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Test your basic knowledge |
Dairy Farming
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
industries
,
dairy
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Roads - water - drainage - land use
Regional Councils
CS Inputs Cultural
CS Outputs
Case Study
2. Dead calves/cows - spray drift - erosion - stock energy - raw effluent down streams - milk dumping
Farmer
Processes/Throughputs
Case Study
Losses
3. Too much fresh spring grass. Breakfeeding - medication
Reduced River Flow
Feedback
Losses
Bloat
4. Drought - low rainfall - high evaporation rates. Supp feeds - split calving - build dam
Dairy Industry Perspective
Slow Grass Growth in Summer
Dairy Farm Problems
Feedback
5. Milking - culling - harvesting - drenching - feeding - calving - breeding - weaning - maintenance
Processes/Throughputs
Environmental Problems
Short Grass Growing Season
Dairy Farm Problems
6. Government - Farmers - Service Agencies - Regional Councils - Product Purchasing Firms
CS Processes
Main NZ Regions
Contamination of Streams
Control of Farm Resources
7. Taranaki 1975=2% of cowsheds with licensed waste-treatment systems. 1996=100%. Involves deep pond where effluent sinks - shallow pond where ammonia gas released. Treated liquid discharged into stream.
Main NZ Regions
Contamination of Streams
Two-Pond System
Government
8. Surface runoff - effluent from cowsheds - increased stock densities. Reduce fertiliser applications and stock densities - fence off Riparian zones - two-pond system
Contamination of Streams
Government
Losses
Control of Farm Resources
9. New dairy farm irrigation systems - esp. South Canterbury. Find alternative water source - find farminf activity more suitable to dry climate
Riparian Zone Protection
Slow Grass Growth in Summer
CS Inputs Cultural
Reduced River Flow
10. Ministry of Agriculture - Financial Assistance
Government
Short Grass Growing Season
Losses
Two-Pond System
11. Affects profit - NZ Dairy Board promotes overseas to keep up demand for products
CS Feedback
Inputs Natural
Product Purchasing Firms
CS Inputs Cultural
12. People's labour - knowledge and skill; accountant - vet - transport - facilities - machinery - fertileser - hedges - cows
Inputs Cultural
Inputs Natural
CS Processes
Short Grass Growing Season
13. +grass - milk - cows - bobby claves - silage - -animal diseases
Pugging
Outputs
Damage to Neighbouring Farms/Orchards
Dairy Industry Perspective
14. Muddy pastures - high humidity. Medication - reduce stock nos - change land use
Service Agencies
Sedimentation of Streams
Government
Foot Rot
15. Contaimination of ground water - contam of streams - soil compaction - sedimentation of streams - reduced river flows - damage to neighbouring farms/orchards
Control of Farm Resources
Environmentalists Perspective
Dairy Farm Problems
Two-Pond System
16. Pugging - Foot Rot - Bloat - Low Soil Fertility - Short Grass Growing Season - Slow Grass Growth in Summer
CS Inputs Cultural
Environmental Problems
Damage to Neighbouring Farms/Orchards
Riparian Zone Protection
17. Drought - low rainfall - high evaporation rates. Supp feeds - split calving - build dam
Pasture Management
Slow Grass Growth in Summer
Short Grass Growing Season
Inputs Natural
18. Affects profit - NZ Dairy Board promotes overseas to keep up demand for products
Product Purchasing Firms
Bloat
Losses
Inputs Natural
19. Leaching of nutrients into soil - increased stock densities (eg. Taranaki 1975=1.43 cow/ha - 1996=1.7 cow/ha). reduce fertiliser applications and stock densities
CS Inputs Natural
Government
Inputs Natural
Contamination of Groundwater
20. Environmental Protection. 1 cow waste=14 humans. Stock with open access to streams=increased bacteria and excrement - contam of ground water - fish and waterlife threatened. Dairy is NZ's most polluting industry.
Main NZ Regions
Environmentalists Perspective
Control of Farm Resources
Reduced River Flow
21. Profits - calves for replacement - animal manure - silage
Losses
Reduced River Flow
Government
Feedback
22. Grazing-breakfeeding and electric fences. Milking-Aug-May - 2x daily. AB November. Calving-Aug. Herd Improv-concrete race prevents sore feet. Pasture Improv-Phosphat Oct and Mar. Haymaking - 2-3000 bales in Summer.
Life Cycle of a Cow
Government
Regional Councils
CS Processes
23. +milk solids-improv 32000-120000kg. Bobby calves/Old cows sold. -leaching of fertilisers into soil - high nitrate level in soil.
Pasture Management
Two-Pond System
CS Outputs
Inputs Cultural
24. Resource Management Atc 1991 states streams must be fenced off. Is expensive - takes out productive land.
Regional Councils
Herd Management
Service Agencies
Riparian Zone Protection
25. Summer-milking - drenching bloat - culling - mating. Autumn-topdressing - innoculation - undersowing - drenching worms. Winter-breakfeeding - calving - weaning - selling - fertilising. Spring-weaning - milking - drenching bloat - tagging.
Product Purchasing Firms
Slow Grass Growth in Summer
CS Inputs Natural
Seasons of Dairy Farming
26. Vets - research - accountant - bank - agricultural firm
Main NZ Regions
Pasture Management
Service Agencies
Herd Management
27. Cold climate - long winter. Supplementary foods - fodder crops
Regional Councils
Dairy Farm Problems
Low Soil Fertility
Short Grass Growing Season
28. 0-1=weaned - tagged - reared for replacement. 1-2=ready for mating - first calf @2. 2+=milking and breeding. 9+culled
Contamination of Groundwater
Life Cycle of a Cow
Slow Grass Growth in Summer
Two-Pond System
29. 300+ Jesry cows. Labour-1 fulltime. Fertiliser-phosphate.Sup Feed. Outside Services-Vet - Lawyer - Accountant. Transport-truck - 4 wheeler. 50 Bale milking shed.
Riparian Zone Protection
Gorvernment Perspective
Control of Farm Resources
CS Inputs Cultural
30. Milking - culling - harvesting - drenching - feeding - calving - breeding - weaning - maintenance
Environmentalists Perspective
Processes/Throughputs
Reduced River Flow
CS Inputs Natural
31. Leaching of nutrients into soil - increased stock densities (eg. Taranaki 1975=1.43 cow/ha - 1996=1.7 cow/ha). reduce fertiliser applications and stock densities
Contamination of Groundwater
Life Cycle of a Cow
Environmental Problems
Product Purchasing Firms
32. Erosion on slopes and stream banks from trampling and grazing - increased stock densities. Plant trees on steep slopes - fence off Riparian Zones - reduce stock densities.
Outputs
Sedimentation of Streams
Farmer
Losses
33. Roads - water - drainage - land use
Sedimentation of Streams
Government
Regional Councils
Slow Grass Growth in Summer
34. Stan Wollands - Pahiatua - Wairarapa
Slow Grass Growth in Summer
CS Processes
Case Study
Foot Rot
35. Reinvestment of profits-new shed - improv tanker entrance - purchasing new land. Experience. CS Problems and Solutions
CS Feedback
Farmer
Pugging
Contamination of Groundwater
36. Sun - land - rain - water - soil - air
Product Purchasing Firms
Damage to Neighbouring Farms/Orchards
Life Cycle of a Cow
Inputs Natural
37. Muddy pastures - high humidity. Medication - reduce stock nos - change land use
Foot Rot
Contamination of Groundwater
Farmer
Herd Management
38. Environmental Protection. 1 cow waste=14 humans. Stock with open access to streams=increased bacteria and excrement - contam of ground water - fish and waterlife threatened. Dairy is NZ's most polluting industry.
Short Grass Growing Season
Environmentalists Perspective
Outputs
CS Inputs Cultural
39. Contaimination of ground water - contam of streams - soil compaction - sedimentation of streams - reduced river flows - damage to neighbouring farms/orchards
CS Inputs Natural
CS Processes
Dairy Farm Problems
Inputs Cultural
40. Grazing-breakfeeding and electric fences. Milking-Aug-May - 2x daily. AB November. Calving-Aug. Herd Improv-concrete race prevents sore feet. Pasture Improv-Phosphat Oct and Mar. Haymaking - 2-3000 bales in Summer.
Dairy Industry Perspective
Environmental Problems
CS Processes
Dairy Industry Perspective
41. Stan Wollands - Pahiatua - Wairarapa
Case Study
Contamination of Groundwater
Low Soil Fertility
Gorvernment Perspective
42. Sun - land - rain - water - soil - air
Foot Rot
Farmer
Slow Grass Growth in Summer
Inputs Natural
43. Commercial Interests. Councils/Overseas buyers are applying pressure to minimise impacts
Two-Pond System
Seasons of Dairy Farming
Dairy Industry Perspective
Product Purchasing Firms
44. Surface runoff - effluent from cowsheds - increased stock densities. Reduce fertiliser applications and stock densities - fence off Riparian zones - two-pond system
Contamination of Streams
Gorvernment Perspective
Product Purchasing Firms
Dairy Farm Problems
45. Government - Farmers - Service Agencies - Regional Councils - Product Purchasing Firms
Damage to Neighbouring Farms/Orchards
Inputs Natural
Control of Farm Resources
Slow Grass Growth in Summer
46. Vets - research - accountant - bank - agricultural firm
Dairy Farm Problems
Contamination of Streams
Service Agencies
Environmental Problems
47. 0-1=weaned - tagged - reared for replacement. 1-2=ready for mating - first calf @2. 2+=milking and breeding. 9+culled
Farmer
Inputs Natural
Life Cycle of a Cow
Two-Pond System
48. Natural condition. Apply chemical fertiliser - change land use - recycle cowshed wastes onto paddocks
Main NZ Regions
Outputs
Low Soil Fertility
Seasons of Dairy Farming
49. Cows milked 2x daily - AB used to improve quality of herd - computerised records kept of each cow
Herd Management
CS Inputs Cultural
CS Outputs
Product Purchasing Firms
50. Erosion on slopes and stream banks from trampling and grazing - increased stock densities. Plant trees on steep slopes - fence off Riparian Zones - reduce stock densities.
Dairy Industry Perspective
Sedimentation of Streams
Life Cycle of a Cow
Slow Grass Growth in Summer