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GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Unhealthy individuals are too much affected by inferior feelings to pursue the will to power - make excuses or have a 'yes -but' mentality - if they do pursue goals - these are likely to be self-serving and egotistical






2. Individual theory






3. Leader of humanistic movement; hierarchy of needs






4. Patients are seen 4-5 times a week and for many years - Initially: hypnosis - Then: free association - Transference - countertransference






5. 'objects' relationships: real others and one'S internalized image of others;






6. Freud; central force that must find a socially acceptable outlet






7. General term that refers to theories that emphasize role of unconscious (including individual or analytical)






8. Goal is for (e)ffective rational beliefs to replace previous self-defeating ones - then client'S thoughts - feelings - and behaviours can coexist






9. Person'S outer mask - mediator to external world; masks in cultures






10. Uses operant principle of negative reinforcement to increase anxiety - anxiety-reaction created where there was none; usually to treat addiction and fetishes






11. Therapist engages in a dialogue with client rather than leading toward a goal; client learns from dialogue - and together focus on here-and-now experience rather than talking about the past






12. The part of mind that contains the unconscious biological drives and wishes - At birth: mental life is composed solely of the id and its biological drives (sex and aggression) - with development - the id also includes unconscious wishes






13. Shifting unacceptable feelings/actions to a less threatening recipient






14. Abnormal behaviour is the result of learning and conditioning






15. Drugs for bipolar disorder - mania appears to be from excessive monoamines; inhibit monoamines such as norepinephrine and serotonin (ex. Lithium)






16. Victor Frankl






17. How a therapist feels about his/her patients; analyst'S transfer of unconscious feelings or wishes (central figures in analyst'S life) onto patient






18. Fritz Perls - Max Wertheimer - Kurt Koffka






19. Inherited from ancestors - common to all and contains archetypes






20. Use unconscious messages to become more aware and closer to full potential






21. Proved experimentally that abnormal behaviour can be learned






22. Delivers electric current to brain to induce convulsions; effective for severely depressed patients






23. Sanguine - high in activity and high in social contribution - healthy






24. Joseph Wolpe - applies classical conditioning to relieve anxiety - exposed to increasingly anxiety-provoking stimuli until anxiety is decreased - start from staring at a picture of snake and then eventually holding on






25. Drawing conclusion without solid evidence (e.g. 'Boss hates me because he never asks me to play golf')






26. Person'S dark side - often projected onto others; devils and evil spirits in cultures






27. Tricyclic chemical structure; ex. amitriptyline (Elavil®)






28. Methodology - theory developed from single case studies - which is not scientific






29. Goal is exploration of awareness and full experiencing of the present; success is connecting client with present existence






30. Accusing others of having one'S own unacceptable feelings






31. Not allowing threatening material into awareness






32. The death instinct - including self-destructive behavior






33. Revolves around philosophical issues particularly the issue of meaning; one`s greatest struggles are being vs. nonbeing - and meaningfulness vs. meaninglessness; will to meaning






34. Black and white thinking (e.g. 'if I don'T score 100% I have no future')






35. Skinner'S operant ideas that behaviour is related only to consequences






36. Allows client to practice new behaviours and responses






37. Like cognitive and behaviour theory - considered too sterile and mechanistic






38. To change behaviour to be more desired or adaptive; successful in treating phobias - fetishes - OCD - sexual problems - and childhood disorders (especially nocturnal enuresis)






39. Client-centered therapist must appreciate rather than just observe client'S perspective






40. B.F. Skinner - Ivan Pavlov - Joseph Wolpe






41. Lessen the unconscious pressures on the individual by making as much of it conscious as possible - allow the ego to be a better mediator of forces






42. short-term and directed; - thoughts - feelings and unconsciousness not addressed; - Therapist use counterconditioning techniques to help client learn new responses; - Techniques: systematic desensitization - flooding or implosive therapy - aversion t






43. Full individual potential; Buddha - Jesus and mandala in cultures






44. First drugs for psychopathology; - usually to treat positive symptoms of schizophrenia (delusion and hallucination) by blocking dopamine receptors and inhibiting dopamine production (ex. Chlorpromazine (Thorazine®) - and haloperidol (Haldol®))






45. Imitating a central figure - such as a parent






46. Highly directive; therapist leads client to (d)ispute previously applied irrational beliefs






47. Act only on serotonin - most frequently prescribed because fewer side effects than tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs); Ex. fluoxetine (Prozac®) - paroxetine (Paxil®) - sertraline (Zoloft®)






48. People work their way up hierarchy toward self-actualization by satisfying needs at the previous level: physiological needs - hunger - thirst - shelter - warmth - safety - security - stability - lack of fear - belonging - love - acceptance - esteem -






49. Aim to affect neurotransmitters; commonly dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine (monoamines)






50. Pavlov'S classical counterconditioning principles to create new responses to stimuli