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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Clinical And Abnormal Psychology
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Unhealthy individuals are too much affected by inferior feelings to pursue the will to power - make excuses or have a 'yes -but' mentality - if they do pursue goals - these are likely to be self-serving and egotistical
therapy (Client-centered theory)
Projection
abnormal theory (individual theory)
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
2. Individual theory
Cognitive Theory (originator)
Alfred Adler
Gestalt Theory (originators)
transference
3. Leader of humanistic movement; hierarchy of needs
Abraham Maslow
criticism (Cognitive Theory)
Pleasure principle
existential theory
4. Patients are seen 4-5 times a week and for many years - Initially: hypnosis - Then: free association - Transference - countertransference
psychoanalysis
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
Therapy (Behavior theory)
abnormal theory (existential theory)
5. 'objects' relationships: real others and one'S internalized image of others;
Therapy (Behavior theory)
id
eros
object-relations theory
6. Freud; central force that must find a socially acceptable outlet
existential theory (originator)
aggression
Compensation
Anima
7. General term that refers to theories that emphasize role of unconscious (including individual or analytical)
Abraham Maslow
psychic determinism
therapy (Client-centered theory)
Psychodynamic theory
8. Goal is for (e)ffective rational beliefs to replace previous self-defeating ones - then client'S thoughts - feelings - and behaviours can coexist
Sublimation
Shaping
Alfred Adler
goal of therapy (Rational-Emotive Theory)
9. Person'S outer mask - mediator to external world; masks in cultures
Self
Persona
criticism (individual theory)
Systematic desensitization
10. Uses operant principle of negative reinforcement to increase anxiety - anxiety-reaction created where there was none; usually to treat addiction and fetishes
psychoanalytic theory
therapy (existential theory)
neobehaviouralism
Aversion therapy
11. Therapist engages in a dialogue with client rather than leading toward a goal; client learns from dialogue - and together focus on here-and-now experience rather than talking about the past
catharsis/abreaction
therapy (Gestalt Theory)
therapy (analytical theory)
Psychopharmacology (criticisms)
12. The part of mind that contains the unconscious biological drives and wishes - At birth: mental life is composed solely of the id and its biological drives (sex and aggression) - with development - the id also includes unconscious wishes
id
Dreams
therapy (analytical theory)
goal of therapy (Client-centered theory)
13. Shifting unacceptable feelings/actions to a less threatening recipient
Displacement
Genuineness/congruence
goal of therapy (Gestalt Theory)
Animus
14. Abnormal behaviour is the result of learning and conditioning
Shaping
Shadow
Abnormal theory (Behavior theory)
Antipsychotics
15. Drugs for bipolar disorder - mania appears to be from excessive monoamines; inhibit monoamines such as norepinephrine and serotonin (ex. Lithium)
Antimanics
Dichotomous thinking
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
Pleasure principle
16. Victor Frankl
Donald Meichenbaum
abnormal theory (analytical theory)
Cognitive triad
existential theory (originator)
17. How a therapist feels about his/her patients; analyst'S transfer of unconscious feelings or wishes (central figures in analyst'S life) onto patient
Animus
Reality principle
Displacement
countertransference
18. Fritz Perls - Max Wertheimer - Kurt Koffka
Applied psychology
Gestalt Theory (originators)
Personal unconscious
therapy (analytical theory)
19. Inherited from ancestors - common to all and contains archetypes
criticism (Behavior theory)
Self
Collective unconscious
Personal unconscious
20. Use unconscious messages to become more aware and closer to full potential
Carl Gustav Jung
goal of therapy (analytical theory)
Hierarchy of needs
Anxiolytics
21. Proved experimentally that abnormal behaviour can be learned
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
Neal Miller
Shaping
Identification
22. Delivers electric current to brain to induce convulsions; effective for severely depressed patients
Client-centered theory
Electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)
Antidepressants (+types)
criticism (psychoanalytic theory)
23. Sanguine - high in activity and high in social contribution - healthy
Overgeneralization
Goal of therapy (psychoanalytic theory)
socially useful type
Self
24. Joseph Wolpe - applies classical conditioning to relieve anxiety - exposed to increasingly anxiety-provoking stimuli until anxiety is decreased - start from staring at a picture of snake and then eventually holding on
catharsis/abreaction
Aversion therapy
Systematic desensitization
analytical theory
25. Drawing conclusion without solid evidence (e.g. 'Boss hates me because he never asks me to play golf')
Rational-Emotive Theory
Arbitrary inference
therapy (Gestalt Theory)
Family therapy
26. Person'S dark side - often projected onto others; devils and evil spirits in cultures
avoiding type
therapy (analytical theory)
Shadow
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
27. Tricyclic chemical structure; ex. amitriptyline (Elavil®)
libido
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
therapy (existential theory)
Karen Horney
28. Methodology - theory developed from single case studies - which is not scientific
process of becoming
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
Dichotomous thinking
criticism (psychoanalytic theory)
29. Goal is exploration of awareness and full experiencing of the present; success is connecting client with present existence
goal of therapy (Gestalt Theory)
abnormal theory (Client-centered theory)
Carl Gustav Jung
Genuineness/congruence
30. Accusing others of having one'S own unacceptable feelings
Defense mechanism (+types)
Projection
Shaping
Animus
31. Not allowing threatening material into awareness
Defense mechanism (+types)
Collective unconscious
Repression or denial
goal of therapy (existential theory)
32. The death instinct - including self-destructive behavior
abnormal theory (Psychopharmacology)
Thanatos
countertransference
Reality principle
33. Revolves around philosophical issues particularly the issue of meaning; one`s greatest struggles are being vs. nonbeing - and meaningfulness vs. meaninglessness; will to meaning
existential theory
Defense mechanism (+types)
Unconditional positive regard
abnormal theory (psychoanalytic theory)
34. Black and white thinking (e.g. 'if I don'T score 100% I have no future')
Compensation
Dichotomous thinking
Client-centered theory
goal of therapy (Client-centered theory)
35. Skinner'S operant ideas that behaviour is related only to consequences
radical behavioralism
existential theory (originator)
Defense mechanism (+types)
Antipsychotics
36. Allows client to practice new behaviours and responses
Overgeneralization
Role playing
criticism (Gestalt Theory)
getting-learning type
37. Like cognitive and behaviour theory - considered too sterile and mechanistic
criticism (Rational-Emotive Theory)
Neo-Freudians
existential theory
Hierarchy of needs
38. To change behaviour to be more desired or adaptive; successful in treating phobias - fetishes - OCD - sexual problems - and childhood disorders (especially nocturnal enuresis)
analytical theory
Cognitive Theory (originator)
Goal of therapy (Behavior theory)
Aversion therapy
39. Client-centered therapist must appreciate rather than just observe client'S perspective
aggression
Neo-Freudians
therapy (individual theory)
Empathy
40. B.F. Skinner - Ivan Pavlov - Joseph Wolpe
Arbitrary inference
superego
behavior theory (originators)
criticism (Cognitive Theory)
41. Lessen the unconscious pressures on the individual by making as much of it conscious as possible - allow the ego to be a better mediator of forces
Monoamines (examples)
Goal of therapy (psychoanalytic theory)
Abnormal theory (Rational-Emotive Theory)
criticism (Cognitive Theory)
42. short-term and directed; - thoughts - feelings and unconsciousness not addressed; - Therapist use counterconditioning techniques to help client learn new responses; - Techniques: systematic desensitization - flooding or implosive therapy - aversion t
Repression or denial
Therapy (Behavior theory)
Changes in Freud'S psychoanalytic theory
Empathy
43. Full individual potential; Buddha - Jesus and mandala in cultures
Neal Miller
Self
Shadow
Alfred Adler
44. First drugs for psychopathology; - usually to treat positive symptoms of schizophrenia (delusion and hallucination) by blocking dopamine receptors and inhibiting dopamine production (ex. Chlorpromazine (Thorazine®) - and haloperidol (Haldol®))
Free association
Antipsychotics
Gestalt Theory
Neo-Freudians
45. Imitating a central figure - such as a parent
Goal of therapy (Behavior theory)
Identification
Compensation
therapy (Psychopharmacology)
46. Highly directive; therapist leads client to (d)ispute previously applied irrational beliefs
catharsis/abreaction
Will to meaning
hypnosis
therapy (Rational-Emotive Theory)
47. Act only on serotonin - most frequently prescribed because fewer side effects than tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs); Ex. fluoxetine (Prozac®) - paroxetine (Paxil®) - sertraline (Zoloft®)
id
psychic determinism
criticism (Rational-Emotive Theory)
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
48. People work their way up hierarchy toward self-actualization by satisfying needs at the previous level: physiological needs - hunger - thirst - shelter - warmth - safety - security - stability - lack of fear - belonging - love - acceptance - esteem -
Hierarchy of needs
aggression
Anna Freud
goal of therapy (Client-centered theory)
49. Aim to affect neurotransmitters; commonly dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine (monoamines)
therapy (Psychopharmacology)
Aversion therapy
Reaction formation
criticism (Cognitive Theory)
50. Pavlov'S classical counterconditioning principles to create new responses to stimuli
Empathy
criticism (Rational-Emotive Theory)
neobehaviouralism
abnormal theory (Client-centered theory)