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Comptia Security +: Vocab

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In cryptography - encryption is the process of obscuring information to make it unreadable without special knowledge.






2. A simple authentication protocol used to authenticate a user to a remote access server or Internet service provider (ISP). Almost all NOS remote servers support PAP. PAP transmits unencrypted ASCII passwords over the network and is therefore consider






3. The ability to have more than one thread associated with a process






4. Making individuals accountable for their actions on a system typically through the use of auditing






5. Affects the section of a floppy or hard disk that contains operating system and file information. Each time you start your PC with an infected floppy in the drive - the virus can spread.






6. In a computer system (or cryptosystem or algorithm) these are methods of bypassing normal authentication or securing remote access to a computer - while attempting to remain hidden from casual inspection.






7. Packet sniffers (also known as network or protocol analyzers or Ethernet sniffers) are computer software (usually) or computer hardware that can intercept and log traffic passing over a digital network or part of a network. As data streams travel bac






8. Class A (1-126.x.x.x) - Class B (128-191.x.x.x) - Class C (192-223.x.x.x)






9. Public Key Infrastructure






10. In computing - the Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol authenticates a user to an Internet access provider. CHAP provides protection against playback attack by the peer through the use of an incrementally changing identifier and of a variable






11. Also known as Rijndael - is a block cipher adopted as an encryption standard by the US government. It is expected to be used worldwide and analyzed extensively - as was the case with its predecessor - the Data Encryption Standard (DES). AES was adopt






12. This is an attack in which an attacker is able to read - insert and modify at will - messages between two parties without either party knowing that the link between them has been compromised. The attacker must be able to observe and intercept message






13. Be at least 8 foot tall and have three strands of barbed wire.






14. A class of storage media used in computers and other electronic devices. Because it cannot (easily) be written to - its main uses lie in the distribution of firmware.






15. A mechanism by which connections to TCP services on a system are allowed or disallowed






16. Also civil law






17. A gas used in fire suppression. Not human safe. Chemical reaction.






18. Emanations from one wire coupling with another wire






19. Attack which does not result in an unauthorized state change - such as an attack that only monitors and/or records data.






20. Also known as a tunnel)






21. In cryptanalysis - a brute force attack is a method of defeating a cryptographic scheme by trying a large number of possibilities. In most schemes - the theoretical possibility of a brute force attack is recognised - but it is set up in such a way th






22. Signal degradation as it moves farther from its source






23. In cryptanalysis - this attack is a method of defeating a cryptographic scheme by trying a large number of possibilities; for example - exhaustively working through all possible keys in order to decrypt a message. In most schemes - the theoretical po






24. Demilitarized Zone. A part of the network that is neither part of the internal network nor directly part of the Internet. Basically a network sitting between two networks.






25. An imaginary boundary between the components that make up the TCB and the components that are not covered by the TCB






26. The practice of following someone with a security code or keycard through a security door - generally in workplaces.






27. Residual physical representation of data that has been in some way erased. After storage media is erased there may be some physical characteristics that allow data to be reconstructed.






28. In cryptography - a substitution cipher is a method of encryption by which units of plaintext are substituted with ciphertext according to a regular system; the 'units' may be single letters (the most common) - pairs of letters - triplets of letters






29. Procedures for when an employee is terminated to ensure that they are aware of their responsibilities and turn in all company property.






30. Software designed to infiltrate or damage a computer system - without the owner's consent.






31. The 7 layer model defined by the ISO. Memorized by 'All People Seem To Need Data Processing' and 'Please Do Not Throw Sausage Pizza Away'. Actually - the layers are Application - Presentation - Session - Transport - Network - Data Link - Physical






32. A RFC standard. A mechanism for performing commands on a remote system






33. The key that is used to encrypt a file or message is the same key that is used to decrypt the file or message






34. RFC 1918 defined the following addresses as the private addressing ranges: 192.168.x.x - 10.x.x.x - 172.16.x.x - 172.31.x.x






35. A site that is ready and available within minutes or hours to continue processing. This is a site that is fully configured and ready to go.






36. The intercepting of conversations by unintended recipients






37. Random Number Base






38. More discriminate than dogs






39. Data storage formats and equipment that allow the stored data to be accessed in any order






40. Occupant Emergency Plan - Employees are the most important!






41. The process of developing a planned approach to change in an organization. Typically the objective is to maximize the collective benefits for all people involved in the change and minimize the risk of failure of implementing the change.






42. A spoofing attack - a kind of attack in data communication - in which a third party tries to mislead the communication participants using forged information.






43. Reasonable doubt






44. In computer security - this type of attack is a situation in which one person or program successfully masquerades as another by falsifying data and thereby gains an illegitimate advantage.






45. An international standard defining security assurance and functionality profiles. Replaced the TCSEC - ITSEC - etc.






46. If an employee is suspected of wrongdoing - sending them away from work for a while so that their actions can be audited.






47. The EU spec. If databases exist - users are allowed to check data into them - allowed to change them if wrong - etc.






48. The art of breaking code. Testing the strength of an algorithm.






49. ('rotate by 13 places' - sometimes hyphenated ROT-13) Is a simple Caesar cipher used for obscuring text by replacing each letter with the letter thirteen places down the alphabet






50. Telephone tapping (or wire tapping/wiretapping in the US) is the monitoring of telephone and Internet conversations by a third party - often by covert means. The telephone tap or wire tap received its name because historically - the monitoring connec