Test your basic knowledge |

ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, apple

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How do you use disk utility to burn an optical disk?
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.

2. How does resetting the master filevault password affect existing filevault user accounts?
It does a 7-pass erase.
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
Info pane in Network Utility

3. What are four common issues that can interrupt network services on a Mac OS X computer?
Admins have access to any locally-connected volume whereas standard users can only access their home folders and other user's Public folders.
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue

4. What client-sharing services can Mac OS X provide?
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
Too many to list. Hehe.

5. Four methods to access CLI
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.

6. Why is the root of a user's home folder visible to others?
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder

7. Different between absolute and relative path
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.

8. What does a keychain do?
based on the user's current location
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files

9. Relative path
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
based on the user's current location
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.

10. What system preference enables the accessibility features of OS X - what are they - and where are the preferences stored?
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image

11. What are the two primary automation technologies for the GUI?
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
Hold down shift on startup
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on

12. Absolute path
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
Full directions to a specific item
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.

13. Best command to list items in a folder?
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
ls

14. How does resetting a user's password as an admin user affect their keychain?
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.

15. Default 9 home folder folders?
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu

16. How are items inside the Finder's Network folder populated?
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.

17. Path
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.

18. What is Rosetta and what types of items are not supported by Rosetta?
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler

19. Three minium requirements for creating a command line script
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler

20. How do Mac OS X computers acquire and use link-local TCP/IP addresses?
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps

21. How does the IP transfer messages between computers on a WAN?
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
The client uses the subnet mask to decide if the client is on the LAN. If it's not on the LAN - then it sends the data to the IP address of the local router. Traffic continues through routers until it reaches the destination.
They're used to combine complex items into individual folders. Packages appear as a single item.

22. What are the device classes used by Mac OS X to categorize peripherals? What are some examples of each class?
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.

23. What interfaces and protocols are supported by default in in Mac OS X?
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
Too many to list. Hehe.
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.

24. What are the primary system initialization stages and user environment stages in Mac OS X and what order do they start?
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.

25. 3 Default items in CLI prompt
Applications - Library - System - Users
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
computer hostname - working directory - user account

26. How are the permissions on the shared folder set to allow local user sharing?
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.

27. Min hardware requirements for 10.6
cp - mv - rm
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display

28. What are some common file flags and extended attributes used by Mac OS X?
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
Describe containers in the file system
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.

29. What process or processes are responsible for dashboard widgets?
ls
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.

30. How is Disk utility's verify and repair feature used?
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.
cat - less
Admins have access to any locally-connected volume whereas standard users can only access their home folders and other user's Public folders.
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).

31. What is a device driver? What three primary types of device drivers are there?
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
Admins have access to any locally-connected volume whereas standard users can only access their home folders and other user's Public folders.
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.

32. What are some known issues that arise when connecting to network file services?
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
They're used to combine complex items into individual folders. Packages appear as a single item.
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.
command - options - arguments

33. How do you provide Mac OS X file sharing services so that other computers can access them?
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
ls
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing

34. What type of files are omitted from time machine backups?
May cause data corruption
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.

35. What is the relationship between clients and servers as it relates to network service access?
Hold down shift on startup
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
To run commands as the root user
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.

36. What is authentication and authorization?
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.

37. How can you limit a user account?
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
Parental controls

38. What shared items are accessible to any user who connects via FTP?
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.

39. 6 Reasons to use the CLI
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
To run commands as the root user
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD

40. How do you use the finder's burn folder feature?
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.

41. Default install packages
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations

42. What role does system launchd play in the system start-up?
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF

43. Which two commands can read text files?
Users' passwords must be stored in a special format - which is less secure - and must be explicitly enabled.
cat - less
It addresses the outgoing packets based on the destination device's MAC address
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.

44. What steps should you take when troubleshooting app issues?
computer hostname - working directory - user account
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS

45. What is protected memory? What is 64 bit memory addressing?
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.
Nothing.
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display

46. What is the difference between safe boot - safe mode - and safe login?
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.

47. What backup destinations does Time Machine support?
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.

48. What items are not loaded when Mac OS X safe boots?
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.

49. How does the IP addresses use the MAC address to send messages between computers on a LAN?
Parental controls
It addresses the outgoing packets based on the destination device's MAC address
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.

50. Where does spotlight store its metadata index databases? How about the plugins?
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S
Users' public folders
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
Parental controls

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ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

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