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ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, apple

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Where does spotlight store its metadata index databases? How about the plugins?

2. What 3 types of resource contention issues can occur when fast user switching is enabled?
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.

3. How do you further resolve and issue that disappears when the Mac successfully safe-boots?
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.

4. Five types of accounts in 10.6
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
System Profiler

5. How does file-fault secure a user's data?
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.
To run commands as the root user

6. What files are associated with the computer's website? What about the users' websites?

7. What is sudo used for?
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.
Nothing.
To run commands as the root user
Info pane in Network Utility

8. What are some security concerns with spotlight?
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display

9. What is the potential side effect of improperly unmounting or ejecting a volume?
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
May cause data corruption
Describe containers in the file system
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files

10. Different between absolute and relative path
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
Nothing.
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.

11. Utilities available from OS X install DVD
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing

12. How is the DOmain Name Service used to facilitate network naming?
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.

13. What are the four erase options in disk utility?

14. What does the problem-reporting feature do?
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.

15. Security risks & account types
The client uses the subnet mask to decide if the client is on the LAN. If it's not on the LAN - then it sends the data to the IP address of the local router. Traffic continues through routers until it reaches the destination.
System Profiler
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.

16. What is the difference between safe boot - safe mode - and safe login?
computer hostname - working directory - user account
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.

17. What do the terms interface - protocol - and service mean in relation to computer networks?
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.

18. How do you use the finder's burn folder feature?
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.

19. What system preference enables the accessibility features of OS X - what are they - and where are the preferences stored?
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
computer hostname - working directory - user account
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root

20. What items are not loaded when Mac OS X safe boots?
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.

21. Which two commands can read text files?
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
Full directions to a specific item
cat - less

22. What five network file services can you connect to from the Finder's Connect To Server dialog?
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.
Too many to list. Hehe.
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV

23. What two dynamic network service discovery protocols are supported by Mac OS X?
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)

24. How can you force quit an app from the GUI?
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.

25. Relative path

26. What are the differences between ZIP archives and Disk Images?
Admins have access to any locally-connected volume whereas standard users can only access their home folders and other user's Public folders.
They're used to combine complex items into individual folders. Packages appear as a single item.
It does a 7-pass erase.
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.

27. What are they advantages of code-signing?
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)

28. What are PPD files responsible for?
System Profiler
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.

29. What is target disk mode and how is it engaged?
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.

30. What does the firmware do? What is the POST?

31. What role does system launchd play in the system start-up?
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.
Applications - Library - System - Users

32. How does the IP transfer messages between computers on a WAN?

33. Advantages/disadvantages of single/multiple partition drives in OS X

34. What are resource forks and why have they fallen out of favor?

35. How can you identify the MAC Addresses for all of the Mac's network interfaces?
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.
Info pane in Network Utility
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.

36. 6 Reasons to use the CLI
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
command - options - arguments
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV

37. What steps should you take when troubleshooting app issues?
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu

38. What is the difference between launch daemons - startup items - launch agents - and login items?

39. What are seven common types of resources Mac OS X can access from a directory service?
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
cat - less

40. What are four common issues that can interrupt network services on a Mac OS X computer?
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps

41. How do you identify ownership and permissions of a file or folder in the Finder? In the command line?
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.

42. Four methods to access CLI
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
Nothing.
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.

43. Default 9 home folder folders?
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.

44. What role does loginwindow serve in system start-up?
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.

45. Locate system version - build number - serial number location
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.
Info pane in Network Utility
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps

46. What is the safe boot keyboard combo?
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
Describe containers in the file system
Hold down shift on startup
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root

47. What is the relationship between clients and servers as it relates to network service access?
Admins have access to any locally-connected volume whereas standard users can only access their home folders and other user's Public folders.
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.

48. Security risk with fast user switching?
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn

49. Account attributes
System Profiler
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD

50. What happens during user log-out?