ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are resource forks and why have they fallen out of favor?

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2. What are the primary differences between local - network - and mobile accounts?
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
The client uses the subnet mask to decide if the client is on the LAN. If it's not on the LAN - then it sends the data to the IP address of the local router. Traffic continues through routers until it reaches the destination.
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.


3. What is the purpose of IP addresses and subnet masks? What is their format?
Users' passwords must be stored in a special format - which is less secure - and must be explicitly enabled.
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.


4. What items are automatically started by system launchd during the system initialization process?
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage


5. What are the four erase options in disk utility?

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6. What steps should you take when troubleshooting app issues?
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.
Nothing.
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.


7. How can you identify the MAC Addresses for all of the Mac's network interfaces?
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
Info pane in Network Utility
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences


8. What happens during system shutdown?
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.
Users' passwords must be stored in a special format - which is less secure - and must be explicitly enabled.
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD


9. How does the spotlight search service use metadata?
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
Users' passwords must be stored in a special format - which is less secure - and must be explicitly enabled.


10. What is protected memory? What is 64 bit memory addressing?
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.


11. What 3 types of resource contention issues can occur when fast user switching is enabled?
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
The client uses the subnet mask to decide if the client is on the LAN. If it's not on the LAN - then it sends the data to the IP address of the local router. Traffic continues through routers until it reaches the destination.
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on


12. Relative path

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13. How does the IP addresses use the MAC address to send messages between computers on a LAN?

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14. How does the system determine what app to use to open a file?
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.


15. What 4 methods can be used to eject a volume from the finder?
based on the user's current location
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.


16. Which two commands can read text files?
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
cat - less


17. What network services are provided by your Mac to facilitate Internet sharing? What options are available for Internet sharing your Mac's AirPort wireless Ethernet interface?
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.


18. How do you use the finder's burn folder feature?
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase


19. How do permissions in the Finder appear different than those in the terminal?
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
Users' public folders
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.


20. What are three common authentication methods?
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.


21. Difference between disk drives - partition - and volume

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22. How can you limit a user account?
Parental controls
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
Client software is used to access services provided by a server


23. What are four common issues that can interrupt network services on a Mac OS X computer?
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.


24. Path
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.


25. What are some common file flags and extended attributes used by Mac OS X?
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
The client uses the subnet mask to decide if the client is on the LAN. If it's not on the LAN - then it sends the data to the IP address of the local router. Traffic continues through routers until it reaches the destination.
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.


26. What are the three primary steps for setting up bootcamp?
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root


27. What is the difference between safe boot - safe mode - and safe login?
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.


28. Why is the root of a user's home folder visible to others?
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder


29. What does the problem-reporting feature do?
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.


30. How does Time Machine maintain a backup history of the system?

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31. What backup destinations does Time Machine support?
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.


32. What are the min sys req for BootCamp?
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.


33. How does Mac OS X use dynamic network discovery protocols to access network services?
It addresses the outgoing packets based on the destination device's MAC address
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF


34. How can you identify which apps are installed on a Mac?
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
May cause data corruption
System Profiler


35. What shared items are accessible to any user who connects via FTP?

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36. Why does the Finder hider certain folders at the root of the system volume?

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37. Four methods to access CLI
based on the user's current location
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH


38. How are the permissions on the shared folder set to allow local user sharing?
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.


39. What is the safe boot keyboard combo?
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing
Hold down shift on startup
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.


40. Locate system version - build number - serial number location
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.


41. What differentiates RAID 0 from RAID 1?
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.


42. Four prep steps before installing
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
Single partition drives are easier to setup initially - but aren't as flexible for admin/maintenance. Multiple can segregate data
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings


43. What does 'ignore volume ownership' do in the Finder?
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root


44. What does the firmware do? What is the POST?

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45. How does network service order affect network connectivity?
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
The client uses the subnet mask to decide if the client is on the LAN. If it's not on the LAN - then it sends the data to the IP address of the local router. Traffic continues through routers until it reaches the destination.
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.


46. Where does spotlight store its metadata index databases? How about the plugins?

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47. In the network preferences - how can you tell which interface is currently being used for network activities?
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.


48. What three methods can be used to select the start-up disk?
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.


49. What process or processes are responsible for dashboard widgets?
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.


50. What files are associated with the computer's website? What about the users' websites?

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