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ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, apple

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are seven common types of resources Mac OS X can access from a directory service?
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.
System Profiler
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings

2. What is the relationship between a network service and a network port?
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.
To run commands as the root user
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image

3. 6 volumes supported by OS X
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.

4. What role does loginwindow serve in system start-up?
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.

5. What is the relationship between clients and servers as it relates to network service access?
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
System Profiler
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.

6. What is target disk mode and how is it engaged?
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.

7. Default 9 home folder folders?
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.

8. What is the sticky bit?
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.

9. What is a device driver? What three primary types of device drivers are there?
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
based on the user's current location
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.

10. How are items inside the Finder's Network folder populated?
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
based on the user's current location

11. What are some security concerns with spotlight?
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
computer hostname - working directory - user account
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD

12. Path
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.

13. Four prep steps before installing
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
cat - less

14. Account attributes
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.

15. How do you identify ownership and permissions of a file or folder in the Finder? In the command line?
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
Finder get info - command line run ls -l

16. How is the DOmain Name Service used to facilitate network naming?
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.

17. What network services are provided by your Mac to facilitate Internet sharing? What options are available for Internet sharing your Mac's AirPort wireless Ethernet interface?
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations

18. Difference between disk drives - partition - and volume
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on

19. What process or processes are responsible for dashboard widgets?
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.

20. Locate system version - build number - serial number location
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location

21. What are the four erase options in disk utility?
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
The computer's website files are located in /Library/WebServer/Documents and each users' is inside ~/Sites

22. What steps should you take when troubleshooting app issues?
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.

23. What items are not loaded when Mac OS X safe boots?
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF

24. What happens during user log-out?
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
cat - less

25. What backup destinations does Time Machine support?
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.

26. How can you identify the type of a particular application?
Describe containers in the file system
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen

27. How does Boot Camp work?
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage

28. Utilities available from OS X install DVD
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
May cause data corruption
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem

29. What four Directory Service types can used in Mac OS X?
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
cp - mv - rm

30. What three common unix commands support Mac filesystem metadata?
cp - mv - rm
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.

31. What is a Kerberos Ticket and KDC?
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.

32. What shared items are accessible to any user who connects via FTP?
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.
Full directions to a specific item
computer hostname - working directory - user account
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files

33. How do you share printers with other Mac and Windows users?
It does a 7-pass erase.
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.

34. What does the firmware do? What is the POST?
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
It does a 7-pass erase.
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.

35. What are PPD files responsible for?
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.

36. What files are associated with the computer's website? What about the users' websites?
The computer's website files are located in /Library/WebServer/Documents and each users' is inside ~/Sites
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences

37. What are the primary differences between local - network - and mobile accounts?
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
It does a 7-pass erase.

38. What are the four default top-level folders available in the Finder?
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
based on the user's current location
Applications - Library - System - Users
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences

39. Five types of accounts in 10.6
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
Users' passwords must be stored in a special format - which is less secure - and must be explicitly enabled.
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root

40. What are four common issues that can interrupt network services on a Mac OS X computer?
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue

41. How does Time Machine maintain a backup history of the system?
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.

42. What is protected memory? What is 64 bit memory addressing?
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files

43. How does network service order affect network connectivity?
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.
It addresses the outgoing packets based on the destination device's MAC address

44. Four methods to access CLI
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.

45. What are six common system resources? What purpose does each one serve and where are they located?
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on

46. How can you identify which apps are installed on a Mac?
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
Admins have access to any locally-connected volume whereas standard users can only access their home folders and other user's Public folders.
System Profiler
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.

47. Absolute path
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.
Full directions to a specific item
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.

48. How does the IP transfer messages between computers on a WAN?
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).
The client uses the subnet mask to decide if the client is on the LAN. If it's not on the LAN - then it sends the data to the IP address of the local router. Traffic continues through routers until it reaches the destination.
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.

49. What functionality does 10.6 support with AppleTalk?
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.
Nothing.
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)

50. How can you identify the MAC Addresses for all of the Mac's network interfaces?
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
Info pane in Network Utility
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase

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ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

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