ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are the four erase options in disk utility?

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2. Different between absolute and relative path
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.


3. How is Disk utility's verify and repair feature used?

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4. How can you force quit an app from the GUI?
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
cat - less
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu


5. What is sudo used for?
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.
To run commands as the root user
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos


6. What client-sharing services can Mac OS X provide?
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
computer hostname - working directory - user account
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.


7. Min hardware requirements for 10.6
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
To run commands as the root user
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.


8. How can you identify which apps are installed on a Mac?
System Profiler
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.


9. What are the primary system initialization stages and user environment stages in Mac OS X and what order do they start?
System Profiler
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.


10. What are five common directory services and authentication services troubleshooting techniques?
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files


11. Four methods to access CLI
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH


12. Difference between disk drives - partition - and volume

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13. What are the primary differences between local - network - and mobile accounts?
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD


14. What happens during user log-out?

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15. What shared items are accessible to an administrator who connects via AFP or SMB? What about a standard user?

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16. How does Boot Camp work?
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on


17. 3 Default items in CLI prompt
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
computer hostname - working directory - user account
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn


18. What are they advantages of code-signing?
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root


19. What is the sticky bit?

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20. What two methods can be used to hide items from the Finder?
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
Users' public folders


21. What shared items are accessible to any user who connects via FTP?

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22. What are the min sys req for BootCamp?
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.


23. What are PPD files responsible for?
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.


24. Which two commands can read text files?
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
cat - less


25. What three common unix commands support Mac filesystem metadata?
cp - mv - rm
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences


26. Why does the Finder hider certain folders at the root of the system volume?

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27. What process or processes are responsible for dashboard widgets?
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
Info pane in Network Utility


28. How can you identify the type of a particular application?
Full directions to a specific item
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
Nothing.


29. How does file-fault secure a user's data?
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.


30. How does resetting the master filevault password affect existing filevault user accounts?
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.


31. How do you use the finder's burn folder feature?
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
May cause data corruption


32. What differentiates RAID 0 from RAID 1?
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
May cause data corruption


33. What are resource forks and why have they fallen out of favor?

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34. What are three common authentication methods?
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.


35. Best command to list items in a folder?
ls
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.


36. Where are preferences stored? What format is generally used?
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
Describe containers in the file system
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD


37. How does file system journaling work?
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
Users' public folders
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase


38. Advantages/disadvantages of single/multiple partition drives in OS X

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39. How can you limit a user account?
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.
Parental controls
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.


40. How can you identify the MAC Addresses for all of the Mac's network interfaces?
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
Info pane in Network Utility
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)


41. Locate system version - build number - serial number location
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
Describe containers in the file system


42. How does Mac OS X's built-in firewall work? What advanced firewall settings are available?
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps


43. Utilities available from OS X install DVD
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen


44. How does the Finder's secure empty trash work?
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.
It does a 7-pass erase.
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.


45. What does the firmware do? What is the POST?

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46. How do you further resolve and issue that disappears when the Mac successfully safe-boots?
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.


47. How do you use disk utility to burn an optical disk?
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations


48. What is the purpose of IP addresses and subnet masks? What is their format?
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.


49. What is the potential side effect of improperly unmounting or ejecting a volume?
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.
May cause data corruption


50. How do Mac OS X computers acquire and use link-local TCP/IP addresses?

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