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ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, apple

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What three methods can be used to select the start-up disk?
To run commands as the root user
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on

2. What does a keychain do?
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.

3. Five types of accounts in 10.6
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
Describe containers in the file system
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root

4. 3 Main components of a typical command
command - options - arguments
computer hostname - working directory - user account
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.

5. Security risks & account types
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.

6. What is a Kerberos Ticket and KDC?

7. What are the differences between ZIP archives and Disk Images?
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.
May cause data corruption

8. What are some common file flags and extended attributes used by Mac OS X?
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.
To run commands as the root user

9. What interfaces and protocols are supported by default in in Mac OS X?
Too many to list. Hehe.
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
Finder get info - command line run ls -l

10. What are PPD files responsible for?
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.
Users' passwords must be stored in a special format - which is less secure - and must be explicitly enabled.

11. What network services are provided by your Mac to facilitate Internet sharing? What options are available for Internet sharing your Mac's AirPort wireless Ethernet interface?
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos

12. Folder/directories
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
Describe containers in the file system
ls

13. What is a device driver? What three primary types of device drivers are there?
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
To run commands as the root user

14. What are the three primary steps for setting up bootcamp?
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.

15. What are five common directory services and authentication services troubleshooting techniques?
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
Info pane in Network Utility
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD

16. How do you provide Mac OS X file sharing services so that other computers can access them?

17. How does the IP addresses use the MAC address to send messages between computers on a LAN?

18. Why does the Finder hider certain folders at the root of the system volume?

19. What are five application environments supported by Mac OS X and what are they used for?
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)

20. What is the purpose of IP addresses and subnet masks? What is their format?
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d

21. How do you use the finder's burn folder feature?
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
Users' public folders
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar

22. What are the min sys req for BootCamp?
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.
It does a 7-pass erase.
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)

23. What is protected memory? What is 64 bit memory addressing?
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD

24. How can you identify the MAC Addresses for all of the Mac's network interfaces?
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.
Info pane in Network Utility
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder

25. What three common unix commands support Mac filesystem metadata?
May cause data corruption
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
cp - mv - rm

26. What is the difference between launch daemons - startup items - launch agents - and login items?

27. How does resetting the master filevault password affect existing filevault user accounts?
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.
It does a 7-pass erase.
System Profiler

28. What shared items are accessible to an administrator who connects via AFP or SMB? What about a standard user?

29. How does the IP transfer messages between computers on a WAN?

30. What two dynamic network service discovery protocols are supported by Mac OS X?
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
Info pane in Network Utility

31. What 4 methods can be used to eject a volume from the finder?
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS

32. How do permissions in the Finder appear different than those in the terminal?
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.

33. How does resetting a user's password as an admin user affect their keychain?
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language

34. Why is the root of a user's home folder visible to others?
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH

35. Path
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
Admins have access to any locally-connected volume whereas standard users can only access their home folders and other user's Public folders.

36. What are they advantages of code-signing?
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings

37. What are three common troubleshooting techniques for issues involving failure to connect to network services?
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.

38. What items are automatically started by system launchd during the system initialization process?
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility

39. What are the device classes used by Mac OS X to categorize peripherals? What are some examples of each class?
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.

40. How do kerberos and keychain system differ for managing authentication services?
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.
Full directions to a specific item
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.

41. 6 Reasons to use the CLI
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD

42. Utilities available from OS X install DVD
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)

43. What is the safe boot keyboard combo?
Hold down shift on startup
The computer's website files are located in /Library/WebServer/Documents and each users' is inside ~/Sites
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences

44. What are the primary differences between local - network - and mobile accounts?
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root

45. 6 volumes supported by OS X
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing

46. What does 'ignore volume ownership' do in the Finder?
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.

47. How is Disk utility's verify and repair feature used?

48. What items are shared by default to all users?

49. What files are associated with the computer's website? What about the users' websites?

50. What items are not loaded when Mac OS X safe boots?
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
They're used to combine complex items into individual folders. Packages appear as a single item.
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.