ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How does Time Machine maintain a backup history of the system?

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2. What are the three primary steps for setting up bootcamp?
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
Nothing.


3. Utilities available from OS X install DVD
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
Single partition drives are easier to setup initially - but aren't as flexible for admin/maintenance. Multiple can segregate data
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility


4. Folder/directories
Describe containers in the file system
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.


5. What does 'ignore volume ownership' do in the Finder?
Single partition drives are easier to setup initially - but aren't as flexible for admin/maintenance. Multiple can segregate data
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.


6. 6 volumes supported by OS X
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.
It does a 7-pass erase.
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.


7. Best command to list items in a folder?
ls
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
Nothing.
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar


8. How does the default organization of the filesystem allow users to safely share local files and folder?
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?


9. Default 9 home folder folders?
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.
Info pane in Network Utility


10. Difference between disk drives - partition - and volume

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11. What does iSync do?
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.


12. What is the sticky bit?

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13. What is protected memory? What is 64 bit memory addressing?
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.


14. How does Mac OS X's built-in firewall work? What advanced firewall settings are available?
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.


15. What are the four erase options in disk utility?

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16. What backup destinations does Time Machine support?
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.


17. How do you use disk utility to burn an optical disk?
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
The client uses the subnet mask to decide if the client is on the LAN. If it's not on the LAN - then it sends the data to the IP address of the local router. Traffic continues through routers until it reaches the destination.
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder


18. What items are shared by default to all users?

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19. 3 Main components of a typical command
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
command - options - arguments
Users' public folders
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root


20. What type of files are omitted from time machine backups?
Applications - Library - System - Users
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.


21. How do you share printers with other Mac and Windows users?

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22. How does the spotlight search service use metadata?
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S


23. What client-sharing services can Mac OS X provide?
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
cat - less
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing


24. What is the relationship between clients and servers as it relates to network service access?
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.


25. Which two commands can read text files?
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
cat - less


26. What items are automatically started by system launchd during the system initialization process?
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.


27. How does the system determine what app to use to open a file?
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.
Info pane in Network Utility
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.


28. Three minium requirements for creating a command line script
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.
Single partition drives are easier to setup initially - but aren't as flexible for admin/maintenance. Multiple can segregate data


29. How does the IP transfer messages between computers on a WAN?

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30. What happens during user log-out?

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31. What differentiates RAID 0 from RAID 1?
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
Admins have access to any locally-connected volume whereas standard users can only access their home folders and other user's Public folders.


32. Four methods to access CLI
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.


33. What are three common authentication methods?
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
The client uses the subnet mask to decide if the client is on the LAN. If it's not on the LAN - then it sends the data to the IP address of the local router. Traffic continues through routers until it reaches the destination.
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.


34. What is the safe boot keyboard combo?
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
Hold down shift on startup


35. How does resetting the master filevault password affect existing filevault user accounts?
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
cat - less
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.


36. Account attributes
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.


37. How does file-fault secure a user's data?
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).


38. How can you limit a user account?
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
Parental controls
Users' public folders
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.


39. What are six common system resources? What purpose does each one serve and where are they located?
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.


40. What role does system launchd play in the system start-up?
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.


41. What process or processes are responsible for dashboard widgets?
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.


42. Why does the Finder hider certain folders at the root of the system volume?

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43. How is the DOmain Name Service used to facilitate network naming?
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.
System Profiler


44. What four Directory Service types can used in Mac OS X?
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD


45. What two dynamic network service discovery protocols are supported by Mac OS X?
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
To run commands as the root user
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS


46. What are five application environments supported by Mac OS X and what are they used for?
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.


47. How can you identify the MAC Addresses for all of the Mac's network interfaces?
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
Info pane in Network Utility
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.


48. What are resource forks and why have they fallen out of favor?

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49. How does Mac OS X use dynamic network discovery protocols to access network services?
Describe containers in the file system
computer hostname - working directory - user account
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase


50. Five types of accounts in 10.6
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder