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ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, apple

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How do permissions in the Finder appear different than those in the terminal?
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
Parental controls
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.

2. What 4 methods can be used to eject a volume from the finder?
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV

3. Three minium requirements for creating a command line script
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
The client uses the subnet mask to decide if the client is on the LAN. If it's not on the LAN - then it sends the data to the IP address of the local router. Traffic continues through routers until it reaches the destination.
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution

4. Account attributes
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.

5. What is the difference between launch daemons - startup items - launch agents - and login items?

6. What 3 types of resource contention issues can occur when fast user switching is enabled?
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on

7. Absolute path
Full directions to a specific item
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files

8. How does Time Machine maintain a backup history of the system?

9. What are the primary differences between local - network - and mobile accounts?
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.

10. How can you limit a user account?
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
Parental controls
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
Users' public folders

11. How does the IP transfer messages between computers on a WAN?

12. What is sudo used for?
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
To run commands as the root user

13. How does the firmware password help secure against password changes?
Users' public folders
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.

14. What shared items are accessible to any user who connects via FTP?

15. What happens during user log-out?

16. How can you identify the type of a particular application?
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.

17. What does Mac OS X use bundles or packages for?

18. What is a directory as it relates to directory services?
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.

19. What are the device classes used by Mac OS X to categorize peripherals? What are some examples of each class?
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.

20. Default 9 home folder folders?
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
System Profiler
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
To run commands as the root user

21. What process or processes are responsible for dashboard widgets?
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
May cause data corruption
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.

22. How does the Finder's secure empty trash work?
It does a 7-pass erase.
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language

23. 6 Reasons to use the CLI
It does a 7-pass erase.
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.

24. Best command to list items in a folder?
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
ls

25. How do Mac OS X computers acquire and use link-local TCP/IP addresses?

26. What does the problem-reporting feature do?
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
cp - mv - rm

27. How do you use disk utility to burn an optical disk?
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn

28. What is Rosetta and what types of items are not supported by Rosetta?
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps

29. What does the firmware do? What is the POST?

30. How does network service order affect network connectivity?
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
The client uses the subnet mask to decide if the client is on the LAN. If it's not on the LAN - then it sends the data to the IP address of the local router. Traffic continues through routers until it reaches the destination.

31. What are five application environments supported by Mac OS X and what are they used for?
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)

32. What are four common issues that can interrupt network services on a Mac OS X computer?
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language

33. How do kerberos and keychain system differ for managing authentication services?
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)

34. Folder/directories
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
Describe containers in the file system

35. Security risks & account types
To run commands as the root user
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files

36. How does file-fault secure a user's data?
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.
It does a 7-pass erase.
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image

37. What are the four default top-level folders available in the Finder?
It addresses the outgoing packets based on the destination device's MAC address
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
Applications - Library - System - Users
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root

38. What are seven common types of resources Mac OS X can access from a directory service?
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
Too many to list. Hehe.
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.

39. What files are associated with the computer's website? What about the users' websites?

40. How does the spotlight search service use metadata?
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
Admins have access to any locally-connected volume whereas standard users can only access their home folders and other user's Public folders.
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution

41. How does the IP addresses use the MAC address to send messages between computers on a LAN?

42. What steps should you take when troubleshooting app issues?
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.
It does a 7-pass erase.
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.

43. What items are shared by default to all users?

44. What type of files are omitted from time machine backups?
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
The computer's website files are located in /Library/WebServer/Documents and each users' is inside ~/Sites

45. What three common unix commands support Mac filesystem metadata?
System Profiler
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
cp - mv - rm

46. How does the system determine what app to use to open a file?
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
command - options - arguments

47. Which two commands can read text files?
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.
cat - less
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.

48. What are resource forks and why have they fallen out of favor?

49. How do you provide Mac OS X file sharing services so that other computers can access them?

50. Advantages/disadvantages of single/multiple partition drives in OS X