ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How does the IP transfer messages between computers on a WAN?

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2. How do you use the finder's burn folder feature?
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.
It addresses the outgoing packets based on the destination device's MAC address


3. Folder/directories
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.
Describe containers in the file system
Admins have access to any locally-connected volume whereas standard users can only access their home folders and other user's Public folders.
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.


4. What is protected memory? What is 64 bit memory addressing?
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
It addresses the outgoing packets based on the destination device's MAC address


5. How does network service order affect network connectivity?
It addresses the outgoing packets based on the destination device's MAC address
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.


6. What role does system launchd play in the system start-up?
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.


7. Why does the Finder hider certain folders at the root of the system volume?

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8. What is a directory as it relates to directory services?
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.


9. What client-sharing services can Mac OS X provide?
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
ls
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
based on the user's current location


10. What are six common system resources? What purpose does each one serve and where are they located?
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d


11. Four prep steps before installing
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
May cause data corruption
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.


12. What are the primary system initialization stages and user environment stages in Mac OS X and what order do they start?
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
Users' passwords must be stored in a special format - which is less secure - and must be explicitly enabled.
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem


13. How does Mac OS X use dynamic network discovery protocols to access network services?
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.


14. Where does spotlight store its metadata index databases? How about the plugins?

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15. What are four common issues that can interrupt network services on a Mac OS X computer?
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.


16. 3 Main components of a typical command
command - options - arguments
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.


17. What items are not loaded when Mac OS X safe boots?
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
The computer's website files are located in /Library/WebServer/Documents and each users' is inside ~/Sites
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.


18. How does resetting the master filevault password affect existing filevault user accounts?
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.


19. What 4 methods can be used to eject a volume from the finder?
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue


20. What are three common authentication methods?
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.


21. What items are automatically started by system launchd during the system initialization process?
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location


22. How can you force quit an app from the GUI?
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu


23. What five network file services can you connect to from the Finder's Connect To Server dialog?
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences


24. What are the device classes used by Mac OS X to categorize peripherals? What are some examples of each class?
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
command - options - arguments


25. What are the four erase options in disk utility?

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26. What does the problem-reporting feature do?
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.


27. What is the safe boot keyboard combo?
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.
Hold down shift on startup
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.


28. What three common unix commands support Mac filesystem metadata?
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
cp - mv - rm
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.


29. How does the IP addresses use the MAC address to send messages between computers on a LAN?

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30. How does the spotlight search service use metadata?
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.


31. What are some known issues that arise when connecting to network file services?
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
System Profiler
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.


32. What happens during system shutdown?
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings


33. What is authentication and authorization?
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
Users' passwords must be stored in a special format - which is less secure - and must be explicitly enabled.
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?


34. Best command to list items in a folder?
ls
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.
Info pane in Network Utility


35. How is Disk utility's verify and repair feature used?

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36. What functionality does 10.6 support with AppleTalk?
command - options - arguments
Nothing.
cp - mv - rm
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.


37. What network services are provided by your Mac to facilitate Internet sharing? What options are available for Internet sharing your Mac's AirPort wireless Ethernet interface?
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
It does a 7-pass erase.
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.


38. How does the Finder's secure empty trash work?
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
It does a 7-pass erase.
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn


39. What are seven common types of resources Mac OS X can access from a directory service?
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.


40. Five types of accounts in 10.6
To run commands as the root user
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
Hold down shift on startup


41. 6 volumes supported by OS X
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.


42. What shared items are accessible to any user who connects via FTP?

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43. What are five application environments supported by Mac OS X and what are they used for?
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.


44. What are the differences between ZIP archives and Disk Images?
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
Finder get info - command line run ls -l


45. How is the DOmain Name Service used to facilitate network naming?
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.


46. What items are shared by default to all users?

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47. What are the min sys req for BootCamp?
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
Single partition drives are easier to setup initially - but aren't as flexible for admin/maintenance. Multiple can segregate data
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.


48. What is Rosetta and what types of items are not supported by Rosetta?
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.
System Profiler
computer hostname - working directory - user account
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps


49. What four Directory Service types can used in Mac OS X?
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings


50. How are items inside the Finder's Network folder populated?
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
Admins have access to any locally-connected volume whereas standard users can only access their home folders and other user's Public folders.
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV