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ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, apple

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is protected memory? What is 64 bit memory addressing?
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
The computer's website files are located in /Library/WebServer/Documents and each users' is inside ~/Sites

2. What are some known issues that arise when connecting to network file services?
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
Info pane in Network Utility
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar

3. What differentiates RAID 0 from RAID 1?
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.

4. What is the relationship between clients and servers as it relates to network service access?
cat - less
Users' passwords must be stored in a special format - which is less secure - and must be explicitly enabled.
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.
Client software is used to access services provided by a server

5. What are the two primary automation technologies for the GUI?
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image

6. Path
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.
cat - less

7. Four methods to access CLI
To run commands as the root user
Too many to list. Hehe.
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH

8. Relative path

9. What items are not loaded when Mac OS X safe boots?
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.

10. What role does system launchd play in the system start-up?
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.

11. Why is the root of a user's home folder visible to others?
based on the user's current location
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.

12. What are some security concerns with spotlight?
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
The client uses the subnet mask to decide if the client is on the LAN. If it's not on the LAN - then it sends the data to the IP address of the local router. Traffic continues through routers until it reaches the destination.
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar

13. What is a device driver? What three primary types of device drivers are there?
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.

14. Five types of accounts in 10.6
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
System Profiler
Admins have access to any locally-connected volume whereas standard users can only access their home folders and other user's Public folders.

15. How do you share printers with other Mac and Windows users?

16. What are four common issues that can interrupt network services on a Mac OS X computer?
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)

17. What are the primary system initialization stages and user environment stages in Mac OS X and what order do they start?
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.

18. Where are preferences stored? What format is generally used?
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
Client software is used to access services provided by a server

19. How does resetting a user's password as an admin user affect their keychain?
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.

20. What does a keychain do?
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.

21. Folder/directories
Describe containers in the file system
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH

22. What items are automatically started by system launchd during the system initialization process?
Applications - Library - System - Users
They're used to combine complex items into individual folders. Packages appear as a single item.
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)

23. What are seven common types of resources Mac OS X can access from a directory service?
Describe containers in the file system
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.

24. What does 'ignore volume ownership' do in the Finder?
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.

25. What is the relationship between a network service and a network port?
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
They're used to combine complex items into individual folders. Packages appear as a single item.
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler

26. How do you provide Mac OS X file sharing services so that other computers can access them?

27. How is Disk utility's verify and repair feature used?

28. Why is time machine bad at backing up large databases?
To run commands as the root user
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.

29. How does network service order affect network connectivity?
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV

30. How does the spotlight search service use metadata?
Describe containers in the file system
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
cat - less

31. How can you force quit an app from the GUI?
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
It does a 7-pass erase.

32. What steps should you take when troubleshooting app issues?
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.
May cause data corruption

33. 3 Main components of a typical command
command - options - arguments
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S
Nothing.

34. What shared items are accessible to any user who connects via FTP?

35. What are three common troubleshooting techniques for issues involving failure to connect to network services?
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.
Info pane in Network Utility
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services

36. How do you use the finder's burn folder feature?
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.

37. What are the visual or audible cues for each system initialization stage?
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage

38. What files are associated with the computer's website? What about the users' websites?

39. How does the IP addresses use the MAC address to send messages between computers on a LAN?

40. How can you identify which apps are installed on a Mac?
System Profiler
Too many to list. Hehe.
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.

41. What are three common authentication methods?
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
Applications - Library - System - Users
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.

42. 3 Default items in CLI prompt
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
computer hostname - working directory - user account
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.

43. What 3 types of resource contention issues can occur when fast user switching is enabled?
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.

44. What functionality does 10.6 support with AppleTalk?
Nothing.
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.

45. 6 volumes supported by OS X
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
computer hostname - working directory - user account

46. What are resource forks and why have they fallen out of favor?

47. How does Boot Camp work?
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
Admins have access to any locally-connected volume whereas standard users can only access their home folders and other user's Public folders.
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.

48. What is the potential side effect of improperly unmounting or ejecting a volume?
May cause data corruption
It addresses the outgoing packets based on the destination device's MAC address
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.

49. How can you limit a user account?
cp - mv - rm
Parental controls
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
Finder get info - command line run ls -l

50. What are the differences between ZIP archives and Disk Images?
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
They're used to combine complex items into individual folders. Packages appear as a single item.