Test your basic knowledge |

ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, apple

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are some security concerns with spotlight?
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue

2. How do you further resolve and issue that disappears when the Mac successfully safe-boots?
Hold down shift on startup
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.

3. How does resetting the master filevault password affect existing filevault user accounts?
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
cp - mv - rm

4. What 4 methods can be used to eject a volume from the finder?
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.

5. What items are automatically started by system launchd during the system initialization process?
ls
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.

6. What three common unix commands support Mac filesystem metadata?
cp - mv - rm
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.

7. How can you force quit an app from the GUI?
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing

8. How can you identify which apps are installed on a Mac?
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
Users' passwords must be stored in a special format - which is less secure - and must be explicitly enabled.
System Profiler
Describe containers in the file system

9. What shared items are accessible to any user who connects via FTP?

10. How does file-fault secure a user's data?
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
Too many to list. Hehe.

11. How does Mac OS X's built-in firewall work? What advanced firewall settings are available?
cp - mv - rm
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.

12. What items are not loaded when Mac OS X safe boots?
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility

13. Best command to list items in a folder?
Admins have access to any locally-connected volume whereas standard users can only access their home folders and other user's Public folders.
ls
It addresses the outgoing packets based on the destination device's MAC address
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility

14. Difference between disk drives - partition - and volume

15. What are they advantages of code-signing?
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.

16. What are the primary system initialization stages and user environment stages in Mac OS X and what order do they start?
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing

17. What are the primary differences between local - network - and mobile accounts?
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.

18. Five types of accounts in 10.6
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root

19. What are four advantages of using network directory services to store account information?
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
Info pane in Network Utility
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.

20. How can you identify the MAC Addresses for all of the Mac's network interfaces?
Info pane in Network Utility
Single partition drives are easier to setup initially - but aren't as flexible for admin/maintenance. Multiple can segregate data
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.

21. What is the difference between launch daemons - startup items - launch agents - and login items?

22. Two primary partition schemes for mac formatted drives?
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
Parental controls
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.

23. How does the Finder's secure empty trash work?
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.
It does a 7-pass erase.

24. How are the permissions on the shared folder set to allow local user sharing?
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.

25. What does iSync do?
Full directions to a specific item
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.

26. Folder/directories
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
Describe containers in the file system

27. How does the spotlight search service use metadata?
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.

28. How does Boot Camp work?
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH

29. How do Mac OS X computers acquire and use link-local TCP/IP addresses?

30. What are some known issues that arise when connecting to network file services?
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
It does a 7-pass erase.
The client uses the subnet mask to decide if the client is on the LAN. If it's not on the LAN - then it sends the data to the IP address of the local router. Traffic continues through routers until it reaches the destination.

31. Why does the Finder hider certain folders at the root of the system volume?

32. What files are associated with the computer's website? What about the users' websites?

33. How does Time Machine maintain a backup history of the system?

34. How does the system determine what app to use to open a file?
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
System Profiler
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.

35. How does the IP addresses use the MAC address to send messages between computers on a LAN?

36. How do you use disk utility to burn an optical disk?
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.

37. Security risks & account types
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files

38. What items are shared by default to all users?

39. What three methods can be used to select the start-up disk?
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
May cause data corruption
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.

40. How do you use the finder's burn folder feature?
ls
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
System Profiler

41. What are four common issues that can interrupt network services on a Mac OS X computer?
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
computer hostname - working directory - user account
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?

42. What are the min sys req for BootCamp?
Info pane in Network Utility
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.

43. What is the sticky bit?

44. How can you limit a user account?
Parental controls
Info pane in Network Utility
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.

45. Default 9 home folder folders?
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
May cause data corruption
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.

46. How do you identify ownership and permissions of a file or folder in the Finder? In the command line?
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.

47. What four Directory Service types can used in Mac OS X?
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.

48. How does network service order affect network connectivity?
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.

49. What are five common directory services and authentication services troubleshooting techniques?
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.

50. What does CUPS do?
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.