ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What backup destinations does Time Machine support?
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?


2. Best command to list items in a folder?
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
ls
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS


3. What are the differences between ZIP archives and Disk Images?
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
The client uses the subnet mask to decide if the client is on the LAN. If it's not on the LAN - then it sends the data to the IP address of the local router. Traffic continues through routers until it reaches the destination.
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
Finder get info - command line run ls -l


4. What are the four erase options in disk utility?

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5. What interfaces and protocols are supported by default in in Mac OS X?
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
Too many to list. Hehe.
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.


6. What are they advantages of code-signing?
Too many to list. Hehe.
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.


7. What process or processes are responsible for dashboard widgets?
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder


8. How does file system journaling work?
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.


9. What are the visual or audible cues for each system initialization stage?
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen


10. How do you use disk utility to burn an optical disk?
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn


11. How do permissions in the Finder appear different than those in the terminal?
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.


12. What shared items are accessible to an administrator who connects via AFP or SMB? What about a standard user?

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13. What are seven common types of resources Mac OS X can access from a directory service?
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.
Hold down shift on startup


14. Security risks & account types
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.


15. How does the IP transfer messages between computers on a WAN?

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16. What does the problem-reporting feature do?
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.


17. How is the DOmain Name Service used to facilitate network naming?
Too many to list. Hehe.
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.


18. What are some security concerns with spotlight?
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
based on the user's current location
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.


19. Why does the Finder hider certain folders at the root of the system volume?

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20. What 3 types of resource contention issues can occur when fast user switching is enabled?
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences


21. What steps should you take when troubleshooting app issues?
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.


22. What differentiates RAID 0 from RAID 1?
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
Describe containers in the file system


23. How is Disk utility's verify and repair feature used?

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24. Different between absolute and relative path
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.


25. What items are shared by default to all users?

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26. What is a device driver? What three primary types of device drivers are there?
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
Too many to list. Hehe.
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.


27. How can you identify the MAC Addresses for all of the Mac's network interfaces?
It does a 7-pass erase.
Info pane in Network Utility
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.


28. How does Boot Camp work?
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution


29. How do you provide Mac OS X file sharing services so that other computers can access them?

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30. What role does loginwindow serve in system start-up?
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)


31. Utilities available from OS X install DVD
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
Applications - Library - System - Users


32. What two methods can be used to hide items from the Finder?
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM


33. What is the difference between safe boot - safe mode - and safe login?
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on


34. Two primary partition schemes for mac formatted drives?
The client uses the subnet mask to decide if the client is on the LAN. If it's not on the LAN - then it sends the data to the IP address of the local router. Traffic continues through routers until it reaches the destination.
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
Applications - Library - System - Users
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image


35. Four prep steps before installing
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.


36. How does Time Machine maintain a backup history of the system?

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37. How does Mac OS X use dynamic network discovery protocols to access network services?
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos


38. What do the terms interface - protocol - and service mean in relation to computer networks?
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
command - options - arguments
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.


39. What is the sticky bit?

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40. Security risk with fast user switching?
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility


41. How do Mac OS X computers acquire and use link-local TCP/IP addresses?

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42. How does network service order affect network connectivity?
The computer's website files are located in /Library/WebServer/Documents and each users' is inside ~/Sites
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.


43. What does CUPS do?
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.
Info pane in Network Utility
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.


44. How can you force quit an app from the GUI?
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.
command - options - arguments


45. What happens during user log-out?

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46. How does the spotlight search service use metadata?
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.


47. How can you limit a user account?
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
Parental controls
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.


48. What four Directory Service types can used in Mac OS X?
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.


49. What are five common directory services and authentication services troubleshooting techniques?
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
To run commands as the root user


50. What are the four default top-level folders available in the Finder?
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.
Applications - Library - System - Users
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)