ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What backup destinations does Time Machine support?
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.


2. Four prep steps before installing
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location


3. 6 Reasons to use the CLI
May cause data corruption
Full directions to a specific item
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.


4. How does resetting the master filevault password affect existing filevault user accounts?
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root


5. What three methods can be used to select the start-up disk?
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.
Info pane in Network Utility


6. How does the Finder's secure empty trash work?
computer hostname - working directory - user account
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
It does a 7-pass erase.
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.


7. How is the DOmain Name Service used to facilitate network naming?
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?


8. What is the difference between safe boot - safe mode - and safe login?
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.
Applications - Library - System - Users
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.


9. What client-sharing services can Mac OS X provide?
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen


10. What five network file services can you connect to from the Finder's Connect To Server dialog?
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV


11. Security risks & account types
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.


12. What shared items are accessible to an administrator who connects via AFP or SMB? What about a standard user?

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13. What differentiates RAID 0 from RAID 1?
They're used to combine complex items into individual folders. Packages appear as a single item.
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s


14. How does the default organization of the filesystem allow users to safely share local files and folder?
They're used to combine complex items into individual folders. Packages appear as a single item.
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
Describe containers in the file system


15. Which two commands can read text files?
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S
cat - less
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing


16. How can you force quit an app from the GUI?
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
Too many to list. Hehe.
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase


17. What are they advantages of code-signing?
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.


18. Min hardware requirements for 10.6
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
Applications - Library - System - Users
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.


19. What does the problem-reporting feature do?
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
It does a 7-pass erase.
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.


20. How does the IP transfer messages between computers on a WAN?

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21. What is the sticky bit?

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22. What are five common directory services and authentication services troubleshooting techniques?
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.


23. How does Mac OS X use dynamic network discovery protocols to access network services?
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul


24. What is the potential side effect of improperly unmounting or ejecting a volume?
System Profiler
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
May cause data corruption
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.


25. What two methods can be used to hide items from the Finder?
Single partition drives are easier to setup initially - but aren't as flexible for admin/maintenance. Multiple can segregate data
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.


26. How are the permissions on the shared folder set to allow local user sharing?
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.
To run commands as the root user
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.


27. What files are associated with the computer's website? What about the users' websites?

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28. What are the two primary automation technologies for the GUI?
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.


29. What items are shared by default to all users?

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30. What is a device driver? What three primary types of device drivers are there?
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.


31. What are some common file flags and extended attributes used by Mac OS X?
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
Users' public folders
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.


32. What 4 methods can be used to eject a volume from the finder?
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
ls


33. What two dynamic network service discovery protocols are supported by Mac OS X?
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS


34. Why is the root of a user's home folder visible to others?
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
cp - mv - rm
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder


35. Best command to list items in a folder?
Single partition drives are easier to setup initially - but aren't as flexible for admin/maintenance. Multiple can segregate data
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
ls


36. How do you provide Mac OS X web-sharing services?
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences


37. 6 volumes supported by OS X
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
It does a 7-pass erase.
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF


38. What type of files are omitted from time machine backups?
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.


39. What are the primary system initialization stages and user environment stages in Mac OS X and what order do they start?
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing


40. What are the four erase options in disk utility?

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41. How does Mac OS X's built-in firewall work? What advanced firewall settings are available?
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul


42. Locate system version - build number - serial number location
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location


43. How do you share printers with other Mac and Windows users?

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44. What four Directory Service types can used in Mac OS X?
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.


45. What is the relationship between a network service and a network port?
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
Parental controls
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.


46. What do the terms interface - protocol - and service mean in relation to computer networks?
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.


47. What are the device classes used by Mac OS X to categorize peripherals? What are some examples of each class?
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.


48. Why does the Finder hider certain folders at the root of the system volume?

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49. Where are preferences stored? What format is generally used?
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
computer hostname - working directory - user account
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.
The computer's website files are located in /Library/WebServer/Documents and each users' is inside ~/Sites


50. What are five application environments supported by Mac OS X and what are they used for?
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.