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ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, apple

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What two dynamic network service discovery protocols are supported by Mac OS X?
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS

2. What is target disk mode and how is it engaged?
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings

3. What items are automatically started by system launchd during the system initialization process?
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
Too many to list. Hehe.
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul

4. What are the visual or audible cues for each system initialization stage?
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
Parental controls

5. Default install packages
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD

6. What two methods can be used to hide items from the Finder?
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase

7. What happens during system shutdown?
cat - less
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.

8. What are resource forks and why have they fallen out of favor?

9. Where does spotlight store its metadata index databases? How about the plugins?

10. How does Boot Camp work?
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.

11. Five types of accounts in 10.6
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing

12. What is the purpose of IP addresses and subnet masks? What is their format?
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d

13. Why is time machine bad at backing up large databases?
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
Users' public folders
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.

14. How do you provide Mac OS X web-sharing services?
Nothing.
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
To run commands as the root user

15. What are some common file flags and extended attributes used by Mac OS X?
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.

16. Min hardware requirements for 10.6
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.

17. How can you identify the type of a particular application?
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
cp - mv - rm

18. What happens during user log-out?

19. What password issues may arise related to the SMB service?

20. Difference between disk drives - partition - and volume

21. Three minium requirements for creating a command line script
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS

22. How does Mac OS X use dynamic network discovery protocols to access network services?
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.

23. How are the permissions on the shared folder set to allow local user sharing?
Single partition drives are easier to setup initially - but aren't as flexible for admin/maintenance. Multiple can segregate data
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.

24. What client-sharing services can Mac OS X provide?
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.

25. What are the two primary automation technologies for the GUI?
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
It does a 7-pass erase.

26. Security risks & account types
Applications - Library - System - Users
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.

27. What does the firmware do? What is the POST?

28. Four methods to access CLI
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.

29. What are the three primary steps for setting up bootcamp?
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
Users' public folders
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.

30. How is Disk utility's verify and repair feature used?

31. Security risk with fast user switching?
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.

32. Two primary partition schemes for mac formatted drives?
To run commands as the root user
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs

33. What is sudo used for?
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.
To run commands as the root user

34. Why is the root of a user's home folder visible to others?
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.

35. What is authentication and authorization?
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage

36. How does the Finder's secure empty trash work?
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.
ls
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
It does a 7-pass erase.

37. Advantages/disadvantages of single/multiple partition drives in OS X

38. What interfaces and protocols are supported by default in in Mac OS X?
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
Too many to list. Hehe.
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).

39. How does Mac OS X's built-in firewall work? What advanced firewall settings are available?
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD

40. How can you identify the MAC Addresses for all of the Mac's network interfaces?
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
The computer's website files are located in /Library/WebServer/Documents and each users' is inside ~/Sites
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.
Info pane in Network Utility

41. How does the spotlight search service use metadata?
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.
based on the user's current location
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility

42. What is the potential side effect of improperly unmounting or ejecting a volume?
May cause data corruption
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
The computer's website files are located in /Library/WebServer/Documents and each users' is inside ~/Sites
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.

43. Which two commands can read text files?
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
cat - less
To run commands as the root user
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM

44. What are four common issues that can interrupt network services on a Mac OS X computer?
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
Users' public folders
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue

45. What does Mac OS X use bundles or packages for?

46. 3 Default items in CLI prompt
computer hostname - working directory - user account
It does a 7-pass erase.
Nothing.
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.

47. How does the IP transfer messages between computers on a WAN?

48. What is the safe boot keyboard combo?
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
Hold down shift on startup
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d

49. What are the min sys req for BootCamp?
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.

50. What files are associated with the computer's website? What about the users' websites?