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ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, apple

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What does CUPS do?
computer hostname - working directory - user account
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root

2. What are five common directory services and authentication services troubleshooting techniques?
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.

3. How do kerberos and keychain system differ for managing authentication services?
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.

4. How does the Finder's secure empty trash work?
It does a 7-pass erase.
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
Hold down shift on startup
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.

5. How does resetting the master filevault password affect existing filevault user accounts?
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
To run commands as the root user

6. How can you identify the type of a particular application?
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing

7. What interfaces and protocols are supported by default in in Mac OS X?
Too many to list. Hehe.
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
Nothing.
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD

8. Path
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler

9. What shared items are accessible to an administrator who connects via AFP or SMB? What about a standard user?

10. What four Directory Service types can used in Mac OS X?
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
computer hostname - working directory - user account
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD

11. What happens during system shutdown?
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.

12. How does Mac OS X use dynamic network discovery protocols to access network services?
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.

13. How does the IP transfer messages between computers on a WAN?

14. What are PPD files responsible for?
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d

15. Five types of accounts in 10.6
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
cp - mv - rm
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.

16. 3 Main components of a typical command
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.
command - options - arguments

17. Locate system version - build number - serial number location
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.

18. Best command to list items in a folder?
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.
ls
cp - mv - rm

19. What items are not loaded when Mac OS X safe boots?
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.

20. What does a keychain do?
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem

21. What backup destinations does Time Machine support?
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.

22. How is Disk utility's verify and repair feature used?

23. How can you identify which apps are installed on a Mac?
Full directions to a specific item
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
command - options - arguments
System Profiler

24. What happens during user log-out?

25. What is target disk mode and how is it engaged?
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM

26. 6 volumes supported by OS X
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
Describe containers in the file system

27. What two dynamic network service discovery protocols are supported by Mac OS X?
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS

28. How does the default organization of the filesystem allow users to safely share local files and folder?
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM

29. Why is time machine bad at backing up large databases?
The client uses the subnet mask to decide if the client is on the LAN. If it's not on the LAN - then it sends the data to the IP address of the local router. Traffic continues through routers until it reaches the destination.
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.

30. Account attributes
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.
based on the user's current location
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display

31. What are the visual or audible cues for each system initialization stage?
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
Nothing.
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root

32. Why does the Finder hider certain folders at the root of the system volume?

33. Different between absolute and relative path
Single partition drives are easier to setup initially - but aren't as flexible for admin/maintenance. Multiple can segregate data
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.

34. Absolute path
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
Full directions to a specific item

35. How is the DOmain Name Service used to facilitate network naming?
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences

36. Why might a previously backed-up item no longer be available in Time Machine?
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler

37. How does the spotlight search service use metadata?
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS

38. What is the difference between launch daemons - startup items - launch agents - and login items?

39. What do the terms interface - protocol - and service mean in relation to computer networks?
Single partition drives are easier to setup initially - but aren't as flexible for admin/maintenance. Multiple can segregate data
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
Info pane in Network Utility
Users' public folders

40. What three methods can be used to select the start-up disk?
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
computer hostname - working directory - user account
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos

41. What client-sharing services can Mac OS X provide?
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.

42. What 3 types of resource contention issues can occur when fast user switching is enabled?
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on

43. What are four advantages of using network directory services to store account information?
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
Users' passwords must be stored in a special format - which is less secure - and must be explicitly enabled.
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.

44. 3 Default items in CLI prompt
computer hostname - working directory - user account
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
Users' passwords must be stored in a special format - which is less secure - and must be explicitly enabled.
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.

45. How does the system determine what app to use to open a file?
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
System Profiler
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar

46. 6 Reasons to use the CLI
based on the user's current location
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
Full directions to a specific item
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD

47. What is a device driver? What three primary types of device drivers are there?
ls
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM

48. What 4 methods can be used to eject a volume from the finder?
Users' passwords must be stored in a special format - which is less secure - and must be explicitly enabled.
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar

49. What does the firmware do? What is the POST?

50. What is sudo used for?
To run commands as the root user
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.