ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How do you use the finder's burn folder feature?
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.


2. How do you share printers with other Mac and Windows users?

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3. Difference between disk drives - partition - and volume

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4. How can you force quit an app from the GUI?
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
To run commands as the root user


5. In the network preferences - how can you tell which interface is currently being used for network activities?
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.


6. What items are automatically started by system launchd during the system initialization process?
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at


7. What is the difference between launch daemons - startup items - launch agents - and login items?

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8. 3 Main components of a typical command
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
command - options - arguments
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.


9. What 3 types of resource contention issues can occur when fast user switching is enabled?
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences


10. What does iSync do?
It does a 7-pass erase.
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)


11. Advantages/disadvantages of single/multiple partition drives in OS X

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12. How does Mac OS X use dynamic network discovery protocols to access network services?
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
Parental controls
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations


13. What are six common system resources? What purpose does each one serve and where are they located?
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
May cause data corruption


14. Absolute path
Hold down shift on startup
Full directions to a specific item
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.


15. How does Time Machine maintain a backup history of the system?

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16. How does the spotlight search service use metadata?
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.


17. How are the permissions on the shared folder set to allow local user sharing?
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
It addresses the outgoing packets based on the destination device's MAC address
The client uses the subnet mask to decide if the client is on the LAN. If it's not on the LAN - then it sends the data to the IP address of the local router. Traffic continues through routers until it reaches the destination.


18. Min hardware requirements for 10.6
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.


19. Security risk with fast user switching?
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.


20. What two methods can be used to hide items from the Finder?
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
command - options - arguments
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings


21. 6 volumes supported by OS X
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF


22. Where are preferences stored? What format is generally used?
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
computer hostname - working directory - user account
Too many to list. Hehe.


23. What is target disk mode and how is it engaged?
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.


24. What are seven common types of resources Mac OS X can access from a directory service?
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.
ls
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.


25. What are the two primary automation technologies for the GUI?
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV


26. How do you provide Mac OS X file sharing services so that other computers can access them?

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27. What items are shared by default to all users?

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28. What client-sharing services can Mac OS X provide?
May cause data corruption
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files


29. What 4 methods can be used to eject a volume from the finder?
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
based on the user's current location
Describe containers in the file system
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations


30. What are five common directory services and authentication services troubleshooting techniques?
System Profiler
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.


31. Locate system version - build number - serial number location
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.


32. What does the firmware do? What is the POST?

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33. How does the firmware password help secure against password changes?
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.


34. What system preference enables the accessibility features of OS X - what are they - and where are the preferences stored?
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.


35. What are the visual or audible cues for each system initialization stage?
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
Users' public folders
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen


36. What shared items are accessible to any user who connects via FTP?

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37. How does the default organization of the filesystem allow users to safely share local files and folder?
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.


38. What three methods can be used to select the start-up disk?
Applications - Library - System - Users
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files


39. What are three common authentication methods?
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
ls


40. What role does loginwindow serve in system start-up?
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image


41. What five network file services can you connect to from the Finder's Connect To Server dialog?
Too many to list. Hehe.
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
based on the user's current location
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler


42. What is the sticky bit?

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43. How does the system determine what app to use to open a file?
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services


44. What are the primary system initialization stages and user environment stages in Mac OS X and what order do they start?
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.


45. How can you identify which apps are installed on a Mac?
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
System Profiler
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase


46. What differentiates RAID 0 from RAID 1?
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
ls


47. What is a Kerberos Ticket and KDC?

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48. What process or processes are responsible for dashboard widgets?
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
Users' public folders
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.


49. Which two commands can read text files?
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.
cat - less
Hold down shift on startup


50. Default install packages
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
cat - less