ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is authentication and authorization?
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
ls


2. How does file-fault secure a user's data?
Too many to list. Hehe.
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
computer hostname - working directory - user account


3. What does the problem-reporting feature do?
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
May cause data corruption


4. Two primary partition schemes for mac formatted drives?
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.


5. How does the spotlight search service use metadata?
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.
Client software is used to access services provided by a server


6. What two methods can be used to hide items from the Finder?
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.


7. What are the visual or audible cues for each system initialization stage?
Info pane in Network Utility
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
based on the user's current location
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.


8. What happens during system shutdown?
Users' public folders
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
command - options - arguments


9. What are the differences between ZIP archives and Disk Images?
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.


10. Where are preferences stored? What format is generally used?
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.
Too many to list. Hehe.
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.


11. How does file system journaling work?
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
Full directions to a specific item
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.


12. How does Mac OS X's built-in firewall work? What advanced firewall settings are available?
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
Nothing.


13. Security risk with fast user switching?
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
May cause data corruption


14. What is Rosetta and what types of items are not supported by Rosetta?
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
Full directions to a specific item


15. What are some security concerns with spotlight?
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.


16. What three common unix commands support Mac filesystem metadata?
cp - mv - rm
It does a 7-pass erase.
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs


17. What happens during user log-out?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


18. How do you provide Mac OS X file sharing services so that other computers can access them?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


19. 6 Reasons to use the CLI
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue


20. What are the four erase options in disk utility?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


21. Which two commands can read text files?
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
cat - less
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)


22. Locate system version - build number - serial number location
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.
ls
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF


23. How does the system determine what app to use to open a file?
It does a 7-pass erase.
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.


24. What is the difference between launch daemons - startup items - launch agents - and login items?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


25. What interfaces and protocols are supported by default in in Mac OS X?
May cause data corruption
Too many to list. Hehe.
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.
Hold down shift on startup


26. What 4 methods can be used to eject a volume from the finder?
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.


27. What password issues may arise related to the SMB service?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


28. Account attributes
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.


29. What are three common troubleshooting techniques for issues involving failure to connect to network services?
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at


30. Default 9 home folder folders?
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.


31. How are the permissions on the shared folder set to allow local user sharing?
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.


32. What is the relationship between clients and servers as it relates to network service access?
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
Users' passwords must be stored in a special format - which is less secure - and must be explicitly enabled.
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.


33. What functionality does 10.6 support with AppleTalk?
Nothing.
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.


34. What is a device driver? What three primary types of device drivers are there?
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS


35. How can you limit a user account?
Parental controls
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
Admins have access to any locally-connected volume whereas standard users can only access their home folders and other user's Public folders.


36. What is the sticky bit?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


37. How does Time Machine maintain a backup history of the system?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


38. What is target disk mode and how is it engaged?
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.


39. Folder/directories
Describe containers in the file system
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.


40. In the network preferences - how can you tell which interface is currently being used for network activities?
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.


41. Relative path

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


42. How do you provide Mac OS X web-sharing services?
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder


43. How does resetting a user's password as an admin user affect their keychain?
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
Nothing.
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen


44. What differentiates RAID 0 from RAID 1?
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH


45. What three methods can be used to select the start-up disk?
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.


46. How can you identify the MAC Addresses for all of the Mac's network interfaces?
Info pane in Network Utility
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
Describe containers in the file system


47. What are PPD files responsible for?
The client uses the subnet mask to decide if the client is on the LAN. If it's not on the LAN - then it sends the data to the IP address of the local router. Traffic continues through routers until it reaches the destination.
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.
command - options - arguments


48. How do you use the finder's burn folder feature?
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).


49. What are five common directory services and authentication services troubleshooting techniques?
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
cp - mv - rm


50. What are seven common types of resources Mac OS X can access from a directory service?
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
Admins have access to any locally-connected volume whereas standard users can only access their home folders and other user's Public folders.