Test your basic knowledge |

ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, apple

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What four Directory Service types can used in Mac OS X?
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.

2. How are the permissions on the shared folder set to allow local user sharing?
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase

3. What type of files are omitted from time machine backups?
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.

4. Utilities available from OS X install DVD
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility

5. What shared items are accessible to any user who connects via FTP?

6. How do you provide Mac OS X web-sharing services?
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S
Client software is used to access services provided by a server

7. Where are preferences stored? What format is generally used?
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S

8. 3 Default items in CLI prompt
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.
computer hostname - working directory - user account
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations

9. What happens during user log-out?

10. What are some security concerns with spotlight?
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.

11. What are the two primary automation technologies for the GUI?
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites

12. What role does loginwindow serve in system start-up?
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.

13. Different between absolute and relative path
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.

14. What shared items are accessible to an administrator who connects via AFP or SMB? What about a standard user?

15. How does Mac OS X's built-in firewall work? What advanced firewall settings are available?
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.

16. Four prep steps before installing
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH

17. How do you use disk utility to burn an optical disk?
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM

18. How does the IP addresses use the MAC address to send messages between computers on a LAN?

19. What is protected memory? What is 64 bit memory addressing?
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.

20. What two methods can be used to hide items from the Finder?
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
Hold down shift on startup
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.

21. Advantages/disadvantages of single/multiple partition drives in OS X

22. How does Boot Camp work?
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.

23. Default 9 home folder folders?
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites

24. How can you identify which apps are installed on a Mac?
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
System Profiler
Single partition drives are easier to setup initially - but aren't as flexible for admin/maintenance. Multiple can segregate data

25. What does CUPS do?
To run commands as the root user
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.

26. What is the potential side effect of improperly unmounting or ejecting a volume?
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
May cause data corruption
ls

27. How can you limit a user account?
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.
Parental controls

28. What is target disk mode and how is it engaged?
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.

29. What client-sharing services can Mac OS X provide?
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.

30. What are they advantages of code-signing?
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
To run commands as the root user

31. What files are associated with the computer's website? What about the users' websites?

32. What are the three primary steps for setting up bootcamp?
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
ls
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.

33. What items are automatically started by system launchd during the system initialization process?
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
Describe containers in the file system
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)

34. What are three common troubleshooting techniques for issues involving failure to connect to network services?
command - options - arguments
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
cat - less

35. What three methods can be used to select the start-up disk?
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
Full directions to a specific item
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.

36. What does iSync do?
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.

37. How are items inside the Finder's Network folder populated?
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.

38. Locate system version - build number - serial number location
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.
Too many to list. Hehe.
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.

39. How do you share printers with other Mac and Windows users?

40. 3 Main components of a typical command
Describe containers in the file system
command - options - arguments
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.

41. What happens during system shutdown?
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display

42. How do Mac OS X computers acquire and use link-local TCP/IP addresses?

43. What is the sticky bit?

44. 6 volumes supported by OS X
Describe containers in the file system
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
Users' passwords must be stored in a special format - which is less secure - and must be explicitly enabled.
The client uses the subnet mask to decide if the client is on the LAN. If it's not on the LAN - then it sends the data to the IP address of the local router. Traffic continues through routers until it reaches the destination.

45. What network services are provided by your Mac to facilitate Internet sharing? What options are available for Internet sharing your Mac's AirPort wireless Ethernet interface?
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.

46. What are the min sys req for BootCamp?
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.

47. Security risks & account types
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution

48. Difference between disk drives - partition - and volume

49. How does the firmware password help secure against password changes?
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM

50. What interfaces and protocols are supported by default in in Mac OS X?
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
Too many to list. Hehe.