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ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, apple

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are the min sys req for BootCamp?
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM

2. What differentiates RAID 0 from RAID 1?
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
Too many to list. Hehe.
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.

3. 3 Default items in CLI prompt
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
computer hostname - working directory - user account
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.
Users' passwords must be stored in a special format - which is less secure - and must be explicitly enabled.

4. How are the permissions on the shared folder set to allow local user sharing?
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.

5. How does the Finder's secure empty trash work?
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).
Single partition drives are easier to setup initially - but aren't as flexible for admin/maintenance. Multiple can segregate data
It does a 7-pass erase.
Finder get info - command line run ls -l

6. What are the primary differences between local - network - and mobile accounts?
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.

7. How do you share printers with other Mac and Windows users?
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.
The computer's website files are located in /Library/WebServer/Documents and each users' is inside ~/Sites

8. What are some known issues that arise when connecting to network file services?
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul

9. How does resetting the master filevault password affect existing filevault user accounts?
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
Hold down shift on startup

10. Why might a previously backed-up item no longer be available in Time Machine?
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.

11. What network services are provided by your Mac to facilitate Internet sharing? What options are available for Internet sharing your Mac's AirPort wireless Ethernet interface?
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
computer hostname - working directory - user account
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.

12. What is authentication and authorization?
Describe containers in the file system
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.

13. Utilities available from OS X install DVD
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
Nothing.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH

14. Account attributes
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.
May cause data corruption
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.

15. How does Time Machine maintain a backup history of the system?
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.

16. What are five application environments supported by Mac OS X and what are they used for?
ls
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.

17. 6 volumes supported by OS X
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.

18. How do you use disk utility to burn an optical disk?
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.

19. Different between absolute and relative path
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
Single partition drives are easier to setup initially - but aren't as flexible for admin/maintenance. Multiple can segregate data
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on

20. How can you force quit an app from the GUI?
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.

21. Four prep steps before installing
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
Users' public folders
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.
May cause data corruption

22. Four methods to access CLI
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH

23. What are five common directory services and authentication services troubleshooting techniques?
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.

24. What is the difference between safe boot - safe mode - and safe login?
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.

25. What shared items are accessible to any user who connects via FTP?
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on

26. How do you provide Mac OS X file sharing services so that other computers can access them?
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language

27. How does network service order affect network connectivity?
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.
Parental controls

28. What happens during system shutdown?
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.
It does a 7-pass erase.
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.

29. How are items inside the Finder's Network folder populated?
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar

30. What is a device driver? What three primary types of device drivers are there?
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
ls

31. How does the firmware password help secure against password changes?
Full directions to a specific item
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder

32. How can you limit a user account?
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
Parental controls

33. What items are not loaded when Mac OS X safe boots?
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
command - options - arguments
cp - mv - rm

34. How do you use the finder's burn folder feature?
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
It does a 7-pass erase.
System Profiler

35. How does the IP addresses use the MAC address to send messages between computers on a LAN?
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
Nothing.
It addresses the outgoing packets based on the destination device's MAC address
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage

36. What type of files are omitted from time machine backups?
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
Parental controls
Users' passwords must be stored in a special format - which is less secure - and must be explicitly enabled.

37. What three methods can be used to select the start-up disk?
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.
Full directions to a specific item
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.

38. What client-sharing services can Mac OS X provide?
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS

39. How can you identify the MAC Addresses for all of the Mac's network interfaces?
Info pane in Network Utility
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.

40. Three minium requirements for creating a command line script
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM

41. What is the relationship between clients and servers as it relates to network service access?
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences

42. Folder/directories
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage
Describe containers in the file system
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.

43. What are the differences between ZIP archives and Disk Images?
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM

44. What 3 types of resource contention issues can occur when fast user switching is enabled?
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on

45. What is the sticky bit?
computer hostname - working directory - user account
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s

46. Min hardware requirements for 10.6
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.

47. What is Rosetta and what types of items are not supported by Rosetta?
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
May cause data corruption
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu

48. What are seven common types of resources Mac OS X can access from a directory service?
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.

49. How does file-fault secure a user's data?
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
The computer's website files are located in /Library/WebServer/Documents and each users' is inside ~/Sites
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS

50. What two methods can be used to hide items from the Finder?
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.

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ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

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