ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is sudo used for?
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
To run commands as the root user
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)


2. What are the four default top-level folders available in the Finder?
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
The client uses the subnet mask to decide if the client is on the LAN. If it's not on the LAN - then it sends the data to the IP address of the local router. Traffic continues through routers until it reaches the destination.
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
Applications - Library - System - Users


3. What do the terms interface - protocol - and service mean in relation to computer networks?
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services


4. What steps should you take when troubleshooting app issues?
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services


5. Min hardware requirements for 10.6
May cause data corruption
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display


6. What is the sticky bit?

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7. Why is the root of a user's home folder visible to others?
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.
cp - mv - rm
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.


8. How do you provide Mac OS X file sharing services so that other computers can access them?

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9. How does file-fault secure a user's data?
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing


10. What are some security concerns with spotlight?
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
Admins have access to any locally-connected volume whereas standard users can only access their home folders and other user's Public folders.


11. What shared items are accessible to an administrator who connects via AFP or SMB? What about a standard user?

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12. What files are associated with the computer's website? What about the users' websites?

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13. What process or processes are responsible for dashboard widgets?
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.


14. What is a device driver? What three primary types of device drivers are there?
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.


15. How does Mac OS X's built-in firewall work? What advanced firewall settings are available?
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.


16. What is the relationship between clients and servers as it relates to network service access?
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.


17. What are the device classes used by Mac OS X to categorize peripherals? What are some examples of each class?
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
It does a 7-pass erase.
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.


18. How do you use disk utility to burn an optical disk?
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
Applications - Library - System - Users


19. How can you identify the type of a particular application?
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.
Applications - Library - System - Users
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler


20. How does the IP addresses use the MAC address to send messages between computers on a LAN?

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21. How does resetting a user's password as an admin user affect their keychain?
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
Nothing.


22. How does Time Machine maintain a backup history of the system?

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23. How can you force quit an app from the GUI?
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu


24. What system preference enables the accessibility features of OS X - what are they - and where are the preferences stored?
May cause data corruption
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences


25. How does the system determine what app to use to open a file?
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
cp - mv - rm
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s


26. What is target disk mode and how is it engaged?
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.


27. What does CUPS do?
Too many to list. Hehe.
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.


28. What shared items are accessible to any user who connects via FTP?

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29. Difference between disk drives - partition - and volume

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30. What interfaces and protocols are supported by default in in Mac OS X?
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
Too many to list. Hehe.
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.


31. What does Mac OS X use bundles or packages for?

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32. Advantages/disadvantages of single/multiple partition drives in OS X

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33. How do kerberos and keychain system differ for managing authentication services?
It does a 7-pass erase.
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.


34. What 3 types of resource contention issues can occur when fast user switching is enabled?
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on


35. How does the Finder's secure empty trash work?
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.
It does a 7-pass erase.


36. What five network file services can you connect to from the Finder's Connect To Server dialog?
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.


37. What is Rosetta and what types of items are not supported by Rosetta?
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.


38. Why does the Finder hider certain folders at the root of the system volume?

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39. Security risk with fast user switching?
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.
cat - less
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)


40. How is the DOmain Name Service used to facilitate network naming?
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.
cp - mv - rm
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.


41. How do you use the finder's burn folder feature?
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files


42. Why might a previously backed-up item no longer be available in Time Machine?
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.


43. How can you limit a user account?
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.
To run commands as the root user
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
Parental controls


44. How does network service order affect network connectivity?
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
Info pane in Network Utility
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.


45. What items are not loaded when Mac OS X safe boots?
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage


46. How does file system journaling work?
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
The computer's website files are located in /Library/WebServer/Documents and each users' is inside ~/Sites
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.


47. Default 9 home folder folders?
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
computer hostname - working directory - user account
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder


48. What is authentication and authorization?
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
Admins have access to any locally-connected volume whereas standard users can only access their home folders and other user's Public folders.
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?


49. How can you identify which apps are installed on a Mac?
Users' public folders
System Profiler
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
Single partition drives are easier to setup initially - but aren't as flexible for admin/maintenance. Multiple can segregate data


50. What three common unix commands support Mac filesystem metadata?
cp - mv - rm
May cause data corruption
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.