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ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, apple

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. 3 Main components of a typical command
command - options - arguments
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.

2. How do Mac OS X computers acquire and use link-local TCP/IP addresses?

3. How does the IP addresses use the MAC address to send messages between computers on a LAN?

4. How does Mac OS X use dynamic network discovery protocols to access network services?
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.

5. How do you further resolve and issue that disappears when the Mac successfully safe-boots?
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
Hold down shift on startup

6. Advantages/disadvantages of single/multiple partition drives in OS X

7. What are the min sys req for BootCamp?
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM

8. What items are shared by default to all users?

9. What are PPD files responsible for?
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.

10. 6 Reasons to use the CLI
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
The computer's website files are located in /Library/WebServer/Documents and each users' is inside ~/Sites
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.

11. How can you identify which apps are installed on a Mac?
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
ls
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
System Profiler

12. How is the DOmain Name Service used to facilitate network naming?
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
cp - mv - rm
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.

13. What are the primary system initialization stages and user environment stages in Mac OS X and what order do they start?
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.

14. How does file-fault secure a user's data?
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.

15. What 3 types of resource contention issues can occur when fast user switching is enabled?
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
They're used to combine complex items into individual folders. Packages appear as a single item.
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.

16. What three common unix commands support Mac filesystem metadata?
cp - mv - rm
System Profiler
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.

17. What is a device driver? What three primary types of device drivers are there?
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.

18. What are seven common types of resources Mac OS X can access from a directory service?
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)

19. What are the differences between ZIP archives and Disk Images?
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.

20. What is the relationship between a network service and a network port?
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
Too many to list. Hehe.

21. What five network file services can you connect to from the Finder's Connect To Server dialog?
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files

22. What files are associated with the computer's website? What about the users' websites?

23. What is the difference between launch daemons - startup items - launch agents - and login items?

24. What is protected memory? What is 64 bit memory addressing?
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files

25. What is the relationship between clients and servers as it relates to network service access?
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
Client software is used to access services provided by a server

26. What type of files are omitted from time machine backups?
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.

27. Why is time machine bad at backing up large databases?
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing

28. 6 volumes supported by OS X
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF

29. How do you use disk utility to burn an optical disk?
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.

30. How does Mac OS X's built-in firewall work? What advanced firewall settings are available?
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
Users' passwords must be stored in a special format - which is less secure - and must be explicitly enabled.
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS

31. Four prep steps before installing
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS

32. How does file system journaling work?
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences

33. How does resetting the master filevault password affect existing filevault user accounts?
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.

34. What are four common issues that can interrupt network services on a Mac OS X computer?
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue

35. What client-sharing services can Mac OS X provide?
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?

36. Two primary partition schemes for mac formatted drives?
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.

37. What is the safe boot keyboard combo?
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
Hold down shift on startup
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
Single partition drives are easier to setup initially - but aren't as flexible for admin/maintenance. Multiple can segregate data

38. What does iSync do?
computer hostname - working directory - user account
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.

39. Why does the Finder hider certain folders at the root of the system volume?

40. What is sudo used for?
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
To run commands as the root user
Users' passwords must be stored in a special format - which is less secure - and must be explicitly enabled.
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue

41. What two dynamic network service discovery protocols are supported by Mac OS X?
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS

42. What are three common authentication methods?
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
Full directions to a specific item
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.

43. What are the three primary steps for setting up bootcamp?
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem

44. What are five common directory services and authentication services troubleshooting techniques?
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.

45. How do you identify ownership and permissions of a file or folder in the Finder? In the command line?
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
Finder get info - command line run ls -l

46. Min hardware requirements for 10.6
It does a 7-pass erase.
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.

47. Path
Full directions to a specific item
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.

48. Why might a previously backed-up item no longer be available in Time Machine?
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).
cp - mv - rm
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image

49. Absolute path
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.
Full directions to a specific item
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.

50. Security risk with fast user switching?
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
To run commands as the root user
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)