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ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, apple

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. 3 Main components of a typical command
Describe containers in the file system
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.
command - options - arguments
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.

2. What are the primary differences between local - network - and mobile accounts?
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.

3. How can you force quit an app from the GUI?
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu

4. How do you use the finder's burn folder feature?
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF

5. Best command to list items in a folder?
ls
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
Nothing.
To run commands as the root user

6. 6 Reasons to use the CLI
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S

7. How do you share printers with other Mac and Windows users?

8. What shared items are accessible to any user who connects via FTP?

9. How do permissions in the Finder appear different than those in the terminal?
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.

10. 3 Default items in CLI prompt
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
computer hostname - working directory - user account

11. Why does the Finder hider certain folders at the root of the system volume?

12. What are the two primary automation technologies for the GUI?
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.

13. Path
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem

14. What is sudo used for?
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing
To run commands as the root user
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.

15. How does the system determine what app to use to open a file?
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
Info pane in Network Utility
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH

16. How is Disk utility's verify and repair feature used?

17. Account attributes
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase

18. How can you limit a user account?
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
Describe containers in the file system
Parental controls

19. Three minium requirements for creating a command line script
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution

20. What do the terms interface - protocol - and service mean in relation to computer networks?
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
Users' passwords must be stored in a special format - which is less secure - and must be explicitly enabled.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH

21. What backup destinations does Time Machine support?
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
The computer's website files are located in /Library/WebServer/Documents and each users' is inside ~/Sites
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.

22. Default 9 home folder folders?
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.

23. What items are automatically started by system launchd during the system initialization process?
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.

24. Why might a previously backed-up item no longer be available in Time Machine?
The computer's website files are located in /Library/WebServer/Documents and each users' is inside ~/Sites
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).
Finder get info - command line run ls -l

25. What are PPD files responsible for?
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.
Nothing.
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos

26. What are the four default top-level folders available in the Finder?
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
Applications - Library - System - Users
Too many to list. Hehe.

27. Advantages/disadvantages of single/multiple partition drives in OS X

28. How does file-fault secure a user's data?
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
Hold down shift on startup
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.

29. What are seven common types of resources Mac OS X can access from a directory service?
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.

30. What does iSync do?
Users' public folders
computer hostname - working directory - user account
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.

31. What functionality does 10.6 support with AppleTalk?
cat - less
based on the user's current location
Applications - Library - System - Users
Nothing.

32. What is protected memory? What is 64 bit memory addressing?
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.

33. What steps should you take when troubleshooting app issues?
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
cat - less
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.

34. How does Mac OS X use dynamic network discovery protocols to access network services?
based on the user's current location
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.

35. How does the IP addresses use the MAC address to send messages between computers on a LAN?

36. How does resetting the master filevault password affect existing filevault user accounts?
command - options - arguments
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
Nothing.
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.

37. How does the IP transfer messages between computers on a WAN?

38. Security risks & account types
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
Describe containers in the file system

39. How do you provide Mac OS X web-sharing services?
Admins have access to any locally-connected volume whereas standard users can only access their home folders and other user's Public folders.
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display

40. What two dynamic network service discovery protocols are supported by Mac OS X?
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.

41. What is the difference between safe boot - safe mode - and safe login?
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
cp - mv - rm

42. How does Boot Camp work?
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.

43. What is the purpose of IP addresses and subnet masks? What is their format?
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.

44. Why is the root of a user's home folder visible to others?
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.

45. What are some known issues that arise when connecting to network file services?
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.

46. What files are associated with the computer's website? What about the users' websites?

47. What are six common system resources? What purpose does each one serve and where are they located?
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences

48. What five network file services can you connect to from the Finder's Connect To Server dialog?
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.

49. What items are shared by default to all users?

50. What is Rosetta and what types of items are not supported by Rosetta?
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.