ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. 6 volumes supported by OS X
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
The computer's website files are located in /Library/WebServer/Documents and each users' is inside ~/Sites


2. How do you share printers with other Mac and Windows users?

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3. What two dynamic network service discovery protocols are supported by Mac OS X?
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
Users' passwords must be stored in a special format - which is less secure - and must be explicitly enabled.
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS


4. How does the IP transfer messages between computers on a WAN?

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5. How is Disk utility's verify and repair feature used?

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6. Four methods to access CLI
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos


7. What items are automatically started by system launchd during the system initialization process?
Users' public folders
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
The computer's website files are located in /Library/WebServer/Documents and each users' is inside ~/Sites
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.


8. Default install packages
It addresses the outgoing packets based on the destination device's MAC address
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations


9. Security risk with fast user switching?
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
It addresses the outgoing packets based on the destination device's MAC address
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.


10. What network services are provided by your Mac to facilitate Internet sharing? What options are available for Internet sharing your Mac's AirPort wireless Ethernet interface?
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue


11. Why does the Finder hider certain folders at the root of the system volume?

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12. How can you identify which apps are installed on a Mac?
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
Parental controls
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
System Profiler


13. Advantages/disadvantages of single/multiple partition drives in OS X

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14. What role does loginwindow serve in system start-up?
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.


15. What four Directory Service types can used in Mac OS X?
Parental controls
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.


16. What is the sticky bit?

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17. Four prep steps before installing
Describe containers in the file system
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display


18. 3 Default items in CLI prompt
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
computer hostname - working directory - user account
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD


19. What is the purpose of IP addresses and subnet masks? What is their format?
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.


20. How does the Finder's secure empty trash work?
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
Admins have access to any locally-connected volume whereas standard users can only access their home folders and other user's Public folders.
It does a 7-pass erase.


21. Folder/directories
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
Describe containers in the file system


22. How do kerberos and keychain system differ for managing authentication services?
May cause data corruption
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.


23. What is the difference between safe boot - safe mode - and safe login?
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.


24. What two methods can be used to hide items from the Finder?
Admins have access to any locally-connected volume whereas standard users can only access their home folders and other user's Public folders.
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.


25. What three methods can be used to select the start-up disk?
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps


26. What shared items are accessible to an administrator who connects via AFP or SMB? What about a standard user?

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27. What are three common troubleshooting techniques for issues involving failure to connect to network services?
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services


28. Min hardware requirements for 10.6
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
May cause data corruption


29. What are five common directory services and authentication services troubleshooting techniques?
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.


30. What items are not loaded when Mac OS X safe boots?
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
Full directions to a specific item


31. What does the problem-reporting feature do?
Nothing.
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.


32. Relative path

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33. What are four advantages of using network directory services to store account information?
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location


34. How does file system journaling work?
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.


35. Path
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.


36. Different between absolute and relative path
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image


37. What is protected memory? What is 64 bit memory addressing?
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)


38. What is a device driver? What three primary types of device drivers are there?
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing


39. How does Time Machine maintain a backup history of the system?

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40. How does the firmware password help secure against password changes?
Full directions to a specific item
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.


41. How do Mac OS X computers acquire and use link-local TCP/IP addresses?

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42. What are the primary differences between local - network - and mobile accounts?
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.
It addresses the outgoing packets based on the destination device's MAC address
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root


43. What is the difference between launch daemons - startup items - launch agents - and login items?

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44. What are some common file flags and extended attributes used by Mac OS X?
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder


45. Difference between disk drives - partition - and volume

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46. How does the spotlight search service use metadata?
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.
System Profiler


47. 6 Reasons to use the CLI
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences


48. What is the relationship between a network service and a network port?
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn


49. What are PPD files responsible for?
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root


50. How do you identify ownership and permissions of a file or folder in the Finder? In the command line?
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps