ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What items are automatically started by system launchd during the system initialization process?
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)


2. What is a directory as it relates to directory services?
Hold down shift on startup
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem


3. What does 'ignore volume ownership' do in the Finder?
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.
based on the user's current location
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on


4. What shared items are accessible to any user who connects via FTP?

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5. Default install packages
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.
Nothing.
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations


6. What is authentication and authorization?
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?


7. What are four common issues that can interrupt network services on a Mac OS X computer?
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
Finder get info - command line run ls -l


8. What five network file services can you connect to from the Finder's Connect To Server dialog?
computer hostname - working directory - user account
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV


9. What is the purpose of IP addresses and subnet masks? What is their format?
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.


10. Why is time machine bad at backing up large databases?
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage


11. What do the terms interface - protocol - and service mean in relation to computer networks?
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
ls
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem


12. What is the sticky bit?

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13. What are six common system resources? What purpose does each one serve and where are they located?
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.


14. How does the IP addresses use the MAC address to send messages between computers on a LAN?

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15. What three methods can be used to select the start-up disk?
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
Info pane in Network Utility
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.


16. What are resource forks and why have they fallen out of favor?

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17. Four methods to access CLI
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)


18. How do you use disk utility to burn an optical disk?
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.


19. How do you further resolve and issue that disappears when the Mac successfully safe-boots?
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.
Parental controls


20. What network services are provided by your Mac to facilitate Internet sharing? What options are available for Internet sharing your Mac's AirPort wireless Ethernet interface?
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
System Profiler


21. How do you provide Mac OS X file sharing services so that other computers can access them?

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22. How does Mac OS X's built-in firewall work? What advanced firewall settings are available?
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
Info pane in Network Utility
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).


23. What is Rosetta and what types of items are not supported by Rosetta?
The client uses the subnet mask to decide if the client is on the LAN. If it's not on the LAN - then it sends the data to the IP address of the local router. Traffic continues through routers until it reaches the destination.
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.


24. How does Mac OS X use dynamic network discovery protocols to access network services?
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
Applications - Library - System - Users
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.


25. Folder/directories
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
System Profiler
Describe containers in the file system
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.


26. What password issues may arise related to the SMB service?

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27. What are five common directory services and authentication services troubleshooting techniques?
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences


28. How do you identify ownership and permissions of a file or folder in the Finder? In the command line?
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
It does a 7-pass erase.
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.


29. What are three common troubleshooting techniques for issues involving failure to connect to network services?
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)


30. What is target disk mode and how is it engaged?
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs


31. What client-sharing services can Mac OS X provide?
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing


32. How do you provide Mac OS X web-sharing services?
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.


33. Account attributes
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu


34. What are four advantages of using network directory services to store account information?
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.


35. Five types of accounts in 10.6
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
Nothing.
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d


36. Utilities available from OS X install DVD
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.
Single partition drives are easier to setup initially - but aren't as flexible for admin/maintenance. Multiple can segregate data


37. What two methods can be used to hide items from the Finder?
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.


38. What functionality does 10.6 support with AppleTalk?
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
Nothing.
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).


39. How does Time Machine maintain a backup history of the system?

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40. What is the relationship between a network service and a network port?
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage


41. How does network service order affect network connectivity?
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.
It addresses the outgoing packets based on the destination device's MAC address


42. Which two commands can read text files?
The computer's website files are located in /Library/WebServer/Documents and each users' is inside ~/Sites
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
cat - less
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.


43. Why is the root of a user's home folder visible to others?
To run commands as the root user
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.


44. What is sudo used for?
Too many to list. Hehe.
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
To run commands as the root user


45. Min hardware requirements for 10.6
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.


46. What does a keychain do?
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing


47. Two primary partition schemes for mac formatted drives?
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations


48. What happens during system shutdown?
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
cat - less
Info pane in Network Utility
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).


49. What 3 types of resource contention issues can occur when fast user switching is enabled?
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar


50. What are some known issues that arise when connecting to network file services?
computer hostname - working directory - user account
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.