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ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, apple

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the purpose of IP addresses and subnet masks? What is their format?
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.
Admins have access to any locally-connected volume whereas standard users can only access their home folders and other user's Public folders.
It addresses the outgoing packets based on the destination device's MAC address
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu

2. What items are automatically started by system launchd during the system initialization process?
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul

3. Two primary partition schemes for mac formatted drives?
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.

4. How can you identify the type of a particular application?
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler

5. What does Mac OS X use bundles or packages for?

6. What is the potential side effect of improperly unmounting or ejecting a volume?
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
May cause data corruption
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.

7. How does network service order affect network connectivity?
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.
Parental controls

8. What does 'ignore volume ownership' do in the Finder?
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
command - options - arguments

9. What role does loginwindow serve in system start-up?
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility

10. What are the visual or audible cues for each system initialization stage?
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings

11. How does Mac OS X use dynamic network discovery protocols to access network services?
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
Too many to list. Hehe.

12. How do you provide Mac OS X file sharing services so that other computers can access them?

13. Default install packages
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.

14. What is target disk mode and how is it engaged?
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
Describe containers in the file system
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility

15. How is Disk utility's verify and repair feature used?

16. What items are not loaded when Mac OS X safe boots?
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.

17. How do Mac OS X computers acquire and use link-local TCP/IP addresses?

18. What functionality does 10.6 support with AppleTalk?
Nothing.
cat - less
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.

19. What is protected memory? What is 64 bit memory addressing?
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.

20. How does Mac OS X's built-in firewall work? What advanced firewall settings are available?
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
To run commands as the root user
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at

21. What is the sticky bit?

22. What are the device classes used by Mac OS X to categorize peripherals? What are some examples of each class?
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.

23. 3 Main components of a typical command
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
Too many to list. Hehe.
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
command - options - arguments

24. What are five common directory services and authentication services troubleshooting techniques?
May cause data corruption
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
ls

25. What are the min sys req for BootCamp?
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.

26. Locate system version - build number - serial number location
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.

27. What are the four default top-level folders available in the Finder?
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.
Applications - Library - System - Users
Admins have access to any locally-connected volume whereas standard users can only access their home folders and other user's Public folders.

28. Where are preferences stored? What format is generally used?
May cause data corruption
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.

29. What is a device driver? What three primary types of device drivers are there?
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul

30. What is the relationship between clients and servers as it relates to network service access?
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
Applications - Library - System - Users
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.

31. How does Time Machine maintain a backup history of the system?

32. How do permissions in the Finder appear different than those in the terminal?
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.

33. What two methods can be used to hide items from the Finder?
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
System Profiler
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase

34. Four methods to access CLI
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
Client software is used to access services provided by a server

35. What four Directory Service types can used in Mac OS X?
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD

36. What are the primary system initialization stages and user environment stages in Mac OS X and what order do they start?
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.

37. How can you limit a user account?
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
Parental controls
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services

38. How does the Finder's secure empty trash work?
computer hostname - working directory - user account
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
It does a 7-pass erase.

39. Absolute path
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.
Full directions to a specific item
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.

40. What are the three primary steps for setting up bootcamp?
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.
command - options - arguments
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.

41. What are resource forks and why have they fallen out of favor?

42. What does a keychain do?
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.

43. Security risks & account types
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
computer hostname - working directory - user account
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?

44. How can you force quit an app from the GUI?
Users' passwords must be stored in a special format - which is less secure - and must be explicitly enabled.
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
ls
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage

45. How do you use the finder's burn folder feature?
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder

46. In the network preferences - how can you tell which interface is currently being used for network activities?
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.

47. How do you identify ownership and permissions of a file or folder in the Finder? In the command line?
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.
cat - less
Finder get info - command line run ls -l

48. Why is time machine bad at backing up large databases?
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
Describe containers in the file system
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
Single partition drives are easier to setup initially - but aren't as flexible for admin/maintenance. Multiple can segregate data

49. What differentiates RAID 0 from RAID 1?
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.

50. How does resetting a user's password as an admin user affect their keychain?
Hold down shift on startup
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.