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ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, apple

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Where does spotlight store its metadata index databases? How about the plugins?

2. What are the differences between ZIP archives and Disk Images?
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos

3. How does Time Machine maintain a backup history of the system?

4. What is the relationship between clients and servers as it relates to network service access?
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps

5. How does the system determine what app to use to open a file?
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.

6. How does file-fault secure a user's data?
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?

7. What role does loginwindow serve in system start-up?
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen

8. What is a directory as it relates to directory services?
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.

9. What does the problem-reporting feature do?
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services

10. What are five application environments supported by Mac OS X and what are they used for?
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
May cause data corruption

11. Min hardware requirements for 10.6
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.

12. What does iSync do?
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?

13. How do you share printers with other Mac and Windows users?

14. How do you provide Mac OS X web-sharing services?
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
Admins have access to any locally-connected volume whereas standard users can only access their home folders and other user's Public folders.
Full directions to a specific item

15. Four methods to access CLI
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH

16. What does the firmware do? What is the POST?

17. What process or processes are responsible for dashboard widgets?
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.

18. What is sudo used for?
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
To run commands as the root user
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.

19. Default install packages
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.

20. What interfaces and protocols are supported by default in in Mac OS X?
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.
Too many to list. Hehe.
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.

21. What is authentication and authorization?
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
Users' public folders

22. What does a keychain do?
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
They're used to combine complex items into individual folders. Packages appear as a single item.
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.

23. How does file system journaling work?
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility

24. What are five common directory services and authentication services troubleshooting techniques?
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.

25. Why is time machine bad at backing up large databases?
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
command - options - arguments
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
May cause data corruption

26. What backup destinations does Time Machine support?
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos

27. Account attributes
Hold down shift on startup
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.
Users' public folders
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.

28. 3 Default items in CLI prompt
System Profiler
computer hostname - working directory - user account
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations

29. What are the two primary automation technologies for the GUI?
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing

30. What four Directory Service types can used in Mac OS X?
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
May cause data corruption

31. Folder/directories
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
Describe containers in the file system
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.

32. What are three common authentication methods?
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
Hold down shift on startup
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.

33. Why does the Finder hider certain folders at the root of the system volume?

34. How is Disk utility's verify and repair feature used?

35. How can you limit a user account?
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
Parental controls
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.

36. What is target disk mode and how is it engaged?
based on the user's current location
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.

37. What is the purpose of IP addresses and subnet masks? What is their format?
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.
System Profiler
Describe containers in the file system
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu

38. What do the terms interface - protocol - and service mean in relation to computer networks?
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.
The client uses the subnet mask to decide if the client is on the LAN. If it's not on the LAN - then it sends the data to the IP address of the local router. Traffic continues through routers until it reaches the destination.
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s

39. What two methods can be used to hide items from the Finder?
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.

40. What shared items are accessible to an administrator who connects via AFP or SMB? What about a standard user?

41. Best command to list items in a folder?
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.
ls
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.

42. Security risk with fast user switching?
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.

43. What is the sticky bit?

44. Four prep steps before installing
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings

45. Absolute path
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
Full directions to a specific item
Too many to list. Hehe.
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.

46. What is the relationship between a network service and a network port?
Describe containers in the file system
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)

47. How are items inside the Finder's Network folder populated?
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
Single partition drives are easier to setup initially - but aren't as flexible for admin/maintenance. Multiple can segregate data

48. What is Rosetta and what types of items are not supported by Rosetta?
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
command - options - arguments
It does a 7-pass erase.
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF

49. Relative path

50. What are the three primary steps for setting up bootcamp?
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.