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ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, apple

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How does Time Machine maintain a backup history of the system?

2. What is the difference between safe boot - safe mode - and safe login?
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.

3. What happens during system shutdown?
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
command - options - arguments
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.

4. What happens during user log-out?

5. How do you share printers with other Mac and Windows users?

6. How is Disk utility's verify and repair feature used?

7. What are five common directory services and authentication services troubleshooting techniques?
Users' public folders
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.

8. What is the difference between launch daemons - startup items - launch agents - and login items?

9. What five network file services can you connect to from the Finder's Connect To Server dialog?
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)

10. What are the four default top-level folders available in the Finder?
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
cp - mv - rm
Applications - Library - System - Users

11. In the network preferences - how can you tell which interface is currently being used for network activities?
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
ls
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.

12. What process or processes are responsible for dashboard widgets?
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
It does a 7-pass erase.
Users' public folders
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.

13. What are PPD files responsible for?
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.

14. What two methods can be used to hide items from the Finder?
Parental controls
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.

15. How can you force quit an app from the GUI?
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu

16. How does the Finder's secure empty trash work?
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
It does a 7-pass erase.
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD

17. What are resource forks and why have they fallen out of favor?

18. What are the three primary steps for setting up bootcamp?
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.
Admins have access to any locally-connected volume whereas standard users can only access their home folders and other user's Public folders.

19. What two dynamic network service discovery protocols are supported by Mac OS X?
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
based on the user's current location
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.

20. Which two commands can read text files?
cat - less
Nothing.
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem

21. Utilities available from OS X install DVD
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
Describe containers in the file system
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD

22. Four prep steps before installing
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD

23. What does 'ignore volume ownership' do in the Finder?
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
Users' passwords must be stored in a special format - which is less secure - and must be explicitly enabled.

24. What is authentication and authorization?
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
cat - less
Client software is used to access services provided by a server

25. Best command to list items in a folder?
Hold down shift on startup
ls
The client uses the subnet mask to decide if the client is on the LAN. If it's not on the LAN - then it sends the data to the IP address of the local router. Traffic continues through routers until it reaches the destination.
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.

26. What does the problem-reporting feature do?
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.

27. How do you identify ownership and permissions of a file or folder in the Finder? In the command line?
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.

28. Why is time machine bad at backing up large databases?
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.

29. Two primary partition schemes for mac formatted drives?
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.

30. Absolute path
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
Applications - Library - System - Users
Full directions to a specific item
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display

31. What are seven common types of resources Mac OS X can access from a directory service?
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.

32. 6 volumes supported by OS X
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image

33. What does iSync do?
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
The computer's website files are located in /Library/WebServer/Documents and each users' is inside ~/Sites
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.

34. How does the IP transfer messages between computers on a WAN?

35. How can you limit a user account?
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
Parental controls
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files

36. What is sudo used for?
To run commands as the root user
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.

37. What are they advantages of code-signing?
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
Admins have access to any locally-connected volume whereas standard users can only access their home folders and other user's Public folders.

38. How do you use the finder's burn folder feature?
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder

39. Relative path

40. What do the terms interface - protocol - and service mean in relation to computer networks?
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.

41. What is target disk mode and how is it engaged?
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.

42. Security risks & account types
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)

43. 3 Default items in CLI prompt
computer hostname - working directory - user account
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.

44. What interfaces and protocols are supported by default in in Mac OS X?
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
Too many to list. Hehe.
cat - less
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.

45. What differentiates RAID 0 from RAID 1?
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.

46. What is the relationship between a network service and a network port?
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.

47. How does resetting a user's password as an admin user affect their keychain?
Info pane in Network Utility
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.

48. How does Mac OS X's built-in firewall work? What advanced firewall settings are available?
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.

49. What does a keychain do?
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d

50. Min hardware requirements for 10.6
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD