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ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, apple

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. 6 volumes supported by OS X
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
May cause data corruption
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)

2. What items are shared by default to all users?

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3. How does Time Machine maintain a backup history of the system?

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4. What type of files are omitted from time machine backups?
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.

5. How can you limit a user account?
Parental controls
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
Too many to list. Hehe.
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.

6. How can you force quit an app from the GUI?
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
System Profiler

7. 3 Main components of a typical command
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
command - options - arguments
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.

8. What is Rosetta and what types of items are not supported by Rosetta?
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.
computer hostname - working directory - user account
Describe containers in the file system

9. Absolute path
Single partition drives are easier to setup initially - but aren't as flexible for admin/maintenance. Multiple can segregate data
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
Full directions to a specific item

10. What is authentication and authorization?
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
command - options - arguments
Applications - Library - System - Users

11. Four methods to access CLI
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
cp - mv - rm
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs

12. How does the Finder's secure empty trash work?
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.
It does a 7-pass erase.

13. Utilities available from OS X install DVD
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).

14. What system preference enables the accessibility features of OS X - what are they - and where are the preferences stored?
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s

15. How do permissions in the Finder appear different than those in the terminal?
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.
Info pane in Network Utility

16. What is the difference between safe boot - safe mode - and safe login?
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.
May cause data corruption
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.

17. What 3 types of resource contention issues can occur when fast user switching is enabled?
Info pane in Network Utility
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on

18. Where are preferences stored? What format is generally used?
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.

19. What two methods can be used to hide items from the Finder?
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM

20. How does the default organization of the filesystem allow users to safely share local files and folder?
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
Users' public folders
Too many to list. Hehe.
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase

21. What does a keychain do?
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
computer hostname - working directory - user account
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen

22. What are the two primary automation technologies for the GUI?
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.

23. How does the IP addresses use the MAC address to send messages between computers on a LAN?

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24. How does resetting a user's password as an admin user affect their keychain?
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage

25. What two dynamic network service discovery protocols are supported by Mac OS X?
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
cp - mv - rm
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing

26. How do you use the finder's burn folder feature?
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder

27. How does the system determine what app to use to open a file?
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.

28. How can you identify which apps are installed on a Mac?
May cause data corruption
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
System Profiler
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing

29. How do you share printers with other Mac and Windows users?

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30. Path
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.

31. How do you identify ownership and permissions of a file or folder in the Finder? In the command line?
based on the user's current location
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.

32. How do you provide Mac OS X web-sharing services?
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.

33. How can you identify the MAC Addresses for all of the Mac's network interfaces?
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.
Info pane in Network Utility
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.

34. How does the firmware password help secure against password changes?
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing

35. What are the differences between ZIP archives and Disk Images?
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.

36. In the network preferences - how can you tell which interface is currently being used for network activities?
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
Info pane in Network Utility

37. What items are not loaded when Mac OS X safe boots?
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs

38. How are items inside the Finder's Network folder populated?
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.

39. What process or processes are responsible for dashboard widgets?
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
command - options - arguments
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.

40. How do kerberos and keychain system differ for managing authentication services?
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.

41. What are six common system resources? What purpose does each one serve and where are they located?
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps

42. Why might a previously backed-up item no longer be available in Time Machine?
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).

43. Why is the root of a user's home folder visible to others?
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
cp - mv - rm

44. What five network file services can you connect to from the Finder's Connect To Server dialog?
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV

45. Folder/directories
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
Describe containers in the file system
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)

46. What is the relationship between clients and servers as it relates to network service access?
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH

47. What are five application environments supported by Mac OS X and what are they used for?
Users' public folders
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
May cause data corruption

48. What network services are provided by your Mac to facilitate Internet sharing? What options are available for Internet sharing your Mac's AirPort wireless Ethernet interface?
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).

49. What are some common file flags and extended attributes used by Mac OS X?
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
Info pane in Network Utility
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.

50. How can you identify the type of a particular application?
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler

Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?

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ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

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