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ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, apple

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are the device classes used by Mac OS X to categorize peripherals? What are some examples of each class?
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
Applications - Library - System - Users
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.

2. How does the IP transfer messages between computers on a WAN?

3. In the network preferences - how can you tell which interface is currently being used for network activities?
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
Users' public folders
Describe containers in the file system
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.

4. What interfaces and protocols are supported by default in in Mac OS X?
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
Too many to list. Hehe.
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
Single partition drives are easier to setup initially - but aren't as flexible for admin/maintenance. Multiple can segregate data

5. What are the primary system initialization stages and user environment stages in Mac OS X and what order do they start?
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
Hold down shift on startup
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.

6. What does CUPS do?
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.
System Profiler

7. What 3 types of resource contention issues can occur when fast user switching is enabled?
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
To run commands as the root user

8. What role does system launchd play in the system start-up?
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps

9. 6 volumes supported by OS X
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
computer hostname - working directory - user account

10. How does resetting the master filevault password affect existing filevault user accounts?
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.

11. What is target disk mode and how is it engaged?
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.

12. Difference between disk drives - partition - and volume

13. What are some security concerns with spotlight?
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.
Info pane in Network Utility
Single partition drives are easier to setup initially - but aren't as flexible for admin/maintenance. Multiple can segregate data
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.

14. Min hardware requirements for 10.6
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.

15. What process or processes are responsible for dashboard widgets?
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue

16. How does the system determine what app to use to open a file?
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.

17. What items are automatically started by system launchd during the system initialization process?
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.

18. Locate system version - build number - serial number location
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.
Full directions to a specific item
They're used to combine complex items into individual folders. Packages appear as a single item.

19. How does the firmware password help secure against password changes?
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu

20. How do you use the finder's burn folder feature?
To run commands as the root user
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage

21. Where does spotlight store its metadata index databases? How about the plugins?

22. What is the safe boot keyboard combo?
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
Hold down shift on startup
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.

23. Security risks & account types
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.

24. What items are shared by default to all users?

25. What password issues may arise related to the SMB service?

26. What do the terms interface - protocol - and service mean in relation to computer networks?
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.

27. What is protected memory? What is 64 bit memory addressing?
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.

28. What system preference enables the accessibility features of OS X - what are they - and where are the preferences stored?
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
They're used to combine complex items into individual folders. Packages appear as a single item.

29. What are resource forks and why have they fallen out of favor?

30. How do you provide Mac OS X file sharing services so that other computers can access them?

31. How can you identify the type of a particular application?
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language

32. What is a device driver? What three primary types of device drivers are there?
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
To run commands as the root user

33. What 4 methods can be used to eject a volume from the finder?
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
cat - less
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d

34. Different between absolute and relative path
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at

35. 6 Reasons to use the CLI
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing

36. Where are preferences stored? What format is generally used?
based on the user's current location
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.

37. Folder/directories
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.
Too many to list. Hehe.
Describe containers in the file system
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.

38. How is Disk utility's verify and repair feature used?

39. Why is the root of a user's home folder visible to others?
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
Parental controls
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.

40. What are some known issues that arise when connecting to network file services?
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
Applications - Library - System - Users
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.

41. What are the visual or audible cues for each system initialization stage?
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
Applications - Library - System - Users
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen

42. What differentiates RAID 0 from RAID 1?
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
It does a 7-pass erase.

43. What type of files are omitted from time machine backups?
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul

44. Default 9 home folder folders?
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.

45. What are the differences between ZIP archives and Disk Images?
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.

46. Security risk with fast user switching?
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.

47. Three minium requirements for creating a command line script
Info pane in Network Utility
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution

48. Default install packages
The computer's website files are located in /Library/WebServer/Documents and each users' is inside ~/Sites
They're used to combine complex items into individual folders. Packages appear as a single item.
cp - mv - rm
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations

49. What shared items are accessible to an administrator who connects via AFP or SMB? What about a standard user?

50. What does the firmware do? What is the POST?