Test your basic knowledge |

ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, apple

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How does the firmware password help secure against password changes?
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
Info pane in Network Utility

2. How does the IP transfer messages between computers on a WAN?

3. What password issues may arise related to the SMB service?

4. How can you identify the type of a particular application?
To run commands as the root user
based on the user's current location
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on

5. What two methods can be used to hide items from the Finder?
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.

6. How are the permissions on the shared folder set to allow local user sharing?
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
Hold down shift on startup
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.

7. What are the primary system initialization stages and user environment stages in Mac OS X and what order do they start?
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.
Full directions to a specific item

8. Best command to list items in a folder?
ls
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)

9. What is the purpose of IP addresses and subnet masks? What is their format?
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.
cp - mv - rm
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.

10. Four prep steps before installing
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings

11. What are the two primary automation technologies for the GUI?
Full directions to a specific item
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
cp - mv - rm
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings

12. What is the difference between launch daemons - startup items - launch agents - and login items?

13. What is a Kerberos Ticket and KDC?

14. What functionality does 10.6 support with AppleTalk?
Nothing.
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.

15. What is protected memory? What is 64 bit memory addressing?
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS

16. What three common unix commands support Mac filesystem metadata?
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
cp - mv - rm
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs

17. Account attributes
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.

18. Path
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
It does a 7-pass erase.

19. How do you identify ownership and permissions of a file or folder in the Finder? In the command line?
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
command - options - arguments
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
System Profiler

20. How do you share printers with other Mac and Windows users?

21. 6 Reasons to use the CLI
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
The computer's website files are located in /Library/WebServer/Documents and each users' is inside ~/Sites

22. What four Directory Service types can used in Mac OS X?
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.

23. What does 'ignore volume ownership' do in the Finder?
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.

24. What is a directory as it relates to directory services?
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.
It does a 7-pass erase.
Full directions to a specific item
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler

25. What does iSync do?
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.

26. How do permissions in the Finder appear different than those in the terminal?
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
ls
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display

27. What 3 types of resource contention issues can occur when fast user switching is enabled?
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.

28. Which two commands can read text files?
cat - less
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.

29. What are five common directory services and authentication services troubleshooting techniques?
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files

30. How does network service order affect network connectivity?
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.

31. What does Mac OS X use bundles or packages for?

32. What items are shared by default to all users?

33. What network services are provided by your Mac to facilitate Internet sharing? What options are available for Internet sharing your Mac's AirPort wireless Ethernet interface?
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.

34. How does the default organization of the filesystem allow users to safely share local files and folder?
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.

35. What two dynamic network service discovery protocols are supported by Mac OS X?
Too many to list. Hehe.
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
It addresses the outgoing packets based on the destination device's MAC address

36. What is the potential side effect of improperly unmounting or ejecting a volume?
May cause data corruption
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root

37. What is a device driver? What three primary types of device drivers are there?
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.

38. What are they advantages of code-signing?
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.

39. What does CUPS do?
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
Applications - Library - System - Users
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.

40. What do the terms interface - protocol - and service mean in relation to computer networks?
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution

41. What are four advantages of using network directory services to store account information?
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
ls
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services

42. How do kerberos and keychain system differ for managing authentication services?
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.

43. What role does loginwindow serve in system start-up?
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
command - options - arguments
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.

44. How does file-fault secure a user's data?
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
Applications - Library - System - Users
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image

45. Why is time machine bad at backing up large databases?
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at

46. Default install packages
It addresses the outgoing packets based on the destination device's MAC address
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.

47. Why is the root of a user's home folder visible to others?
They're used to combine complex items into individual folders. Packages appear as a single item.
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.

48. What is the safe boot keyboard combo?
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.
They're used to combine complex items into individual folders. Packages appear as a single item.
Hold down shift on startup

49. What does a keychain do?
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).
cp - mv - rm
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.

50. Utilities available from OS X install DVD
cp - mv - rm
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
Describe containers in the file system