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ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, apple

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How do Mac OS X computers acquire and use link-local TCP/IP addresses?

2. What does 'ignore volume ownership' do in the Finder?
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
cat - less
Hold down shift on startup
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.

3. What does iSync do?
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.

4. Account attributes
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
Describe containers in the file system

5. Security risks & account types
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.

6. Which two commands can read text files?
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
cat - less
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH

7. What does CUPS do?
Applications - Library - System - Users
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
They're used to combine complex items into individual folders. Packages appear as a single item.

8. What role does loginwindow serve in system start-up?
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.

9. How does the IP transfer messages between computers on a WAN?

10. What is a device driver? What three primary types of device drivers are there?
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.
Too many to list. Hehe.
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites

11. What are PPD files responsible for?
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
It addresses the outgoing packets based on the destination device's MAC address
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files

12. Two primary partition schemes for mac formatted drives?
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH

13. What does the problem-reporting feature do?
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.

14. What functionality does 10.6 support with AppleTalk?
Nothing.
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.

15. What are some known issues that arise when connecting to network file services?
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.

16. What is Rosetta and what types of items are not supported by Rosetta?
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps

17. What is the safe boot keyboard combo?
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.
It does a 7-pass erase.
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
Hold down shift on startup

18. Default install packages
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
computer hostname - working directory - user account
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.

19. What backup destinations does Time Machine support?
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root

20. Why might a previously backed-up item no longer be available in Time Machine?
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).

21. What are five application environments supported by Mac OS X and what are they used for?
It does a 7-pass erase.
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.
It addresses the outgoing packets based on the destination device's MAC address

22. How does file-fault secure a user's data?
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
May cause data corruption

23. Folder/directories
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
Describe containers in the file system
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.

24. What interfaces and protocols are supported by default in in Mac OS X?
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
Too many to list. Hehe.

25. What is sudo used for?
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.
System Profiler
Applications - Library - System - Users
To run commands as the root user

26. 3 Main components of a typical command
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
command - options - arguments
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH

27. Path
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)

28. What are some security concerns with spotlight?
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language

29. How do you share printers with other Mac and Windows users?

30. What two dynamic network service discovery protocols are supported by Mac OS X?
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
Parental controls
Full directions to a specific item
System Profiler

31. What are the primary differences between local - network - and mobile accounts?
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.

32. How does the default organization of the filesystem allow users to safely share local files and folder?
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn

33. What are three common troubleshooting techniques for issues involving failure to connect to network services?
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu

34. How does the Finder's secure empty trash work?
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.
It does a 7-pass erase.
Info pane in Network Utility

35. What two methods can be used to hide items from the Finder?
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.

36. How does the IP addresses use the MAC address to send messages between computers on a LAN?

37. Three minium requirements for creating a command line script
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.

38. How is Disk utility's verify and repair feature used?

39. How does Mac OS X use dynamic network discovery protocols to access network services?
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
System Profiler
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.

40. What client-sharing services can Mac OS X provide?
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
Info pane in Network Utility
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps

41. What is the potential side effect of improperly unmounting or ejecting a volume?
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
computer hostname - working directory - user account
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
May cause data corruption

42. What type of files are omitted from time machine backups?
Applications - Library - System - Users
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations

43. What three methods can be used to select the start-up disk?
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
cp - mv - rm

44. How does the firmware password help secure against password changes?
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn

45. How does resetting a user's password as an admin user affect their keychain?
cp - mv - rm
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.

46. What are four advantages of using network directory services to store account information?
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.

47. What are some common file flags and extended attributes used by Mac OS X?
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.

48. How does file system journaling work?
Applications - Library - System - Users
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
cat - less
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings

49. What shared items are accessible to an administrator who connects via AFP or SMB? What about a standard user?

50. What is target disk mode and how is it engaged?
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.