ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the safe boot keyboard combo?
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
Hold down shift on startup
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue


2. What client-sharing services can Mac OS X provide?
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen


3. How do you share printers with other Mac and Windows users?

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4. Three minium requirements for creating a command line script
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
Too many to list. Hehe.
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.


5. Default 9 home folder folders?
Hold down shift on startup
cat - less
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites


6. What two methods can be used to hide items from the Finder?
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.


7. What are five common directory services and authentication services troubleshooting techniques?
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.


8. What are seven common types of resources Mac OS X can access from a directory service?
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
Full directions to a specific item
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs


9. What role does loginwindow serve in system start-up?
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
Info pane in Network Utility


10. What is the purpose of IP addresses and subnet masks? What is their format?
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF


11. What 4 methods can be used to eject a volume from the finder?
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs


12. Security risks & account types
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.


13. Two primary partition schemes for mac formatted drives?
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.


14. How do you provide Mac OS X file sharing services so that other computers can access them?

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15. How does the Finder's secure empty trash work?
It does a 7-pass erase.
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.


16. How can you identify which apps are installed on a Mac?
System Profiler
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.
Applications - Library - System - Users
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.


17. How does resetting the master filevault password affect existing filevault user accounts?
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.
May cause data corruption
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.


18. How are items inside the Finder's Network folder populated?
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
To run commands as the root user


19. What is the potential side effect of improperly unmounting or ejecting a volume?
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
May cause data corruption


20. What interfaces and protocols are supported by default in in Mac OS X?
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
computer hostname - working directory - user account
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.
Too many to list. Hehe.


21. What items are automatically started by system launchd during the system initialization process?
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)


22. Relative path

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23. How do you use disk utility to burn an optical disk?
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)


24. What password issues may arise related to the SMB service?

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25. Four methods to access CLI
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing


26. What are three common authentication methods?
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
command - options - arguments
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.


27. Utilities available from OS X install DVD
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
based on the user's current location


28. What are six common system resources? What purpose does each one serve and where are they located?
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.


29. What items are not loaded when Mac OS X safe boots?
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?


30. What five network file services can you connect to from the Finder's Connect To Server dialog?
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
May cause data corruption


31. What are the differences between ZIP archives and Disk Images?
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.


32. What is the relationship between a network service and a network port?
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.


33. How does file-fault secure a user's data?
Parental controls
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.


34. How do kerberos and keychain system differ for managing authentication services?
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s


35. What is the relationship between clients and servers as it relates to network service access?
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.


36. What three methods can be used to select the start-up disk?
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.


37. Difference between disk drives - partition - and volume

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38. How is Disk utility's verify and repair feature used?

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39. How does Mac OS X use dynamic network discovery protocols to access network services?
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
Admins have access to any locally-connected volume whereas standard users can only access their home folders and other user's Public folders.
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)


40. What shared items are accessible to any user who connects via FTP?

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41. Where does spotlight store its metadata index databases? How about the plugins?

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42. What happens during system shutdown?
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
Finder get info - command line run ls -l


43. How can you force quit an app from the GUI?
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.


44. What are the four default top-level folders available in the Finder?
Applications - Library - System - Users
Users' public folders
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at


45. What are four common issues that can interrupt network services on a Mac OS X computer?
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.


46. How are the permissions on the shared folder set to allow local user sharing?
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.


47. How does the default organization of the filesystem allow users to safely share local files and folder?
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.


48. What is protected memory? What is 64 bit memory addressing?
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.


49. What are three common troubleshooting techniques for issues involving failure to connect to network services?
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
Single partition drives are easier to setup initially - but aren't as flexible for admin/maintenance. Multiple can segregate data


50. How do you identify ownership and permissions of a file or folder in the Finder? In the command line?
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
To run commands as the root user
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos