Test your basic knowledge |

ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, apple

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Best command to list items in a folder?
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
ls
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.

2. How does Mac OS X's built-in firewall work? What advanced firewall settings are available?
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
The computer's website files are located in /Library/WebServer/Documents and each users' is inside ~/Sites
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
ls

3. What are PPD files responsible for?
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location

4. What three common unix commands support Mac filesystem metadata?
cp - mv - rm
ls
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.

5. 6 Reasons to use the CLI
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)

6. What two dynamic network service discovery protocols are supported by Mac OS X?
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
Single partition drives are easier to setup initially - but aren't as flexible for admin/maintenance. Multiple can segregate data
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.

7. What shared items are accessible to any user who connects via FTP?

8. What is Rosetta and what types of items are not supported by Rosetta?
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.

9. How can you identify which apps are installed on a Mac?
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
System Profiler
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.

10. What happens during user log-out?

11. What items are not loaded when Mac OS X safe boots?
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.

12. How do you further resolve and issue that disappears when the Mac successfully safe-boots?
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.

13. What is authentication and authorization?
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?

14. What client-sharing services can Mac OS X provide?
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
May cause data corruption

15. What interfaces and protocols are supported by default in in Mac OS X?
Too many to list. Hehe.
To run commands as the root user
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
based on the user's current location

16. How does Time Machine maintain a backup history of the system?

17. How do permissions in the Finder appear different than those in the terminal?
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.

18. What does Mac OS X use bundles or packages for?

19. What is a Kerberos Ticket and KDC?

20. How do you use the finder's burn folder feature?
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
based on the user's current location
The computer's website files are located in /Library/WebServer/Documents and each users' is inside ~/Sites
It addresses the outgoing packets based on the destination device's MAC address

21. What happens during system shutdown?
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
Parental controls
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.

22. How are items inside the Finder's Network folder populated?
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.

23. Utilities available from OS X install DVD
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
It does a 7-pass erase.

24. How can you identify the type of a particular application?
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
It does a 7-pass erase.
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.

25. What does CUPS do?
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
To run commands as the root user
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.
Too many to list. Hehe.

26. Account attributes
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.

27. What four Directory Service types can used in Mac OS X?
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.

28. Min hardware requirements for 10.6
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.

29. Where are preferences stored? What format is generally used?
cat - less
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue

30. What are the min sys req for BootCamp?
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
Client software is used to access services provided by a server

31. What are the four erase options in disk utility?

32. How is Disk utility's verify and repair feature used?

33. What process or processes are responsible for dashboard widgets?
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.

34. Security risks & account types
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)

35. In the network preferences - how can you tell which interface is currently being used for network activities?
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing

36. What are the four default top-level folders available in the Finder?
Users' passwords must be stored in a special format - which is less secure - and must be explicitly enabled.
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
Applications - Library - System - Users
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.

37. What network services are provided by your Mac to facilitate Internet sharing? What options are available for Internet sharing your Mac's AirPort wireless Ethernet interface?
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn

38. What system preference enables the accessibility features of OS X - what are they - and where are the preferences stored?
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.

39. How does the firmware password help secure against password changes?
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.

40. What are some known issues that arise when connecting to network file services?
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.

41. What are six common system resources? What purpose does each one serve and where are they located?
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.

42. What are four advantages of using network directory services to store account information?
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
Too many to list. Hehe.
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location

43. Where does spotlight store its metadata index databases? How about the plugins?

44. How does Mac OS X use dynamic network discovery protocols to access network services?
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences

45. How do you provide Mac OS X web-sharing services?
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
Applications - Library - System - Users
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d

46. Five types of accounts in 10.6
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler

47. What are five common directory services and authentication services troubleshooting techniques?
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.

48. Four methods to access CLI
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.

49. What are three common troubleshooting techniques for issues involving failure to connect to network services?
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
It does a 7-pass erase.

50. What are the three primary steps for setting up bootcamp?
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.