ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Security risk with fast user switching?
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.


2. How do permissions in the Finder appear different than those in the terminal?
Info pane in Network Utility
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.


3. How can you force quit an app from the GUI?
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
Info pane in Network Utility


4. How does resetting the master filevault password affect existing filevault user accounts?
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
Too many to list. Hehe.


5. How does Boot Camp work?
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.
Parental controls


6. What is the relationship between clients and servers as it relates to network service access?
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.


7. What are the differences between ZIP archives and Disk Images?
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S
It addresses the outgoing packets based on the destination device's MAC address
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.


8. Min hardware requirements for 10.6
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu


9. What is Rosetta and what types of items are not supported by Rosetta?
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.


10. What are the three primary steps for setting up bootcamp?
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.


11. Path
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.


12. What is the safe boot keyboard combo?
Hold down shift on startup
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.


13. What differentiates RAID 0 from RAID 1?
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.


14. Default install packages
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
The computer's website files are located in /Library/WebServer/Documents and each users' is inside ~/Sites
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD


15. What backup destinations does Time Machine support?
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.


16. What does Mac OS X use bundles or packages for?

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17. Two primary partition schemes for mac formatted drives?
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
Parental controls
It does a 7-pass erase.
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs


18. Security risks & account types
Describe containers in the file system
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn


19. How does the spotlight search service use metadata?
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.


20. What is authentication and authorization?
May cause data corruption
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility


21. How do kerberos and keychain system differ for managing authentication services?
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.


22. What are the four erase options in disk utility?

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23. Different between absolute and relative path
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.


24. Why is the root of a user's home folder visible to others?
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS


25. How does file system journaling work?
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services


26. What 3 types of resource contention issues can occur when fast user switching is enabled?
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on


27. What are the primary system initialization stages and user environment stages in Mac OS X and what order do they start?
System Profiler
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.


28. What does 'ignore volume ownership' do in the Finder?
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
They're used to combine complex items into individual folders. Packages appear as a single item.


29. What are the min sys req for BootCamp?
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM


30. How does the Finder's secure empty trash work?
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
It does a 7-pass erase.
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
To run commands as the root user


31. How does the firmware password help secure against password changes?
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
May cause data corruption


32. What are some known issues that arise when connecting to network file services?
The computer's website files are located in /Library/WebServer/Documents and each users' is inside ~/Sites
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
To run commands as the root user


33. What is a device driver? What three primary types of device drivers are there?
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.
Applications - Library - System - Users
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.


34. How does resetting a user's password as an admin user affect their keychain?
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.


35. Where are preferences stored? What format is generally used?
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
cp - mv - rm
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.


36. What shared items are accessible to any user who connects via FTP?

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37. Why is time machine bad at backing up large databases?
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.


38. How does file-fault secure a user's data?
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
Kerberos tickets are used to validate an account's identity. Kerberos uses ticket-granting-tickets and service tickets. KDC = key distribution center.


39. What client-sharing services can Mac OS X provide?
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
The client uses the subnet mask to decide if the client is on the LAN. If it's not on the LAN - then it sends the data to the IP address of the local router. Traffic continues through routers until it reaches the destination.
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.


40. What is the difference between safe boot - safe mode - and safe login?
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.


41. Default 9 home folder folders?
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites


42. How do Mac OS X computers acquire and use link-local TCP/IP addresses?

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43. How do you further resolve and issue that disappears when the Mac successfully safe-boots?
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.


44. What two dynamic network service discovery protocols are supported by Mac OS X?
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
Describe containers in the file system


45. Four methods to access CLI
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH


46. How do you provide Mac OS X file sharing services so that other computers can access them?

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47. Five types of accounts in 10.6
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root


48. Why might a previously backed-up item no longer be available in Time Machine?
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).


49. How are items inside the Finder's Network folder populated?
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.


50. What are seven common types of resources Mac OS X can access from a directory service?
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.