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ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, apple

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Default install packages
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.

2. How does the system determine what app to use to open a file?
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.

3. What role does system launchd play in the system start-up?
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.
cp - mv - rm
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files

4. What are some known issues that arise when connecting to network file services?
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.

5. Security risks & account types
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
It does a 7-pass erase.
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder

6. What process or processes are responsible for dashboard widgets?
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.

7. What shared items are accessible to any user who connects via FTP?

8. Best command to list items in a folder?
ls
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
Applications - Library - System - Users
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image

9. Utilities available from OS X install DVD
They're used to combine complex items into individual folders. Packages appear as a single item.
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility

10. What is the safe boot keyboard combo?
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
Hold down shift on startup
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.

11. What are six common system resources? What purpose does each one serve and where are they located?
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
May cause data corruption

12. How does the firmware password help secure against password changes?
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
based on the user's current location
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.

13. In the network preferences - how can you tell which interface is currently being used for network activities?
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing

14. How do you use the finder's burn folder feature?
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings

15. What three common unix commands support Mac filesystem metadata?
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.
cp - mv - rm

16. What are some security concerns with spotlight?
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.

17. What are three common authentication methods?
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.

18. Different between absolute and relative path
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen

19. What does CUPS do?
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.
Single partition drives are easier to setup initially - but aren't as flexible for admin/maintenance. Multiple can segregate data
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.

20. What is a device driver? What three primary types of device drivers are there?
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.
Info pane in Network Utility
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.

21. What are five common directory services and authentication services troubleshooting techniques?
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs

22. How does the IP addresses use the MAC address to send messages between computers on a LAN?

23. What are the primary system initialization stages and user environment stages in Mac OS X and what order do they start?
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing

24. Relative path

25. What does the problem-reporting feature do?
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.

26. What five network file services can you connect to from the Finder's Connect To Server dialog?
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.

27. What is a directory as it relates to directory services?
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.

28. What 4 methods can be used to eject a volume from the finder?
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
The client uses the subnet mask to decide if the client is on the LAN. If it's not on the LAN - then it sends the data to the IP address of the local router. Traffic continues through routers until it reaches the destination.
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
computer hostname - working directory - user account

29. What are resource forks and why have they fallen out of favor?

30. How does resetting a user's password as an admin user affect their keychain?
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
System Profiler

31. What are they advantages of code-signing?
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps

32. Security risk with fast user switching?
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos

33. What are PPD files responsible for?
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.

34. What items are shared by default to all users?

35. What does a keychain do?
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.

36. What is Rosetta and what types of items are not supported by Rosetta?
System Profiler
It does a 7-pass erase.
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps

37. How do permissions in the Finder appear different than those in the terminal?
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.

38. What are four common issues that can interrupt network services on a Mac OS X computer?
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d

39. Five types of accounts in 10.6
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.

40. What role does loginwindow serve in system start-up?
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase

41. What is the purpose of IP addresses and subnet masks? What is their format?
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing

42. What are the four erase options in disk utility?

43. Two primary partition schemes for mac formatted drives?
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs

44. What is the relationship between a network service and a network port?
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD

45. What type of files are omitted from time machine backups?
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.

46. What are four advantages of using network directory services to store account information?
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d

47. How do you provide Mac OS X file sharing services so that other computers can access them?

48. How is Disk utility's verify and repair feature used?

49. Where does spotlight store its metadata index databases? How about the plugins?

50. 6 volumes supported by OS X
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF