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ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, apple

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Advantages/disadvantages of single/multiple partition drives in OS X

2. What is the safe boot keyboard combo?
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
Hold down shift on startup
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage

3. What process or processes are responsible for dashboard widgets?
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.

4. How does the firmware password help secure against password changes?
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.

5. Security risks & account types
It does a 7-pass erase.
To run commands as the root user
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files

6. How do you provide Mac OS X web-sharing services?
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem

7. What does 'ignore volume ownership' do in the Finder?
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.

8. How does resetting a user's password as an admin user affect their keychain?
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.

9. What are the primary differences between local - network - and mobile accounts?
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.
ls
cat - less
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.

10. Why does the Finder hider certain folders at the root of the system volume?

11. How do you identify ownership and permissions of a file or folder in the Finder? In the command line?
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
To run commands as the root user
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.

12. What are four advantages of using network directory services to store account information?
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
Describe containers in the file system
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos

13. How does the default organization of the filesystem allow users to safely share local files and folder?
ls
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.

14. What are seven common types of resources Mac OS X can access from a directory service?
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.

15. What functionality does 10.6 support with AppleTalk?
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
Nothing.
It does a 7-pass erase.

16. How does file system journaling work?
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
The client uses the subnet mask to decide if the client is on the LAN. If it's not on the LAN - then it sends the data to the IP address of the local router. Traffic continues through routers until it reaches the destination.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH

17. What is the purpose of IP addresses and subnet masks? What is their format?
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.
Users' public folders
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.

18. How does Time Machine maintain a backup history of the system?

19. Absolute path
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
Full directions to a specific item
Applications - Library - System - Users

20. How are the permissions on the shared folder set to allow local user sharing?
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
The computer's website files are located in /Library/WebServer/Documents and each users' is inside ~/Sites
Single partition drives are easier to setup initially - but aren't as flexible for admin/maintenance. Multiple can segregate data

21. What backup destinations does Time Machine support?
System Profiler
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.

22. What is target disk mode and how is it engaged?
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
Info pane in Network Utility

23. What does the problem-reporting feature do?
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
Parental controls

24. 3 Main components of a typical command
To run commands as the root user
The client uses the subnet mask to decide if the client is on the LAN. If it's not on the LAN - then it sends the data to the IP address of the local router. Traffic continues through routers until it reaches the destination.
command - options - arguments
They're used to combine complex items into individual folders. Packages appear as a single item.

25. Why might a previously backed-up item no longer be available in Time Machine?
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH

26. What items are shared by default to all users?

27. How does Mac OS X use dynamic network discovery protocols to access network services?
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.

28. What are five common directory services and authentication services troubleshooting techniques?
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
Nothing.
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing

29. How do you further resolve and issue that disappears when the Mac successfully safe-boots?
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.
cp - mv - rm

30. Three minium requirements for creating a command line script
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.

31. 6 volumes supported by OS X
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
Describe containers in the file system
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF

32. What are some security concerns with spotlight?
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.

33. What four Directory Service types can used in Mac OS X?
cat - less
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
May cause data corruption
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.

34. How do permissions in the Finder appear different than those in the terminal?
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase

35. What are five application environments supported by Mac OS X and what are they used for?
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)

36. What are the three primary steps for setting up bootcamp?
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.

37. What are three common authentication methods?
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
Full directions to a specific item
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos

38. How can you limit a user account?
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
Parental controls
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.

39. What role does loginwindow serve in system start-up?
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.

40. Utilities available from OS X install DVD
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.

41. What are six common system resources? What purpose does each one serve and where are they located?
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.

42. What steps should you take when troubleshooting app issues?
To run commands as the root user
Admins have access to any locally-connected volume whereas standard users can only access their home folders and other user's Public folders.
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.

43. How do you share printers with other Mac and Windows users?

44. Relative path

45. How does file-fault secure a user's data?
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem

46. What does Mac OS X use bundles or packages for?

47. What are three common troubleshooting techniques for issues involving failure to connect to network services?
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
System Profiler

48. How is Disk utility's verify and repair feature used?

49. How do kerberos and keychain system differ for managing authentication services?
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.

50. Security risk with fast user switching?
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH