Test your basic knowledge |

ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, apple

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How does the IP addresses use the MAC address to send messages between computers on a LAN?

2. Where does spotlight store its metadata index databases? How about the plugins?

3. How does network service order affect network connectivity?
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.

4. What are the two primary automation technologies for the GUI?
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.

5. What is the safe boot keyboard combo?
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
Hold down shift on startup
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu

6. Four methods to access CLI
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH

7. 6 volumes supported by OS X
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
HFS+ (Mac OS X Extended Journaled - Mac OS X Extended Case Sensitive Journaled - Mac OS X Extended) - HFS - UFS - FAT32 - NTFS - UDF
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.

8. How does resetting the master filevault password affect existing filevault user accounts?
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.

9. What is Rosetta and what types of items are not supported by Rosetta?
cp - mv - rm
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
Internet traffic goes through the primary interface.

10. What client-sharing services can Mac OS X provide?
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.

11. How do you provide Mac OS X file sharing services so that other computers can access them?

12. What two dynamic network service discovery protocols are supported by Mac OS X?
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.

13. What is a directory as it relates to directory services?
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.
Users' passwords must be stored in a special format - which is less secure - and must be explicitly enabled.
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
Full directions to a specific item

14. What does 'ignore volume ownership' do in the Finder?
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.

15. How does the spotlight search service use metadata?
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.

16. What are some common file flags and extended attributes used by Mac OS X?
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S

17. What does iSync do?
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar

18. Where are preferences stored? What format is generally used?
It stores the home folder as an encrypted sparse-bundle disk image
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.
Any Mac OS X Extended volume including volumes from disk images stored on an AFP share on OS X Server.
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.

19. 3 Main components of a typical command
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
command - options - arguments
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.

20. In the network preferences - how can you tell which interface is currently being used for network activities?
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
Individual pieces of information used to define a user such as user ID - UUID - home directory - etc.
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.

21. Different between absolute and relative path
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.
Nothing.
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.

22. What does the problem-reporting feature do?
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.

23. What password issues may arise related to the SMB service?

24. Absolute path
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
Full directions to a specific item
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.

25. How does Boot Camp work?
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.

26. What happens during system shutdown?
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar

27. What 4 methods can be used to eject a volume from the finder?
The firmware initializes the Mac's hardware and and locates the booter file on the system volume. The Power-On Self Test (POST) checks for basic hardware functionality.
Parental controls
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.

28. What files are associated with the computer's website? What about the users' websites?

29. What are the device classes used by Mac OS X to categorize peripherals? What are some examples of each class?
human input devices (HIDs) like keyboards and mice - storage devices like hard drives - printers - scanners - digital cameras - video devices including both input and output - and audio devices.
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.
To run commands as the root user
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.

30. How do Mac OS X computers acquire and use link-local TCP/IP addresses?

31. What are five common directory services and authentication services troubleshooting techniques?
GUID partition table for intel-based macs - Apple-Partition-Map for PPC macs
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.

32. How can you force quit an app from the GUI?
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root

33. What items are shared by default to all users?

34. Why does the Finder hider certain folders at the root of the system volume?

35. What are some known issues that arise when connecting to network file services?
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.

36. 6 Reasons to use the CLI
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.

37. Locate system version - build number - serial number location
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.
It addresses the outgoing packets based on the destination device's MAC address

38. What are the primary system initialization stages and user environment stages in Mac OS X and what order do they start?
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.

39. What is sudo used for?
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
Full directions to a specific item
based on the user's current location
To run commands as the root user

40. What is the relationship between clients and servers as it relates to network service access?
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
iSync allows you to sync personal info between Mac OS X apps and peripherals like Palm PDAs - and Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
based on the user's current location

41. How is Disk utility's verify and repair feature used?

42. How can you identify the type of a particular application?
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.

43. What is the potential side effect of improperly unmounting or ejecting a volume?
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
May cause data corruption
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
computer hostname - working directory - user account

44. What interfaces and protocols are supported by default in in Mac OS X?
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
Too many to list. Hehe.

45. What 3 types of resource contention issues can occur when fast user switching is enabled?
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.

46. Why is time machine bad at backing up large databases?
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.

47. What process or processes are responsible for dashboard widgets?
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV

48. Relative path

49. What role does loginwindow serve in system start-up?
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
Don't erase data - zero out the data - 7-pass erase - 35-pass erase

50. How can you limit a user account?
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
Parental controls