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ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, apple

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How do kerberos and keychain system differ for managing authentication services?
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
Admins have access to any locally-connected volume whereas standard users can only access their home folders and other user's Public folders.
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.

2. What happens during system shutdown?
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display

3. What is the potential side effect of improperly unmounting or ejecting a volume?
May cause data corruption
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
Users' public folders

4. Utilities available from OS X install DVD
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.

5. What are the four default top-level folders available in the Finder?
Applications - Library - System - Users
Users' public folders
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH

6. Advantages/disadvantages of single/multiple partition drives in OS X

7. Difference between disk drives - partition - and volume

8. How does the system determine what app to use to open a file?
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
They're used to combine complex items into individual folders. Packages appear as a single item.

9. Default install packages
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
based on the user's current location

10. What do the terms interface - protocol - and service mean in relation to computer networks?
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
Users' public folders

11. What are the four erase options in disk utility?

12. What are six common system resources? What purpose does each one serve and where are they located?
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
Local accounts are just for that Mac - network accounts are available anywhere on the network - and Mobile accounts create a cached local copy of a network account for offline access.
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d

13. Where are preferences stored? What format is generally used?
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
command - options - arguments
Single partition drives are easier to setup initially - but aren't as flexible for admin/maintenance. Multiple can segregate data
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.

14. Three minium requirements for creating a command line script
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution

15. What steps should you take when troubleshooting app issues?
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.

16. What are some known issues that arise when connecting to network file services?
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.

17. What are some security concerns with spotlight?
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
Code signed items include a digital signature that the system can use to verify the authenticity and integrity of the application or process and its resources.
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.

18. 3 Main components of a typical command
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
command - options - arguments
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.

19. Security risks & account types
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.
Nothing.

20. What is the purpose of IP addresses and subnet masks? What is their format?
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
Bonjour and NetBios & WINS
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.
To run commands as the root user

21. What system preference enables the accessibility features of OS X - what are they - and where are the preferences stored?
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
If a known master password is reset - existing accounts are not negatively affected. If the master is reset because it was lost - however - preexisting accounts cannot be reset by the new password until the old FileVault passwords are reset.

22. What is a device driver? What three primary types of device drivers are there?
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
Applications - Library - System - Users
A driver is a piece of software designed to facilitate the communication between Mac OS X and the peripheral. There are kernel extensions - framework plug-ins - or stand-alone applications.
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder

23. What are the two primary automation technologies for the GUI?
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.

24. How is Disk utility's verify and repair feature used?

25. Best command to list items in a folder?
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
ls
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language

26. What are some common file flags and extended attributes used by Mac OS X?
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
based on the user's current location
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
Users' passwords must be stored in a special format - which is less secure - and must be explicitly enabled.

27. Locate system version - build number - serial number location
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.
Describe containers in the file system
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.

28. What are the visual or audible cues for each system initialization stage?
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
Finder shows only 4 different permissions options: read/write - read-only - write-only - and no access. Terminal can show you any possible combination.
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences

29. What type of files are omitted from time machine backups?
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.
Info pane in Network Utility
cp - mv - rm

30. Default 9 home folder folders?
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM
Documents - Movies - Music - Pictures - Library - Downloads - Desktop - Public - Sites

31. Different between absolute and relative path
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.

32. Which two commands can read text files?
based on the user's current location
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
cat - less

33. What are four common issues that can interrupt network services on a Mac OS X computer?
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
Set the mac's network identification - enable the desired service - define access.System preferences >> Sharing

34. Path
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.

35. How does the default organization of the filesystem allow users to safely share local files and folder?
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.

36. In the network preferences - how can you tell which interface is currently being used for network activities?
Users' passwords must be stored in a special format - which is less secure - and must be explicitly enabled.
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
Cocoa - Carbon - BSD (CLI) - X11 - Java (Cocoa is native - Carbon is based on OS 9 but still provides OS X performance - X11 is a unix windowing environment)

37. How can you identify the type of a particular application?
Get Info from Finder or System Profiler
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.

38. What are seven common types of resources Mac OS X can access from a directory service?
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
Full directions to a specific item

39. What is a directory as it relates to directory services?
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
Info pane in Network Utility

40. Why might a previously backed-up item no longer be available in Time Machine?
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage
If the backup volume became full and removed the older item(s).
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.

41. How do you use disk utility to burn an optical disk?
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.
Client software is used to access services provided by a server
Drag the disk image into disk utility and press burn
Every home folder has the public folder and dropbox folder whereas all other home folders are protected.

42. How can you force quit an app from the GUI?
Apple Menu>> Force Quit - Activity Monitor - Dock contextual menu
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.
It records what file operations are in progress at any given moment. If a power failure or system crash occurs - it can verify the integrity by replaying the journal.

43. What is the difference between safe boot - safe mode - and safe login?
Describe containers in the file system
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.
RAID 0 uses striping to increase performance. RAID 1 uses disk mirroring.
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen

44. What five network file services can you connect to from the Finder's Connect To Server dialog?
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.
Absolute always start at the root of the filesystem - whereas relative paths start where the user is current at
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?

45. How do you provide Mac OS X file sharing services so that other computers can access them?

46. What are three common authentication methods?
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
Users' passwords must be stored in a special format - which is less secure - and must be explicitly enabled.
More options than GUI - bypass finder restrictions - root access - remote ssh is invisible to users - automation easy with scripting - easy combining with ARD

47. Min hardware requirements for 10.6
Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) manages all printing and faxing for the system.
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.
1 GB of RAM - 5 GB of disk space - DVD drive - display
Print and Fax or Sharing Preferences. For windows users - you must enable users' password in the SMB file sharing settings in Sharing Preferences.

48. What role does loginwindow serve in system start-up?
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
Used to make the filesystem appear less complex. Data forks and resource forks are combined to appear as a single item. They have fallen out because they're not compatible with non Mac-OS volumes and are not extensible.
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul

49. What items are not loaded when Mac OS X safe boots?
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
It monitors all incoming connections and requests. Connections are allowed on a per-application basis. Advanced options include signing options - stealth mode - and more.
The network service operates or broadcasts on a network port.
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.

50. What are resource forks and why have they fallen out of favor?