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ACSP: Apple Certified Support Professional Os X Support

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, apple

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Relative path

2. What are five common directory services and authentication services troubleshooting techniques?
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
1.) Try another account 2.) Reset the account password 3.) Verify directory service connectivity 4) Verify kerberos authentication & config 5.) Check directory service log files

3. What are seven common types of resources Mac OS X can access from a directory service?
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
The status indicator lights - Green - yellow - red.
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps

4. What are some security concerns with spotlight?
Parental controls
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.

5. What password issues may arise related to the SMB service?

6. What is Rosetta and what types of items are not supported by Rosetta?
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.

7. How does the system determine what app to use to open a file?
Common flags include locked and hidden - Common extended attributes include an items color - spotlight comments - etc.
Launch Services maintains a database of associated file types and applications.
Root has unlimited access - Admin can change system files & settings - guest can dump tons of files
cat - less

8. What is protected memory? What is 64 bit memory addressing?
Devices providing network services broadcast their existence and Mac OS X picks up on these broadcasts and provides a list of services.
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory using protected memory. 64 bit memory addressing allows apps to directly access more than 4 GB of ram.

9. What are four advantages of using network directory services to store account information?
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
Nothing.
They're used to combine complex items into individual folders. Packages appear as a single item.

10. What items are shared by default to all users?

11. What are the four default top-level folders available in the Finder?
Applications - Library - System - Users
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
Too many to list. Hehe.
Users don't traditionally need access to them - and if they do - they can use Terminal.

12. What are some known issues that arise when connecting to network file services?
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
It does a 7-pass erase.
System launchd is responsible for starting every single system process. It manages system initialization and launches loginwindow.
They're stored at the root of every volume in a /.Spotlight-V100 folder. A fileVault user's database is stored in his vault in his home user. Mail is in ~/Library/Mail/Mail Envelope. Spotlight plugins can be in any library folder in a folder called S

13. How is the DOmain Name Service used to facilitate network naming?
firmware - startup chim or bright flash of power-on light and light gray screen booter - dark gray apple logo on primary display kernel - small gray spinning gear system launchd - bright blue screen
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
The DNS Service is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and IP addresses to domain names via reverse lookups.

14. What are the primary system initialization stages and user environment stages in Mac OS X and what order do they start?
The user's loginwindow process does the following: Request that all user applications quit - quits any user backgroun processes - runs any logout scripts - records the logout to the man system.log - resets device permissions and preferences to defaul
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage
It starts with a full copy of the system and then it records any changes made to the system and only copies those changes. It creates a simulation of the entire system using hard links for files that didn't change.
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.

15. What is the sticky bit?

16. How do kerberos and keychain system differ for managing authentication services?
Kerberos can only be used to authenticate against kerberized services and is often managed on a network-wide scale.
It addresses the outgoing packets based on the destination device's MAC address
Safe boot refers to when the system is starting up - safe mode is when the system is actually running - and safe login is when the system starts up the user session.
IP addresses identify the location of a specific network device. Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range. IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number represented in 4 groups of four octets separated by periods. 0-255.

17. What files are associated with the computer's website? What about the users' websites?

18. What four Directory Service types can used in Mac OS X?
command - options - arguments
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
Local - BSD Flat File and NIS - LDAPv3 - AD
Finder get info - command line run ls -l

19. What role does loginwindow serve in system start-up?
It will not load any third party KEXTs - third-party LaunchAgents - LaunchDaemons - StartupItems - fonts - any user login items - or any user specific LaunchAgents.
It allows Windows XP SP2+ - Vista - and 7 to run natively on the Mac by running a separate partition.
cat - less
loginwindow displays the login window and then sets up and manages the GUI user environment.

20. What happens during system shutdown?
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.
Run the assistant - install windows - install drivers.
Parental controls
The loginwindow process logs all users out and then tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes.

21. What client-sharing services can Mac OS X provide?
A database of information that in some cases can be shared to the network. Account information is the most commonly accessed directory resource.
Zip files are created with the Finder and are compatible with many OSes. Good for small files & small number of items. Disk Images are created in disk utility.
May cause data corruption
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing

22. What are resource forks and why have they fallen out of favor?

23. How do you use the finder's burn folder feature?
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
Interface is any channel through which networks data can flow. Hardware network interfaces are defined by physical network connections - while virtual network connections are logical network connections on top of hardware connections. Protocol is a s
User preferences are in ~/Library and the format is often Property List - which is just a special XML file.
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder

24. How do you provide Mac OS X web-sharing services?
Prevents users from using the reset password utility on the os x install dvd because they cannot boot from it.
Enable Web Sharing in System Preferences
Clear-text - encrypted - Kerberos
command - options - arguments

25. Locate system version - build number - serial number location
All users can read/write - but only the creator can delete. This uses the sticky bit.
Terminal - Single User Mode - >Console from login window - SSH
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.

26. What three common unix commands support Mac filesystem metadata?
cp - mv - rm
based on the user's current location
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.
Nothing.

27. How is Disk utility's verify and repair feature used?

28. What are the two primary automation technologies for the GUI?
cp - mv - rm
Automator is a workflow based application whereas AppleScript is an english-like scripting language
User accounts - user groups - computer accounts - computer groups - network file mounts - management settings - and collaboration information.
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV

29. How do you further resolve and issue that disappears when the Mac successfully safe-boots?
Find the third-party resource causing the problem. Start in verbose mode and see where the startup fails.
Hold down shift on startup
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.

30. How do you share printers with other Mac and Windows users?

31. How does Time Machine maintain a backup history of the system?

32. What does 'ignore volume ownership' do in the Finder?
The Dock process starts the DashboardClient process. All widgets run inside one of the two DashboardClient processes.
computer hostname - working directory - user account
This ignores any ownership rules and will grant any logged-on user unlimited access to the contents of the volume.
Launch daemons and startup items are launched during system initialization by the system launchd process on behalf of root. Launch agents and login items are opened during the initialization of the GUI environment by the user's launchd process.

33. What steps should you take when troubleshooting app issues?
About this mac or system profiler. System is general release number - build is specific - and serial number represents the machine.
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.

34. What three methods can be used to select the start-up disk?
Defines the directions to a specific item in the filesystem
It will allow any user to search any attached non-system volume if ownership is ignored.
Applications - Library - System - Users
Option key - Startup Disk preference pane in OS X - or the BootCamp utility in Windows.

35. What is the potential side effect of improperly unmounting or ejecting a volume?
May cause data corruption
Check for firmware updates - verify app compatibility - back up files - document critical settings
Press the eject button - file>>eject - drag to trash - press eject in the sidebar
Intel - directly attached input devices - 10.5 or later - all new firmware updates - 10.5 or greater install disc - 10 gigs of free space - 2 GB or more of RAM

36. How does the IP addresses use the MAC address to send messages between computers on a LAN?

37. What does a keychain do?
Securely stores passwords - form-fills - etc.
Restart the app - try another document - try another user account - check log files - delete caches - replace preferences - and replace app resources.
Disk drive is the hardware itself - partitions are logical divisions of a drive's storage - and volumes are stored inside partitions and define how data is stored to the storage
Run PPC based apps on newer Intel macs. It does not support pre-OS X apps - the Classic environment - PPC screen-savers - PPC preference panes - G5 specific apps - PPC kernel extensions - some Java apps

38. What network services are provided by your Mac to facilitate Internet sharing? What options are available for Internet sharing your Mac's AirPort wireless Ethernet interface?
File>>Create Burn Folder and drag items in then press burn. OR Insert blank media and choose new Burn Folder
ls
Your Mac provides network routing NAT - DHCP - and DNS forwarding services for any device connected. When sharing AirPort - you can specify and SSID - channel - and WEP settings.
Admins have access to any locally-connected volume whereas standard users can only access their home folders and other user's Public folders.

39. What is the relationship between clients and servers as it relates to network service access?
Describe containers in the file system
It does a 7-pass erase.
Review network preferences - review network utility preferences - and attempt to connect to different network services
Client software is used to access services provided by a server

40. What two methods can be used to hide items from the Finder?
Start the name with a . - or enable the hidden file flag.
AFP - SMB - FTP - NFS - WebDAV
It has to copy the entire thing over again on each change.
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.

41. How do you identify ownership and permissions of a file or folder in the Finder? In the command line?
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
Finder get info - command line run ls -l
Standard - Admin - Guest - Sharing-Only - Root
Describe containers in the file system

42. Security risk with fast user switching?
System Profiler - Disk Utility - Reset Password Utility - Firmware Password - Restore from Time Machine Backup - Startup Disk - Terminal - Network Utility
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
Forked files may cause issues for NFS and WebDAV. Also avoid AFP 2 on Windows file servers.
Locally connected volumes are fully accessible to any logged in user.

43. What are PPD files responsible for?
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are printer driver files that instruct the CUPS system on how to communicate with specific printer models.
It's a special permission used to define a folder as an append-only destination (only the creator can delete the file he creates)
computer hostname - working directory - user account
Using information provided by the dynamic network services discovery protocols. Computers providing services appear as resources whereas service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders.

44. Why is the root of a user's home folder visible to others?
So they can navigate to the public or sites folder
If the DHCP request goes unanswered - it'll get a self-assigned IP in the 169.254 range.
May cause data corruption
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences

45. How does resetting a user's password as an admin user affect their keychain?
Core system files - fonts - X11 - nearby & local printers - language translations
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location
This will not change the keychain. They can either unlock the keychain with the old password to sync them - or create a new keychain.
1.) Create a plain text file w/ the 2.) Make the first line #!/bin/bash 3.) Change the permissions to allow execution

46. What is authentication and authorization?
Universal Access - items for the seeing or hearing impaired - keyboard and mouse difficulties - and are stored in ~/Library/Preferences
Authentication is who am I?Authorization is what can I do?
extensions - tied to the kernel to provide hardware support - frameworks - shared code libraries - fonts - preference files - configuration info - Launch Agents and Launch Daemons - used by launchd to provide auto-starting services - logs - contain d
1.) User accounts not tied to individual Macs 2.) Same user account for multiple services 3.) Kerberos SSO 4.) Define user/comp settings in a single location

47. What does the firmware do? What is the POST?

48. 3 Default items in CLI prompt
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/LaunchDaemons - /Library/StartupItems - /etc/rc.local (maybe)
Screen sharing - remote login - remote management - remote apple events - and Xgrid sharing
computer hostname - working directory - user account
The spotlight search service creates index databases of file system metadata so that it can perform normally time-intensive searches nearly instantly.

49. What does the problem-reporting feature do?
Resource contention general - an item another user has running. Document contention for document another user has open. Peripheral contention for peripheral in use by another user. Application contention for when an app is designed to be open only on
Access is based on the local filesystem. They'll start in their home folder but can traverse anywhere they have permission to do so.
It enacts itself any time an App crashes or hangs indefinitely. It send an error report and any comments to Apple.
Temp files - spotlight indexes - items in the trash - and any files defined as exempt either by you or by an application.

50. What are four common issues that can interrupt network services on a Mac OS X computer?
Firmware - booter - kernel - and system launchd. Primary user environment stages are loginwindow - user launchd - and user environment.
Hold down T on boot - allows the mac to be turned into a very large - and expensive - external hard drive or disc drive.
Disconnected cable - nonfunctioning port - DHCP issue - DNS issue
It's used to verify or repair the directory structure of a volume which contains all the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.