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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






2. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






3. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.






4. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






5. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






6. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






7. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






8. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






9. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






10. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






11. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






12. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






13. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






14. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.






15. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






16. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






17. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.






18. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






19. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






20. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






21. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit






22. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






23. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






24. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






25. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






26. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






27. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






28. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.






29. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






30. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.






31. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






32. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






33. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






34. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






35. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






36. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






37. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit






38. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






39. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






40. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






41. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






42. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






43. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






44. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






45. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






46. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






47. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






48. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.






49. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






50. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.