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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






2. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






3. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






4. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






5. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






6. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






7. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






8. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






9. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






10. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






11. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






12. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






13. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






14. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






15. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






16. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






17. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






18. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






19. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






20. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






21. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






22. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






23. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






24. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






25. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






26. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






27. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






28. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






29. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






30. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






31. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






32. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






33. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






34. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






35. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






36. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






37. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






38. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






39. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






40. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






41. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






42. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






43. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






44. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






45. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






46. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






47. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






48. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






49. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






50. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.