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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






2. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






3. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






4. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.






5. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






6. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms






7. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






8. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






9. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






10. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






11. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






12. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






13. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






14. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






15. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.






16. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






17. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






18. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






19. Becoming aware of something via the senses






20. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






21. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






22. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






23. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






24. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






25. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






26. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






27. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






28. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






29. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






30. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






31. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






32. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






33. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






34. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






35. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






36. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






37. Becoming aware of something via the senses






38. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






39. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






40. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






41. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






42. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






43. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






44. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






45. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






46. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






47. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






48. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






49. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






50. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.







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