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Test your basic knowledge |
Anthropology Basics - Praxis II
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Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.
Group
Social mobility
Classical Conditioning
Split Brain
2. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms
Mores
Schizophrenia
Deviance
Prosocial Behavior
3. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.
Social Cognition
Secondary Groups
Sigmund Freud
Institutions
4. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.
Reactionary Groups
Socialization
Enculturation
Erik Erickson
5. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.
Sterotypes
Values
Subcultures
Negative Reinforcement
6. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.
Deindividualism
Mores
Habituation
Abnormal Psychology
7. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.
Group Norms
Group
Cultural Anthroplogy
Prejudice
8. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)
Physical Anthroplogy
Norms
Erik Erickson
Cultural Anthroplogy
9. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation
Pluralistic Ignorance
Carl Jung
Habituation
Transference
10. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.
Group Norms
Ethnocentrism
Dominant Cultures
Social Cognition
11. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Primary Groups
Physical Anthroplogy
Folkways
12. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding
Negative Reinforcement
Archaeology
Pluralistic Ignorance
Perception
13. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.
Dominant Cultures
Classical Conditioning
Sterotypes
Reactionary Groups
14. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a
B.F. Skinner
Erik Erickson
Enculturation
Mores
15. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Deindividualism
Group Norms
Status
16. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others
Mores
Ascribed Status
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Negative Sanctions
17. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life
Social Stratification
Ascribed Status
Serial-Position Effect
Pluralistic Ignorance
18. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.
Group Norms
Prejudice
Correlational Research
Pluralism
19. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.
Positive Sanctions
Primary Groups
Split Brain
Prosocial Behavior
20. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms
Abnormal Psychology
Physical Anthroplogy
Latent Learning
Laws
21. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms
Prosocial Behavior
Abnormal Psychology
Deviance
Split Brain
22. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.
Pluralism
Socialization
Ivan Pavlov
Culture Clash
23. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.
Cultural Relativity
Cognitive Theory
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Subcultures
24. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.
Latent Learning
Archaeology
Pluralism
Perception
25. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).
Social Cognition
Humanistic Psychology
Beliefs
Values
26. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.
Sensitive Development Period
Deindividualism
Abnormal Psychology
Erik Erickson
27. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.
Cultural Relativity
Social Cognition
Correlational Research
B.F. Skinner
28. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.
Biases
Jean Piaget
Identity Formation
Humanistic Psychology
29. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.
Identity crisis
Socialization
Utopias
Subcultures
30. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.
Prosocial Behavior
Ideals
Folkways
Correlational Research
31. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.
Transference
Mores
Ascribed Status
Role
32. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.
Carl Jung
Ascribed Status
Culture Clash
Reactionary Groups
33. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.
Behavioral Psychology
Values
Utopias
Habituation
34. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.
Beliefs
Ethnocentrism
Negative Reinforcement
B.F. Skinner
35. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.
Identity crisis
Institutions
Cultural Anthroplogy
Negative Reinforcement
36. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.
Identity crisis
Pluralism
Habituation
Prejudice
37. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth
Negative Sanctions
Group
Jean Piaget
Humanistic Psychology
38. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat
Major Depressive Disorder
Correlational Research
Ethnocentrism
Secondary Groups
39. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.
Group
Transference
Cognitive Theory
Deviance
40. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.
Status
Reactionary Groups
Deviance
Role
41. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en
Serial-Position Effect
Antropology
Ascribed Status
Social Solidarity
42. Specific ideas that people hold to be true
Cognitive Theory
Beliefs
Conflict
Major Depressive Disorder
43. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.
Erik Erickson
Biases
B.F. Skinner
Habituation
44. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.
Primary Groups
Laws
Cultural Diffusion
Archaeology
45. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.
Cultural Diffusion
Prejudice
Perception
Multicultural diversity
46. Unique characteristics of ethics groups
Identity crisis
Multicultural diversity
Group
Jean Piaget
47. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.
Physical Anthroplogy
Utopias
B.F. Skinner
Sterotypes
48. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.
Beliefs
Erik Erickson
Archaeology
Split Brain
49. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself
Biases
Latent Learning
Identity Formation
Archaeology
50. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide
Abnormal Psychology
B.F. Skinner
Sigmund Freud
Social Cognition