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Test your basic knowledge |
Anthropology Basics - Praxis II
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Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw
Group Norms
Beliefs
Behavioral Psychology
Social Stratification
2. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.
Values
Split Brain
Folkways
Social Stratification
3. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.
Social Stratification
Socialization
Latent Learning
Cognitive Theory
4. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.
Archaeology
Habituation
Sterotypes
Prejudice
5. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.
Sigmund Freud
Ivan Pavlov
Socialization
B.F. Skinner
6. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.
Social Stratification
Pluralism
Major Depressive Disorder
Norms
7. Specific ideas that people hold to be true
Pluralism
Beliefs
Dominant Cultures
Folkways
8. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.
Punishment
Social Stratification
Ethnocentrism
Norms
9. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.
Social Cognition
Cognitive Theory
Jean Piaget
Enculturation
10. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide
Subcultures
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Sigmund Freud
Transference
11. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.
Habituation
B.F. Skinner
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Abnormal Psychology
12. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.
Social mobility
Antropology
Mores
Prosocial Behavior
13. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.
Schizophrenia
Ascribed Status
Ethnocentrism
Cultural Diffusion
14. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.
Carl Jung
Deviance
Culture Clash
Ivan Pavlov
15. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.
Pluralistic Ignorance
Humanistic Psychology
Negative Reinforcement
Latent Learning
16. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.
Cultural Diffusion
Folkways
Socialization
Sterotypes
17. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.
Transference
Ethnocentrism
Negative Sanctions
Cultural Anthroplogy
18. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.
Correlational Research
Social Stratification
Ideals
Secondary Groups
19. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.
Secondary Groups
Deviance
Folkways
Culture Clash
20. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.
Ideals
Pluralistic Ignorance
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Multicultural diversity
21. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations
Carl Jung
Norms
Subcultures
Primary Groups
22. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.
Schizophrenia
Positive Sanctions
Dominant Cultures
Cognitive Theory
23. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding
Archaeology
Ascribed Status
Pluralistic Ignorance
Group Norms
24. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.
Ivan Pavlov
Jean Piaget
Culture Clash
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
25. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.
Correlational Research
Conformity
Jean Piaget
Beliefs
26. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations
Humanistic Psychology
Cultural Relativity
Norms
Ascribed Status
27. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.
Punishment
Laws
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Secondary Groups
28. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.
Laws
Ivan Pavlov
Enculturation
Institutions
29. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior
Subcultures
Social Stratification
Prosocial Behavior
Conformity
30. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Pluralism
Positive Sanctions
Secondary Groups
31. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.
Deviance
Cultural Diffusion
Identity crisis
Secondary Groups
32. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems
Secondary Groups
Cultural Anthroplogy
Erik Erickson
Utopias
33. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.
Carl Jung
Negative Sanctions
Humanistic Psychology
Social mobility
34. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.
Role
Laws
Cultural Anthroplogy
Utopias
35. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.
Culture Clash
Institutions
Positive Sanctions
Behavioral Psychology
36. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone
Primary Groups
Transference
B.F. Skinner
Deindividualism
37. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.
Norms
Role
Social mobility
Values
38. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.
Sensitive Development Period
Mores
Beliefs
Carl Jung
39. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms
Secondary Groups
Deviance
Behavioral Psychology
Archaeology
40. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.
Positive Sanctions
Norms
Cognitive Theory
Conformity
41. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit
Cultural Diffusion
Group Norms
Group
Behavioral Psychology
42. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.
Reactionary Groups
Secondary Groups
Carl Jung
Values
43. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.
Primary Groups
Secondary Groups
Positive Sanctions
Prosocial Behavior
44. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.
Culture Clash
Sterotypes
Ideals
Folkways
45. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.
Cognitive Theory
Utopias
Pluralism
Behavioral Psychology
46. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en
Abnormal Psychology
Correlational Research
Serial-Position Effect
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
47. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life
Socialization
Ascribed Status
Secondary Groups
Behavioral Psychology
48. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.
Prejudice
Deviance
Primary Groups
Perception
49. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.
Social mobility
Dominant Cultures
Prejudice
Social Cognition
50. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself
Prosocial Behavior
Ivan Pavlov
Archaeology
Identity Formation