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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.






2. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






3. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






4. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






5. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






6. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






7. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






8. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






9. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






10. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






11. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






12. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






13. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






14. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






15. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






16. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






17. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






18. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






19. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






20. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






21. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






22. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






23. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






24. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






25. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






26. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.






27. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






28. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






29. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






30. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






31. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






32. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.






33. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






34. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






35. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






36. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






37. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






38. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






39. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






40. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






41. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






42. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






43. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






44. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






45. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






46. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






47. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






48. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






49. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






50. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.