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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






2. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






3. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.






4. Becoming aware of something via the senses






5. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






6. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






7. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






8. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






9. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






10. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






11. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






12. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






13. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






14. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






15. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






16. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






17. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






18. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






19. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






20. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






21. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






22. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






23. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.






24. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






25. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






26. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






27. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






28. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms






29. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






30. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






31. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit






32. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






33. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






34. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






35. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






36. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.






37. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






38. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






39. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






40. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.






41. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






42. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






43. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






44. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






45. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






46. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






47. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






48. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






49. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






50. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide