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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






2. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






3. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






4. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






5. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






6. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






7. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






8. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






9. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






10. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.






11. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






12. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






13. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






14. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






15. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






16. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






17. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






18. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






19. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






20. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






21. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






22. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






23. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






24. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






25. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






26. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






27. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






28. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






29. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






30. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






31. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






32. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






33. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






34. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






35. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






36. Becoming aware of something via the senses






37. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






38. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






39. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






40. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






41. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






42. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






43. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






44. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






45. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






46. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






47. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






48. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






49. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






50. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat