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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






2. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






3. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.






4. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






5. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






6. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






7. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






8. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






9. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






10. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






11. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






12. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






13. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






14. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






15. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






16. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






17. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






18. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






19. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






20. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






21. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






22. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






23. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






24. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit






25. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






26. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






27. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






28. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






29. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.






30. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






31. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






32. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






33. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






34. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






35. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






36. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






37. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






38. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






39. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






40. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






41. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






42. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






43. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






44. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






45. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






46. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






47. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






48. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






49. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






50. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life







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