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Test your basic knowledge |
Anthropology Basics - Praxis II
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Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.
Social Cognition
Folkways
Behavioral Psychology
Prosocial Behavior
2. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.
Multicultural diversity
Group Norms
Negative Reinforcement
B.F. Skinner
3. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.
Social Cognition
Behavioral Psychology
Negative Sanctions
Identity crisis
4. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.
Pluralism
Values
Latent Learning
Ethnocentrism
5. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).
Conflict
Physical Anthroplogy
Identity Formation
Schizophrenia
6. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Values
Deviance
Ethnocentrism
7. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.
Abnormal Psychology
Reactionary Groups
Deindividualism
Subcultures
8. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.
Biases
Prejudice
Status
Punishment
9. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.
Transference
Antropology
Cultural Relativity
Institutions
10. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.
Split Brain
Networks
Enculturation
Laws
11. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.
Ascribed Status
Negative Sanctions
Positive Sanctions
Socialization
12. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).
Transference
Identity crisis
Negative Reinforcement
Antropology
13. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Sensitive Development Period
Subcultures
14. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.
Folkways
Mores
Ideals
Culture Clash
15. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.
Utopias
Social Cognition
Negative Sanctions
Conformity
16. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.
Ivan Pavlov
Cultural Relativity
Primary Groups
Prosocial Behavior
17. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems
Classical Conditioning
Social Cognition
Social Solidarity
Secondary Groups
18. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a
Group
B.F. Skinner
Group Norms
Archaeology
19. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.
Institutions
Social Stratification
Jean Piaget
Habituation
20. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.
Split Brain
Social Cognition
Ideals
Jean Piaget
21. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.
Dominant Cultures
Major Depressive Disorder
Subcultures
Antropology
22. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).
Social Stratification
Jean Piaget
Negative Reinforcement
Values
23. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.
Major Depressive Disorder
Dominant Cultures
Role
Jean Piaget
24. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.
Prejudice
Split Brain
Folkways
Socialization
25. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations
Major Depressive Disorder
Deviance
Jean Piaget
Cognitive Theory
26. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.
Physical Anthroplogy
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Norms
Carl Jung
27. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige
Habituation
Prosocial Behavior
Social Stratification
Institutions
28. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.
Habituation
Positive Sanctions
Abnormal Psychology
Cultural Relativity
29. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.
Sterotypes
Negative Reinforcement
Institutions
Social Solidarity
30. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding
Biases
Sterotypes
Pluralistic Ignorance
Paranoid Personality Disorder
31. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.
Pluralistic Ignorance
Schizophrenia
Serial-Position Effect
Utopias
32. Becoming aware of something via the senses
Status
Dominant Cultures
Correlational Research
Perception
33. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.
Social Stratification
Beliefs
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Subcultures
34. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.
Multicultural diversity
Group
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Biases
35. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide
Behavioral Psychology
Social Solidarity
Sigmund Freud
Latent Learning
36. Unique characteristics of ethics groups
Mores
Sterotypes
Multicultural diversity
Status
37. Becoming aware of something via the senses
Split Brain
Latent Learning
Values
Perception
38. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.
Utopias
Conformity
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Social Stratification
39. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige
Social Stratification
Beliefs
Deviance
Classical Conditioning
40. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.
Sigmund Freud
Culture Clash
Correlational Research
Negative Reinforcement
41. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige
Social Stratification
Schizophrenia
Antropology
Ascribed Status
42. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit
Ascribed Status
Mores
Group
Networks
43. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior
Carl Jung
Positive Sanctions
Prosocial Behavior
Carl Jung
44. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.
Split Brain
Correlational Research
Biases
Folkways
45. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.
Cognitive Theory
Primary Groups
Carl Jung
Archaeology
46. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.
Negative Reinforcement
Cultural Diffusion
Antropology
B.F. Skinner
47. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).
Transference
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Cultural Anthroplogy
Cognitive Theory
48. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.
Latent Learning
Mores
Culture Clash
Enculturation
49. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.
Correlational Research
Schizophrenia
Norms
Folkways
50. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.
Beliefs
Utopias
Correlational Research
Ivan Pavlov