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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






2. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






3. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






4. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






5. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






6. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






7. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






8. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






9. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






10. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.






11. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






12. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






13. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






14. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






15. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






16. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






17. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






18. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






19. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






20. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






21. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






22. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






23. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






24. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






25. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






26. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






27. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






28. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






29. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






30. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






31. Becoming aware of something via the senses






32. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.






33. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






34. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.






35. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






36. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






37. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






38. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






39. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






40. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






41. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






42. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






43. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






44. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






45. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






46. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






47. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






48. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






49. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






50. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.