Test your basic knowledge |

Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






2. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






3. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






4. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






5. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






6. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






7. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






8. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






9. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






10. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






11. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






12. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






13. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






14. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






15. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






16. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






17. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






18. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.






19. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






20. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






21. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






22. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






23. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






24. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






25. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






26. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






27. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






28. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






29. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.






30. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






31. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






32. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






33. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






34. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






35. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






36. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






37. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.






38. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.






39. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






40. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






41. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






42. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






43. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






44. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






45. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






46. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






47. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






48. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.






49. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






50. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding