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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






2. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






3. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






4. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






5. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






6. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






7. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






8. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






9. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






10. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






11. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






12. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






13. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






14. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






15. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






16. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






17. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






18. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






19. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






20. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






21. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






22. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






23. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






24. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






25. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






26. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






27. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






28. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






29. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






30. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






31. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






32. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






33. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






34. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






35. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






36. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






37. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






38. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.






39. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






40. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






41. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






42. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






43. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






44. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






45. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






46. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






47. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






48. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






49. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit






50. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior