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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






2. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






3. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






4. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






5. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






6. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






7. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






8. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






9. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






10. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






11. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






12. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






13. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






14. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






15. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






16. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






17. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.






18. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






19. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






20. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






21. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






22. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit






23. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






24. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






25. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






26. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






27. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






28. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






29. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






30. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






31. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






32. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






33. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






34. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






35. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






36. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






37. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






38. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






39. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






40. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






41. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.






42. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






43. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






44. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






45. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






46. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






47. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






48. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






49. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






50. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.