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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






2. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






3. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






4. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






5. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






6. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






7. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






8. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






9. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






10. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






11. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






12. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






13. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






14. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






15. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






16. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






17. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






18. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






19. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






20. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.






21. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






22. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






23. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






24. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






25. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






26. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






27. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






28. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






29. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






30. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






31. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






32. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






33. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






34. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






35. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






36. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






37. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






38. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






39. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit






40. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






41. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






42. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






43. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






44. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.






45. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






46. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






47. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






48. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






49. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






50. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.