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Test your basic knowledge |
Anthropology Basics - Praxis II
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Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.
Mores
Correlational Research
Archaeology
Cultural Relativity
2. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.
Social Stratification
Beliefs
Status
Biases
3. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.
Negative Sanctions
Group
Multicultural diversity
Folkways
4. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.
Transference
Social Cognition
Positive Sanctions
Ascribed Status
5. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself
Identity Formation
Cognitive Theory
Cultural Diffusion
Subcultures
6. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.
Punishment
Institutions
Cognitive Theory
Ideals
7. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.
Jean Piaget
Socialization
Laws
Cultural Anthroplogy
8. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.
Negative Sanctions
Laws
Multicultural diversity
Group Norms
9. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.
Deindividualism
Negative Reinforcement
Erik Erickson
Perception
10. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.
Carl Jung
Beliefs
Habituation
Schizophrenia
11. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.
Cultural Diffusion
Enculturation
Behavioral Psychology
Schizophrenia
12. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.
Beliefs
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Correlational Research
Sigmund Freud
13. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.
Humanistic Psychology
Punishment
Negative Sanctions
Beliefs
14. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations
Norms
Status
Ideals
Behavioral Psychology
15. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding
Cultural Diffusion
Deindividualism
Pluralistic Ignorance
Conformity
16. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems
Subcultures
Culture Clash
Split Brain
Secondary Groups
17. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.
Ivan Pavlov
Biases
Social mobility
Social Stratification
18. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).
Negative Sanctions
Identity crisis
Conflict
Humanistic Psychology
19. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.
Ideals
Humanistic Psychology
Mores
Social Stratification
20. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.
Antropology
Conflict
Culture Clash
Laws
21. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.
Negative Sanctions
Habituation
Antropology
Social mobility
22. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life
Social Cognition
Ascribed Status
Secondary Groups
Jean Piaget
23. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat
Identity crisis
Institutions
Group
Major Depressive Disorder
24. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw
Group Norms
Serial-Position Effect
Classical Conditioning
Paranoid Personality Disorder
25. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations
Antropology
B.F. Skinner
Jean Piaget
Classical Conditioning
26. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.
Identity crisis
Archaeology
Sensitive Development Period
Values
27. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.
Erik Erickson
Pluralism
Carl Jung
Institutions
28. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation
Carl Jung
Social Stratification
Cultural Diffusion
Networks
29. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.
Social Cognition
Socialization
Positive Sanctions
Folkways
30. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.
Antropology
Norms
Subcultures
Ascribed Status
31. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Group
Folkways
Sensitive Development Period
32. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.
Habituation
Cultural Anthroplogy
Ideals
Social Stratification
33. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life
Identity Formation
Ascribed Status
Biases
Major Depressive Disorder
34. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.
Serial-Position Effect
Reactionary Groups
Sensitive Development Period
Social Solidarity
35. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.
Institutions
Beliefs
Laws
Subcultures
36. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.
Erik Erickson
Culture Clash
Social Solidarity
Networks
37. Becoming aware of something via the senses
Behavioral Psychology
Mores
Major Depressive Disorder
Perception
38. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.
Enculturation
Habituation
Sterotypes
Serial-Position Effect
39. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.
Negative Sanctions
Cultural Diffusion
Identity crisis
Negative Reinforcement
40. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.
Enculturation
Conflict
B.F. Skinner
Carl Jung
41. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige
Social Stratification
Dominant Cultures
Pluralism
Ideals
42. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.
Identity crisis
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Deviance
Prejudice
43. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.
Laws
Sterotypes
Dominant Cultures
Abnormal Psychology
44. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.
Laws
Identity Formation
Antropology
Dominant Cultures
45. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.
Role
Perception
Negative Reinforcement
Dissociative Identity Disorder
46. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.
Major Depressive Disorder
Sigmund Freud
Enculturation
Dissociative Identity Disorder
47. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige
Socialization
Social Stratification
Transference
Paranoid Personality Disorder
48. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)
Erik Erickson
Laws
Prejudice
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
49. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en
Identity Formation
Serial-Position Effect
Archaeology
Primary Groups
50. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.
Correlational Research
Transference
Reactionary Groups
Transference