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Test your basic knowledge |
Anthropology Basics - Praxis II
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.
Classical Conditioning
Erik Erickson
Ethnocentrism
Social Stratification
2. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth
Enculturation
Role
Humanistic Psychology
Sterotypes
3. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.
Correlational Research
Erik Erickson
Transference
Pluralistic Ignorance
4. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself
Identity Formation
Carl Jung
Perception
Utopias
5. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Pluralistic Ignorance
Dominant Cultures
Primary Groups
6. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)
Erik Erickson
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Social Solidarity
7. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.
Sensitive Development Period
Humanistic Psychology
Transference
Folkways
8. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.
Perception
Conflict
Socialization
Cultural Relativity
9. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.
Secondary Groups
Subcultures
Conformity
Schizophrenia
10. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.
Values
Ascribed Status
Pluralism
Social Cognition
11. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.
Secondary Groups
B.F. Skinner
Ivan Pavlov
Cultural Diffusion
12. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.
Negative Reinforcement
Cultural Anthroplogy
Norms
Cultural Diffusion
13. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.
Ethnocentrism
Positive Sanctions
Networks
Beliefs
14. Becoming aware of something via the senses
Pluralistic Ignorance
Perception
Sterotypes
Humanistic Psychology
15. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms
Institutions
Deviance
Physical Anthroplogy
Pluralistic Ignorance
16. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.
Punishment
Role
Transference
Folkways
17. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en
Subcultures
Cultural Anthroplogy
Conflict
Serial-Position Effect
18. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.
Reactionary Groups
Cultural Relativity
Correlational Research
Abnormal Psychology
19. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige
Abnormal Psychology
Serial-Position Effect
Identity Formation
Social Stratification
20. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.
Identity crisis
Social Stratification
Behavioral Psychology
Prosocial Behavior
21. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.
Carl Jung
Serial-Position Effect
Serial-Position Effect
Identity crisis
22. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.
Sigmund Freud
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Role
Conformity
23. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.
Ideals
Perception
Utopias
Dissociative Identity Disorder
24. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms
Group Norms
Social mobility
Social Stratification
Physical Anthroplogy
25. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding
Reactionary Groups
Pluralistic Ignorance
Punishment
Deindividualism
26. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.
Institutions
Classical Conditioning
Social Solidarity
Sigmund Freud
27. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.
Reactionary Groups
Physical Anthroplogy
Cultural Relativity
Transference
28. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw
Humanistic Psychology
Group Norms
Social mobility
Paranoid Personality Disorder
29. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior
Prosocial Behavior
Sterotypes
Beliefs
Enculturation
30. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.
Social Cognition
Archaeology
Cultural Relativity
Reactionary Groups
31. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).
Punishment
Conflict
Primary Groups
Mores
32. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone
Conflict
Sterotypes
Deindividualism
Socialization
33. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)
Perception
Socialization
Ideals
Erik Erickson
34. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).
Values
Carl Jung
Mores
Ascribed Status
35. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.
Split Brain
Primary Groups
Networks
Pluralistic Ignorance
36. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.
Archaeology
Positive Sanctions
Institutions
Serial-Position Effect
37. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.
Serial-Position Effect
Perception
Correlational Research
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
38. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life
Ascribed Status
Schizophrenia
Deviance
Perception
39. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a
Norms
Deviance
B.F. Skinner
Classical Conditioning
40. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding
Secondary Groups
Ivan Pavlov
Pluralistic Ignorance
Cultural Diffusion
41. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.
Subcultures
Socialization
Punishment
Enculturation
42. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.
Social Solidarity
Conformity
Multicultural diversity
Social Stratification
43. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations
Humanistic Psychology
Humanistic Psychology
Jean Piaget
Abnormal Psychology
44. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Prosocial Behavior
Conflict
Social mobility
45. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.
Negative Sanctions
Pluralism
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Schizophrenia
46. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.
Utopias
Social mobility
Classical Conditioning
Ivan Pavlov
47. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.
Positive Sanctions
Laws
Identity Formation
Latent Learning
48. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).
Folkways
Transference
Positive Sanctions
Social Stratification
49. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms
Physical Anthroplogy
Socialization
Perception
Ivan Pavlov
50. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw
Social Stratification
Group Norms
Humanistic Psychology
Utopias