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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






2. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






3. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






4. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






5. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






6. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






7. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






8. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






9. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms






10. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






11. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






12. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






13. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






14. Becoming aware of something via the senses






15. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






16. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.






17. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






18. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






19. Becoming aware of something via the senses






20. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






21. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






22. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






23. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






24. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.






25. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






26. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






27. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






28. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.






29. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






30. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






31. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






32. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






33. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






34. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






35. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






36. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






37. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.






38. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






39. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






40. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






41. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






42. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






43. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






44. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






45. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






46. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






47. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






48. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






49. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






50. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit