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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






2. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






3. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






4. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






5. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






6. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






7. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






8. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






9. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






10. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit






11. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






12. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms






13. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






14. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






15. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






16. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






17. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






18. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.






19. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






20. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






21. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






22. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






23. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






24. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






25. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






26. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






27. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






28. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






29. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






30. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






31. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






32. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






33. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






34. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






35. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






36. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit






37. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






38. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






39. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






40. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






41. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






42. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






43. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






44. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






45. Becoming aware of something via the senses






46. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






47. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.






48. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






49. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






50. Becoming aware of something via the senses