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Test your basic knowledge |
Anthropology Basics - Praxis II
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Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations
Ascribed Status
Jean Piaget
Archaeology
Archaeology
2. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.
Social Solidarity
Identity crisis
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Social mobility
3. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.
Social Solidarity
Ideals
Biases
Socialization
4. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.
Cognitive Theory
Values
Ethnocentrism
Ideals
5. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.
Enculturation
Folkways
Sensitive Development Period
Biases
6. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).
Dominant Cultures
Cultural Diffusion
Social mobility
Conflict
7. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a
B.F. Skinner
Transference
Cultural Relativity
Ascribed Status
8. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.
Subcultures
Multicultural diversity
Enculturation
Punishment
9. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.
Physical Anthroplogy
Schizophrenia
Utopias
Reactionary Groups
10. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.
Laws
Split Brain
Deindividualism
Latent Learning
11. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.
Negative Reinforcement
Split Brain
Social Cognition
Multicultural diversity
12. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.
Social Solidarity
Erik Erickson
Mores
Ethnocentrism
13. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.
Biases
Ascribed Status
Habituation
Positive Sanctions
14. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth
Folkways
Identity crisis
Conflict
Humanistic Psychology
15. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.
Social mobility
Archaeology
Secondary Groups
Positive Sanctions
16. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding
Prejudice
Latent Learning
Pluralistic Ignorance
Cultural Anthroplogy
17. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.
Enculturation
Abnormal Psychology
Split Brain
Erik Erickson
18. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).
Prosocial Behavior
Utopias
Transference
Mores
19. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.
Serial-Position Effect
Classical Conditioning
Negative Reinforcement
Split Brain
20. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.
Negative Reinforcement
Serial-Position Effect
Cognitive Theory
Utopias
21. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.
Serial-Position Effect
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Pluralistic Ignorance
Mores
22. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw
Ascribed Status
Role
Socialization
Group Norms
23. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).
Sensitive Development Period
Antropology
Transference
Ascribed Status
24. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.
Humanistic Psychology
Ethnocentrism
Prejudice
Habituation
25. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.
Cultural Diffusion
Group Norms
Carl Jung
Ascribed Status
26. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.
Socialization
Reactionary Groups
Primary Groups
Identity crisis
27. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems
Secondary Groups
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Culture Clash
Social Cognition
28. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.
Social mobility
Pluralistic Ignorance
Multicultural diversity
Cultural Relativity
29. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.
Values
Positive Sanctions
Biases
Schizophrenia
30. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior
Cultural Relativity
Conflict
Prosocial Behavior
Negative Reinforcement
31. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)
Group Norms
Erik Erickson
Primary Groups
Folkways
32. Unique characteristics of ethics groups
Prejudice
Subcultures
Multicultural diversity
Physical Anthroplogy
33. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Socialization
Carl Jung
Archaeology
34. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.
Behavioral Psychology
Social Solidarity
Serial-Position Effect
Classical Conditioning
35. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.
Physical Anthroplogy
Behavioral Psychology
Perception
Antropology
36. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone
Sterotypes
Prejudice
Behavioral Psychology
Deindividualism
37. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.
Group Norms
Correlational Research
Prejudice
Beliefs
38. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige
Cognitive Theory
Networks
Beliefs
Social Stratification
39. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.
Cognitive Theory
Group
Culture Clash
Socialization
40. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.
Pluralism
Latent Learning
Erik Erickson
Positive Sanctions
41. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide
Values
Sigmund Freud
Ascribed Status
Primary Groups
42. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone
Deindividualism
Norms
Ethnocentrism
Identity Formation
43. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.
Antropology
Ivan Pavlov
Archaeology
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
44. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.
Pluralism
Sigmund Freud
Conformity
Latent Learning
45. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.
Prejudice
Role
Networks
Social Stratification
46. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.
Beliefs
Ivan Pavlov
Sensitive Development Period
Folkways
47. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations
Norms
Erik Erickson
Ascribed Status
Utopias
48. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.
Institutions
Ascribed Status
Cultural Anthroplogy
Negative Sanctions
49. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.
Folkways
Enculturation
Ascribed Status
Antropology
50. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.
Folkways
Values
Humanistic Psychology
Conformity