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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






2. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






3. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






4. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






5. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






6. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






7. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






8. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






9. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






10. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






11. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






12. Becoming aware of something via the senses






13. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






14. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






15. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






16. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






17. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






18. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






19. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






20. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






21. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






22. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






23. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






24. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.






25. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






26. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






27. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






28. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






29. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






30. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.






31. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






32. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit






33. Becoming aware of something via the senses






34. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






35. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






36. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






37. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






38. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






39. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms






40. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






41. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






42. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






43. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






44. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






45. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms






46. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






47. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






48. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






49. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






50. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems