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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






2. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






3. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






4. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






5. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.






6. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






7. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.






8. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






9. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






10. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms






11. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






12. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






13. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






14. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






15. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






16. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






17. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.






18. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






19. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






20. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






21. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






22. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






23. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






24. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






25. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






26. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






27. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






28. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






29. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






30. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






31. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






32. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.






33. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






34. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






35. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms






36. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






37. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






38. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






39. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






40. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






41. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






42. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






43. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






44. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






45. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






46. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






47. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






48. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






49. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






50. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.