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Test your basic knowledge |
Anthropology Basics - Praxis II
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.
Behavioral Psychology
Secondary Groups
Cultural Diffusion
Archaeology
2. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.
Laws
Norms
Identity Formation
Habituation
3. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations
Deindividualism
Subcultures
Positive Sanctions
Norms
4. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en
Negative Reinforcement
Humanistic Psychology
Subcultures
Serial-Position Effect
5. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.
Institutions
Schizophrenia
Behavioral Psychology
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
6. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself
Multicultural diversity
Identity Formation
Culture Clash
Mores
7. Specific ideas that people hold to be true
Beliefs
Cultural Diffusion
Identity crisis
Physical Anthroplogy
8. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide
Antropology
Classical Conditioning
Ascribed Status
Sigmund Freud
9. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw
Social Cognition
Dominant Cultures
Schizophrenia
Group Norms
10. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.
Socialization
Culture Clash
Perception
Schizophrenia
11. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.
Habituation
Social Solidarity
Cultural Relativity
Biases
12. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.
Role
Ethnocentrism
Carl Jung
Habituation
13. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).
Sensitive Development Period
Values
Positive Sanctions
Transference
14. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.
Transference
Classical Conditioning
Pluralism
Sterotypes
15. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.
Abnormal Psychology
Values
Utopias
Social mobility
16. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.
Negative Reinforcement
Behavioral Psychology
Latent Learning
Multicultural diversity
17. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.
Dominant Cultures
Social Stratification
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Primary Groups
18. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations
Archaeology
Folkways
Jean Piaget
Social Solidarity
19. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.
Deindividualism
Deindividualism
Cultural Diffusion
Archaeology
20. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.
Social Cognition
Beliefs
Networks
Dissociative Identity Disorder
21. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a
Antropology
Prosocial Behavior
Perception
B.F. Skinner
22. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Networks
Physical Anthroplogy
Classical Conditioning
23. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).
Reactionary Groups
Serial-Position Effect
Values
Ivan Pavlov
24. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.
Latent Learning
Antropology
Social mobility
Enculturation
25. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.
Networks
Dominant Cultures
Primary Groups
Correlational Research
26. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.
Ideals
Pluralism
Values
Biases
27. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)
Humanistic Psychology
Erik Erickson
Latent Learning
B.F. Skinner
28. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige
Transference
Status
Primary Groups
Negative Sanctions
29. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding
Latent Learning
Mores
Pluralistic Ignorance
Secondary Groups
30. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.
Humanistic Psychology
Group
Social mobility
Erik Erickson
31. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.
Ideals
Prosocial Behavior
Ethnocentrism
Institutions
32. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms
Deindividualism
Antropology
Social Cognition
Deviance
33. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life
Archaeology
Laws
Social Stratification
Ascribed Status
34. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.
Ethnocentrism
Pluralistic Ignorance
Values
Dominant Cultures
35. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms
Role
Social Solidarity
Classical Conditioning
Physical Anthroplogy
36. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)
Social Stratification
Erik Erickson
Status
Physical Anthroplogy
37. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms
Culture Clash
Group
Social Solidarity
Deviance
38. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.
Negative Reinforcement
Secondary Groups
Punishment
Schizophrenia
39. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.
Ideals
Schizophrenia
Carl Jung
Values
40. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.
Group
Latent Learning
Folkways
Behavioral Psychology
41. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.
Prejudice
Culture Clash
Latent Learning
Paranoid Personality Disorder
42. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).
Conflict
Norms
Habituation
Cultural Relativity
43. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations
Jean Piaget
Ideals
Group Norms
Beliefs
44. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior
Perception
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Beliefs
Prosocial Behavior
45. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.
Pluralism
Ivan Pavlov
Classical Conditioning
Antropology
46. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a
Abnormal Psychology
Abnormal Psychology
B.F. Skinner
Group
47. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.
Deviance
Socialization
Networks
Networks
48. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.
Social mobility
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Deindividualism
Biases
49. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.
Sterotypes
Habituation
Multicultural diversity
Conformity
50. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.
Group Norms
Mores
Pluralistic Ignorance
Sensitive Development Period