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Test your basic knowledge |
Anthropology Basics - Praxis II
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Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.
Institutions
Social Stratification
Antropology
Archaeology
2. Unique characteristics of ethics groups
Values
Networks
Multicultural diversity
Pluralistic Ignorance
3. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.
Networks
Enculturation
Major Depressive Disorder
Subcultures
4. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.
Ethnocentrism
Prejudice
Status
Role
5. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Folkways
Group Norms
Paranoid Personality Disorder
6. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself
Identity Formation
Ivan Pavlov
Folkways
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
7. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.
Ivan Pavlov
Negative Reinforcement
Social Stratification
Positive Sanctions
8. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.
Dominant Cultures
Social Solidarity
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Dominant Cultures
9. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.
Archaeology
Laws
Identity crisis
Cultural Diffusion
10. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone
Deindividualism
Cultural Relativity
Social Stratification
Social Stratification
11. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige
Perception
Deindividualism
Social Stratification
Abnormal Psychology
12. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations
Biases
Ethnocentrism
Jean Piaget
Utopias
13. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en
Multicultural diversity
Ascribed Status
Split Brain
Serial-Position Effect
14. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.
Sterotypes
Utopias
Social mobility
Cultural Diffusion
15. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.
Carl Jung
Institutions
Correlational Research
Values
16. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Positive Sanctions
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Archaeology
17. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.
Sterotypes
Conformity
Values
B.F. Skinner
18. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations
Norms
Secondary Groups
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Habituation
19. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.
Punishment
Negative Reinforcement
Prosocial Behavior
Dissociative Identity Disorder
20. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior
Transference
Role
Prosocial Behavior
Sterotypes
21. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth
Abnormal Psychology
Dominant Cultures
Social Cognition
Humanistic Psychology
22. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)
Norms
Jean Piaget
Erik Erickson
Social Cognition
23. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.
Conflict
Institutions
Primary Groups
Prejudice
24. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations
Social Stratification
Norms
Values
Paranoid Personality Disorder
25. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)
Erik Erickson
Social Solidarity
Classical Conditioning
Institutions
26. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.
Prosocial Behavior
Cultural Relativity
Beliefs
Ascribed Status
27. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.
Classical Conditioning
Dominant Cultures
Latent Learning
Sensitive Development Period
28. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life
Beliefs
Positive Sanctions
Ascribed Status
Abnormal Psychology
29. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).
Conflict
Secondary Groups
Physical Anthroplogy
Ascribed Status
30. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).
Values
Physical Anthroplogy
Cultural Anthroplogy
Dominant Cultures
31. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.
Humanistic Psychology
Sigmund Freud
Social Stratification
Folkways
32. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding
Cognitive Theory
Pluralistic Ignorance
Ethnocentrism
Perception
33. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.
Utopias
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Social Stratification
Norms
34. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).
Carl Jung
Values
Transference
Habituation
35. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.
Ideals
Carl Jung
Institutions
Perception
36. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Correlational Research
Role
Social Cognition
37. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.
Antropology
Cultural Diffusion
Status
Prejudice
38. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.
Deindividualism
B.F. Skinner
Habituation
Secondary Groups
39. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.
Folkways
Enculturation
Cultural Relativity
Abnormal Psychology
40. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.
Transference
Behavioral Psychology
Social mobility
Prosocial Behavior
41. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.
Jean Piaget
Multicultural diversity
Social mobility
Cultural Anthroplogy
42. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.
Identity crisis
Cultural Anthroplogy
Social Solidarity
Beliefs
43. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.
Sigmund Freud
Ivan Pavlov
Behavioral Psychology
Negative Reinforcement
44. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth
Pluralism
Pluralism
Humanistic Psychology
Group Norms
45. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.
Behavioral Psychology
Social Stratification
Status
Prejudice
46. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.
Classical Conditioning
Serial-Position Effect
Negative Reinforcement
Enculturation
47. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.
Habituation
Habituation
Ethnocentrism
Laws
48. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.
Status
Cognitive Theory
Secondary Groups
Conflict
49. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.
Ethnocentrism
Group
Cultural Diffusion
Ivan Pavlov
50. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.
Conformity
Institutions
Status
Mores