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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






2. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






3. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






4. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






5. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






6. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






7. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






8. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






9. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.






10. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






11. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.






12. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






13. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






14. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






15. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






16. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






17. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






18. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






19. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






20. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






21. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






22. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






23. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






24. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






25. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






26. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






27. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






28. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






29. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






30. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






31. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






32. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






33. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






34. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






35. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






36. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






37. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






38. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






39. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






40. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






41. Becoming aware of something via the senses






42. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.






43. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






44. Becoming aware of something via the senses






45. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






46. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit






47. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.






48. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






49. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






50. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw