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Test your basic knowledge |
Anthropology Basics - Praxis II
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Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.
Ivan Pavlov
Mores
Norms
Dominant Cultures
2. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone
Laws
Positive Sanctions
Prosocial Behavior
Deindividualism
3. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.
Social Solidarity
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Deindividualism
Sensitive Development Period
4. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.
Biases
Negative Reinforcement
Antropology
Identity Formation
5. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.
Cultural Diffusion
Laws
Serial-Position Effect
Mores
6. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige
Social mobility
Sensitive Development Period
Group Norms
Status
7. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Institutions
Role
Norms
8. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.
Positive Sanctions
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Ethnocentrism
Social Stratification
9. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige
Negative Reinforcement
Social Stratification
Transference
Social mobility
10. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw
Group Norms
Ascribed Status
Perception
Norms
11. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.
B.F. Skinner
Identity Formation
Utopias
Values
12. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others
Biases
Habituation
Conformity
Paranoid Personality Disorder
13. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.
Social mobility
Subcultures
Identity crisis
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
14. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.
Reactionary Groups
Major Depressive Disorder
Pluralistic Ignorance
Enculturation
15. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.
Prejudice
Socialization
Deviance
Enculturation
16. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms
Transference
Classical Conditioning
Physical Anthroplogy
Ethnocentrism
17. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations
Dominant Cultures
Jean Piaget
Split Brain
Group
18. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation
Carl Jung
Positive Sanctions
Latent Learning
Laws
19. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems
Secondary Groups
Multicultural diversity
Split Brain
Deviance
20. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.
Erik Erickson
Punishment
Conflict
Habituation
21. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.
Beliefs
Positive Sanctions
Social Stratification
Mores
22. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide
Social Stratification
Group
Prejudice
Sigmund Freud
23. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.
Jean Piaget
Jean Piaget
Utopias
Social Cognition
24. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).
Punishment
Serial-Position Effect
Social Solidarity
Values
25. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.
Utopias
Institutions
Sterotypes
Social Stratification
26. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.
Institutions
Socialization
Ivan Pavlov
Sigmund Freud
27. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior
Reactionary Groups
Social Cognition
Prosocial Behavior
Sigmund Freud
28. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.
Sigmund Freud
Social Stratification
Latent Learning
Subcultures
29. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.
Reactionary Groups
Identity crisis
Deindividualism
Social mobility
30. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.
Prejudice
Positive Sanctions
Abnormal Psychology
Laws
31. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.
Perception
Group Norms
Ethnocentrism
Cultural Anthroplogy
32. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.
Sensitive Development Period
Social Solidarity
Ivan Pavlov
Values
33. Becoming aware of something via the senses
Group
Perception
Habituation
Culture Clash
34. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).
Ivan Pavlov
Transference
Negative Sanctions
Dominant Cultures
35. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.
Punishment
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Multicultural diversity
Latent Learning
36. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Mores
Social Solidarity
Group
37. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.
Identity Formation
Social mobility
Values
Cultural Relativity
38. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)
Mores
Punishment
Erik Erickson
Status
39. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior
Beliefs
Sterotypes
Prosocial Behavior
Mores
40. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.
Social Stratification
Negative Reinforcement
Behavioral Psychology
Deviance
41. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth
Humanistic Psychology
Institutions
Negative Sanctions
Cultural Anthroplogy
42. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.
Multicultural diversity
Laws
Jean Piaget
Deindividualism
43. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.
Enculturation
Split Brain
Physical Anthroplogy
Values
44. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).
Conflict
Values
Social Cognition
Negative Sanctions
45. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.
Social mobility
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
B.F. Skinner
Positive Sanctions
46. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.
Enculturation
Identity crisis
Punishment
Cultural Anthroplogy
47. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.
B.F. Skinner
Cultural Diffusion
Abnormal Psychology
Sensitive Development Period
48. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.
Sensitive Development Period
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Sigmund Freud
Subcultures
49. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.
Dominant Cultures
Reactionary Groups
Conflict
Networks
50. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.
Role
Archaeology
Ideals
Reactionary Groups
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