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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






2. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






3. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






4. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






5. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






6. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






7. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






8. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






9. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.






10. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






11. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






12. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






13. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






14. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






15. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






16. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






17. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






18. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






19. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






20. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






21. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






22. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






23. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






24. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






25. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






26. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






27. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






28. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






29. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






30. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






31. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






32. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






33. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






34. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






35. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






36. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






37. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






38. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms






39. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






40. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






41. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






42. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






43. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






44. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






45. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






46. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






47. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






48. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






49. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






50. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en







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