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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






2. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






3. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






4. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






5. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






6. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms






7. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






8. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






9. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






10. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






11. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






12. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






13. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






14. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






15. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






16. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






17. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






18. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






19. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






20. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






21. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






22. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






23. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






24. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






25. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






26. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






27. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






28. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






29. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






30. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






31. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






32. Becoming aware of something via the senses






33. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






34. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






35. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






36. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






37. Becoming aware of something via the senses






38. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






39. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






40. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






41. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






42. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit






43. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






44. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






45. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






46. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






47. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






48. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






49. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






50. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.