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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.






2. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.






3. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






4. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






5. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






6. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






7. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






8. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






9. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






10. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






11. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






12. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






13. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






14. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






15. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






16. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






17. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






18. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






19. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






20. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






21. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






22. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






23. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






24. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






25. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.






26. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






27. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






28. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






29. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






30. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






31. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






32. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






33. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






34. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






35. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






36. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






37. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






38. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






39. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






40. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






41. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






42. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






43. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






44. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






45. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






46. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






47. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






48. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






49. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






50. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit