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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






2. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms






3. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






4. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






5. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






6. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






7. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






8. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






9. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






10. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






11. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






12. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






13. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






14. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.






15. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






16. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






17. Becoming aware of something via the senses






18. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






19. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






20. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






21. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.






22. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






23. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






24. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






25. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






26. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






27. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






28. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






29. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






30. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






31. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






32. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






33. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






34. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.






35. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






36. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






37. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






38. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






39. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit






40. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






41. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






42. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






43. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






44. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






45. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






46. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






47. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






48. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






49. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






50. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth