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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






2. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






3. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






4. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.






5. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






6. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






7. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






8. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






9. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






10. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






11. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






12. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






13. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






14. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






15. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms






16. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.






17. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






18. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






19. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






20. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






21. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






22. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






23. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






24. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






25. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






26. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.






27. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






28. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






29. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






30. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






31. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.






32. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.






33. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






34. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






35. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






36. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






37. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






38. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






39. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






40. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






41. Becoming aware of something via the senses






42. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.






43. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






44. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






45. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






46. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






47. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






48. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






49. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






50. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).