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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.






2. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






3. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






4. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






5. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






6. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






7. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






8. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






9. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






10. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






11. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






12. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms






13. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.






14. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






15. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






16. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






17. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






18. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






19. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






20. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






21. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.






22. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






23. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






24. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






25. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






26. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






27. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






28. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






29. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






30. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






31. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






32. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






33. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






34. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






35. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






36. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






37. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






38. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






39. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






40. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






41. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






42. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






43. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






44. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






45. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






46. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






47. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






48. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






49. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






50. Becoming aware of something via the senses