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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






2. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






3. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






4. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






5. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






6. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






7. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.






8. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






9. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






10. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






11. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






12. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






13. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






14. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






15. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






16. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






17. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






18. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






19. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






20. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






21. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.






22. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






23. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






24. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






25. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






26. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






27. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






28. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.






29. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






30. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






31. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






32. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






33. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






34. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






35. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






36. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






37. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






38. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






39. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






40. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






41. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






42. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






43. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






44. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






45. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






46. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






47. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






48. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






49. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






50. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.