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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






2. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






3. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






4. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






5. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






6. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






7. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






8. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






9. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






10. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






11. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






12. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






13. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






14. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






15. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






16. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






17. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






18. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






19. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






20. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






21. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






22. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






23. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






24. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






25. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






26. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






27. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






28. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






29. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






30. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






31. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






32. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






33. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






34. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






35. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.






36. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






37. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






38. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






39. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






40. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






41. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






42. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






43. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






44. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






45. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






46. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit






47. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.






48. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






49. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






50. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.