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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






2. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






3. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






4. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






5. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






6. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






7. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit






8. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






9. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






10. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






11. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






12. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






13. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






14. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






15. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






16. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






17. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






18. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






19. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






20. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






21. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






22. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






23. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






24. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






25. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






26. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






27. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






28. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






29. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






30. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






31. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






32. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






33. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






34. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






35. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






36. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






37. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.






38. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






39. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






40. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






41. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






42. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






43. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit






44. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






45. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






46. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






47. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






48. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






49. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






50. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.