Test your basic knowledge |

Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Becoming aware of something via the senses






2. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






3. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.






4. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






5. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






6. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






7. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






8. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






9. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






10. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






11. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






12. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






13. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






14. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






15. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






16. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.






17. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.






18. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






19. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






20. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






21. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.






22. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






23. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






24. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






25. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






26. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






27. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






28. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






29. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






30. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






31. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






32. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






33. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






34. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






35. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






36. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






37. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






38. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






39. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






40. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






41. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






42. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






43. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






44. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






45. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






46. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






47. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






48. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






49. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






50. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.