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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






2. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






3. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






4. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






5. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






6. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






7. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






8. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






9. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






10. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






11. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






12. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






13. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






14. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






15. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






16. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






17. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






18. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.






19. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






20. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






21. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






22. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.






23. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






24. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






25. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






26. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






27. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






28. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






29. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






30. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






31. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms






32. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






33. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






34. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






35. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






36. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






37. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






38. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






39. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






40. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






41. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






42. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






43. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






44. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






45. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






46. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






47. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






48. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






49. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






50. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms