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Test your basic knowledge |
Anthropology Basics - Praxis II
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Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.
Cognitive Theory
Deviance
Latent Learning
Deviance
2. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems
Habituation
Secondary Groups
Social mobility
Dissociative Identity Disorder
3. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.
Cultural Anthroplogy
Institutions
Ivan Pavlov
Utopias
4. Specific ideas that people hold to be true
Beliefs
Negative Sanctions
Pluralistic Ignorance
Ideals
5. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige
Social Stratification
Behavioral Psychology
Deindividualism
Sigmund Freud
6. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.
Norms
Antropology
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Abnormal Psychology
7. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a
Norms
Conflict
Folkways
B.F. Skinner
8. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).
Enculturation
Negative Reinforcement
Values
Behavioral Psychology
9. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms
Secondary Groups
Pluralism
Correlational Research
Deviance
10. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.
Ideals
Sterotypes
Positive Sanctions
Dominant Cultures
11. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.
Pluralistic Ignorance
Physical Anthroplogy
Transference
Antropology
12. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.
Cultural Anthroplogy
Humanistic Psychology
Institutions
Reactionary Groups
13. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.
Correlational Research
Socialization
Split Brain
Values
14. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige
Pluralism
Major Depressive Disorder
Split Brain
Social Stratification
15. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit
Schizophrenia
Values
Serial-Position Effect
Group
16. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige
Status
Primary Groups
Latent Learning
Prejudice
17. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide
Habituation
Ivan Pavlov
Sigmund Freud
Conflict
18. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.
Classical Conditioning
Prosocial Behavior
Social Cognition
Split Brain
19. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding
Pluralistic Ignorance
Ascribed Status
Erik Erickson
Classical Conditioning
20. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.
Archaeology
Serial-Position Effect
Ivan Pavlov
Institutions
21. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.
Sensitive Development Period
Schizophrenia
Physical Anthroplogy
Abnormal Psychology
22. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.
Values
Sterotypes
Social Solidarity
Latent Learning
23. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.
Transference
Identity crisis
Social Solidarity
Conformity
24. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.
Conformity
Ethnocentrism
Social Cognition
Values
25. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.
Socialization
Institutions
Carl Jung
Role
26. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.
Cultural Anthroplogy
Erik Erickson
Ideals
Classical Conditioning
27. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.
Sensitive Development Period
Split Brain
Primary Groups
Schizophrenia
28. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding
Social mobility
Pluralistic Ignorance
Pluralism
Institutions
29. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)
Multicultural diversity
Erik Erickson
Institutions
Social Stratification
30. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige
Social Cognition
Cultural Anthroplogy
Abnormal Psychology
Social Stratification
31. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.
Correlational Research
Cultural Relativity
Reactionary Groups
Laws
32. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.
Institutions
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Social Solidarity
Ivan Pavlov
33. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation
Classical Conditioning
Social Cognition
Carl Jung
Sigmund Freud
34. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.
Networks
Role
Carl Jung
Laws
35. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone
Sigmund Freud
Socialization
Punishment
Deindividualism
36. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems
Networks
Utopias
Secondary Groups
Biases
37. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior
Correlational Research
Negative Sanctions
Prosocial Behavior
Pluralism
38. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.
Identity crisis
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Biases
Social Stratification
39. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige
Status
Erik Erickson
Punishment
Networks
40. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.
Pluralism
Behavioral Psychology
Prejudice
Ideals
41. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.
Prejudice
Carl Jung
Reactionary Groups
Behavioral Psychology
42. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Cultural Relativity
Positive Sanctions
Paranoid Personality Disorder
43. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.
B.F. Skinner
Ivan Pavlov
Archaeology
Socialization
44. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.
Culture Clash
Utopias
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Values
45. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.
Ascribed Status
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Institutions
Paranoid Personality Disorder
46. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.
Group Norms
Humanistic Psychology
Social Cognition
Classical Conditioning
47. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.
Subcultures
Jean Piaget
Schizophrenia
Ivan Pavlov
48. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.
Cultural Relativity
Negative Sanctions
Utopias
Social Cognition
49. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone
Social Stratification
Folkways
Primary Groups
Deindividualism
50. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations
Cultural Diffusion
Social mobility
Jean Piaget
Cultural Diffusion
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