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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






2. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






3. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






4. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.






5. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






6. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






7. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






8. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






9. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






10. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






11. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






12. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






13. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






14. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit






15. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






16. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






17. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






18. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






19. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






20. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






21. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






22. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






23. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






24. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






25. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






26. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






27. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






28. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms






29. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






30. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.






31. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






32. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit






33. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






34. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






35. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






36. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






37. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






38. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






39. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






40. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






41. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






42. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






43. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






44. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






45. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






46. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






47. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






48. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






49. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






50. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).