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Test your basic knowledge |
Anthropology Basics - Praxis II
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Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.
Role
Folkways
Positive Sanctions
Classical Conditioning
2. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat
Negative Reinforcement
Classical Conditioning
Major Depressive Disorder
Habituation
3. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations
Social mobility
Beliefs
Role
Jean Piaget
4. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.
Sigmund Freud
Cultural Diffusion
Archaeology
Sterotypes
5. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.
Group Norms
Subcultures
Prosocial Behavior
Multicultural diversity
6. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.
Conflict
Prejudice
Ideals
Behavioral Psychology
7. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige
Punishment
Positive Sanctions
Social Stratification
Habituation
8. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior
Norms
Social mobility
Prosocial Behavior
Humanistic Psychology
9. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations
Physical Anthroplogy
Sterotypes
Norms
Sterotypes
10. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior
Sigmund Freud
Prosocial Behavior
Conformity
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
11. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.
Deindividualism
Positive Sanctions
Ideals
Negative Reinforcement
12. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.
Erik Erickson
Deindividualism
Social Stratification
Cultural Anthroplogy
13. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.
Dominant Cultures
Humanistic Psychology
Social mobility
Enculturation
14. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.
Sensitive Development Period
Pluralism
Cultural Anthroplogy
Laws
15. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.
Abnormal Psychology
Serial-Position Effect
Socialization
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
16. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).
Major Depressive Disorder
Values
Subcultures
Group
17. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.
Reactionary Groups
Deindividualism
Jean Piaget
Pluralistic Ignorance
18. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.
Pluralism
Ascribed Status
Sterotypes
Conformity
19. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.
Carl Jung
B.F. Skinner
Sigmund Freud
Subcultures
20. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.
Ethnocentrism
Ivan Pavlov
Deindividualism
Classical Conditioning
21. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.
Multicultural diversity
Prosocial Behavior
Schizophrenia
Social Cognition
22. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone
Deindividualism
Pluralistic Ignorance
Archaeology
Mores
23. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms
Latent Learning
Physical Anthroplogy
Pluralism
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
24. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.
Split Brain
Schizophrenia
Positive Sanctions
Jean Piaget
25. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.
Group Norms
Abnormal Psychology
Social Solidarity
Ethnocentrism
26. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms
Pluralism
Punishment
Physical Anthroplogy
Deviance
27. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself
Subcultures
Social Stratification
Identity Formation
Cultural Relativity
28. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth
Mores
Ivan Pavlov
Humanistic Psychology
Group
29. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a
B.F. Skinner
Identity crisis
Physical Anthroplogy
Erik Erickson
30. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.
Sigmund Freud
Sterotypes
Prejudice
Ivan Pavlov
31. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.
Status
Negative Reinforcement
Social Cognition
Culture Clash
32. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.
Cognitive Theory
Identity Formation
Mores
Social Stratification
33. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Physical Anthroplogy
Folkways
Group
34. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.
Secondary Groups
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Punishment
Folkways
35. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.
Split Brain
Social Solidarity
Physical Anthroplogy
Positive Sanctions
36. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life
Mores
Multicultural diversity
Ascribed Status
Networks
37. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).
Transference
Classical Conditioning
Reactionary Groups
Ivan Pavlov
38. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.
Physical Anthroplogy
Primary Groups
Social Stratification
Ivan Pavlov
39. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Multicultural diversity
Social Stratification
Positive Sanctions
40. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide
Sigmund Freud
Conformity
Social mobility
Biases
41. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms
Prejudice
Deviance
Correlational Research
Subcultures
42. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).
Negative Sanctions
Networks
Deindividualism
Conflict
43. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others
Cultural Anthroplogy
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Serial-Position Effect
Cultural Anthroplogy
44. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.
Cultural Diffusion
Role
Schizophrenia
Ivan Pavlov
45. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.
Classical Conditioning
Habituation
Reactionary Groups
Abnormal Psychology
46. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.
Identity crisis
Schizophrenia
Ethnocentrism
Institutions
47. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.
Deindividualism
Pluralistic Ignorance
Cultural Relativity
Correlational Research
48. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.
Antropology
Physical Anthroplogy
Networks
Laws
49. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Physical Anthroplogy
Pluralistic Ignorance
50. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.
Correlational Research
Schizophrenia
Sensitive Development Period
Split Brain