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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






2. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






3. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






4. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






5. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






6. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






7. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






8. Becoming aware of something via the senses






9. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






10. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






11. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






12. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






13. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.






14. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.






15. Becoming aware of something via the senses






16. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






17. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.






18. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






19. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






20. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






21. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






22. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






23. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






24. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






25. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






26. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






27. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






28. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






29. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






30. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






31. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






32. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






33. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






34. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






35. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






36. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






37. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






38. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






39. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






40. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






41. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






42. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






43. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






44. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






45. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






46. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.






47. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






48. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms






49. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






50. Specific ideas that people hold to be true