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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit






2. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






3. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






4. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.






5. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






6. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.






7. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






8. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






9. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






10. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






11. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






12. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






13. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






14. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






15. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






16. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






17. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






18. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






19. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






20. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






21. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






22. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






23. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






24. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






25. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






26. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






27. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






28. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






29. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






30. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






31. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






32. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






33. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






34. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






35. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.






36. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






37. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






38. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






39. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






40. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






41. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






42. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






43. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






44. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






45. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






46. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






47. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






48. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






49. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






50. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.