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Test your basic knowledge |
Anthropology Basics - Praxis II
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Subject
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humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.
Cultural Diffusion
Ideals
Erik Erickson
Behavioral Psychology
2. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.
Identity Formation
Deindividualism
Ideals
Ivan Pavlov
3. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.
Antropology
Pluralism
Serial-Position Effect
Values
4. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.
Serial-Position Effect
Sterotypes
Cultural Anthroplogy
Ideals
5. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.
Status
Erik Erickson
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Secondary Groups
6. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems
Antropology
Secondary Groups
Punishment
Punishment
7. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.
Major Depressive Disorder
Laws
Classical Conditioning
Cultural Anthroplogy
8. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.
Social Cognition
B.F. Skinner
Pluralistic Ignorance
Group
9. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.
Physical Anthroplogy
Role
Culture Clash
Social mobility
10. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.
Biases
Social Stratification
Deindividualism
Negative Reinforcement
11. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.
Classical Conditioning
Correlational Research
Jean Piaget
Punishment
12. Unique characteristics of ethics groups
Multicultural diversity
Cultural Relativity
Punishment
Ideals
13. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige
Social Stratification
Ethnocentrism
Positive Sanctions
Schizophrenia
14. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.
Sterotypes
Cognitive Theory
Correlational Research
Humanistic Psychology
15. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).
Carl Jung
Schizophrenia
Conflict
B.F. Skinner
16. Specific ideas that people hold to be true
Behavioral Psychology
Beliefs
Identity Formation
Positive Sanctions
17. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.
Social Stratification
Values
Cognitive Theory
Institutions
18. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.
Social Stratification
Folkways
Sigmund Freud
Cognitive Theory
19. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.
Enculturation
Cognitive Theory
Cultural Diffusion
Cultural Diffusion
20. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.
Cognitive Theory
Enculturation
Habituation
Secondary Groups
21. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.
Culture Clash
Ethnocentrism
Sterotypes
Mores
22. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.
Cultural Anthroplogy
Punishment
Socialization
Sterotypes
23. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.
Identity crisis
Ethnocentrism
Cultural Diffusion
Prejudice
24. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.
Classical Conditioning
Cultural Diffusion
Prejudice
Deindividualism
25. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Identity Formation
Humanistic Psychology
Ideals
26. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.
Classical Conditioning
Utopias
Abnormal Psychology
Social Cognition
27. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.
Identity crisis
Cultural Diffusion
Networks
Subcultures
28. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.
Beliefs
Subcultures
Behavioral Psychology
Sterotypes
29. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others
Positive Sanctions
Role
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Identity crisis
30. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations
Jean Piaget
Utopias
Institutions
Primary Groups
31. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.
Latent Learning
Role
Social Stratification
Social Cognition
32. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.
Habituation
Negative Reinforcement
Secondary Groups
Ascribed Status
33. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.
Folkways
Role
Primary Groups
Primary Groups
34. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide
Cultural Relativity
Sigmund Freud
Utopias
Social Stratification
35. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.
Identity crisis
Pluralism
Social mobility
Subcultures
36. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.
Conflict
Archaeology
Latent Learning
Dissociative Identity Disorder
37. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat
Enculturation
Primary Groups
Major Depressive Disorder
Prosocial Behavior
38. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.
Sensitive Development Period
Classical Conditioning
Negative Reinforcement
Enculturation
39. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.
Mores
Social Solidarity
Pluralism
Perception
40. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a
Prosocial Behavior
B.F. Skinner
Carl Jung
Deindividualism
41. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.
Behavioral Psychology
Cultural Relativity
Habituation
Folkways
42. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.
Positive Sanctions
Deindividualism
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Archaeology
43. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.
Humanistic Psychology
Positive Sanctions
Antropology
Ivan Pavlov
44. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.
Dominant Cultures
Cultural Relativity
Jean Piaget
Deviance
45. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.
Cultural Diffusion
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Deviance
46. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.
Antropology
Perception
Pluralistic Ignorance
Laws
47. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw
Networks
Group Norms
Negative Sanctions
Role
48. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.
Multicultural diversity
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Jean Piaget
Antropology
49. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.
Networks
Perception
Beliefs
Cognitive Theory
50. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms
Prosocial Behavior
Physical Anthroplogy
Socialization
Secondary Groups
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