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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






2. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






3. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






4. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






5. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






6. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






7. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






8. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






9. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






10. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






11. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






12. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






13. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






14. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






15. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






16. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






17. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.






18. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






19. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






20. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






21. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






22. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






23. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






24. Becoming aware of something via the senses






25. Becoming aware of something via the senses






26. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






27. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






28. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






29. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






30. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






31. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






32. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit






33. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






34. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






35. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






36. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






37. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






38. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






39. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






40. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






41. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






42. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






43. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






44. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






45. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






46. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






47. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






48. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






49. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






50. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.