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Test your basic knowledge |
Anthropology Basics - Praxis II
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Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.
Group Norms
Abnormal Psychology
Ideals
Pluralistic Ignorance
2. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige
Social Solidarity
Social Stratification
Prejudice
Identity Formation
3. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige
Positive Sanctions
Social Stratification
Social mobility
Antropology
4. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.
Enculturation
Networks
Conflict
Laws
5. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.
Cognitive Theory
Socialization
Behavioral Psychology
Dominant Cultures
6. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).
Antropology
Institutions
Conflict
Sterotypes
7. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.
Split Brain
Classical Conditioning
Schizophrenia
Pluralistic Ignorance
8. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.
Networks
Socialization
B.F. Skinner
Cultural Anthroplogy
9. Unique characteristics of ethics groups
Multicultural diversity
Physical Anthroplogy
Cultural Diffusion
Laws
10. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Cultural Anthroplogy
Identity Formation
Ivan Pavlov
11. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.
Socialization
Norms
Archaeology
Behavioral Psychology
12. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw
Positive Sanctions
Group Norms
Culture Clash
Erik Erickson
13. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.
Values
Dominant Cultures
Positive Sanctions
Punishment
14. Becoming aware of something via the senses
Perception
Social Solidarity
Antropology
Positive Sanctions
15. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others
Secondary Groups
Values
Habituation
Paranoid Personality Disorder
16. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige
Status
Major Depressive Disorder
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Identity Formation
17. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.
Negative Sanctions
Classical Conditioning
Prosocial Behavior
Negative Reinforcement
18. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.
Sterotypes
Conflict
Antropology
Cultural Anthroplogy
19. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.
Habituation
Sensitive Development Period
Deviance
Ethnocentrism
20. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.
Folkways
Erik Erickson
Social Solidarity
Subcultures
21. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.
Cultural Diffusion
Conformity
Social Cognition
Beliefs
22. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations
Cognitive Theory
Norms
Negative Reinforcement
Institutions
23. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.
Deindividualism
Subcultures
Deviance
Behavioral Psychology
24. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.
Primary Groups
Major Depressive Disorder
Cultural Relativity
Enculturation
25. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth
Ivan Pavlov
Secondary Groups
Multicultural diversity
Humanistic Psychology
26. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.
Cultural Anthroplogy
Cultural Relativity
Sensitive Development Period
Sterotypes
27. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.
Pluralism
Ideals
Prejudice
Negative Reinforcement
28. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw
Group Norms
Norms
Deviance
Perception
29. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.
Cultural Diffusion
Socialization
Transference
Cultural Relativity
30. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en
Serial-Position Effect
Split Brain
Cultural Anthroplogy
Social mobility
31. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.
Negative Sanctions
Jean Piaget
Split Brain
Social mobility
32. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)
Sterotypes
Latent Learning
Erik Erickson
Carl Jung
33. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.
Abnormal Psychology
Schizophrenia
Institutions
Transference
34. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.
Ethnocentrism
Transference
Social Stratification
Sensitive Development Period
35. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide
Perception
Laws
Punishment
Sigmund Freud
36. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms
Physical Anthroplogy
Mores
Social Stratification
Secondary Groups
37. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.
Cognitive Theory
Ideals
Prosocial Behavior
Subcultures
38. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.
Status
Utopias
Schizophrenia
Physical Anthroplogy
39. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.
Ivan Pavlov
Erik Erickson
Negative Reinforcement
Enculturation
40. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.
Classical Conditioning
Laws
Culture Clash
Major Depressive Disorder
41. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Conformity
Antropology
Jean Piaget
42. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.
Culture Clash
Schizophrenia
Erik Erickson
Punishment
43. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).
Cognitive Theory
Values
Antropology
Reactionary Groups
44. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.
Transference
Pluralism
Conformity
Identity crisis
45. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.
Biases
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Values
Perception
46. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.
Behavioral Psychology
Norms
Subcultures
Negative Sanctions
47. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.
Dominant Cultures
Enculturation
Primary Groups
Reactionary Groups
48. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.
Social mobility
Laws
Folkways
Social Cognition
49. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).
Biases
Identity crisis
Transference
Deindividualism
50. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.
Conformity
Social mobility
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Norms