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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






2. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






3. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






4. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






5. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






6. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






7. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






8. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






9. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






10. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






11. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.






12. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






13. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






14. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






15. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






16. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






17. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






18. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






19. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






20. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






21. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






22. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






23. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






24. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






25. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






26. Becoming aware of something via the senses






27. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






28. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






29. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.






30. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






31. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






32. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






33. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.






34. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






35. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






36. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






37. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






38. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






39. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






40. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






41. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






42. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit






43. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






44. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






45. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






46. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






47. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






48. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






49. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






50. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.