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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






2. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.






3. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






4. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






5. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






6. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






7. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.






8. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






9. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






10. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






11. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






12. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






13. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






14. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






15. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






16. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






17. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






18. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






19. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






20. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






21. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






22. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






23. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






24. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






25. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






26. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






27. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






28. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






29. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






30. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






31. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






32. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






33. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






34. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






35. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






36. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






37. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






38. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






39. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






40. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






41. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






42. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






43. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






44. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






45. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






46. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






47. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






48. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






49. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






50. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations