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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






2. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






3. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






4. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






5. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






6. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






7. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






8. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






9. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms






10. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






11. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






12. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






13. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






14. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






15. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit






16. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






17. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






18. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






19. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






20. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






21. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






22. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






23. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.






24. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






25. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






26. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.






27. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






28. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






29. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






30. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






31. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






32. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






33. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






34. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






35. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






36. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






37. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






38. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






39. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






40. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






41. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.






42. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






43. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






44. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






45. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






46. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






47. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






48. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






49. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






50. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?



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