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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






2. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






3. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






4. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






5. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






6. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






7. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






8. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






9. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






10. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






11. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






12. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






13. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






14. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






15. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






16. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






17. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






18. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.






19. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






20. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






21. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






22. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






23. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






24. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






25. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






26. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






27. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






28. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






29. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






30. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.






31. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






32. Becoming aware of something via the senses






33. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






34. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






35. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms






36. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






37. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.






38. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






39. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






40. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






41. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






42. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.






43. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






44. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






45. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.






46. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






47. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






48. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






49. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






50. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)