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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






2. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






3. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






4. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






5. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.






6. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






7. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






8. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






9. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.






10. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






11. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






12. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






13. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






14. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






15. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






16. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






17. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






18. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






19. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.






20. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






21. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






22. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






23. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






24. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






25. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






26. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






27. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






28. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






29. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms






30. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






31. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






32. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






33. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






34. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






35. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






36. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






37. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






38. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






39. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






40. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






41. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






42. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






43. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






44. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






45. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






46. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






47. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit






48. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






49. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






50. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.