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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






2. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






3. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






4. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






5. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






6. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






7. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






8. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






9. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






10. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






11. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






12. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






13. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






14. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






15. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






16. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






17. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






18. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






19. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






20. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






21. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






22. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






23. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






24. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






25. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






26. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






27. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






28. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






29. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






30. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






31. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






32. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






33. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






34. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.






35. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






36. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






37. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






38. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






39. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






40. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






41. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






42. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






43. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






44. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






45. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






46. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






47. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






48. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






49. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






50. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.