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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






2. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






3. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






4. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






5. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






6. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






7. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






8. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






9. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






10. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






11. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






12. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






13. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






14. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






15. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit






16. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






17. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






18. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






19. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






20. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






21. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






22. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






23. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






24. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






25. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






26. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






27. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






28. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






29. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






30. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






31. Becoming aware of something via the senses






32. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






33. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






34. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






35. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






36. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






37. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






38. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






39. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






40. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






41. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






42. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






43. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






44. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






45. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






46. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






47. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






48. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.






49. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






50. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.