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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






2. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






3. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






4. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






5. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






6. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






7. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






8. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






9. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






10. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






11. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






12. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






13. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






14. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






15. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






16. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






17. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






18. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






19. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






20. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






21. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.






22. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






23. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






24. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






25. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






26. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






27. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit






28. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






29. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






30. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






31. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






32. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






33. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






34. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






35. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






36. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






37. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






38. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






39. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






40. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






41. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






42. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






43. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






44. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






45. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






46. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






47. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






48. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






49. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






50. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.