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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






2. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






3. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.






4. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






5. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






6. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






7. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






8. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.






9. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






10. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






11. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






12. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






13. Becoming aware of something via the senses






14. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






15. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






16. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






17. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






18. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






19. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






20. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






21. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






22. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






23. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






24. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






25. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






26. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






27. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






28. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






29. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






30. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






31. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






32. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






33. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






34. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






35. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






36. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






37. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






38. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






39. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






40. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






41. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






42. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






43. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






44. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.






45. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






46. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






47. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






48. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






49. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






50. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.