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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






2. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






3. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






4. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






5. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.






6. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






7. Becoming aware of something via the senses






8. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






9. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






10. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






11. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






12. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






13. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.






14. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






15. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






16. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






17. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






18. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






19. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






20. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






21. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






22. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






23. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






24. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






25. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






26. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






27. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.






28. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






29. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






30. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






31. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






32. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






33. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






34. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.






35. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.






36. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






37. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






38. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






39. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






40. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






41. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






42. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






43. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






44. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






45. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






46. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






47. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






48. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






49. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






50. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.