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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






2. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






3. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






4. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






5. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.






6. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






7. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






8. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






9. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.






10. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






11. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






12. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.






13. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






14. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






15. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






16. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms






17. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






18. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






19. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






20. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






21. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






22. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






23. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






24. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






25. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






26. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






27. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






28. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






29. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






30. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






31. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






32. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






33. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






34. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






35. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






36. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






37. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






38. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






39. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






40. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






41. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






42. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






43. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






44. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






45. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






46. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






47. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






48. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






49. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






50. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others