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Test your basic knowledge |
Anthropology Basics - Praxis II
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Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a
Group Norms
Norms
Cultural Anthroplogy
B.F. Skinner
2. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.
Sterotypes
Ivan Pavlov
Sigmund Freud
Major Depressive Disorder
3. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.
Social Stratification
Negative Sanctions
Positive Sanctions
Prejudice
4. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.
Primary Groups
Institutions
Identity crisis
Sigmund Freud
5. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.
Reactionary Groups
Ethnocentrism
Beliefs
Cultural Diffusion
6. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.
Folkways
Antropology
Punishment
Archaeology
7. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life
Cultural Anthroplogy
Ascribed Status
Sterotypes
Punishment
8. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.
Ivan Pavlov
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Ascribed Status
Biases
9. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.
Negative Reinforcement
Social Stratification
Culture Clash
Prosocial Behavior
10. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation
Transference
Cultural Relativity
Carl Jung
Status
11. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life
Enculturation
Prosocial Behavior
Ascribed Status
Positive Sanctions
12. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).
Sterotypes
Social Cognition
Negative Reinforcement
Conflict
13. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone
Norms
Deindividualism
Deviance
Cultural Relativity
14. Unique characteristics of ethics groups
Institutions
Social Solidarity
Multicultural diversity
Physical Anthroplogy
15. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.
Enculturation
Multicultural diversity
Institutions
Laws
16. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.
Social Cognition
Subcultures
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Ivan Pavlov
17. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.
Biases
B.F. Skinner
Cultural Relativity
Beliefs
18. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit
Humanistic Psychology
Latent Learning
Primary Groups
Group
19. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.
Group Norms
Behavioral Psychology
Negative Sanctions
Transference
20. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.
Social mobility
Cultural Diffusion
B.F. Skinner
Socialization
21. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.
Beliefs
Deindividualism
Cultural Anthroplogy
B.F. Skinner
22. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms
Correlational Research
Latent Learning
Archaeology
Deviance
23. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.
Identity crisis
Biases
Values
Pluralism
24. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat
Prejudice
B.F. Skinner
Major Depressive Disorder
Reactionary Groups
25. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.
Reactionary Groups
Jean Piaget
Positive Sanctions
Behavioral Psychology
26. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.
Erik Erickson
Negative Reinforcement
Folkways
Cultural Relativity
27. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.
Networks
Positive Sanctions
Prejudice
Latent Learning
28. Specific ideas that people hold to be true
Identity crisis
Beliefs
Cultural Anthroplogy
Identity crisis
29. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding
Pluralistic Ignorance
Prosocial Behavior
Folkways
Deindividualism
30. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.
Group Norms
Laws
Negative Sanctions
Group Norms
31. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.
Sensitive Development Period
Latent Learning
Latent Learning
Archaeology
32. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.
Deviance
Values
Archaeology
Reactionary Groups
33. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.
Deviance
Multicultural diversity
Archaeology
Utopias
34. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.
Biases
Perception
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Correlational Research
35. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.
Ethnocentrism
Correlational Research
Identity Formation
Norms
36. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms
Sterotypes
Physical Anthroplogy
Conformity
Negative Reinforcement
37. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.
Sterotypes
Ivan Pavlov
Socialization
Positive Sanctions
38. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.
Antropology
Mores
Primary Groups
Sensitive Development Period
39. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.
Networks
Multicultural diversity
Laws
Paranoid Personality Disorder
40. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.
Prejudice
Archaeology
Punishment
Values
41. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit
Group
Networks
Humanistic Psychology
Social Stratification
42. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.
Primary Groups
Behavioral Psychology
Transference
Dominant Cultures
43. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.
Primary Groups
Cultural Relativity
Classical Conditioning
Serial-Position Effect
44. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).
Abnormal Psychology
Identity Formation
Social Solidarity
Conflict
45. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.
Split Brain
Punishment
Social Solidarity
Primary Groups
46. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).
Negative Reinforcement
Sigmund Freud
Transference
Serial-Position Effect
47. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.
Carl Jung
Schizophrenia
Identity crisis
Beliefs
48. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms
Schizophrenia
Deviance
Behavioral Psychology
Perception
49. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth
Utopias
Institutions
Correlational Research
Humanistic Psychology
50. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige
Cultural Diffusion
Folkways
Social Cognition
Social Stratification