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Test your basic knowledge |
Anthropology Basics - Praxis II
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Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.
Sensitive Development Period
Beliefs
Conflict
Cognitive Theory
2. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding
Latent Learning
Pluralistic Ignorance
Abnormal Psychology
Habituation
3. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.
Socialization
Reactionary Groups
Laws
Sensitive Development Period
4. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige
Prosocial Behavior
Cultural Anthroplogy
Laws
Social Stratification
5. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw
Group Norms
Split Brain
Sterotypes
Carl Jung
6. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).
Conflict
Positive Sanctions
Sigmund Freud
Values
7. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.
Jean Piaget
Perception
Humanistic Psychology
Correlational Research
8. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.
Multicultural diversity
Utopias
Serial-Position Effect
Abnormal Psychology
9. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Pluralism
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Culture Clash
10. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a
Values
Folkways
B.F. Skinner
Pluralism
11. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.
Multicultural diversity
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Enculturation
Culture Clash
12. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.
Multicultural diversity
Multicultural diversity
Subcultures
Role
13. Specific ideas that people hold to be true
Archaeology
Subcultures
Laws
Beliefs
14. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.
Abnormal Psychology
Social Stratification
Primary Groups
Pluralistic Ignorance
15. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.
Sterotypes
Group Norms
Sigmund Freud
Ethnocentrism
16. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.
Sterotypes
Utopias
Primary Groups
Mores
17. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).
Dominant Cultures
Antropology
Primary Groups
Values
18. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide
Norms
Biases
Sigmund Freud
Socialization
19. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit
Group
Major Depressive Disorder
Norms
Prejudice
20. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige
Punishment
Physical Anthroplogy
Sensitive Development Period
Social Stratification
21. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.
Negative Sanctions
Cognitive Theory
Cultural Anthroplogy
Multicultural diversity
22. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms
Split Brain
Perception
Dominant Cultures
Deviance
23. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.
Institutions
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Identity Formation
Conformity
24. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.
Schizophrenia
Cognitive Theory
Negative Reinforcement
Multicultural diversity
25. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone
Deviance
Group
Deindividualism
Cultural Anthroplogy
26. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.
Transference
Biases
Sigmund Freud
Identity Formation
27. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms
Abnormal Psychology
Physical Anthroplogy
Jean Piaget
Major Depressive Disorder
28. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.
Negative Reinforcement
Conflict
Antropology
Secondary Groups
29. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.
Pluralism
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Split Brain
Biases
30. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat
Identity crisis
Cultural Diffusion
Sterotypes
Major Depressive Disorder
31. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.
Antropology
Ideals
Social mobility
Pluralism
32. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.
Prejudice
Sigmund Freud
Mores
Sterotypes
33. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.
Reactionary Groups
Abnormal Psychology
Norms
Mores
34. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations
Reactionary Groups
Jean Piaget
Conformity
Subcultures
35. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.
Abnormal Psychology
Perception
Habituation
Carl Jung
36. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.
Cultural Diffusion
Enculturation
Social Stratification
Group
37. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.
Social Cognition
Identity crisis
Social Solidarity
Group Norms
38. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.
Jean Piaget
Humanistic Psychology
Socialization
Ideals
39. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.
Folkways
Networks
Reactionary Groups
Social Stratification
40. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.
Multicultural diversity
Cultural Anthroplogy
Social Stratification
Primary Groups
41. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.
Negative Reinforcement
Habituation
Prosocial Behavior
Archaeology
42. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.
Mores
Behavioral Psychology
Social Stratification
Punishment
43. Specific ideas that people hold to be true
Beliefs
Enculturation
Identity crisis
Positive Sanctions
44. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.
Perception
Ivan Pavlov
Socialization
Enculturation
45. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).
Transference
Reactionary Groups
Social mobility
Social mobility
46. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation
Pluralism
Institutions
Carl Jung
Perception
47. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en
Socialization
Serial-Position Effect
Mores
Punishment
48. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide
Sigmund Freud
Secondary Groups
Folkways
Reactionary Groups
49. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).
Behavioral Psychology
Conflict
Negative Reinforcement
Beliefs
50. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.
Sensitive Development Period
Socialization
Utopias
Sensitive Development Period
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