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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






2. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






3. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






4. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






5. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






6. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






7. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






8. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






9. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






10. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






11. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






12. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






13. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






14. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






15. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






16. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






17. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






18. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






19. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






20. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






21. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






22. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






23. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






24. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






25. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






26. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






27. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






28. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






29. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






30. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






31. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






32. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






33. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






34. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






35. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






36. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






37. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






38. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






39. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






40. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






41. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






42. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






43. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






44. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






45. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






46. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






47. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






48. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






49. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






50. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms







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