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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






2. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






3. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






4. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






5. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






6. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






7. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






8. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






9. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






10. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.






11. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






12. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






13. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






14. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






15. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






16. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






17. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






18. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit






19. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






20. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






21. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






22. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






23. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






24. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






25. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






26. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






27. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






28. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






29. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






30. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






31. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






32. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






33. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.






34. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






35. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






36. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






37. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






38. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






39. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






40. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






41. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






42. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






43. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






44. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






45. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






46. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






47. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






48. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.






49. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






50. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.