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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






2. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






3. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






4. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






5. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






6. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






7. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






8. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.






9. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






10. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.






11. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






12. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






13. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






14. Becoming aware of something via the senses






15. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






16. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






17. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.






18. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






19. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






20. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






21. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






22. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






23. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






24. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.






25. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






26. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






27. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






28. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






29. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






30. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






31. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






32. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






33. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






34. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






35. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






36. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






37. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






38. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






39. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






40. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






41. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






42. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






43. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






44. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






45. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






46. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.






47. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.






48. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






49. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






50. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.