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Test your basic knowledge |
Anthropology Basics - Praxis II
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Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige
Social Stratification
Physical Anthroplogy
Conformity
Jean Piaget
2. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).
Subcultures
Reactionary Groups
Transference
Socialization
3. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.
Utopias
Erik Erickson
Conformity
Dissociative Identity Disorder
4. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.
Cultural Relativity
Utopias
Classical Conditioning
Mores
5. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.
Negative Reinforcement
Negative Sanctions
Punishment
Conformity
6. Becoming aware of something via the senses
Identity crisis
Networks
Perception
Pluralistic Ignorance
7. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations
Norms
Cultural Diffusion
Habituation
Reactionary Groups
8. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.
Conflict
Social Cognition
Perception
Habituation
9. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.
Ideals
Erik Erickson
Social Solidarity
Negative Reinforcement
10. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations
Group
Habituation
Jean Piaget
Archaeology
11. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.
Positive Sanctions
Ideals
Cognitive Theory
Group Norms
12. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.
Folkways
Pluralism
Cultural Relativity
Jean Piaget
13. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.
Abnormal Psychology
Carl Jung
Schizophrenia
Networks
14. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en
Physical Anthroplogy
Enculturation
Cultural Anthroplogy
Serial-Position Effect
15. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.
Latent Learning
Archaeology
Cognitive Theory
Social Stratification
16. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth
Sensitive Development Period
Reactionary Groups
Humanistic Psychology
Schizophrenia
17. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.
Schizophrenia
Networks
Enculturation
Jean Piaget
18. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.
Positive Sanctions
Ivan Pavlov
Prejudice
Identity crisis
19. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.
Conflict
Ivan Pavlov
Abnormal Psychology
Biases
20. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.
Pluralism
Major Depressive Disorder
Utopias
Norms
21. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.
Ideals
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Sterotypes
Values
22. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms
Culture Clash
Antropology
Deviance
Punishment
23. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.
Dominant Cultures
Conformity
B.F. Skinner
Schizophrenia
24. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.
Utopias
Transference
Sensitive Development Period
Pluralism
25. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a
B.F. Skinner
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Group Norms
Cultural Diffusion
26. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.
Sensitive Development Period
Erik Erickson
Social Stratification
Behavioral Psychology
27. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw
Subcultures
Punishment
Group Norms
Cultural Diffusion
28. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.
Dominant Cultures
Identity Formation
Status
Behavioral Psychology
29. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.
Laws
Social Cognition
Ivan Pavlov
Major Depressive Disorder
30. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.
Major Depressive Disorder
Pluralism
Sterotypes
Cognitive Theory
31. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.
Primary Groups
Folkways
Dominant Cultures
Sensitive Development Period
32. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.
Conflict
Identity crisis
Antropology
Archaeology
33. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.
Prejudice
Ethnocentrism
Social mobility
Reactionary Groups
34. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.
Sterotypes
Archaeology
Negative Reinforcement
Transference
35. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.
Culture Clash
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Ideals
Major Depressive Disorder
36. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations
Socialization
Jean Piaget
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Sterotypes
37. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others
Prosocial Behavior
Ivan Pavlov
Negative Reinforcement
Paranoid Personality Disorder
38. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en
Humanistic Psychology
Secondary Groups
Serial-Position Effect
Punishment
39. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.
Negative Reinforcement
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Deviance
Role
40. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)
Erik Erickson
Prosocial Behavior
Antropology
Positive Sanctions
41. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems
Enculturation
Secondary Groups
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Prejudice
42. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation
Major Depressive Disorder
Serial-Position Effect
Carl Jung
Mores
43. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.
Split Brain
Classical Conditioning
B.F. Skinner
Social Stratification
44. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.
Archaeology
Conformity
Prejudice
Sigmund Freud
45. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).
Humanistic Psychology
Archaeology
Norms
Values
46. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.
Habituation
Sensitive Development Period
Utopias
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
47. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.
Ethnocentrism
Split Brain
Abnormal Psychology
Social Stratification
48. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.
Sigmund Freud
Enculturation
Negative Sanctions
Sensitive Development Period
49. Becoming aware of something via the senses
Networks
Archaeology
Perception
Cultural Diffusion
50. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide
Cultural Relativity
Prejudice
Sigmund Freud
Multicultural diversity