Test your basic knowledge |

Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






2. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






3. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






4. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






5. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






6. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






7. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






8. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.






9. Becoming aware of something via the senses






10. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






11. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.






12. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






13. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






14. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






15. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






16. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






17. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






18. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






19. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.






20. Becoming aware of something via the senses






21. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






22. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






23. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






24. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






25. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






26. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






27. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






28. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






29. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






30. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






31. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






32. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






33. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






34. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






35. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






36. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






37. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






38. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






39. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






40. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






41. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






42. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






43. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






44. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






45. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






46. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.






47. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






48. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






49. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






50. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth