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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






2. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






3. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






4. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






5. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






6. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






7. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






8. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






9. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






10. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






11. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






12. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






13. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






14. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






15. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






16. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






17. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






18. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






19. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






20. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






21. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.






22. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






23. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






24. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






25. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






26. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






27. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






28. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






29. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






30. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.






31. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






32. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms






33. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






34. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






35. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.






36. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






37. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






38. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






39. Study of artifacts and relics of early mankind - the study of the remains of past cultures.






40. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






41. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






42. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.






43. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






44. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






45. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






46. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






47. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






48. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






49. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






50. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?



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