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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Becoming aware of something via the senses






2. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






3. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






4. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






5. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms






6. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






7. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






8. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






9. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






10. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






11. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






12. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






13. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






14. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






15. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






16. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






17. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






18. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






19. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






20. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.






21. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.






22. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






23. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






24. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






25. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






26. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






27. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






28. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






29. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






30. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






31. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






32. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit






33. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






34. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






35. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






36. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






37. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






38. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






39. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






40. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






41. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






42. The actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.






43. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






44. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms






45. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






46. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






47. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






48. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






49. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






50. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide