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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






2. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






3. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






4. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






5. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






6. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






7. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






8. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






9. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






10. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






11. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






12. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






13. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






14. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






15. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






16. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






17. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






18. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






19. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






20. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






21. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






22. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






23. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






24. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






25. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






26. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






27. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






28. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






29. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






30. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






31. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






32. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






33. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






34. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






35. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






36. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






37. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






38. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






39. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






40. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






41. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






42. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






43. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






44. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






45. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






46. Becoming aware of something via the senses






47. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






48. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






49. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






50. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.