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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






2. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






3. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






4. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






5. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






6. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






7. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






8. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






9. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






10. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






11. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






12. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






13. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






14. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






15. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






16. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






17. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






18. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






19. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






20. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






21. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






22. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






23. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






24. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






25. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






26. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






27. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






28. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






29. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






30. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






31. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






32. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






33. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






34. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






35. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






36. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






37. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






38. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






39. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






40. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






41. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






42. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






43. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






44. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit






45. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






46. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






47. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






48. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






49. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






50. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.