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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






2. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






3. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






4. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






5. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






6. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






7. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






8. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






9. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






10. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






11. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






12. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






13. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






14. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






15. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






16. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms






17. Social disapproval for violating a norm - a punishment or threat of a punishment to promote conformity to norms.






18. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






19. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






20. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






21. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.






22. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






23. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






24. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






25. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






26. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






27. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






28. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






29. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






30. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






31. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






32. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.






33. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






34. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






35. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






36. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






37. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






38. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






39. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.






40. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






41. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






42. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






43. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






44. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit






45. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






46. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






47. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






48. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






49. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






50. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.