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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






2. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






3. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






4. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






5. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






6. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






7. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






8. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






9. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






10. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






11. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






12. It is the branch of anthropology that examines culture as a meaningful scientific concept.






13. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






14. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






15. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






16. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






17. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






18. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






19. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






20. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






21. The doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements.






22. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






23. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






24. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






25. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






26. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






27. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms






28. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






29. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






30. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






31. Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs. This technique is used to increase the frequency of behavior.






32. A state or condition markedly different from the norm - behavior that departs from societal or group norms






33. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.






34. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






35. Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit






36. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






37. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






38. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






39. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






40. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






41. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.






42. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






43. A general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions - decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.






44. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






45. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






46. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






47. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






48. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






49. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.






50. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.