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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






2. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






3. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






4. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






5. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






6. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






7. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






8. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






9. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






10. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






11. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






12. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






13. Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis - 1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic - personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego - reality and pleasure principles - ego ide






14. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






15. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






16. Refers to viewpoints that seek to return to a previous state (the status quo ante) in a society. The term is meant to stand in opposition to and as one end of a political spectrum whose opposite pole is 'radicalism'.






17. A set of informal and formal social ties that links people to each other.






18. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






19. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






20. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






21. Social groups - such as family or friends - composed of intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved - groups that provide members with a sense of belonging and affection.






22. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






23. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






24. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






25. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






26. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






27. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






28. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






29. Groups marked by impersonal - instrumental relationships (those existing as a means to an end). - groups that meet principally to solve problems






30. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






31. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






32. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






33. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






34. Social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life






35. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






36. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






37. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






38. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






39. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






40. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






41. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






42. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






43. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






44. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






45. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






46. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






47. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






48. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






49. The spread of ideas - customs - and technologies from one people to another.






50. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat