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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.






2. Distress and disorientation (especially in adolescence) resulting from conflicting pressures and uncertainty about and one's self and one's role in society.






3. Abandoning normal restraints to the power of the group - doing together what we would not do alone






4. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






5. A person's condition or position in the eyes of the law; relative rank or standing - especially in society; prestige






6. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






7. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






8. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






9. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






10. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






11. Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth






12. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






13. Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true - by the very terms of the prophecy itself - due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.






14. A mood disorder in which a person - for no apparent reason - experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods - feelings of worthlessness - and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities (Most common psychologoical disorder in the United Stat






15. Is experienced when an individual experiences conflict between the beliefs - values and expectations of their primary culture and a new culture in which they must function.






16. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






17. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






18. An inclination for or against a person - place - idea or thing that inhibits impartial judgment. - a prejudice towards one particular point of view or ideology.






19. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






20. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






21. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






22. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw






23. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






24. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






25. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






26. Acting according to certain accepted standards - adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.






27. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






28. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






29. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






30. A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables in order to describe how these variables change together. One advantage is that it helps psychologists make predictions.






31. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






32. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






33. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






34. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






35. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






36. Positive - constructive - helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior






37. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






38. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






39. Tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups - belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.






40. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






41. The recognition that all cultures develop their own ways of dealing with the specific demands of their environments - the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.






42. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






43. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






44. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.






45. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






46. The state of having shared beliefs and values among members of a social group - along with intense and frequent interaction among group members.






47. Reformers founded these ideal communities to realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from competition - communities designed to create perfect societies.






48. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






49. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






50. Are rules that are designed to govern the behavior of the members. Are intended to integrate the actions of the group members. Are to reflect the appropriate behavior - attitudes - and perceptions of the the members. 'Conformity and compliance are tw