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Anthropology Basics - Praxis II

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






2. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






3. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






4. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) - a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard.






5. The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society.






6. The lifelong process by which people learn their culture and develop a sense of self.






7. 1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian - analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy - not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation






8. A Russian researcher in the early 1900s who was the first research into learned behavior (conditioning) who discovered classical conditioning.






9. A false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling - or how they are responding






10. Groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values - norms - language - and/or material culture.






11. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






12. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






13. Becoming aware of something via the senses






14. Specific ideas that people hold to be true






15. Becoming aware of something via the senses






16. The field of psychology concerned with the assessment - treatment - and prevention of maladaptive behavior.






17. A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.






18. Unique characteristics of ethics groups






19. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






20. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






21. The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth - prestige - education and power.






22. Psychological perspective that focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them and solve-problems.






23. Erikson; stage of adolescence where teens are to develop a stable sense of self necessary to make the transition from dependence on other to dependence on oneself






24. 1896-1980; Swiss developmental psychologist who proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development based on the concept of mental operations






25. Developmental Psychology: Psychosocial stage theory of development (eight stages)






26. Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement on pidgeons a






27. Values - customs - and language established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society.






28. Scientific study of humankind in all its aspects - especially human evolution - development - and culture - Studying the orgins and development of people and their society.






29. Critical Period in development is a period of time which an organism typically needs to be exposed to a particular stimulus in order for proper development to occur.






30. One of two components - together with agricultural surplus - which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth - power - production - and prestige






31. Social approval for observing a norm - a reward or positive reaction for following norms - ranging from a smile to a prize.






32. Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact.






33. The conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group - norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.






34. A partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation - an opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.






35. The rules and procedures that provide incentives for political behavior - thereby shaping politics - organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake.






36. Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture - norms for routine or casual interaction.






37. A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them. Research states that the left hemisphere is responsible for spoken language.






38. Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members - shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations






39. A branch of psychology that focuses on observable actions - particularly stimulus-response methods.






40. A term coined by Hermann Ebbinghaus - refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an item's position within a study list. When asked to recall a list of items in any order (free recall) - people tend to begin recall with the en






41. Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.






42. The process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another (psychoanalysis).






43. A generalization -oversimplified view or opinion that members of a group rigidly apply to a thing -an idea -or another group.






44. A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned - neutral stimulus.






45. Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something).






46. A state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests - an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals).






47. Type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others






48. Systematic study of humans and biological organisms






49. Enforceable rules of conduct in a society.






50. Mental processes associated with people's perceptions of - and reactions to - other people.