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AP Biology

Subjects : science, ap, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A basic principle in biology stating that genes are located on chromosomes and that the behavior of chromosomes during meiosis accounts for inheritance patterns.






2. Prokaryotes cell division . Each daughter cell receives a copy of the single parental chromosome






3. The protein shell that encloses a viral genome. It may be rod-shaped - polyhedral - or more complete in shape.






4. Having an affinity to water






5. The conversion of pyruvate to lactate with no release of carbon dioxide.






6. A type of yellow-green accessory photosynthetic pigment that transfers energy to chlorophyll a.






7. The passive movement of molecules down their concentration gradient via transport proteins






8. A double-stranded - helical nucleic acid molecule capable of replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell's proteins.






9. Sites of photosynthesis. convert solar energy--> chemical energy by absorbing sunlight and using it to drive the synthesis of organic compounds from CO2 and H20






10. A chemical process that lyses - or splits - molecules by the addition of water; an essential process in digestion.






11. The multicellular haploid form in organisms undergoing alternation of generations that mitotically produces haploid gametes that unite and grow into the sporophyte generation.






12. Dissolving agent of a solution






13. A quantum - or discrete amount - of light energy.






14. A substance that reduces the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution






15. A sugar (monosaccharide) or one of its dimers (disaccharides) or polymers (polysaccharides).






16. Sex cells (haploid cells; egg or sperm) unite to form a diploid zygote






17. The portion of a system's energy that can perform work when temperature is uniform throughout the system.






18. A mass of abnormal cells that remains at the site of origin






19. A quantitative measure of disorder or randomness - symbolized by S.






20. Having the same solute concentration as another solution.






21. A substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution






22. The enzyme that catalyzes the first step of the Calvin cycle (the addition of CO2 to RuBP - or ribulose bisphosphate).






23. Maintenance of cell shape (compression resisting girders) cell motility organelle and chromosome movement






24. A covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides by a dehydration reaction.






25. An element indispensable for life but required in extremely minimum amounts






26. Lacking oxygen; referring to an organism - environment - or cellular process that lacks oxygen and may be poisoned by it.






27. A spontaneous chemical reaction in which there is a net release of free energy






28. The diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane because it require no energy from the cell to make it happen - the concentration gradient represents potential energy and drives fusion






29. A type of covalent bond between atoms that differ in electronegativity. the shared electrons are pulled closer to the more electronegative atom. making one slightly negative and the other slightly positive






30. A functional group present in aldehydes and ketones and consisting of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom.






31. An initial RNA transcript; also called pre-mRNA.






32. Rain - snow - or fog that is more acidic than pH 5.6.






33. The covalent bond between two amino acid units - formed by a dehydration reaction






34. A measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid






35. A molecule that binds specifically to a receptor site of another molecule.






36. The cellular secretion of macromolecules by the fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane.






37. A coding region of a eukaryotic gene. Exons - which are expressed - are separated from each other by introns.






38. A green pigment located within the chloroplasts of plants. Chlorophyll a can participate directly in the light reactions - which convert solar energy to chemical energy.






39. A type of cell lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles; found only in the domains Bacteria and Archaea.






40. A specific nucleotide sequence in DNA that binds RNA polymerase and indicates where to start transcribing RNA.






41. A specialized molecule sharing the reaction center with the chlorophyll a molecule; it accepts an electron from the chlorophyll a molecule.






42. The most abundant type of RNA - which together with proteins - forms the structure of ribosomes. Ribosomes coordinate the sequential coupling of tRNA molecules to mRNA codons.






43. A heritable feature.






44. Any cell in multicellular organism except an egg or sperm






45. One of two light-harvesting units of a chloroplast's thylakoid membrane; it uses the P700 reaction-center chlorophyll.






46. The simplest carbohydrate - active alone or serving as a monomer for disaccharides and polysaccharides. Also known as simple sugars - the molecular formulas of are generally some multiple of CH2O.






47. Phase of cell cycle that includes mitosis and cytokenisis






48. Drive the diffusion of ions across a membrane 1. chemical force based on an ions concentration gradient. 2. the other is an electrical force based on the effect of the membrane potential on the ion's movement ion diffuses down its electrochemical gra






49. A microscope that focuses an electron beam through a specimen - resulting in resolving power a thousandfold greater than that of a light microscope. A transmission electron microscope (TEM) is used to study the internal structure of thin sections of






50. A stacked portion of the thylakoid membrane in the chloroplast. Grana function in the light reactions of photosynthesis