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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The subunit that serves as the building block of a polymer.
hypertonic
mitochondria
monomer
triplet code
2. Double membrane perforated by pores which regulate entry and exit of certain macromolecules and particles
grana
sodium potassium pump
nuclear envelope
peptide bond
3. A metabolic sequence that breaks fatty acids down to two-carbon fragments which enter the Krebs cycle as acetyl CoA.
ATP
complete dominance
beta oxidation
centrosome
4. Having two different alleles for a given genetic character
meiosis
telophase
heterozygous
F1 generation
5. Anchorage of nucleus and certain other organelles - formation of nuclear lamina
active transport
glycoproteins
intermediate filaments
coenzyme
6. The X-shaped - microscopically visible region representing homologous chromatids that have exchanged genetic material through crossing over during meiosis.
lysosomes
trisomic
calvin cycle
chiasmata
7. A two-stage type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that results in cells with half the chromosome number of the original cell.
proton motive force
oxidizing agent
meiosis
malignant tumor
8. An organic molecule possessing both carboxyl and amino groups. Amino acids serve as the monomers of proteins.
pinocytosis
amino acid
cytosol
oxidizing agent
9. The new continuous complementary DNA strand synthesized along the template strand in the mandatory 5' 3' direction.
desmosome
leading strand
telomeres
heat
10. A stacked portion of the thylakoid membrane in the chloroplast. Grana function in the light reactions of photosynthesis
starch
ultra centrifuges
grana
asexual reproduction
11. Differences between members of the same species.
dehydration reaction
induced fit
variation
haploid cells
12. The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
acid
collagen
proton
osmosis
13. A long carbon chain carboxylic acid. vary in length and in the number and location of double bonds; three fatty acids linked to a glycerol molecule form fat.
sister chromatids
fatty acid
action spectrum
photophosphorylation
14. The fifth and final subphase of mitosis in which daughter nuclei are forming and cytokenisis actually begins
chromatin
hypertonic
telophase
valence electrons
15. A negatively charged ion
cytological maps
F2 generation
diploid cells
anion
16. One of two light-harvesting units of a chloroplast's thylakoid membrane; it uses the P700 reaction-center chlorophyll.
feedback inhibition
photosystem I
genotype
polyribosomes
17. Function like rivets fastening cells together into strong sheets Intermediate filaments reinforce this
primary transcript
phosphate group
desmosome
endocytosis
18. A membranous sac in a mature plant cell with diverse roles in reproduction - growth - and development.
central vacuole
rubisco Ribulose carboxylase
interphase
P. generation
19. A cell containing two sets of chromosomes (2n) - one set inherited from each parent.
genetic recombination
point mutation
fatty acid
diploid cells
20. A reaction in which two molecules become covalently bonded to each other through the loss of a small molecule - usually water; also called dehydration reaction.
anaphase
condensation reaction
intermediate filaments
cytokenisis
21. An attraction between two atoms resulting from a sharing of outer shell electrons or the presence of opposite charges on the atom; the bonded atoms gain compounds outer electron shells
NaD+
chemical bonds
clone
ribosomes
22. The entire contents of the cell - exclusive of the nucleus - and bounded by the plasma membrane.
cytoplasm
synapsis
feedback inhibition
turgid (firm)
23. The protective structure at each end of a eukaryotic chromosome. Specifically - the tandemly repetitive DNA at the end of the chromosome's DNA molecule. See also repetitive DNA.
telomeres
carotenoids
karyotype
wild type
24. The binding together of like molecules often by hydrogen bonds
actin
cohesion
membrane potential
chiasmata
25. Complete complement of organisms genes; genetic material
cofactor
stroma
genome
kinetochore
26. A chemical cycle involving eight steps that completes the metabolic breakdown of glucose molecules to carbon dioxide; occurs within the mitochondrion; the second major stage in cellular respiration.
peripheral proteins
spectrophotometer
krebs Cycle
genes
27. Golgi appartus--> usually located near the ER a vesicle that buds from the ER will add its membrane and the contents of its lumen -cavity - to this face
sexual reproduction
variation
cis face
F2 generation
28. That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes.
template strand
cis face
1st law of thermodynamics
Rough ER
29. Genes that are located on the same chromosome.
chromatin
surface tension
linked genes
law of segregration
30. Phase of cell cycle that includes mitosis and cytokenisis
mitotoic phase
matter
chromatin
glycolysis
31. One of two families of nitrogenous bases found in nucleotides. Cytosine (C) - thymine (T) - and uracil (U) are pyrimidines.
parental types
pyrimidines
plasmolysis
RNA processing
32. A steroid that forms an essential component of animal cell membranes and acts as a precursor molecule for the synthesis of other biologically important steroids.
bacteriophage
cholesterol
missense mutations
acid
33. A polymer of up to over a thousand monosaccharides - formed by dehydration reactions.
polysaccharides
replication fork
chlorophyll
nuclear envelope
34. Provide cytoplasmic channels between adjacent animal cells
gap junctions
hydrophobic
beta oxidation
cytoplasm
35. An accident of meiosis or mitosis - in which the members of a pair of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids fail to move apart properly.
nondisjunction
reaction center
translation
noncyclic electron flow
36. A giant molecule formed by the joining of smaller molecules - usually by a condensation reaction. Polysaccharides - proteins - and nucleic acids are macromolecules.
organic chemistry
gated channels
macromolecule
malignant tumor
37. Charts of chromosomes that locate genes with respect to chromosomal features.
cytological maps
phagocytosis
isomers
density dependent inhibitor
38. The enzyme that catalyzes the first step of the Calvin cycle (the addition of CO2 to RuBP - or ribulose bisphosphate).
covalent bonds
autotrophs
rubisco Ribulose carboxylase
Substrate-Level Phosphorylation
39. The formation of ATP by directly transferring a phosphate group to ADP from an intermediate substrate in catabolism.
capsid
Substrate-Level Phosphorylation
deletion
acid
40. A catabolic process that makes a limited amount of ATP from glucose without an electron transport chain and that produces a characteristic end product - such as ethyl alcohol or lactic acid.
rough ER
homologous chromosomes
fermentation
buffers
41. A type of inheritance in which F1 hybrids have an appearance that is intermediate between the phenotypes of the parental varieties
fatty acid
pleiotropy
incomplete dominance
steroids
42. Mendel's first law - stating that allele pairs separate during gamete formation - and then randomly re-form as pairs during the fusion of gametes at fertilization.
endoplasmic reticulum
rough ER
pH
law of segregration
43. A polymer (polynucleotide) consisting of many nucleotide monomers; serves as a blueprint for proteins and - through the actions of proteins - for all cellular activities. The two types are DNA and RNA.
phospholipid
nucleic acid
ketone
electron transport chain
44. The second growth face of the cell cycle consisting of the portion of interphase after DNA synthesis occurs
Rough ER
G2 phase
capsid
Cell-cell recognition
45. A netlike array of protein filaments that maintains the shape of the nucleus.
trans face
cotransport
polygenic inheritance
nuclear lamina
46. An organic molecule serving as a cofactor. Most vitamins function in important metabolic reactions.
coenzyme
Cytochrome
chlorophyll B
somatic cells
47. A sugar (monosaccharide) or one of its dimers (disaccharides) or polymers (polysaccharides).
transfer RNA
carbohydrates
Cytochrome
collagen
48. An instrument that measures the proportions of light of different wavelengths absorbed and transmitted by a pigment solution.
transcription unit
hypertonic
spectrophotometer
electron microscope
49. An organic molecule consisting only of carbon and hydrogen.
hydrocarbons
growth factor
Peripheral proteins
benign tumor
50. A type of endocytosis involving large - particulate substances.
purines
metastasis
phagocytosis
rubisco Ribulose carboxylase