Test your basic knowledge |

AP Biology

Subjects : science, ap, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Synthesis phase of cell cycle; portion of interphase which DNA is replicated






2. An accessory pigment - either yellow or orange - in the chloroplasts of plants. By absorbing wavelengths of light that chlorophyll cannot - carotenoids broaden the spectrum of colors that can drive photosynthesis.






3. The conversion of a normal animal cell to a cancerous cell.






4. A route of electron flow during the light reactions of photosynthesis that involves only photosystem I and that produces ATP but not NADPH or oxygen






5. The multicellular diploid form in organisms undergoing alternation of generations that results from a union of gametes and that meiotically produces haploid spores that grow into the gametophyte generation.






6. Having the same solute concentration as another solution.






7. The passive movement of molecules down their concentration gradient via transport proteins






8. The multicellular haploid form in organisms undergoing alternation of generations that mitotically produces haploid gametes that unite and grow into the sporophyte generation.






9. (1) An atom's central core - containing protons and neutrons. (2) The chromosome-containing organelle of a eukaryotic cell. (3) A cluster of neurons.






10. The enzyme that catalyzes the first step of the Calvin cycle (the addition of CO2 to RuBP - or ribulose bisphosphate).






11. Phase of cell cycle that includes mitosis and cytokenisis






12. The generation-to-generation sequence of stages in the reproductive history of an organism.






13. A giant molecule formed by the joining of smaller molecules - usually by a condensation reaction. Polysaccharides - proteins - and nucleic acids are macromolecules.






14. An accident of meiosis or mitosis - in which the members of a pair of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids fail to move apart properly.






15. The entire contents of the cell - exclusive of the nucleus - and bounded by the plasma membrane.






16. The complex of DNA and proteins that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome. When the cell is not dividing -exists as a mass of very long - thin fibers that are not visible with a light microscope.






17. A machine that spins test tubes at the fastest speeds to separate liquids and particles of different densities.






18. A type of lipid characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four rings with various functional groups attached.






19. The specific portion of an enzyme that attaches to the substrate by means of weak chemical bonds.






20. The mating - or crossing - of two varieties.






21. The pairing of replicated homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis.






22. Containing oxygen; referring to an organism - environment - or cellular process that requires oxygen.






23. A type of endocytosis involving large - particulate substances.






24. A virus that infects bacteria; also called a phage. See phage.






25. Digestive compartments (macromolecules) carry out intracellular digestion . Use their hydrolytic enzymes to recycle the cell's own organic material (autophagy)






26. A long carbon chain carboxylic acid. vary in length and in the number and location of double bonds; three fatty acids linked to a glycerol molecule form fat.






27. An organic molecule consisting only of carbon and hydrogen.






28. An organism that obtains organic food molecules without eating other organisms or substances derived from other organisms. Autotrophs use energy from the sun or from the oxidation of inorganic substances to make organic molecules from inorganic ones.






29. An increase or decrease in the density of a chemical substance in an area. Cells often maintain concentration gradients of ions across their membranes. When a gradient exists - the ions or other chemical substances involved tend to move from where th






30. The cell engulfs a particle by extending psedopodia around it and packaging it in a large vacuole






31. An infolding of the inner membrane of a mitochondrion that houses the electron transport chain and the enzyme catalyzing the synthesis of ATP.






32. A method of metabolic control in which the end product of a metabolic pathway acts as an inhibitor of an enzyme within that pathway.






33. Any substance that cannot be broken down to any other substance






34. That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum that is free of ribosomes.






35. A cell organelle constructed in the nucleolus and functioning as the site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm; consists of rRNA and protein molecules - which make up two subunits.






36. A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA - in some viruses).






37. A special sequence of nucleotides in DNA that marks the end of a gene. It signals RNA polymerase to release the newly made RNA molecule - which then departs from the gene






38. An organelle in eukaryotic cells that serves as the site of cellular respiration.






39. Rain - snow - or fog that is more acidic than pH 5.6.






40. A heritable feature.






41. A type of covalent bond between atoms that differ in electronegativity. the shared electrons are pulled closer to the more electronegative atom. making one slightly negative and the other slightly positive






42. A covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides by a dehydration reaction.






43. A human genetic disease caused by a sex-linked recessive allele; characterized by progressive weakening and a loss of muscle tissue.






44. The protein shell that encloses a viral genome. It may be rod-shaped - polyhedral - or more complete in shape.






45. An organism that is heterozygous with respect to a single gene of interest. A monohybrid results from a cross between parents homozygous for different alleles. For example - parents of genotypes AA and aa produce a monohybrid genotype of Aa.






46. The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.






47. The conversion of pyruvate to lactate with no release of carbon dioxide.






48. An organism that obtains organic food molecules by eating other organisms or their by-products.






49. A two-stage type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that results in cells with half the chromosome number of the original cell.






50. The reactant on which an enzyme works