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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A plant that uses crassulacean acid metabolism - an adaptation for photosynthesis in arid conditions - first discovered in the family Crassulaceae. Carbon dioxide entering open stomata during the night is converted into organic acids - which release
CAM
monohybrids
faculative anaerobes
free ribosomes
2. A functional group important in energy transfer.
C4 plants
voltage
passive transport
phosphate group
3. A protein channel in a cell membrane that opens or closes in response to a particular stimulus.
cohesion
glycosidic linkage
true breeding
gated channels
4. An already existing RNA chain bound to template DNA to which DNA nucleotides are added during DNA synthesis.
terminator
Peripheral proteins
primer
frameshift mutation
5. An adenine-containing nucleoside triphosphate that releases free energy when its phosphate bonds are hydrolyzed. This energy is used to drive endergonic reactions in cells.
ATP
pedigree
beta oxidation
aquaporins(water channel)
6. A specialized structure in the nucleus - formed from various chromosomes and active in the synthesis of ribosomes.
Cytochrome
nucleolus
helicase
peroxisomes
7. The coupling of the 'downhill' diffusion of one substance to the 'uphill' transport of another against its own concentration gradient.
bundle sheath cell
active transport
cotransport
denaturation
8. A type of reproduction involving only one parent that produces genetically identical offspring by budding or by the division of a single cell or the entire organism into two or more parts.
peptide bond
capsid
somatic cells
asexual reproduction
9. A change in a gene at a single nucleotide pair
alternation of generations
dominant allele
point mutation
hemophilia
10. A double membrane across the midline of a dividing plant cell between which the new cell wall forms during cytokenisis
hypertonic
cell plate
element
desmosome
11. A short cellular appendage specialized for locomotion - formed from a core of nine outer doublet microtubules and two inner single microtubules ensheathed in an extension of plasma membrane.
bound ribosomes
primer
cofactor
cilia
12. A heritable feature.
cell fractionation
character
mutagens
base
13. The second of two major stages in photosynthesis (following the light reactions) - involving atmospheric CO2 fixation and reduction of the fixed carbon into carbohydrate.
temperature
calvin cycle
Integral proteins
proton
14. The protective structure at each end of a eukaryotic chromosome. Specifically - the tandemly repetitive DNA at the end of the chromosome's DNA molecule. See also repetitive DNA.
telomeres
pinocytosis
smooth ER
monosomic
15. A protein that must be present in the extracellular environment for the growth and normal development of certain types of cells
growth factor
passive transport
ATP
cystic fibrosis
16. The addition of electrons to a substance involved in a redox reaction.
noncyclic phosphorylation
reduction
electrogenic pumps
nuclease
17. In a heterozygote - the allele that is completely masked in the phenotype.
intermediate filaments
noncyclic phosphorylation
recessive allele
cell wall
18. The substance in which animal tissue cells are embedded consisting of protein and polysaccharides.
extracellular matrix
replication fork
spliceosome
sodium potassium pump
19. Phase of cell cycle that includes mitosis and cytokenisis
nondisjunction
aerobic
phagocytosis
mitotoic phase
20. A substance that consists of acid and base forms in a solution and that minimizes changes in pH when extraneous acids or bases are added to the solution.
buffers
thylakoids
cell division
pleiotropy
21. The production of ATP by noncyclic electron flow.
noncyclic phosphorylation
1st law of thermodynamics
pyrimidines
facilitated diffusion
22. An extensive membranous network in eukaryotic cells - continuous with the outer nuclear membrane and composed of ribosome-studded (rough) and ribosome-free (smooth) regions.
endoplasmic reticulum
heterotrophs
stroma
point mutation
23. Electrical potential energy due to the separation of opposite charges
voltage
sodium potassium pump
geometric isomers
beta (B) pleated sheet
24. A membrane that cloaks the capsid that in turn encloses a viral genome.
cell cycle control system
endergonic reaction
character
viral envelope
25. A dense object lying along the inside of the nuclear envelope in female mammalian cells - representing an inactivated X chromosome.
fatty acid
barr body
anaphase
cofactor
26. Sex cells (haploid cells; egg or sperm) unite to form a diploid zygote
nucleoid
cytoplasm
nucleolus
gametes
27. A three-dimensional biological polymer constructed from a set of 20 different monomers called amino acids.
electrochemical gradient
fluid mosaic model
C3 plants
protein
28. The fluid of the chloroplast surrounding the thylakoid membrane; involved in the synthesis of organic molecules from carbon dioxide and water.
peroxisomes
cell division
stroma
cell plate
29. An accessory pigment - either yellow or orange - in the chloroplasts of plants. By absorbing wavelengths of light that chlorophyll cannot - carotenoids broaden the spectrum of colors that can drive photosynthesis.
true breeding
chlorophyll A
carotenoids
electrochemical gradient
30. A microscope that focuses an electron beam through a specimen - resulting in resolving power a thousandfold greater than that of a light microscope. A transmission electron microscope (TEM) is used to study the internal structure of thin sections of
electron microscope
aqueous solution
mitochondria
chlorophyll
31. Period when cell cycle when cell is not dividing- cell metabolic activity is high - chromsomes and organelles are duplicated and cell size may increase. 90% of cell cycle
ligands
solution
interphase
RNA splicing
32. Function like rivets fastening cells together into strong sheets Intermediate filaments reinforce this
cofactor
coenzyme
thermodynamics
desmosome
33. A type of lipid characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four rings with various functional groups attached.
steroids
organic chemistry
cellulose
glycoproteins
34. A flattened membrane sac inside the chloroplast - used to convert light energy to chemical energy.
thylakoids
translation
ATP synthase
G0 phase
35. An electrically neutral particle found in the nucleus of an atom
valence electrons
neutron
visible light
G2 phase
36. A membranous sac that helps move excess water out of the cell.
contractile vacuoles
light reactions
duchenne muscular dystropy
prophase
37. Containing oxygen; referring to an organism - environment - or cellular process that requires oxygen.
aerobic
chemical bonds
monomer
reducing agent
38. Molecules that are mirror images of each other.
Acetyl CoA
enantiomers
F2 generation
chromatin
39. A cell creates a vesicle around a droplet of extracellular fluid
peroxisomes
complete dominance
pinocytosis
genetic recombination
40. A method of metabolic control in which the end product of a metabolic pathway acts as an inhibitor of an enzyme within that pathway.
sodium potassium pump
free ribosomes
feedback inhibition
karyotype
41. Prokaryotes cell division . Each daughter cell receives a copy of the single parental chromosome
polysaccharides
carbohydrates
binary fission
Rough ER
42. Gene carrying structure found in nucleus- consists of 1 very long DNA molecules and associated proteins
tumor
pinocytosis
chromosomes
crossing over
43. A mass of abnormal cells that remains at the site of origin
geometric isomers
chromatin
cell cycle
benign tumor
44. A family tree describing the occurrence of heritable characters in parents and offspring across as many generations as possible.
pedigree
functions of the proteins
electronegativity
noncyclic electron flow
45. A functional group present in aldehydes and ketones and consisting of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom.
grana
glycogen
aerobic
carbonyl groups
46. A quantitative measure of disorder or randomness - symbolized by S.
heterozygous
action spectrum
gap junctions
entropy
47. The chlorophyll a molecule and the primary electron acceptor in a photosystem; they trigger the light reactions of photosynthesis. The chlorophyll donates an electron - excited by light energy - to the primary electron acceptor - which passes an elec
reaction center
exocytosis
sulfhydryl group
cell fractionation
48. A chromosomal condition in which a particular cell has only one copy of a chromosome - instead of the normal two; the cell is said to be monosomic for that chromosome.
energy coupling
monosomic
sodium potassium pump
asexual reproduction
49. The distance between crests of waves - such as those of the electromagnetic spectrum.
osmoregulation
Oxidative Phosphorylation
parental types
wavelength
50. Reproduction of cells
C4 plants
cell division
electrogenic pumps
chlorophyll