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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An extensive membranous network in eukaryotic cells - continuous with the outer nuclear membrane and composed of ribosome-studded (rough) and ribosome-free (smooth) regions.
buffers
chromosomes
Rough ER
endoplasmic reticulum
2. The enzyme that catalyzes the first step of the Calvin cycle (the addition of CO2 to RuBP - or ribulose bisphosphate).
acid
temperature
rubisco Ribulose carboxylase
G1 phase
3. In a heterozygote - the allele that is completely masked in the phenotype.
recessive allele
sodium potassium pump
aerobic
asexual reproduction
4. A measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid
glycogen
surface tension
polysaccharides
cristae (plural - cristae)
5. A mutation involving the addition of one or more nucleotide pairs to a gene.
insertion
ATP synthase
chiasmata
cell cycle
6. An acceptor that temporarily stores energized electrons produced during the light reactions.
phenotype
density dependent inhibitor
NADP+
Acetyl CoA
7. Any factor that has a greater impact on a population as the population increases
recessive allele
facilitated diffusion
density dependent inhibitor
contractile vacuoles
8. A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by entering the active site in place of the substrate whose structure it mimics.
competitive inhibitor
tetrad
glycosidic linkage
crossing over
9. A negatively charged ion
anion
kinetochore
rubisco Ribulose carboxylase
phenotype
10. Special transport proteins that generate the voltage gradient across a membrane an example is the Na+-K+ pump restores the electrochemical gradient not only by the active transport of Na+ and K+ setting up a concentration gradien but because it pumps
electrogenic pumps
sodium potassium pump
dehydration reaction
telomeres
11. A noncoding - intervening sequence within a eukaryotic gene.
genome
introns
genes
cytoskeleton
12. Composed of nine sets of triplet microtubule arrange in a ring
complete dominance
NADP+
malignant tumor
centrioles
13. A storage polysaccharide in plants consisting entirely of glucose.
telophase
starch
photosystem II
tonoplast
14. An aberration in chromosome structure resulting from an error in meiosis or mutagens; duplication of a portion of a chromosome resulting from fusion with a fragment from a homologous chromosome.
induced fit
duplication
free energy
mismatch repair
15. A human genetic disease of red blood cells caused by the substitution of a single amino acid in the hemoglobin protein; it is the most common inherited disease among African Americans.
kinetochore
sickle cell anemia
oxidation
gated channels
16. Nuclear division process; prophase - prometaphase - metaphase - anaphase - and telophse
visible light
mitosis
true breeding
macromolecule
17. That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes.
anaerobic
Rough ER
pinocytosis
substrate
18. Having two identical alleles for a given trait.
chromosome theory of inheritance
codominance
duchenne muscular dystropy
homozygous
19. Provide cytoplasmic channels between adjacent animal cells
solute
endoplasmic reticulum
S phase
gap junctions
20. A flattened membrane sac inside the chloroplast - used to convert light energy to chemical energy.
glycoproteins
electron
terminator
thylakoids
21. Collagen most abundant in animal cells
cytological maps
replication fork
ECM function in support - adhesion - movement - and regulation (glycoproteins)
genotype
22. A special sequence of nucleotides in DNA that marks the end of a gene. It signals RNA polymerase to release the newly made RNA molecule - which then departs from the gene
electrochemical gradient
viral envelope
glycoproteins
terminator
23. Charts of chromosomes that locate genes with respect to chromosomal features.
sister chromatids
viral envelope
hemophilia
cytological maps
24. Having aversion to water tend to coalesce and form droplets of water
freeze-fracture
leading strand
chiasmata
hydrophobic
25. Complex of DNA and proteins that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome
somatic cell
chromatin
spectrophotometer
meiosis
26. A family tree describing the occurrence of heritable characters in parents and offspring across as many generations as possible.
gametophyte
pedigree
carotenoids
solution
27. A spontaneous chemical reaction in which there is a net release of free energy
diffusion
geometric isomers
exergonic reaction
food vacuoles
28. A subatomic particle with single positive charge found in nucleus of an atom
photosystem I
fertilization
proton
2nd law of thermodynamics
29. A type of lipid characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four rings with various functional groups attached.
steroids
carboxyl group
photon
golgi apparatus
30. Cytokenisis process; pinching of the plasma membrane; the succession of rapid cell division without growth during early embryonic development that converts the zygote into a ball of cell
specific heat
homozygous
cleavage
introns
31. Unit - a region of a DNA molecule that is transcribed into an RNA molecule
transfer RNA
Integral proteins
transcription unit
chromatin
32. The range of a pigment's ability to absorb various wavelengths of light.
absorption spectrum
meiosis
solute
pedigree
33. One of several formed bodies with specialized functions - suspended in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
autotrophs
parental types
organelles
hydrolysis
34. The process of generating ATP from ADP and phosphate by means of a proton-motive force generated by the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast during the light reactions of photosynthesis.
pinocytosis
cilia
concentration gradient
photophosphorylation
35. A long carbon chain carboxylic acid. vary in length and in the number and location of double bonds; three fatty acids linked to a glycerol molecule form fat.
epistasis
fatty acid
chloroplasts
replication fork
36. A type of weak chemical bond formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one molecules is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a polar covalent in another bond
hydrogen bond
hypotonic
concentration gradient
cell fractionation
37. An organism that is heterozygous with respect to a single gene of interest. A monohybrid results from a cross between parents homozygous for different alleles. For example - parents of genotypes AA and aa produce a monohybrid genotype of Aa.
template strand
enantiomers
cotransport
monohybrids
38. A basic principle in biology stating that genes are located on chromosomes and that the behavior of chromosomes during meiosis accounts for inheritance patterns.
chromosome theory of inheritance
wild type
ATP synthase
cell cycle control system
39. The fluid of the chloroplast surrounding the thylakoid membrane; involved in the synthesis of organic molecules from carbon dioxide and water.
polygenic inheritance
glycosidic linkage
introns
stroma
40. A type of RNA - synthesized from DNA - that attaches to ribosomes in the cytoplasm and specifies the primary structure of a protein.
mRNA
glycolysis
gap junctions
electrochemical gradient
41. Double membrane perforated by pores which regulate entry and exit of certain macromolecules and particles
nuclear envelope
codominance
epistasis
S phase
42. Amphipathic molecules have both hydrophobic regions and hydrophilic regions <phospholipids>.
codominance
amphipathic molecules
wavelength
noncyclic electron flow
43. A fatty acid in which all carbons in the hydrocarbon tail are connected by single bonds - thus maximizing the number of hydrogen atoms that can attach to the carbon skeleton.
Integral proteins
saturated fatty acid
voltage
growth factor
44. An aggregation of several ribosomes attached to one messenger RNA molecule.
fermentation
phospholipid
polyribosomes
sodium potassium pump
45. A quantitative measure of disorder or randomness - symbolized by S.
ATP
active site
entropy
gametes
46. Golgi appartus--> usually located near the ER a vesicle that buds from the ER will add its membrane and the contents of its lumen -cavity - to this face
collagen
neutron
cis face
food vacuoles
47. A functional group present in aldehydes and ketones and consisting of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom.
synapsis
alcohol fermentation
carbonyl groups
anaphase
48. A type of photosynthetic cell arranged into tightly packed sheaths around the veins of a leaf.
bundle sheath cell
polysaccharides
gametes
cell cycle control system
49. A genetic map based on the frequencies of recombination between markers during crossing over of homologous chromosomes. The greater the frequency of recombination between two genetic markers - the farther apart they are assumed to be. See also geneti
linkage map
prophase
amino group
visible light
50. A covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides by a dehydration reaction.
promoter
microtubules
facilitated diffusion
glycosidic linkage