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AP Biology

Subjects : science, ap, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A subatomic particle with single positive charge found in nucleus of an atom






2. Protein appendages loosely bound to the surface of the membrane and not embedded in the lipid bilayer.






3. Mendel's second law - stating that each allele pair segregates independently during gamete formation; applies when genes for two characteristics are located on different pairs of homologous chromosomes.






4. Use info - from the DNA to make proteins and carry out protein synthesis






5. The conversion of a normal animal cell to a cancerous cell.






6. A spontaneous chemical reaction in which there is a net release of free energy






7. Containing oxygen; referring to an organism - environment - or cellular process that requires oxygen.






8. A cell creates a vesicle around a droplet of extracellular fluid






9. The protective structure at each end of a eukaryotic chromosome. Specifically - the tandemly repetitive DNA at the end of the chromosome's DNA molecule. See also repetitive DNA.






10. Provide cytoplasmic channels between adjacent animal cells






11. Differences between members of the same species.






12. Generate and degrade H2O2 in performing various metabolic functions transfer hydrogen from various substrates to oxygen and they produce H2O2. Use O to break fatty acids that can be sent to mitochondria






13. The pairing of replicated homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis.






14. Cancerous tumor that is invasive enough to impair function of one or more organs






15. A structural polysaccharide of cell walls - consisting of glucose monomers joined by b-1 - 4-glycosidic linkages.






16. An organic molecule serving as a cofactor. Most vitamins function in important metabolic reactions.






17. Charts of chromosomes that locate genes with respect to chromosomal features.






18. Compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in the spatial arrangements of their atoms.






19. In comparing two solutions - referring to the one with a greater solute concentration.






20. An extensively branched glucose storage polysaccharide found in the liver and muscle of animals; the animal equivalent of starch.






21. Many ion channels function as gated channels these channels open or close depending on the presence or absence of a chemical or physical stimulus






22. A coenzyme present in all cells that helps enzymes transfer electrons during the redox reactions of metabolism






23. The second growth face of the cell cycle consisting of the portion of interphase after DNA synthesis occurs






24. An organism that makes ATP by aerobic respiration if oxygen is present but that switches to fermentation under anaerobic conditions.






25. A type of strong chemical bond in which two atoms share one pair of valence electrons






26. A special transport protein in the plasma membrane of animal cells that transports sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell against their concentration gradients.






27. The first filial - or hybrid - offspring in a genetic cross-fertilization.






28. The diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane because it require no energy from the cell to make it happen - the concentration gradient represents potential energy and drives fusion






29. A long carbon chain carboxylic acid. vary in length and in the number and location of double bonds; three fatty acids linked to a glycerol molecule form fat.






30. A quantitative measure of disorder or randomness - symbolized by S.






31. A heritable feature in a population that varies continuously as a result of environmental influences and the additive effect of two or more genes (polygenic inheritance).






32. A metabolic sequence that breaks fatty acids down to two-carbon fragments which enter the Krebs cycle as acetyl CoA.






33. A membrane-enclosed bag of hydrolytic enzymes found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.






34. The tendency of molecules of any substance to spread out in the available space it is driven by intrinsic kinetic energy (thermal motion or heat) of molecules






35. Golgi appartus--> usually located near the ER a vesicle that buds from the ER will add its membrane and the contents of its lumen -cavity - to this face






36. A specialized base triplet at one end of a tRNA molecule that recognizes a particular complementary codon on an mRNA molecule.






37. A subatomic particle with a single negative charge; one or more electrons move around the nucleus






38. Electrical potential energy due to the separation of opposite charges






39. The spontaneous tendency of a substance to move down its concentration gradient from a more concentrated to a less concentrated area.






40. An increase or decrease in the density of a chemical substance in an area -->substances tend to move form where there are more concentrated to where they are less concentrated






41. One of two light-harvesting units of a chloroplast's thylakoid membrane; it uses the P680 reaction-center chlorophyll.






42. A plant that prefaces the Calvin cycle with reactions that incorporate CO2 into four-carbon compounds - the end product of which supplies CO2 for the Calvin cycle.






43. An organelle found only in plants and photosynthetic protists that absorbs sunlight and uses it to drive the synthesis of organic compounds from carbon dioxide and water.






44. Unit - a region of a DNA molecule that is transcribed into an RNA molecule






45. Span the membrane 1. channel proteins which have a hydrophilic channel that certain molecules or ions can use as a tunnel through the membrane (aquaporins facilitate the passage of water through the membrane) 2. carrier proteins bind to molecules and






46. One of two light-harvesting units of a chloroplast's thylakoid membrane; it uses the P700 reaction-center chlorophyll.






47. A long cellular appendage specialized for locomotion - formed from a core of nine outer doublet microtubules and two inner single microtubules - ensheathed in an extension of plasma membrane.






48. A short cellular appendage specialized for locomotion - formed from a core of nine outer doublet microtubules and two inner single microtubules ensheathed in an extension of plasma membrane.






49. An acceptor that temporarily stores energized electrons produced during the light reactions.






50. Sequence of events in the life of a cell - from its origin in the division of a parent cell until its own division into two composed of M - G1 - S - and G2 phases