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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A cell organelle constructed in the nucleolus and functioning as the site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm; consists of rRNA and protein molecules - which make up two subunits.
gametes
pleiotropy
chemical bonds
ribosomes
2. A human genetic disease of red blood cells caused by the substitution of a single amino acid in the hemoglobin protein; it is the most common inherited disease among African Americans.
centromere
noncyclic electron flow
true breeding
sickle cell anemia
3. Organizing the structures and activities of cells
prokaryotic cell
cellulose
parental types
cytoskeleton
4. A double-stranded - helical nucleic acid molecule capable of replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell's proteins.
photorespiration
gametophyte
DNA
cis face
5. A chemical cycle involving eight steps that completes the metabolic breakdown of glucose molecules to carbon dioxide; occurs within the mitochondrion; the second major stage in cellular respiration.
krebs Cycle
hypertonic
sodium potassium pump
hydrophilic
6. Maintenance of cell shape (compression resisting girders) cell motility organelle and chromosome movement
sister chromatids
microtubules
endocytosis
capsid
7. The formation of ATP by directly transferring a phosphate group to ADP from an intermediate substrate in catabolism.
primer
Substrate-Level Phosphorylation
flagella
chromosome theory of inheritance
8. A long cellular appendage specialized for locomotion - formed from a core of nine outer doublet microtubules and two inner single microtubules - ensheathed in an extension of plasma membrane.
incomplete dominance
valence electrons
flagella
transcription unit
9. Region where cells microtubules are initiated
buffers
dominant allele
centrosomes
disaccharides
10. A coenzyme present in all cells that helps enzymes transfer electrons during the redox reactions of metabolism
NaD+
denaturation
bound ribosomes
prokaryotic cell
11. A functional group that consists of a nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms; can act as a base in solution - accepting a hydrogen ion and acquiring a charge of +1.
NADP+
metaphase
freeze-fracture
amino group
12. The form of native DNA - referring to its two adjacent polynucleotide strands wound into a spiral shape.
isotopes
lysosomes
sodium potassium pump
double helix
13. A three-dimensional biological polymer constructed from a set of 20 different monomers called amino acids.
heterotrophs
protein
exons
pinocytosis
14. Differences between members of the same species.
dehydration reaction
C3 plants
variation
lysosomes
15. A metabolic pathway that consumes oxygen - releases carbon dioxide - generates no ATP - and decreases photosynthetic output; generally occurs on hot - dry - bright days - when stomata close and the oxygen concentration in the leaf exceeds that of car
DNA ligase
genetic recombination
photorespiration
density dependent inhibitor
16. The electron donor in a redox reaction.
electromagnetic spectrum
bacteriophage
reducing agent
chromosome theory of inheritance
17. One of two light-harvesting units of a chloroplast's thylakoid membrane; it uses the P680 reaction-center chlorophyll.
barr body
amino group
photosystem II
polymer
18. A type of reproduction in which two parents give rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes inherited from the gametes of the two parents.
neutron
solute
sexual reproduction
proton motive force
19. A stacked portion of the thylakoid membrane in the chloroplast. Grana function in the light reactions of photosynthesis
grana
food vacuoles
prometaphase
chromatin
20. A mass of abnormal cells that remains at the site of origin
introns
P. generation
benign tumor
transport vesicles
21. A type of strong chemical bond in which two atoms share one pair of valence electrons
peroxisomes
lactid acid fermentation
ribosomes
covalent bonds
22. Lacking oxygen; referring to an organism - environment - or cellular process that lacks oxygen and may be poisoned by it.
sodium potassium pump
proton
domains
anaerobic
23. Actin (tension bearing elements ) muscle contraction
true breeding
electronegativity
aquaporins(water channel)
microfilaments
24. Walled cells become _____ as a result of the entry of water from a hypotonic environment.
turgid (firm)
centrosome
transcription
point mutation
25. Specialized structure in special type of RNA - ribosomal RNA - is synthesized + assembled w/ proteins imported from cytoplasm into main components of ribsomal subunits which pass nuclear portes to cytoplasm where they combine to form ribosomes
aquaporins(water channel)
Integral proteins
nucleolus
light reactions
26. The parent individuals from which offspring are derived in studies of inheritance; P stands for parental.
aerobic
absorption spectrum
benign tumor
P. generation
27. Having aversion to water tend to coalesce and form droplets of water
law of segregration
hydrophobic
primary transcript
electron transport chain
28. A long carbon chain carboxylic acid. vary in length and in the number and location of double bonds; three fatty acids linked to a glycerol molecule form fat.
fatty acid
chlorophyll
genotype
amphipathic molecules
29. In comparing two solutions - referring to the one with a greater solute concentration.
disaccharides
hypertonic
structural isomers
polymer
30. A steroid that forms an essential component of animal cell membranes and acts as a precursor molecule for the synthesis of other biologically important steroids.
cholesterol
peroxisome
saturated fatty acid
Substrate-Level Phosphorylation
31. The scientific study of heredity and hereditary variation.
tight junctions
asexual reproduction
peroxisome
genetics
32. A regularity protein whose concentration fluctuates cyclically
chromosome theory of inheritance
cyclin
endergonic reaction
complete dominance
33. The cellular process that uses special enzymes to fix incorrectly paired nucleotides.
mismatch repair
temperature
dominant allele
cytoskeleton
34. Nuclear division process; prophase - prometaphase - metaphase - anaphase - and telophse
ribosomes
mitosis
true breeding
lysosomes
35. In comparing two solutions - the one with a lower solute concentration.
smooth ER
hypotonic
saturated fatty acid
primer
36. A loosely arranged photosynthetic cell located between the bundle sheath and the leaf surface.
mesophyll cell
hydrophobic
interphase
peptide bond
37. The diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane
plasma membrane
pedigree
sporophyte
passive transport
38. The membrane at the boundary of every cell that acts as a selective barrier - thereby regulating the cell's chemical composition.
plasma membrane
carotenoids
ATP
pedigree
39. An infolding of the inner membrane of a mitochondrion that houses the electron transport chain and the enzyme catalyzing the synthesis of ATP.
buffers
monomer
carboxyl group
cristae (plural - cristae)
40. A microbody containing enzymes that transfer hydrogen from various substrates to oxygen - producing and then degrading hydrogen peroxide.
peroxisome
gated channels
noncompetitive inhibitor
translation
41. A membranous sac formed by phagocytosis.
smooth ER
RNA processing
food vacuoles
mismatch repair
42. A functional group present in organic acids and consisting of a single carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom and also bonded to a hydroxyl group.
sulfhydryl group
electrogenic pump
mutagens
carboxyl group
43. A type of weak chemical bond formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one molecules is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a polar covalent in another bond
hydrogen bond
integral proteins
cellulose
chlorophyll
44. A genetic disorder that occurs in people with two copies of a certain recessive allele; characterized by an excessive secretion of mucus and consequent vulnerability to infection; fatal if untreated.
covalent bonds
chiasmata
hybridization
cystic fibrosis
45. A dense region of DNA in a prokaryotic cell.
nucleoid
domains
benign tumor
mutagens
46. That portion of the electromagnetic spectrum detected as various colors by the human eye - ranging in wavelength from about 380 nm to about 750 nm.
ribosomes
visible light
activation energy
glycogen
47. A tiny membranous sac in a cell's cytoplasm carrying molecules produced by the cell.
structural isomers
transport vesicles
aldehyde
sex linked genes
48. A specialized region on the centromere that links each sister chromatid to the mitotic spindle
somatic cell
pH
kinetochore
calvin cycle
49. A specific configuration of atoms commonly attached to the carbon skeletons of organic molecules and usually involved in chemical reactions.
telophase
RNA processing
organic chemistry
functional groups
50. A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together.
gap junctions
chromatin
amniocentesis
polymer