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AP Biology

Subjects : science, ap, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A type of inheritance in which F1 hybrids have an appearance that is intermediate between the phenotypes of the parental varieties






2. A linking enzyme essential for DNA replication; catalyzes the covalent bonding of the 39 end of a new DNA fragment to the 59 end of a growing chain.






3. The division of the cytoplasm to form two seperate daughter cells after mitosis






4. A measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid






5. A membrane-enclosed bag of hydrolytic enzymes found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.






6. Genes that are located on the same chromosome.






7. Drive the diffusion of ions across a membrane 1. chemical force based on an ions concentration gradient. 2. the other is an electrical force based on the effect of the membrane potential on the ion's movement ion diffuses down its electrochemical gra






8. An instrument that measures the proportions of light of different wavelengths absorbed and transmitted by a pigment solution.






9. Dissolving agent of a solution






10. The study of carbon compounds (organic compounds).






11. The spontaneous passage of molecules and ions - bound to specific carrier proteins - across a biological membrane down their concentration gradients






12. An organism that obtains organic food molecules by eating other organisms or their by-products.






13. Mendel's second law - stating that each allele pair segregates independently during gamete formation; applies when genes for two characteristics are located on different pairs of homologous chromosomes.






14. Fourth subphase of mitosis in which the chromatids of each chromosome have separated and the daughter chromosomes are moving to the poles of the cell






15. A functional group important in energy transfer.






16. Splits a membrane along the middle of the phospholipid bilayer. When a freeze-fracture preparation is viewed with an electron microscope - protein particles are interspersed in a smooth matrix - supporting the fluid mosaic model.






17. Differences between members of the same species.






18. A type of endocytosis in which the cell ingests extracellular fluid and its dissolved solutes.






19. The arrangement of phospholipids and proteins in biological membranes is described by the






20. A method of metabolic control in which the end product of a metabolic pathway acts as an inhibitor of an enzyme within that pathway.






21. The removal of noncoding portions (introns) of the RNA molecule after initial synthesis.






22. A network of microtubules - microfilaments - and intermediate filaments that branch throughout the cytoplasm and serve a variety of mechanical and transport functions.






23. An organism that is heterozygous with respect to a single gene of interest. A monohybrid results from a cross between parents homozygous for different alleles. For example - parents of genotypes AA and aa produce a monohybrid genotype of Aa.






24. A chemical process that lyses - or splits - molecules by the addition of water; an essential process in digestion.






25. A heritable feature.






26. The conversion of a normal animal cell to a cancerous cell.






27. An assemblage of microtubules and associated proteins that is involved in the movements of chromosomes during mitosis






28. The cell engulfs a particle by extending psedopodia around it and packaging it in a large vacuole






29. A type of inheritance in which the phenotypes of the heterozygote and dominant homozygote are indistinguishable.






30. One of a family of closely related plant organelles - including chloroplasts - chromoplasts - and amyloplasts (leucoplasts).






31. Are not embedded in the lipid bilayer at all. Instead - the are loosely bound to the surface of the protein - often connected to integral proteins






32. Centralized region that joins the two sister chromatids






33. Double membrane perforated by pores which regulate entry and exit of certain macromolecules and particles






34. In comparing two solutions - referring to the one with a greater solute concentration.






35. Suspended in cytosol which will function in cytosol (ex:enzymes)






36. A machine that spins test tubes at the fastest speeds to separate liquids and particles of different densities.






37. Cytokenisis process; pinching of the plasma membrane; the succession of rapid cell division without growth during early embryonic development that converts the zygote into a ball of cell






38. The mating - or crossing - of two varieties.






39. Cancerous tumor that is invasive enough to impair function of one or more organs






40. The production of ATP by noncyclic electron flow.






41. A functional group present in aldehydes and ketones and consisting of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom.






42. A three-nucleotide sequence of DNA or mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid or termination signal; the basic unit of the genetic code.






43. A life cycle in which there is both a multicellular diploid form - the sporophyte - and a multicellular haploid form - the gametophyte; characteristic of plants.






44. The covalent bond between two amino acid units - formed by a dehydration reaction






45. A double-stranded - helical nucleic acid molecule capable of replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell's proteins.






46. A membranous sac formed by phagocytosis.






47. Material present in the cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells - important during cell division; the microtubule-organizing center.






48. The multicellular diploid form in organisms undergoing alternation of generations that results from a union of gametes and that meiotically produces haploid spores that grow into the gametophyte generation.






49. (1) A lineage of genetically identical individuals or cells. (2) In popular usage - a single individual organism that is genetically identical to another individual. (3) As a verb - to make one or more genetic replicas of an individual or cell. See a






50. An ion with a positive charge produced by the loss of one or more electrons