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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Many ion channels function as gated channels these channels open or close depending on the presence or absence of a chemical or physical stimulus
active site
free energy
gated channels
fluid mosaic model
2. Collagen most abundant in animal cells
ECM function in support - adhesion - movement - and regulation (glycoproteins)
cell cycle
monohybrids
aqueous solution
3. A green pigment located within the chloroplasts of plants. Chlorophyll a can participate directly in the light reactions - which convert solar energy to chemical energy.
chlorophyll
reduction
domains
carbonyl groups
4. A type of yellow-green accessory photosynthetic pigment that transfers energy to chlorophyll a.
stroma
transformation
cleavage
chlorophyll B
5. Compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in the covalent arrangements of their atoms.
structural isomers
nuclear envelope
centrioles
carbonyl groups
6. An individual with the normal phenotype.
cellulose
wild type
sodium potassium pump
plasma membrane
7. Any nonprotein molecule or ion that is required for the proper functioning of an enzyme can be permanently bound to the active site or may bind loosely with the substrate during catalysis.
concentration gradient
free energy
F1 generation
cofactor
8. Phase of cell cycle that includes mitosis and cytokenisis
centromere
golgi apparatus
carbonyl groups
mitotoic phase
9. Sites of photosynthesis. convert solar energy--> chemical energy by absorbing sunlight and using it to drive the synthesis of organic compounds from CO2 and H20
calvin cycle
1st law of thermodynamics
chloroplast
pinocytosis
10. A special transport protein in the plasma membrane of animal cells that transports sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell against their concentration gradients.
sodium potassium pump
fermentation
mutagens
noncyclic phosphorylation
11. Digestive compartments (macromolecules) carry out intracellular digestion . Use their hydrolytic enzymes to recycle the cell's own organic material (autophagy)
prokaryotic cell
electron
sex chromosomes
lysosomes
12. A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by entering the active site in place of the substrate whose structure it mimics.
sporophyte
cell plate
element
competitive inhibitor
13. An attraction between two atoms resulting from a sharing of outer shell electrons or the presence of opposite charges on the atom; the bonded atoms gain compounds outer electron shells
nondisjunction
plasma membrane
chemical bonds
polysaccharides
14. A virus that infects bacteria; also called a phage. See phage.
organic chemistry
bacteriophage
linked genes
food vacuoles
15. Unit - a region of a DNA molecule that is transcribed into an RNA molecule
tumor
transcription unit
S phase
glycoproteins
16. Period when cell cycle when cell is not dividing- cell metabolic activity is high - chromsomes and organelles are duplicated and cell size may increase. 90% of cell cycle
mutagens
mesophyll cell
interphase
golgi apparatus
17. The production of ATP using energy derived from the redox reactions of an electron transport chain.
krebs Cycle
stroma
mismatch repair
Oxidative Phosphorylation
18. A human genetic disease of red blood cells caused by the substitution of a single amino acid in the hemoglobin protein; it is the most common inherited disease among African Americans.
sickle cell anemia
G1 phase
leading strand
trans face
19. A three-dimensional biological polymer constructed from a set of 20 different monomers called amino acids.
stroma
reduction
protein
pyrimidines
20. A polymer of up to over a thousand monosaccharides - formed by dehydration reactions.
adhesion
proton pump
DNA
polysaccharides
21. A type of lipid characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four rings with various functional groups attached.
life cycle
chiasmata
cis face
steroids
22. Maintenance of cell shape (compression resisting girders) cell motility organelle and chromosome movement
microtubules
thylakoids
incomplete dominance
gametophyte
23. In comparing two solutions - referring to the one with a greater solute concentration.
membrane potential
telomeres
hypertonic
amino group
24. The new continuous complementary DNA strand synthesized along the template strand in the mandatory 5' 3' direction.
amniocentesis
chlorophyll B
life cycle
leading strand
25. A linking enzyme essential for DNA replication; catalyzes the covalent bonding of the 39 end of a new DNA fragment to the 59 end of a growing chain.
neutron
genetic recombination
DNA ligase
insertion
26. A tiny membranous sac in a cell's cytoplasm carrying molecules produced by the cell.
phosphate group
protein
active transport
transport vesicles
27. A membranous sac that helps move excess water out of the cell.
stroma
contractile vacuoles
trisomic
proton pump
28. A covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides by a dehydration reaction.
DNA
spliceosome
sodium potassium pump
glycosidic linkage
29. A double membrane across the midline of a dividing plant cell between which the new cell wall forms during cytokenisis
prokaryotic cell
NaD+
cell plate
noncyclic electron flow
30. Complex of DNA and proteins that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome
peroxisomes
chromatin
1st law of thermodynamics
hybridization
31. The reciprocal exchange of genetic material between nonsister chromatids during synapsis of meiosis I.
2nd law of thermodynamics
fat
rubisco Ribulose carboxylase
crossing over
32. The amount of heat that must be absorbed lost for one gram of a substance to change its temperature by one degree
benign tumor
specific heat
golgi apparatus
receptor mediated endocytosis
33. A functional group present in organic acids and consisting of a single carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom and also bonded to a hydroxyl group.
isotopes
nucleic acid
carboxyl group
telomeres
34. Reproduction of cells
tight junctions
prophase
RNA polymerase
cell division
35. A storage polysaccharide in plants consisting entirely of glucose.
carbohydrates
starch
glycosidic linkage
hypertonic
36. An increase or decrease in the density of a chemical substance in an area. Cells often maintain concentration gradients of ions across their membranes. When a gradient exists - the ions or other chemical substances involved tend to move from where th
Acetyl CoA
mismatch repair
concentration gradient
phospholipids
37. A type of blue-green photosynthetic pigment that participates directly in the light reactions.
chlorophyll A
chemical bonds
haploid cells
genes
38. An instrument that measures the proportions of light of different wavelengths absorbed and transmitted by a pigment solution.
photon
spectrophotometer
beta (B) pleated sheet
gametes
39. First growth phase of the cell cycle - consisting of the portion of interphase - after DNA synthesis occurs
proton
G1 phase
cytoskeleton
peroxisomes
40. A cell organelle constructed in the nucleolus and functioning as the site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm; consists of rRNA and protein molecules - which make up two subunits
lysosomes
ribosomes
endocytosis
proton
41. Walled cells are _____ in isotonic surroundings - where there is no tendency for water to enter.
transcription unit
flaccid (limp)
photosystem II
monomer
42. The semifluid portion of the cytoplasm.
centrosomes
amino group
cytosol
pH
43. Attached to outside of ER or nuclear envelope- proteins that are destined for insertion into membranes or packaging certain organelles (ex: lysosome)
bound ribosomes
calvin cycle
selective permeability (the ability to allow some sub. to cross the plasma membrane more easily)
growth factor
44. A mutation occurring when the number of nucleotides inserted or deleted is not a multiple of three - resulting in the improper grouping of the following nucleotides into codons.
stroma
actin
ultra centrifuges
frameshift mutation
45. 3rd subphase in mitosis; spindle is complete and the chromosomes attached to microtubules at their kinetochores are aligned at he metaphase plate
metaphase
cohesion
autotrophs
active transport
46. A chromosomal alteration in which the organism possesses more than two complete chromosome sets.
desmosome
polyploidy
bound ribosomes
base pair substitution
47. A cell containing two sets of chromosomes (2n) - one set inherited from each parent.
clone
centromere
duchenne muscular dystropy
diploid cells
48. Organizing the structures and activities of cells
somatic cells
cytoskeleton
integral proteins
ECM function in support - adhesion - movement - and regulation (glycoproteins)
49. Amphipathic molecules have both hydrophobic regions and hydrophilic regions <phospholipids>.
hybridization
ATP
amphipathic molecules
grana
50. The conversion of pyruvate to carbon dioxide and ethyl alcohol.
chromatin
alcohol fermentation
life cycle
energy coupling