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AP Biology

Subjects : science, ap, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Phase of cell cycle that includes mitosis and cytokenisis






2. Unit - a region of a DNA molecule that is transcribed into an RNA molecule






3. The first filial - or hybrid - offspring in a genetic cross-fertilization.






4. Dissolving agent of a solution






5. A mass of abnormal cells that remains at the site of origin






6. A plant that prefaces the Calvin cycle with reactions that incorporate CO2 into four-carbon compounds - the end product of which supplies CO2 for the Calvin cycle.






7. That portion of the electromagnetic spectrum detected as various colors by the human eye - ranging in wavelength from about 380 nm to about 750 nm.






8. An RNA molecule that functions as an interpreter between nucleic acid and protein language by picking up specific amino acids and recognizing the appropriate codons in the mRNA.






9. Any cell in multicellular organism except an egg or sperm






10. Anchorage of nucleus and certain other organelles - formation of nuclear lamina






11. An organism that obtains organic food molecules without eating other organisms or substances derived from other organisms. Autotrophs use energy from the sun or from the oxidation of inorganic substances to make organic molecules from inorganic ones.






12. Cytokenisis process; pinching of the plasma membrane; the succession of rapid cell division without growth during early embryonic development that converts the zygote into a ball of cell






13. The tendency of molecules of any substance to spread out in the available space it is driven by intrinsic kinetic energy (thermal motion or heat) of molecules






14. The cellular secretion of macromolecules by the fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane.






15. An enzyme that links together the growing chain of ribonucleotides during transcription.






16. A nonspontaneous chemical reaction in which free energy is absorbed from the surroundings






17. An acceptor that temporarily stores energized electrons produced during the light reactions.






18. A dense region of DNA in a prokaryotic cell.






19. A substance that is dissolved in a solution






20. Any cell in a multicellular organism except a sperm or egg cell.






21. Complex of DNA and proteins that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome






22. That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes.






23. Having aversion to water tend to coalesce and form droplets of water






24. Golgi apparatus--> gives rise to vesicles which pinch off and travel to other sites






25. A fatty acid in which all carbons in the hydrocarbon tail are connected by single bonds - thus maximizing the number of hydrogen atoms that can attach to the carbon skeleton.






26. Complete complement of organisms genes; genetic material






27. Nuclear division process; prophase - prometaphase - metaphase - anaphase - and telophse






28. A steroid that forms an essential component of animal cell membranes and acts as a precursor molecule for the synthesis of other biologically important steroids.






29. A complex assembly that interacts with the ends of an RNA intron in splicing RNA - releasing the intron - and joining the two adjacent exons.






30. Actively maintains the gradient of sodium ions (Na+) and potassium ions (K+) across the plasma membrane of animal cells . K+ concentration is low outside animal cell and high inside the cell. Na+ concentration is high outside an animal cell and low i






31. An already existing RNA chain bound to template DNA to which DNA nucleotides are added during DNA synthesis.






32. A sequence of electron carrier molecules (membrane proteins) that shuttle electrons during the redox reactions that release energy used to make ATP.






33. The amount of energy that reactants must absorb before a chemical reaction will start.






34. Typically transmembrane proteins with hydrophobic regions that completely span the hydrophobic interior of the membrane.






35. A human genetic disease caused by a sex-linked recessive allele; characterized by progressive weakening and a loss of muscle tissue.






36. The process of generating ATP from ADP and phosphate by means of a proton-motive force generated by the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast during the light reactions of photosynthesis.






37. The principle whereby every energy transfer or transformation increases the entropy of the universe. Ordered forms of energy are at least partly converted to heat - and in spontaneous reactions - the free energy of the system also decreases.






38. The transmission of traits from one generation to the next.






39. Double membrane perforated by pores which regulate entry and exit of certain macromolecules and particles






40. A membranous sac formed by phagocytosis.






41. The fifth and final subphase of mitosis in which daughter nuclei are forming and cytokenisis actually begins






42. Any substance that cannot be broken down to any other substance






43. An organic molecule with a carbonyl group located at the end of the carbon skeleton.






44. An additive effect of two or more gene loci on a single phenotypic character.






45. Constructed from glycerol and fatty acids






46. The change in shape of the active site of an enzyme so that it binds more snugly to the substrate - induced by entry of the substrate.






47. A regularity protein whose concentration fluctuates cyclically






48. Charts of chromosomes that locate genes with respect to chromosomal features.






49. A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation-reduction reaction






50. A cell containing only one set of chromosomes (n).