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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A human genetic disease caused by a sex-linked recessive allele - characterized by excessive bleeding following injury.
tetrad
chromosomes
hemophilia
terminator
2. Genes that are located on the same chromosome.
surface tension
monosaccharides
linked genes
receptor mediated endocytosis
3. A three-dimensional biological polymer constructed from a set of 20 different monomers called amino acids.
protein
RNA
1st law of thermodynamics
hydrophilic
4. A subatomic particle with a single negative charge; one or more electrons move around the nucleus
dehydration reaction
ATP synthase
electron
transport vesicles
5. The generation-to-generation sequence of stages in the reproductive history of an organism.
life cycle
photorespiration
osmosis
photophosphorylation
6. A haploid cell such as an egg or sperm. Gametes unite during sexual reproduction to produce a diploid zygote.
steroids
gametes
trait
Integral proteins
7. The cell engulfs a particle by extending psedopodia around it and packaging it in a large vacuole
asexual reproduction
phagocytosis
functions of the proteins
codons
8. The study of carbon compounds (organic compounds).
proton pump
organic chemistry
prokaryotic cell
pinocytosis
9. Reproduction of cells
cell division
plasmolysis
polyribosomes
haploid cells
10. The diffusion gradient of an ion - representing a type of potential energy that accounts for both the concentration difference of the ion across a membrane and its tendency to move relative to the membrane potential.
electrochemical gradient
interphase
Cell-cell recognition
Oxidative Phosphorylation
11. A flattened membrane sac inside the chloroplast - used to convert light energy to chemical energy.
kinetochore
somatic cell
ribosomes
thylakoids
12. Chromosome pairs of the same length - centromere position - and staining pattern that possess genes for the same characters at corresponding loci. One homologous chromosome is inherited from the organism's father - the other from the mother.
homologous chromosomes
genome
ATP synthase
somatic cells
13. A type of inheritance in which the phenotypes of the heterozygote and dominant homozygote are indistinguishable.
complete dominance
mesophyll cell
ribosomal RNA
heterotrophs
14. An electrically neutral particle found in the nucleus of an atom
cell cycle control system
base
neutron
cis face
15. A special sequence of nucleotides in DNA that marks the end of a gene. It signals RNA polymerase to release the newly made RNA molecule - which then departs from the gene
meiosis
capsid
spliceosome
terminator
16. A taxonomic category above the kingdom level. The three domains are Archaea - Bacteria - and Eukarya.
hydrogen bond
cystic fibrosis
photosystem II
domains
17. A point mutation; the replacement of one nucleotide and its partner in the complementary DNA strand by another pair of nucleotides.
exocytosis
base pair substitution
noncyclic electron flow
atom
18. A loosely arranged photosynthetic cell located between the bundle sheath and the leaf surface.
glycosidic linkage
meiosis
monomer
mesophyll cell
19. Total amount of kinetic energy due to molecular motion in a body of matter. It is energy in most random form
heterotrophs
cytological maps
heat
action spectrum
20. An increase or decrease in the density of a chemical substance in an area -->substances tend to move form where there are more concentrated to where they are less concentrated
concentration gradient
spectrophotometer
codominance
noncompetitive inhibitor
21. A non dividing face of the cell cycle consisting of the portion of interphase before DNA synthesis begins
temperature
G0 phase
epistasis
fluid mosaic model
22. A chromosomal condition in which a particular cell has only one copy of a chromosome - instead of the normal two; the cell is said to be monosomic for that chromosome.
electron
asexual reproduction
buffers
monosomic
23. A three-nucleotide sequence of DNA or mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid or termination signal; the basic unit of the genetic code.
microtubules
1st law of thermodynamics
tonoplast
codons
24. A type of photosynthetic cell arranged into tightly packed sheaths around the veins of a leaf.
bundle sheath cell
origins replication
incomplete dominance
free ribosomes
25. The parent individuals from which offspring are derived in studies of inheritance; P stands for parental.
P. generation
pH
cytosol
acid
26. A plant that uses crassulacean acid metabolism - an adaptation for photosynthesis in arid conditions - first discovered in the family Crassulaceae. Carbon dioxide entering open stomata during the night is converted into organic acids - which release
CAM
kinetochore
monosaccharides
entropy
27. Sites of cellular respiration the catbolic process that generates ATP by extracting energy from sugars - fats + other fuels w/ oxygens help
genotype
gametophyte
duchenne muscular dystropy
mitochondria
28. A noncoding - intervening sequence within a eukaryotic gene.
bound ribosomes
introns
thylakoids
organic chemistry
29. The range of a pigment's ability to absorb various wavelengths of light.
absorption spectrum
plasma membrane
cell division
genetic recombination
30. A tiny membranous sac in a cell's cytoplasm carrying molecules produced by the cell.
hydrogen bond
phagocytosis
transport vesicles
cyclic photophosphorylation
31. A specific configuration of atoms commonly attached to the carbon skeletons of organic molecules and usually involved in chemical reactions.
functional groups
fermentation
origins replication
mesophyll cell
32. A double-stranded - helical nucleic acid molecule capable of replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell's proteins.
DNA
nucleic acid
template strand
hydroxyl groups
33. The electron acceptor in a redox reaction.
sickle cell anemia
oxidizing agent
phagocytosis
carotenoids
34. A plant that prefaces the Calvin cycle with reactions that incorporate CO2 into four-carbon compounds - the end product of which supplies CO2 for the Calvin cycle.
reducing agent
C4 plants
peroxisome
wavelength
35. A technique for determining genetic abnormalities in a fetus by the presence of certain chemicals or defective fetal cells in the amniotic fluid - obtained by aspiration from a needle inserted into the uterus.
aldehyde
amino acid
amniocentesis
pinocytosis
36. Sex cells (haploid cells; egg or sperm) unite to form a diploid zygote
chemical bonds
gametes
cell fractionation
monomer
37. The first subphase of mitosis in which the chromatin is condensing and the mitotic spindle begins to form but the nucleolus and nucleus are still in intact
nucleolus
diffusion
adhesion
prophase
38. The semifluid portion of the cytoplasm.
RNA polymerase
CAM
cytosol
covalent bonds
39. A type of covalent bond between atoms that differ in electronegativity. the shared electrons are pulled closer to the more electronegative atom. making one slightly negative and the other slightly positive
RNA splicing
valence electrons
polar covalent bonds
enantiomers
40. An enzyme that links together the growing chain of ribonucleotides during transcription.
active transport
RNA polymerase
Substrate-Level Phosphorylation
chromatin
41. A quantum - or discrete amount - of light energy.
photon
carboxyl group
helicase
linkage map
42. (1) A deficiency in a chromosome resulting from the loss of a fragment through breakage. (2) A mutational loss of one or more nucleotide pairs from a gene.
true breeding
deletion
smooth ER
chromatin
43. The cellular secretion of macromolecules by the fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane.
homologous chromosomes
exocytosis
base
polysaccharides
44. A family tree describing the occurrence of heritable characters in parents and offspring across as many generations as possible.
pedigree
hydrocarbons
cristae (plural - cristae)
trans face
45. An RNA molecule that functions as an interpreter between nucleic acid and protein language by picking up specific amino acids and recognizing the appropriate codons in the mRNA.
matter
transfer RNA
tight junctions
gametes
46. Splits a membrane along the middle of the phospholipid bilayer. When a freeze-fracture preparation is viewed with an electron microscope - protein particles are interspersed in a smooth matrix - supporting the fluid mosaic model.
primary transcript
photophosphorylation
freeze-fracture
tight junctions
47. A profile of the relative performance of different wavelengths of light.
transcription unit
action spectrum
cytoskeleton
stroma
48. Substance consisting of two or more elements in a fixed ratio
leading strand
compound
nuclear lamina
acid
49. A heritable feature.
hypertonic
law of independent assortment
malignant tumor
character
50. In cellular metabolism - the use of energy released from an exergonic reaction to drive an endergonic reaction.
sodium potassium pump
NADP+
energy coupling
cytoskeleton