Test your basic knowledge |

AP Biology

Subjects : science, ap, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An infolding of the inner membrane of a mitochondrion that houses the electron transport chain and the enzyme catalyzing the synthesis of ATP.






2. The cell engulfs a particle by extending psedopodia around it and packaging it in a large vacuole






3. The semifluid portion of the cytoplasm.






4. Anything takes up space and has mass






5. The first subphase of mitosis in which the chromatin is condensing and the mitotic spindle begins to form but the nucleolus and nucleus are still in intact






6. Composed of nine sets of triplet microtubule arrange in a ring






7. Replicated forms of chromosomes joined together by the centromere and separated during mitosis and meiosis II






8. A spontaneous chemical reaction in which there is a net release of free energy






9. A quantum - or discrete amount - of light energy.






10. Having two different alleles for a given genetic character






11. A specialized structure in the nucleus - formed from various chromosomes and active in the synthesis of ribosomes.






12. A heritable feature in a population that varies continuously as a result of environmental influences and the additive effect of two or more genes (polygenic inheritance).






13. The union of haploid gametes to produce a diploid zygote.






14. The synthesis of RNA on a DNA template.






15. The subunit that serves as the building block of a polymer.






16. Chromosome pairs of the same length - centromere position - and staining pattern that possess genes for the same characters at corresponding loci. One homologous chromosome is inherited from the organism's father - the other from the mother.






17. A family tree describing the occurrence of heritable characters in parents and offspring across as many generations as possible.






18. Voltage across a membrane. ranges from -50 to -200 millivolts. inside of cell negative compared to the outside






19. A cell organelle constructed in the nucleolus and functioning as the site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm; consists of rRNA and protein molecules - which make up two subunits.






20. A double sugar - consisting of two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis.






21. A special sequence of nucleotides in DNA that marks the end of a gene. It signals RNA polymerase to release the newly made RNA molecule - which then departs from the gene






22. Sythesis of secretory proteins (glycoproteins) specialized cells secrete proteins produced by rough ER ribosomes and membrane production






23. In comparing two solutions - the one with a lower solute concentration.






24. Modification of RNA before it leaves the nucleus - a process unique to eukaryotes.






25. A measure of hydrogen ion concentration equal to -log [H+] and ranging in value from 0 to 14.






26. A chemical process that lyses - or splits - molecules by the addition of water; an essential process in digestion.






27. One of several atomic forms of an element each containing different number of neutrons and different in atomic mass






28. A membrane that encloses the central vacuole in a plant cell - separating the cytosol from the cell sap






29. An ion with a positive charge produced by the loss of one or more electrons






30. The conversion of a normal animal cell to a cancerous cell.






31. Molecules that are mirror images of each other.






32. The principle whereby every energy transfer or transformation increases the entropy of the universe. Ordered forms of energy are at least partly converted to heat - and in spontaneous reactions - the free energy of the system also decreases.






33. A cell organelle constructed in the nucleolus and functioning as the site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm; consists of rRNA and protein molecules - which make up two subunits






34. A type of endocytosis in which the cell ingests extracellular fluid and its dissolved solutes.






35. A diagram used in the study of inheritance to show the results of random fertilization.






36. In a heterozygote - the allele that is completely masked in the phenotype.






37. Substance consisting of two or more elements in a fixed ratio






38. Many ion channels function as gated channels these channels open or close depending on the presence or absence of a chemical or physical stimulus






39. The passive transport of water; diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane; the direction of osmosis is determined only by a difference in total solute concentration ; the kind of solutes in the solution do not matter






40. Plants that produce offspring of the same variety when they self-pollinate.






41. A virus that infects bacteria; also called a phage. See phage.






42. One of the pair of chromosomes responsible for determining the sex of an individual






43. A two stage type of cell division in sexually reproducing organims that results in cells with half the chromosomes number of the original cells






44. A type of blue-green photosynthetic pigment that participates directly in the light reactions.






45. A type of reproduction involving only one parent that produces genetically identical offspring by budding or by the division of a single cell or the entire organism into two or more parts.






46. In plants bacteria and fungi it is the major electrogenic pump actively transporting H+ out of the cell






47. One of several formed bodies with specialized functions - suspended in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.






48. The second of two major stages in photosynthesis (following the light reactions) - involving atmospheric CO2 fixation and reduction of the fixed carbon into carbohydrate.






49. A dense object lying along the inside of the nuclear envelope in female mammalian cells - representing an inactivated X chromosome.






50. Maintenance of cell shape (compression resisting girders) cell motility organelle and chromosome movement