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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Many ion channels function as gated channels these channels open or close depending on the presence or absence of a chemical or physical stimulus
specific heat
C4 plants
cytoskeleton
gated channels
2. A chemical process that lyses - or splits - molecules by the addition of water; an essential process in digestion.
monosomic
electron transport chain
hydrolysis
transformation
3. Span the membrane 1. channel proteins which have a hydrophilic channel that certain molecules or ions can use as a tunnel through the membrane (aquaporins facilitate the passage of water through the membrane) 2. carrier proteins bind to molecules and
transport proteins
cell wall
chloroplasts
metaphase
4. That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum that is free of ribosomes.
anaerobic
entropy
smooth ER
parental types
5. Molecules that are mirror images of each other.
enantiomers
aerobic
electron transport chain
clone
6. Gene carrying structure found in nucleus- consists of 1 very long DNA molecules and associated proteins
chromosomes
parental types
energy coupling
dominant allele
7. A substance that is dissolved in a solution
surface tension
exons
C3 plants
solute
8. Synthesis of lipids - phospholipids and steroid sex hormones-help detoxify drugs and poisons (liver cells) involves adding hydroxyl groups to drugs to make soluble and easier to flush from body
carbonyl groups
redox reactions
smooth ER
cellulose
9. A specific receptor site on some part of an enzyme molecule remote from the active site.
ATP synthase
character
collagen
allosteric site
10. A fatty acid possessing one or more double bonds between the carbons in the hydrocarbon tail. Such bonding reduces the number of hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon skeleton.
unsaturated fatty acid
pyrimidines
electromagnetic spectrum
nucleus
11. (1) A deficiency in a chromosome resulting from the loss of a fragment through breakage. (2) A mutational loss of one or more nucleotide pairs from a gene.
parental types
capsid
deletion
centrioles
12. Prokaryotes cell division . Each daughter cell receives a copy of the single parental chromosome
binary fission
microtubules
bound ribosomes
cytological maps
13. ATP can power active transport by transferring a phosphate group from ATP to the transport protein. This may induce a conformation change in the transport proteins translocating the solute across the membrane
hypertonic
ATP
deletion
aqueous solution
14. Region where cells microtubules are initiated
Cytochrome
osmoregulation
centrosomes
binary fission
15. A long cellular appendage specialized for locomotion - formed from a core of nine outer doublet microtubules and two inner single microtubules - ensheathed in an extension of plasma membrane.
transcription
flagella
proton
collagen
16. Plants that produce offspring of the same variety when they self-pollinate.
true breeding
coenzyme
heterotrophs
dehydration reaction
17. Sex cells (haploid cells; egg or sperm) unite to form a diploid zygote
synapsis
gametes
gap junctions
trace elements
18. The membrane at the boundary of every cell that acts as a selective barrier - thereby regulating the cell's chemical composition.
telomeres
feedback inhibition
DNA
plasma membrane
19. Organizing the structures and activities of cells
cytoskeleton
primary transcript
fatty acid
collagen
20. A specialized molecule sharing the reaction center with the chlorophyll a molecule; it accepts an electron from the chlorophyll a molecule.
primary electron acceptor
sexual reproduction
polyploidy
nondisjunction
21. Provide cytoplasmic channels between adjacent animal cells
gap junctions
heterozygous
nuclear lamina
spectrophotometer
22. An individual with the normal phenotype.
bacteriophage
organic chemistry
wild type
aquaporins(water channel)
23. A substance that consists of acid and base forms in a solution and that minimizes changes in pH when extraneous acids or bases are added to the solution.
concentration gradient
G2 phase
cohesion
buffers
24. Phase of cell cycle that includes mitosis and cytokenisis
codons
mitotoic phase
leading strand
collagen
25. A membrane that cloaks the capsid that in turn encloses a viral genome.
viral envelope
prophase
photosystem I
polyribosomes
26. A mass of abnormal cells that remains at the site of origin
ketone
benign tumor
solute
phagocytosis
27. A subatomic particle with single positive charge found in nucleus of an atom
proton
frameshift mutation
trace elements
beta (B) pleated sheet
28. The passive movement of molecules down their concentration gradient via transport proteins
facilitated diffusion
aerobic
osmosis
freeze-fracture
29. One of several formed bodies with specialized functions - suspended in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
organelles
viral envelope
cystic fibrosis
tonoplast
30. Nuclear division process; prophase - prometaphase - metaphase - anaphase - and telophse
cristae (plural - cristae)
mitosis
ATP
pinocytosis
31. The general term for the production of offspring with new combinations of traits inherited from the two parents.
solute
transformation
genetic recombination
acid precipitation
32. The production of ATP using energy derived from the redox reactions of an electron transport chain.
cystic fibrosis
Oxidative Phosphorylation
tight junctions
cholesterol
33. Composed of nine sets of triplet microtubule arrange in a ring
centrioles
mesophyll cell
peptide bond
voltage
34. A chemical cycle involving eight steps that completes the metabolic breakdown of glucose molecules to carbon dioxide; occurs within the mitochondrion; the second major stage in cellular respiration.
genetics
nondisjunction
krebs Cycle
temperature
35. A three-dimensional biological polymer constructed from a set of 20 different monomers called amino acids.
electrochemical gradient
Acetyl CoA
feedback inhibition
protein
36. The ability of a cell to distinguish one type of neighboring cell from another is crucial to the functioning of an organism carbohydrates are important for this
Cell-cell recognition
plastids
law of segregration
sodium potassium pump
37. An accessory pigment - either yellow or orange - in the chloroplasts of plants. By absorbing wavelengths of light that chlorophyll cannot - carotenoids broaden the spectrum of colors that can drive photosynthesis.
passive transport
nucleus
carotenoids
absorption spectrum
38. A netlike array of protein filaments that maintains the shape of the nucleus.
concentration gradient
atom
nuclear lamina
cyclin
39. The complex of DNA and proteins that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome. When the cell is not dividing -exists as a mass of very long - thin fibers that are not visible with a light microscope.
tonoplast
chromatin
photosystem II
mRNA
40. A functional group important in energy transfer.
cytosol
mitochondria
phosphate group
electrochemical gradient
41. A negatively charged ion
ligands
enantiomers
anion
tumor
42. The ability of a single gene to have multiple effects.
pleiotropy
solute
cytoskeleton
osmosis
43. The simplest carbohydrate - active alone or serving as a monomer for disaccharides and polysaccharides. Also known as simple sugars - the molecular formulas of are generally some multiple of CH2O.
glycoproteins
passive transport
monosaccharides
cristae (plural - cristae)
44. The disruption of a cell and separation of its organelles by centrifugation.
adhesion
cation
P. generation
cell fractionation
45. A quantitative measure of disorder or randomness - symbolized by S.
binary fission
chlorophyll A
ribosomes
entropy
46. A route of electron flow during the light reactions of photosynthesis that involves both photosystems and produces ATP - NADPH - and oxygen. The net electron flow is from water to NADP+.
polyploidy
telomeres
noncyclic electron flow
hypotonic
47. An organism that makes ATP by aerobic respiration if oxygen is present but that switches to fermentation under anaerobic conditions.
P. generation
noncompetitive inhibitor
faculative anaerobes
primary electron acceptor
48. A tiny membranous sac in a cell's cytoplasm carrying molecules produced by the cell.
transport vesicles
cell wall
reaction center
malignant tumor
49. The passive transport of water; diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane; the direction of osmosis is determined only by a difference in total solute concentration ; the kind of solutes in the solution do not matter
mitochondria
osmosis
ribosomal RNA
nucleolus
50. An element indispensable for life but required in extremely minimum amounts
trace elements
tetrad
cell cycle
primary transcript