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AP Biology

Subjects : science, ap, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes.






2. A functional group that consists of a nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms; can act as a base in solution - accepting a hydrogen ion and acquiring a charge of +1.






3. An organelle found only in plants and photosynthetic protists that absorbs sunlight and uses it to drive the synthesis of organic compounds from carbon dioxide and water.






4. The movement of specific molecules into a cell by the inward budding of membranous vesicles containing proteins with receptor sites specific to the molecules being taken in; enables a cell to acquire bulk quantities of specific substances.






5. Special transport proteins that generate the voltage gradient across a membrane an example is the Na+-K+ pump restores the electrochemical gradient not only by the active transport of Na+ and K+ setting up a concentration gradien but because it pumps






6. Compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in the covalent arrangements of their atoms.






7. A plant that uses crassulacean acid metabolism - an adaptation for photosynthesis in arid conditions - first discovered in the family Crassulaceae. Carbon dioxide entering open stomata during the night is converted into organic acids - which release






8. A complex assembly that interacts with the ends of an RNA intron in splicing RNA - releasing the intron - and joining the two adjacent exons.






9. The diffusion gradient of an ion - representing a type of potential energy that accounts for both the concentration difference of the ion across a membrane and its tendency to move relative to the membrane potential.






10. The multicellular haploid form in organisms undergoing alternation of generations that mitotically produces haploid gametes that unite and grow into the sporophyte generation.






11. An organism that is heterozygous with respect to a single gene of interest. A monohybrid results from a cross between parents homozygous for different alleles. For example - parents of genotypes AA and aa produce a monohybrid genotype of Aa.






12. The binding together of like molecules often by hydrogen bonds






13. The complex of DNA and proteins that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome. When the cell is not dividing -exists as a mass of very long - thin fibers that are not visible with a light microscope.






14. A specific configuration of atoms commonly attached to the carbon skeletons of organic molecules and usually involved in chemical reactions.






15. A cluster of several membrane proteins found in the mitochondrial crista (and bacterial plasma membrane) that function in chemiosmosis with adjacent electron transport chains - using the energy of a hydrogen ion concentration gradient to make ATP. Pr






16. A type of reproduction in which two parents give rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes inherited from the gametes of the two parents.






17. A team of enzymes that hydrolyze DNA and RNA into their component nucleotides






18. A measure of hydrogen ion concentration equal to -log [H+] and ranging in value from 0 to 14.






19. The multicellular diploid form in organisms undergoing alternation of generations that results from a union of gametes and that meiotically produces haploid spores that grow into the gametophyte generation.






20. Constructed from glycerol and fatty acids






21. Having the same solute concentration as another solution.






22. Cytokenisis process; pinching of the plasma membrane; the succession of rapid cell division without growth during early embryonic development that converts the zygote into a ball of cell






23. A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule.






24. The protein shell that encloses a viral genome. It may be rod-shaped - polyhedral - or more complete in shape.






25. An attraction between two atoms resulting from a sharing of outer shell electrons or the presence of opposite charges on the atom; the bonded atoms gain compounds outer electron shells






26. Differences between members of the same species.






27. Complex of DNA and proteins that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome






28. A method of organizing the chromosomes of a cell in relation to number - size - and type.






29. A microbody containing enzymes that transfer hydrogen from various substrates to oxygen - producing and then degrading hydrogen peroxide.






30. A life cycle in which there is both a multicellular diploid form - the sporophyte - and a multicellular haploid form - the gametophyte; characteristic of plants.






31. A specific receptor site on some part of an enzyme molecule remote from the active site.






32. In cellular metabolism - the use of energy released from an exergonic reaction to drive an endergonic reaction.






33. Cancerous tumor that is invasive enough to impair function of one or more organs






34. A three-dimensional biological polymer constructed from a set of 20 different monomers called amino acids.






35. A single ATP powered pump that transports one solute can indirectly drive the active transport of several other solutes in this mechanism as the solute that has been actively transported diffuses back passively through a transport protein its movemen






36. Material present in the cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells - important during cell division; the microtubule-organizing center.






37. Unit - a region of a DNA molecule that is transcribed into an RNA molecule






38. The formation of ATP by directly transferring a phosphate group to ADP from an intermediate substrate in catabolism.






39. The union of haploid gametes to produce a diploid zygote.






40. The first subphase of mitosis in which the chromatin is condensing and the mitotic spindle begins to form but the nucleolus and nucleus are still in intact






41. A substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution






42. The cellular secretion of macromolecules by the fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane.






43. An organelle in eukaryotic cells that serves as the site of cellular respiration.






44. A nonspontaneous chemical reaction in which free energy is absorbed from the surroundings






45. A cell organelle constructed in the nucleolus and functioning as the site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm; consists of rRNA and protein molecules - which make up two subunits.






46. One of several organic compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures and therefore different properties. The three types are structural - geometric and enantiomers.






47. A storage polysaccharide in plants consisting entirely of glucose.






48. Golgi apparatus--> gives rise to vesicles which pinch off and travel to other sites






49. A short cellular appendage specialized for locomotion - formed from a core of nine outer doublet microtubules and two inner single microtubules ensheathed in an extension of plasma membrane.






50. A subatomic particle with a single negative charge; one or more electrons move around the nucleus