SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
AP Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A point mutation; the replacement of one nucleotide and its partner in the complementary DNA strand by another pair of nucleotides.
polysaccharides
base pair substitution
transformation
substrate
2. The splitting of glucose into pyruvate. Glycolysis is the one metabolic pathway that occurs in all living cells - serving as the starting point for fermentation or aerobic respiration
glycolysis
thermodynamics
carotenoids
law of independent assortment
3. The ability of a single gene to have multiple effects.
pleiotropy
centrioles
S phase
duplication
4. A heritable feature.
noncyclic phosphorylation
phospholipids
character
action spectrum
5. A genetic disorder that occurs in people with two copies of a certain recessive allele; characterized by an excessive secretion of mucus and consequent vulnerability to infection; fatal if untreated.
glycosidic linkage
cystic fibrosis
tumor
cell plate
6. The entire spectrum of radiation ranging in wavelength from less than a nanometer to more than a kilometer.
electromagnetic spectrum
central vacuole
proton pump
law of independent assortment
7. Center of manufacturing - warehousing - sorting - and shipping products are usually modified during their transit from the cis pole to the trans pole
golgi apparatus
heredity
replication fork
Peripheral proteins
8. Collagen most abundant in animal cells
concentration gradient
alternation of generations
ECM function in support - adhesion - movement - and regulation (glycoproteins)
plastids
9. The first subphase of mitosis in which the chromatin is condensing and the mitotic spindle begins to form but the nucleolus and nucleus are still in intact
cell division
sickle cell anemia
hydrophobic
prophase
10. Compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in the covalent arrangements of their atoms.
concentration gradient
transformation
trans face
structural isomers
11. The spontaneous passage of molecules and ions - bound to specific carrier proteins - across a biological membrane down their concentration gradients
trisomic
facilitated diffusion
actin
lysosomes
12. A tiny membranous sac in a cell's cytoplasm carrying molecules produced by the cell.
spliceosome
proton pump
nucleolus
transport vesicles
13. One of several organic compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures and therefore different properties. The three types are structural - geometric and enantiomers.
rubisco Ribulose carboxylase
central vacuole
isomers
coenzyme
14. A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by entering the active site in place of the substrate whose structure it mimics.
competitive inhibitor
recessive allele
covalent bonds
tonoplast
15. A polymer (polynucleotide) consisting of many nucleotide monomers; serves as a blueprint for proteins and - through the actions of proteins - for all cellular activities. The two types are DNA and RNA.
proton motive force
clone
nucleic acid
codons
16. A type of weak chemical bond formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one molecules is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a polar covalent in another bond
hydrogen bond
character
mRNA
covalent bonds
17. The physical and physiological traits of an organism.
phenotype
intermediate filaments
domains
G2 phase
18. Fourth subphase of mitosis in which the chromatids of each chromosome have separated and the daughter chromosomes are moving to the poles of the cell
electron transport chain
anaphase
ligands
cotransport
19. Compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in the spatial arrangements of their atoms.
glycogen
geometric isomers
malignant tumor
heterozygous
20. Golgi appartus--> usually located near the ER a vesicle that buds from the ER will add its membrane and the contents of its lumen -cavity - to this face
induced fit
peroxisome
cis face
prometaphase
21. The pairing of replicated homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis.
synapsis
metaphase
ketone
tetrad
22. In cellular metabolism - the use of energy released from an exergonic reaction to drive an endergonic reaction.
adhesion
energy coupling
transport proteins
ECM function in support - adhesion - movement - and regulation (glycoproteins)
23. The portion of a system's energy that can perform work when temperature is uniform throughout the system.
free energy
functional groups
purines
phospholipid
24. Cytokenisis process; pinching of the plasma membrane; the succession of rapid cell division without growth during early embryonic development that converts the zygote into a ball of cell
nucleolus
cleavage
condensation reaction
freeze-fracture
25. A special transport protein in the plasma membrane of animal cells that transports sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell against their concentration gradients.
insertion
P. generation
sodium potassium pump
cellulose
26. A homogeneous mixture of two or more substance (liquid)
solution
frameshift mutation
aquaporins(water channel)
chloroplast
27. A functional group consisting of a hydrogen atom joined to an oxygen atom by a polar covalent bond. Molecules possessing this group are soluble in water and are called alcohols.
endoplasmic reticulum
electronegativity
hydroxyl groups
compound
28. The multicellular diploid form in organisms undergoing alternation of generations that results from a union of gametes and that meiotically produces haploid spores that grow into the gametophyte generation.
tetrad
entropy
sporophyte
cell division
29. Generate and degrade H2O2 in performing various metabolic functions transfer hydrogen from various substrates to oxygen and they produce H2O2. Use O to break fatty acids that can be sent to mitochondria
DNA ligase
mitochondria
peroxisomes
cellulose
30. Having an affinity to water
freeze-fracture
element
facilitated diffusion
hydrophilic
31. The synthesis of a polypeptide using the genetic information encoded in an mRNA molecule. There is a change of 'language' from nucleotides to amino acids
translation
chiasmata
sodium potassium pump
peptide bond
32. Anything takes up space and has mass
condensation reaction
matter
phospholipid
nucleolus
33. A plant that uses the Calvin cycle for the initial steps that incorporate CO2 into organic material - forming a three-carbon compound as the first stable intermediate.
recessive allele
cytokenisis
C3 plants
chromatin
34. A chemical cycle involving eight steps that completes the metabolic breakdown of glucose molecules to carbon dioxide; occurs within the mitochondrion; the second major stage in cellular respiration.
ligands
krebs Cycle
primary electron acceptor
proton
35. One of a family of closely related plant organelles - including chloroplasts - chromoplasts - and amyloplasts (leucoplasts).
spliceosome
transcription
plastids
primer
36. A phenomenon in walled cells in which the cytoplasm shrivels and the plasma membrane pulls away from the cell wall when the cell loses water to a hypertonic environment
pinocytosis
electron microscope
plasmolysis
C4 plants
37. A catabolic process that makes a limited amount of ATP from glucose without an electron transport chain and that produces a characteristic end product - such as ethyl alcohol or lactic acid.
functions of the proteins
sulfhydryl group
free ribosomes
fermentation
38. A reaction in which two molecules become covalently bonded to each other through the loss of a small molecule - usually water; also called dehydration reaction.
carbohydrates
trisomic
free energy
condensation reaction
39. A subatomic particle with a single negative charge; one or more electrons move around the nucleus
quantitive characters
glycolysis
nuclease
electron
40. A fatty acid in which all carbons in the hydrocarbon tail are connected by single bonds - thus maximizing the number of hydrogen atoms that can attach to the carbon skeleton.
cyclin
photosystem I
dominant allele
saturated fatty acid
41. A double-stranded - helical nucleic acid molecule capable of replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell's proteins.
G0 phase
wild type
chromatin
DNA
42. An individual with the normal phenotype.
cristae (plural - cristae)
G0 phase
electron microscope
wild type
43. 1. Transport of specific solutes into or out of cells. 2. Enzymatic activity - sometimes catalyzing one of a number of steps of a metabolic pathway 3. Signal transduction - relaying hormonal messages to the cell. 4. Cell-cell recognition - allowing o
nucleolus
functions of the proteins
concentration gradient
mitotic spindle
44. A chromosomal condition in which a particular cell has only one copy of a chromosome - instead of the normal two; the cell is said to be monosomic for that chromosome.
sexual reproduction
electromagnetic spectrum
stroma
monosomic
45. An aberration in chromosome structure resulting from an error in meiosis or mutagens; duplication of a portion of a chromosome resulting from fusion with a fragment from a homologous chromosome.
visible light
peptide bond
faculative anaerobes
duplication
46. An organism that obtains organic food molecules without eating other organisms or substances derived from other organisms. Autotrophs use energy from the sun or from the oxidation of inorganic substances to make organic molecules from inorganic ones.
pinocytosis
cohesion
solute
autotrophs
47. The fluid of the chloroplast surrounding the thylakoid membrane; involved in the synthesis of organic molecules from carbon dioxide and water.
stroma
ECM function in support - adhesion - movement - and regulation (glycoproteins)
nucleolus
cleavage
48. Uses energy to move solutes against their gradients; requires the cell to expend metabolic energy; enables a cell to maintain its internal concentrations of small molecules that would otherwise diffuse across he membrane ; ATP supplies the energy for
active transport
induced fit
lysosomes
polygenic inheritance
49. An organelle found only in plants and photosynthetic protists that absorbs sunlight and uses it to drive the synthesis of organic compounds from carbon dioxide and water.
chloroplasts
recessive allele
peripheral proteins
lactid acid fermentation
50. A type of blue-green photosynthetic pigment that participates directly in the light reactions.
phospholipid
hybridization
chlorophyll A
adhesion