Test your basic knowledge |

AP Biology

Subjects : science, ap, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A type of weak chemical bond formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one molecules is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a polar covalent in another bond






2. Chromatin - nucleolus - nuclear envelope--> directs protein synthesis by synthesizing RNA (mRNA) and sending it to the cytoplasm via nuclear pores-->the mRNA is made according to instruction provided by DNA --> mRNA reaches cytoplasm ribosomes transl






3. Many ion channels function as gated channels these channels open or close depending on the presence or absence of a chemical or physical stimulus






4. The splitting of glucose into pyruvate. Glycolysis is the one metabolic pathway that occurs in all living cells - serving as the starting point for fermentation or aerobic respiration






5. A plant that prefaces the Calvin cycle with reactions that incorporate CO2 into four-carbon compounds - the end product of which supplies CO2 for the Calvin cycle.






6. A double-stranded - helical nucleic acid molecule capable of replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell's proteins.






7. A double sugar - consisting of two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis.






8. In a heterozygote - the allele that is completely masked in the phenotype.






9. The process of generating ATP from ADP and phosphate by means of a proton-motive force generated by the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast during the light reactions of photosynthesis.






10. A virus that infects bacteria; also called a phage. See phage.






11. A two-stage type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that results in cells with half the chromosome number of the original cell.






12. The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.






13. An initial RNA transcript; also called pre-mRNA.






14. A type of cell lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles; found only in the domains Bacteria and Archaea.






15. A structural polysaccharide of cell walls - consisting of glucose monomers joined by b-1 - 4-glycosidic linkages.






16. The general term for the production of offspring with new combinations of traits inherited from the two parents.






17. Membranes of neighboring cells are actually fused forming continuous belts around cell to prevent leakage of extracellular fluid






18. Any substance that cannot be broken down to any other substance






19. Fourth subphase of mitosis in which the chromatids of each chromosome have separated and the daughter chromosomes are moving to the poles of the cell






20. The distance between crests of waves - such as those of the electromagnetic spectrum.






21. Having two identical alleles for a given trait.






22. Provide cytoplasmic channels between adjacent animal cells






23. The tendency of molecules of any substance to spread out in the available space it is driven by intrinsic kinetic energy (thermal motion or heat) of molecules






24. The portion of a system's energy that can perform work when temperature is uniform throughout the system.






25. The principle of conservation of energy. Energy can be transferred and transformed - but it cannot be created or destroyed.






26. The spread of cancer to locations distant form original site






27. The cell engulfs a particle by extending psedopodia around it and packaging it in a large vacuole






28. Any cell in a multicellular organism except a sperm or egg cell.






29. One of a family of closely related plant organelles - including chloroplasts - chromoplasts - and amyloplasts (leucoplasts).






30. A long cellular appendage specialized for locomotion - formed from a core of nine outer doublet microtubules and two inner single microtubules - ensheathed in an extension of plasma membrane.






31. A heritable feature.






32. Synthesis of lipids - phospholipids and steroid sex hormones-help detoxify drugs and poisons (liver cells) involves adding hydroxyl groups to drugs to make soluble and easier to flush from body






33. That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes.






34. A negatively charged ion






35. A type of yellow-green accessory photosynthetic pigment that transfers energy to chlorophyll a.






36. An adenine-containing nucleoside triphosphate that releases free energy when its phosphate bonds are hydrolyzed. This energy is used to drive endergonic reactions in cells.






37. The currently accepted model of cell membrane structure - which envisions the membrane as a mosaic of individually inserted protein molecules drifting laterally in a fluid bilayer of phospholipids.






38. An enzyme that links together the growing chain of ribonucleotides during transcription.






39. A threadlike - gene-carrying structure found in the nucleus. Each chromosome consists of one very long DNA molecule and associated proteins.






40. The synthesis of a polypeptide using the genetic information encoded in an mRNA molecule. There is a change of 'language' from nucleotides to amino acids






41. A protein channel in a cell membrane that opens or closes in response to a particular stimulus.






42. A cell organelle constructed in the nucleolus and functioning as the site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm; consists of rRNA and protein molecules - which make up two subunits






43. The protein shell that encloses a viral genome. It may be rod-shaped - polyhedral - or more complete in shape.






44. A type of endocytosis involving large - particulate substances.






45. Span the membrane 1. channel proteins which have a hydrophilic channel that certain molecules or ions can use as a tunnel through the membrane (aquaporins facilitate the passage of water through the membrane) 2. carrier proteins bind to molecules and






46. Sythesis of secretory proteins (glycoproteins) specialized cells secrete proteins produced by rough ER ribosomes and membrane production






47. Genes that are located on the same chromosome.






48. The conversion of pyruvate to lactate with no release of carbon dioxide.






49. The generation-to-generation sequence of stages in the reproductive history of an organism.






50. The removal of noncoding portions (introns) of the RNA molecule after initial synthesis.