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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A sequence of electron carrier molecules (membrane proteins) that shuttle electrons during the redox reactions that release energy used to make ATP.
double helix
chlorophyll A
photorespiration
electron transport chain
2. The entry compound for the Krebs cycle in cellular respiration; formed from a fragment of pyruvate attached to a coenzyme.
peptide bond
Acetyl CoA
exergonic reaction
chlorophyll
3. The parent individuals from which offspring are derived in studies of inheritance; P stands for parental.
calvin cycle
alternation of generations
phenotype
P. generation
4. Genes that are located on the same chromosome.
linked genes
cotransport
light reactions
cystic fibrosis
5. A solution in which water is the solvent
aqueous solution
aerobic
concentration gradient
cation
6. The most common type of mutation - a base-pair substitution in which the new codon makes sense in that it still codes for an amino acid.
mRNA
transport proteins
mitosis
missense mutations
7. The arrangement of phospholipids and proteins in biological membranes is described by the
fluid mosaic model
plastids
hybridization
centrosome
8. A homogeneous mixture of two or more substance (liquid)
cytoskeleton
solution
ATP synthase
RNA
9. A life cycle in which there is both a multicellular diploid form - the sporophyte - and a multicellular haploid form - the gametophyte; characteristic of plants.
duplication
sodium potassium pump
alternation of generations
monomer
10. A discontinuously synthesized DNA strand that elongates in a direction away from the replication fork.
membrane potential
lagging strand
replication fork
homozygous
11. One of the pair of chromosomes responsible for determining the sex of an individual
centromere
sex chromosomes
nondisjunction
nucleus
12. A human genetic disease of red blood cells caused by the substitution of a single amino acid in the hemoglobin protein; it is the most common inherited disease among African Americans.
chiasmata
sickle cell anemia
amino group
C3 plants
13. A noncoding - intervening sequence within a eukaryotic gene.
amino group
cell division
introns
calvin cycle
14. The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
solute
osmosis
coenzyme
plasmolysis
15. One of two light-harvesting units of a chloroplast's thylakoid membrane; it uses the P680 reaction-center chlorophyll.
photosystem II
chiasmata
chromatin
proton pump
16. A mass of abnormal cells that remains at the site of origin
sulfhydryl group
bundle sheath cell
polygenic inheritance
benign tumor
17. A sugar (monosaccharide) or one of its dimers (disaccharides) or polymers (polysaccharides).
CAM
phospholipids
polyploidy
carbohydrates
18. Any factor that has a greater impact on a population as the population increases
density dependent inhibitor
CAM
F1 generation
peroxisome
19. The most abundant type of RNA - which together with proteins - forms the structure of ribosomes. Ribosomes coordinate the sequential coupling of tRNA molecules to mRNA codons.
true breeding
noncyclic phosphorylation
C4 plants
ribosomal RNA
20. Generate and degrade H2O2 in performing various metabolic functions transfer hydrogen from various substrates to oxygen and they produce H2O2. Use O to break fatty acids that can be sent to mitochondria
monohybrids
electrogenic pump
interphase
peroxisomes
21. An organic compound with a carbonyl group of which the carbon atom is bonded to two other carbons.
2nd law of thermodynamics
ketone
cotransport
1st law of thermodynamics
22. That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum that is free of ribosomes.
terminator
smooth ER
action spectrum
proton pump
23. A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation-reduction reaction
activation energy
redox reactions
cell cycle control system
freeze-fracture
24. A chromosomal condition in which a particular cell has an extra copy of one chromosome - instead of the normal two; the cell is said to be trisomic for that chromosome.
cleavage
facilitated diffusion
trisomic
transfer RNA
25. The conversion of pyruvate to carbon dioxide and ethyl alcohol.
alcohol fermentation
activation energy
helicase
carboxyl group
26. Reproduction of cells
cell division
sexual reproduction
anticodon
hypotonic
27. Function like rivets fastening cells together into strong sheets Intermediate filaments reinforce this
desmosome
density dependent inhibitor
diploid cells
aerobic
28. A subatomic particle with single positive charge found in nucleus of an atom
hydrolysis
proton
sulfhydryl group
atom
29. A functional group consisting of a sulfur atom bonded to a hydrogen atom (—SH).
sulfhydryl group
prometaphase
collagen
denaturation
30. A type of yellow-green accessory photosynthetic pigment that transfers energy to chlorophyll a.
osmosis
ATP
reducing agent
chlorophyll B
31. An instrument that measures the proportions of light of different wavelengths absorbed and transmitted by a pigment solution.
stroma
spectrophotometer
Cytochrome
buffers
32. A specific receptor site on some part of an enzyme molecule remote from the active site.
structural isomers
allosteric site
cytological maps
acid
33. Center of manufacturing - warehousing - sorting - and shipping products are usually modified during their transit from the cis pole to the trans pole
introns
allosteric site
golgi apparatus
protein
34. A functional group present in aldehydes and ketones and consisting of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom.
amino group
carbonyl groups
cilia
cristae (plural - cristae)
35. A threadlike - gene-carrying structure found in the nucleus. Each chromosome consists of one very long DNA molecule and associated proteins.
chromosomes
osmosis
cytoskeleton
S phase
36. An aberration in chromosome structure resulting from an error in meiosis or mutagens; duplication of a portion of a chromosome resulting from fusion with a fragment from a homologous chromosome.
Substrate-Level Phosphorylation
acid precipitation
carbonyl groups
duplication
37. A dense region of DNA in a prokaryotic cell.
nucleoid
transformation
membrane potential
P. generation
38. Material present in the cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells - important during cell division; the microtubule-organizing center.
codominance
noncompetitive inhibitor
centrosome
fluid mosaic model
39. Walled cells are _____ in isotonic surroundings - where there is no tendency for water to enter.
diffusion
cystic fibrosis
codominance
flaccid (limp)
40. A machine that spins test tubes at the fastest speeds to separate liquids and particles of different densities.
anaphase
food vacuoles
ultra centrifuges
hydrocarbons
41. An extensively branched glucose storage polysaccharide found in the liver and muscle of animals; the animal equivalent of starch.
glycogen
linkage map
nuclear lamina
density dependent inhibitor
42. A human genetic disease caused by a sex-linked recessive allele; characterized by progressive weakening and a loss of muscle tissue.
faculative anaerobes
linkage map
duchenne muscular dystropy
mutagens
43. A chromosomal alteration in which the organism possesses more than two complete chromosome sets.
pH
polyploidy
phosphate group
alcohol fermentation
44. A plant that uses crassulacean acid metabolism - an adaptation for photosynthesis in arid conditions - first discovered in the family Crassulaceae. Carbon dioxide entering open stomata during the night is converted into organic acids - which release
CAM
hybridization
recessive allele
sister chromatids
45. Network of membrane sacs and tubes; active in membrane synthesis and other synthetic and metabolic processes
ATP
carboxyl group
sodium potassium pump
endoplasmic reticulum
46. An acceptor that temporarily stores energized electrons produced during the light reactions.
faculative anaerobes
chromosome theory of inheritance
NADP+
diploid cells
47. The generation of ATP by cyclic electron flow.
cyclic photophosphorylation
mitotoic phase
phagocytosis
G1 phase
48. Prokaryotes cell division . Each daughter cell receives a copy of the single parental chromosome
binary fission
meiosis
synapsis
double helix
49. Organization of DNA and proteins into fibrous material
chromatin
haploid cells
law of independent assortment
exergonic reaction
50. One form of the secondary structure of proteins in which the polypeptide chain folds back and forth - or where two regions of the chain lie parallel to each other and are held together by hydrogen bonds.
hypotonic
proton pump
flaccid (limp)
beta (B) pleated sheet