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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Many ion channels function as gated channels these channels open or close depending on the presence or absence of a chemical or physical stimulus
CAM
character
cation
gated channels
2. The control of water balance in organisms living in hypertonic - hypotonic - or terrestrial environments.
absorption spectrum
chromosomes
cell cycle control system
osmoregulation
3. An extensively branched glucose storage polysaccharide found in the liver and muscle of animals; the animal equivalent of starch.
cilia
electron transport chain
cholesterol
glycogen
4. A taxonomic category above the kingdom level. The three domains are Archaea - Bacteria - and Eukarya.
domains
RNA
helicase
electronegativity
5. In a heterozygote - the allele that is fully expressed in the phenotype.
base pair substitution
free ribosomes
smooth ER
dominant allele
6. Provide cytoplasmic channels between adjacent animal cells
noncyclic electron flow
valence electrons
trace elements
gap junctions
7. A chemical cycle involving eight steps that completes the metabolic breakdown of glucose molecules to carbon dioxide; occurs within the mitochondrion; the second major stage in cellular respiration.
temperature
P. generation
krebs Cycle
nuclear envelope
8. An organism that obtains organic food molecules by eating other organisms or their by-products.
substrate
missense mutations
acid
heterotrophs
9. An acceptor that temporarily stores energized electrons produced during the light reactions.
ribosomal RNA
NADP+
tetrad
helicase
10. A specific configuration of atoms commonly attached to the carbon skeletons of organic molecules and usually involved in chemical reactions.
transformation
nucleic acid
helicase
functional groups
11. A coding region of a eukaryotic gene. Exons - which are expressed - are separated from each other by introns.
hybridization
oxidation
genetic recombination
exons
12. The generation of ATP by cyclic electron flow.
microfilaments
sulfhydryl group
cyclic photophosphorylation
bound ribosomes
13. A phenotypic situation in which the two alleles affect the phenotype in separate - distinguishable ways
codominance
promoter
tonoplast
photosystem I
14. The diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane
cellulose
passive transport
bacteriophage
parental types
15. A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation-reduction reaction
redox reactions
electrogenic pump
monosomic
law of segregration
16. Offspring with a phenotype that matches one of the parental phenotypes.
trait
gametes
haploid cells
parental types
17. A cell containing only one set of chromosomes (n).
haploid cells
malignant tumor
nondisjunction
visible light
18. An organism that is heterozygous with respect to a single gene of interest. A monohybrid results from a cross between parents homozygous for different alleles. For example - parents of genotypes AA and aa produce a monohybrid genotype of Aa.
monohybrids
allosteric site
chlorophyll
frameshift mutation
19. A paired set of homologous chromosomes - each composed of two sister chromatids. Tetrads form during prophase I of meiosis.
noncyclic phosphorylation
cleavage
tetrad
linkage map
20. An increase or decrease in the density of a chemical substance in an area -->substances tend to move form where there are more concentrated to where they are less concentrated
beta oxidation
calvin cycle
concentration gradient
Acetyl CoA
21. That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes.
sex linked genes
malignant tumor
Rough ER
frameshift mutation
22. A change in a gene at a single nucleotide pair
sister chromatids
substrate
point mutation
isomers
23. Gene carrying structure found in nucleus- consists of 1 very long DNA molecules and associated proteins
chromosomes
microfilaments
base pair substitution
action spectrum
24. The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
aqueous solution
osmosis
alternation of generations
anion
25. Electrical potential energy due to the separation of opposite charges
voltage
golgi apparatus
aerobic
genome
26. A type of RNA - synthesized from DNA - that attaches to ribosomes in the cytoplasm and specifies the primary structure of a protein.
ultra centrifuges
mRNA
hydrophilic
cell wall
27. Plants that produce offspring of the same variety when they self-pollinate.
true breeding
induced fit
action spectrum
amino acid
28. Actively maintains the gradient of sodium ions (Na+) and potassium ions (K+) across the plasma membrane of animal cells . K+ concentration is low outside animal cell and high inside the cell. Na+ concentration is high outside an animal cell and low i
solute
calvin cycle
sodium potassium pump
matter
29. A dense object lying along the inside of the nuclear envelope in female mammalian cells - representing an inactivated X chromosome.
barr body
passive transport
nucleolus
helicase
30. A tiny membranous sac in a cell's cytoplasm carrying molecules produced by the cell.
action spectrum
linked genes
transport vesicles
entropy
31. A substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution
monosaccharides
karyotype
covalent bonds
acid
32. Organizing the structures and activities of cells
cytoskeleton
cotransport
amniocentesis
intermediate filaments
33. Sex cells (haploid cells; egg or sperm) unite to form a diploid zygote
exergonic reaction
gametes
flaccid (limp)
bundle sheath cell
34. Prokaryotes cell division . Each daughter cell receives a copy of the single parental chromosome
glycoproteins
oxidizing agent
genotype
binary fission
35. An ion with a positive charge produced by the loss of one or more electrons
polyribosomes
cation
trait
carboxyl group
36. A human genetic disease caused by a sex-linked recessive allele; characterized by progressive weakening and a loss of muscle tissue.
duchenne muscular dystropy
electrochemical gradient
lactid acid fermentation
codons
37. First growth phase of the cell cycle - consisting of the portion of interphase - after DNA synthesis occurs
transformation
G1 phase
photon
centrosome
38. An aggregation of several ribosomes attached to one messenger RNA molecule.
polyribosomes
interphase
carbonyl groups
nuclease
39. Maintenance of cell shape (compression resisting girders) cell motility organelle and chromosome movement
viral envelope
microtubules
solvent
pinocytosis
40. A complex assembly that interacts with the ends of an RNA intron in splicing RNA - releasing the intron - and joining the two adjacent exons.
1st law of thermodynamics
energy coupling
spliceosome
nuclease
41. The passive movement of molecules down their concentration gradient via transport proteins
carbohydrates
facilitated diffusion
substrate
mitochondria
42. A microbody containing enzymes that transfer hydrogen from various substrates to oxygen - producing and then degrading hydrogen peroxide.
fatty acid
peroxisome
asexual reproduction
transcription unit
43. A green pigment located within the chloroplasts of plants. Chlorophyll a can participate directly in the light reactions - which convert solar energy to chemical energy.
microfilaments
chlorophyll
endergonic reaction
concentration gradient
44. Period when cell cycle when cell is not dividing- cell metabolic activity is high - chromsomes and organelles are duplicated and cell size may increase. 90% of cell cycle
interphase
genotype
law of segregration
beta (B) pleated sheet
45. The diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane because it require no energy from the cell to make it happen - the concentration gradient represents potential energy and drives fusion
passive transport
exergonic reaction
cristae (plural - cristae)
cation
46. Sythesis of secretory proteins (glycoproteins) specialized cells secrete proteins produced by rough ER ribosomes and membrane production
induced fit
ribosomal RNA
rough ER
linked genes
47. A negatively charged ion
point mutation
anion
facilitated diffusion
ATP
48. Anchorage of nucleus and certain other organelles - formation of nuclear lamina
photorespiration
1st law of thermodynamics
extracellular matrix
intermediate filaments
49. Voltage across a membrane. ranges from -50 to -200 millivolts. inside of cell negative compared to the outside
electronegativity
punnett square
membrane potential
oxidation
50. A heritable feature.
nondisjunction
macromolecule
character
peptide bond
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