Test your basic knowledge |

AP Biology

Subjects : science, ap, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The general term for the production of offspring with new combinations of traits inherited from the two parents.






2. The conversion of pyruvate to lactate with no release of carbon dioxide.






3. A type of endocytosis involving large - particulate substances.






4. A specific configuration of atoms commonly attached to the carbon skeletons of organic molecules and usually involved in chemical reactions.






5. The ability of a cell to distinguish one type of neighboring cell from another is crucial to the functioning of an organism carbohydrates are important for this






6. Complex of DNA and proteins that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome






7. Smallest unit of matter that retains property of an element






8. A specific receptor site on some part of an enzyme molecule remote from the active site.






9. A virus that infects bacteria; also called a phage. See phage.






10. A phenomenon in which one gene alters the expression of another gene that is independently inherited






11. A fatty acid possessing one or more double bonds between the carbons in the hydrocarbon tail. Such bonding reduces the number of hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon skeleton.






12. The first subphase of mitosis in which the chromatin is condensing and the mitotic spindle begins to form but the nucleolus and nucleus are still in intact






13. A protective layer external to the plasma membrane in plant cells - bacteria - fungi - and some protists. In plant cells - the wall is formed of cellulose fibers embedded in a polysaccharide-protein matrix. The primary cell wall is thin and flexible






14. Differences between members of the same species.






15. Any cell in a multicellular organism except a sperm or egg cell.






16. The subunit that serves as the building block of a polymer.






17. A molecule that is a constituent of the inner bilayer of biological membranes - having a polar - hydrophilic head and a nonpolar - hydrophobic tail.






18. A subatomic particle with a single negative charge; one or more electrons move around the nucleus






19. A linking enzyme essential for DNA replication; catalyzes the covalent bonding of the 39 end of a new DNA fragment to the 59 end of a growing chain.






20. A type of photosynthetic cell arranged into tightly packed sheaths around the veins of a leaf.






21. Genes that are located on the same chromosome.






22. For proteins - a process in which a protein unravels and loses its native conformation - thereby becoming biologically inactive. For DNA - the separation of the two strands of the double helix. Denaturation occurs under extreme conditions of pH - sal






23. A plant that prefaces the Calvin cycle with reactions that incorporate CO2 into four-carbon compounds - the end product of which supplies CO2 for the Calvin cycle.






24. The principle whereby every energy transfer or transformation increases the entropy of the universe. Ordered forms of energy are at least partly converted to heat - and in spontaneous reactions - the free energy of the system also decreases.






25. Modification of RNA before it leaves the nucleus - a process unique to eukaryotes.






26. A basic principle in biology stating that genes are located on chromosomes and that the behavior of chromosomes during meiosis accounts for inheritance patterns.






27. Fourth subphase of mitosis in which the chromatids of each chromosome have separated and the daughter chromosomes are moving to the poles of the cell






28. A stacked portion of the thylakoid membrane in the chloroplast. Grana function in the light reactions of photosynthesis






29. One of several formed bodies with specialized functions - suspended in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.






30. A machine that spins test tubes at the fastest speeds to separate liquids and particles of different densities.






31. An organism that obtains organic food molecules by eating other organisms or their by-products.






32. Use info - from the DNA to make proteins and carry out protein synthesis






33. The removal of noncoding portions (introns) of the RNA molecule after initial synthesis.






34. In comparing two solutions - referring to the one with a greater solute concentration.






35. The most abundant type of RNA - which together with proteins - forms the structure of ribosomes. Ribosomes coordinate the sequential coupling of tRNA molecules to mRNA codons.






36. Sites of cellular respiration the catbolic process that generates ATP by extracting energy from sugars - fats + other fuels w/ oxygens help






37. A type of reproduction in which two parents give rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes inherited from the gametes of the two parents.






38. The DNA strand that provides the template for ordering the sequence of nucleotides in an RNA transcript.






39. Dissolving agent of a solution






40. A type of RNA - synthesized from DNA - that attaches to ribosomes in the cytoplasm and specifies the primary structure of a protein.






41. A steroid that forms an essential component of animal cell membranes and acts as a precursor molecule for the synthesis of other biologically important steroids.






42. One of two families of nitrogenous bases found in nucleotides. Cytosine (C) - thymine (T) - and uracil (U) are pyrimidines.






43. A type of covalent bond between atoms that differ in electronegativity. the shared electrons are pulled closer to the more electronegative atom. making one slightly negative and the other slightly positive






44. Provide cytoplasmic channels between adjacent animal cells






45. A membrane-enclosed bag of hydrolytic enzymes found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.






46. A substance that is dissolved in a solution






47. The portion of a system's energy that can perform work when temperature is uniform throughout the system.






48. The multicellular diploid form in organisms undergoing alternation of generations that results from a union of gametes and that meiotically produces haploid spores that grow into the gametophyte generation.






49. A functional group consisting of a hydrogen atom joined to an oxygen atom by a polar covalent bond. Molecules possessing this group are soluble in water and are called alcohols.






50. An attraction between two atoms resulting from a sharing of outer shell electrons or the presence of opposite charges on the atom; the bonded atoms gain compounds outer electron shells