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AP Biology

Subjects : science, ap, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A dense region of DNA in a prokaryotic cell.






2. A mass of abnormal cells that remains at the site of origin






3. A green pigment located within the chloroplasts of plants. Chlorophyll a can participate directly in the light reactions - which convert solar energy to chemical energy.






4. The addition of electrons to a substance involved in a redox reaction.






5. A membrane-enclosed bag of hydrolytic enzymes found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.






6. Reproduction of cells






7. A substance that is dissolved in a solution






8. One of a family of closely related plant organelles - including chloroplasts - chromoplasts - and amyloplasts (leucoplasts).






9. Synthesis of lipids - phospholipids and steroid sex hormones-help detoxify drugs and poisons (liver cells) involves adding hydroxyl groups to drugs to make soluble and easier to flush from body






10. A type of reproduction in which two parents give rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes inherited from the gametes of the two parents.






11. The entire contents of the cell - exclusive of the nucleus - and bounded by the plasma membrane.






12. A long carbon chain carboxylic acid. vary in length and in the number and location of double bonds; three fatty acids linked to a glycerol molecule form fat.






13. Complex of DNA and proteins that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome






14. The study of carbon compounds (organic compounds).






15. Smallest unit of matter that retains property of an element






16. A metabolic pathway that consumes oxygen - releases carbon dioxide - generates no ATP - and decreases photosynthetic output; generally occurs on hot - dry - bright days - when stomata close and the oxygen concentration in the leaf exceeds that of car






17. An acceptor that temporarily stores energized electrons produced during the light reactions.






18. The subunit that serves as the building block of a polymer.






19. The form of native DNA - referring to its two adjacent polynucleotide strands wound into a spiral shape.






20. The attraction between different kinds of molecules






21. The conversion of a normal animal cell to a cancerous cell.






22. The electrons in the outermost electron shell






23. One of the pair of chromosomes responsible for determining the sex of an individual






24. The spontaneous passage of molecules and ions - bound to specific carrier proteins - across a biological membrane down their concentration gradients






25. In cellular metabolism - the use of energy released from an exergonic reaction to drive an endergonic reaction.






26. The reactant on which an enzyme works






27. The conversion of pyruvate to carbon dioxide and ethyl alcohol.






28. Dissolving agent of a solution






29. A negatively charged ion






30. The semifluid portion of the cytoplasm.






31. A method of metabolic control in which the end product of a metabolic pathway acts as an inhibitor of an enzyme within that pathway.






32. That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes.






33. An organelle found only in plants and photosynthetic protists that absorbs sunlight and uses it to drive the synthesis of organic compounds from carbon dioxide and water.






34. Voltage across a membrane. ranges from -50 to -200 millivolts. inside of cell negative compared to the outside






35. The attraction of an atom for the electrons of a covalent bond






36. An ion with a positive charge produced by the loss of one or more electrons






37. An initial RNA transcript; also called pre-mRNA.






38. The synthesis of RNA on a DNA template.






39. Prokaryotes cell division . Each daughter cell receives a copy of the single parental chromosome






40. The cell engulfs a particle by extending psedopodia around it and packaging it in a large vacuole






41. A sugar (monosaccharide) or one of its dimers (disaccharides) or polymers (polysaccharides).






42. First growth phase of the cell cycle - consisting of the portion of interphase - after DNA synthesis occurs






43. A cyclically operating set of molecultes in the cell that triggers and coordinates key events in the cell cycle






44. A cell containing two sets of chromosomes (2n) - one set inherited from each parent.






45. Network of membrane sacs and tubes; active in membrane synthesis and other synthetic and metabolic processes






46. Typically transmembrane proteins with hydrophobic regions that completely span the hydrophobic interior of the membrane.






47. (1) A lineage of genetically identical individuals or cells. (2) In popular usage - a single individual organism that is genetically identical to another individual. (3) As a verb - to make one or more genetic replicas of an individual or cell. See a






48. A type of endocytosis involving large - particulate substances.






49. In comparing two solutions - referring to the one with a greater solute concentration.






50. A functional group that consists of a nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms; can act as a base in solution - accepting a hydrogen ion and acquiring a charge of +1.