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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A type of blue-green photosynthetic pigment that participates directly in the light reactions.
nucleus
phagocytosis
genetics
chlorophyll A
2. Generate and degrade H2O2 in performing various metabolic functions transfer hydrogen from various substrates to oxygen and they produce H2O2. Use O to break fatty acids that can be sent to mitochondria
peroxisomes
phagocytosis
hydrophobic
chromatin
3. In a heterozygote - the allele that is completely masked in the phenotype.
gap junctions
heat
recessive allele
noncompetitive inhibitor
4. A two-stage type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that results in cells with half the chromosome number of the original cell.
pinocytosis
meiosis
mutagens
centromere
5. A genetic map based on the frequencies of recombination between markers during crossing over of homologous chromosomes. The greater the frequency of recombination between two genetic markers - the farther apart they are assumed to be. See also geneti
aqueous solution
linkage map
law of independent assortment
crossing over
6. A quantum - or discrete amount - of light energy.
fertilization
nuclear lamina
photon
polyribosomes
7. A cell containing two sets of chromosomes (2n) - one set inherited from each parent.
quantitive characters
golgi apparatus
cystic fibrosis
diploid cells
8. A phenomenon in which one gene alters the expression of another gene that is independently inherited
C3 plants
active transport
glycoproteins
epistasis
9. A globular protein that links into chains - two of which twist helically about each other - forming microfilaments in muscle and other contractile elements in cells.
sex linked genes
cyclin
microfilaments
actin
10. A profile of the relative performance of different wavelengths of light.
electron transport chain
desmosome
action spectrum
alternation of generations
11. The second growth face of the cell cycle consisting of the portion of interphase after DNA synthesis occurs
benign tumor
plastids
G2 phase
somatic cell
12. The union of haploid gametes to produce a diploid zygote.
sister chromatids
fertilization
enantiomers
chromosomes
13. Organization of DNA and proteins into fibrous material
Cytochrome
dominant allele
chromatin
wavelength
14. A type of covalent bond between atoms that differ in electronegativity. the shared electrons are pulled closer to the more electronegative atom. making one slightly negative and the other slightly positive
proton motive force
polar covalent bonds
catalyst
hemophilia
15. The reciprocal exchange of genetic material between nonsister chromatids during synapsis of meiosis I.
phenotype
domains
crossing over
transport vesicles
16. That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum that is free of ribosomes.
pyrimidines
smooth ER
cystic fibrosis
isomers
17. A type of lipid characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four rings with various functional groups attached.
steroids
nucleolus
P. generation
concentration gradient
18. The synthesis of RNA on a DNA template.
transcription
genetics
ATP
concentration gradient
19. A dense region of DNA in a prokaryotic cell.
nucleoid
G2 phase
monosaccharides
diploid cells
20. The attraction between different kinds of molecules
lysosomes
ribosomes
adhesion
heterozygous
21. A substance that is dissolved in a solution
pinocytosis
trace elements
solute
integral proteins
22. Any nonprotein molecule or ion that is required for the proper functioning of an enzyme can be permanently bound to the active site or may bind loosely with the substrate during catalysis.
osmoregulation
cofactor
organic chemistry
peroxisome
23. Actively maintains the gradient of sodium ions (Na+) and potassium ions (K+) across the plasma membrane of animal cells . K+ concentration is low outside animal cell and high inside the cell. Na+ concentration is high outside an animal cell and low i
sodium potassium pump
density dependent inhibitor
variation
chromosome theory of inheritance
24. A two stage type of cell division in sexually reproducing organims that results in cells with half the chromosomes number of the original cells
integral proteins
action spectrum
meiosis
endergonic reaction
25. A taxonomic category above the kingdom level. The three domains are Archaea - Bacteria - and Eukarya.
homologous chromosomes
domains
transformation
action spectrum
26. The second subphase of mitosis - in which discrete chromosomes consisting of identical sister chromatids appear - the nuclear envelope fragments - and the spindle microtubules attach to the kinetochores of the chromosomes.
coenzyme
transformation
prometaphase
punnett square
27. A mass of abnormal cells that remains at the site of origin
intermediate filaments
phospholipids
transport proteins
benign tumor
28. A point mutation; the replacement of one nucleotide and its partner in the complementary DNA strand by another pair of nucleotides.
cytoskeleton
membrane potential
cell plate
base pair substitution
29. Rain - snow - or fog that is more acidic than pH 5.6.
hemophilia
acid precipitation
aquaporins(water channel)
glycosidic linkage
30. A measure of the intensity of heat in degrees reflecting molecules average kinetic energy
nucleus
sulfhydryl group
chloroplasts
temperature
31. A chromosomal alteration in which the organism possesses more than two complete chromosome sets.
mitotoic phase
denaturation
telophase
polyploidy
32. A protein covalently attached to a carbohydrate.
flaccid (limp)
anaphase
wavelength
glycoproteins
33. The enzyme that catalyzes the first step of the Calvin cycle (the addition of CO2 to RuBP - or ribulose bisphosphate).
homologous chromosomes
cohesion
endocytosis
rubisco Ribulose carboxylase
34. A route of electron flow during the light reactions of photosynthesis that involves both photosystems and produces ATP - NADPH - and oxygen. The net electron flow is from water to NADP+.
hydrolysis
reaction center
peripheral proteins
noncyclic electron flow
35. An initial RNA transcript; also called pre-mRNA.
protein
enantiomers
primary transcript
carboxyl group
36. An organelle found only in plants and photosynthetic protists that absorbs sunlight and uses it to drive the synthesis of organic compounds from carbon dioxide and water.
origins replication
chloroplasts
cation
amphipathic molecules
37. A molecule that is a constituent of the inner bilayer of biological membranes - having a polar - hydrophilic head and a nonpolar - hydrophobic tail.
introns
phospholipids
cis face
polar covalent bonds
38. A characteristic
plasmolysis
photon
trait
gametophyte
39. Sites of cellular respiration the catbolic process that generates ATP by extracting energy from sugars - fats + other fuels w/ oxygens help
glycoproteins
mitochondria
homozygous
oxidizing agent
40. Network of membrane sacs and tubes; active in membrane synthesis and other synthetic and metabolic processes
gated channels
endoplasmic reticulum
sex linked genes
peroxisome
41. Specialized structure in special type of RNA - ribosomal RNA - is synthesized + assembled w/ proteins imported from cytoplasm into main components of ribsomal subunits which pass nuclear portes to cytoplasm where they combine to form ribosomes
hydroxyl groups
nucleolus
complete dominance
cis face
42. Having two different alleles for a given genetic character
cyclin
sex linked genes
phospholipids
heterozygous
43. The entry compound for the Krebs cycle in cellular respiration; formed from a fragment of pyruvate attached to a coenzyme.
malignant tumor
golgi apparatus
aquaporins(water channel)
Acetyl CoA
44. A cell organelle constructed in the nucleolus and functioning as the site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm; consists of rRNA and protein molecules - which make up two subunits
ribosomes
proton pump
domains
peptide bond
45. Any cell in multicellular organism except an egg or sperm
somatic cells
reduction
cell wall
ATP
46. A functional group consisting of a hydrogen atom joined to an oxygen atom by a polar covalent bond. Molecules possessing this group are soluble in water and are called alcohols.
character
hydroxyl groups
freeze-fracture
cristae (plural - cristae)
47. A human genetic disease caused by a sex-linked recessive allele - characterized by excessive bleeding following injury.
lysosomes
cyclic photophosphorylation
sex linked genes
hemophilia
48. One of two light-harvesting units of a chloroplast's thylakoid membrane; it uses the P700 reaction-center chlorophyll.
cell cycle control system
visible light
photosystem I
activation energy
49. The conversion of pyruvate to lactate with no release of carbon dioxide.
lactid acid fermentation
endergonic reaction
trait
polysaccharides
50. A property of biological membranes that allows some substances to cross more easily than others.
cellulose
selective permeability (the ability to allow some sub. to cross the plasma membrane more easily)
prokaryotic cell
template strand
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