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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A double sugar - consisting of two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis.
fat
chlorophyll
disaccharides
base pair substitution
2. The spontaneous passage of molecules and ions - bound to specific carrier proteins - across a biological membrane down their concentration gradients
codons
mitotic spindle
leading strand
facilitated diffusion
3. That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes.
Rough ER
gametes
quantitive characters
sporophyte
4. A measure of hydrogen ion concentration equal to -log [H+] and ranging in value from 0 to 14.
oxidizing agent
monosaccharides
active site
pH
5. A cell organelle constructed in the nucleolus and functioning as the site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm; consists of rRNA and protein molecules - which make up two subunits
primary electron acceptor
ribosomes
macromolecule
F1 generation
6. The attraction between different kinds of molecules
punnett square
adhesion
protein
active transport
7. Reproduction of cells
polymer
cell division
chromatin
epistasis
8. Any substance that cannot be broken down to any other substance
element
noncyclic electron flow
codominance
duchenne muscular dystropy
9. A molecule that binds specifically to a receptor site of another molecule.
fluid mosaic model
point mutation
facilitated diffusion
ligands
10. An iron-containing protein - a component of electron transport chains in mitochondria and chloroplasts
beta oxidation
anaerobic
glycolysis
Cytochrome
11. A type of inheritance in which the phenotypes of the heterozygote and dominant homozygote are indistinguishable.
element
polygenic inheritance
complete dominance
covalent bonds
12. The multicellular diploid form in organisms undergoing alternation of generations that results from a union of gametes and that meiotically produces haploid spores that grow into the gametophyte generation.
cell plate
sporophyte
promoter
ultra centrifuges
13. Phase of cell cycle that includes mitosis and cytokenisis
electromagnetic spectrum
rough ER
mitotoic phase
cell cycle control system
14. Cancerous tumor that is invasive enough to impair function of one or more organs
extracellular matrix
steroids
ribosomes
malignant tumor
15. A protein covalently attached to a carbohydrate.
glycoproteins
chlorophyll
chromosome theory of inheritance
chiasmata
16. A type of inheritance in which F1 hybrids have an appearance that is intermediate between the phenotypes of the parental varieties
macromolecule
mitochondria
coenzyme
incomplete dominance
17. A negatively charged ion
anion
peptide bond
chlorophyll
spliceosome
18. An organelle found only in plants and photosynthetic protists that absorbs sunlight and uses it to drive the synthesis of organic compounds from carbon dioxide and water.
anaphase
chloroplasts
sickle cell anemia
genotype
19. A functional group present in aldehydes and ketones and consisting of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom.
reaction center
cellulose
cytokenisis
carbonyl groups
20. A metabolic sequence that breaks fatty acids down to two-carbon fragments which enter the Krebs cycle as acetyl CoA.
clone
endoplasmic reticulum
beta oxidation
S phase
21. The semifluid portion of the cytoplasm.
cytosol
isotonic
anticodon
codons
22. A microbody containing enzymes that transfer hydrogen from various substrates to oxygen - producing and then degrading hydrogen peroxide.
exocytosis
hypotonic
polygenic inheritance
peroxisome
23. An already existing RNA chain bound to template DNA to which DNA nucleotides are added during DNA synthesis.
solute
anion
primer
electrogenic pump
24. In a heterozygote - the allele that is completely masked in the phenotype.
recessive allele
actin
monosomic
element
25. A single ATP powered pump that transports one solute can indirectly drive the active transport of several other solutes in this mechanism as the solute that has been actively transported diffuses back passively through a transport protein its movemen
beta oxidation
amphipathic molecules
cotransport
nondisjunction
26. An RNA molecule that functions as an interpreter between nucleic acid and protein language by picking up specific amino acids and recognizing the appropriate codons in the mRNA.
transfer RNA
faculative anaerobes
solvent
phagocytosis
27. An increase or decrease in the density of a chemical substance in an area -->substances tend to move form where there are more concentrated to where they are less concentrated
clone
hydrocarbons
bacteriophage
concentration gradient
28. The change in shape of the active site of an enzyme so that it binds more snugly to the substrate - induced by entry of the substrate.
induced fit
pleiotropy
light reactions
mutagens
29. The genetic makeup of an organism
oxidation
lysosomes
mitochondria
genotype
30. Many ion channels function as gated channels these channels open or close depending on the presence or absence of a chemical or physical stimulus
Rough ER
gated channels
tonoplast
centromere
31. A covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides by a dehydration reaction.
cytoplasm
glycosidic linkage
nuclear lamina
calvin cycle
32. In comparing two solutions - the one with a lower solute concentration.
oxidation
chromatin
hydrolysis
hypotonic
33. Anchorage of nucleus and certain other organelles - formation of nuclear lamina
intermediate filaments
electron microscope
voltage
cilia
34. Charts of chromosomes that locate genes with respect to chromosomal features.
ribosomes
cytological maps
Integral proteins
G2 phase
35. A type of lipid characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four rings with various functional groups attached.
domains
hydrophobic
geometric isomers
steroids
36. An increase or decrease in the density of a chemical substance in an area. Cells often maintain concentration gradients of ions across their membranes. When a gradient exists - the ions or other chemical substances involved tend to move from where th
nondisjunction
gametes
concentration gradient
haploid cells
37. A long cellular appendage specialized for locomotion - formed from a core of nine outer doublet microtubules and two inner single microtubules - ensheathed in an extension of plasma membrane.
grana
nucleus
flagella
substrate
38. An aberration in chromosome structure resulting from an error in meiosis or mutagens; duplication of a portion of a chromosome resulting from fusion with a fragment from a homologous chromosome.
peptide bond
peroxisome
hydrocarbons
duplication
39. The coupling of the 'downhill' diffusion of one substance to the 'uphill' transport of another against its own concentration gradient.
capsid
hydroxyl groups
cotransport
tight junctions
40. A fatty acid possessing one or more double bonds between the carbons in the hydrocarbon tail. Such bonding reduces the number of hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon skeleton.
cyclic electron flow
polymer
cell cycle
unsaturated fatty acid
41. A network of microtubules - microfilaments - and intermediate filaments that branch throughout the cytoplasm and serve a variety of mechanical and transport functions.
steroids
G2 phase
metaphase
cytoskeleton
42. That portion of the electromagnetic spectrum detected as various colors by the human eye - ranging in wavelength from about 380 nm to about 750 nm.
alternation of generations
hydroxyl groups
kinetochore
visible light
43. The principle whereby every energy transfer or transformation increases the entropy of the universe. Ordered forms of energy are at least partly converted to heat - and in spontaneous reactions - the free energy of the system also decreases.
peptide bond
2nd law of thermodynamics
hydrophilic
catalyst
44. A plant that uses crassulacean acid metabolism - an adaptation for photosynthesis in arid conditions - first discovered in the family Crassulaceae. Carbon dioxide entering open stomata during the night is converted into organic acids - which release
phospholipid
frameshift mutation
CAM
quantitive characters
45. A linking enzyme essential for DNA replication; catalyzes the covalent bonding of the 39 end of a new DNA fragment to the 59 end of a growing chain.
Peripheral proteins
RNA processing
DNA ligase
coenzyme
46. An organelle in eukaryotic cells that serves as the site of cellular respiration.
noncyclic electron flow
cytosol
electron transport chain
mitochondria
47. The first filial - or hybrid - offspring in a genetic cross-fertilization.
smooth ER
tetrad
condensation reaction
F1 generation
48. A family tree describing the occurrence of heritable characters in parents and offspring across as many generations as possible.
microfilaments
barr body
autotrophs
pedigree
49. Drive the diffusion of ions across a membrane 1. chemical force based on an ions concentration gradient. 2. the other is an electrical force based on the effect of the membrane potential on the ion's movement ion diffuses down its electrochemical gra
endoplasmic reticulum
flagella
mitochondria
electrochemical gradient
50. Maintenance of cell shape (compression resisting girders) cell motility organelle and chromosome movement
cleavage
microtubules
C4 plants
acid