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AP Biology

Subjects : science, ap, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A human genetic disease caused by a sex-linked recessive allele - characterized by excessive bleeding following injury.






2. Genes that are located on the same chromosome.






3. A three-dimensional biological polymer constructed from a set of 20 different monomers called amino acids.






4. A subatomic particle with a single negative charge; one or more electrons move around the nucleus






5. The generation-to-generation sequence of stages in the reproductive history of an organism.






6. A haploid cell such as an egg or sperm. Gametes unite during sexual reproduction to produce a diploid zygote.






7. The cell engulfs a particle by extending psedopodia around it and packaging it in a large vacuole






8. The study of carbon compounds (organic compounds).






9. Reproduction of cells






10. The diffusion gradient of an ion - representing a type of potential energy that accounts for both the concentration difference of the ion across a membrane and its tendency to move relative to the membrane potential.






11. A flattened membrane sac inside the chloroplast - used to convert light energy to chemical energy.






12. Chromosome pairs of the same length - centromere position - and staining pattern that possess genes for the same characters at corresponding loci. One homologous chromosome is inherited from the organism's father - the other from the mother.






13. A type of inheritance in which the phenotypes of the heterozygote and dominant homozygote are indistinguishable.






14. An electrically neutral particle found in the nucleus of an atom






15. A special sequence of nucleotides in DNA that marks the end of a gene. It signals RNA polymerase to release the newly made RNA molecule - which then departs from the gene






16. A taxonomic category above the kingdom level. The three domains are Archaea - Bacteria - and Eukarya.






17. A point mutation; the replacement of one nucleotide and its partner in the complementary DNA strand by another pair of nucleotides.






18. A loosely arranged photosynthetic cell located between the bundle sheath and the leaf surface.






19. Total amount of kinetic energy due to molecular motion in a body of matter. It is energy in most random form






20. An increase or decrease in the density of a chemical substance in an area -->substances tend to move form where there are more concentrated to where they are less concentrated






21. A non dividing face of the cell cycle consisting of the portion of interphase before DNA synthesis begins






22. A chromosomal condition in which a particular cell has only one copy of a chromosome - instead of the normal two; the cell is said to be monosomic for that chromosome.






23. A three-nucleotide sequence of DNA or mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid or termination signal; the basic unit of the genetic code.






24. A type of photosynthetic cell arranged into tightly packed sheaths around the veins of a leaf.






25. The parent individuals from which offspring are derived in studies of inheritance; P stands for parental.






26. A plant that uses crassulacean acid metabolism - an adaptation for photosynthesis in arid conditions - first discovered in the family Crassulaceae. Carbon dioxide entering open stomata during the night is converted into organic acids - which release






27. Sites of cellular respiration the catbolic process that generates ATP by extracting energy from sugars - fats + other fuels w/ oxygens help






28. A noncoding - intervening sequence within a eukaryotic gene.






29. The range of a pigment's ability to absorb various wavelengths of light.






30. A tiny membranous sac in a cell's cytoplasm carrying molecules produced by the cell.






31. A specific configuration of atoms commonly attached to the carbon skeletons of organic molecules and usually involved in chemical reactions.






32. A double-stranded - helical nucleic acid molecule capable of replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell's proteins.






33. The electron acceptor in a redox reaction.






34. A plant that prefaces the Calvin cycle with reactions that incorporate CO2 into four-carbon compounds - the end product of which supplies CO2 for the Calvin cycle.






35. A technique for determining genetic abnormalities in a fetus by the presence of certain chemicals or defective fetal cells in the amniotic fluid - obtained by aspiration from a needle inserted into the uterus.






36. Sex cells (haploid cells; egg or sperm) unite to form a diploid zygote






37. The first subphase of mitosis in which the chromatin is condensing and the mitotic spindle begins to form but the nucleolus and nucleus are still in intact






38. The semifluid portion of the cytoplasm.






39. A type of covalent bond between atoms that differ in electronegativity. the shared electrons are pulled closer to the more electronegative atom. making one slightly negative and the other slightly positive






40. An enzyme that links together the growing chain of ribonucleotides during transcription.






41. A quantum - or discrete amount - of light energy.






42. (1) A deficiency in a chromosome resulting from the loss of a fragment through breakage. (2) A mutational loss of one or more nucleotide pairs from a gene.






43. The cellular secretion of macromolecules by the fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane.






44. A family tree describing the occurrence of heritable characters in parents and offspring across as many generations as possible.






45. An RNA molecule that functions as an interpreter between nucleic acid and protein language by picking up specific amino acids and recognizing the appropriate codons in the mRNA.






46. Splits a membrane along the middle of the phospholipid bilayer. When a freeze-fracture preparation is viewed with an electron microscope - protein particles are interspersed in a smooth matrix - supporting the fluid mosaic model.






47. A profile of the relative performance of different wavelengths of light.






48. Substance consisting of two or more elements in a fixed ratio






49. A heritable feature.






50. In cellular metabolism - the use of energy released from an exergonic reaction to drive an endergonic reaction.