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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A mutation involving the addition of one or more nucleotide pairs to a gene.
ribosomes
meiosis
insertion
F2 generation
2. Attached to outside of ER or nuclear envelope- proteins that are destined for insertion into membranes or packaging certain organelles (ex: lysosome)
integral proteins
bound ribosomes
intermediate filaments
cystic fibrosis
3. A specialized base triplet at one end of a tRNA molecule that recognizes a particular complementary codon on an mRNA molecule.
wild type
interphase
trans face
anticodon
4. The diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane
free ribosomes
S phase
active site
passive transport
5. Many ion channels function as gated channels these channels open or close depending on the presence or absence of a chemical or physical stimulus
organic chemistry
amino group
gated channels
cell division
6. A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation-reduction reaction
primer
photophosphorylation
parental types
redox reactions
7. A cell containing two sets of chromosomes (2n) - one set inherited from each parent.
diploid cells
disaccharides
DNA ligase
active site
8. The change in shape of the active site of an enzyme so that it binds more snugly to the substrate - induced by entry of the substrate.
metastasis
surface tension
induced fit
character
9. The movement of a substance across a biological membrane against its concentration or electrochemical gradient with the help of energy input and specific transport proteins.
active transport
trisomic
intermediate filaments
heterotrophs
10. Anything takes up space and has mass
matter
thermodynamics
sporophyte
Substrate-Level Phosphorylation
11. The electrons in the outermost electron shell
valence electrons
rubisco Ribulose carboxylase
acid
homozygous
12. A type of inheritance in which the phenotypes of the heterozygote and dominant homozygote are indistinguishable.
1st law of thermodynamics
complete dominance
gated channels
wild type
13. A type of weak chemical bond formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one molecules is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a polar covalent in another bond
cation
ultra centrifuges
transcription unit
hydrogen bond
14. A metabolic sequence that breaks fatty acids down to two-carbon fragments which enter the Krebs cycle as acetyl CoA.
frameshift mutation
C4 plants
disaccharides
beta oxidation
15. The binding together of like molecules often by hydrogen bonds
homozygous
cohesion
osmosis
allosteric site
16. A glycoprotein in the extracellular matrix of animal cells that forms strong fibers - found extensively in connective tissue and bone; the most abundant protein in the animal kingdom.
active transport
polyribosomes
ECM function in support - adhesion - movement - and regulation (glycoproteins)
collagen
17. Cytokenisis process; pinching of the plasma membrane; the succession of rapid cell division without growth during early embryonic development that converts the zygote into a ball of cell
pleiotropy
chloroplast
cleavage
electromagnetic spectrum
18. An organism that obtains organic food molecules without eating other organisms or substances derived from other organisms. Autotrophs use energy from the sun or from the oxidation of inorganic substances to make organic molecules from inorganic ones.
density dependent inhibitor
autotrophs
law of independent assortment
mitochondria
19. The entry compound for the Krebs cycle in cellular respiration; formed from a fragment of pyruvate attached to a coenzyme.
RNA splicing
primary transcript
diffusion
Acetyl CoA
20. A type of cell lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles; found only in the domains Bacteria and Archaea.
prophase
prokaryotic cell
triplet code
cyclic electron flow
21. Chromosome pairs of the same length - centromere position - and staining pattern that possess genes for the same characters at corresponding loci. One homologous chromosome is inherited from the organism's father - the other from the mother.
homologous chromosomes
replication fork
diploid cells
life cycle
22. The DNA strand that provides the template for ordering the sequence of nucleotides in an RNA transcript.
mesophyll cell
prokaryotic cell
template strand
kinetochore
23. A coenzyme present in all cells that helps enzymes transfer electrons during the redox reactions of metabolism
proton pump
binary fission
free ribosomes
NaD+
24. A mass of abnormal cells within otherwise normal tissue - caused by the uncontrolled growth of a transformed cell
tumor
fermentation
Peripheral proteins
osmosis
25. A specific configuration of atoms commonly attached to the carbon skeletons of organic molecules and usually involved in chemical reactions.
cell cycle control system
functional groups
gametophyte
amino group
26. Sites of photosynthesis. convert solar energy--> chemical energy by absorbing sunlight and using it to drive the synthesis of organic compounds from CO2 and H20
pinocytosis
chloroplast
Rough ER
amino group
27. Charts of chromosomes that locate genes with respect to chromosomal features.
cytological maps
photon
benign tumor
centrioles
28. The production of ATP using energy derived from the redox reactions of an electron transport chain.
Oxidative Phosphorylation
cell wall
pH
facilitated diffusion
29. A type of reproduction involving only one parent that produces genetically identical offspring by budding or by the division of a single cell or the entire organism into two or more parts.
carboxyl group
asexual reproduction
fluid mosaic model
mitotoic phase
30. A two-stage type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that results in cells with half the chromosome number of the original cell.
meiosis
gated channels
polyploidy
missense mutations
31. The attraction between different kinds of molecules
alcohol fermentation
alternation of generations
adhesion
stroma
32. A microscope that focuses an electron beam through a specimen - resulting in resolving power a thousandfold greater than that of a light microscope. A transmission electron microscope (TEM) is used to study the internal structure of thin sections of
missense mutations
electron microscope
unsaturated fatty acid
metaphase
33. A Y-shaped region on a replicating DNA molecule where new strands are growing.
peripheral proteins
carbonyl groups
rough ER
replication fork
34. An organism that obtains organic food molecules by eating other organisms or their by-products.
law of segregration
heterotrophs
free energy
tumor
35. An organic compound with a carbonyl group of which the carbon atom is bonded to two other carbons.
ketone
light reactions
pedigree
reaction center
36. Specialized structure in special type of RNA - ribosomal RNA - is synthesized + assembled w/ proteins imported from cytoplasm into main components of ribsomal subunits which pass nuclear portes to cytoplasm where they combine to form ribosomes
autotrophs
heat
visible light
nucleolus
37. The most prevalent and efficient catabolic pathway for the production of ATP - in which oxygen is consumed as a reactant along with the organic fuel.
cellular respiration
centrioles
endocytosis
C4 plants
38. Maintenance of cell shape (compression resisting girders) cell motility organelle and chromosome movement
microtubules
autotrophs
hydrophilic
mesophyll cell
39. Actin (tension bearing elements ) muscle contraction
prophase
feedback inhibition
nuclease
microfilaments
40. Replicated forms of chromosomes joined together by the centromere and separated during mitosis and meiosis II
functional groups
cis face
Cytochrome
sister chromatids
41. The second subphase of mitosis - in which discrete chromosomes consisting of identical sister chromatids appear - the nuclear envelope fragments - and the spindle microtubules attach to the kinetochores of the chromosomes.
sex chromosomes
prometaphase
Cell-cell recognition
golgi apparatus
42. Mendel's first law - stating that allele pairs separate during gamete formation - and then randomly re-form as pairs during the fusion of gametes at fertilization.
isotonic
law of segregration
interphase
valence electrons
43. In a heterozygote - the allele that is fully expressed in the phenotype.
dominant allele
functions of the proteins
genes
starch
44. One form of the secondary structure of proteins in which the polypeptide chain folds back and forth - or where two regions of the chain lie parallel to each other and are held together by hydrogen bonds.
Substrate-Level Phosphorylation
G0 phase
somatic cell
beta (B) pleated sheet
45. Genes that are located on the same chromosome.
pinocytosis
linked genes
trait
substrate
46. Having the same solute concentration as another solution.
isotonic
hydrocarbons
hypotonic
binary fission
47. Having aversion to water tend to coalesce and form droplets of water
cyclic photophosphorylation
Substrate-Level Phosphorylation
hydrophobic
lysosomes
48. A metabolic pathway that consumes oxygen - releases carbon dioxide - generates no ATP - and decreases photosynthetic output; generally occurs on hot - dry - bright days - when stomata close and the oxygen concentration in the leaf exceeds that of car
turgid (firm)
Substrate-Level Phosphorylation
sex linked genes
photorespiration
49. The amount of heat that must be absorbed lost for one gram of a substance to change its temperature by one degree
electrogenic pump
malignant tumor
specific heat
acid precipitation
50. Function like rivets fastening cells together into strong sheets Intermediate filaments reinforce this
desmosome
pedigree
ribosomal RNA
cytokenisis
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