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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A subatomic particle with a single negative charge; one or more electrons move around the nucleus
solution
electron
osmosis
point mutation
2. The study of carbon compounds (organic compounds).
faculative anaerobes
cellulose
insertion
organic chemistry
3. A cell organelle constructed in the nucleolus and functioning as the site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm; consists of rRNA and protein molecules - which make up two subunits
active transport
G2 phase
ribosomes
microtubules
4. A plant that uses crassulacean acid metabolism - an adaptation for photosynthesis in arid conditions - first discovered in the family Crassulaceae. Carbon dioxide entering open stomata during the night is converted into organic acids - which release
crossing over
rough ER
CAM
phenotype
5. The spontaneous tendency of a substance to move down its concentration gradient from a more concentrated to a less concentrated area.
endocytosis
Peripheral proteins
reducing agent
diffusion
6. Synthesis phase of cell cycle; portion of interphase which DNA is replicated
promoter
sodium potassium pump
hydrophobic
S phase
7. Walled cells become _____ as a result of the entry of water from a hypotonic environment.
phospholipids
linkage map
photon
turgid (firm)
8. The substance in which animal tissue cells are embedded consisting of protein and polysaccharides.
extracellular matrix
mesophyll cell
peptide bond
NADP+
9. A heritable feature in a population that varies continuously as a result of environmental influences and the additive effect of two or more genes (polygenic inheritance).
NaD+
quantitive characters
genotype
cis face
10. The parent individuals from which offspring are derived in studies of inheritance; P stands for parental.
membrane potential
phagocytosis
RNA splicing
P. generation
11. A three-nucleotide sequence of DNA or mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid or termination signal; the basic unit of the genetic code.
double helix
codons
glycogen
peptide bond
12. For proteins - a process in which a protein unravels and loses its native conformation - thereby becoming biologically inactive. For DNA - the separation of the two strands of the double helix. Denaturation occurs under extreme conditions of pH - sal
CAM
receptor mediated endocytosis
denaturation
template strand
13. One of several atomic forms of an element each containing different number of neutrons and different in atomic mass
isotopes
cohesion
thermodynamics
facilitated diffusion
14. A globular protein that links into chains - two of which twist helically about each other - forming microfilaments in muscle and other contractile elements in cells.
actin
intermediate filaments
saturated fatty acid
dominant allele
15. Chromatin - nucleolus - nuclear envelope--> directs protein synthesis by synthesizing RNA (mRNA) and sending it to the cytoplasm via nuclear pores-->the mRNA is made according to instruction provided by DNA --> mRNA reaches cytoplasm ribosomes transl
codominance
chloroplasts
nucleus
integral proteins
16. The general term for the production of offspring with new combinations of traits inherited from the two parents.
genetic recombination
triplet code
cyclic electron flow
Oxidative Phosphorylation
17. The scientific study of heredity and hereditary variation.
genetics
saturated fatty acid
metastasis
bundle sheath cell
18. (1) An atom's central core - containing protons and neutrons. (2) The chromosome-containing organelle of a eukaryotic cell. (3) A cluster of neurons.
nucleus
contractile vacuoles
interphase
endocytosis
19. A point mutation; the replacement of one nucleotide and its partner in the complementary DNA strand by another pair of nucleotides.
base pair substitution
isomers
cleavage
polar covalent bonds
20. The diffusion gradient of an ion - representing a type of potential energy that accounts for both the concentration difference of the ion across a membrane and its tendency to move relative to the membrane potential.
lysosomes
cell division
electrochemical gradient
pinocytosis
21. An ion transport protein generating voltage across the membrane.
cation
electrogenic pump
cleavage
heterozygous
22. Organization of DNA and proteins into fibrous material
matter
trisomic
chromatin
Substrate-Level Phosphorylation
23. The fluid of the chloroplast surrounding the thylakoid membrane; involved in the synthesis of organic molecules from carbon dioxide and water.
gated channels
hydrophobic
steroids
stroma
24. Having the same solute concentration as another solution.
osmosis
acid
isotonic
mitotoic phase
25. The range of a pigment's ability to absorb various wavelengths of light.
absorption spectrum
actin
microfilaments
telophase
26. Having two different alleles for a given genetic character
heterozygous
diploid cells
cyclic electron flow
anaphase
27. Period when cell cycle when cell is not dividing- cell metabolic activity is high - chromsomes and organelles are duplicated and cell size may increase. 90% of cell cycle
synapsis
amino acid
interphase
gated channels
28. Sites of cellular respiration the catbolic process that generates ATP by extracting energy from sugars - fats + other fuels w/ oxygens help
cohesion
thermodynamics
glycogen
mitochondria
29. The pairing of replicated homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis.
electron transport chain
polar covalent bonds
mutagens
synapsis
30. Cytokenisis process; pinching of the plasma membrane; the succession of rapid cell division without growth during early embryonic development that converts the zygote into a ball of cell
incomplete dominance
cleavage
neutron
homozygous
31. Modification of RNA before it leaves the nucleus - a process unique to eukaryotes.
RNA processing
active transport
mRNA
plasmolysis
32. A route of electron flow during the light reactions of photosynthesis that involves both photosystems and produces ATP - NADPH - and oxygen. The net electron flow is from water to NADP+.
electrogenic pumps
smooth ER
hydroxyl groups
noncyclic electron flow
33. The movement of specific molecules into a cell by the inward budding of membranous vesicles containing proteins with receptor sites specific to the molecules being taken in; enables a cell to acquire bulk quantities of specific substances.
transcription
receptor mediated endocytosis
glycosidic linkage
ultra centrifuges
34. Plants that produce offspring of the same variety when they self-pollinate.
parental types
true breeding
grana
endoplasmic reticulum
35. A membranous sac formed by phagocytosis.
ribosomes
viral envelope
food vacuoles
photophosphorylation
36. A protein channel in a cell membrane that opens or closes in response to a particular stimulus.
polysaccharides
dominant allele
ribosomes
gated channels
37. A polymer (polynucleotide) consisting of many nucleotide monomers; serves as a blueprint for proteins and - through the actions of proteins - for all cellular activities. The two types are DNA and RNA.
functions of the proteins
buffers
nucleic acid
cyclic electron flow
38. The most common type of mutation - a base-pair substitution in which the new codon makes sense in that it still codes for an amino acid.
amniocentesis
lysosomes
missense mutations
flagella
39. An organic molecule possessing both carboxyl and amino groups. Amino acids serve as the monomers of proteins.
variation
endoplasmic reticulum
active transport
amino acid
40. An organism that obtains organic food molecules without eating other organisms or substances derived from other organisms. Autotrophs use energy from the sun or from the oxidation of inorganic substances to make organic molecules from inorganic ones.
chlorophyll
amino group
beta oxidation
autotrophs
41. The movement of a substance across a biological membrane against its concentration or electrochemical gradient with the help of energy input and specific transport proteins.
haploid cells
chromosomes
active transport
chromatin
42. The multicellular diploid form in organisms undergoing alternation of generations that results from a union of gametes and that meiotically produces haploid spores that grow into the gametophyte generation.
inversion
incomplete dominance
pH
sporophyte
43. An accident of meiosis or mitosis - in which the members of a pair of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids fail to move apart properly.
entropy
proton pump
nondisjunction
duchenne muscular dystropy
44. The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
osmosis
transcription unit
nuclease
carotenoids
45. Digestive compartments (macromolecules) carry out intracellular digestion . Use their hydrolytic enzymes to recycle the cell's own organic material (autophagy)
lysosomes
bound ribosomes
monomer
polar covalent bonds
46. A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA - in some viruses).
pinocytosis
proton motive force
hydrophilic
genes
47. A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation-reduction reaction
redox reactions
phospholipid
cell division
amino acid
48. A long carbon chain carboxylic acid. vary in length and in the number and location of double bonds; three fatty acids linked to a glycerol molecule form fat.
cyclic electron flow
fluid mosaic model
fatty acid
chiasmata
49. A negatively charged ion
spectrophotometer
complete dominance
anion
carotenoids
50. Any substance that cannot be broken down to any other substance
noncyclic phosphorylation
cytoplasm
cilia
element