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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Digestive compartments (macromolecules) carry out intracellular digestion . Use their hydrolytic enzymes to recycle the cell's own organic material (autophagy)
binary fission
trait
lysosomes
catalyst
2. Sites of cellular respiration the catbolic process that generates ATP by extracting energy from sugars - fats + other fuels w/ oxygens help
proton pump
mitochondria
feedback inhibition
food vacuoles
3. Splits a membrane along the middle of the phospholipid bilayer. When a freeze-fracture preparation is viewed with an electron microscope - protein particles are interspersed in a smooth matrix - supporting the fluid mosaic model.
law of segregration
gap junctions
cyclin
freeze-fracture
4. The loss of electrons from a substance involved in a redox reaction.
beta (B) pleated sheet
oxidation
disaccharides
electrochemical gradient
5. In comparing two solutions - the one with a lower solute concentration.
hypotonic
cell cycle
somatic cell
pyrimidines
6. Proteins that facilitate the amount of diffusion)A transport protein in the plasma membrane of a plant or animal cell that specifically facilitates the diffusion of water across the membrane (osmosis).
Rough ER
aquaporins(water channel)
oxidizing agent
peripheral proteins
7. An aberration in chromosome structure resulting from an error in meiosis or mutagens; duplication of a portion of a chromosome resulting from fusion with a fragment from a homologous chromosome.
functions of the proteins
duplication
aqueous solution
F1 generation
8. A phenotypic situation in which the two alleles affect the phenotype in separate - distinguishable ways
trace elements
autotrophs
hydrophobic
codominance
9. An electrically neutral particle found in the nucleus of an atom
alcohol fermentation
neutron
cotransport
carotenoids
10. A long cellular appendage specialized for locomotion - formed from a core of nine outer doublet microtubules and two inner single microtubules - ensheathed in an extension of plasma membrane.
induced fit
cell division
flagella
homozygous
11. The production of ATP by noncyclic electron flow.
cell cycle
lysosomes
ribosomes
noncyclic phosphorylation
12. Drive the diffusion of ions across a membrane 1. chemical force based on an ions concentration gradient. 2. the other is an electrical force based on the effect of the membrane potential on the ion's movement ion diffuses down its electrochemical gra
variation
mutagens
electrochemical gradient
DNA ligase
13. The principle of conservation of energy. Energy can be transferred and transformed - but it cannot be created or destroyed.
hydrolysis
element
membrane potential
1st law of thermodynamics
14. A subatomic particle with single positive charge found in nucleus of an atom
condensation reaction
electron transport chain
osmosis
proton
15. A two stage type of cell division in sexually reproducing organims that results in cells with half the chromosomes number of the original cells
trace elements
ECM function in support - adhesion - movement - and regulation (glycoproteins)
meiosis
aerobic
16. Center of manufacturing - warehousing - sorting - and shipping products are usually modified during their transit from the cis pole to the trans pole
Substrate-Level Phosphorylation
reduction
mitochondria
golgi apparatus
17. A family tree describing the occurrence of heritable characters in parents and offspring across as many generations as possible.
osmoregulation
pedigree
carboxyl group
stroma
18. Sites of photosynthesis. convert solar energy--> chemical energy by absorbing sunlight and using it to drive the synthesis of organic compounds from CO2 and H20
chloroplast
primary transcript
Peripheral proteins
character
19. A profile of the relative performance of different wavelengths of light.
action spectrum
organelles
diffusion
atom
20. 3rd subphase in mitosis; spindle is complete and the chromosomes attached to microtubules at their kinetochores are aligned at he metaphase plate
photon
phosphate group
telophase
metaphase
21. A solution in which water is the solvent
faculative anaerobes
concentration gradient
rough ER
aqueous solution
22. The amount of heat that must be absorbed lost for one gram of a substance to change its temperature by one degree
rubisco Ribulose carboxylase
cell fractionation
compound
specific heat
23. A type of inheritance in which F1 hybrids have an appearance that is intermediate between the phenotypes of the parental varieties
enantiomers
gated channels
incomplete dominance
complete dominance
24. A flattened membrane sac inside the chloroplast - used to convert light energy to chemical energy.
isotonic
Oxidative Phosphorylation
linked genes
thylakoids
25. The study of carbon compounds (organic compounds).
flagella
organic chemistry
enantiomers
organelles
26. The formation of ATP by directly transferring a phosphate group to ADP from an intermediate substrate in catabolism.
sporophyte
functions of the proteins
bound ribosomes
Substrate-Level Phosphorylation
27. A measure of hydrogen ion concentration equal to -log [H+] and ranging in value from 0 to 14.
cytoskeleton
pH
heredity
centrosome
28. That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes.
Rough ER
steroids
spectrophotometer
thermodynamics
29. A functional group that consists of a nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms; can act as a base in solution - accepting a hydrogen ion and acquiring a charge of +1.
intermediate filaments
concentration gradient
condensation reaction
amino group
30. A microscope that focuses an electron beam through a specimen - resulting in resolving power a thousandfold greater than that of a light microscope. A transmission electron microscope (TEM) is used to study the internal structure of thin sections of
photon
electron microscope
hypotonic
protein
31. A protein covalently attached to a carbohydrate.
glycoproteins
binary fission
law of segregration
plastids
32. A quantum - or discrete amount - of light energy.
peripheral proteins
photon
stroma
ECM function in support - adhesion - movement - and regulation (glycoproteins)
33. A change in a gene at a single nucleotide pair
point mutation
matter
polyploidy
contractile vacuoles
34. A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule.
dehydration reaction
gametes
heterotrophs
solution
35. A threadlike - gene-carrying structure found in the nucleus. Each chromosome consists of one very long DNA molecule and associated proteins.
somatic cell
chromosomes
tetrad
monosaccharides
36. A machine that spins test tubes at the fastest speeds to separate liquids and particles of different densities.
ultra centrifuges
entropy
active transport
heredity
37. Sequence of events in the life of a cell - from its origin in the division of a parent cell until its own division into two composed of M - G1 - S - and G2 phases
genetic recombination
electrogenic pump
glycosidic linkage
cell cycle
38. The electron acceptor in a redox reaction.
oxidizing agent
haploid cells
chlorophyll A
cristae (plural - cristae)
39. An additive effect of two or more gene loci on a single phenotypic character.
grana
polygenic inheritance
chromatin
active transport
40. The cellular uptake of macromolecules and particulate substances by localized regions of the plasma membrane that surround the substance and pinch off to form an intracellular vesicle.
endocytosis
G1 phase
replication fork
electronegativity
41. The spontaneous passage of molecules and ions - bound to specific carrier proteins - across a biological membrane down their concentration gradients
ketone
reaction center
bound ribosomes
facilitated diffusion
42. A type of strong chemical bond in which two atoms share one pair of valence electrons
geometric isomers
covalent bonds
trace elements
somatic cell
43. Sythesis of secretory proteins (glycoproteins) specialized cells secrete proteins produced by rough ER ribosomes and membrane production
nucleolus
frameshift mutation
rough ER
nuclear envelope
44. Modification of RNA before it leaves the nucleus - a process unique to eukaryotes.
C4 plants
nucleus
RNA processing
hypotonic
45. The most prevalent and efficient catabolic pathway for the production of ATP - in which oxygen is consumed as a reactant along with the organic fuel.
Peripheral proteins
peroxisome
cellular respiration
somatic cell
46. Walled cells are _____ in isotonic surroundings - where there is no tendency for water to enter.
flaccid (limp)
facilitated diffusion
chemical bonds
Peripheral proteins
47. A subatomic particle with a single negative charge; one or more electrons move around the nucleus
sodium potassium pump
phagocytosis
quantitive characters
electron
48. A membrane-enclosed bag of hydrolytic enzymes found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
lysosomes
linked genes
chromosomes
organelles
49. An increase or decrease in the density of a chemical substance in an area. Cells often maintain concentration gradients of ions across their membranes. When a gradient exists - the ions or other chemical substances involved tend to move from where th
beta (B) pleated sheet
concentration gradient
mitotic spindle
cell plate
50. A type of reproduction in which two parents give rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes inherited from the gametes of the two parents.
photon
sexual reproduction
microfilaments
cellular respiration