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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Synthesis phase of cell cycle; portion of interphase which DNA is replicated
cell plate
telomeres
S phase
chlorophyll
2. A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA - in some viruses).
genes
coenzyme
oxidation
cellulose
3. A change in a gene at a single nucleotide pair
action spectrum
point mutation
osmoregulation
energy coupling
4. A virus that infects bacteria; also called a phage. See phage.
helicase
density dependent inhibitor
bacteriophage
duchenne muscular dystropy
5. The enzyme that catalyzes the first step of the Calvin cycle (the addition of CO2 to RuBP - or ribulose bisphosphate).
complete dominance
gated channels
rubisco Ribulose carboxylase
glycogen
6. Walled cells become _____ as a result of the entry of water from a hypotonic environment.
turgid (firm)
Cytochrome
membrane potential
somatic cell
7. A phenomenon in which one gene alters the expression of another gene that is independently inherited
glycosidic linkage
mitochondria
epistasis
deletion
8. The cellular process that uses special enzymes to fix incorrectly paired nucleotides.
matter
sporophyte
mismatch repair
CAM
9. A homogeneous mixture of two or more substance (liquid)
organelles
feedback inhibition
heat
solution
10. The production of ATP by noncyclic electron flow.
pyrimidines
peroxisome
photon
noncyclic phosphorylation
11. A green pigment located within the chloroplasts of plants. Chlorophyll a can participate directly in the light reactions - which convert solar energy to chemical energy.
Oxidative Phosphorylation
specific heat
chlorophyll
prophase
12. A life cycle in which there is both a multicellular diploid form - the sporophyte - and a multicellular haploid form - the gametophyte; characteristic of plants.
alternation of generations
central vacuole
carbonyl groups
introns
13. A quantitative measure of disorder or randomness - symbolized by S.
stroma
entropy
trait
catalyst
14. Golgi appartus--> usually located near the ER a vesicle that buds from the ER will add its membrane and the contents of its lumen -cavity - to this face
fluid mosaic model
cis face
monohybrids
amniocentesis
15. The synthesis of a polypeptide using the genetic information encoded in an mRNA molecule. There is a change of 'language' from nucleotides to amino acids
translation
chloroplasts
electron
frameshift mutation
16. A storage polysaccharide in plants consisting entirely of glucose.
starch
ketone
monomer
surface tension
17. A measure of the intensity of heat in degrees reflecting molecules average kinetic energy
triplet code
catalyst
law of independent assortment
temperature
18. The cellular secretion of macromolecules by the fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane.
pH
ribosomes
heat
exocytosis
19. A type of strong chemical bond in which two atoms share one pair of valence electrons
cofactor
desmosome
covalent bonds
mitochondria
20. A substance that is dissolved in a solution
telomeres
solute
cyclic photophosphorylation
cystic fibrosis
21. A microscope that focuses an electron beam through a specimen - resulting in resolving power a thousandfold greater than that of a light microscope. A transmission electron microscope (TEM) is used to study the internal structure of thin sections of
chlorophyll A
electron microscope
frameshift mutation
triplet code
22. The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
osmosis
purines
NaD+
malignant tumor
23. Use info - from the DNA to make proteins and carry out protein synthesis
pedigree
electrogenic pumps
facilitated diffusion
ribosomes
24. A paired set of homologous chromosomes - each composed of two sister chromatids. Tetrads form during prophase I of meiosis.
tetrad
mesophyll cell
mismatch repair
ketone
25. The addition of electrons to a substance involved in a redox reaction.
polygenic inheritance
denaturation
electrogenic pump
reduction
26. A plant that prefaces the Calvin cycle with reactions that incorporate CO2 into four-carbon compounds - the end product of which supplies CO2 for the Calvin cycle.
point mutation
barr body
hydrophobic
C4 plants
27. The ability of a single gene to have multiple effects.
oxidation
free ribosomes
pleiotropy
quantitive characters
28. The division of the cytoplasm to form two seperate daughter cells after mitosis
domains
electrogenic pumps
faculative anaerobes
cytokenisis
29. The reciprocal exchange of genetic material between nonsister chromatids during synapsis of meiosis I.
aqueous solution
prometaphase
crossing over
cystic fibrosis
30. A subatomic particle with a single negative charge; one or more electrons move around the nucleus
osmoregulation
osmosis
electron
nucleic acid
31. The entire contents of the cell - exclusive of the nucleus - and bounded by the plasma membrane.
fat
wavelength
cytoplasm
selective permeability (the ability to allow some sub. to cross the plasma membrane more easily)
32. The conversion of pyruvate to carbon dioxide and ethyl alcohol.
isotopes
alcohol fermentation
primer
cotransport
33. An organelle in eukaryotic cells that serves as the site of cellular respiration.
prometaphase
mitochondria
insertion
passive transport
34. (1) A lineage of genetically identical individuals or cells. (2) In popular usage - a single individual organism that is genetically identical to another individual. (3) As a verb - to make one or more genetic replicas of an individual or cell. See a
template strand
deletion
phagocytosis
clone
35. An organelle in eukaryotic cells consisting of stacks of flat membranous sacs that modify - store - and route products of the endoplasmic reticulum.
catalyst
primary transcript
sister chromatids
golgi apparatus
36. Specialized structure in special type of RNA - ribosomal RNA - is synthesized + assembled w/ proteins imported from cytoplasm into main components of ribsomal subunits which pass nuclear portes to cytoplasm where they combine to form ribosomes
genotype
carbohydrates
nucleolus
NADP+
37. The distance between crests of waves - such as those of the electromagnetic spectrum.
centrioles
neutron
wavelength
RNA polymerase
38. A spontaneous chemical reaction in which there is a net release of free energy
genome
exergonic reaction
monosomic
cytological maps
39. Cytokenisis process; pinching of the plasma membrane; the succession of rapid cell division without growth during early embryonic development that converts the zygote into a ball of cell
chloroplast
cleavage
mitotic spindle
oxidizing agent
40. A chromosomal condition in which a particular cell has only one copy of a chromosome - instead of the normal two; the cell is said to be monosomic for that chromosome.
endocytosis
monosaccharides
electron
monosomic
41. An accident of meiosis or mitosis - in which the members of a pair of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids fail to move apart properly.
membrane potential
freeze-fracture
nondisjunction
denaturation
42. Rain - snow - or fog that is more acidic than pH 5.6.
disaccharides
metaphase
acid precipitation
replication fork
43. A metabolic sequence that breaks fatty acids down to two-carbon fragments which enter the Krebs cycle as acetyl CoA.
tonoplast
chromatin
homozygous
beta oxidation
44. A point mutation; the replacement of one nucleotide and its partner in the complementary DNA strand by another pair of nucleotides.
matter
microfilaments
base pair substitution
replication fork
45. The semifluid portion of the cytoplasm.
S phase
carotenoids
cytosol
transfer RNA
46. An organism that obtains organic food molecules without eating other organisms or substances derived from other organisms. Autotrophs use energy from the sun or from the oxidation of inorganic substances to make organic molecules from inorganic ones.
nuclease
G2 phase
punnett square
autotrophs
47. Prokaryotes cell division . Each daughter cell receives a copy of the single parental chromosome
cholesterol
binary fission
genetics
peroxisome
48. Sites of cellular respiration the catbolic process that generates ATP by extracting energy from sugars - fats + other fuels w/ oxygens help
clone
mitochondria
buffers
cell plate
49. Generate and degrade H2O2 in performing various metabolic functions transfer hydrogen from various substrates to oxygen and they produce H2O2. Use O to break fatty acids that can be sent to mitochondria
diffusion
phagocytosis
peroxisomes
cell fractionation
50. A microbody containing enzymes that transfer hydrogen from various substrates to oxygen - producing and then degrading hydrogen peroxide.
cyclic photophosphorylation
bacteriophage
peroxisome
heredity