Test your basic knowledge |

AP Biology

Subjects : science, ap, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A life cycle in which there is both a multicellular diploid form - the sporophyte - and a multicellular haploid form - the gametophyte; characteristic of plants.






2. An increase or decrease in the density of a chemical substance in an area -->substances tend to move form where there are more concentrated to where they are less concentrated






3. A coenzyme present in all cells that helps enzymes transfer electrons during the redox reactions of metabolism






4. The electron donor in a redox reaction.






5. A membrane that cloaks the capsid that in turn encloses a viral genome.






6. The synthesis of RNA on a DNA template.






7. An enzyme that untwists the double helix of DNA at the replication forks.






8. A specialized region on the centromere that links each sister chromatid to the mitotic spindle






9. Digestive compartments (macromolecules) carry out intracellular digestion . Use their hydrolytic enzymes to recycle the cell's own organic material (autophagy)






10. The splitting of glucose into pyruvate. Glycolysis is the one metabolic pathway that occurs in all living cells - serving as the starting point for fermentation or aerobic respiration






11. One of two light-harvesting units of a chloroplast's thylakoid membrane; it uses the P680 reaction-center chlorophyll.






12. A complex assembly that interacts with the ends of an RNA intron in splicing RNA - releasing the intron - and joining the two adjacent exons.






13. A type of reproduction in which two parents give rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes inherited from the gametes of the two parents.






14. The specific portion of an enzyme that attaches to the substrate by means of weak chemical bonds.






15. A homogeneous mixture of two or more substance (liquid)






16. An electrically neutral particle found in the nucleus of an atom






17. Offspring with a phenotype that matches one of the parental phenotypes.






18. A genetic map based on the frequencies of recombination between markers during crossing over of homologous chromosomes. The greater the frequency of recombination between two genetic markers - the farther apart they are assumed to be. See also geneti






19. The potential energy stored in the form of an electrochemical gradient - generated by the pumping of hydrogen ions across biological membranes during chemiosmosis.






20. The form of native DNA - referring to its two adjacent polynucleotide strands wound into a spiral shape.






21. A two stage type of cell division in sexually reproducing organims that results in cells with half the chromosomes number of the original cells






22. The control of water balance in organisms living in hypertonic - hypotonic - or terrestrial environments.






23. A property of biological membranes that allows some substances to cross more easily than others.






24. The movement of a substance across a biological membrane against its concentration or electrochemical gradient with the help of energy input and specific transport proteins.






25. Sythesis of secretory proteins (glycoproteins) specialized cells secrete proteins produced by rough ER ribosomes and membrane production






26. The enzyme that catalyzes the first step of the Calvin cycle (the addition of CO2 to RuBP - or ribulose bisphosphate).






27. A covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides by a dehydration reaction.






28. A type of endocytosis in which the cell ingests extracellular fluid and its dissolved solutes.






29. An active transport mechanism in cell membranes that consumes ATP to force hydrogen ions out of a cell and - in the process - generates a membrane potential






30. A long cellular appendage specialized for locomotion - formed from a core of nine outer doublet microtubules and two inner single microtubules - ensheathed in an extension of plasma membrane.






31. A membranous sac formed by phagocytosis.






32. Containing oxygen; referring to an organism - environment - or cellular process that requires oxygen.






33. A specialized structure in the nucleus - formed from various chromosomes and active in the synthesis of ribosomes.






34. An RNA molecule that functions as an interpreter between nucleic acid and protein language by picking up specific amino acids and recognizing the appropriate codons in the mRNA.






35. The physical and physiological traits of an organism.






36. Any nonprotein molecule or ion that is required for the proper functioning of an enzyme can be permanently bound to the active site or may bind loosely with the substrate during catalysis.






37. The union of haploid gametes to produce a diploid zygote.






38. A dense object lying along the inside of the nuclear envelope in female mammalian cells - representing an inactivated X chromosome.






39. Typically transmembrane proteins with hydrophobic regions that completely span the hydrophobic interior of the membrane.






40. A functional group present in aldehydes and ketones and consisting of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom.






41. Charts of chromosomes that locate genes with respect to chromosomal features.






42. A paired set of homologous chromosomes - each composed of two sister chromatids. Tetrads form during prophase I of meiosis.






43. A membrane-enclosed bag of hydrolytic enzymes found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.






44. That portion of the electromagnetic spectrum detected as various colors by the human eye - ranging in wavelength from about 380 nm to about 750 nm.






45. A metabolic pathway that consumes oxygen - releases carbon dioxide - generates no ATP - and decreases photosynthetic output; generally occurs on hot - dry - bright days - when stomata close and the oxygen concentration in the leaf exceeds that of car






46. Are not embedded in the lipid bilayer at all. Instead - the are loosely bound to the surface of the protein - often connected to integral proteins






47. Having an affinity to water






48. (1) The conversion of a normal animal cell to a cancerous cell. (2) A change in genotype and phenotype due to the assimilation of external DNA by a cell.






49. A dense region of DNA in a prokaryotic cell.






50. An aberration in chromosome structure resulting from an error in meiosis or from mutagens; specifically - reattachment of a chromosomal fragment to the chromosome from which the fragment originated - but in a reverse orientation.