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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Actively maintains the gradient of sodium ions (Na+) and potassium ions (K+) across the plasma membrane of animal cells . K+ concentration is low outside animal cell and high inside the cell. Na+ concentration is high outside an animal cell and low i
passive transport
proton motive force
freeze-fracture
sodium potassium pump
2. A measure of the intensity of heat in degrees reflecting molecules average kinetic energy
temperature
transformation
density dependent inhibitor
food vacuoles
3. Dissolving agent of a solution
solvent
chromatin
chlorophyll
ATP
4. An electrically neutral particle found in the nucleus of an atom
ECM function in support - adhesion - movement - and regulation (glycoproteins)
purines
neutron
law of segregration
5. A specialized molecule sharing the reaction center with the chlorophyll a molecule; it accepts an electron from the chlorophyll a molecule.
anion
primary electron acceptor
cystic fibrosis
surface tension
6. Sites where the replication of a DNA molecule begins.
introns
origins replication
missense mutations
inversion
7. The currently accepted model of cell membrane structure - which envisions the membrane as a mosaic of individually inserted protein molecules drifting laterally in a fluid bilayer of phospholipids.
fluid mosaic model
turgid (firm)
polysaccharides
cyclic electron flow
8. A measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid
osmosis
fluid mosaic model
anticodon
surface tension
9. Sequence of events in the life of a cell - from its origin in the division of a parent cell until its own division into two composed of M - G1 - S - and G2 phases
selective permeability (the ability to allow some sub. to cross the plasma membrane more easily)
anticodon
cell cycle
cytoplasm
10. A tiny membranous sac in a cell's cytoplasm carrying molecules produced by the cell.
isomers
chemical bonds
RNA splicing
transport vesicles
11. The substance in which animal tissue cells are embedded consisting of protein and polysaccharides.
desmosome
aerobic
heredity
extracellular matrix
12. A quantitative measure of disorder or randomness - symbolized by S.
coenzyme
amino acid
functional groups
entropy
13. A membrane-enclosed bag of hydrolytic enzymes found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
free energy
specific heat
lysosomes
RNA polymerase
14. Having two identical alleles for a given trait.
cytosol
chloroplast
nondisjunction
homozygous
15. One of two families of nitrogenous bases found in nucleotides. Cytosine (C) - thymine (T) - and uracil (U) are pyrimidines.
beta oxidation
pyrimidines
mesophyll cell
passive transport
16. An organelle in eukaryotic cells consisting of stacks of flat membranous sacs that modify - store - and route products of the endoplasmic reticulum.
interphase
golgi apparatus
tumor
mismatch repair
17. An ion transport protein generating voltage across the membrane.
osmosis
protein
cytosol
electrogenic pump
18. A nonspontaneous chemical reaction in which free energy is absorbed from the surroundings
reduction
trisomic
endergonic reaction
fat
19. The movement of specific molecules into a cell by the inward budding of membranous vesicles containing proteins with receptor sites specific to the molecules being taken in; enables a cell to acquire bulk quantities of specific substances.
chlorophyll A
receptor mediated endocytosis
unsaturated fatty acid
coenzyme
20. In comparing two solutions - referring to the one with a greater solute concentration.
receptor mediated endocytosis
photophosphorylation
hypertonic
extracellular matrix
21. Centralized region that joins the two sister chromatids
extracellular matrix
Cell-cell recognition
transformation
centromere
22. An acceptor that temporarily stores energized electrons produced during the light reactions.
endergonic reaction
denaturation
NADP+
electrochemical gradient
23. A coding region of a eukaryotic gene. Exons - which are expressed - are separated from each other by introns.
hybridization
exons
redox reactions
hydroxyl groups
24. A molecule that binds specifically to a receptor site of another molecule.
meiosis
Oxidative Phosphorylation
ligands
P. generation
25. A coenzyme present in all cells that helps enzymes transfer electrons during the redox reactions of metabolism
induced fit
chromatin
functional groups
NaD+
26. Unit - a region of a DNA molecule that is transcribed into an RNA molecule
transcription unit
reducing agent
noncyclic electron flow
nucleolus
27. The specific portion of an enzyme that attaches to the substrate by means of weak chemical bonds.
mRNA
active site
substrate
crossing over
28. A specific nucleotide sequence in DNA that binds RNA polymerase and indicates where to start transcribing RNA.
cyclic electron flow
glycosidic linkage
promoter
monomer
29. The ability of a cell to distinguish one type of neighboring cell from another is crucial to the functioning of an organism carbohydrates are important for this
hybridization
feedback inhibition
Cell-cell recognition
cis face
30. The protective structure at each end of a eukaryotic chromosome. Specifically - the tandemly repetitive DNA at the end of the chromosome's DNA molecule. See also repetitive DNA.
interphase
telomeres
lysosomes
active transport
31. Chromatin - nucleolus - nuclear envelope--> directs protein synthesis by synthesizing RNA (mRNA) and sending it to the cytoplasm via nuclear pores-->the mRNA is made according to instruction provided by DNA --> mRNA reaches cytoplasm ribosomes transl
nucleus
cystic fibrosis
nucleolus
chromatin
32. A membranous sac in a mature plant cell with diverse roles in reproduction - growth - and development.
Peripheral proteins
central vacuole
pinocytosis
homologous chromosomes
33. Having aversion to water tend to coalesce and form droplets of water
pinocytosis
growth factor
interphase
hydrophobic
34. A type of endocytosis involving large - particulate substances.
food vacuoles
phagocytosis
phosphate group
fatty acid
35. A type of photosynthetic cell arranged into tightly packed sheaths around the veins of a leaf.
free ribosomes
bundle sheath cell
electrogenic pump
mitotoic phase
36. A route of electron flow during the light reactions of photosynthesis that involves both photosystems and produces ATP - NADPH - and oxygen. The net electron flow is from water to NADP+.
noncyclic phosphorylation
diploid cells
noncyclic electron flow
incomplete dominance
37. A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation-reduction reaction
microtubules
homozygous
fat
redox reactions
38. Walled cells become _____ as a result of the entry of water from a hypotonic environment.
turgid (firm)
cystic fibrosis
gametes
facilitated diffusion
39. Synthesis phase of cell cycle; portion of interphase which DNA is replicated
glycogen
genes
electrochemical gradient
S phase
40. The multicellular diploid form in organisms undergoing alternation of generations that results from a union of gametes and that meiotically produces haploid spores that grow into the gametophyte generation.
sporophyte
translation
cleavage
endocytosis
41. A subatomic particle with a single negative charge; one or more electrons move around the nucleus
electron
diffusion
anticodon
solution
42. A functional group consisting of a sulfur atom bonded to a hydrogen atom (—SH).
bundle sheath cell
polyribosomes
sulfhydryl group
anion
43. The cellular secretion of macromolecules by the fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane.
cellular respiration
insertion
exocytosis
nucleolus
44. Uses energy to move solutes against their gradients; requires the cell to expend metabolic energy; enables a cell to maintain its internal concentrations of small molecules that would otherwise diffuse across he membrane ; ATP supplies the energy for
sex linked genes
active transport
capsid
freeze-fracture
45. Replicated forms of chromosomes joined together by the centromere and separated during mitosis and meiosis II
monohybrids
DNA
sister chromatids
cytosol
46. An accident of meiosis or mitosis - in which the members of a pair of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids fail to move apart properly.
telophase
nondisjunction
transformation
genome
47. Organizing the structures and activities of cells
cilia
cytoskeleton
hybridization
solute
48. A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by binding to a location remote from the active site - changing its conformation so that it no longer binds to the substrate.
noncompetitive inhibitor
Integral proteins
law of segregration
plastids
49. That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum that is free of ribosomes.
cofactor
smooth ER
bacteriophage
anaphase
50. A steroid that forms an essential component of animal cell membranes and acts as a precursor molecule for the synthesis of other biologically important steroids.
phagocytosis
mitosis
cholesterol
density dependent inhibitor
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