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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A two stage type of cell division in sexually reproducing organims that results in cells with half the chromosomes number of the original cells
chromosomes
meiosis
lagging strand
chlorophyll A
2. A double sugar - consisting of two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis.
exons
disaccharides
oxidation
sex linked genes
3. A human genetic disease caused by a sex-linked recessive allele; characterized by progressive weakening and a loss of muscle tissue.
karyotype
synapsis
duchenne muscular dystropy
diffusion
4. The production of ATP by noncyclic electron flow.
ribosomes
mismatch repair
nucleus
noncyclic phosphorylation
5. That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum that is free of ribosomes.
smooth ER
pyrimidines
codons
primer
6. The spontaneous passage of molecules and ions - bound to specific carrier proteins - across a biological membrane down their concentration gradients
noncyclic phosphorylation
RNA processing
smooth ER
facilitated diffusion
7. Specialized structure in special type of RNA - ribosomal RNA - is synthesized + assembled w/ proteins imported from cytoplasm into main components of ribsomal subunits which pass nuclear portes to cytoplasm where they combine to form ribosomes
macromolecule
actin
fat
nucleolus
8. Use info - from the DNA to make proteins and carry out protein synthesis
photon
flagella
ribosomes
voltage
9. A mutation occurring when the number of nucleotides inserted or deleted is not a multiple of three - resulting in the improper grouping of the following nucleotides into codons.
translation
reaction center
structural isomers
frameshift mutation
10. The binding together of like molecules often by hydrogen bonds
duchenne muscular dystropy
amino acid
cohesion
viral envelope
11. A measure of hydrogen ion concentration equal to -log [H+] and ranging in value from 0 to 14.
pH
facilitated diffusion
nucleic acid
duplication
12. Electrical potential energy due to the separation of opposite charges
F2 generation
voltage
kinetochore
exergonic reaction
13. An adenine-containing nucleoside triphosphate that releases free energy when its phosphate bonds are hydrolyzed. This energy is used to drive endergonic reactions in cells.
beta (B) pleated sheet
ATP
cyclic photophosphorylation
hypertonic
14. The amount of energy that reactants must absorb before a chemical reaction will start.
activation energy
amino group
gap junctions
S phase
15. A covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides by a dehydration reaction.
voltage
glycosidic linkage
crossing over
origins replication
16. The cell engulfs a particle by extending psedopodia around it and packaging it in a large vacuole
helicase
receptor mediated endocytosis
phagocytosis
transformation
17. (1) An atom's central core - containing protons and neutrons. (2) The chromosome-containing organelle of a eukaryotic cell. (3) A cluster of neurons.
lysosomes
hydrogen bond
nucleus
telophase
18. Membranes of neighboring cells are actually fused forming continuous belts around cell to prevent leakage of extracellular fluid
monomer
starch
tight junctions
primary transcript
19. A heritable feature.
phospholipid
character
law of segregration
nuclease
20. A Y-shaped region on a replicating DNA molecule where new strands are growing.
cofactor
glycosidic linkage
replication fork
phosphate group
21. A reaction in which two molecules become covalently bonded to each other through the loss of a small molecule - usually water; also called dehydration reaction.
condensation reaction
action spectrum
cotransport
osmoregulation
22. A chromosomal alteration in which the organism possesses more than two complete chromosome sets.
sulfhydryl group
hydrocarbons
polyribosomes
polyploidy
23. A metabolic sequence that breaks fatty acids down to two-carbon fragments which enter the Krebs cycle as acetyl CoA.
synapsis
beta oxidation
carbohydrates
photosystem I
24. Any substance that cannot be broken down to any other substance
heterozygous
element
exocytosis
hydroxyl groups
25. The reactant on which an enzyme works
trisomic
DNA
microfilaments
substrate
26. The electron acceptor in a redox reaction.
genetic recombination
benign tumor
oxidizing agent
origins replication
27. A type of nucleic acid consisting of nucleotide monomers with a ribose sugar and the nitrogenous bases adenine (A) - cytosine (C) - guanine (G) - and uracil (U); usually single-stranded; functions in protein synthesis and as the genome of some viruse
endoplasmic reticulum
RNA
sexual reproduction
polysaccharides
28. Protein appendages loosely bound to the surface of the membrane and not embedded in the lipid bilayer.
contractile vacuoles
codons
peripheral proteins
ATP
29. A functional group present in organic acids and consisting of a single carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom and also bonded to a hydroxyl group.
isotonic
NaD+
carboxyl group
photosystem II
30. A virus that infects bacteria; also called a phage. See phage.
cation
nucleolus
bacteriophage
carbonyl groups
31. A quantitative measure of disorder or randomness - symbolized by S.
centrioles
entropy
bacteriophage
trait
32. Uses energy to move solutes against their gradients; requires the cell to expend metabolic energy; enables a cell to maintain its internal concentrations of small molecules that would otherwise diffuse across he membrane ; ATP supplies the energy for
active transport
prokaryotic cell
nuclear lamina
quantitive characters
33. An organism that obtains organic food molecules by eating other organisms or their by-products.
haploid cells
activation energy
heterotrophs
specific heat
34. A membrane that encloses the central vacuole in a plant cell - separating the cytosol from the cell sap
tonoplast
mitotoic phase
electrochemical gradient
RNA polymerase
35. A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation-reduction reaction
redox reactions
heterotrophs
frameshift mutation
monohybrids
36. A short cellular appendage specialized for locomotion - formed from a core of nine outer doublet microtubules and two inner single microtubules ensheathed in an extension of plasma membrane.
cilia
gap junctions
mismatch repair
enantiomers
37. A homogeneous mixture of two or more substance (liquid)
fluid mosaic model
solution
quantitive characters
disaccharides
38. A tiny membranous sac in a cell's cytoplasm carrying molecules produced by the cell.
heredity
proton
asexual reproduction
transport vesicles
39. An assemblage of microtubules and associated proteins that is involved in the movements of chromosomes during mitosis
gametophyte
aquaporins(water channel)
centrioles
mitotic spindle
40. A measure of the intensity of heat in degrees reflecting molecules average kinetic energy
diploid cells
geometric isomers
cristae (plural - cristae)
temperature
41. Sex cells (haploid cells; egg or sperm) unite to form a diploid zygote
carbohydrates
incomplete dominance
gametes
tight junctions
42. A protein that must be present in the extracellular environment for the growth and normal development of certain types of cells
growth factor
cotransport
electronegativity
free energy
43. The physical and physiological traits of an organism.
ribosomal RNA
NaD+
sulfhydryl group
phenotype
44. The fifth and final subphase of mitosis in which daughter nuclei are forming and cytokenisis actually begins
photophosphorylation
telophase
valence electrons
deletion
45. A route of electron flow during the light reactions of photosynthesis that involves only photosystem I and that produces ATP but not NADPH or oxygen
mitochondria
homologous chromosomes
cyclic electron flow
monomer
46. A three-nucleotide sequence of DNA or mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid or termination signal; the basic unit of the genetic code.
homologous chromosomes
codons
absorption spectrum
cyclin
47. Are not embedded in the lipid bilayer at all. Instead - the are loosely bound to the surface of the protein - often connected to integral proteins
krebs Cycle
growth factor
epistasis
Peripheral proteins
48. One of several formed bodies with specialized functions - suspended in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
redox reactions
codominance
organelles
acid precipitation
49. The tendency of molecules of any substance to spread out in the available space it is driven by intrinsic kinetic energy (thermal motion or heat) of molecules
insertion
cristae (plural - cristae)
diffusion
free ribosomes
50. An organic molecule possessing both carboxyl and amino groups. Amino acids serve as the monomers of proteins.
aldehyde
free energy
carotenoids
amino acid