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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The protein shell that encloses a viral genome. It may be rod-shaped - polyhedral - or more complete in shape.
P. generation
capsid
unsaturated fatty acid
genome
2. A change in a gene at a single nucleotide pair
freeze-fracture
centrosomes
point mutation
duchenne muscular dystropy
3. A membranous sac formed by phagocytosis.
polyploidy
trans face
food vacuoles
proton pump
4. 1. Transport of specific solutes into or out of cells. 2. Enzymatic activity - sometimes catalyzing one of a number of steps of a metabolic pathway 3. Signal transduction - relaying hormonal messages to the cell. 4. Cell-cell recognition - allowing o
calvin cycle
recessive allele
functions of the proteins
element
5. Total amount of kinetic energy due to molecular motion in a body of matter. It is energy in most random form
binary fission
heat
golgi apparatus
1st law of thermodynamics
6. A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by binding to a location remote from the active site - changing its conformation so that it no longer binds to the substrate.
telomeres
monosomic
NADP+
noncompetitive inhibitor
7. An extensively branched glucose storage polysaccharide found in the liver and muscle of animals; the animal equivalent of starch.
nondisjunction
glycogen
transport vesicles
transcription unit
8. An aberration in chromosome structure resulting from an error in meiosis or from mutagens; specifically - reattachment of a chromosomal fragment to the chromosome from which the fragment originated - but in a reverse orientation.
Integral proteins
haploid cells
RNA processing
inversion
9. Proteins that facilitate the amount of diffusion)A transport protein in the plasma membrane of a plant or animal cell that specifically facilitates the diffusion of water across the membrane (osmosis).
steroids
replication fork
thylakoids
aquaporins(water channel)
10. The new continuous complementary DNA strand synthesized along the template strand in the mandatory 5' 3' direction.
leading strand
peroxisomes
trace elements
nucleolus
11. The most common type of mutation - a base-pair substitution in which the new codon makes sense in that it still codes for an amino acid.
centrosome
epistasis
incomplete dominance
missense mutations
12. Prokaryotes cell division . Each daughter cell receives a copy of the single parental chromosome
tight junctions
binary fission
integral proteins
absorption spectrum
13. A type of photosynthetic cell arranged into tightly packed sheaths around the veins of a leaf.
centrosome
duplication
bundle sheath cell
monomer
14. A specific nucleotide sequence in DNA that binds RNA polymerase and indicates where to start transcribing RNA.
cyclic photophosphorylation
parental types
promoter
transcription
15. Voltage across a membrane. ranges from -50 to -200 millivolts. inside of cell negative compared to the outside
tonoplast
catalyst
membrane potential
entropy
16. Replicated forms of chromosomes joined together by the centromere and separated during mitosis and meiosis II
cyclic photophosphorylation
extracellular matrix
action spectrum
sister chromatids
17. (1) The study of energy transformations that occur in a collection of matter. See first law of thermodynamics and second law of thermodynamics. (2) A phenomenon in which external DNA is taken up by a cell and functions there.
G2 phase
frameshift mutation
meiosis
thermodynamics
18. A double membrane across the midline of a dividing plant cell between which the new cell wall forms during cytokenisis
codons
cell plate
Cell-cell recognition
temperature
19. A cell containing two sets of chromosomes (2n) - one set inherited from each parent.
diploid cells
competitive inhibitor
collagen
point mutation
20. A subatomic particle with single positive charge found in nucleus of an atom
isomers
C3 plants
osmosis
proton
21. The spontaneous tendency of a substance to move down its concentration gradient from a more concentrated to a less concentrated area.
diffusion
insertion
Cytochrome
transcription
22. A diagram used in the study of inheritance to show the results of random fertilization.
glycosidic linkage
punnett square
chloroplasts
electrochemical gradient
23. The amount of heat that must be absorbed lost for one gram of a substance to change its temperature by one degree
aqueous solution
specific heat
primary electron acceptor
incomplete dominance
24. A three-dimensional biological polymer constructed from a set of 20 different monomers called amino acids.
chiasmata
Rough ER
fermentation
protein
25. A mass of abnormal cells within otherwise normal tissue - caused by the uncontrolled growth of a transformed cell
tumor
active transport
cell cycle control system
polymer
26. The complex of DNA and proteins that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome. When the cell is not dividing -exists as a mass of very long - thin fibers that are not visible with a light microscope.
feedback inhibition
chromatin
linkage map
action spectrum
27. Sites where the replication of a DNA molecule begins.
alcohol fermentation
transfer RNA
origins replication
Rough ER
28. A noncoding - intervening sequence within a eukaryotic gene.
smooth ER
chromosomes
introns
fluid mosaic model
29. The coupling of the 'downhill' diffusion of one substance to the 'uphill' transport of another against its own concentration gradient.
nucleic acid
cotransport
dehydration reaction
proton pump
30. An organic molecule with a carbonyl group located at the end of the carbon skeleton.
voltage
character
translation
aldehyde
31. Golgi appartus--> usually located near the ER a vesicle that buds from the ER will add its membrane and the contents of its lumen -cavity - to this face
covalent bonds
ribosomes
noncyclic electron flow
cis face
32. An organism that makes ATP by aerobic respiration if oxygen is present but that switches to fermentation under anaerobic conditions.
faculative anaerobes
carbohydrates
plasmolysis
anaerobic
33. The diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane
trait
passive transport
ATP
photosystem II
34. (1) The conversion of a normal animal cell to a cancerous cell. (2) A change in genotype and phenotype due to the assimilation of external DNA by a cell.
reaction center
transformation
nucleolus
duchenne muscular dystropy
35. (1) A deficiency in a chromosome resulting from the loss of a fragment through breakage. (2) A mutational loss of one or more nucleotide pairs from a gene.
amphipathic molecules
denaturation
deletion
nucleus
36. The physical and physiological traits of an organism.
phenotype
RNA processing
macromolecule
covalent bonds
37. An accident of meiosis or mitosis - in which the members of a pair of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids fail to move apart properly.
karyotype
nondisjunction
flaccid (limp)
nucleus
38. The distance between crests of waves - such as those of the electromagnetic spectrum.
wavelength
inversion
electrogenic pump
primary transcript
39. An initial RNA transcript; also called pre-mRNA.
covalent bonds
nuclear lamina
induced fit
primary transcript
40. A solution in which water is the solvent
aqueous solution
anion
exons
diploid cells
41. Provide cytoplasmic channels between adjacent animal cells
specific heat
cyclin
golgi apparatus
gap junctions
42. The mating - or crossing - of two varieties.
leading strand
polysaccharides
Rough ER
hybridization
43. The transmission of traits from one generation to the next.
heredity
transformation
gated channels
primary electron acceptor
44. Having an affinity to water
hydrophilic
isotonic
redox reactions
codominance
45. A route of electron flow during the light reactions of photosynthesis that involves only photosystem I and that produces ATP but not NADPH or oxygen
cell wall
purines
G2 phase
cyclic electron flow
46. The attraction between different kinds of molecules
Cytochrome
adhesion
F2 generation
fatty acid
47. Attached to outside of ER or nuclear envelope- proteins that are destined for insertion into membranes or packaging certain organelles (ex: lysosome)
S phase
autotrophs
bound ribosomes
gated channels
48. A short cellular appendage specialized for locomotion - formed from a core of nine outer doublet microtubules and two inner single microtubules ensheathed in an extension of plasma membrane.
cilia
aldehyde
voltage
cytoskeleton
49. A type of inheritance in which the phenotypes of the heterozygote and dominant homozygote are indistinguishable.
complete dominance
Cell-cell recognition
CAM
fat
50. A heritable feature in a population that varies continuously as a result of environmental influences and the additive effect of two or more genes (polygenic inheritance).
cation
lysosomes
osmosis
quantitive characters