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AP Biology

Subjects : science, ap, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A taxonomic category above the kingdom level. The three domains are Archaea - Bacteria - and Eukarya.






2. Anchorage of nucleus and certain other organelles - formation of nuclear lamina






3. Nuclear division process; prophase - prometaphase - metaphase - anaphase - and telophse






4. A substance that is dissolved in a solution






5. A nonspontaneous chemical reaction in which free energy is absorbed from the surroundings






6. The movement of a substance across a biological membrane against its concentration or electrochemical gradient with the help of energy input and specific transport proteins.






7. A chemical process that lyses - or splits - molecules by the addition of water; an essential process in digestion.






8. A chemical cycle involving eight steps that completes the metabolic breakdown of glucose molecules to carbon dioxide; occurs within the mitochondrion; the second major stage in cellular respiration.






9. The potential energy stored in the form of an electrochemical gradient - generated by the pumping of hydrogen ions across biological membranes during chemiosmosis.






10. Organizing the structures and activities of cells






11. A molecule that is a constituent of the inner bilayer of biological membranes - having a polar - hydrophilic head and a nonpolar - hydrophobic tail.






12. A Y-shaped region on a replicating DNA molecule where new strands are growing.






13. Any factor that has a greater impact on a population as the population increases






14. Amphipathic molecules have both hydrophobic regions and hydrophilic regions <phospholipids>.






15. A chemical agent that changes the rate of a reaction without being consumed by the reaction.






16. The generation-to-generation sequence of stages in the reproductive history of an organism.






17. An organic molecule possessing both carboxyl and amino groups. Amino acids serve as the monomers of proteins.






18. The spread of cancer to locations distant form original site






19. An additive effect of two or more gene loci on a single phenotypic character.






20. The protective structure at each end of a eukaryotic chromosome. Specifically - the tandemly repetitive DNA at the end of the chromosome's DNA molecule. See also repetitive DNA.






21. The second subphase of mitosis - in which discrete chromosomes consisting of identical sister chromatids appear - the nuclear envelope fragments - and the spindle microtubules attach to the kinetochores of the chromosomes.






22. A long cellular appendage specialized for locomotion - formed from a core of nine outer doublet microtubules and two inner single microtubules - ensheathed in an extension of plasma membrane.






23. A loosely arranged photosynthetic cell located between the bundle sheath and the leaf surface.






24. Organization of DNA and proteins into fibrous material






25. ATP can power active transport by transferring a phosphate group from ATP to the transport protein. This may induce a conformation change in the transport proteins translocating the solute across the membrane






26. The generation of ATP by cyclic electron flow.






27. An organic molecule consisting only of carbon and hydrogen.






28. Use info - from the DNA to make proteins and carry out protein synthesis






29. A noncoding - intervening sequence within a eukaryotic gene.






30. A netlike array of protein filaments that maintains the shape of the nucleus.






31. A fatty acid possessing one or more double bonds between the carbons in the hydrocarbon tail. Such bonding reduces the number of hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon skeleton.






32. A specialized base triplet at one end of a tRNA molecule that recognizes a particular complementary codon on an mRNA molecule.






33. An enzyme that links together the growing chain of ribonucleotides during transcription.






34. A membranous sac formed by phagocytosis.






35. A machine that spins test tubes at the fastest speeds to separate liquids and particles of different densities.






36. The control of water balance in organisms living in hypertonic - hypotonic - or terrestrial environments.






37. An increase or decrease in the density of a chemical substance in an area -->substances tend to move form where there are more concentrated to where they are less concentrated






38. A green pigment located within the chloroplasts of plants. Chlorophyll a can participate directly in the light reactions - which convert solar energy to chemical energy.






39. The amount of energy that reactants must absorb before a chemical reaction will start.






40. The attraction between different kinds of molecules






41. The conversion of a normal animal cell to a cancerous cell.






42. A heritable feature.






43. Actin (tension bearing elements ) muscle contraction






44. A non dividing face of the cell cycle consisting of the portion of interphase before DNA synthesis begins






45. Golgi apparatus--> gives rise to vesicles which pinch off and travel to other sites






46. The steps in photosynthesis that occur on the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast and that convert solar energy to the chemical energy of ATP and NADPH - evolving oxygen in the process.






47. A type of inheritance in which the phenotypes of the heterozygote and dominant homozygote are indistinguishable.






48. Phase of cell cycle that includes mitosis and cytokenisis






49. Total amount of kinetic energy due to molecular motion in a body of matter. It is energy in most random form






50. Network of membrane sacs and tubes; active in membrane synthesis and other synthetic and metabolic processes