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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Any factor that has a greater impact on a population as the population increases
density dependent inhibitor
gametes
phagocytosis
growth factor
2. A type of strong chemical bond in which two atoms share one pair of valence electrons
trans face
functions of the proteins
covalent bonds
diploid cells
3. An ion transport protein generating voltage across the membrane.
sickle cell anemia
electrogenic pump
lysosomes
integral proteins
4. The passive transport of water; diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane; the direction of osmosis is determined only by a difference in total solute concentration ; the kind of solutes in the solution do not matter
tetrad
nucleolus
osmosis
chlorophyll B
5. A tiny membranous sac in a cell's cytoplasm carrying molecules produced by the cell.
hydrogen bond
oxidation
transport vesicles
nucleic acid
6. The second growth face of the cell cycle consisting of the portion of interphase after DNA synthesis occurs
peroxisome
enantiomers
point mutation
G2 phase
7. A protective layer external to the plasma membrane in plant cells - bacteria - fungi - and some protists. In plant cells - the wall is formed of cellulose fibers embedded in a polysaccharide-protein matrix. The primary cell wall is thin and flexible
aqueous solution
endocytosis
heat
cell wall
8. The tendency of molecules of any substance to spread out in the available space it is driven by intrinsic kinetic energy (thermal motion or heat) of molecules
phospholipid
diffusion
meiosis
krebs Cycle
9. Generate and degrade H2O2 in performing various metabolic functions transfer hydrogen from various substrates to oxygen and they produce H2O2. Use O to break fatty acids that can be sent to mitochondria
reducing agent
barr body
peroxisomes
hydrogen bond
10. A functional group consisting of a hydrogen atom joined to an oxygen atom by a polar covalent bond. Molecules possessing this group are soluble in water and are called alcohols.
variation
hydroxyl groups
dominant allele
ribosomal RNA
11. The fluid of the chloroplast surrounding the thylakoid membrane; involved in the synthesis of organic molecules from carbon dioxide and water.
hypotonic
genetic recombination
centrosomes
stroma
12. A double membrane across the midline of a dividing plant cell between which the new cell wall forms during cytokenisis
solvent
central vacuole
gap junctions
cell plate
13. Mendel's second law - stating that each allele pair segregates independently during gamete formation; applies when genes for two characteristics are located on different pairs of homologous chromosomes.
ultra centrifuges
law of independent assortment
osmoregulation
hydroxyl groups
14. A specialized base triplet at one end of a tRNA molecule that recognizes a particular complementary codon on an mRNA molecule.
law of independent assortment
anticodon
trans face
protein
15. The ability of a cell to distinguish one type of neighboring cell from another is crucial to the functioning of an organism carbohydrates are important for this
Rough ER
prometaphase
aerobic
Cell-cell recognition
16. The spread of cancer to locations distant form original site
cytoplasm
geometric isomers
promoter
metastasis
17. One of a family of closely related plant organelles - including chloroplasts - chromoplasts - and amyloplasts (leucoplasts).
plastids
oxidation
ATP
visible light
18. Actin (tension bearing elements ) muscle contraction
nondisjunction
nuclease
microfilaments
central vacuole
19. The diffusion gradient of an ion - representing a type of potential energy that accounts for both the concentration difference of the ion across a membrane and its tendency to move relative to the membrane potential.
primary transcript
electrochemical gradient
plasmolysis
centromere
20. Specialized structure in special type of RNA - ribosomal RNA - is synthesized + assembled w/ proteins imported from cytoplasm into main components of ribsomal subunits which pass nuclear portes to cytoplasm where they combine to form ribosomes
amniocentesis
nucleolus
geometric isomers
cytological maps
21. The distance between crests of waves - such as those of the electromagnetic spectrum.
acid
cation
wavelength
Rough ER
22. A dense region of DNA in a prokaryotic cell.
nucleoid
membrane potential
trans face
homologous chromosomes
23. The enzyme that catalyzes the first step of the Calvin cycle (the addition of CO2 to RuBP - or ribulose bisphosphate).
photosystem I
carbonyl groups
rubisco Ribulose carboxylase
cleavage
24. A chemical agent that changes the rate of a reaction without being consumed by the reaction.
membrane potential
cell cycle control system
catalyst
concentration gradient
25. The formation of ATP by directly transferring a phosphate group to ADP from an intermediate substrate in catabolism.
barr body
alternation of generations
Substrate-Level Phosphorylation
hydrolysis
26. Total amount of kinetic energy due to molecular motion in a body of matter. It is energy in most random form
heat
cell wall
Cell-cell recognition
mitochondria
27. Special transport proteins that generate the voltage gradient across a membrane an example is the Na+-K+ pump restores the electrochemical gradient not only by the active transport of Na+ and K+ setting up a concentration gradien but because it pumps
cystic fibrosis
phagocytosis
electrogenic pumps
rough ER
28. The membrane at the boundary of every cell that acts as a selective barrier - thereby regulating the cell's chemical composition.
facilitated diffusion
thermodynamics
fatty acid
plasma membrane
29. An increase or decrease in the density of a chemical substance in an area -->substances tend to move form where there are more concentrated to where they are less concentrated
electronegativity
intermediate filaments
concentration gradient
peroxisome
30. Uses energy to move solutes against their gradients; requires the cell to expend metabolic energy; enables a cell to maintain its internal concentrations of small molecules that would otherwise diffuse across he membrane ; ATP supplies the energy for
active transport
spectrophotometer
matter
cell plate
31. A human genetic disease caused by a sex-linked recessive allele; characterized by progressive weakening and a loss of muscle tissue.
duchenne muscular dystropy
centromere
oxidation
covalent bonds
32. An aberration in chromosome structure resulting from an error in meiosis or mutagens; duplication of a portion of a chromosome resulting from fusion with a fragment from a homologous chromosome.
integral proteins
bundle sheath cell
duplication
element
33. The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
prometaphase
G0 phase
cellular respiration
osmosis
34. A double sugar - consisting of two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis.
disaccharides
anion
chemical bonds
benign tumor
35. Use info - from the DNA to make proteins and carry out protein synthesis
ribosomes
active site
electron
G1 phase
36. A complex assembly that interacts with the ends of an RNA intron in splicing RNA - releasing the intron - and joining the two adjacent exons.
trans face
spliceosome
photorespiration
sexual reproduction
37. An enzyme that untwists the double helix of DNA at the replication forks.
G2 phase
prophase
helicase
monohybrids
38. A specific configuration of atoms commonly attached to the carbon skeletons of organic molecules and usually involved in chemical reactions.
glycoproteins
functional groups
chromosomes
benign tumor
39. A family tree describing the occurrence of heritable characters in parents and offspring across as many generations as possible.
atom
pedigree
cyclic photophosphorylation
point mutation
40. The form of native DNA - referring to its two adjacent polynucleotide strands wound into a spiral shape.
calvin cycle
lysosomes
double helix
matter
41. The diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane
nondisjunction
homologous chromosomes
chromatin
passive transport
42. A cell containing two sets of chromosomes (2n) - one set inherited from each parent.
pedigree
diploid cells
cotransport
genetics
43. Sites where the replication of a DNA molecule begins.
origins replication
trace elements
Cell-cell recognition
nucleus
44. A microscope that focuses an electron beam through a specimen - resulting in resolving power a thousandfold greater than that of a light microscope. A transmission electron microscope (TEM) is used to study the internal structure of thin sections of
electron microscope
primer
temperature
gated channels
45. A single ATP powered pump that transports one solute can indirectly drive the active transport of several other solutes in this mechanism as the solute that has been actively transported diffuses back passively through a transport protein its movemen
cotransport
sex linked genes
golgi apparatus
microtubules
46. A set of three-nucleotide-long words that specify the amino acids for polypeptide chains.
cellulose
fatty acid
hydrolysis
triplet code
47. An ion with a positive charge produced by the loss of one or more electrons
plasmolysis
cation
photorespiration
acid
48. Electrical potential energy due to the separation of opposite charges
polyploidy
mismatch repair
voltage
deletion
49. The cellular secretion of macromolecules by the fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane.
selective permeability (the ability to allow some sub. to cross the plasma membrane more easily)
exocytosis
freeze-fracture
linked genes
50. The scientific study of heredity and hereditary variation.
polar covalent bonds
steroids
genetics
thylakoids
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