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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A specific receptor site on some part of an enzyme molecule remote from the active site.
allosteric site
trans face
buffers
G2 phase
2. Maintenance of cell shape (compression resisting girders) cell motility organelle and chromosome movement
hydroxyl groups
duchenne muscular dystropy
photosystem I
microtubules
3. The diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane
surface tension
passive transport
fertilization
metaphase
4. A spontaneous chemical reaction in which there is a net release of free energy
linked genes
incomplete dominance
somatic cells
exergonic reaction
5. The second subphase of mitosis - in which discrete chromosomes consisting of identical sister chromatids appear - the nuclear envelope fragments - and the spindle microtubules attach to the kinetochores of the chromosomes.
pinocytosis
prometaphase
frameshift mutation
benign tumor
6. In comparing two solutions - the one with a lower solute concentration.
binary fission
aqueous solution
hypotonic
surface tension
7. A diagram used in the study of inheritance to show the results of random fertilization.
light reactions
nucleoid
punnett square
neutron
8. Penetrate the hydrophobic core of the lipid bilayer - often completely spanning the membrane (as transmembrane proteins).
capsid
transfer RNA
interphase
Integral proteins
9. The most abundant type of RNA - which together with proteins - forms the structure of ribosomes. Ribosomes coordinate the sequential coupling of tRNA molecules to mRNA codons.
ribosomal RNA
aerobic
mRNA
origins replication
10. The ability of a single gene to have multiple effects.
heredity
duplication
pleiotropy
gated channels
11. A long carbon chain carboxylic acid. vary in length and in the number and location of double bonds; three fatty acids linked to a glycerol molecule form fat.
osmosis
hydrogen bond
competitive inhibitor
fatty acid
12. A virus that infects bacteria; also called a phage. See phage.
Cytochrome
asexual reproduction
bacteriophage
golgi apparatus
13. An organic molecule with a carbonyl group located at the end of the carbon skeleton.
noncyclic electron flow
insertion
aldehyde
structural isomers
14. A plant that uses crassulacean acid metabolism - an adaptation for photosynthesis in arid conditions - first discovered in the family Crassulaceae. Carbon dioxide entering open stomata during the night is converted into organic acids - which release
gametes
endoplasmic reticulum
ligands
CAM
15. A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by entering the active site in place of the substrate whose structure it mimics.
polymer
chiasmata
competitive inhibitor
chlorophyll B
16. An increase or decrease in the density of a chemical substance in an area -->substances tend to move form where there are more concentrated to where they are less concentrated
gated channels
heat
benign tumor
concentration gradient
17. The form of native DNA - referring to its two adjacent polynucleotide strands wound into a spiral shape.
polyploidy
hypertonic
hydrophobic
double helix
18. A life cycle in which there is both a multicellular diploid form - the sporophyte - and a multicellular haploid form - the gametophyte; characteristic of plants.
alternation of generations
Cytochrome
oxidizing agent
chemical bonds
19. A change in a gene at a single nucleotide pair
point mutation
chloroplast
duchenne muscular dystropy
base
20. Mendel's first law - stating that allele pairs separate during gamete formation - and then randomly re-form as pairs during the fusion of gametes at fertilization.
law of segregration
fatty acid
RNA polymerase
thermodynamics
21. A chemical cycle involving eight steps that completes the metabolic breakdown of glucose molecules to carbon dioxide; occurs within the mitochondrion; the second major stage in cellular respiration.
protein
base
krebs Cycle
terminator
22. The pairing of replicated homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis.
primer
G0 phase
synapsis
chlorophyll B
23. A cell containing two sets of chromosomes (2n) - one set inherited from each parent.
phagocytosis
diploid cells
base
passive transport
24. A measure of hydrogen ion concentration equal to -log [H+] and ranging in value from 0 to 14.
pH
catalyst
inversion
thermodynamics
25. The passive transport of water; diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane; the direction of osmosis is determined only by a difference in total solute concentration ; the kind of solutes in the solution do not matter
glycosidic linkage
diploid cells
osmosis
hydrocarbons
26. Sythesis of secretory proteins (glycoproteins) specialized cells secrete proteins produced by rough ER ribosomes and membrane production
mitochondria
gametes
facilitated diffusion
rough ER
27. An instrument that measures the proportions of light of different wavelengths absorbed and transmitted by a pigment solution.
G2 phase
Peripheral proteins
spectrophotometer
microtubules
28. The cellular uptake of macromolecules and particulate substances by localized regions of the plasma membrane that surround the substance and pinch off to form an intracellular vesicle.
endocytosis
hydrocarbons
gametes
diffusion
29. A double sugar - consisting of two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis.
disaccharides
valence electrons
spectrophotometer
monosomic
30. Reproduction of cells
cell division
fluid mosaic model
redox reactions
nondisjunction
31. A double membrane across the midline of a dividing plant cell between which the new cell wall forms during cytokenisis
chromatin
peroxisomes
cell plate
amino acid
32. A noncoding - intervening sequence within a eukaryotic gene.
cytosol
spliceosome
lagging strand
introns
33. A negatively charged ion
anion
frameshift mutation
electrochemical gradient
S phase
34. Golgi apparatus--> gives rise to vesicles which pinch off and travel to other sites
hemophilia
trans face
electronegativity
introns
35. A heritable feature.
wild type
character
C4 plants
plastids
36. A nonspontaneous chemical reaction in which free energy is absorbed from the surroundings
ribosomes
noncyclic electron flow
endergonic reaction
metastasis
37. The mating - or crossing - of two varieties.
transcription
extracellular matrix
aqueous solution
hybridization
38. A molecule that is a constituent of the inner bilayer of biological membranes - having a polar - hydrophilic head and a nonpolar - hydrophobic tail.
exocytosis
phospholipid
free energy
cohesion
39. 1. Transport of specific solutes into or out of cells. 2. Enzymatic activity - sometimes catalyzing one of a number of steps of a metabolic pathway 3. Signal transduction - relaying hormonal messages to the cell. 4. Cell-cell recognition - allowing o
functions of the proteins
neutron
inversion
energy coupling
40. Splits a membrane along the middle of the phospholipid bilayer. When a freeze-fracture preparation is viewed with an electron microscope - protein particles are interspersed in a smooth matrix - supporting the fluid mosaic model.
solution
meiosis
capsid
freeze-fracture
41. Unit - a region of a DNA molecule that is transcribed into an RNA molecule
reduction
transcription unit
ultra centrifuges
gated channels
42. Actin (tension bearing elements ) muscle contraction
microfilaments
centrioles
cellulose
cell fractionation
43. The entry compound for the Krebs cycle in cellular respiration; formed from a fragment of pyruvate attached to a coenzyme.
clone
Acetyl CoA
cell plate
oxidizing agent
44. A stacked portion of the thylakoid membrane in the chloroplast. Grana function in the light reactions of photosynthesis
neutron
transfer RNA
grana
oxidizing agent
45. The scientific study of heredity and hereditary variation.
genetics
active site
active transport
photophosphorylation
46. The first subphase of mitosis in which the chromatin is condensing and the mitotic spindle begins to form but the nucleolus and nucleus are still in intact
rough ER
prophase
free energy
cytoskeleton
47. Sites where the replication of a DNA molecule begins.
centrosome
phospholipids
origins replication
concentration gradient
48. An organism that obtains organic food molecules by eating other organisms or their by-products.
RNA
organic chemistry
transformation
heterotrophs
49. A discontinuously synthesized DNA strand that elongates in a direction away from the replication fork.
active site
hybridization
lagging strand
tetrad
50. (1) A deficiency in a chromosome resulting from the loss of a fragment through breakage. (2) A mutational loss of one or more nucleotide pairs from a gene.
beta oxidation
deletion
cytoplasm
feedback inhibition