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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A type of blue-green photosynthetic pigment that participates directly in the light reactions.
nucleoid
RNA polymerase
chlorophyll A
phenotype
2. An organic compound with a carbonyl group of which the carbon atom is bonded to two other carbons.
ketone
photorespiration
monohybrids
mitochondria
3. One of the pair of chromosomes responsible for determining the sex of an individual
sex chromosomes
solution
G0 phase
polysaccharides
4. The form of native DNA - referring to its two adjacent polynucleotide strands wound into a spiral shape.
epistasis
kinetochore
endoplasmic reticulum
double helix
5. A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule.
microfilaments
dehydration reaction
endoplasmic reticulum
hybridization
6. A long cellular appendage specialized for locomotion - formed from a core of nine outer doublet microtubules and two inner single microtubules - ensheathed in an extension of plasma membrane.
Oxidative Phosphorylation
passive transport
enantiomers
flagella
7. Any substance that cannot be broken down to any other substance
element
interphase
lysosomes
photon
8. A type of inheritance in which the phenotypes of the heterozygote and dominant homozygote are indistinguishable.
wavelength
bundle sheath cell
complete dominance
nucleolus
9. Electrical potential energy due to the separation of opposite charges
ECM function in support - adhesion - movement - and regulation (glycoproteins)
gametes
triplet code
voltage
10. A measure of hydrogen ion concentration equal to -log [H+] and ranging in value from 0 to 14.
gap junctions
pH
cis face
RNA splicing
11. Splits a membrane along the middle of the phospholipid bilayer. When a freeze-fracture preparation is viewed with an electron microscope - protein particles are interspersed in a smooth matrix - supporting the fluid mosaic model.
freeze-fracture
gated channels
glycolysis
mitotic spindle
12. Smallest unit of matter that retains property of an element
atom
microfilaments
nucleolus
light reactions
13. An instrument that measures the proportions of light of different wavelengths absorbed and transmitted by a pigment solution.
spectrophotometer
template strand
duchenne muscular dystropy
amniocentesis
14. A change in a gene at a single nucleotide pair
stroma
Peripheral proteins
point mutation
centrosome
15. A plant that prefaces the Calvin cycle with reactions that incorporate CO2 into four-carbon compounds - the end product of which supplies CO2 for the Calvin cycle.
C4 plants
punnett square
concentration gradient
prokaryotic cell
16. A membrane that cloaks the capsid that in turn encloses a viral genome.
parental types
centrioles
viral envelope
origins replication
17. A special transport protein in the plasma membrane of animal cells that transports sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell against their concentration gradients.
sodium potassium pump
trans face
haploid cells
chromatin
18. A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by binding to a location remote from the active site - changing its conformation so that it no longer binds to the substrate.
compound
quantitive characters
proton pump
noncompetitive inhibitor
19. Anything takes up space and has mass
matter
nuclear lamina
nuclear envelope
monohybrids
20. Typically transmembrane proteins with hydrophobic regions that completely span the hydrophobic interior of the membrane.
geometric isomers
integral proteins
electrochemical gradient
cytoplasm
21. A diagram used in the study of inheritance to show the results of random fertilization.
nucleic acid
punnett square
homologous chromosomes
cyclic photophosphorylation
22. A storage polysaccharide in plants consisting entirely of glucose.
free ribosomes
lagging strand
starch
flaccid (limp)
23. Drive the diffusion of ions across a membrane 1. chemical force based on an ions concentration gradient. 2. the other is an electrical force based on the effect of the membrane potential on the ion's movement ion diffuses down its electrochemical gra
pyrimidines
noncyclic electron flow
triplet code
electrochemical gradient
24. A life cycle in which there is both a multicellular diploid form - the sporophyte - and a multicellular haploid form - the gametophyte; characteristic of plants.
cytoskeleton
trisomic
P. generation
alternation of generations
25. An organism that makes ATP by aerobic respiration if oxygen is present but that switches to fermentation under anaerobic conditions.
peroxisome
peroxisomes
faculative anaerobes
phospholipid
26. The complex of DNA and proteins that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome. When the cell is not dividing -exists as a mass of very long - thin fibers that are not visible with a light microscope.
denaturation
chromatin
centromere
G0 phase
27. A type of photosynthetic cell arranged into tightly packed sheaths around the veins of a leaf.
smooth ER
bundle sheath cell
point mutation
element
28. An organic molecule serving as a cofactor. Most vitamins function in important metabolic reactions.
reaction center
flaccid (limp)
ligands
coenzyme
29. In cellular metabolism - the use of energy released from an exergonic reaction to drive an endergonic reaction.
chloroplast
energy coupling
peroxisome
smooth ER
30. A chemical or physical agent that interacts with DNA and causes a mutation.
stroma
mutagens
glycoproteins
quantitive characters
31. A route of electron flow during the light reactions of photosynthesis that involves only photosystem I and that produces ATP but not NADPH or oxygen
gap junctions
ribosomes
cyclic electron flow
photosystem II
32. That portion of the electromagnetic spectrum detected as various colors by the human eye - ranging in wavelength from about 380 nm to about 750 nm.
golgi apparatus
reaction center
plasmolysis
visible light
33. Mendel's second law - stating that each allele pair segregates independently during gamete formation; applies when genes for two characteristics are located on different pairs of homologous chromosomes.
nucleus
hydrophilic
law of independent assortment
pinocytosis
34. The principle whereby every energy transfer or transformation increases the entropy of the universe. Ordered forms of energy are at least partly converted to heat - and in spontaneous reactions - the free energy of the system also decreases.
wavelength
enantiomers
2nd law of thermodynamics
cellular respiration
35. Suspended in cytosol which will function in cytosol (ex:enzymes)
steroids
free ribosomes
krebs Cycle
genetics
36. The coupling of the 'downhill' diffusion of one substance to the 'uphill' transport of another against its own concentration gradient.
cotransport
cell wall
chlorophyll
proton pump
37. A molecule that is a constituent of the inner bilayer of biological membranes - having a polar - hydrophilic head and a nonpolar - hydrophobic tail.
phospholipids
tetrad
leading strand
G2 phase
38. A steroid that forms an essential component of animal cell membranes and acts as a precursor molecule for the synthesis of other biologically important steroids.
osmosis
cholesterol
Peripheral proteins
P. generation
39. A phenotypic situation in which the two alleles affect the phenotype in separate - distinguishable ways
peripheral proteins
codominance
2nd law of thermodynamics
peroxisomes
40. A dense object lying along the inside of the nuclear envelope in female mammalian cells - representing an inactivated X chromosome.
sulfhydryl group
barr body
entropy
clone
41. The conversion of pyruvate to lactate with no release of carbon dioxide.
amniocentesis
crossing over
oxidation
lactid acid fermentation
42. A reaction in which two molecules become covalently bonded to each other through the loss of a small molecule - usually water; also called dehydration reaction.
trace elements
metastasis
endergonic reaction
condensation reaction
43. The transmission of traits from one generation to the next.
heredity
asexual reproduction
peroxisome
wavelength
44. Generate and degrade H2O2 in performing various metabolic functions transfer hydrogen from various substrates to oxygen and they produce H2O2. Use O to break fatty acids that can be sent to mitochondria
aldehyde
peroxisomes
meiosis
intermediate filaments
45. Double membrane perforated by pores which regulate entry and exit of certain macromolecules and particles
helicase
nuclear envelope
substrate
polymer
46. A dense region of DNA in a prokaryotic cell.
hypertonic
substrate
nucleoid
osmoregulation
47. The protective structure at each end of a eukaryotic chromosome. Specifically - the tandemly repetitive DNA at the end of the chromosome's DNA molecule. See also repetitive DNA.
mesophyll cell
insertion
polymer
telomeres
48. A property of biological membranes that allows some substances to cross more easily than others.
phospholipids
selective permeability (the ability to allow some sub. to cross the plasma membrane more easily)
spliceosome
cell wall
49. The ability of a single gene to have multiple effects.
chloroplast
peptide bond
energy coupling
pleiotropy
50. The division of the cytoplasm to form two seperate daughter cells after mitosis
cytokenisis
pH
activation energy
flagella
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