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AP Biology

Subjects : science, ap, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A human genetic disease caused by a sex-linked recessive allele; characterized by progressive weakening and a loss of muscle tissue.






2. The pairing of replicated homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis.






3. Phase of cell cycle that includes mitosis and cytokenisis






4. Drive the diffusion of ions across a membrane 1. chemical force based on an ions concentration gradient. 2. the other is an electrical force based on the effect of the membrane potential on the ion's movement ion diffuses down its electrochemical gra






5. An aggregation of several ribosomes attached to one messenger RNA molecule.






6. Sythesis of secretory proteins (glycoproteins) specialized cells secrete proteins produced by rough ER ribosomes and membrane production






7. A quantitative measure of disorder or randomness - symbolized by S.






8. Offspring resulting from interbreeding of the hybrid F1 generation.






9. Region where cells microtubules are initiated






10. A solution in which water is the solvent






11. Material present in the cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells - important during cell division; the microtubule-organizing center.






12. The second growth face of the cell cycle consisting of the portion of interphase after DNA synthesis occurs






13. An enzyme that untwists the double helix of DNA at the replication forks.






14. The physical and physiological traits of an organism.






15. That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes.






16. The semifluid portion of the cytoplasm.






17. The process of generating ATP from ADP and phosphate by means of a proton-motive force generated by the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast during the light reactions of photosynthesis.






18. A profile of the relative performance of different wavelengths of light.






19. The second of two major stages in photosynthesis (following the light reactions) - involving atmospheric CO2 fixation and reduction of the fixed carbon into carbohydrate.






20. A substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution






21. A functional group present in organic acids and consisting of a single carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom and also bonded to a hydroxyl group.






22. An infolding of the inner membrane of a mitochondrion that houses the electron transport chain and the enzyme catalyzing the synthesis of ATP.






23. A subatomic particle with single positive charge found in nucleus of an atom






24. A chromosomal alteration in which the organism possesses more than two complete chromosome sets.






25. The coupling of the 'downhill' diffusion of one substance to the 'uphill' transport of another against its own concentration gradient.






26. The amount of energy that reactants must absorb before a chemical reaction will start.






27. The parent individuals from which offspring are derived in studies of inheritance; P stands for parental.






28. The ability of a single gene to have multiple effects.






29. The range of a pigment's ability to absorb various wavelengths of light.






30. The amount of heat that must be absorbed lost for one gram of a substance to change its temperature by one degree






31. A Y-shaped region on a replicating DNA molecule where new strands are growing.






32. Special transport proteins that generate the voltage gradient across a membrane an example is the Na+-K+ pump restores the electrochemical gradient not only by the active transport of Na+ and K+ setting up a concentration gradien but because it pumps






33. An ion transport protein generating voltage across the membrane.






34. The synthesis of RNA on a DNA template.






35. A mutation involving the addition of one or more nucleotide pairs to a gene.






36. Nuclear division process; prophase - prometaphase - metaphase - anaphase - and telophse






37. A covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides by a dehydration reaction.






38. An organism that makes ATP by aerobic respiration if oxygen is present but that switches to fermentation under anaerobic conditions.






39. Any factor that has a greater impact on a population as the population increases






40. One form of the secondary structure of proteins in which the polypeptide chain folds back and forth - or where two regions of the chain lie parallel to each other and are held together by hydrogen bonds.






41. A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation-reduction reaction






42. In comparing two solutions - referring to the one with a greater solute concentration.






43. The new continuous complementary DNA strand synthesized along the template strand in the mandatory 5' 3' direction.






44. 3rd subphase in mitosis; spindle is complete and the chromosomes attached to microtubules at their kinetochores are aligned at he metaphase plate






45. A sequence of electron carrier molecules (membrane proteins) that shuttle electrons during the redox reactions that release energy used to make ATP.






46. A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by entering the active site in place of the substrate whose structure it mimics.






47. The substance in which animal tissue cells are embedded consisting of protein and polysaccharides.






48. A property of biological membranes that allows some substances to cross more easily than others.






49. An increase or decrease in the density of a chemical substance in an area. Cells often maintain concentration gradients of ions across their membranes. When a gradient exists - the ions or other chemical substances involved tend to move from where th






50. Penetrate the hydrophobic core of the lipid bilayer - often completely spanning the membrane (as transmembrane proteins).