Test your basic knowledge |

AP Biology

Subjects : science, ap, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The portion of a system's energy that can perform work when temperature is uniform throughout the system.






2. A gene located on a sex chromosome.






3. A chromosomal alteration in which the organism possesses more than two complete chromosome sets.






4. Having two identical alleles for a given trait.






5. The union of haploid gametes to produce a diploid zygote.






6. Genes that are located on the same chromosome.






7. The most prevalent and efficient catabolic pathway for the production of ATP - in which oxygen is consumed as a reactant along with the organic fuel.






8. A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule.






9. The spontaneous tendency of a substance to move down its concentration gradient from a more concentrated to a less concentrated area.






10. The synthesis of RNA on a DNA template.






11. The membrane at the boundary of every cell that acts as a selective barrier - thereby regulating the cell's chemical composition.






12. A special sequence of nucleotides in DNA that marks the end of a gene. It signals RNA polymerase to release the newly made RNA molecule - which then departs from the gene






13. A type of endocytosis involving large - particulate substances.






14. The attraction between different kinds of molecules






15. The reciprocal exchange of genetic material between nonsister chromatids during synapsis of meiosis I.






16. (1) A deficiency in a chromosome resulting from the loss of a fragment through breakage. (2) A mutational loss of one or more nucleotide pairs from a gene.






17. An attraction between two atoms resulting from a sharing of outer shell electrons or the presence of opposite charges on the atom; the bonded atoms gain compounds outer electron shells






18. A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation-reduction reaction






19. Network of membrane sacs and tubes; active in membrane synthesis and other synthetic and metabolic processes






20. Constructed from glycerol and fatty acids






21. 1. Transport of specific solutes into or out of cells. 2. Enzymatic activity - sometimes catalyzing one of a number of steps of a metabolic pathway 3. Signal transduction - relaying hormonal messages to the cell. 4. Cell-cell recognition - allowing o






22. A plant that uses crassulacean acid metabolism - an adaptation for photosynthesis in arid conditions - first discovered in the family Crassulaceae. Carbon dioxide entering open stomata during the night is converted into organic acids - which release






23. The amount of energy that reactants must absorb before a chemical reaction will start.






24. Prokaryotes cell division . Each daughter cell receives a copy of the single parental chromosome






25. (1) The study of energy transformations that occur in a collection of matter. See first law of thermodynamics and second law of thermodynamics. (2) A phenomenon in which external DNA is taken up by a cell and functions there.






26. Drive the diffusion of ions across a membrane 1. chemical force based on an ions concentration gradient. 2. the other is an electrical force based on the effect of the membrane potential on the ion's movement ion diffuses down its electrochemical gra






27. Sex cells (haploid cells; egg or sperm) unite to form a diploid zygote






28. Molecules that are mirror images of each other.






29. Any substance that cannot be broken down to any other substance






30. A subatomic particle with single positive charge found in nucleus of an atom






31. The production of ATP by noncyclic electron flow.






32. Use info - from the DNA to make proteins and carry out protein synthesis






33. Sites of cellular respiration the catbolic process that generates ATP by extracting energy from sugars - fats + other fuels w/ oxygens help






34. An extensively branched glucose storage polysaccharide found in the liver and muscle of animals; the animal equivalent of starch.






35. A dense region of DNA in a prokaryotic cell.






36. The movement of specific molecules into a cell by the inward budding of membranous vesicles containing proteins with receptor sites specific to the molecules being taken in; enables a cell to acquire bulk quantities of specific substances.






37. The protective structure at each end of a eukaryotic chromosome. Specifically - the tandemly repetitive DNA at the end of the chromosome's DNA molecule. See also repetitive DNA.






38. Compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in the covalent arrangements of their atoms.






39. A team of enzymes that hydrolyze DNA and RNA into their component nucleotides






40. The formation of ATP by directly transferring a phosphate group to ADP from an intermediate substrate in catabolism.






41. A microbody containing enzymes that transfer hydrogen from various substrates to oxygen - producing and then degrading hydrogen peroxide.






42. A specific nucleotide sequence in DNA that binds RNA polymerase and indicates where to start transcribing RNA.






43. Total amount of kinetic energy due to molecular motion in a body of matter. It is energy in most random form






44. The subunit that serves as the building block of a polymer.






45. Cancerous tumor that is invasive enough to impair function of one or more organs






46. The multicellular haploid form in organisms undergoing alternation of generations that mitotically produces haploid gametes that unite and grow into the sporophyte generation.






47. The coupling of the 'downhill' diffusion of one substance to the 'uphill' transport of another against its own concentration gradient.






48. Rain - snow - or fog that is more acidic than pH 5.6.






49. A diagram used in the study of inheritance to show the results of random fertilization.






50. A substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution