Test your basic knowledge |

AP Biology

Subjects : science, ap, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A genetic disorder that occurs in people with two copies of a certain recessive allele; characterized by an excessive secretion of mucus and consequent vulnerability to infection; fatal if untreated.






2. The ability of a single gene to have multiple effects.






3. A paired set of homologous chromosomes - each composed of two sister chromatids. Tetrads form during prophase I of meiosis.






4. An organism that is heterozygous with respect to a single gene of interest. A monohybrid results from a cross between parents homozygous for different alleles. For example - parents of genotypes AA and aa produce a monohybrid genotype of Aa.






5. Genes that are located on the same chromosome.






6. A phenomenon in walled cells in which the cytoplasm shrivels and the plasma membrane pulls away from the cell wall when the cell loses water to a hypertonic environment






7. A type of weak chemical bond formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one molecules is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a polar covalent in another bond






8. The pairing of replicated homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis.






9. The enzyme that catalyzes the first step of the Calvin cycle (the addition of CO2 to RuBP - or ribulose bisphosphate).






10. The cellular secretion of macromolecules by the fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane.






11. The multicellular haploid form in organisms undergoing alternation of generations that mitotically produces haploid gametes that unite and grow into the sporophyte generation.






12. A cell organelle constructed in the nucleolus and functioning as the site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm; consists of rRNA and protein molecules - which make up two subunits.






13. The binding together of like molecules often by hydrogen bonds






14. Sex cells (haploid cells; egg or sperm) unite to form a diploid zygote






15. ATP can power active transport by transferring a phosphate group from ATP to the transport protein. This may induce a conformation change in the transport proteins translocating the solute across the membrane






16. An aberration in chromosome structure resulting from an error in meiosis or mutagens; duplication of a portion of a chromosome resulting from fusion with a fragment from a homologous chromosome.






17. A type of cell lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles; found only in the domains Bacteria and Archaea.






18. A heritable feature in a population that varies continuously as a result of environmental influences and the additive effect of two or more genes (polygenic inheritance).






19. The multicellular diploid form in organisms undergoing alternation of generations that results from a union of gametes and that meiotically produces haploid spores that grow into the gametophyte generation.






20. The DNA strand that provides the template for ordering the sequence of nucleotides in an RNA transcript.






21. The currently accepted model of cell membrane structure - which envisions the membrane as a mosaic of individually inserted protein molecules drifting laterally in a fluid bilayer of phospholipids.






22. The amount of energy that reactants must absorb before a chemical reaction will start.






23. The conversion of pyruvate to carbon dioxide and ethyl alcohol.






24. A method of metabolic control in which the end product of a metabolic pathway acts as an inhibitor of an enzyme within that pathway.






25. An iron-containing protein - a component of electron transport chains in mitochondria and chloroplasts






26. A metabolic pathway that consumes oxygen - releases carbon dioxide - generates no ATP - and decreases photosynthetic output; generally occurs on hot - dry - bright days - when stomata close and the oxygen concentration in the leaf exceeds that of car






27. The generation-to-generation sequence of stages in the reproductive history of an organism.






28. The movement of a substance across a biological membrane against its concentration or electrochemical gradient with the help of energy input and specific transport proteins.






29. Having aversion to water tend to coalesce and form droplets of water






30. The genetic makeup of an organism






31. The addition of electrons to a substance involved in a redox reaction.






32. One of a family of closely related plant organelles - including chloroplasts - chromoplasts - and amyloplasts (leucoplasts).






33. One form of the secondary structure of proteins in which the polypeptide chain folds back and forth - or where two regions of the chain lie parallel to each other and are held together by hydrogen bonds.






34. A human genetic disease caused by a sex-linked recessive allele - characterized by excessive bleeding following injury.






35. An organic molecule with a carbonyl group located at the end of the carbon skeleton.






36. The generation of ATP by cyclic electron flow.






37. An accessory pigment - either yellow or orange - in the chloroplasts of plants. By absorbing wavelengths of light that chlorophyll cannot - carotenoids broaden the spectrum of colors that can drive photosynthesis.






38. Composed of nine sets of triplet microtubule arrange in a ring






39. Any substance that cannot be broken down to any other substance






40. An organic compound with a carbonyl group of which the carbon atom is bonded to two other carbons.






41. An acceptor that temporarily stores energized electrons produced during the light reactions.






42. Collagen most abundant in animal cells






43. That portion of the electromagnetic spectrum detected as various colors by the human eye - ranging in wavelength from about 380 nm to about 750 nm.






44. A solution in which water is the solvent






45. An attraction between two atoms resulting from a sharing of outer shell electrons or the presence of opposite charges on the atom; the bonded atoms gain compounds outer electron shells






46. An adenine-containing nucleoside triphosphate that releases free energy when its phosphate bonds are hydrolyzed. This energy is used to drive endergonic reactions in cells.






47. A subatomic particle with single positive charge found in nucleus of an atom






48. Rain - snow - or fog that is more acidic than pH 5.6.






49. The attraction between different kinds of molecules






50. The production of ATP by noncyclic electron flow.