Test your basic knowledge |

AP Biology

Subjects : science, ap, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. That portion of the electromagnetic spectrum detected as various colors by the human eye - ranging in wavelength from about 380 nm to about 750 nm.






2. The cell engulfs a particle by extending psedopodia around it and packaging it in a large vacuole






3. The formation of ATP by directly transferring a phosphate group to ADP from an intermediate substrate in catabolism.






4. The coupling of the 'downhill' diffusion of one substance to the 'uphill' transport of another against its own concentration gradient.






5. A protein covalently attached to a carbohydrate.






6. A profile of the relative performance of different wavelengths of light.






7. The electron donor in a redox reaction.






8. Function like rivets fastening cells together into strong sheets Intermediate filaments reinforce this






9. The cellular process that uses special enzymes to fix incorrectly paired nucleotides.






10. Anything takes up space and has mass






11. A membranous sac that helps move excess water out of the cell.






12. A long cellular appendage specialized for locomotion - formed from a core of nine outer doublet microtubules and two inner single microtubules - ensheathed in an extension of plasma membrane.






13. A catabolic process that makes a limited amount of ATP from glucose without an electron transport chain and that produces a characteristic end product - such as ethyl alcohol or lactic acid.






14. The complex of DNA and proteins that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome. When the cell is not dividing -exists as a mass of very long - thin fibers that are not visible with a light microscope.






15. The covalent bond between two amino acid units - formed by a dehydration reaction






16. A paired set of homologous chromosomes - each composed of two sister chromatids. Tetrads form during prophase I of meiosis.






17. A type of photosynthetic cell arranged into tightly packed sheaths around the veins of a leaf.






18. A two stage type of cell division in sexually reproducing organims that results in cells with half the chromosomes number of the original cells






19. Region where cells microtubules are initiated






20. The diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane because it require no energy from the cell to make it happen - the concentration gradient represents potential energy and drives fusion






21. A molecule that is a constituent of the inner bilayer of biological membranes - having a polar - hydrophilic head and a nonpolar - hydrophobic tail.






22. A two-stage type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that results in cells with half the chromosome number of the original cell.






23. An ion transport protein generating voltage across the membrane.






24. Chromatin - nucleolus - nuclear envelope--> directs protein synthesis by synthesizing RNA (mRNA) and sending it to the cytoplasm via nuclear pores-->the mRNA is made according to instruction provided by DNA --> mRNA reaches cytoplasm ribosomes transl






25. Lacking oxygen; referring to an organism - environment - or cellular process that lacks oxygen and may be poisoned by it.






26. An iron-containing protein - a component of electron transport chains in mitochondria and chloroplasts






27. A reaction in which two molecules become covalently bonded to each other through the loss of a small molecule - usually water; also called dehydration reaction.






28. The movement of specific molecules into a cell by the inward budding of membranous vesicles containing proteins with receptor sites specific to the molecules being taken in; enables a cell to acquire bulk quantities of specific substances.






29. The membrane at the boundary of every cell that acts as a selective barrier - thereby regulating the cell's chemical composition.






30. An attraction between two atoms resulting from a sharing of outer shell electrons or the presence of opposite charges on the atom; the bonded atoms gain compounds outer electron shells






31. Maintenance of cell shape (compression resisting girders) cell motility organelle and chromosome movement






32. The conversion of a normal animal cell to a cancerous cell.






33. The chlorophyll a molecule and the primary electron acceptor in a photosystem; they trigger the light reactions of photosynthesis. The chlorophyll donates an electron - excited by light energy - to the primary electron acceptor - which passes an elec






34. A human genetic disease caused by a sex-linked recessive allele; characterized by progressive weakening and a loss of muscle tissue.






35. Plants that produce offspring of the same variety when they self-pollinate.






36. A fatty acid in which all carbons in the hydrocarbon tail are connected by single bonds - thus maximizing the number of hydrogen atoms that can attach to the carbon skeleton.






37. The principle whereby every energy transfer or transformation increases the entropy of the universe. Ordered forms of energy are at least partly converted to heat - and in spontaneous reactions - the free energy of the system also decreases.






38. Organization of DNA and proteins into fibrous material






39. An instrument that measures the proportions of light of different wavelengths absorbed and transmitted by a pigment solution.






40. A specific configuration of atoms commonly attached to the carbon skeletons of organic molecules and usually involved in chemical reactions.






41. A functional group consisting of a sulfur atom bonded to a hydrogen atom (—SH).






42. A plant that uses the Calvin cycle for the initial steps that incorporate CO2 into organic material - forming a three-carbon compound as the first stable intermediate.






43. The control of water balance in organisms living in hypertonic - hypotonic - or terrestrial environments.






44. A type of weak chemical bond formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one molecules is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a polar covalent in another bond






45. Drive the diffusion of ions across a membrane 1. chemical force based on an ions concentration gradient. 2. the other is an electrical force based on the effect of the membrane potential on the ion's movement ion diffuses down its electrochemical gra






46. The splitting of glucose into pyruvate. Glycolysis is the one metabolic pathway that occurs in all living cells - serving as the starting point for fermentation or aerobic respiration






47. A chromosomal condition in which a particular cell has only one copy of a chromosome - instead of the normal two; the cell is said to be monosomic for that chromosome.






48. A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule.






49. One of two light-harvesting units of a chloroplast's thylakoid membrane; it uses the P700 reaction-center chlorophyll.






50. A type of lipid characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four rings with various functional groups attached.