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AP Biology

Subjects : science, ap, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A substance that reduces the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution






2. The ability of a single gene to have multiple effects.






3. Sites of cellular respiration the catbolic process that generates ATP by extracting energy from sugars - fats + other fuels w/ oxygens help






4. A substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution






5. An extensive membranous network in eukaryotic cells - continuous with the outer nuclear membrane and composed of ribosome-studded (rough) and ribosome-free (smooth) regions.






6. A solution in which water is the solvent






7. A phenomenon in walled cells in which the cytoplasm shrivels and the plasma membrane pulls away from the cell wall when the cell loses water to a hypertonic environment






8. The cell engulfs a particle by extending psedopodia around it and packaging it in a large vacuole






9. The fifth and final subphase of mitosis in which daughter nuclei are forming and cytokenisis actually begins






10. A network of microtubules - microfilaments - and intermediate filaments that branch throughout the cytoplasm and serve a variety of mechanical and transport functions.






11. A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation-reduction reaction






12. A membranous sac in a mature plant cell with diverse roles in reproduction - growth - and development.






13. The coupling of the 'downhill' diffusion of one substance to the 'uphill' transport of another against its own concentration gradient.






14. An enzyme that untwists the double helix of DNA at the replication forks.






15. A special sequence of nucleotides in DNA that marks the end of a gene. It signals RNA polymerase to release the newly made RNA molecule - which then departs from the gene






16. The multicellular haploid form in organisms undergoing alternation of generations that mitotically produces haploid gametes that unite and grow into the sporophyte generation.






17. An organic molecule with a carbonyl group located at the end of the carbon skeleton.






18. The most prevalent and efficient catabolic pathway for the production of ATP - in which oxygen is consumed as a reactant along with the organic fuel.






19. The generation-to-generation sequence of stages in the reproductive history of an organism.






20. The mating - or crossing - of two varieties.






21. An assemblage of microtubules and associated proteins that is involved in the movements of chromosomes during mitosis






22. Compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in the covalent arrangements of their atoms.






23. A short cellular appendage specialized for locomotion - formed from a core of nine outer doublet microtubules and two inner single microtubules ensheathed in an extension of plasma membrane.






24. An organelle in eukaryotic cells that serves as the site of cellular respiration.






25. Chromosome pairs of the same length - centromere position - and staining pattern that possess genes for the same characters at corresponding loci. One homologous chromosome is inherited from the organism's father - the other from the mother.






26. A noncoding - intervening sequence within a eukaryotic gene.






27. A catabolic process that makes a limited amount of ATP from glucose without an electron transport chain and that produces a characteristic end product - such as ethyl alcohol or lactic acid.






28. The chlorophyll a molecule and the primary electron acceptor in a photosystem; they trigger the light reactions of photosynthesis. The chlorophyll donates an electron - excited by light energy - to the primary electron acceptor - which passes an elec






29. One of two light-harvesting units of a chloroplast's thylakoid membrane; it uses the P680 reaction-center chlorophyll.






30. An already existing RNA chain bound to template DNA to which DNA nucleotides are added during DNA synthesis.






31. That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes.






32. A globular protein that links into chains - two of which twist helically about each other - forming microfilaments in muscle and other contractile elements in cells.






33. Cancerous tumor that is invasive enough to impair function of one or more organs






34. The ability of a cell to distinguish one type of neighboring cell from another is crucial to the functioning of an organism carbohydrates are important for this






35. A machine that spins test tubes at the fastest speeds to separate liquids and particles of different densities.






36. Period when cell cycle when cell is not dividing- cell metabolic activity is high - chromsomes and organelles are duplicated and cell size may increase. 90% of cell cycle






37. A steroid that forms an essential component of animal cell membranes and acts as a precursor molecule for the synthesis of other biologically important steroids.






38. The division of the cytoplasm to form two seperate daughter cells after mitosis






39. Containing oxygen; referring to an organism - environment - or cellular process that requires oxygen.






40. Prokaryotes cell division . Each daughter cell receives a copy of the single parental chromosome






41. Nuclear division process; prophase - prometaphase - metaphase - anaphase - and telophse






42. A polymer (polynucleotide) consisting of many nucleotide monomers; serves as a blueprint for proteins and - through the actions of proteins - for all cellular activities. The two types are DNA and RNA.






43. The entry compound for the Krebs cycle in cellular respiration; formed from a fragment of pyruvate attached to a coenzyme.






44. The most abundant type of RNA - which together with proteins - forms the structure of ribosomes. Ribosomes coordinate the sequential coupling of tRNA molecules to mRNA codons.






45. Dissolving agent of a solution






46. A loosely arranged photosynthetic cell located between the bundle sheath and the leaf surface.






47. Splits a membrane along the middle of the phospholipid bilayer. When a freeze-fracture preparation is viewed with an electron microscope - protein particles are interspersed in a smooth matrix - supporting the fluid mosaic model.






48. Collagen most abundant in animal cells






49. The simplest carbohydrate - active alone or serving as a monomer for disaccharides and polysaccharides. Also known as simple sugars - the molecular formulas of are generally some multiple of CH2O.






50. A stacked portion of the thylakoid membrane in the chloroplast. Grana function in the light reactions of photosynthesis







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