Test your basic knowledge |

AP Biology

Subjects : science, ap, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A three-dimensional biological polymer constructed from a set of 20 different monomers called amino acids.






2. Actin (tension bearing elements ) muscle contraction






3. The membrane at the boundary of every cell that acts as a selective barrier - thereby regulating the cell's chemical composition.






4. A chromosomal condition in which a particular cell has only one copy of a chromosome - instead of the normal two; the cell is said to be monosomic for that chromosome.






5. The principle of conservation of energy. Energy can be transferred and transformed - but it cannot be created or destroyed.






6. A functional group consisting of a hydrogen atom joined to an oxygen atom by a polar covalent bond. Molecules possessing this group are soluble in water and are called alcohols.






7. Lacking oxygen; referring to an organism - environment - or cellular process that lacks oxygen and may be poisoned by it.






8. Composed of nine sets of triplet microtubule arrange in a ring






9. One of two light-harvesting units of a chloroplast's thylakoid membrane; it uses the P700 reaction-center chlorophyll.






10. Reproduction of cells






11. The fifth and final subphase of mitosis in which daughter nuclei are forming and cytokenisis actually begins






12. The first subphase of mitosis in which the chromatin is condensing and the mitotic spindle begins to form but the nucleolus and nucleus are still in intact






13. A method of organizing the chromosomes of a cell in relation to number - size - and type.






14. A specialized region on the centromere that links each sister chromatid to the mitotic spindle






15. A netlike array of protein filaments that maintains the shape of the nucleus.






16. A measure of the intensity of heat in degrees reflecting molecules average kinetic energy






17. The attraction of an atom for the electrons of a covalent bond






18. Attached to outside of ER or nuclear envelope- proteins that are destined for insertion into membranes or packaging certain organelles (ex: lysosome)






19. A specialized molecule sharing the reaction center with the chlorophyll a molecule; it accepts an electron from the chlorophyll a molecule.






20. A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA - in some viruses).






21. An adenine-containing nucleoside triphosphate that releases free energy when its phosphate bonds are hydrolyzed. This energy is used to drive endergonic reactions in cells.






22. An acceptor that temporarily stores energized electrons produced during the light reactions.






23. The change in shape of the active site of an enzyme so that it binds more snugly to the substrate - induced by entry of the substrate.






24. A human genetic disease caused by a sex-linked recessive allele - characterized by excessive bleeding following injury.






25. A protein channel in a cell membrane that opens or closes in response to a particular stimulus.






26. A storage polysaccharide in plants consisting entirely of glucose.






27. A noncoding - intervening sequence within a eukaryotic gene.






28. The disruption of a cell and separation of its organelles by centrifugation.






29. Mendel's first law - stating that allele pairs separate during gamete formation - and then randomly re-form as pairs during the fusion of gametes at fertilization.






30. The production of ATP by noncyclic electron flow.






31. Phase of cell cycle that includes mitosis and cytokenisis






32. Provide cytoplasmic channels between adjacent animal cells






33. A technique for determining genetic abnormalities in a fetus by the presence of certain chemicals or defective fetal cells in the amniotic fluid - obtained by aspiration from a needle inserted into the uterus.






34. A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by binding to a location remote from the active site - changing its conformation so that it no longer binds to the substrate.






35. A route of electron flow during the light reactions of photosynthesis that involves only photosystem I and that produces ATP but not NADPH or oxygen






36. Penetrate the hydrophobic core of the lipid bilayer - often completely spanning the membrane (as transmembrane proteins).






37. Use info - from the DNA to make proteins and carry out protein synthesis






38. The tendency of molecules of any substance to spread out in the available space it is driven by intrinsic kinetic energy (thermal motion or heat) of molecules






39. A functional group present in aldehydes and ketones and consisting of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom.






40. A type of blue-green photosynthetic pigment that participates directly in the light reactions.






41. A sugar (monosaccharide) or one of its dimers (disaccharides) or polymers (polysaccharides).






42. A functional group consisting of a sulfur atom bonded to a hydrogen atom (—SH).






43. An aberration in chromosome structure resulting from an error in meiosis or from mutagens; specifically - reattachment of a chromosomal fragment to the chromosome from which the fragment originated - but in a reverse orientation.






44. The electron donor in a redox reaction.






45. A membrane-enclosed bag of hydrolytic enzymes found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.






46. The cellular secretion of macromolecules by the fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane.






47. A long cellular appendage specialized for locomotion - formed from a core of nine outer doublet microtubules and two inner single microtubules - ensheathed in an extension of plasma membrane.






48. The synthesis of a polypeptide using the genetic information encoded in an mRNA molecule. There is a change of 'language' from nucleotides to amino acids






49. A measure of hydrogen ion concentration equal to -log [H+] and ranging in value from 0 to 14.






50. An increase or decrease in the density of a chemical substance in an area -->substances tend to move form where there are more concentrated to where they are less concentrated