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AP Biology

Subjects : science, ap, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The subunit that serves as the building block of a polymer.






2. The diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane






3. Maintenance of cell shape (compression resisting girders) cell motility organelle and chromosome movement






4. Complex of DNA and proteins that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome






5. An acceptor that temporarily stores energized electrons produced during the light reactions.






6. A subatomic particle with a single negative charge; one or more electrons move around the nucleus






7. Total amount of kinetic energy due to molecular motion in a body of matter. It is energy in most random form






8. A functional group consisting of a hydrogen atom joined to an oxygen atom by a polar covalent bond. Molecules possessing this group are soluble in water and are called alcohols.






9. One of several atomic forms of an element each containing different number of neutrons and different in atomic mass






10. Cytokenisis process; pinching of the plasma membrane; the succession of rapid cell division without growth during early embryonic development that converts the zygote into a ball of cell






11. A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by entering the active site in place of the substrate whose structure it mimics.






12. Walled cells are _____ in isotonic surroundings - where there is no tendency for water to enter.






13. The union of haploid gametes to produce a diploid zygote.






14. Sites where the replication of a DNA molecule begins.






15. Period when cell cycle when cell is not dividing- cell metabolic activity is high - chromsomes and organelles are duplicated and cell size may increase. 90% of cell cycle






16. The second growth face of the cell cycle consisting of the portion of interphase after DNA synthesis occurs






17. Penetrate the hydrophobic core of the lipid bilayer - often completely spanning the membrane (as transmembrane proteins).






18. Splits a membrane along the middle of the phospholipid bilayer. When a freeze-fracture preparation is viewed with an electron microscope - protein particles are interspersed in a smooth matrix - supporting the fluid mosaic model.






19. A mass of abnormal cells that remains at the site of origin






20. A double sugar - consisting of two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis.






21. The production of ATP by noncyclic electron flow.






22. The electrons in the outermost electron shell






23. In a heterozygote - the allele that is fully expressed in the phenotype.






24. The scientific study of heredity and hereditary variation.






25. A green pigment located within the chloroplasts of plants. Chlorophyll a can participate directly in the light reactions - which convert solar energy to chemical energy.






26. The removal of noncoding portions (introns) of the RNA molecule after initial synthesis.






27. The most common type of mutation - a base-pair substitution in which the new codon makes sense in that it still codes for an amino acid.






28. Use info - from the DNA to make proteins and carry out protein synthesis






29. The transmission of traits from one generation to the next.






30. A point mutation; the replacement of one nucleotide and its partner in the complementary DNA strand by another pair of nucleotides.






31. An organic molecule serving as a cofactor. Most vitamins function in important metabolic reactions.






32. A type of endocytosis in which the cell ingests extracellular fluid and its dissolved solutes.






33. Gene carrying structure found in nucleus- consists of 1 very long DNA molecules and associated proteins






34. The process of generating ATP from ADP and phosphate by means of a proton-motive force generated by the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast during the light reactions of photosynthesis.






35. The principle whereby every energy transfer or transformation increases the entropy of the universe. Ordered forms of energy are at least partly converted to heat - and in spontaneous reactions - the free energy of the system also decreases.






36. Reproduction of cells






37. An organelle in eukaryotic cells that serves as the site of cellular respiration.






38. Any cell in a multicellular organism except a sperm or egg cell.






39. A membrane-enclosed bag of hydrolytic enzymes found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.






40. The arrangement of phospholipids and proteins in biological membranes is described by the






41. An organic compound with a carbonyl group of which the carbon atom is bonded to two other carbons.






42. A type of inheritance in which F1 hybrids have an appearance that is intermediate between the phenotypes of the parental varieties






43. A microscope that focuses an electron beam through a specimen - resulting in resolving power a thousandfold greater than that of a light microscope. A transmission electron microscope (TEM) is used to study the internal structure of thin sections of






44. The range of a pigment's ability to absorb various wavelengths of light.






45. A double-stranded - helical nucleic acid molecule capable of replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell's proteins.






46. The specific portion of an enzyme that attaches to the substrate by means of weak chemical bonds.






47. A mutation occurring when the number of nucleotides inserted or deleted is not a multiple of three - resulting in the improper grouping of the following nucleotides into codons.






48. Replicated forms of chromosomes joined together by the centromere and separated during mitosis and meiosis II






49. Organizing the structures and activities of cells






50. An electrically neutral particle found in the nucleus of an atom