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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The protein shell that encloses a viral genome. It may be rod-shaped - polyhedral - or more complete in shape.
gated channels
transport proteins
capsid
mitochondria
2. A property of biological membranes that allows some substances to cross more easily than others.
stroma
selective permeability (the ability to allow some sub. to cross the plasma membrane more easily)
law of independent assortment
centrosome
3. A set of three-nucleotide-long words that specify the amino acids for polypeptide chains.
prometaphase
functional groups
monomer
triplet code
4. Composed of nine sets of triplet microtubule arrange in a ring
crossing over
energy coupling
centrioles
denaturation
5. Anchorage of nucleus and certain other organelles - formation of nuclear lamina
leading strand
gametes
intermediate filaments
actin
6. A long cellular appendage specialized for locomotion - formed from a core of nine outer doublet microtubules and two inner single microtubules - ensheathed in an extension of plasma membrane.
cyclic photophosphorylation
flagella
lysosomes
epistasis
7. In cellular metabolism - the use of energy released from an exergonic reaction to drive an endergonic reaction.
translation
codons
energy coupling
isomers
8. Compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in the spatial arrangements of their atoms.
geometric isomers
purines
mutagens
mitotic spindle
9. Any factor that has a greater impact on a population as the population increases
collagen
photophosphorylation
voltage
density dependent inhibitor
10. A two-stage type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that results in cells with half the chromosome number of the original cell.
meiosis
ribosomes
allosteric site
peroxisome
11. A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by binding to a location remote from the active site - changing its conformation so that it no longer binds to the substrate.
sex linked genes
noncompetitive inhibitor
facilitated diffusion
active transport
12. (1) The study of energy transformations that occur in a collection of matter. See first law of thermodynamics and second law of thermodynamics. (2) A phenomenon in which external DNA is taken up by a cell and functions there.
chlorophyll
parental types
thermodynamics
cholesterol
13. In a heterozygote - the allele that is completely masked in the phenotype.
recessive allele
fatty acid
chromosome theory of inheritance
heat
14. The multicellular diploid form in organisms undergoing alternation of generations that results from a union of gametes and that meiotically produces haploid spores that grow into the gametophyte generation.
sporophyte
clone
spectrophotometer
linked genes
15. A specific receptor site on some part of an enzyme molecule remote from the active site.
electrochemical gradient
allosteric site
aquaporins(water channel)
thermodynamics
16. The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
osmosis
true breeding
cytoskeleton
membrane potential
17. Material present in the cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells - important during cell division; the microtubule-organizing center.
facilitated diffusion
noncyclic phosphorylation
microfilaments
centrosome
18. A basic principle in biology stating that genes are located on chromosomes and that the behavior of chromosomes during meiosis accounts for inheritance patterns.
noncompetitive inhibitor
variation
chromosome theory of inheritance
cellulose
19. An aggregation of several ribosomes attached to one messenger RNA molecule.
law of independent assortment
extracellular matrix
capsid
polyribosomes
20. A spontaneous chemical reaction in which there is a net release of free energy
exergonic reaction
RNA splicing
ECM function in support - adhesion - movement - and regulation (glycoproteins)
duchenne muscular dystropy
21. A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA - in some viruses).
noncyclic electron flow
glycosidic linkage
cleavage
genes
22. An already existing RNA chain bound to template DNA to which DNA nucleotides are added during DNA synthesis.
primer
solute
competitive inhibitor
microtubules
23. A cluster of several membrane proteins found in the mitochondrial crista (and bacterial plasma membrane) that function in chemiosmosis with adjacent electron transport chains - using the energy of a hydrogen ion concentration gradient to make ATP. Pr
noncompetitive inhibitor
flagella
chloroplast
ATP synthase
24. The semifluid portion of the cytoplasm.
glycosidic linkage
cytosol
visible light
diploid cells
25. Golgi apparatus--> gives rise to vesicles which pinch off and travel to other sites
trans face
photorespiration
gap junctions
translation
26. 3rd subphase in mitosis; spindle is complete and the chromosomes attached to microtubules at their kinetochores are aligned at he metaphase plate
genotype
dominant allele
metaphase
concentration gradient
27. A single ATP powered pump that transports one solute can indirectly drive the active transport of several other solutes in this mechanism as the solute that has been actively transported diffuses back passively through a transport protein its movemen
heredity
cotransport
exocytosis
CAM
28. A giant molecule formed by the joining of smaller molecules - usually by a condensation reaction. Polysaccharides - proteins - and nucleic acids are macromolecules.
nucleus
mitochondria
transcription
macromolecule
29. Double membrane perforated by pores which regulate entry and exit of certain macromolecules and particles
nuclear envelope
gated channels
osmosis
polysaccharides
30. The diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane
condensation reaction
substrate
passive transport
plasma membrane
31. An additive effect of two or more gene loci on a single phenotypic character.
polygenic inheritance
transport vesicles
phagocytosis
activation energy
32. A sequence of electron carrier molecules (membrane proteins) that shuttle electrons during the redox reactions that release energy used to make ATP.
gated channels
electron transport chain
meiosis
solution
33. An organic molecule possessing both carboxyl and amino groups. Amino acids serve as the monomers of proteins.
functional groups
amino acid
carboxyl group
2nd law of thermodynamics
34. A membranous sac formed by phagocytosis.
plastids
food vacuoles
fluid mosaic model
primary electron acceptor
35. A discontinuously synthesized DNA strand that elongates in a direction away from the replication fork.
central vacuole
lagging strand
visible light
mitotoic phase
36. The cell engulfs a particle by extending psedopodia around it and packaging it in a large vacuole
ultra centrifuges
phagocytosis
hydroxyl groups
chromatin
37. A type of endocytosis involving large - particulate substances.
phagocytosis
thermodynamics
density dependent inhibitor
gated channels
38. A gene located on a sex chromosome.
nondisjunction
chemical bonds
proton pump
sex linked genes
39. A functional group consisting of a hydrogen atom joined to an oxygen atom by a polar covalent bond. Molecules possessing this group are soluble in water and are called alcohols.
hydroxyl groups
law of independent assortment
pyrimidines
cytoskeleton
40. Membranes of neighboring cells are actually fused forming continuous belts around cell to prevent leakage of extracellular fluid
fermentation
tight junctions
central vacuole
template strand
41. Sythesis of secretory proteins (glycoproteins) specialized cells secrete proteins produced by rough ER ribosomes and membrane production
oxidation
rough ER
ATP
exons
42. Synthesis of lipids - phospholipids and steroid sex hormones-help detoxify drugs and poisons (liver cells) involves adding hydroxyl groups to drugs to make soluble and easier to flush from body
smooth ER
bundle sheath cell
gametes
monosaccharides
43. The production of ATP by noncyclic electron flow.
noncyclic phosphorylation
pinocytosis
gametes
parental types
44. A genetic map based on the frequencies of recombination between markers during crossing over of homologous chromosomes. The greater the frequency of recombination between two genetic markers - the farther apart they are assumed to be. See also geneti
mitotoic phase
endoplasmic reticulum
spectrophotometer
linkage map
45. Complex of DNA and proteins that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome
chromatin
sodium potassium pump
Peripheral proteins
trans face
46. Sites where the replication of a DNA molecule begins.
mitochondria
element
origins replication
karyotype
47. A polymer of up to over a thousand monosaccharides - formed by dehydration reactions.
polysaccharides
plasma membrane
karyotype
duplication
48. Many ion channels function as gated channels these channels open or close depending on the presence or absence of a chemical or physical stimulus
G0 phase
missense mutations
sodium potassium pump
gated channels
49. A nonspontaneous chemical reaction in which free energy is absorbed from the surroundings
endergonic reaction
acid
passive transport
RNA splicing
50. A technique for determining genetic abnormalities in a fetus by the presence of certain chemicals or defective fetal cells in the amniotic fluid - obtained by aspiration from a needle inserted into the uterus.
amniocentesis
microtubules
ligands
organic chemistry