Test your basic knowledge |

AP Biology

Subjects : science, ap, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Dissolving agent of a solution






2. An enzyme that links together the growing chain of ribonucleotides during transcription.






3. An organelle in eukaryotic cells consisting of stacks of flat membranous sacs that modify - store - and route products of the endoplasmic reticulum.






4. An organism that obtains organic food molecules by eating other organisms or their by-products.






5. A team of enzymes that hydrolyze DNA and RNA into their component nucleotides






6. Chromosome pairs of the same length - centromere position - and staining pattern that possess genes for the same characters at corresponding loci. One homologous chromosome is inherited from the organism's father - the other from the mother.






7. A specific nucleotide sequence in DNA that binds RNA polymerase and indicates where to start transcribing RNA.






8. One of two light-harvesting units of a chloroplast's thylakoid membrane; it uses the P680 reaction-center chlorophyll.






9. Sites of cellular respiration the catbolic process that generates ATP by extracting energy from sugars - fats + other fuels w/ oxygens help






10. A loosely arranged photosynthetic cell located between the bundle sheath and the leaf surface.






11. Smallest unit of matter that retains property of an element






12. A route of electron flow during the light reactions of photosynthesis that involves only photosystem I and that produces ATP but not NADPH or oxygen






13. A property of biological membranes that allows some substances to cross more easily than others.






14. A type of RNA - synthesized from DNA - that attaches to ribosomes in the cytoplasm and specifies the primary structure of a protein.






15. The new continuous complementary DNA strand synthesized along the template strand in the mandatory 5' 3' direction.






16. A non dividing face of the cell cycle consisting of the portion of interphase before DNA synthesis begins






17. A haploid cell such as an egg or sperm. Gametes unite during sexual reproduction to produce a diploid zygote.






18. The first filial - or hybrid - offspring in a genetic cross-fertilization.






19. A globular protein that links into chains - two of which twist helically about each other - forming microfilaments in muscle and other contractile elements in cells.






20. A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by binding to a location remote from the active site - changing its conformation so that it no longer binds to the substrate.






21. A specific receptor site on some part of an enzyme molecule remote from the active site.






22. The coupling of the 'downhill' diffusion of one substance to the 'uphill' transport of another against its own concentration gradient.






23. For proteins - a process in which a protein unravels and loses its native conformation - thereby becoming biologically inactive. For DNA - the separation of the two strands of the double helix. Denaturation occurs under extreme conditions of pH - sal






24. A polymer (polynucleotide) consisting of many nucleotide monomers; serves as a blueprint for proteins and - through the actions of proteins - for all cellular activities. The two types are DNA and RNA.






25. Composed of nine sets of triplet microtubule arrange in a ring






26. A fatty acid possessing one or more double bonds between the carbons in the hydrocarbon tail. Such bonding reduces the number of hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon skeleton.






27. An initial RNA transcript; also called pre-mRNA.






28. An accessory pigment - either yellow or orange - in the chloroplasts of plants. By absorbing wavelengths of light that chlorophyll cannot - carotenoids broaden the spectrum of colors that can drive photosynthesis.






29. The cell engulfs a particle by extending psedopodia around it and packaging it in a large vacuole






30. The movement of specific molecules into a cell by the inward budding of membranous vesicles containing proteins with receptor sites specific to the molecules being taken in; enables a cell to acquire bulk quantities of specific substances.






31. A steroid that forms an essential component of animal cell membranes and acts as a precursor molecule for the synthesis of other biologically important steroids.






32. A functional group present in organic acids and consisting of a single carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom and also bonded to a hydroxyl group.






33. In a heterozygote - the allele that is fully expressed in the phenotype.






34. Organizing the structures and activities of cells






35. A giant molecule formed by the joining of smaller molecules - usually by a condensation reaction. Polysaccharides - proteins - and nucleic acids are macromolecules.






36. Molecules that are mirror images of each other.






37. A type of photosynthetic cell arranged into tightly packed sheaths around the veins of a leaf.






38. A short cellular appendage specialized for locomotion - formed from a core of nine outer doublet microtubules and two inner single microtubules ensheathed in an extension of plasma membrane.






39. Charts of chromosomes that locate genes with respect to chromosomal features.






40. Any substance that cannot be broken down to any other substance






41. A subatomic particle with a single negative charge; one or more electrons move around the nucleus






42. Span the membrane 1. channel proteins which have a hydrophilic channel that certain molecules or ions can use as a tunnel through the membrane (aquaporins facilitate the passage of water through the membrane) 2. carrier proteins bind to molecules and






43. Cancerous tumor that is invasive enough to impair function of one or more organs






44. A gene located on a sex chromosome.






45. The removal of noncoding portions (introns) of the RNA molecule after initial synthesis.






46. A nonspontaneous chemical reaction in which free energy is absorbed from the surroundings






47. The entire spectrum of radiation ranging in wavelength from less than a nanometer to more than a kilometer.






48. The entry compound for the Krebs cycle in cellular respiration; formed from a fragment of pyruvate attached to a coenzyme.






49. The parent individuals from which offspring are derived in studies of inheritance; P stands for parental.






50. Attached to outside of ER or nuclear envelope- proteins that are destined for insertion into membranes or packaging certain organelles (ex: lysosome)