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AP Biology

Subjects : science, ap, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A route of electron flow during the light reactions of photosynthesis that involves both photosystems and produces ATP - NADPH - and oxygen. The net electron flow is from water to NADP+.






2. One of two families of nitrogenous bases found in nucleotides. Adenine (A) and guanine (G) are purines.






3. A virus that infects bacteria; also called a phage. See phage.






4. The cellular secretion of macromolecules by the fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane.






5. Lacking oxygen; referring to an organism - environment - or cellular process that lacks oxygen and may be poisoned by it.






6. Are not embedded in the lipid bilayer at all. Instead - the are loosely bound to the surface of the protein - often connected to integral proteins






7. A specific receptor site on some part of an enzyme molecule remote from the active site.






8. The entire spectrum of radiation ranging in wavelength from less than a nanometer to more than a kilometer.






9. A linking enzyme essential for DNA replication; catalyzes the covalent bonding of the 39 end of a new DNA fragment to the 59 end of a growing chain.






10. Collagen most abundant in animal cells






11. A taxonomic category above the kingdom level. The three domains are Archaea - Bacteria - and Eukarya.






12. The cellular process that uses special enzymes to fix incorrectly paired nucleotides.






13. ATP can power active transport by transferring a phosphate group from ATP to the transport protein. This may induce a conformation change in the transport proteins translocating the solute across the membrane






14. Dissolving agent of a solution






15. A quantum - or discrete amount - of light energy.






16. A substance that reduces the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution






17. The fluid of the chloroplast surrounding the thylakoid membrane; involved in the synthesis of organic molecules from carbon dioxide and water.






18. Constructed from glycerol and fatty acids






19. A measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid






20. A type of endocytosis involving large - particulate substances.






21. Smallest unit of matter that retains property of an element






22. The production of ATP using energy derived from the redox reactions of an electron transport chain.






23. A mutation occurring when the number of nucleotides inserted or deleted is not a multiple of three - resulting in the improper grouping of the following nucleotides into codons.






24. An aberration in chromosome structure resulting from an error in meiosis or from mutagens; specifically - reattachment of a chromosomal fragment to the chromosome from which the fragment originated - but in a reverse orientation.






25. A haploid cell such as an egg or sperm. Gametes unite during sexual reproduction to produce a diploid zygote.






26. Organizing the structures and activities of cells






27. Sequence of events in the life of a cell - from its origin in the division of a parent cell until its own division into two composed of M - G1 - S - and G2 phases






28. The tendency of molecules of any substance to spread out in the available space it is driven by intrinsic kinetic energy (thermal motion or heat) of molecules






29. A functional group important in energy transfer.






30. A storage polysaccharide in plants consisting entirely of glucose.






31. A mass of abnormal cells within otherwise normal tissue - caused by the uncontrolled growth of a transformed cell






32. Drive the diffusion of ions across a membrane 1. chemical force based on an ions concentration gradient. 2. the other is an electrical force based on the effect of the membrane potential on the ion's movement ion diffuses down its electrochemical gra






33. A long carbon chain carboxylic acid. vary in length and in the number and location of double bonds; three fatty acids linked to a glycerol molecule form fat.






34. A subatomic particle with single positive charge found in nucleus of an atom






35. In comparing two solutions - the one with a lower solute concentration.






36. Special transport proteins that generate the voltage gradient across a membrane an example is the Na+-K+ pump restores the electrochemical gradient not only by the active transport of Na+ and K+ setting up a concentration gradien but because it pumps






37. An attraction between two atoms resulting from a sharing of outer shell electrons or the presence of opposite charges on the atom; the bonded atoms gain compounds outer electron shells






38. A network of microtubules - microfilaments - and intermediate filaments that branch throughout the cytoplasm and serve a variety of mechanical and transport functions.






39. An infolding of the inner membrane of a mitochondrion that houses the electron transport chain and the enzyme catalyzing the synthesis of ATP.






40. An accessory pigment - either yellow or orange - in the chloroplasts of plants. By absorbing wavelengths of light that chlorophyll cannot - carotenoids broaden the spectrum of colors that can drive photosynthesis.






41. A chemical or physical agent that interacts with DNA and causes a mutation.






42. A structural polysaccharide of cell walls - consisting of glucose monomers joined by b-1 - 4-glycosidic linkages.






43. An already existing RNA chain bound to template DNA to which DNA nucleotides are added during DNA synthesis.






44. A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by entering the active site in place of the substrate whose structure it mimics.






45. Chromatin - nucleolus - nuclear envelope--> directs protein synthesis by synthesizing RNA (mRNA) and sending it to the cytoplasm via nuclear pores-->the mRNA is made according to instruction provided by DNA --> mRNA reaches cytoplasm ribosomes transl






46. A substance that consists of acid and base forms in a solution and that minimizes changes in pH when extraneous acids or bases are added to the solution.






47. The ability of a single gene to have multiple effects.






48. An organic molecule consisting only of carbon and hydrogen.






49. A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule.






50. A membranous sac formed by phagocytosis.