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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An infolding of the inner membrane of a mitochondrion that houses the electron transport chain and the enzyme catalyzing the synthesis of ATP.
chiasmata
cristae (plural - cristae)
actin
Oxidative Phosphorylation
2. The cell engulfs a particle by extending psedopodia around it and packaging it in a large vacuole
steroids
phagocytosis
ketone
cytoskeleton
3. The semifluid portion of the cytoplasm.
trans face
cytosol
anticodon
mitosis
4. Anything takes up space and has mass
spectrophotometer
matter
hypertonic
microfilaments
5. The first subphase of mitosis in which the chromatin is condensing and the mitotic spindle begins to form but the nucleolus and nucleus are still in intact
transfer RNA
faculative anaerobes
fluid mosaic model
prophase
6. Composed of nine sets of triplet microtubule arrange in a ring
receptor mediated endocytosis
centrioles
cyclic electron flow
macromolecule
7. Replicated forms of chromosomes joined together by the centromere and separated during mitosis and meiosis II
organic chemistry
inversion
sister chromatids
anaerobic
8. A spontaneous chemical reaction in which there is a net release of free energy
nucleic acid
malignant tumor
exergonic reaction
cystic fibrosis
9. A quantum - or discrete amount - of light energy.
chemical bonds
photon
1st law of thermodynamics
law of independent assortment
10. Having two different alleles for a given genetic character
anion
malignant tumor
heterozygous
template strand
11. A specialized structure in the nucleus - formed from various chromosomes and active in the synthesis of ribosomes.
nucleolus
feedback inhibition
helicase
carboxyl group
12. A heritable feature in a population that varies continuously as a result of environmental influences and the additive effect of two or more genes (polygenic inheritance).
electron
quantitive characters
ATP
surface tension
13. The union of haploid gametes to produce a diploid zygote.
fertilization
barr body
genetics
spliceosome
14. The synthesis of RNA on a DNA template.
transcription
peripheral proteins
thylakoids
template strand
15. The subunit that serves as the building block of a polymer.
linkage map
2nd law of thermodynamics
peripheral proteins
monomer
16. Chromosome pairs of the same length - centromere position - and staining pattern that possess genes for the same characters at corresponding loci. One homologous chromosome is inherited from the organism's father - the other from the mother.
endoplasmic reticulum
homologous chromosomes
osmosis
intermediate filaments
17. A family tree describing the occurrence of heritable characters in parents and offspring across as many generations as possible.
noncompetitive inhibitor
electron
fat
pedigree
18. Voltage across a membrane. ranges from -50 to -200 millivolts. inside of cell negative compared to the outside
ribosomes
membrane potential
unsaturated fatty acid
catalyst
19. A cell organelle constructed in the nucleolus and functioning as the site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm; consists of rRNA and protein molecules - which make up two subunits.
crossing over
C4 plants
dehydration reaction
ribosomes
20. A double sugar - consisting of two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis.
DNA ligase
bacteriophage
chromosome theory of inheritance
disaccharides
21. A special sequence of nucleotides in DNA that marks the end of a gene. It signals RNA polymerase to release the newly made RNA molecule - which then departs from the gene
terminator
alternation of generations
photosystem I
cytological maps
22. Sythesis of secretory proteins (glycoproteins) specialized cells secrete proteins produced by rough ER ribosomes and membrane production
rough ER
replication fork
benign tumor
nucleoid
23. In comparing two solutions - the one with a lower solute concentration.
sister chromatids
hypotonic
bound ribosomes
ribosomes
24. Modification of RNA before it leaves the nucleus - a process unique to eukaryotes.
mutagens
RNA processing
lysosomes
heterozygous
25. A measure of hydrogen ion concentration equal to -log [H+] and ranging in value from 0 to 14.
carotenoids
RNA
pH
telophase
26. A chemical process that lyses - or splits - molecules by the addition of water; an essential process in digestion.
duplication
hydrolysis
substrate
chlorophyll A
27. One of several atomic forms of an element each containing different number of neutrons and different in atomic mass
isotopes
nucleoid
sickle cell anemia
heterozygous
28. A membrane that encloses the central vacuole in a plant cell - separating the cytosol from the cell sap
G1 phase
peroxisomes
atom
tonoplast
29. An ion with a positive charge produced by the loss of one or more electrons
cation
complete dominance
centromere
RNA processing
30. The conversion of a normal animal cell to a cancerous cell.
pinocytosis
homozygous
transformation
food vacuoles
31. Molecules that are mirror images of each other.
denaturation
enantiomers
tight junctions
electrogenic pumps
32. The principle whereby every energy transfer or transformation increases the entropy of the universe. Ordered forms of energy are at least partly converted to heat - and in spontaneous reactions - the free energy of the system also decreases.
nucleoid
microtubules
monosaccharides
2nd law of thermodynamics
33. A cell organelle constructed in the nucleolus and functioning as the site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm; consists of rRNA and protein molecules - which make up two subunits
polysaccharides
prophase
rubisco Ribulose carboxylase
ribosomes
34. A type of endocytosis in which the cell ingests extracellular fluid and its dissolved solutes.
pinocytosis
isotonic
cytological maps
passive transport
35. A diagram used in the study of inheritance to show the results of random fertilization.
helicase
solvent
benign tumor
punnett square
36. In a heterozygote - the allele that is completely masked in the phenotype.
phenotype
recessive allele
element
fat
37. Substance consisting of two or more elements in a fixed ratio
voltage
ATP synthase
flaccid (limp)
compound
38. Many ion channels function as gated channels these channels open or close depending on the presence or absence of a chemical or physical stimulus
valence electrons
hypertonic
gated channels
cilia
39. The passive transport of water; diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane; the direction of osmosis is determined only by a difference in total solute concentration ; the kind of solutes in the solution do not matter
diffusion
dominant allele
phenotype
osmosis
40. Plants that produce offspring of the same variety when they self-pollinate.
carbohydrates
starch
true breeding
beta (B) pleated sheet
41. A virus that infects bacteria; also called a phage. See phage.
bacteriophage
fluid mosaic model
ribosomes
central vacuole
42. One of the pair of chromosomes responsible for determining the sex of an individual
noncyclic electron flow
cholesterol
sex chromosomes
condensation reaction
43. A two stage type of cell division in sexually reproducing organims that results in cells with half the chromosomes number of the original cells
meiosis
RNA
metaphase
faculative anaerobes
44. A type of blue-green photosynthetic pigment that participates directly in the light reactions.
voltage
chlorophyll A
aqueous solution
template strand
45. A type of reproduction involving only one parent that produces genetically identical offspring by budding or by the division of a single cell or the entire organism into two or more parts.
asexual reproduction
NaD+
cell division
matter
46. In plants bacteria and fungi it is the major electrogenic pump actively transporting H+ out of the cell
cyclin
base
osmosis
proton pump
47. One of several formed bodies with specialized functions - suspended in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
origins replication
krebs Cycle
organelles
osmosis
48. The second of two major stages in photosynthesis (following the light reactions) - involving atmospheric CO2 fixation and reduction of the fixed carbon into carbohydrate.
calvin cycle
inversion
actin
sporophyte
49. A dense object lying along the inside of the nuclear envelope in female mammalian cells - representing an inactivated X chromosome.
electrochemical gradient
barr body
structural isomers
crossing over
50. Maintenance of cell shape (compression resisting girders) cell motility organelle and chromosome movement
binary fission
microtubules
golgi apparatus
active site