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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A type of weak chemical bond formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one molecules is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a polar covalent in another bond
chlorophyll A
growth factor
phagocytosis
hydrogen bond
2. The multicellular diploid form in organisms undergoing alternation of generations that results from a union of gametes and that meiotically produces haploid spores that grow into the gametophyte generation.
cis face
sporophyte
telophase
nucleic acid
3. Sites of photosynthesis. convert solar energy--> chemical energy by absorbing sunlight and using it to drive the synthesis of organic compounds from CO2 and H20
monosaccharides
nucleus
chloroplast
carbohydrates
4. Having two identical alleles for a given trait.
polyribosomes
homozygous
genes
F2 generation
5. Lacking oxygen; referring to an organism - environment - or cellular process that lacks oxygen and may be poisoned by it.
triplet code
exocytosis
2nd law of thermodynamics
anaerobic
6. Complex of DNA and proteins that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome
allosteric site
chromatin
endoplasmic reticulum
microtubules
7. A measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid
surface tension
nucleus
bound ribosomes
steroids
8. The physical and physiological traits of an organism.
concentration gradient
lagging strand
phagocytosis
phenotype
9. A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation-reduction reaction
cleavage
cytokenisis
redox reactions
light reactions
10. A chromosomal condition in which a particular cell has an extra copy of one chromosome - instead of the normal two; the cell is said to be trisomic for that chromosome.
homozygous
gap junctions
trisomic
organic chemistry
11. A basic principle in biology stating that genes are located on chromosomes and that the behavior of chromosomes during meiosis accounts for inheritance patterns.
diffusion
chromosome theory of inheritance
homologous chromosomes
chloroplasts
12. One of two light-harvesting units of a chloroplast's thylakoid membrane; it uses the P700 reaction-center chlorophyll.
glycolysis
aerobic
gap junctions
photosystem I
13. An adenine-containing nucleoside triphosphate that releases free energy when its phosphate bonds are hydrolyzed. This energy is used to drive endergonic reactions in cells.
ATP
centrioles
osmosis
ligands
14. A profile of the relative performance of different wavelengths of light.
action spectrum
duchenne muscular dystropy
hypertonic
acid
15. A fatty acid possessing one or more double bonds between the carbons in the hydrocarbon tail. Such bonding reduces the number of hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon skeleton.
hybridization
unsaturated fatty acid
plasmolysis
oxidizing agent
16. Typically transmembrane proteins with hydrophobic regions that completely span the hydrophobic interior of the membrane.
integral proteins
desmosome
aqueous solution
element
17. The production of ATP using energy derived from the redox reactions of an electron transport chain.
electron microscope
metaphase
electron transport chain
Oxidative Phosphorylation
18. A giant molecule formed by the joining of smaller molecules - usually by a condensation reaction. Polysaccharides - proteins - and nucleic acids are macromolecules.
incomplete dominance
macromolecule
exergonic reaction
beta (B) pleated sheet
19. A life cycle in which there is both a multicellular diploid form - the sporophyte - and a multicellular haploid form - the gametophyte; characteristic of plants.
alternation of generations
sulfhydryl group
concentration gradient
intermediate filaments
20. A negatively charged ion
anion
purines
missense mutations
peptide bond
21. Complete complement of organisms genes; genetic material
cyclic electron flow
heat
genome
Cell-cell recognition
22. A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together.
translation
phagocytosis
lysosomes
polymer
23. Modification of RNA before it leaves the nucleus - a process unique to eukaryotes.
chlorophyll A
frameshift mutation
RNA processing
ATP
24. The cellular secretion of macromolecules by the fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane.
absorption spectrum
chromosomes
noncompetitive inhibitor
exocytosis
25. A non dividing face of the cell cycle consisting of the portion of interphase before DNA synthesis begins
plastids
G0 phase
nucleoid
ATP
26. That portion of the electromagnetic spectrum detected as various colors by the human eye - ranging in wavelength from about 380 nm to about 750 nm.
chlorophyll B
visible light
activation energy
osmoregulation
27. An extensively branched glucose storage polysaccharide found in the liver and muscle of animals; the animal equivalent of starch.
cristae (plural - cristae)
concentration gradient
glycogen
chloroplast
28. A storage polysaccharide in plants consisting entirely of glucose.
polygenic inheritance
microfilaments
ribosomes
starch
29. The chlorophyll a molecule and the primary electron acceptor in a photosystem; they trigger the light reactions of photosynthesis. The chlorophyll donates an electron - excited by light energy - to the primary electron acceptor - which passes an elec
reaction center
turgid (firm)
heterotrophs
proton pump
30. The mating - or crossing - of two varieties.
nuclear lamina
gated channels
turgid (firm)
hybridization
31. The movement of specific molecules into a cell by the inward budding of membranous vesicles containing proteins with receptor sites specific to the molecules being taken in; enables a cell to acquire bulk quantities of specific substances.
gated channels
receptor mediated endocytosis
flaccid (limp)
wavelength
32. One of a family of closely related plant organelles - including chloroplasts - chromoplasts - and amyloplasts (leucoplasts).
lysosomes
cell cycle control system
plastids
active transport
33. A membranous sac in a mature plant cell with diverse roles in reproduction - growth - and development.
cyclic photophosphorylation
intermediate filaments
fluid mosaic model
central vacuole
34. Nuclear division process; prophase - prometaphase - metaphase - anaphase - and telophse
ATP
law of independent assortment
osmosis
mitosis
35. An ion transport protein generating voltage across the membrane.
electrogenic pump
chemical bonds
cation
passive transport
36. (1) The study of energy transformations that occur in a collection of matter. See first law of thermodynamics and second law of thermodynamics. (2) A phenomenon in which external DNA is taken up by a cell and functions there.
oxidizing agent
double helix
nuclease
thermodynamics
37. That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes.
tight junctions
freeze-fracture
Rough ER
electron microscope
38. A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule.
dehydration reaction
codons
homologous chromosomes
lysosomes
39. A genetic disorder that occurs in people with two copies of a certain recessive allele; characterized by an excessive secretion of mucus and consequent vulnerability to infection; fatal if untreated.
meiosis
surface tension
cohesion
cystic fibrosis
40. Sequence of events in the life of a cell - from its origin in the division of a parent cell until its own division into two composed of M - G1 - S - and G2 phases
cellulose
G2 phase
cell cycle
endoplasmic reticulum
41. A three-nucleotide sequence of DNA or mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid or termination signal; the basic unit of the genetic code.
electrochemical gradient
codons
chromatin
neutron
42. A specific nucleotide sequence in DNA that binds RNA polymerase and indicates where to start transcribing RNA.
promoter
fluid mosaic model
NaD+
ATP
43. A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA - in some viruses).
interphase
grana
Acetyl CoA
genes
44. A steroid that forms an essential component of animal cell membranes and acts as a precursor molecule for the synthesis of other biologically important steroids.
cristae (plural - cristae)
NADP+
aqueous solution
cholesterol
45. 1. Transport of specific solutes into or out of cells. 2. Enzymatic activity - sometimes catalyzing one of a number of steps of a metabolic pathway 3. Signal transduction - relaying hormonal messages to the cell. 4. Cell-cell recognition - allowing o
functions of the proteins
osmoregulation
genome
exocytosis
46. A heritable feature in a population that varies continuously as a result of environmental influences and the additive effect of two or more genes (polygenic inheritance).
cell cycle control system
facilitated diffusion
quantitive characters
anaphase
47. A type of nucleic acid consisting of nucleotide monomers with a ribose sugar and the nitrogenous bases adenine (A) - cytosine (C) - guanine (G) - and uracil (U); usually single-stranded; functions in protein synthesis and as the genome of some viruse
sodium potassium pump
base
complete dominance
RNA
48. A type of yellow-green accessory photosynthetic pigment that transfers energy to chlorophyll a.
chlorophyll B
sickle cell anemia
trisomic
element
49. Containing oxygen; referring to an organism - environment - or cellular process that requires oxygen.
steroids
aerobic
isotopes
amniocentesis
50. The arrangement of phospholipids and proteins in biological membranes is described by the
cell plate
wavelength
fluid mosaic model
facilitated diffusion