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AP Biology

Subjects : science, ap, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Digestive compartments (macromolecules) carry out intracellular digestion . Use their hydrolytic enzymes to recycle the cell's own organic material (autophagy)






2. Sites of cellular respiration the catbolic process that generates ATP by extracting energy from sugars - fats + other fuels w/ oxygens help






3. Splits a membrane along the middle of the phospholipid bilayer. When a freeze-fracture preparation is viewed with an electron microscope - protein particles are interspersed in a smooth matrix - supporting the fluid mosaic model.






4. The loss of electrons from a substance involved in a redox reaction.






5. In comparing two solutions - the one with a lower solute concentration.






6. Proteins that facilitate the amount of diffusion)A transport protein in the plasma membrane of a plant or animal cell that specifically facilitates the diffusion of water across the membrane (osmosis).






7. An aberration in chromosome structure resulting from an error in meiosis or mutagens; duplication of a portion of a chromosome resulting from fusion with a fragment from a homologous chromosome.






8. A phenotypic situation in which the two alleles affect the phenotype in separate - distinguishable ways






9. An electrically neutral particle found in the nucleus of an atom






10. A long cellular appendage specialized for locomotion - formed from a core of nine outer doublet microtubules and two inner single microtubules - ensheathed in an extension of plasma membrane.






11. The production of ATP by noncyclic electron flow.






12. Drive the diffusion of ions across a membrane 1. chemical force based on an ions concentration gradient. 2. the other is an electrical force based on the effect of the membrane potential on the ion's movement ion diffuses down its electrochemical gra






13. The principle of conservation of energy. Energy can be transferred and transformed - but it cannot be created or destroyed.






14. A subatomic particle with single positive charge found in nucleus of an atom






15. A two stage type of cell division in sexually reproducing organims that results in cells with half the chromosomes number of the original cells






16. Center of manufacturing - warehousing - sorting - and shipping products are usually modified during their transit from the cis pole to the trans pole






17. A family tree describing the occurrence of heritable characters in parents and offspring across as many generations as possible.






18. Sites of photosynthesis. convert solar energy--> chemical energy by absorbing sunlight and using it to drive the synthesis of organic compounds from CO2 and H20






19. A profile of the relative performance of different wavelengths of light.






20. 3rd subphase in mitosis; spindle is complete and the chromosomes attached to microtubules at their kinetochores are aligned at he metaphase plate






21. A solution in which water is the solvent






22. The amount of heat that must be absorbed lost for one gram of a substance to change its temperature by one degree






23. A type of inheritance in which F1 hybrids have an appearance that is intermediate between the phenotypes of the parental varieties






24. A flattened membrane sac inside the chloroplast - used to convert light energy to chemical energy.






25. The study of carbon compounds (organic compounds).






26. The formation of ATP by directly transferring a phosphate group to ADP from an intermediate substrate in catabolism.






27. A measure of hydrogen ion concentration equal to -log [H+] and ranging in value from 0 to 14.






28. That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes.






29. A functional group that consists of a nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms; can act as a base in solution - accepting a hydrogen ion and acquiring a charge of +1.






30. A microscope that focuses an electron beam through a specimen - resulting in resolving power a thousandfold greater than that of a light microscope. A transmission electron microscope (TEM) is used to study the internal structure of thin sections of






31. A protein covalently attached to a carbohydrate.






32. A quantum - or discrete amount - of light energy.






33. A change in a gene at a single nucleotide pair






34. A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule.






35. A threadlike - gene-carrying structure found in the nucleus. Each chromosome consists of one very long DNA molecule and associated proteins.






36. A machine that spins test tubes at the fastest speeds to separate liquids and particles of different densities.






37. Sequence of events in the life of a cell - from its origin in the division of a parent cell until its own division into two composed of M - G1 - S - and G2 phases






38. The electron acceptor in a redox reaction.






39. An additive effect of two or more gene loci on a single phenotypic character.






40. The cellular uptake of macromolecules and particulate substances by localized regions of the plasma membrane that surround the substance and pinch off to form an intracellular vesicle.






41. The spontaneous passage of molecules and ions - bound to specific carrier proteins - across a biological membrane down their concentration gradients






42. A type of strong chemical bond in which two atoms share one pair of valence electrons






43. Sythesis of secretory proteins (glycoproteins) specialized cells secrete proteins produced by rough ER ribosomes and membrane production






44. Modification of RNA before it leaves the nucleus - a process unique to eukaryotes.






45. The most prevalent and efficient catabolic pathway for the production of ATP - in which oxygen is consumed as a reactant along with the organic fuel.






46. Walled cells are _____ in isotonic surroundings - where there is no tendency for water to enter.






47. A subatomic particle with a single negative charge; one or more electrons move around the nucleus






48. A membrane-enclosed bag of hydrolytic enzymes found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.






49. An increase or decrease in the density of a chemical substance in an area. Cells often maintain concentration gradients of ions across their membranes. When a gradient exists - the ions or other chemical substances involved tend to move from where th






50. A type of reproduction in which two parents give rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes inherited from the gametes of the two parents.