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AP Biology

Subjects : science, ap, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The ability of a single gene to have multiple effects.






2. Generate and degrade H2O2 in performing various metabolic functions transfer hydrogen from various substrates to oxygen and they produce H2O2. Use O to break fatty acids that can be sent to mitochondria






3. Special transport proteins that generate the voltage gradient across a membrane an example is the Na+-K+ pump restores the electrochemical gradient not only by the active transport of Na+ and K+ setting up a concentration gradien but because it pumps






4. Function like rivets fastening cells together into strong sheets Intermediate filaments reinforce this






5. (1) An atom's central core - containing protons and neutrons. (2) The chromosome-containing organelle of a eukaryotic cell. (3) A cluster of neurons.






6. That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes.






7. The spontaneous tendency of a substance to move down its concentration gradient from a more concentrated to a less concentrated area.






8. An additive effect of two or more gene loci on a single phenotypic character.






9. A long carbon chain carboxylic acid. vary in length and in the number and location of double bonds; three fatty acids linked to a glycerol molecule form fat.






10. Chromosome pairs of the same length - centromere position - and staining pattern that possess genes for the same characters at corresponding loci. One homologous chromosome is inherited from the organism's father - the other from the mother.






11. A membranous sac that helps move excess water out of the cell.






12. The mating - or crossing - of two varieties.






13. A functional group present in aldehydes and ketones and consisting of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom.






14. Cancerous tumor that is invasive enough to impair function of one or more organs






15. A short cellular appendage specialized for locomotion - formed from a core of nine outer doublet microtubules and two inner single microtubules ensheathed in an extension of plasma membrane.






16. Constructed from glycerol and fatty acids






17. Region where cells microtubules are initiated






18. The diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane






19. The ability of a cell to distinguish one type of neighboring cell from another is crucial to the functioning of an organism carbohydrates are important for this






20. An active transport mechanism in cell membranes that consumes ATP to force hydrogen ions out of a cell and - in the process - generates a membrane potential






21. An organelle in eukaryotic cells consisting of stacks of flat membranous sacs that modify - store - and route products of the endoplasmic reticulum.






22. Having aversion to water tend to coalesce and form droplets of water






23. Synthesis phase of cell cycle; portion of interphase which DNA is replicated






24. Modification of RNA before it leaves the nucleus - a process unique to eukaryotes.






25. An extensive membranous network in eukaryotic cells - continuous with the outer nuclear membrane and composed of ribosome-studded (rough) and ribosome-free (smooth) regions.






26. An acceptor that temporarily stores energized electrons produced during the light reactions.






27. Electrical potential energy due to the separation of opposite charges






28. The entire spectrum of radiation ranging in wavelength from less than a nanometer to more than a kilometer.






29. The spread of cancer to locations distant form original site






30. The subunit that serves as the building block of a polymer.






31. A glycoprotein in the extracellular matrix of animal cells that forms strong fibers - found extensively in connective tissue and bone; the most abundant protein in the animal kingdom.






32. Maintenance of cell shape (compression resisting girders) cell motility organelle and chromosome movement






33. The transmission of traits from one generation to the next.






34. The new continuous complementary DNA strand synthesized along the template strand in the mandatory 5' 3' direction.






35. Double membrane perforated by pores which regulate entry and exit of certain macromolecules and particles






36. Molecules that are mirror images of each other.






37. Charts of chromosomes that locate genes with respect to chromosomal features.






38. Are not embedded in the lipid bilayer at all. Instead - the are loosely bound to the surface of the protein - often connected to integral proteins






39. One of a family of closely related plant organelles - including chloroplasts - chromoplasts - and amyloplasts (leucoplasts).






40. Center of manufacturing - warehousing - sorting - and shipping products are usually modified during their transit from the cis pole to the trans pole






41. The physical and physiological traits of an organism.






42. A catabolic process that makes a limited amount of ATP from glucose without an electron transport chain and that produces a characteristic end product - such as ethyl alcohol or lactic acid.






43. A method of metabolic control in which the end product of a metabolic pathway acts as an inhibitor of an enzyme within that pathway.






44. A flattened membrane sac inside the chloroplast - used to convert light energy to chemical energy.






45. The electron donor in a redox reaction.






46. A negatively charged ion






47. Any substance that cannot be broken down to any other substance






48. One of two families of nitrogenous bases found in nucleotides. Cytosine (C) - thymine (T) - and uracil (U) are pyrimidines.






49. A chemical process that lyses - or splits - molecules by the addition of water; an essential process in digestion.






50. A globular protein that links into chains - two of which twist helically about each other - forming microfilaments in muscle and other contractile elements in cells.







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