Test your basic knowledge |

AP Biology

Subjects : science, ap, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An organic compound with a carbonyl group of which the carbon atom is bonded to two other carbons.






2. An organism that makes ATP by aerobic respiration if oxygen is present but that switches to fermentation under anaerobic conditions.






3. The ability of a cell to distinguish one type of neighboring cell from another is crucial to the functioning of an organism carbohydrates are important for this






4. The transmission of traits from one generation to the next.






5. Having aversion to water tend to coalesce and form droplets of water






6. The most abundant type of RNA - which together with proteins - forms the structure of ribosomes. Ribosomes coordinate the sequential coupling of tRNA molecules to mRNA codons.






7. A two stage type of cell division in sexually reproducing organims that results in cells with half the chromosomes number of the original cells






8. Charts of chromosomes that locate genes with respect to chromosomal features.






9. A method of metabolic control in which the end product of a metabolic pathway acts as an inhibitor of an enzyme within that pathway.






10. Having an affinity to water






11. In cellular metabolism - the use of energy released from an exergonic reaction to drive an endergonic reaction.






12. The spread of cancer to locations distant form original site






13. Composed of nine sets of triplet microtubule arrange in a ring






14. A type of weak chemical bond formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one molecules is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a polar covalent in another bond






15. A fatty acid possessing one or more double bonds between the carbons in the hydrocarbon tail. Such bonding reduces the number of hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon skeleton.






16. A microbody containing enzymes that transfer hydrogen from various substrates to oxygen - producing and then degrading hydrogen peroxide.






17. A type of yellow-green accessory photosynthetic pigment that transfers energy to chlorophyll a.






18. A functional group consisting of a hydrogen atom joined to an oxygen atom by a polar covalent bond. Molecules possessing this group are soluble in water and are called alcohols.






19. A chromosomal alteration in which the organism possesses more than two complete chromosome sets.






20. An organism that obtains organic food molecules without eating other organisms or substances derived from other organisms. Autotrophs use energy from the sun or from the oxidation of inorganic substances to make organic molecules from inorganic ones.






21. Generate and degrade H2O2 in performing various metabolic functions transfer hydrogen from various substrates to oxygen and they produce H2O2. Use O to break fatty acids that can be sent to mitochondria






22. Uses energy to move solutes against their gradients; requires the cell to expend metabolic energy; enables a cell to maintain its internal concentrations of small molecules that would otherwise diffuse across he membrane ; ATP supplies the energy for






23. The spontaneous passage of molecules and ions - bound to specific carrier proteins - across a biological membrane down their concentration gradients






24. A specialized molecule sharing the reaction center with the chlorophyll a molecule; it accepts an electron from the chlorophyll a molecule.






25. A specialized base triplet at one end of a tRNA molecule that recognizes a particular complementary codon on an mRNA molecule.






26. 1. Transport of specific solutes into or out of cells. 2. Enzymatic activity - sometimes catalyzing one of a number of steps of a metabolic pathway 3. Signal transduction - relaying hormonal messages to the cell. 4. Cell-cell recognition - allowing o






27. Complex of DNA and proteins that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome






28. A type of reproduction in which two parents give rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes inherited from the gametes of the two parents.






29. Constructed from glycerol and fatty acids






30. A subatomic particle with a single negative charge; one or more electrons move around the nucleus






31. The attraction of an atom for the electrons of a covalent bond






32. A noncoding - intervening sequence within a eukaryotic gene.






33. An RNA molecule that functions as an interpreter between nucleic acid and protein language by picking up specific amino acids and recognizing the appropriate codons in the mRNA.






34. A double sugar - consisting of two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis.






35. A special transport protein in the plasma membrane of animal cells that transports sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell against their concentration gradients.






36. The substance in which animal tissue cells are embedded consisting of protein and polysaccharides.






37. A type of blue-green photosynthetic pigment that participates directly in the light reactions.






38. Lacking oxygen; referring to an organism - environment - or cellular process that lacks oxygen and may be poisoned by it.






39. A cell containing only one set of chromosomes (n).






40. Protein appendages loosely bound to the surface of the membrane and not embedded in the lipid bilayer.






41. Sites of photosynthesis. convert solar energy--> chemical energy by absorbing sunlight and using it to drive the synthesis of organic compounds from CO2 and H20






42. In comparing two solutions - the one with a lower solute concentration.






43. The entire spectrum of radiation ranging in wavelength from less than a nanometer to more than a kilometer.






44. A tiny membranous sac in a cell's cytoplasm carrying molecules produced by the cell.






45. A functional group present in organic acids and consisting of a single carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom and also bonded to a hydroxyl group.






46. An organic molecule consisting only of carbon and hydrogen.






47. (1) The conversion of a normal animal cell to a cancerous cell. (2) A change in genotype and phenotype due to the assimilation of external DNA by a cell.






48. A loosely arranged photosynthetic cell located between the bundle sheath and the leaf surface.






49. Organization of DNA and proteins into fibrous material






50. ATP can power active transport by transferring a phosphate group from ATP to the transport protein. This may induce a conformation change in the transport proteins translocating the solute across the membrane