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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The cellular uptake of macromolecules and particulate substances by localized regions of the plasma membrane that surround the substance and pinch off to form an intracellular vesicle.
noncompetitive inhibitor
endocytosis
Peripheral proteins
faculative anaerobes
2. The steps in photosynthesis that occur on the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast and that convert solar energy to the chemical energy of ATP and NADPH - evolving oxygen in the process.
G0 phase
light reactions
punnett square
phospholipid
3. A diagram used in the study of inheritance to show the results of random fertilization.
ribosomes
grana
punnett square
centromere
4. The arrangement of phospholipids and proteins in biological membranes is described by the
fluid mosaic model
plastids
metaphase
hypertonic
5. The splitting of glucose into pyruvate. Glycolysis is the one metabolic pathway that occurs in all living cells - serving as the starting point for fermentation or aerobic respiration
glycolysis
cell wall
cytological maps
Rough ER
6. A long cellular appendage specialized for locomotion - formed from a core of nine outer doublet microtubules and two inner single microtubules - ensheathed in an extension of plasma membrane.
flagella
punnett square
genetic recombination
incomplete dominance
7. Compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in the covalent arrangements of their atoms.
endergonic reaction
frameshift mutation
structural isomers
noncyclic phosphorylation
8. A nonspontaneous chemical reaction in which free energy is absorbed from the surroundings
codons
endergonic reaction
clone
facilitated diffusion
9. Collagen most abundant in animal cells
ECM function in support - adhesion - movement - and regulation (glycoproteins)
gated channels
noncompetitive inhibitor
pedigree
10. A fatty acid in which all carbons in the hydrocarbon tail are connected by single bonds - thus maximizing the number of hydrogen atoms that can attach to the carbon skeleton.
facilitated diffusion
telophase
saturated fatty acid
anticodon
11. Reproduction of cells
ketone
cell division
macromolecule
clone
12. The multicellular haploid form in organisms undergoing alternation of generations that mitotically produces haploid gametes that unite and grow into the sporophyte generation.
mitochondria
sex linked genes
faculative anaerobes
gametophyte
13. The ability of a cell to distinguish one type of neighboring cell from another is crucial to the functioning of an organism carbohydrates are important for this
fat
proton pump
asexual reproduction
Cell-cell recognition
14. An acceptor that temporarily stores energized electrons produced during the light reactions.
chloroplast
NADP+
plastids
anion
15. A haploid cell such as an egg or sperm. Gametes unite during sexual reproduction to produce a diploid zygote.
gametes
helicase
polyribosomes
double helix
16. That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes.
photophosphorylation
Substrate-Level Phosphorylation
wild type
Rough ER
17. Penetrate the hydrophobic core of the lipid bilayer - often completely spanning the membrane (as transmembrane proteins).
Integral proteins
law of independent assortment
adhesion
gametophyte
18. 3rd subphase in mitosis; spindle is complete and the chromosomes attached to microtubules at their kinetochores are aligned at he metaphase plate
metaphase
genetics
pinocytosis
grana
19. Suspended in cytosol which will function in cytosol (ex:enzymes)
primary transcript
complete dominance
free ribosomes
action spectrum
20. Organizing the structures and activities of cells
genotype
cytoskeleton
ATP
trisomic
21. (1) An atom's central core - containing protons and neutrons. (2) The chromosome-containing organelle of a eukaryotic cell. (3) A cluster of neurons.
nucleolus
electron transport chain
nucleus
cilia
22. The addition of electrons to a substance involved in a redox reaction.
aqueous solution
reduction
transcription unit
viral envelope
23. Rain - snow - or fog that is more acidic than pH 5.6.
acid precipitation
electrogenic pump
DNA ligase
absorption spectrum
24. Special transport proteins that generate the voltage gradient across a membrane an example is the Na+-K+ pump restores the electrochemical gradient not only by the active transport of Na+ and K+ setting up a concentration gradien but because it pumps
electrogenic pumps
covalent bonds
viral envelope
cotransport
25. The substance in which animal tissue cells are embedded consisting of protein and polysaccharides.
extracellular matrix
electrochemical gradient
condensation reaction
energy coupling
26. The most abundant type of RNA - which together with proteins - forms the structure of ribosomes. Ribosomes coordinate the sequential coupling of tRNA molecules to mRNA codons.
hypertonic
starch
ribosomal RNA
absorption spectrum
27. Replicated forms of chromosomes joined together by the centromere and separated during mitosis and meiosis II
bacteriophage
sister chromatids
leading strand
terminator
28. The attraction between different kinds of molecules
adhesion
cytoplasm
passive transport
glycosidic linkage
29. A protein that must be present in the extracellular environment for the growth and normal development of certain types of cells
phagocytosis
tetrad
growth factor
photophosphorylation
30. A two-stage type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that results in cells with half the chromosome number of the original cell.
cleavage
gametes
pedigree
meiosis
31. A basic principle in biology stating that genes are located on chromosomes and that the behavior of chromosomes during meiosis accounts for inheritance patterns.
heat
chromosome theory of inheritance
G1 phase
bound ribosomes
32. In plants bacteria and fungi it is the major electrogenic pump actively transporting H+ out of the cell
ATP synthase
Oxidative Phosphorylation
proton pump
incomplete dominance
33. Attached to outside of ER or nuclear envelope- proteins that are destined for insertion into membranes or packaging certain organelles (ex: lysosome)
bound ribosomes
nucleolus
mitochondria
polygenic inheritance
34. Differences between members of the same species.
binary fission
allosteric site
promoter
variation
35. A profile of the relative performance of different wavelengths of light.
solute
inversion
chromosome theory of inheritance
action spectrum
36. Electrical potential energy due to the separation of opposite charges
feedback inhibition
organic chemistry
voltage
transfer RNA
37. A chemical agent that changes the rate of a reaction without being consumed by the reaction.
chemical bonds
gap junctions
catalyst
meiosis
38. A membranous sac formed by phagocytosis.
Integral proteins
organic chemistry
template strand
food vacuoles
39. The formation of ATP by directly transferring a phosphate group to ADP from an intermediate substrate in catabolism.
RNA polymerase
Substrate-Level Phosphorylation
cell division
phospholipids
40. A type of covalent bond between atoms that differ in electronegativity. the shared electrons are pulled closer to the more electronegative atom. making one slightly negative and the other slightly positive
nucleolus
polar covalent bonds
RNA splicing
clone
41. Offspring resulting from interbreeding of the hybrid F1 generation.
hydrophilic
gated channels
F2 generation
noncyclic phosphorylation
42. Fourth subphase of mitosis in which the chromatids of each chromosome have separated and the daughter chromosomes are moving to the poles of the cell
anaphase
noncyclic electron flow
cell cycle control system
endoplasmic reticulum
43. The amount of energy that reactants must absorb before a chemical reaction will start.
purines
activation energy
photorespiration
chromosomes
44. A structural polysaccharide of cell walls - consisting of glucose monomers joined by b-1 - 4-glycosidic linkages.
cellulose
hemophilia
fatty acid
receptor mediated endocytosis
45. Organization of DNA and proteins into fibrous material
photophosphorylation
alternation of generations
chromatin
cell cycle
46. A sugar (monosaccharide) or one of its dimers (disaccharides) or polymers (polysaccharides).
carbohydrates
cotransport
CAM
active site
47. A functional group consisting of a sulfur atom bonded to a hydrogen atom (—SH).
barr body
genetic recombination
cytoskeleton
sulfhydryl group
48. The spontaneous passage of molecules and ions - bound to specific carrier proteins - across a biological membrane down their concentration gradients
alternation of generations
flagella
isotonic
facilitated diffusion
49. A type of endocytosis involving large - particulate substances.
epistasis
tight junctions
phagocytosis
transformation
50. The principle whereby every energy transfer or transformation increases the entropy of the universe. Ordered forms of energy are at least partly converted to heat - and in spontaneous reactions - the free energy of the system also decreases.
fluid mosaic model
carbonyl groups
2nd law of thermodynamics
amino acid
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