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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Organisms that are capable of interbreeding with one another and incapable of breeding with other species.
tailings
tropical storm
Second Law of Thermodynamics
species
2. When the energy released from waste incineration is used to generate electricity.
green tax
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program
thermosphere
El Nino
3. The amount of sugar that the plants produce in photosynthesis and subtracting from it the amount of energy the plants need for growth maintenance - repair - and reproduction.
keystone species
secondary pollutants
Gross Primary Productivity
global warming
4. A high-speed - meandering wind current - generally moving from a westerly direction at speeds often exceeding 400 km (250 miles) per hour at altitudes of 15 to 25 km (10 to 15 miles).
albedo
jet stream
arable
keystone species
5. Bacteria or fungi that absorb nutrients from nonliving organic matter like plant material - the wastes of living organisms - and corpses. They convert these materials into inorganic forms.
decomposer
potential energy
natural selection
ED50
6. Can consist of hazardous waste - industrial solid waste - or municipal waste. Many types of solid waste provide a threat to human health and the environment.
green tax
climax community
thermocline
solid waste
7. Involves the sinking of shafts to reach underground deposits. In this type of mining - networks of tunnels are dug or blasted and humans enter these tunnels in order to manually retrieve the coal.
underground mining
strip mining
First Law of Thermodynamics
demographic transition model
8. Pollution that does not have a specific point of release - open -loop recycling -when materials are reused to form new products.
mantle
non-point source pollution
mutualism
alkaline
9. A symbiotic relationship in which one member is helped by the association and the other is harmed.
parasitism
r-selected
silviculture
pathogens
10. When populations are well below the size dictated by the carrying capacity of the region they live in - they will grow exponentially - but as they approach the carrying capacity - their growth rate will decrease and the size of the population will ev
competitive exclusion
logistic population growth
high-level radioactive waste
energy pyramid
11. A tank filled with aerobic bacteria that's used to treat sewage.
conservation
poison
sludge processor
shelter-wood cutting
12. A bloom of dinoflagellates that causes reddish discoloration of coastal ocean waters. Certain dinoflagellates of the genus Gonyamfox produce toxins that kill fish and contaminate shellfish.
acid precipitation
aquifer
plate boundaries
red tide
13. A species whose very presence contributes to an ecosystem's diversity and whose extinction would consequently lead to the extinction of other forms of life.
weather
invasive species
fly ash
keystone species
14. Graphical representations of populations' ages.
A layer
bituminous
food web
age-structure pyramids
15. The industry or occupation devoted to the catching - processing - or selling of fish - shellfish - or other aquatic animals.
fishery
Hadley cell
assimilation
extinction
16. The total sum of a species' use of the biotic and abiotic resources in its environment.
niche
clear-cutting
bituminous
lignite
17. Fish farming in which fish are caught in the wild and not raised in captivity for consumption.
natural selection
capture fisheries
slash-and-burn
toxin
18. Any water that has been used by humans. This includes human sewage - water drained from showers - tubs - sinks - dishwashers - washing machines - water from industrial processes - and storm water runoff.
Hadley cell
wastewater
community
U.S. Noise Control Act
19. Radioactive wastes that produce low levels of ionizing radiation.
mineral deposit
trophic level
low-level radioactive waste
species
20. Any other species of fish - mammals - or birds that are caught that are not the target organism.
by-catch
primary consumers
consumption
nonrenewable resources
21. The solids that remain after the secondary treatment of sewage.
habitat fragmentation
LD50
petroleum
sludge
22. Organisms that reproduce later in life - produce fewer offspring - and devote significant time and energy to the nurturing of their offspring.
k-selected
keystone species
physical treatmen
O layer
23. A model that's used to predict population trends based on the birth and death rates as well as economic status of a population.
silviculture
pioneer species
demographic transition model
deforestation
24. A group of modern windmills.
O layer
wind farm
competitive exclusion
La Nina
25. The gradual breakdown of rock into smaller and smaller particles - caused by natural chemical - physical - and biological factors.
transpiration
logistic population growth
weathering
detritivore
26. The result of vibrations (often due to plate movements) deep in the Earth that release energy. They often occur as two plates slide past one another at a transform boundary.
earthquake
traditional subsistence agriculture
biotic potential
producer
27. An animal that only consumes other animals.
consumer
tree farms
carnivore
mutualism
28. Devices containing alkaline substances that precipitate out much of the sulfur dioxide from industrial plants.
thermocline
scrubbers
ozone holes
albedo
29. Any substance that has an LD50 - of 50 mg or less per kg of body weight.
poison
reservoir
El Nino
B layer
30. Using strategies to reduce the amount of risk (the degree of likelihood that a person will become ill upon exposure to a toxin or pathogen).
risk management
emigration
Gross Primary Productivity
contour farming
31. Countries that have a renewable annual water supply of less than 1 -000 m3 per person.
logistic population growth
petroleum
convection currents
water-scarce
32. Biotic and abiotic natural ecosystems.
low-level radioactive waste
convergent boundary
photochemical smog
natural resources
33. The removal of all of the trees in an area.
monoculture
overburden
clear-cutting
mantle
34. A layer in a large body of water - such as a lake - that sharply separates regions differing in temperature - so that the temperature gradient across the layer is abrupt.
denitrification
producer
Superfund Program
thermocline
35. Countries that have a renewable annual water supply of about 1 -000 -2 -000 m3 per person.
carrying capacity
greenhouse effect
upwelling
water-stressed
36. Any waste that poses a danger to human health; it must be dealt with in a different way from other types of waste.
acute effect
hazardous waste
toxicity
biomagnifications
37. An estimate of the amount of fossil fuel that can be obtained from reserve.
proven reserve
Coriolis effect
extinction
delta
38. Smog resulting from emissions from industry and other sources of gases produced by the burning of fossil fuels - especially coal.
total fertility rate
stationary sources
gray smog (industrial smog)
radiant energy
39. Pollutants that are formed by the combination of primary pollutants in the atmosphere.
inner core
malnutrition
gray smog (industrial smog)
secondary pollutants
40. Pollutants that are released directly into the lower atmosphere.
Superfund Program
primary pollutants
radiant energy
combustion
41. The amount of time it takes for half of a radioactive sample to disappear.
passive solar energy collection
convection
Half-life
k-selected
42. When grass is consumed by animals at a faster rate than it can regrow.
overgrazed
risk management
logistic population growth
B layer
43. A hydrocarbon deposit - such as petroleum - coal - or natural gas - derived from living matter of a previous geologic time and used for fuel.
water-stressed
fossil fuel
A layer
convergent boundary
44. When ecological succession begins in a virtually lifeless area - such as the area behind a moving glacier.
greenhouse effect
primary succession
physical (mechanical) weathering
wastewater
45. When companies are allowed to buy permits that allow them a certain amount of discharge of substances into certain environmental outlets. If they can reduce their amount of discharge - they are allowed to sell the remaining portion of their permit to
market permits
nuclear fusion
demographic transition model
total fertility rate
46. States that matter can neither be created nor destroyed.
acute effect
k-selected
law of conservation of matter
contour farming
47. The process by which the concentration of toxic substances increases in each successive link in the food chain.
sludge
green tax
biomagnifications
overgrazed
48. A semiconductor device that converts the energy of sunlight into electric energy.
toxicity
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
nonrenewable resources
La Nina
49. The development and introduction of new varieties of (mainly) wheat and rice that has increased yields per acre dramatically in countries since the 1960s.
gray smog (industrial smog)
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
Green Revolution
coral reef
50. Refers to resources - such as plants and animals - which can be regenerated if harvested at sustainable yields.
renewable resources
drip irrigation
denitrification
arable