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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A place where a large quantity of a resource sits for a long period of time.
k-selected
long lining
omnivores
reservoir
2. The removal of trees for agricultural purposes or purposes of exportation.
deforestation
species
silt
scrubbers
3. Creating flat platforms in the hillside that provide a level planting surface - which reduces soil runoff from the slope.
mineral deposit
preservation
bioaccumulation
terracing
4. A fishing technique in which the ocean floor is literally scraped by heavy nets that smash everything in their path.
acid precipitation
demographic transition model
bottom trawling
food chain
5. Any compound that releases hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. Also - a water solution that contains a surplus of hydrogen ions.
primary consumers
old growth forest
preservation
acid
6. When mature trees are cut over a period of time (usually10 -20 years); this leaves mature trees - which can reseed the forest - in place.
tertiary consumers
convection
shelter-wood cutting
toxin
7. Urban areas that heat up more quickly and retain heat more than do nonurban areas.
building-related illness
heat islands
riparian right
fault
8. A fiscal policy that lowers taxes on income - including wages and profit - and raises taxes on consumption - particularly the unsustainable consumption of non-renewable resources.
green tax
nonrenewable resources
albedo
climax community
9. The effect caused by a short exposure to a high level of toxin.
Immigration
ecological succession
acute effect
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
10. The total sum of a species' use of the biotic and abiotic resources in its environment.
Second Law of Thermodynamics
niche
acid precipitation
anthracite
11. A complex of interrelated food chains in an ecological community.
climax community
r-selected
food web
global warming
12. The process of fusing two nuclei.
nuclear fusion
Superfund Program
respiration
aquifer
13. A group of modern windmills.
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program
nonrenewable resources
loamy
wind farm
14. When populations are well below the size dictated by the carrying capacity of the region they live in - they will grow exponentially - but as they approach the carrying capacity - their growth rate will decrease and the size of the population will ev
consumer
logistic population growth
arable
k-selected
15. Fish farming in which fish are caught in the wild and not raised in captivity for consumption.
hazardous waste
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
capture fisheries
risk assessment
16. Formed from populations of different species occupying the same geographic area.
predation
thermocline
Gross Primary Productivity
community
17. Any waste that poses a danger to human health; it must be dealt with in a different way from other types of waste.
fission
niche
hazardous waste
shelter-wood cutting
18. The development and introduction of new varieties of (mainly) wheat and rice that has increased yields per acre dramatically in countries since the 1960s.
r-selected
Green Revolution
plate boundaries
subbituminous
19. A method of supplying irrigation water through tubes that literally drip water onto the soil at the base of each plant.
drip irrigation
subbituminous
plate boundaries
assimilation
20. Pollution that does not have a specific point of release - open -loop recycling -when materials are reused to form new products.
strip mining
photochemical smog
primary treatment
non-point source pollution
21. The random fluctuations in the frequency of the appearance of a gene in a small isolated population - presumably owing to chance - rather than natural selection.
carrying capacity
hazardous waste
natural resources
genetic drift
22. The conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into compounds - such as ammonia - by natural agencies or various industrial processes.
loamy
mineral deposit
thermocline
nitrogen fixation
23. The vertical movement of a mass of matter due to heating and cooling; this can happen in both the atmosphere and Earth's mantle.
traditional subsistence agriculture
green tax
asthenosphere
convection
24. When water rights are given to those who have historically used the water in a certain area.
prior appropriation
toxicity
population density
asthenosphere
25. The outer part of the Earth - consisting of the crust and upper mantle - approximately 100 km (62 miles) thick.
toxin
point source pollution
lithosphere
noise pollution
26. The phenomenon whereby the Earth's atmosphere traps solar radiation - caused by the presence in the atmosphere of gases such as carbon dioxide - water vapor - and methane that allow incoming sunlight to pass through - but absorb heat radiated back fr
assimilation
greenhouse effect
albedo
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
27. Involves the removal of the Earth's surface all the way down to the level of the mineral seam.
strip mining
hydroelectric power
La Nina
jet stream
28. A hydrocarbon that forms as sediments are buried and pressurized.
evolution
petroleum
respiration
heat islands
29. When soil becomes water-logged and then dries out - and salt forms a layer on its surface.
photochemical smog
surface fires
primary treatment
land degradation
30. A symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit.
mutualism
secondary treatment
hazardous waste
aquifer
31. A bloom of dinoflagellates that causes reddish discoloration of coastal ocean waters. Certain dinoflagellates of the genus Gonyamfox produce toxins that kill fish and contaminate shellfish.
red tide
symbiotic relationships
anthracite
primary treatment
32. The removal of select trees in an area; this leaves the majority of the habitat in place and has less of an impact on the ecosystem.
secondary pollutants
tailings
selective cutting
point source pollution
33. In fishing - the use of long lines that have baited hooks and will be taken by numerous aquatic organisms.
long lining
El Nino
demographic transition model
Headwaters
34. An influential theory that concerns the long-term rate of conventional oil (and other fossil fuel) extraction and depletion. It predicts that future world oil production will soon reach a peak and then rapidly decline.
Uneven-aged management
fission
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
silt
35. The layer of the Earth between the crust and the core.
biomagnifications
mantle
fossil fuel
inner core
36. Occurs when infection causes a change in the state of health.
subduction zone
risk management
habitat fragmentation
disease
37. When ecological succession begins in a virtually lifeless area - such as the area behind a moving glacier.
plate boundaries
stationary sources
surface fires
primary succession
38. In a sewage treatment plant - the initial filtration that is done to remove debris such as stones - sticks - rags - toys - and other objects that were flushed down the toilet.
physical treatmen
salinization
Infection
market permits
39. A nuclear reaction in which an atomic nucleus - especially a heavy nucleus such as an isotope of uranium - splits into fragments - usually two fragments of comparable mass - releasing from 100 million to several hundred million electron volts of ener
fission
no-till
greenhouse effect
tailings
40. The management or regulation of a resource so that its use does not exceed the capacity of the resource to regenerate itself.
death rate (crude death rate)
logistic population growth
conservation
watershed
41. A cyclonic storm having winds ranging from approximately 48 to 121 km (30 to 75 miles) per hour.
food web
erosion
tropical storm
silviculture
42. States that matter can neither be created nor destroyed.
carrying capacity
carnivore
mantle
law of conservation of matter
43. The area or environment where an organism or ecological community normally lives or occurs.
overgrazed
sand
habitat
leachate
44. The bedrock - which lies below all of the other layers of soil - is referred to as the R horizon.
R horizon
photosynthesis
sludge processor
old growth forest
45. Being extinct or the process of becoming extinct.
proven reserve
low-level radioactive waste
traditional subsistence agriculture
extinction
46. The fraction of solar energy that is reflected back into space.
albedo
water-scarce
net Primary Productivity (NPP)
U.S. Noise Control Act
47. The process by which - according to Darwin's theory of evolution - only the organisms best adapted to their environment tend to survive and transmit their genetic characteristics in increasing numbers to succeeding generations - while those less adap
Superfund Program
natural selection
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
aquifer
48. The atmospheric pressure conditions corresponding to the periodic warming of El Nino and cooling of La Nina.
secondary pollutants
r-selected
Southern Oscillation
non-point source pollution
49. The practice of alternating the crops grown on a piece of land - for example - corn one year - legumes for two years - and then back to corn.
kinetic energy
crop rotation
primary treatment
symbiotic relationships
50. Involves the sinking of shafts to reach underground deposits. In this type of mining - networks of tunnels are dug or blasted and humans enter these tunnels in order to manually retrieve the coal.
carrying capacity
poison
replacement birth rate
underground mining