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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
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Subjects
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science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Gave the EPA power to set emission standards for major sources of noise - including transportation - machinery - and construction.
U.S. Noise Control Act
strip mining
by-catch
predation
2. The result of chemical interaction with the bedrock that is typical of the action of both water and atmospheric gases.
chronic effect
chemical weathering
by-catch
producer
3. Devices containing alkaline substances that precipitate out much of the sulfur dioxide from industrial plants.
scrubbers
acute effect
leachate
aquifer
4. Any water that has been used by humans. This includes human sewage - water drained from showers - tubs - sinks - dishwashers - washing machines - water from industrial processes - and storm water runoff.
edge effect
thermosphere
ED50
wastewater
5. The raising of fish and other aquatic species in captivity for harvest.
Aquaculture
divergent boundary
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
aquifer
6. Nets that are dragged through the water and indiscriminately catch everything in their path.
erosion
doldrums
driftnets
old growth forest
7. Species that originate and live - or occur naturally - in an area or environment.
indigenous species
combustion
capture fisheries
respiration
8. The vertical movement of a mass of matter due to heating and cooling; this can happen in both the atmosphere and Earth's mantle.
convection
land degradation
active collection
sick building syndrome
9. Being extinct or the process of becoming extinct.
conservation
non-point source pollution
pathogens
extinction
10. An area in which a particular mineral is concentrated - mining -the excavation of the Earth for the purpose of extracting ore or minerals.
mineral deposit
biotic potential
threshold dose
transpiration
11. Countries that have a renewable annual water supply of less than 1 -000 m3 per person.
symbiotic relationships
crude oil
water-scarce
poison
12. The development and introduction of new varieties of (mainly) wheat and rice that has increased yields per acre dramatically in countries since the 1960s.
Green Revolution
tailings
estuary
old growth forest
13. Also known as transform faults - boundaries at which plates are moving past each other - sideways.
hurricane (typhoon - cyclone)
transform boundary
primary consumers
species
14. Says that the entropy (disorder) of the universe is increasing. One corollary of the Second Law of thermodynamics is the concept that - in most energy transformations - a significant fraction of energy is lost to the universe as heat.
primary treatment
Second Law of Thermodynamics
biological weathering
conservation
15. Using strategies to reduce the amount of risk (the degree of likelihood that a person will become ill upon exposure to a toxin or pathogen).
low-level radioactive waste
risk management
Green Revolution
transpiration
16. Air currents caused by the vertical movement of air due to atmospheric heating and cooling.
acute effect
second growth forests
greenbelt
convection currents
17. The thinning of the ozone layer over Antarctica (and to some extent - over the Arctic).
red tide
underground mining
ozone holes
heat islands
18. When a species occupies a smaller niche than it would in the absence of competition.
hazardous waste
mantle
acid precipitation
realized niche
19. A high-speed - meandering wind current - generally moving from a westerly direction at speeds often exceeding 400 km (250 miles) per hour at altitudes of 15 to 25 km (10 to 15 miles).
jet stream
indigenous species
silt
carnivore
20. The A layer of soil is often referred to as topsoil and is most important for plant growth.
ozone holes
secondary pollutants
topsoil
combustion
21. The process by which - according to Darwin's theory of evolution - only the organisms best adapted to their environment tend to survive and transmit their genetic characteristics in increasing numbers to succeeding generations - while those less adap
silviculture
natural selection
thermocline
consumer
22. An introduced - normative species.
dose-response curve
invasive species
long lining
Uneven-aged management
23. The liquid that percolates to the bottom of a landfill.
producer
leachate
El Nino
weathering
24. A method of supplying irrigation water through tubes that literally drip water onto the soil at the base of each plant.
Aquaculture
drip irrigation
food chain
ecological footprint
25. The uppermost horizon of soil. It is primarily made up of organic material - including waste from organisms - the bodies of decomposing organisms - and live organisms.
O layer
fault
convergent boundary
physical (mechanical) weathering
26. Radioactive wastes that produce high levels of ionizing radiation.
biological weathering
ED50
high-level radioactive waste
primary consumers
27. When the size of an organism's natural habitat is reduced - or when development occurs that isolates a habitat.
habitat fragmentation
birth rate (crude birth rate)
leachate
passive solar energy collection
28. The process in which animals (and plants!) breathe and give off carbon dioxide from cellular metabolism.
respiration
water-stressed
delta
silviculture
29. A hydrocarbon deposit - such as petroleum - coal - or natural gas - derived from living matter of a previous geologic time and used for fuel.
fossil fuel
toxicity
community
arable
30. A soil horizon - horizon C is made up of larger pieces of rock that have not undergone much weathering.
bottom trawling
C layer
overburden
keystone species
31. Change in the genetic composition of a population during successive generations as a result of natural selection acting on the genetic variation among individuals and resulting in the development of new species.
deforestation
greenbelt
dose-response analysis
evolution
32. When one species feeds on another.
doldrums
predation
passive solar energy collection
decomposer
33. The condition in which - at ecosystem boundaries - there is greater species diversity and biological density than there is in the heart of ecological communities.
composting
carrying capacity
edge effect
biosphere
34. Also known as plantations - these are planted and managed tracts of trees of the same age that are harvested for commercial use.
global warming
tree farms
radiant energy
upwelling
35. A process that allows the organic material in solid waste to be decomposed and reintroduced into the soil - often as fertilizer.
tailings
pathogens
composting
B layer
36. A semiconductor device that converts the energy of sunlight into electric energy.
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
bioaccumulation
consumer
divergent boundary
37. Piles of gangue - which is the waste material that results from mining.
tailings
jet stream
vector
biotic potential
38. An organism such as a bacterium or protozoan - that obtains its nourishment through the oxidation of inorganic chemical compounds - as opposed to photosynthesis.
fault
closed-loop recycling
driftnets
chemotroph (chemoautotroph)
39. Can consist of hazardous waste - industrial solid waste - or municipal waste. Many types of solid waste provide a threat to human health and the environment.
solid waste
energy
building-related illness
thermocline
40. Calculating risk - or the degree of likelihood that a person will become ill upon exposure to a toxin or pathogen.
inner core
photochemical smog
risk assessment
scrubbers
41. Living or derived from living things.
tropical storm
riparian right
Hadley cell
biotic
42. When ecological succession begins in a virtually lifeless area - such as the area behind a moving glacier.
risk assessment
primary succession
habitat
autotroph
43. Any weathering that's caused by the activities of living organisms.
biological weathering
acute effect
acid precipitation
greenhouse effect
44. Energy at rest - or stored energy.
potential energy
barrels
energy pyramid
primary pollutants
45. Any waste that poses a danger to human health; it must be dealt with in a different way from other types of waste.
predation
hazardous waste
Infection
primary pollutants
46. The cleanest-burning coal; almost pure carbon.
albedo
anthracite
subbituminous
total fertility rate
47. The process by which specialized bacteria (mostly anaerobic bacteria) convert ammonia to NOy NO2 - and N2 and release it back to the atmosphere.
traditional subsistence agriculture
denitrification
albedo
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
48. The outer part of the Earth - consisting of the crust and upper mantle - approximately 100 km (62 miles) thick.
biosphere
proven reserve
estuary
lithosphere
49. The movement of individuals out of a population.
bituminous
barrier island
nonrenewable resources
emigration
50. One that has never been cut; these forests have not been seriously disturbed for several hundred years.
old growth forest
population density
k-selected
natural resources
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