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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An area in which a particular mineral is concentrated - mining -the excavation of the Earth for the purpose of extracting ore or minerals.
Hadley cell
mineral deposit
evolution
food web
2. The carrier organism through which pathogens can attack.
ecological succession
Hadley cell
edge effect
vector
3. The random fluctuations in the frequency of the appearance of a gene in a small isolated population - presumably owing to chance - rather than natural selection.
genetic drift
proven reserve
predation
green tax
4. When a species occupies a smaller niche than it would in the absence of competition.
overburden
realized niche
salinization
Headwaters
5. The management or regulation of a resource so that its use does not exceed the capacity of the resource to regenerate itself.
kinetic energy
leachate
conservation
physical (mechanical) weathering
6. The result of a pathogen invading a body.
Infection
crude oil
producer
First Law of Thermodynamics
7. The amount of the Earth's surface that's necessary to supply the needs of - and dispose of the waste from a particular population.
B layer
symbiotic relationships
energy
ecological footprint
8. The maintenance of a species or ecosystem in order to ensure their perpetuation - with no concern as to their potential monetary value
agroforestry
upwelling
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
preservation
9. The liquid that percolates to the bottom of a landfill.
omnivores
greenbelt
leachate
closed-loop recycling
10. The process by which specialized bacteria (mostly anaerobic bacteria) convert ammonia to NOy NO2 - and N2 and release it back to the atmosphere.
Uneven-aged management
composting
predation
denitrification
11. The vertical movement of a mass of matter due to heating and cooling; this can happen in both the atmosphere and Earth's mantle.
hazardous waste
wind farm
doldrums
convection
12. The number of live births per 1 -000 members of the population in a year.
hurricane (typhoon - cyclone)
ozone holes
food chain
birth rate (crude birth rate)
13. The part of the mantle that lies just below the lithosphere.
asthenosphere
green tax
respiration
upwelling
14. A system of vertical and horizontal air circulation predominating in tropical and subtropical regions and creating major weather patterns.
birth rate (crude birth rate)
point source pollution
biomagnifications
Hadley cell
15. Organisms that reproduce later in life - produce fewer offspring - and devote significant time and energy to the nurturing of their offspring.
O layer
biosphere
omnivores
k-selected
16. A nuclear reaction in which an atomic nucleus - especially a heavy nucleus such as an isotope of uranium - splits into fragments - usually two fragments of comparable mass - releasing from 100 million to several hundred million electron volts of ener
C layer
low-level radioactive waste
fission
active collection
17. The phenomenon whereby the Earth's atmosphere traps solar radiation - caused by the presence in the atmosphere of gases such as carbon dioxide - water vapor - and methane that allow incoming sunlight to pass through - but absorb heat radiated back fr
combustion
bottom trawling
greenhouse effect
slash-and-burn
18. Resources that are often formed by very slow geologic processes - so we consider them incapable of being regenerated within the realm of human existence.
trophic level
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
selective cutting
nonrenewable resources
19. A lowland area - such as a marsh or swamp - that is saturated with moisture - especially when regarded as the natural habitat of wildlife.
primary pollutants
global warming
wetlands
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
20. The water from which a river rises; a source.
Headwaters
energy pyramid
thermosphere
mutualism
21. A stable - mature community in a successive series that has reached equilibrium after having evolved through stages and adapted to its environment.
primary treatment
climax community
secondary pollutants
crop rotation
22. The raising of fish and other aquatic species in captivity for harvest.
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
preservation
Aquaculture
autotroph
23. When trees and crops are planted together - creating a mutualistic symbiotic relationship between them.
passive solar energy collection
agroforestry
catalytic converter
silt
24. A group of organisms of the same species that live in the same area.
sand
Uneven-aged management
convergent boundary
population
25. A high-speed - meandering wind current - generally moving from a westerly direction at speeds often exceeding 400 km (250 miles) per hour at altitudes of 15 to 25 km (10 to 15 miles).
jet stream
Gross Primary Productivity
producer
barrels
26. Using strategies to reduce the amount of risk (the degree of likelihood that a person will become ill upon exposure to a toxin or pathogen).
risk management
scrubbers
B layer
replacement birth rate
27. The industry or occupation devoted to the catching - processing - or selling of fish - shellfish - or other aquatic animals.
sick building syndrome
convection
carnivore
fishery
28. The finest soil - made up of particles that are less than 0.002 mm in diameter.
fly ash
greenhouse effect
clay
tailings
29. The capacity to do work.
transform boundary
scrubbers
proven reserve
energy
30. The process by which - according to Darwin's theory of evolution - only the organisms best adapted to their environment tend to survive and transmit their genetic characteristics in increasing numbers to succeeding generations - while those less adap
secondary treatment
nitrogen fixation
natural selection
secondary pollutants
31. The energy of motion.
acute effect
kinetic energy
energy
evaporation
32. The point at which 50 percent of the test organisms show a negative effect from a toxin.
conservation
deep well injection
Uneven-aged management
ED50
33. A fishing technique in which the ocean floor is literally scraped by heavy nets that smash everything in their path.
capture fisheries
Half-life
omnivores
bottom trawling
34. An organism such as a bacterium or protozoan - that obtains its nourishment through the oxidation of inorganic chemical compounds - as opposed to photosynthesis.
silviculture
carrying capacity
chemotroph (chemoautotroph)
volcanoes
35. A process in which rows of crops are plowed across the hillside; this prevents the erosion that can occur when rows are cut up and down on a slope. ...
contour farming
old growth forest
keystone species
leachate
36. A process that allows the organic material in solid waste to be decomposed and reintroduced into the soil - often as fertilizer.
estuary
composting
driftnets
decomposer
37. The number of children a couple must have in order to replace themselves in a population.
market permits
conservation
proven reserve
replacement birth rate
38. In tectonic plates - the site at which an oceanic plate is sliding under a continental plate.
subduction zone
Second Law of Thermodynamics
sludge
composting
39. The conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into compounds - such as ammonia - by natural agencies or various industrial processes.
realized niche
nitrogen fixation
Headwaters
physical treatmen
40. The structure obtained if we organize the amount of energy contained in producers and consumers in an ecosystem by kilocalories per square meter - from largest to smallest.
death rate (crude death rate)
food chain
selective cutting
energy pyramid
41. The form petroleum takes when in the ground.
atmosphere
crude oil
deep well injection
R horizon
42. The total sum of a species' use of the biotic and abiotic resources in its environment.
tropical storm
k-selected
niche
biomagnifications
43. Change in the genetic composition of a population during successive generations as a result of natural selection acting on the genetic variation among individuals and resulting in the development of new species.
pathogens
omnivores
Gross Primary Productivity
evolution
44. When one species feeds on another.
predation
habitat fragmentation
age-structure pyramids
climax community
45. The solids that remain after the secondary treatment of sewage.
sludge
edge effect
niche
composting
46. The part of the wide lower course of a river where its current is met by the tides.
estuary
driftnets
keystone species
producer
47. The result of vibrations (often due to plate movements) deep in the Earth that release energy. They often occur as two plates slide past one another at a transform boundary.
Uneven-aged management
earthquake
potential energy
strip mining
48. A layer of soil.
acute effect
Second Law of Thermodynamics
high-level radioactive waste
Horizon
49. The molten core of the Earth.
tertiary consumers
non-point source pollution
overgrazed
inner core
50. The effect caused by a short exposure to a high level of toxin.
acute effect
preservation
Second Law of Thermodynamics
lignite