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AP Environmental Science

Subjects : science, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The liquid that percolates to the bottom of a landfill.






2. Using strategies to reduce the amount of risk (the degree of likelihood that a person will become ill upon exposure to a toxin or pathogen).






3. Occurs when infection causes a change in the state of health.






4. The gradual breakdown of rock into smaller and smaller particles - caused by natural chemical - physical - and biological factors.






5. Transition in species composition of a biological community - often following ecological disturbance of the community; the establishment of a biological community in any area virtually barren of life.






6. Power generated using water.






7. Organisms that are capable of interbreeding with one another and incapable of breeding with other species.






8. Non-moving sources of pollution - such as factories.






9. The outer part of the Earth - consisting of the crust and upper mantle - approximately 100 km (62 miles) thick.






10. The bedrock - which lies below all of the other layers of soil - is referred to as the R horizon.






11. When a species occupies a smaller niche than it would in the absence of competition.






12. The outermost shell of the atmosphere - between the mesosphere and outer space - where temperatures increase steadily with altitude.






13. The process by which - according to Darwin's theory of evolution - only the organisms best adapted to their environment tend to survive and transmit their genetic characteristics in increasing numbers to succeeding generations - while those less adap






14. Drilling a hole in the ground that's below the water table to hold waste.






15. A tank filled with aerobic bacteria that's used to treat sewage.






16. Any water that has been used by humans. This includes human sewage - water drained from showers - tubs - sinks - dishwashers - washing machines - water from industrial processes - and storm water runoff.






17. An organism that must obtain food energy from secondary sources - for example - by eating plant or animal matter.






18. The result of vibrations (often due to plate movements) deep in the Earth that release energy. They often occur as two plates slide past one another at a transform boundary.






19. Land that's fit to be cultivated.






20. The number of children a couple must have in order to replace themselves in a population.






21. A high-speed - meandering wind current - generally moving from a westerly direction at speeds often exceeding 400 km (250 miles) per hour at altitudes of 15 to 25 km (10 to 15 miles).






22. The process in which animals (and plants!) breathe and give off carbon dioxide from cellular metabolism.






23. The process of soil particles being carried away by wind or water. Erosion moves the smaller particles first and hence degrades the soil to a coarser - sandier - stonier texture.






24. Also known as transform faults - boundaries at which plates are moving past each other - sideways.






25. An introduced - normative species.






26. The movement of individuals into a population.






27. An organism such as a bacterium or protozoan - that obtains its nourishment through the oxidation of inorganic chemical compounds - as opposed to photosynthesis.






28. The dosage level of a toxin at which a negative effect occurs.






29. An influential theory that concerns the long-term rate of conventional oil (and other fossil fuel) extraction and depletion. It predicts that future world oil production will soon reach a peak and then rapidly decline.






30. Is the practice of planting bands of different crops across a hillside.






31. An effect that results from long -term exposure to low levels of toxin.






32. The process by which the concentration of toxic substances increases in each successive link in the food chain.






33. The finest soil - made up of particles that are less than 0.002 mm in diameter.






34. The water from which a river rises; a source.






35. An influential theory that concerns the long - term rate of conventional oil (and other fossil fuel) extraction and depletion. It predicts that future world oil production will soon reach a peak and then rapidly decline.






36. An intensification of the Greenhouse Effect due to the increased presence of heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere.






37. The degree to which a substance is biologically harmful.






38. An opening in the Earth's crust through which molten lava - ash - and gases are ejected.






39. The A layer of soil is often referred to as topsoil and is most important for plant growth.






40. Graphical representations of populations' ages.






41. A soil horizon; the layer below the O layer is called the A layer. The A layer is formed of weathered rock - with some organic material; often referred to as topsoil.






42. The condition in which - at ecosystem boundaries - there is greater species diversity and biological density than there is in the heart of ecological communities.






43. The amount of time it takes for half of a radioactive sample to disappear.






44. Nets that are dragged through the water and indiscriminately catch everything in their path.






45. Smog resulting from emissions from industry and other sources of gases produced by the burning of fossil fuels.






46. The cultivation of a single crop on a farm or in a region or country; a single - homogeneous culture without diversity or dissension.






47. An organism that cannot synthesize its own food and is dependent on complex organic substances for nutrition.






48. When an area of vegetation is cut down and burned before being planted with crops.






49. The unit used to describe the volume of fossil fuels.






50. Countries that have a renewable annual water supply of less than 1 -000 m3 per person.







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