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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
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science
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ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A process in which an organism is exposed to a toxin at different concentrations - and the dosage that causes the death of the organism is recorded.
rain shadow
dose-response analysis
thermocline
catalytic converter
2. The process of soil particles being carried away by wind or water. Erosion moves the smaller particles first and hence degrades the soil to a coarser - sandier - stonier texture.
delta
conservation
extinction
erosion
3. A platinum - coated device that oxidizes most of the VOCs and some of the CO that would otherwise be emitted in exhaust - converting them to CO2.
slash-and-burn
convergent boundary
catalytic converter
doldrums
4. Soil with particles 0.002 -0.05 mm in diameter.
silt
birth rate (crude birth rate)
consumption
edge effect
5. Smog resulting from emissions from industry and other sources of gases produced by the burning of fossil fuels.
industrial smog (gray smog)
contour farming
assimilation
O layer
6. The degree to which a substance is biologically harmful.
species
poison
toxicity
Hadley cell
7. The use of devices - such as solar panels - to collect - focus - transport - or store solar energy.
mantle
active collection
volcanoes
chemical weathering
8. Fires that typically burn only the forest's underbrush and do little damage to mature trees. Surface fires actually serve to protect the forest from more harmful fires by removing underbrush and dead materials that would burn quickly and at high temp
mutualism
silviculture
surface fires
La Nina
9. In fishing - the use of long lines that have baited hooks and will be taken by numerous aquatic organisms.
tailings
long lining
hurricane (typhoon - cyclone)
no-till
10. An area in which a particular mineral is concentrated - mining -the excavation of the Earth for the purpose of extracting ore or minerals.
age-structure pyramids
U.S. Noise Control Act
mineral deposit
fishery
11. The solids that remain after the secondary treatment of sewage.
threshold dose
sludge
pathogens
birth rate (crude birth rate)
12. The dark - crumbly - nutrient-rich material that results from the decomposition of organic material.
population
humus
prior appropriation
emigration
13. When an area of vegetation is cut down and burned before being planted with crops.
slash-and-burn
symbiotic relationships
primary treatment
El Nino
14. A semiconductor device that converts the energy of sunlight into electric energy.
secondary treatment
ecological footprint
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
deep well injection
15. The effect caused by a short exposure to a high level of toxin.
anthracite
LD50
risk assessment
acute effect
16. Refers to resources - such as plants and animals - which can be regenerated if harvested at sustainable yields.
realized niche
renewable resources
C layer
driftnets
17. When a species occupies a smaller niche than it would in the absence of competition.
realized niche
detritivore
parasitism
lignite
18. The process in which soil bacteria convert ammonium (NH4+) to a form that can be used by plants; nitrate - or NO3.
chemotroph (chemoautotroph)
biological weathering
nitrification
convergent boundary
19. Formed from populations of different species occupying the same geographic area.
dose-response curve
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program
community
capture fisheries
20. The removal of trees for agricultural purposes or purposes of exportation.
water-stressed
La Nina
deforestation
earthquake
21. The vertical movement of a mass of matter due to heating and cooling; this can happen in both the atmosphere and Earth's mantle.
closed-loop recycling
convection
threshold dose
albedo
22. Organisms that reproduce early in life and often and have a high capacity for reproductive growth.
r-selected
natural resources
overburden
secondary pollutants
23. Organisms that consume secondary consumers or other tertiary consumers.
tertiary consumers
nuclear fusion
terracing
fishery
24. Areas where cutting has occurred and a new - younger forest has arisen.
habitat
second growth forests
bioaccumulation
combustion
25. Also known as transform faults - boundaries at which plates are moving past each other - sideways.
scrubbers
transform boundary
industrial smog (gray smog)
keystone species
26. The raising of fish and other aquatic species in captivity for harvest.
Aquaculture
wetlands
k-selected
combustion
27. The process in which plants absorb ammonium (NH3) - ammonia ions (NH4+) - and nitrate ions (NO3) through their roots.
assimilation
realized niche
Headwaters
wetlands
28. The process in green plants and certain other organisms by which carbohydrates are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water using light as an energy source. Most forms of photosynthesis release oxygen as a byproduct.
lithosphere
photosynthesis
slash-and-burn
bituminous
29. Bacteria or fungi that absorb nutrients from nonliving organic matter like plant material - the wastes of living organisms - and corpses. They convert these materials into inorganic forms.
decomposer
parasitism
physical (mechanical) weathering
aquifer
30. The result of a pathogen invading a body.
Infection
invasive species
toxin
climax community
31. Land that's fit to be cultivated.
emigration
arable
water-stressed
Southern Oscillation
32. Non-moving sources of pollution - such as factories.
stationary sources
atmosphere
birth rate (crude birth rate)
fly ash
33. Countries that have a renewable annual water supply of less than 1 -000 m3 per person.
keystone species
water-scarce
coral reef
mantle
34. The number of live births per 1 -000 members of the population in a year.
terracing
k-selected
pathogens
birth rate (crude birth rate)
35. A process that allows the organic material in solid waste to be decomposed and reintroduced into the soil - often as fertilizer.
evolution
composting
albedo
autotroph
36. An organism that cannot synthesize its own food and is dependent on complex organic substances for nutrition.
fishery
heterotrophy
biosphere
LD50
37. The amount that the population would grow if there were unlimited resources in its environment.
biotic potential
hazardous waste
La Nina
underground mining
38. The form petroleum takes when in the ground.
building-related illness
salinization
carnivore
crude oil
39. The random fluctuations in the frequency of the appearance of a gene in a small isolated population - presumably owing to chance - rather than natural selection.
genetic drift
photochemical smog
replacement birth rate
barrels
40. An influential theory that concerns the long-term rate of conventional oil (and other fossil fuel) extraction and depletion. It predicts that future world oil production will soon reach a peak and then rapidly decline.
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
building-related illness
tree farms
Horizon
41. The finest soil - made up of particles that are less than 0.002 mm in diameter.
consumer
clay
salinization
Second Law of Thermodynamics
42. A stable - mature community in a successive series that has reached equilibrium after having evolved through stages and adapted to its environment.
climax community
C layer
nitrification
inner core
43. The process by which the concentration of toxic substances increases in each successive link in the food chain.
competitive exclusion
biomagnifications
shelter-wood cutting
non-point source pollution
44. Is the practice of planting bands of different crops across a hillside.
Southern Oscillation
Green Revolution
parasitism
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
45. Occurs when infection causes a change in the state of health.
industrial smog (gray smog)
disease
ecological succession
tree farms
46. Any substance than is inhaled - ingested - or absorbed at dosages sufficient to damage a living organism.
red tide
hazardous waste
acid precipitation
toxin
47. A layer in a large body of water - such as a lake - that sharply separates regions differing in temperature - so that the temperature gradient across the layer is abrupt.
trade winds
thermocline
delta
second growth forests
48. The gaseous mass or envelope surrounding a celestial body - especially the one surrounding the Earth - which is retained by the celestial body's gravitational field.
transform boundary
thermosphere
hurricane (typhoon - cyclone)
atmosphere
49. A specific location from which pollution is released; an example of a point source location is a factory where wood is being burned.
point source pollution
producer
primary consumers
tree farms
50. The liquid that percolates to the bottom of a landfill.
red tide
leachate
competitive exclusion
biological weathering
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