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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The number of children an average woman will bear during her lifetime; this information is based on an analysis of data from preceding years in the population in question.
topsoil
total fertility rate
low-level radioactive waste
R horizon
2. The coarsest soil - with particles 0.05 -2.0 mm in diameter.
reservoir
sand
Headwaters
capture fisheries
3. An influential theory that concerns the long-term rate of conventional oil (and other fossil fuel) extraction and depletion. It predicts that future world oil production will soon reach a peak and then rapidly decline.
estuary
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
crop rotation
high-level radioactive waste
4. Transition in species composition of a biological community - often following ecological disturbance of the community; the establishment of a biological community in any area virtually barren of life.
ecological succession
hurricane (typhoon - cyclone)
salinization
pioneer species
5. A hydrocarbon that forms as sediments are buried and pressurized.
petroleum
red tide
terracing
doldrums
6. Graphical representations of populations' ages.
age-structure pyramids
transform boundary
community
driftnets
7. When the signs and symptoms of an illness can be attributed to a specific infectious organism that resides in the building.
A layer
building-related illness
tropospheric ozone
surface fires
8. The process in which animals (and plants!) breathe and give off carbon dioxide from cellular metabolism.
respiration
natural resources
non-point source pollution
thermosphere
9. Change in the genetic composition of a population during successive generations as a result of natural selection acting on the genetic variation among individuals and resulting in the development of new species.
ecosystem capital
O layer
evolution
divergent boundary
10. A climate variation that takes place in the tropical Pacific about every three to seven years - for a duration of about one year.
biomagnifications
sludge
U.S. Noise Control Act
El Nino
11. The low-rainfall region that exists on the leeward (downwind) side of a mountain range. This rain shadow is the result of the mountain range's causing precipitation on the windward side.
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
secondary treatment
rain shadow
k-selected
12. Organisms that derive energy from consuming nonliving organic matter.
niche
birth rate (crude birth rate)
primary consumers
detritivore
13. The uppermost horizon of soil. It is primarily made up of organic material - including waste from organisms - the bodies of decomposing organisms - and live organisms.
chemical weathering
O layer
barrels
nitrogen fixation
14. The energy of motion.
deep well injection
ecological succession
kinetic energy
community
15. A process in which cold - often nutrient-rich - waters from the ocean depths rise to the surface.
upwelling
wastewater
ecosystem capital
indigenous species
16. A platinum - coated device that oxidizes most of the VOCs and some of the CO that would otherwise be emitted in exhaust - converting them to CO2.
catalytic converter
nuclear fusion
doldrums
niche
17. The process by which - according to Darwin's theory of evolution - only the organisms best adapted to their environment tend to survive and transmit their genetic characteristics in increasing numbers to succeeding generations - while those less adap
natural selection
sick building syndrome
abiotic
water-stressed
18. The use of devices - such as solar panels - to collect - focus - transport - or store solar energy.
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
community
terracing
active collection
19. The point at which 50 percent of the test organisms show a negative effect from a toxin.
tertiary consumers
total fertility rate
slash-and-burn
ED50
20. The area or environment where an organism or ecological community normally lives or occurs.
tailings
tropical storm
habitat
First Law of Thermodynamics
21. The part of the mantle that lies just below the lithosphere.
selective cutting
contour farming
habitat
asthenosphere
22. In a sewage treatment plant - the initial filtration that is done to remove debris such as stones - sticks - rags - toys - and other objects that were flushed down the toilet.
industrial smog (gray smog)
detritivore
mutualism
physical treatmen
23. States that matter can neither be created nor destroyed.
law of conservation of matter
risk assessment
terracing
weathering
24. This category includes organisms that consume producers (plants and algae).
primary consumers
pioneer species
low-level radioactive waste
drip irrigation
25. Any other species of fish - mammals - or birds that are caught that are not the target organism.
acute effect
keystone species
by-catch
photosynthesis
26. Organisms that consume both producers and primary consumers.
birth rate (crude birth rate)
food web
total fertility rate
omnivores
27. When materials - such as plastic or aluminum - are used to rebuild the same product. An example of this is the use of the aluminum from aluminum cans to produce more aluminum cans.
closed-loop recycling
death rate (crude death rate)
Hadley cell
terracing
28. The number of children a couple must have in order to replace themselves in a population.
Immigration
birth rate (crude birth rate)
replacement birth rate
hydroelectric power
29. Fires that typically burn only the forest's underbrush and do little damage to mature trees. Surface fires actually serve to protect the forest from more harmful fires by removing underbrush and dead materials that would burn quickly and at high temp
surface fires
heat islands
k-selected
energy pyramid
30. A layer of soil.
long lining
k-selected
Horizon
invasive species
31. A model that's used to predict population trends based on the birth and death rates as well as economic status of a population.
demographic transition model
convection currents
petroleum
biomagnifications
32. Drilling a hole in the ground that's below the water table to hold waste.
predation
closed-loop recycling
deep well injection
secondary pollutants
33. Countries that have a renewable annual water supply of less than 1 -000 m3 per person.
water-scarce
Immigration
convection currents
transpiration
34. Any substance than is inhaled - ingested - or absorbed at dosages sufficient to damage a living organism.
transpiration
thermosphere
erosion
toxin
35. The value of natural resources.
riparian right
fishery
climax community
ecosystem capital
36. Non-moving sources of pollution - such as factories.
Hadley cell
lignite
primary treatment
stationary sources
37. Biotic and abiotic natural ecosystems.
natural resources
ecological succession
dose-response analysis
climax community
38. The process by which the concentration of toxic substances increases in each successive link in the food chain.
toxin
biomagnifications
species
surface fires
39. The industry or occupation devoted to the catching - processing - or selling of fish - shellfish - or other aquatic animals.
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
law of conservation of matter
fishery
shelter-wood cutting
40. The removal of trees for agricultural purposes or purposes of exportation.
deforestation
agroforestry
Infection
topsoil
41. The observed effect of the Coriolis force - especially the deflection of an object moving above the Earth - rightward in the Northern Hemisphere - and leftward in the Southern Hemisphere.
Coriolis effect
physical treatmen
nitrification
species
42. Involves the removal of the Earth's surface all the way down to the level of the mineral seam.
global warming
building-related illness
assimilation
strip mining
43. The region draining into river system or other body of water.
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
La Nina
nitrification
watershed
44. An introduced - normative species.
combustion
invasive species
fly ash
thermosphere
45. Land that's fit to be cultivated.
nuclear fusion
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
arable
physical treatmen
46. The dark - crumbly - nutrient-rich material that results from the decomposition of organic material.
hazardous waste
predation
trade winds
humus
47. Countries that have a renewable annual water supply of about 1 -000 -2 -000 m3 per person.
replacement birth rate
tree farms
water-stressed
point source pollution
48. The carrier organism through which pathogens can attack.
composting
parasitism
vector
risk management
49. Organisms that reproduce later in life - produce fewer offspring - and devote significant time and energy to the nurturing of their offspring.
chemical weathering
food web
k-selected
capture fisheries
50. The broad category under which selective cutting and shelter-wood cutting fall; selective deforestation.
Uneven-aged management
barrels
inner core
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program