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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An estimate of the amount of fossil fuel that can be obtained from reserve.
petroleum
proven reserve
disease
heterotrophy
2. Calculating risk - or the degree of likelihood that a person will become ill upon exposure to a toxin or pathogen.
humus
proven reserve
risk assessment
conservation
3. The amount of time it takes for half of a radioactive sample to disappear.
A layer
volcanoes
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
Half-life
4. Organisms that are capable of interbreeding with one another and incapable of breeding with other species.
fossil fuel
monoculture
primary pollutants
species
5. Occurs when infection causes a change in the state of health.
disease
vector
heterotrophy
First Law of Thermodynamics
6. The gaseous mass or envelope surrounding a celestial body - especially the one surrounding the Earth - which is retained by the celestial body's gravitational field.
point source pollution
biotic
atmosphere
bituminous
7. The unit used to describe the volume of fossil fuels.
Gross Primary Productivity
species
barrels
contour farming
8. The vertical movement of a mass of matter due to heating and cooling; this can happen in both the atmosphere and Earth's mantle.
autotroph
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program
tropical storm
convection
9. A succession of organisms in an ecological community that constitutes a continuation of food energy from one organism to another as each consumes a lower member and - in turn - is preyed upon by a higher member.
strip mining
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
food chain
birth rate (crude birth rate)
10. A model that's used to predict population trends based on the birth and death rates as well as economic status of a population.
demographic transition model
watershed
Coriolis effect
green tax
11. Any waste that poses a danger to human health; it must be dealt with in a different way from other types of waste.
primary consumers
chemotroph (chemoautotroph)
hazardous waste
nuclear fusion
12. When companies are allowed to buy permits that allow them a certain amount of discharge of substances into certain environmental outlets. If they can reduce their amount of discharge - they are allowed to sell the remaining portion of their permit to
overburden
vector
conservation
market permits
13. A process in which cold - often nutrient-rich - waters from the ocean depths rise to the surface.
upwelling
toxin
sick building syndrome
potential energy
14. An introduced - normative species.
Horizon
water-stressed
traditional subsistence agriculture
invasive species
15. A place where a large quantity of a resource sits for a long period of time.
catalytic converter
reservoir
divergent boundary
no-till
16. The layer of the Earth between the crust and the core.
mantle
ozone holes
prior appropriation
chemical weathering
17. When soil becomes water-logged and then dries out - and salt forms a layer on its surface.
pioneer species
land degradation
decomposer
biotic
18. Formed from populations of different species occupying the same geographic area.
Half-life
community
denitrification
wind farm
19. Pollutants that are formed by the combination of primary pollutants in the atmosphere.
competitive exclusion
secondary pollutants
underground mining
erosion
20. Fish farming in which fish are caught in the wild and not raised in captivity for consumption.
k-selected
capture fisheries
birth rate (crude birth rate)
species
21. The area or environment where an organism or ecological community normally lives or occurs.
hydroelectric power
wastewater
community
habitat
22. When the majority of a building's occupants experience certain symptoms that vary with the amount of time spent in the building.
parasitism
bioaccumulation
crude oil
sick building syndrome
23. Any weathering that's caused by the activities of living organisms.
Gross Primary Productivity
biological weathering
primary treatment
First Law of Thermodynamics
24. To convert or change into a vapor.
evaporation
silviculture
First Law of Thermodynamics
r-selected
25. A layer in a large body of water - such as a lake - that sharply separates regions differing in temperature - so that the temperature gradient across the layer is abrupt.
thermocline
doldrums
symbiotic relationships
acid precipitation
26. An area in which a particular mineral is concentrated - mining -the excavation of the Earth for the purpose of extracting ore or minerals.
mineral deposit
O layer
food web
second growth forests
27. The form petroleum takes when in the ground.
preservation
topsoil
crude oil
lignite
28. Bacteria or fungi that absorb nutrients from nonliving organic matter like plant material - the wastes of living organisms - and corpses. They convert these materials into inorganic forms.
biomagnifications
conservation
decomposer
ecological succession
29. A stable - mature community in a successive series that has reached equilibrium after having evolved through stages and adapted to its environment.
parasitism
hazardous waste
prior appropriation
climax community
30. The removal of trees for agricultural purposes or purposes of exportation.
deforestation
carrying capacity
law of conservation of matter
Headwaters
31. An intensification of the Greenhouse Effect due to the increased presence of heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere.
global warming
population density
rain shadow
estuary
32. When photochemical smog - NOx compounds - VOCs - and ozone combine to form smog with a brownish hue.
greenhouse effect
genetic drift
net Primary Productivity (NPP)
photochemical smog
33. A cyclonic storm having winds ranging from approximately 48 to 121 km (30 to 75 miles) per hour.
aquifer
atmosphere
clay
tropical storm
34. Involves the sinking of shafts to reach underground deposits. In this type of mining - networks of tunnels are dug or blasted and humans enter these tunnels in order to manually retrieve the coal.
underground mining
atmosphere
symbiotic relationships
overburden
35. Species that originate and live - or occur naturally - in an area or environment.
natural resources
denitrification
divergent boundary
indigenous species
36. The number of individuals of a population that inhabit a certain unit of land or water area.
invasive species
lignite
population density
overgrazed
37. A group of organisms of the same species that live in the same area.
radiant energy
population
nonrenewable resources
extinction
38. A platinum - coated device that oxidizes most of the VOCs and some of the CO that would otherwise be emitted in exhaust - converting them to CO2.
low-level radioactive waste
food web
catalytic converter
habitat
39. Is equal to the number of deaths per 1 -000 members of the population in a year.
sludge
chronic effect
death rate (crude death rate)
omnivores
40. Any other species of fish - mammals - or birds that are caught that are not the target organism.
by-catch
rain shadow
extinction
Southern Oscillation
41. An erosion-resistant marine ridge or mound consisting chiefly of compacted coral together with algal material and biochemically deposited magnesium and calcium carbonates.
rain shadow
coral reef
no-till
sludge processor
42. The number of children an average woman will bear during her lifetime; this information is based on an analysis of data from preceding years in the population in question.
logistic population growth
total fertility rate
prior appropriation
slash-and-burn
43. When trees and crops are planted together - creating a mutualistic symbiotic relationship between them.
carrying capacity
k-selected
agroforestry
fission
44. The liquid that percolates to the bottom of a landfill.
stationary sources
wetlands
selective cutting
leachate
45. When mature trees are cut over a period of time (usually10 -20 years); this leaves mature trees - which can reseed the forest - in place.
loamy
shelter-wood cutting
predation
agroforestry
46. Organisms that derive energy from consuming nonliving organic matter.
detritivore
passive solar energy collection
lignite
Headwaters
47. An underground layer of porous rock - sand - or other material that allows the movement of water between layers of nonporous rock or clay. Aquifers are frequently tapped for wells.
photochemical smog
potential energy
niche
aquifer
48. The process by which - according to Darwin's theory of evolution - only the organisms best adapted to their environment tend to survive and transmit their genetic characteristics in increasing numbers to succeeding generations - while those less adap
net Primary Productivity (NPP)
mineral deposit
Southern Oscillation
natural selection
49. Also known as transform faults - boundaries at which plates are moving past each other - sideways.
greenhouse effect
barrier island
topsoil
transform boundary
50. The random fluctuations in the frequency of the appearance of a gene in a small isolated population - presumably owing to chance - rather than natural selection.
respiration
pathogens
trade winds
genetic drift