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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The number of children an average woman will bear during her lifetime; this information is based on an analysis of data from preceding years in the population in question.
photochemical smog
trophic level
population
total fertility rate
2. Creating flat platforms in the hillside that provide a level planting surface - which reduces soil runoff from the slope.
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
asthenosphere
Headwaters
terracing
3. A hydrocarbon deposit - such as petroleum - coal - or natural gas - derived from living matter of a previous geologic time and used for fuel.
fossil fuel
dose-response curve
biological weathering
energy pyramid
4. A symbiotic relationship in which one member is helped by the association and the other is harmed.
parasitism
deforestation
ozone holes
genetic drift
5. An influential theory that concerns the long - term rate of conventional oil (and other fossil fuel) extraction and depletion. It predicts that future world oil production will soon reach a peak and then rapidly decline.
surface fires
food web
drip irrigation
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
6. The molten core of the Earth.
pathogens
passive solar energy collection
Coriolis effect
inner core
7. To convert or change into a vapor.
building-related illness
acid
evaporation
law of conservation of matter
8. A complex of interrelated food chains in an ecological community.
crude oil
food web
Immigration
sludge
9. When trees and crops are planted together - creating a mutualistic symbiotic relationship between them.
agroforestry
plate boundaries
reservoir
jet stream
10. When the signs and symptoms of an illness can be attributed to a specific infectious organism that resides in the building.
toxin
denitrification
fly ash
building-related illness
11. The maximum population size that can be supported by the available resources in a region.
evaporation
carrying capacity
agroforestry
subbituminous
12. The form petroleum takes when in the ground.
atmosphere
subbituminous
Second Law of Thermodynamics
crude oil
13. When the energy released from waste incineration is used to generate electricity.
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
greenhouse effect
non-point source pollution
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program
14. One that has never been cut; these forests have not been seriously disturbed for several hundred years.
consumer
old growth forest
acute effect
building-related illness
15. Soil composed of a mixture of sand - clay - silt - and organic matter.
estuary
loamy
fly ash
habitat fragmentation
16. The uppermost horizon of soil. It is primarily made up of organic material - including waste from organisms - the bodies of decomposing organisms - and live organisms.
traditional subsistence agriculture
climax community
O layer
chemical weathering
17. A region of the ocean near the equator - characterized by calms - light winds - or squalls.
doldrums
bituminous
overgrazed
aquifer
18. The process by which specialized bacteria (mostly anaerobic bacteria) convert ammonia to NOy NO2 - and N2 and release it back to the atmosphere.
arable
global warming
denitrification
hurricane (typhoon - cyclone)
19. Radioactive wastes that produce high levels of ionizing radiation.
toxin
photochemical smog
high-level radioactive waste
overgrazed
20. The random fluctuations in the frequency of the appearance of a gene in a small isolated population - presumably owing to chance - rather than natural selection.
hazardous waste
long lining
water-stressed
genetic drift
21. Land that's fit to be cultivated.
nonrenewable resources
catalytic converter
conservation
arable
22. A species whose very presence contributes to an ecosystem's diversity and whose extinction would consequently lead to the extinction of other forms of life.
keystone species
tailings
transform boundary
R horizon
23. Ozone that exists in the trophosphere.
total fertility rate
demographic transition model
tropospheric ozone
chronic effect
24. The raising of fish and other aquatic species in captivity for harvest.
population
albedo
subduction zone
Aquaculture
25. Power generated using water.
hydroelectric power
underground mining
strip mining
renewable resources
26. An organism that must obtain food energy from secondary sources - for example - by eating plant or animal matter.
keystone species
physical treatmen
dose-response curve
consumer
27. A nuclear reaction in which an atomic nucleus - especially a heavy nucleus such as an isotope of uranium - splits into fragments - usually two fragments of comparable mass - releasing from 100 million to several hundred million electron volts of ener
biotic
fission
riparian right
anthracite
28. An organism that cannot synthesize its own food and is dependent on complex organic substances for nutrition.
denitrification
fly ash
heterotrophy
Coriolis effect
29. Species that originate and live - or occur naturally - in an area or environment.
threshold dose
indigenous species
Green Revolution
species
30. The process in which animals (and plants!) breathe and give off carbon dioxide from cellular metabolism.
potential energy
Uneven-aged management
chemical weathering
respiration
31. Smog resulting from emissions from industry and other sources of gases produced by the burning of fossil fuels.
humus
Horizon
photosynthesis
industrial smog (gray smog)
32. The process of burning.
combustion
replacement birth rate
hazardous waste
fishery
33. The amount of sugar that the plants produce in photosynthesis and subtracting from it the amount of energy the plants need for growth maintenance - repair - and reproduction.
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
symbiotic relationships
Gross Primary Productivity
abiotic
34. The dosage level of a toxin at which a negative effect occurs.
threshold dose
inner core
edge effect
biotic
35. A specific location from which pollution is released; an example of a point source location is a factory where wood is being burned.
threshold dose
bottom trawling
point source pollution
LD50
36. The process in which plants absorb ammonium (NH3) - ammonia ions (NH4+) - and nitrate ions (NO3) through their roots.
dose-response analysis
assimilation
heat islands
fault
37. The finest soil - made up of particles that are less than 0.002 mm in diameter.
long lining
hydroelectric power
clay
barrels
38. An opening in the Earth's crust through which molten lava - ash - and gases are ejected.
volcanoes
evolution
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
heat islands
39. The part of the mantle that lies just below the lithosphere.
shelter-wood cutting
asthenosphere
subduction zone
land degradation
40. The vertical movement of a mass of matter due to heating and cooling; this can happen in both the atmosphere and Earth's mantle.
shelter-wood cutting
tertiary consumers
petroleum
convection
41. The result of chemical interaction with the bedrock that is typical of the action of both water and atmospheric gases.
chemical weathering
solid waste
ecosystem capital
heterotrophy
42. The amount of time it takes for half of a radioactive sample to disappear.
scrubbers
petroleum
pioneer species
Half-life
43. The development and introduction of new varieties of (mainly) wheat and rice that has increased yields per acre dramatically in countries since the 1960s.
sludge
crude oil
potential energy
Green Revolution
44. The movement of individuals out of a population.
proven reserve
emigration
mineral deposit
natural selection
45. This category includes organisms that consume producers (plants and algae).
physical (mechanical) weathering
parasitism
water-scarce
primary consumers
46. Says that the entropy (disorder) of the universe is increasing. One corollary of the Second Law of thermodynamics is the concept that - in most energy transformations - a significant fraction of energy is lost to the universe as heat.
natural selection
stationary sources
Second Law of Thermodynamics
overgrazed
47. A group of modern windmills.
dose-response curve
passive solar energy collection
wind farm
Second Law of Thermodynamics
48. A climate variation that takes place in the tropical Pacific about every three to seven years - for a duration of about one year.
market permits
volcanoes
aquifer
El Nino
49. Fires that typically burn only the forest's underbrush and do little damage to mature trees. Surface fires actually serve to protect the forest from more harmful fires by removing underbrush and dead materials that would burn quickly and at high temp
natural selection
O layer
surface fires
earthquake
50. When each family in a community grows crops for themselves and rely on animal and human labor to plant and harvest crops.
strip mining
k-selected
traditional subsistence agriculture
silt