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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The process of soil particles being carried away by wind or water. Erosion moves the smaller particles first and hence degrades the soil to a coarser - sandier - stonier texture.
erosion
evaporation
fossil fuel
watershed
2. When the signs and symptoms of an illness can be attributed to a specific infectious organism that resides in the building.
decomposer
renewable resources
acid
building-related illness
3. Involves the sinking of shafts to reach underground deposits. In this type of mining - networks of tunnels are dug or blasted and humans enter these tunnels in order to manually retrieve the coal.
decomposer
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program
underground mining
slash-and-burn
4. The solids that remain after the secondary treatment of sewage.
primary succession
habitat
sludge
long lining
5. When an area of vegetation is cut down and burned before being planted with crops.
monoculture
photochemical smog
slash-and-burn
physical treatmen
6. Change in the genetic composition of a population during successive generations as a result of natural selection acting on the genetic variation among individuals and resulting in the development of new species.
ecological footprint
evolution
mineral deposit
population
7. Radioactive wastes that produce high levels of ionizing radiation.
thermocline
high-level radioactive waste
plate boundaries
nuclear fusion
8. Poor nutrition that results from an insufficient or poorly balanced diet.
risk assessment
erosion
driftnets
malnutrition
9. The result of graphing a dose-response analysis.
shelter-wood cutting
community
assimilation
dose-response curve
10. An influential theory that concerns the long-term rate of conventional oil (and other fossil fuel) extraction and depletion. It predicts that future world oil production will soon reach a peak and then rapidly decline.
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
rain shadow
evaporation
r-selected
11. The uppermost horizon of soil. It is primarily made up of organic material - including waste from organisms - the bodies of decomposing organisms - and live organisms.
O layer
slash-and-burn
heterotrophy
Coriolis effect
12. A cooling of the ocean surface off the western coast of South America - occurring periodically every 4 to 12 years and affecting Pacific and other weather patterns.
La Nina
stationary sources
food chain
secondary pollutants
13. An opening in the Earth's crust through which molten lava - ash - and gases are ejected.
drip irrigation
volcanoes
species
nitrification
14. A process in which cold - often nutrient-rich - waters from the ocean depths rise to the surface.
acid
selective cutting
upwelling
Aquaculture
15. An organism that is capable of converting radiant energy or chemical energy into carbohydrates.
greenhouse effect
evaporation
primary pollutants
producer
16. Bacteria or fungi that absorb nutrients from nonliving organic matter like plant material - the wastes of living organisms - and corpses. They convert these materials into inorganic forms.
Green Revolution
red tide
decomposer
ED50
17. The biological treatment of wastewater in order to continue to remove biodegradable waste.
climax community
terracing
fission
secondary treatment
18. A severe tropical cyclone originating in the equatorial regions of the Atlantic Ocean or Caribbean Sea or eastern regions of the Pacific Ocean - traveling north - northwest - or northeast from its point of origin - and usually involving heavy rains.
shelter-wood cutting
wind farm
ecological succession
hurricane (typhoon - cyclone)
19. Areas where cutting has occurred and a new - younger forest has arisen.
law of conservation of matter
second growth forests
decomposer
long lining
20. A region of the ocean near the equator - characterized by calms - light winds - or squalls.
biomagnifications
doldrums
bituminous
indigenous species
21. A species whose very presence contributes to an ecosystem's diversity and whose extinction would consequently lead to the extinction of other forms of life.
transform boundary
realized niche
keystone species
scrubbers
22. Biotic and abiotic natural ecosystems.
natural resources
red tide
climax community
clay
23. When mature trees are cut over a period of time (usually10 -20 years); this leaves mature trees - which can reseed the forest - in place.
upwelling
biological weathering
shelter-wood cutting
Uneven-aged management
24. The raising of fish and other aquatic species in captivity for harvest.
k-selected
toxin
Aquaculture
ecological footprint
25. States that matter can neither be created nor destroyed.
omnivores
crop rotation
law of conservation of matter
point source pollution
26. A lowland area - such as a marsh or swamp - that is saturated with moisture - especially when regarded as the natural habitat of wildlife.
industrial smog (gray smog)
reservoir
wetlands
heterotrophy
27. A long - relatively narrow island running parallel to the mainland-built up by the action of waves and currents and serving to protect the coast from erosion by surf and tidal surges.
hydroelectric power
heterotrophy
watershed
barrier island
28. The bedrock - which lies below all of the other layers of soil - is referred to as the R horizon.
R horizon
keystone species
tropical storm
non-point source pollution
29. The region draining into river system or other body of water.
wetlands
pathogens
denitrification
watershed
30. Organisms that consume both producers and primary consumers.
r-selected
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program
omnivores
indigenous species
31. A process that allows the organic material in solid waste to be decomposed and reintroduced into the soil - often as fertilizer.
convection
wind farm
composting
predation
32. The process that occurs when two different species in a region compete and the better adapted species wins.
chemotroph (chemoautotroph)
birth rate (crude birth rate)
competitive exclusion
arable
33. The day-to-day variations in temperature - air pressure - wind - humidity - and precipitation mediated by the atmosphere in a given region.
producer
natural resources
leachate
weather
34. A hydrocarbon deposit - such as petroleum - coal - or natural gas - derived from living matter of a previous geologic time and used for fuel.
fossil fuel
denitrification
tree farms
monoculture
35. A soil horizon; the layer below the O layer is called the A layer. The A layer is formed of weathered rock - with some organic material; often referred to as topsoil.
A layer
catalytic converter
crude oil
primary succession
36. The molten core of the Earth.
logistic population growth
nuclear fusion
sick building syndrome
inner core
37. Smog resulting from emissions from industry and other sources of gases produced by the burning of fossil fuels.
Coriolis effect
silviculture
building-related illness
industrial smog (gray smog)
38. An estimate of the amount of fossil fuel that can be obtained from reserve.
biomagnifications
proven reserve
climax community
chronic effect
39. Using strategies to reduce the amount of risk (the degree of likelihood that a person will become ill upon exposure to a toxin or pathogen).
habitat
greenbelt
risk management
primary consumers
40. The accumulation of a substance - such as a toxic chemical - in various tissues of a living organism.
acid
monoculture
predation
bioaccumulation
41. Energy at rest - or stored energy.
chemotroph (chemoautotroph)
hydroelectric power
potential energy
tailings
42. A symbiotic relationship in which one member is helped by the association and the other is harmed.
B layer
parasitism
fossil fuel
food web
43. A tank filled with aerobic bacteria that's used to treat sewage.
physical treatmen
coral reef
sludge processor
Southern Oscillation
44. When materials - such as plastic or aluminum - are used to rebuild the same product. An example of this is the use of the aluminum from aluminum cans to produce more aluminum cans.
bituminous
deforestation
doldrums
closed-loop recycling
45. Organisms in the first stages of succession.
pioneer species
wastewater
extinction
fishery
46. The gaseous mass or envelope surrounding a celestial body - especially the one surrounding the Earth - which is retained by the celestial body's gravitational field.
food web
atmosphere
deforestation
volcanoes
47. The energy of motion.
Horizon
kinetic energy
dose-response analysis
deforestation
48. When the size of an organism's natural habitat is reduced - or when development occurs that isolates a habitat.
habitat fragmentation
vector
demographic transition model
sick building syndrome
49. A climate variation that takes place in the tropical Pacific about every three to seven years - for a duration of about one year.
terracing
water-scarce
El Nino
edge effect
50. Organisms that are capable of interbreeding with one another and incapable of breeding with other species.
Coriolis effect
species
ED50
leachate