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AP Environmental Science

Subjects : science, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Smog resulting from emissions from industry and other sources of gases produced by the burning of fossil fuels - especially coal.






2. Is the practice of planting bands of different crops across a hillside.






3. Any substance that has an LD50 - of 50 mg or less per kg of body weight.






4. When a species occupies a smaller niche than it would in the absence of competition.






5. Involves the sinking of shafts to reach underground deposits. In this type of mining - networks of tunnels are dug or blasted and humans enter these tunnels in order to manually retrieve the coal.






6. A hydrocarbon that forms as sediments are buried and pressurized.






7. Living or derived from living things.






8. The energy of motion.






9. The random fluctuations in the frequency of the appearance of a gene in a small isolated population - presumably owing to chance - rather than natural selection.






10. The process that occurs when two different species in a region compete and the better adapted species wins.






11. An organism such as a bacterium or protozoan - that obtains its nourishment through the oxidation of inorganic chemical compounds - as opposed to photosynthesis.






12. Says that energy can neither be created nor destroyed; it can only be transferred and transformed.






13. Pertaining to factors or things that are separate and independent from living things; nonliving.






14. A succession of organisms in an ecological community that constitutes a continuation of food energy from one organism to another as each consumes a lower member and - in turn - is preyed upon by a higher member.






15. Fish farming in which fish are caught in the wild and not raised in captivity for consumption.






16. The result of a pathogen invading a body.






17. Resources that are often formed by very slow geologic processes - so we consider them incapable of being regenerated within the realm of human existence.






18. Each of the feeding levels in a food chain.






19. The uppermost horizon of soil. It is primarily made up of organic material - including waste from organisms - the bodies of decomposing organisms - and live organisms.






20. Using strategies to reduce the amount of risk (the degree of likelihood that a person will become ill upon exposure to a toxin or pathogen).






21. The third purest form of coal.






22. A cooling of the ocean surface off the western coast of South America - occurring periodically every 4 to 12 years and affecting Pacific and other weather patterns.






23. In tectonic plates - the site at which an oceanic plate is sliding under a continental plate.






24. A long - relatively narrow island running parallel to the mainland-built up by the action of waves and currents and serving to protect the coast from erosion by surf and tidal surges.






25. A program funded by the federal government and a trust that's funded by taxes on chemicals; identifies pollutants and cleans up hazardous waste sites.






26. The point at which 50 percent of the test organisms show a negative effect from a toxin.






27. The molten core of the Earth.






28. The raising of fish and other aquatic species in captivity for harvest.






29. A species whose very presence contributes to an ecosystem's diversity and whose extinction would consequently lead to the extinction of other forms of life.






30. A layer of soil.






31. The outer part of the Earth - consisting of the crust and upper mantle - approximately 100 km (62 miles) thick.






32. Involves the removal of the Earth's surface all the way down to the level of the mineral seam.






33. The process by which - according to Darwin's theory of evolution - only the organisms best adapted to their environment tend to survive and transmit their genetic characteristics in increasing numbers to succeeding generations - while those less adap






34. The solids that remain after the secondary treatment of sewage.






35. Calculating risk - or the degree of likelihood that a person will become ill upon exposure to a toxin or pathogen.






36. A fishing technique in which the ocean floor is literally scraped by heavy nets that smash everything in their path.






37. The phenomenon whereby the Earth's atmosphere traps solar radiation - caused by the presence in the atmosphere of gases such as carbon dioxide - water vapor - and methane that allow incoming sunlight to pass through - but absorb heat radiated back fr






38. An area in which a particular mineral is concentrated - mining -the excavation of the Earth for the purpose of extracting ore or minerals.






39. When trees and crops are planted together - creating a mutualistic symbiotic relationship between them.






40. A model that's used to predict population trends based on the birth and death rates as well as economic status of a population.






41. The process in which soil becomes saltier and saltier until - finally - the salt prevents the growth of plants. Salinization is caused by irrigation because salts brought in with the water remain in the soil as water evaporates.






42. When grass is consumed by animals at a faster rate than it can regrow.






43. The amount of the Earth's surface that's necessary to supply the needs of - and dispose of the waste from a particular population.






44. The cultivation of a single crop on a farm or in a region or country; a single - homogeneous culture without diversity or dissension.






45. In fishing - the use of long lines that have baited hooks and will be taken by numerous aquatic organisms.






46. A process in which rows of crops are plowed across the hillside; this prevents the erosion that can occur when rows are cut up and down on a slope. ...






47. Creating flat platforms in the hillside that provide a level planting surface - which reduces soil runoff from the slope.






48. Organisms that derive energy from consuming nonliving organic matter.






49. When photochemical smog - NOx compounds - VOCs - and ozone combine to form smog with a brownish hue.






50. Radioactive wastes that produce high levels of ionizing radiation.







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