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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A fiscal policy that lowers taxes on income - including wages and profit - and raises taxes on consumption - particularly the unsustainable consumption of non-renewable resources.
green tax
population
Uneven-aged management
mutualism
2. When materials - such as plastic or aluminum - are used to rebuild the same product. An example of this is the use of the aluminum from aluminum cans to produce more aluminum cans.
closed-loop recycling
no-till
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
primary consumers
3. A platinum - coated device that oxidizes most of the VOCs and some of the CO that would otherwise be emitted in exhaust - converting them to CO2.
wastewater
catalytic converter
physical (mechanical) weathering
convection
4. The edges of tectonic plates.
earthquake
risk management
heat islands
plate boundaries
5. An influential theory that concerns the long - term rate of conventional oil (and other fossil fuel) extraction and depletion. It predicts that future world oil production will soon reach a peak and then rapidly decline.
net Primary Productivity (NPP)
secondary pollutants
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
renewable resources
6. The process by which - according to Darwin's theory of evolution - only the organisms best adapted to their environment tend to survive and transmit their genetic characteristics in increasing numbers to succeeding generations - while those less adap
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
threshold dose
natural selection
industrial smog (gray smog)
7. An animal that only consumes other animals.
primary treatment
divergent boundary
surface fires
carnivore
8. Countries that have a renewable annual water supply of about 1 -000 -2 -000 m3 per person.
strip mining
water-stressed
vector
atmosphere
9. An organism that cannot synthesize its own food and is dependent on complex organic substances for nutrition.
barrels
pioneer species
heterotrophy
overburden
10. One that has never been cut; these forests have not been seriously disturbed for several hundred years.
old growth forest
erosion
industrial smog (gray smog)
biological weathering
11. The structure obtained if we organize the amount of energy contained in producers and consumers in an ecosystem by kilocalories per square meter - from largest to smallest.
natural selection
trophic level
invasive species
energy pyramid
12. In a sewage treatment plant - the initial filtration that is done to remove debris such as stones - sticks - rags - toys - and other objects that were flushed down the toilet.
non-point source pollution
physical treatmen
age-structure pyramids
kinetic energy
13. Living or derived from living things.
slash-and-burn
renewable resources
biotic
physical treatmen
14. The gradual breakdown of rock into smaller and smaller particles - caused by natural chemical - physical - and biological factors.
weathering
underground mining
heat islands
biological weathering
15. Smog resulting from emissions from industry and other sources of gases produced by the burning of fossil fuels.
clear-cutting
weather
tailings
industrial smog (gray smog)
16. Says that the entropy (disorder) of the universe is increasing. One corollary of the Second Law of thermodynamics is the concept that - in most energy transformations - a significant fraction of energy is lost to the universe as heat.
First Law of Thermodynamics
Second Law of Thermodynamics
atmosphere
silviculture
17. The dark - crumbly - nutrient-rich material that results from the decomposition of organic material.
humus
agroforestry
respiration
traditional subsistence agriculture
18. Creating flat platforms in the hillside that provide a level planting surface - which reduces soil runoff from the slope.
net Primary Productivity (NPP)
terracing
invasive species
doldrums
19. When each family in a community grows crops for themselves and rely on animal and human labor to plant and harvest crops.
nuclear fusion
fly ash
traditional subsistence agriculture
crop rotation
20. In fishing - the use of long lines that have baited hooks and will be taken by numerous aquatic organisms.
long lining
Green Revolution
risk assessment
climax community
21. Bacteria - virus - or other microorganisms that can cause disease.
conservation
second growth forests
pathogens
high-level radioactive waste
22. The outermost shell of the atmosphere - between the mesosphere and outer space - where temperatures increase steadily with altitude.
thermosphere
A layer
B layer
barrels
23. The phenomenon whereby the Earth's atmosphere traps solar radiation - caused by the presence in the atmosphere of gases such as carbon dioxide - water vapor - and methane that allow incoming sunlight to pass through - but absorb heat radiated back fr
trophic level
passive solar energy collection
greenhouse effect
invasive species
24. The process by which the concentration of toxic substances increases in each successive link in the food chain.
agroforestry
autotroph
U.S. Noise Control Act
biomagnifications
25. A soil horizon - horizon C is made up of larger pieces of rock that have not undergone much weathering.
keystone species
crop rotation
C layer
Second Law of Thermodynamics
26. Any compound that releases hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. Also - a water solution that contains a surplus of hydrogen ions.
Gross Primary Productivity
doldrums
total fertility rate
acid
27. Also known as plantations - these are planted and managed tracts of trees of the same age that are harvested for commercial use.
ecological succession
habitat fragmentation
tree farms
thermocline
28. A nuclear reaction in which an atomic nucleus - especially a heavy nucleus such as an isotope of uranium - splits into fragments - usually two fragments of comparable mass - releasing from 100 million to several hundred million electron volts of ener
monoculture
tertiary consumers
carrying capacity
fission
29. When the size of an organism's natural habitat is reduced - or when development occurs that isolates a habitat.
tropospheric ozone
habitat fragmentation
global warming
building-related illness
30. Organisms that are capable of interbreeding with one another and incapable of breeding with other species.
physical treatmen
tree farms
species
lignite
31. Fish farming in which fish are caught in the wild and not raised in captivity for consumption.
r-selected
habitat
capture fisheries
asthenosphere
32. A high-speed - meandering wind current - generally moving from a westerly direction at speeds often exceeding 400 km (250 miles) per hour at altitudes of 15 to 25 km (10 to 15 miles).
fossil fuel
jet stream
solid waste
silt
33. A specific location from which pollution is released; an example of a point source location is a factory where wood is being burned.
clay
Aquaculture
global warming
point source pollution
34. The amount that the population would grow if there were unlimited resources in its environment.
A layer
biotic potential
agroforestry
kinetic energy
35. The maintenance of a species or ecosystem in order to ensure their perpetuation - with no concern as to their potential monetary value
sludge
divergent boundary
photosynthesis
preservation
36. When companies are allowed to buy permits that allow them a certain amount of discharge of substances into certain environmental outlets. If they can reduce their amount of discharge - they are allowed to sell the remaining portion of their permit to
nitrification
market permits
symbiotic relationships
subduction zone
37. The area or environment where an organism or ecological community normally lives or occurs.
acid
green tax
habitat
O layer
38. The industry or occupation devoted to the catching - processing - or selling of fish - shellfish - or other aquatic animals.
fault
fishery
community
keystone species
39. The solids that remain after the secondary treatment of sewage.
sludge
composting
age-structure pyramids
weathering
40. The layer of the Earth between the crust and the core.
nuclear fusion
Immigration
capture fisheries
mantle
41. A method of supplying irrigation water through tubes that literally drip water onto the soil at the base of each plant.
active collection
drip irrigation
law of conservation of matter
hurricane (typhoon - cyclone)
42. Biotic and abiotic natural ecosystems.
coral reef
terracing
chemical weathering
natural resources
43. The finest soil - made up of particles that are less than 0.002 mm in diameter.
clay
net Primary Productivity (NPP)
predation
photosynthesis
44. The place where two plates abut each other.
fault
fission
monoculture
albedo
45. An organism that obtains organic food molecules without eating other organisms or substances derived from other organisms. autotrophs use energy from the sun or from the oxidation of inorganic substances to make organic molecules from inorganic ones.
community
U.S. Noise Control Act
parasitism
autotroph
46. The day-to-day variations in temperature - air pressure - wind - humidity - and precipitation mediated by the atmosphere in a given region.
age-structure pyramids
weather
Infection
rain shadow
47. When an area of vegetation is cut down and burned before being planted with crops.
building-related illness
shelter-wood cutting
slash-and-burn
subduction zone
48. The practice of alternating the crops grown on a piece of land - for example - corn one year - legumes for two years - and then back to corn.
keystone species
crop rotation
C layer
convection
49. Can consist of hazardous waste - industrial solid waste - or municipal waste. Many types of solid waste provide a threat to human health and the environment.
conservation
B layer
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
solid waste
50. Close - prolonged associations between two or more different organisms of different species that may - but do not necessarily benefit the members.
symbiotic relationships
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
physical treatmen
heat islands