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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
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Subjects
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science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An influential theory that concerns the long - term rate of conventional oil (and other fossil fuel) extraction and depletion. It predicts that future world oil production will soon reach a peak and then rapidly decline.
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
wind farm
water-scarce
tertiary consumers
2. A severe tropical cyclone originating in the equatorial regions of the Atlantic Ocean or Caribbean Sea or eastern regions of the Pacific Ocean - traveling north - northwest - or northeast from its point of origin - and usually involving heavy rains.
delta
secondary pollutants
LD50
hurricane (typhoon - cyclone)
3. A species whose very presence contributes to an ecosystem's diversity and whose extinction would consequently lead to the extinction of other forms of life.
leachate
keystone species
acid precipitation
potential energy
4. A specific location from which pollution is released; an example of a point source location is a factory where wood is being burned.
lignite
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
point source pollution
overburden
5. Refers to resources - such as plants and animals - which can be regenerated if harvested at sustainable yields.
silt
humus
renewable resources
indigenous species
6. The process by which the concentration of toxic substances increases in each successive link in the food chain.
subbituminous
net Primary Productivity (NPP)
biomagnifications
detritivore
7. Smog resulting from emissions from industry and other sources of gases produced by the burning of fossil fuels - especially coal.
community
La Nina
secondary treatment
gray smog (industrial smog)
8. Fish farming in which fish are caught in the wild and not raised in captivity for consumption.
capture fisheries
solid waste
genetic drift
malnutrition
9. An opening in the Earth's crust through which molten lava - ash - and gases are ejected.
emigration
volcanoes
capture fisheries
low-level radioactive waste
10. Bacteria or fungi that absorb nutrients from nonliving organic matter like plant material - the wastes of living organisms - and corpses. They convert these materials into inorganic forms.
contour farming
decomposer
jet stream
toxin
11. The management of forest plantations for the purpose of harvesting timber.
First Law of Thermodynamics
hazardous waste
topsoil
silviculture
12. The region draining into river system or other body of water.
sand
shelter-wood cutting
deforestation
watershed
13. Creating flat platforms in the hillside that provide a level planting surface - which reduces soil runoff from the slope.
point source pollution
terracing
humus
edge effect
14. The amount of energy that plants pass on to the community of herbivores in an ecosystem.
kinetic energy
net Primary Productivity (NPP)
mineral deposit
risk management
15. Urban areas that heat up more quickly and retain heat more than do nonurban areas.
biotic potential
rain shadow
heat islands
clay
16. An organism that obtains organic food molecules without eating other organisms or substances derived from other organisms. autotrophs use energy from the sun or from the oxidation of inorganic substances to make organic molecules from inorganic ones.
food chain
red tide
law of conservation of matter
autotroph
17. A bloom of dinoflagellates that causes reddish discoloration of coastal ocean waters. Certain dinoflagellates of the genus Gonyamfox produce toxins that kill fish and contaminate shellfish.
slash-and-burn
biotic
red tide
nitrogen fixation
18. Involves the removal of the Earth's surface all the way down to the level of the mineral seam.
second growth forests
strip mining
mantle
sick building syndrome
19. The water from which a river rises; a source.
Headwaters
monoculture
omnivores
trophic level
20. A basic substance; chemically - a substance that absorbs hydrogen ions or releases hydroxyl ions; in reference to natural water - a measure of the base content of the water.
petroleum
alkaline
lithosphere
loamy
21. The process in which soil becomes saltier and saltier until - finally - the salt prevents the growth of plants. Salinization is caused by irrigation because salts brought in with the water remain in the soil as water evaporates.
salinization
transform boundary
reservoir
birth rate (crude birth rate)
22. A platinum - coated device that oxidizes most of the VOCs and some of the CO that would otherwise be emitted in exhaust - converting them to CO2.
catalytic converter
combustion
population
strip mining
23. In fishing - the use of long lines that have baited hooks and will be taken by numerous aquatic organisms.
long lining
predation
realized niche
extinction
24. The number of children a couple must have in order to replace themselves in a population.
species
replacement birth rate
water-stressed
terracing
25. The bedrock - which lies below all of the other layers of soil - is referred to as the R horizon.
respiration
denitrification
R horizon
r-selected
26. Formed from populations of different species occupying the same geographic area.
community
slash-and-burn
C layer
LD50
27. The result of graphing a dose-response analysis.
ecological succession
tree farms
dose-response curve
dose-response analysis
28. An animal that only consumes other animals.
pathogens
photochemical smog
risk management
carnivore
29. A program funded by the federal government and a trust that's funded by taxes on chemicals; identifies pollutants and cleans up hazardous waste sites.
death rate (crude death rate)
pioneer species
Superfund Program
overburden
30. The number of children an average woman will bear during her lifetime; this information is based on an analysis of data from preceding years in the population in question.
lignite
total fertility rate
alkaline
acid
31. An organism that cannot synthesize its own food and is dependent on complex organic substances for nutrition.
climax community
toxin
malnutrition
heterotrophy
32. Countries that have a renewable annual water supply of less than 1 -000 m3 per person.
Superfund Program
Half-life
water-scarce
wetlands
33. Organisms that consume both producers and primary consumers.
omnivores
petroleum
law of conservation of matter
denitrification
34. Pollutants that are formed by the combination of primary pollutants in the atmosphere.
thermosphere
Half-life
secondary pollutants
passive solar energy collection
35. The amount of sugar that the plants produce in photosynthesis and subtracting from it the amount of energy the plants need for growth maintenance - repair - and reproduction.
Uneven-aged management
ecosystem capital
nuclear fusion
Gross Primary Productivity
36. The finest soil - made up of particles that are less than 0.002 mm in diameter.
lignite
clay
realized niche
carrying capacity
37. When soil becomes water-logged and then dries out - and salt forms a layer on its surface.
land degradation
habitat
potential energy
atmosphere
38. The day-to-day use of environmental resources as food - clothing - and housing.
niche
consumption
thermocline
chemical weathering
39. A climate variation that takes place in the tropical Pacific about every three to seven years - for a duration of about one year.
inner core
El Nino
green tax
total fertility rate
40. An erosion-resistant marine ridge or mound consisting chiefly of compacted coral together with algal material and biochemically deposited magnesium and calcium carbonates.
passive solar energy collection
keystone species
coral reef
tailings
41. The removal of trees for agricultural purposes or purposes of exportation.
convergent boundary
consumer
underground mining
deforestation
42. Any other species of fish - mammals - or birds that are caught that are not the target organism.
fault
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
A layer
by-catch
43. The removal of select trees in an area; this leaves the majority of the habitat in place and has less of an impact on the ecosystem.
long lining
food web
demographic transition model
selective cutting
44. A system of vertical and horizontal air circulation predominating in tropical and subtropical regions and creating major weather patterns.
photochemical smog
barrier island
sludge
Hadley cell
45. A nuclear reaction in which an atomic nucleus - especially a heavy nucleus such as an isotope of uranium - splits into fragments - usually two fragments of comparable mass - releasing from 100 million to several hundred million electron volts of ener
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
natural selection
fission
indigenous species
46. Living or derived from living things.
rain shadow
indigenous species
sand
biotic
47. A process that allows the organic material in solid waste to be decomposed and reintroduced into the soil - often as fertilizer.
ozone holes
composting
emigration
slash-and-burn
48. When photochemical smog - NOx compounds - VOCs - and ozone combine to form smog with a brownish hue.
bottom trawling
chemical weathering
capture fisheries
photochemical smog
49. An introduced - normative species.
tertiary consumers
invasive species
U.S. Noise Control Act
overburden
50. Close - prolonged associations between two or more different organisms of different species that may - but do not necessarily benefit the members.
keystone species
photosynthesis
symbiotic relationships
coral reef
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