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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
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Subjects
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science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The raising of fish and other aquatic species in captivity for harvest.
pathogens
weather
chemotroph (chemoautotroph)
Aquaculture
2. Can consist of hazardous waste - industrial solid waste - or municipal waste. Many types of solid waste provide a threat to human health and the environment.
no-till
solid waste
convergent boundary
agroforestry
3. The broad category under which selective cutting and shelter-wood cutting fall; selective deforestation.
tertiary consumers
agroforestry
birth rate (crude birth rate)
Uneven-aged management
4. Any noise that causes stress or has the potential to damage human health.
primary succession
age-structure pyramids
agroforestry
noise pollution
5. Says that energy can neither be created nor destroyed; it can only be transferred and transformed.
Southern Oscillation
combustion
First Law of Thermodynamics
noise pollution
6. A cooling of the ocean surface off the western coast of South America - occurring periodically every 4 to 12 years and affecting Pacific and other weather patterns.
edge effect
La Nina
market permits
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
7. A layer in a large body of water - such as a lake - that sharply separates regions differing in temperature - so that the temperature gradient across the layer is abrupt.
predation
thermocline
ecological footprint
topsoil
8. The process in green plants and certain other organisms by which carbohydrates are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water using light as an energy source. Most forms of photosynthesis release oxygen as a byproduct.
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
topsoil
photosynthesis
volcanoes
9. Drilling a hole in the ground that's below the water table to hold waste.
secondary pollutants
deep well injection
bituminous
convection
10. When the energy released from waste incineration is used to generate electricity.
secondary treatment
lignite
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program
greenhouse effect
11. A basic substance; chemically - a substance that absorbs hydrogen ions or releases hydroxyl ions; in reference to natural water - a measure of the base content of the water.
birth rate (crude birth rate)
energy
subduction zone
alkaline
12. The part of the wide lower course of a river where its current is met by the tides.
silviculture
risk assessment
estuary
detritivore
13. A hydrocarbon that forms as sediments are buried and pressurized.
clay
chemotroph (chemoautotroph)
El Nino
petroleum
14. States that matter can neither be created nor destroyed.
biomagnifications
coral reef
photochemical smog
law of conservation of matter
15. An area in which a particular mineral is concentrated - mining -the excavation of the Earth for the purpose of extracting ore or minerals.
mineral deposit
active collection
biomagnifications
hazardous waste
16. An organism such as a bacterium or protozoan - that obtains its nourishment through the oxidation of inorganic chemical compounds - as opposed to photosynthesis.
wetlands
chemotroph (chemoautotroph)
selective cutting
trophic level
17. A high-speed - meandering wind current - generally moving from a westerly direction at speeds often exceeding 400 km (250 miles) per hour at altitudes of 15 to 25 km (10 to 15 miles).
ED50
net Primary Productivity (NPP)
jet stream
clear-cutting
18. The part of the Earth and its atmosphere in which living organisms exist or that is capable of supporting life.
traditional subsistence agriculture
carnivore
biosphere
non-point source pollution
19. The process of soil particles being carried away by wind or water. Erosion moves the smaller particles first and hence degrades the soil to a coarser - sandier - stonier texture.
primary treatment
water-stressed
petroleum
erosion
20. Smog resulting from emissions from industry and other sources of gases produced by the burning of fossil fuels - especially coal.
malnutrition
tree farms
gray smog (industrial smog)
prior appropriation
21. The structure obtained if we organize the amount of energy contained in producers and consumers in an ecosystem by kilocalories per square meter - from largest to smallest.
secondary consumers
extinction
energy pyramid
fossil fuel
22. Says that the entropy (disorder) of the universe is increasing. One corollary of the Second Law of thermodynamics is the concept that - in most energy transformations - a significant fraction of energy is lost to the universe as heat.
petroleum
Second Law of Thermodynamics
low-level radioactive waste
species
23. The removal of select trees in an area; this leaves the majority of the habitat in place and has less of an impact on the ecosystem.
selective cutting
thermocline
green tax
water-scarce
24. Organisms that derive energy from consuming nonliving organic matter.
by-catch
lignite
coral reef
detritivore
25. Organisms that consume primary consumers.
Hadley cell
secondary consumers
ecosystem capital
surface fires
26. The energy of motion.
kinetic energy
scrubbers
Aquaculture
net Primary Productivity (NPP)
27. A method of supplying irrigation water through tubes that literally drip water onto the soil at the base of each plant.
crop rotation
drip irrigation
ozone holes
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
28. An organism that must obtain food energy from secondary sources - for example - by eating plant or animal matter.
barrels
toxin
consumer
trophic level
29. A nuclear reaction in which an atomic nucleus - especially a heavy nucleus such as an isotope of uranium - splits into fragments - usually two fragments of comparable mass - releasing from 100 million to several hundred million electron volts of ener
industrial smog (gray smog)
logistic population growth
agroforestry
fission
30. Non-moving sources of pollution - such as factories.
population density
stationary sources
convergent boundary
ecological succession
31. The maximum population size that can be supported by the available resources in a region.
carrying capacity
Aquaculture
selective cutting
coral reef
32. A succession of organisms in an ecological community that constitutes a continuation of food energy from one organism to another as each consumes a lower member and - in turn - is preyed upon by a higher member.
photosynthesis
fishery
chronic effect
food chain
33. The molten core of the Earth.
population density
inner core
B layer
poison
34. The effect caused by a short exposure to a high level of toxin.
volcanoes
O layer
lignite
acute effect
35. Using strategies to reduce the amount of risk (the degree of likelihood that a person will become ill upon exposure to a toxin or pathogen).
tertiary consumers
strip mining
risk management
catalytic converter
36. A waste product produced by the burning of coal.
carrying capacity
renewable resources
strip mining
fly ash
37. A specific location from which pollution is released; an example of a point source location is a factory where wood is being burned.
carrying capacity
deep well injection
water-scarce
point source pollution
38. An underground layer of porous rock - sand - or other material that allows the movement of water between layers of nonporous rock or clay. Aquifers are frequently tapped for wells.
realized niche
topsoil
risk assessment
aquifer
39. In a sewage treatment plant - the initial filtration that is done to remove debris such as stones - sticks - rags - toys - and other objects that were flushed down the toilet.
predation
physical treatmen
rain shadow
La Nina
40. When physically treated sewage water is passed into a settling tank - where suspended solids settle out as sludge; chemically treated polymers may be added to help the suspended solids separate and settle out.
R horizon
primary treatment
closed-loop recycling
population density
41. Radioactive wastes that produce high levels of ionizing radiation.
high-level radioactive waste
watershed
indigenous species
silt
42. The gaseous mass or envelope surrounding a celestial body - especially the one surrounding the Earth - which is retained by the celestial body's gravitational field.
green tax
denitrification
physical (mechanical) weathering
atmosphere
43. Bacteria or fungi that absorb nutrients from nonliving organic matter like plant material - the wastes of living organisms - and corpses. They convert these materials into inorganic forms.
R horizon
decomposer
terracing
secondary pollutants
44. Each of the feeding levels in a food chain.
trophic level
malnutrition
tropospheric ozone
thermocline
45. Devices containing alkaline substances that precipitate out much of the sulfur dioxide from industrial plants.
market permits
scrubbers
primary treatment
ozone holes
46. An effect that results from long -term exposure to low levels of toxin.
chronic effect
secondary treatment
community
overburden
47. The solids that remain after the secondary treatment of sewage.
extinction
sludge
surface fires
renewable resources
48. Any water that has been used by humans. This includes human sewage - water drained from showers - tubs - sinks - dishwashers - washing machines - water from industrial processes - and storm water runoff.
wastewater
mineral deposit
lignite
deep well injection
49. Any other species of fish - mammals - or birds that are caught that are not the target organism.
by-catch
leachate
sand
carrying capacity
50. Poor nutrition that results from an insufficient or poorly balanced diet.
edge effect
watershed
heterotrophy
malnutrition
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