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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The more or less constant winds blowing in horizontal directions over the Earth's surface - as part of Hadley cells.
r-selected
trade winds
solid waste
primary succession
2. The result of graphing a dose-response analysis.
market permits
dose-response curve
population density
omnivores
3. The liquid that percolates to the bottom of a landfill.
leachate
capture fisheries
reservoir
wind farm
4. Biotic and abiotic natural ecosystems.
primary treatment
secondary pollutants
threshold dose
natural resources
5. Air currents caused by the vertical movement of air due to atmospheric heating and cooling.
convection currents
species
producer
humus
6. When water rights are given to those who have historically used the water in a certain area.
prior appropriation
humus
assimilation
acid precipitation
7. The uppermost horizon of soil. It is primarily made up of organic material - including waste from organisms - the bodies of decomposing organisms - and live organisms.
secondary consumers
O layer
monoculture
carrying capacity
8. An organism that obtains organic food molecules without eating other organisms or substances derived from other organisms. autotrophs use energy from the sun or from the oxidation of inorganic substances to make organic molecules from inorganic ones.
autotroph
by-catch
extinction
thermocline
9. Any compound that releases hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. Also - a water solution that contains a surplus of hydrogen ions.
community
Half-life
acid
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
10. A process that allows the organic material in solid waste to be decomposed and reintroduced into the soil - often as fertilizer.
composting
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program
catalytic converter
high-level radioactive waste
11. Being extinct or the process of becoming extinct.
extinction
global warming
clear-cutting
indigenous species
12. The thinning of the ozone layer over Antarctica (and to some extent - over the Arctic).
habitat fragmentation
ozone holes
old growth forest
thermosphere
13. The water from which a river rises; a source.
terracing
Headwaters
humus
trophic level
14. A species whose very presence contributes to an ecosystem's diversity and whose extinction would consequently lead to the extinction of other forms of life.
no-till
fossil fuel
keystone species
acid
15. Organisms that reproduce early in life and often and have a high capacity for reproductive growth.
biosphere
wetlands
barrels
r-selected
16. The process of soil particles being carried away by wind or water. Erosion moves the smaller particles first and hence degrades the soil to a coarser - sandier - stonier texture.
divergent boundary
physical (mechanical) weathering
aquifer
erosion
17. The molten core of the Earth.
driftnets
inner core
secondary pollutants
autotroph
18. Radioactive wastes that produce low levels of ionizing radiation.
ozone holes
convection
low-level radioactive waste
Southern Oscillation
19. The result of a pathogen invading a body.
nitrogen fixation
predation
photochemical smog
Infection
20. A symbiotic relationship in which one member is helped by the association and the other is harmed.
parasitism
photosynthesis
upwelling
sand
21. The number of individuals of a population that inhabit a certain unit of land or water area.
demographic transition model
population density
surface fires
emigration
22. When trees and crops are planted together - creating a mutualistic symbiotic relationship between them.
agroforestry
clay
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
Immigration
23. The fraction of solar energy that is reflected back into space.
combustion
kinetic energy
albedo
habitat
24. Living or derived from living things.
biotic
detritivore
species
salinization
25. The form petroleum takes when in the ground.
second growth forests
old growth forest
crude oil
community
26. An influential theory that concerns the long - term rate of conventional oil (and other fossil fuel) extraction and depletion. It predicts that future world oil production will soon reach a peak and then rapidly decline.
noise pollution
leachate
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
natural selection
27. The low-rainfall region that exists on the leeward (downwind) side of a mountain range. This rain shadow is the result of the mountain range's causing precipitation on the windward side.
rain shadow
nitrogen fixation
convection currents
by-catch
28. To convert or change into a vapor.
evaporation
evolution
extinction
non-point source pollution
29. A long - relatively narrow island running parallel to the mainland-built up by the action of waves and currents and serving to protect the coast from erosion by surf and tidal surges.
barrier island
chronic effect
active collection
point source pollution
30. This category includes organisms that consume producers (plants and algae).
assimilation
primary consumers
tropospheric ozone
biological weathering
31. The phenomenon whereby the Earth's atmosphere traps solar radiation - caused by the presence in the atmosphere of gases such as carbon dioxide - water vapor - and methane that allow incoming sunlight to pass through - but absorb heat radiated back fr
greenhouse effect
Second Law of Thermodynamics
transpiration
chronic effect
32. Any waste that poses a danger to human health; it must be dealt with in a different way from other types of waste.
bituminous
petroleum
hazardous waste
sludge
33. A region of the ocean near the equator - characterized by calms - light winds - or squalls.
Gross Primary Productivity
food chain
doldrums
silt
34. Sunlight.
aquifer
hazardous waste
radiant energy
albedo
35. When a species occupies a smaller niche than it would in the absence of competition.
logistic population growth
realized niche
ozone holes
water-stressed
36. Acid rain - acid hail - acid snow; all of which occur as a result of pollution in the atmosphere.
U.S. Noise Control Act
acid precipitation
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
nonrenewable resources
37. When an area of vegetation is cut down and burned before being planted with crops.
slash-and-burn
species
contour farming
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
38. Involves the sinking of shafts to reach underground deposits. In this type of mining - networks of tunnels are dug or blasted and humans enter these tunnels in order to manually retrieve the coal.
tertiary consumers
convection currents
underground mining
secondary pollutants
39. Is equal to the number of deaths per 1 -000 members of the population in a year.
death rate (crude death rate)
food chain
O layer
Horizon
40. Species that originate and live - or occur naturally - in an area or environment.
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
Second Law of Thermodynamics
secondary treatment
indigenous species
41. A fiscal policy that lowers taxes on income - including wages and profit - and raises taxes on consumption - particularly the unsustainable consumption of non-renewable resources.
Aquaculture
ED50
Superfund Program
green tax
42. Soil with particles 0.002 -0.05 mm in diameter.
extinction
fault
contour farming
silt
43. The maximum population size that can be supported by the available resources in a region.
solid waste
carrying capacity
Aquaculture
fishery
44. The observed effect of the Coriolis force - especially the deflection of an object moving above the Earth - rightward in the Northern Hemisphere - and leftward in the Southern Hemisphere.
Coriolis effect
overgrazed
parasitism
risk management
45. The day-to-day variations in temperature - air pressure - wind - humidity - and precipitation mediated by the atmosphere in a given region.
emigration
subduction zone
weather
bottom trawling
46. The conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into compounds - such as ammonia - by natural agencies or various industrial processes.
hydroelectric power
edge effect
non-point source pollution
nitrogen fixation
47. In fishing - the use of long lines that have baited hooks and will be taken by numerous aquatic organisms.
long lining
chemotroph (chemoautotroph)
competitive exclusion
predation
48. The total sum of a species' use of the biotic and abiotic resources in its environment.
niche
death rate (crude death rate)
high-level radioactive waste
biosphere
49. Creating flat platforms in the hillside that provide a level planting surface - which reduces soil runoff from the slope.
terracing
industrial smog (gray smog)
mantle
tropospheric ozone
50. Using strategies to reduce the amount of risk (the degree of likelihood that a person will become ill upon exposure to a toxin or pathogen).
riparian right
low-level radioactive waste
point source pollution
risk management