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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
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science
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ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The accumulation of a substance - such as a toxic chemical - in various tissues of a living organism.
threshold dose
pathogens
bioaccumulation
potential energy
2. The result of vibrations (often due to plate movements) deep in the Earth that release energy. They often occur as two plates slide past one another at a transform boundary.
photochemical smog
earthquake
proven reserve
bottom trawling
3. A soil horizon; B receives the minerals and organic materials that are leached out of the A horizon.
trade winds
predation
B layer
malnutrition
4. The process in which animals (and plants!) breathe and give off carbon dioxide from cellular metabolism.
Horizon
noise pollution
respiration
wind farm
5. Soil composed of a mixture of sand - clay - silt - and organic matter.
by-catch
Horizon
loamy
ecological succession
6. Non-moving sources of pollution - such as factories.
stationary sources
U.S. Noise Control Act
sand
hydroelectric power
7. The process by which the concentration of toxic substances increases in each successive link in the food chain.
biomagnifications
genetic drift
indigenous species
evaporation
8. The number of live births per 1 -000 members of the population in a year.
fossil fuel
food chain
birth rate (crude birth rate)
sick building syndrome
9. A symbiotic relationship in which one member is helped by the association and the other is harmed.
ecological succession
parasitism
total fertility rate
photosynthesis
10. When the majority of a building's occupants experience certain symptoms that vary with the amount of time spent in the building.
food web
overgrazed
sick building syndrome
composting
11. Smog resulting from emissions from industry and other sources of gases produced by the burning of fossil fuels.
malnutrition
Coriolis effect
industrial smog (gray smog)
autotroph
12. A usually triangular alluvial deposit at the mouth of a river.
monoculture
contour farming
delta
natural resources
13. Pollutants that are formed by the combination of primary pollutants in the atmosphere.
fission
habitat fragmentation
LD50
secondary pollutants
14. A model that's used to predict population trends based on the birth and death rates as well as economic status of a population.
demographic transition model
selective cutting
Infection
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program
15. Refers to resources - such as plants and animals - which can be regenerated if harvested at sustainable yields.
renewable resources
assimilation
heat islands
market permits
16. The removal of all of the trees in an area.
underground mining
contour farming
clear-cutting
bioaccumulation
17. The act or process of transpiring - or releasing water vapor - especially through the stomata of plant tissue or the pores of the skin.
emigration
R horizon
transpiration
tropospheric ozone
18. In fishing - the use of long lines that have baited hooks and will be taken by numerous aquatic organisms.
long lining
albedo
detritivore
overburden
19. When an area of vegetation is cut down and burned before being planted with crops.
slash-and-burn
predation
composting
food web
20. A platinum - coated device that oxidizes most of the VOCs and some of the CO that would otherwise be emitted in exhaust - converting them to CO2.
by-catch
catalytic converter
stationary sources
hydroelectric power
21. A climate variation that takes place in the tropical Pacific about every three to seven years - for a duration of about one year.
El Nino
wind farm
R horizon
passive solar energy collection
22. A fishing technique in which the ocean floor is literally scraped by heavy nets that smash everything in their path.
potential energy
parasitism
high-level radioactive waste
bottom trawling
23. When materials - such as plastic or aluminum - are used to rebuild the same product. An example of this is the use of the aluminum from aluminum cans to produce more aluminum cans.
greenhouse effect
autotroph
closed-loop recycling
biological weathering
24. When companies are allowed to buy permits that allow them a certain amount of discharge of substances into certain environmental outlets. If they can reduce their amount of discharge - they are allowed to sell the remaining portion of their permit to
chemical weathering
evolution
market permits
trophic level
25. The part of the Earth and its atmosphere in which living organisms exist or that is capable of supporting life.
biosphere
trade winds
First Law of Thermodynamics
convergent boundary
26. The least pure coal.
selective cutting
toxicity
subduction zone
lignite
27. Nets that are dragged through the water and indiscriminately catch everything in their path.
driftnets
selective cutting
abiotic
edge effect
28. The outermost shell of the atmosphere - between the mesosphere and outer space - where temperatures increase steadily with altitude.
solid waste
poison
leachate
thermosphere
29. Organisms that derive energy from consuming nonliving organic matter.
water-scarce
detritivore
chemical weathering
secondary consumers
30. The A layer of soil is often referred to as topsoil and is most important for plant growth.
topsoil
species
deep well injection
potential energy
31. The process in which plants absorb ammonium (NH3) - ammonia ions (NH4+) - and nitrate ions (NO3) through their roots.
assimilation
bottom trawling
edge effect
evolution
32. Resources that are often formed by very slow geologic processes - so we consider them incapable of being regenerated within the realm of human existence.
food chain
nonrenewable resources
jet stream
doldrums
33. Pollution that does not have a specific point of release - open -loop recycling -when materials are reused to form new products.
toxin
non-point source pollution
risk management
B layer
34. Any noise that causes stress or has the potential to damage human health.
global warming
sick building syndrome
kinetic energy
noise pollution
35. A tank filled with aerobic bacteria that's used to treat sewage.
sludge processor
doldrums
photochemical smog
poison
36. A layer in a large body of water - such as a lake - that sharply separates regions differing in temperature - so that the temperature gradient across the layer is abrupt.
energy
keystone species
wind farm
thermocline
37. The atmospheric pressure conditions corresponding to the periodic warming of El Nino and cooling of La Nina.
parasitism
nitrification
Southern Oscillation
assimilation
38. A system of vertical and horizontal air circulation predominating in tropical and subtropical regions and creating major weather patterns.
secondary pollutants
toxin
Hadley cell
physical (mechanical) weathering
39. The process in which soil bacteria convert ammonium (NH4+) to a form that can be used by plants; nitrate - or NO3.
clear-cutting
tropical storm
nitrification
First Law of Thermodynamics
40. Involves the sinking of shafts to reach underground deposits. In this type of mining - networks of tunnels are dug or blasted and humans enter these tunnels in order to manually retrieve the coal.
humus
underground mining
consumer
biosphere
41. Organisms in the first stages of succession.
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
conservation
red tide
pioneer species
42. The conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into compounds - such as ammonia - by natural agencies or various industrial processes.
r-selected
Gross Primary Productivity
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
nitrogen fixation
43. The number of children a couple must have in order to replace themselves in a population.
replacement birth rate
prior appropriation
Aquaculture
trophic level
44. When photochemical smog - NOx compounds - VOCs - and ozone combine to form smog with a brownish hue.
omnivores
assimilation
photochemical smog
Second Law of Thermodynamics
45. The energy of motion.
humus
strip mining
kinetic energy
delta
46. The finest soil - made up of particles that are less than 0.002 mm in diameter.
acute effect
edge effect
clay
Superfund Program
47. Smog resulting from emissions from industry and other sources of gases produced by the burning of fossil fuels - especially coal.
R horizon
energy pyramid
gray smog (industrial smog)
age-structure pyramids
48. The outer part of the Earth - consisting of the crust and upper mantle - approximately 100 km (62 miles) thick.
death rate (crude death rate)
O layer
lithosphere
competitive exclusion
49. Countries that have a renewable annual water supply of about 1 -000 -2 -000 m3 per person.
greenhouse effect
A layer
rain shadow
water-stressed
50. The region draining into river system or other body of water.
conservation
U.S. Noise Control Act
watershed
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program
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