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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Organisms that consume both producers and primary consumers.
omnivores
underground mining
terracing
fossil fuel
2. A semiconductor device that converts the energy of sunlight into electric energy.
physical treatmen
topsoil
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
by-catch
3. When materials - such as plastic or aluminum - are used to rebuild the same product. An example of this is the use of the aluminum from aluminum cans to produce more aluminum cans.
alkaline
species
closed-loop recycling
pioneer species
4. An influential theory that concerns the long - term rate of conventional oil (and other fossil fuel) extraction and depletion. It predicts that future world oil production will soon reach a peak and then rapidly decline.
topsoil
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
biotic potential
replacement birth rate
5. A bloom of dinoflagellates that causes reddish discoloration of coastal ocean waters. Certain dinoflagellates of the genus Gonyamfox produce toxins that kill fish and contaminate shellfish.
building-related illness
active collection
passive solar energy collection
red tide
6. Using strategies to reduce the amount of risk (the degree of likelihood that a person will become ill upon exposure to a toxin or pathogen).
decomposer
risk management
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
inner core
7. The outer part of the Earth - consisting of the crust and upper mantle - approximately 100 km (62 miles) thick.
lithosphere
consumption
composting
earthquake
8. An estimate of the amount of fossil fuel that can be obtained from reserve.
proven reserve
high-level radioactive waste
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
thermosphere
9. Transition in species composition of a biological community - often following ecological disturbance of the community; the establishment of a biological community in any area virtually barren of life.
plate boundaries
acid
transform boundary
ecological succession
10. The process in which soil bacteria convert ammonium (NH4+) to a form that can be used by plants; nitrate - or NO3.
renewable resources
ecosystem capital
nitrification
dose-response curve
11. One that has never been cut; these forests have not been seriously disturbed for several hundred years.
biological weathering
old growth forest
hydroelectric power
wastewater
12. A fishing technique in which the ocean floor is literally scraped by heavy nets that smash everything in their path.
bottom trawling
birth rate (crude birth rate)
catalytic converter
gray smog (industrial smog)
13. Each of the feeding levels in a food chain.
catalytic converter
predation
fishery
trophic level
14. Any weathering that's caused by the activities of living organisms.
risk management
demographic transition model
biological weathering
nitrogen fixation
15. Organisms that reproduce later in life - produce fewer offspring - and devote significant time and energy to the nurturing of their offspring.
closed-loop recycling
El Nino
k-selected
B layer
16. The edges of tectonic plates.
lithosphere
overburden
combustion
plate boundaries
17. The maximum population size that can be supported by the available resources in a region.
carrying capacity
population density
monoculture
ozone holes
18. Occurs when infection causes a change in the state of health.
solid waste
keystone species
disease
symbiotic relationships
19. The atmospheric pressure conditions corresponding to the periodic warming of El Nino and cooling of La Nina.
silt
tropospheric ozone
low-level radioactive waste
Southern Oscillation
20. When an area of vegetation is cut down and burned before being planted with crops.
mineral deposit
slash-and-burn
Second Law of Thermodynamics
tertiary consumers
21. Countries that have a renewable annual water supply of less than 1 -000 m3 per person.
water-scarce
First Law of Thermodynamics
symbiotic relationships
combustion
22. The day-to-day use of environmental resources as food - clothing - and housing.
consumption
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
Horizon
non-point source pollution
23. The biological treatment of wastewater in order to continue to remove biodegradable waste.
natural resources
terracing
secondary treatment
First Law of Thermodynamics
24. When the majority of a building's occupants experience certain symptoms that vary with the amount of time spent in the building.
sick building syndrome
convection
Horizon
crop rotation
25. A specific location from which pollution is released; an example of a point source location is a factory where wood is being burned.
logistic population growth
point source pollution
combustion
land degradation
26. A layer of soil.
R horizon
detritivore
Horizon
pioneer species
27. The carrier organism through which pathogens can attack.
vector
slash-and-burn
Gross Primary Productivity
poison
28. Pollutants that are released directly into the lower atmosphere.
mantle
photosynthesis
primary pollutants
greenbelt
29. Pertaining to factors or things that are separate and independent from living things; nonliving.
extinction
decomposer
species
abiotic
30. Areas where cutting has occurred and a new - younger forest has arisen.
second growth forests
tertiary consumers
secondary pollutants
threshold dose
31. The coarsest soil - with particles 0.05 -2.0 mm in diameter.
land degradation
sand
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
second growth forests
32. The liquid that percolates to the bottom of a landfill.
producer
leachate
non-point source pollution
market permits
33. Says that the entropy (disorder) of the universe is increasing. One corollary of the Second Law of thermodynamics is the concept that - in most energy transformations - a significant fraction of energy is lost to the universe as heat.
fly ash
Second Law of Thermodynamics
physical treatmen
asthenosphere
34. Gave the EPA power to set emission standards for major sources of noise - including transportation - machinery - and construction.
underground mining
U.S. Noise Control Act
crude oil
chemotroph (chemoautotroph)
35. Air currents caused by the vertical movement of air due to atmospheric heating and cooling.
demographic transition model
green tax
convection currents
decomposer
36. A plate boundary at which plates are moving away from each other. This causes an upwelling of magma from the mantle to cool and form new crust.
divergent boundary
catalytic converter
wastewater
riparian right
37. A severe tropical cyclone originating in the equatorial regions of the Atlantic Ocean or Caribbean Sea or eastern regions of the Pacific Ocean - traveling north - northwest - or northeast from its point of origin - and usually involving heavy rains.
tailings
lignite
aquifer
hurricane (typhoon - cyclone)
38. The movement of individuals into a population.
food web
Immigration
assimilation
market permits
39. A cooling of the ocean surface off the western coast of South America - occurring periodically every 4 to 12 years and affecting Pacific and other weather patterns.
La Nina
energy pyramid
crude oil
Coriolis effect
40. Organisms that reproduce early in life and often and have a high capacity for reproductive growth.
k-selected
loamy
r-selected
global warming
41. Radioactive wastes that produce high levels of ionizing radiation.
high-level radioactive waste
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
denitrification
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
42. The effect caused by a short exposure to a high level of toxin.
gray smog (industrial smog)
carnivore
point source pollution
acute effect
43. Any water that has been used by humans. This includes human sewage - water drained from showers - tubs - sinks - dishwashers - washing machines - water from industrial processes - and storm water runoff.
vector
wastewater
potential energy
weathering
44. The rocks and Earth that is removed when mining for a commercially valuable mineral resource.
overburden
industrial smog (gray smog)
fault
hurricane (typhoon - cyclone)
45. A soil horizon; the layer below the O layer is called the A layer. The A layer is formed of weathered rock - with some organic material; often referred to as topsoil.
A layer
pathogens
composting
Horizon
46. The act or process of transpiring - or releasing water vapor - especially through the stomata of plant tissue or the pores of the skin.
indigenous species
heat islands
driftnets
transpiration
47. When mature trees are cut over a period of time (usually10 -20 years); this leaves mature trees - which can reseed the forest - in place.
disease
population
shelter-wood cutting
natural resources
48. The solids that remain after the secondary treatment of sewage.
slash-and-burn
radiant energy
vector
sludge
49. In fishing - the use of long lines that have baited hooks and will be taken by numerous aquatic organisms.
realized niche
ecological footprint
barrels
long lining
50. The amount of energy that plants pass on to the community of herbivores in an ecosystem.
disease
net Primary Productivity (NPP)
selective cutting
tertiary consumers