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AP Environmental Science

Subjects : science, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The A layer of soil is often referred to as topsoil and is most important for plant growth.






2. A fishing technique in which the ocean floor is literally scraped by heavy nets that smash everything in their path.






3. Radioactive wastes that produce high levels of ionizing radiation.






4. A specific location from which pollution is released; an example of a point source location is a factory where wood is being burned.






5. The condition in which - at ecosystem boundaries - there is greater species diversity and biological density than there is in the heart of ecological communities.






6. The process in which plants absorb ammonium (NH3) - ammonia ions (NH4+) - and nitrate ions (NO3) through their roots.






7. The atmospheric pressure conditions corresponding to the periodic warming of El Nino and cooling of La Nina.






8. A basic substance; chemically - a substance that absorbs hydrogen ions or releases hydroxyl ions; in reference to natural water - a measure of the base content of the water.






9. Soil composed of a mixture of sand - clay - silt - and organic matter.






10. The rocks and Earth that is removed when mining for a commercially valuable mineral resource.






11. Graphical representations of populations' ages.






12. A process in which cold - often nutrient-rich - waters from the ocean depths rise to the surface.






13. The result of a pathogen invading a body.






14. The management or regulation of a resource so that its use does not exceed the capacity of the resource to regenerate itself.






15. A process that allows the organic material in solid waste to be decomposed and reintroduced into the soil - often as fertilizer.






16. An erosion-resistant marine ridge or mound consisting chiefly of compacted coral together with algal material and biochemically deposited magnesium and calcium carbonates.






17. Any weathering that's caused by the activities of living organisms.






18. Says that the entropy (disorder) of the universe is increasing. One corollary of the Second Law of thermodynamics is the concept that - in most energy transformations - a significant fraction of energy is lost to the universe as heat.






19. The process of fusing two nuclei.






20. Organisms that consume both producers and primary consumers.






21. Acid rain - acid hail - acid snow; all of which occur as a result of pollution in the atmosphere.






22. The outer part of the Earth - consisting of the crust and upper mantle - approximately 100 km (62 miles) thick.






23. The capacity to do work.






24. The dosage level of a toxin at which a negative effect occurs.






25. When ecological succession begins in a virtually lifeless area - such as the area behind a moving glacier.






26. An opening in the Earth's crust through which molten lava - ash - and gases are ejected.






27. Calculating risk - or the degree of likelihood that a person will become ill upon exposure to a toxin or pathogen.






28. Non-moving sources of pollution - such as factories.






29. An organism that is capable of converting radiant energy or chemical energy into carbohydrates.






30. An animal that only consumes other animals.






31. Smog resulting from emissions from industry and other sources of gases produced by the burning of fossil fuels - especially coal.






32. The removal of select trees in an area; this leaves the majority of the habitat in place and has less of an impact on the ecosystem.






33. The fraction of solar energy that is reflected back into space.






34. The place where two plates abut each other.






35. Any water that has been used by humans. This includes human sewage - water drained from showers - tubs - sinks - dishwashers - washing machines - water from industrial processes - and storm water runoff.






36. An organism that obtains organic food molecules without eating other organisms or substances derived from other organisms. autotrophs use energy from the sun or from the oxidation of inorganic substances to make organic molecules from inorganic ones.






37. Power generated using water.






38. When companies are allowed to buy permits that allow them a certain amount of discharge of substances into certain environmental outlets. If they can reduce their amount of discharge - they are allowed to sell the remaining portion of their permit to






39. The uppermost horizon of soil. It is primarily made up of organic material - including waste from organisms - the bodies of decomposing organisms - and live organisms.






40. The third purest form of coal.






41. The process of burning.






42. The result of vibrations (often due to plate movements) deep in the Earth that release energy. They often occur as two plates slide past one another at a transform boundary.






43. Devices containing alkaline substances that precipitate out much of the sulfur dioxide from industrial plants.






44. The vertical movement of a mass of matter due to heating and cooling; this can happen in both the atmosphere and Earth's mantle.






45. Any noise that causes stress or has the potential to damage human health.






46. A climate variation that takes place in the tropical Pacific about every three to seven years - for a duration of about one year.






47. The area or environment where an organism or ecological community normally lives or occurs.






48. An influential theory that concerns the long-term rate of conventional oil (and other fossil fuel) extraction and depletion. It predicts that future world oil production will soon reach a peak and then rapidly decline.






49. When physically treated sewage water is passed into a settling tank - where suspended solids settle out as sludge; chemically treated polymers may be added to help the suspended solids separate and settle out.






50. The maintenance of a species or ecosystem in order to ensure their perpetuation - with no concern as to their potential monetary value







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