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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
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science
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ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Areas where cutting has occurred and a new - younger forest has arisen.
weather
second growth forests
active collection
genetic drift
2. A process in which rows of crops are plowed across the hillside; this prevents the erosion that can occur when rows are cut up and down on a slope. ...
contour farming
monoculture
net Primary Productivity (NPP)
hurricane (typhoon - cyclone)
3. The part of the mantle that lies just below the lithosphere.
jet stream
competitive exclusion
Superfund Program
asthenosphere
4. The condition in which - at ecosystem boundaries - there is greater species diversity and biological density than there is in the heart of ecological communities.
underground mining
bottom trawling
edge effect
coral reef
5. A program funded by the federal government and a trust that's funded by taxes on chemicals; identifies pollutants and cleans up hazardous waste sites.
primary consumers
Superfund Program
natural resources
edge effect
6. The process that occurs when two different species in a region compete and the better adapted species wins.
plate boundaries
estuary
death rate (crude death rate)
competitive exclusion
7. A cyclonic storm having winds ranging from approximately 48 to 121 km (30 to 75 miles) per hour.
tropical storm
biotic
underground mining
food web
8. Smog resulting from emissions from industry and other sources of gases produced by the burning of fossil fuels.
industrial smog (gray smog)
fossil fuel
mantle
contour farming
9. The second-purest form of coal.
bituminous
subduction zone
toxicity
passive solar energy collection
10. Any substance than is inhaled - ingested - or absorbed at dosages sufficient to damage a living organism.
detritivore
agroforestry
toxin
risk management
11. Living or derived from living things.
earthquake
biotic
preservation
carrying capacity
12. A soil horizon; B receives the minerals and organic materials that are leached out of the A horizon.
B layer
subbituminous
preservation
crop rotation
13. The dark - crumbly - nutrient-rich material that results from the decomposition of organic material.
prior appropriation
humus
birth rate (crude birth rate)
potential energy
14. Piles of gangue - which is the waste material that results from mining.
asthenosphere
global warming
silt
tailings
15. The bedrock - which lies below all of the other layers of soil - is referred to as the R horizon.
loamy
R horizon
tertiary consumers
competitive exclusion
16. Any weathering that's caused by the activities of living organisms.
bottom trawling
biological weathering
subduction zone
population
17. The part of the wide lower course of a river where its current is met by the tides.
estuary
food web
sludge processor
O layer
18. When a species occupies a smaller niche than it would in the absence of competition.
greenhouse effect
realized niche
risk assessment
replacement birth rate
19. Gave the EPA power to set emission standards for major sources of noise - including transportation - machinery - and construction.
community
radiant energy
U.S. Noise Control Act
old growth forest
20. Any waste that poses a danger to human health; it must be dealt with in a different way from other types of waste.
habitat fragmentation
wetlands
hazardous waste
leachate
21. The result of chemical interaction with the bedrock that is typical of the action of both water and atmospheric gases.
composting
barrier island
chemical weathering
ecological succession
22. A platinum - coated device that oxidizes most of the VOCs and some of the CO that would otherwise be emitted in exhaust - converting them to CO2.
population
primary treatment
convergent boundary
catalytic converter
23. The process of burning.
lithosphere
photochemical smog
emigration
combustion
24. An intensification of the Greenhouse Effect due to the increased presence of heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere.
active collection
global warming
ED50
no-till
25. The result of graphing a dose-response analysis.
old growth forest
dose-response curve
r-selected
potential energy
26. Countries that have a renewable annual water supply of about 1 -000 -2 -000 m3 per person.
water-stressed
petroleum
habitat fragmentation
selective cutting
27. When mature trees are cut over a period of time (usually10 -20 years); this leaves mature trees - which can reseed the forest - in place.
proven reserve
active collection
shelter-wood cutting
disease
28. The right - as to fishing or to the use of a riverbed - of one who owns riparian land (the land adjacent to a river or stream).
detritivore
slash-and-burn
riparian right
indigenous species
29. Calculating risk - or the degree of likelihood that a person will become ill upon exposure to a toxin or pathogen.
nuclear fusion
C layer
risk assessment
total fertility rate
30. Also known as transform faults - boundaries at which plates are moving past each other - sideways.
transform boundary
scrubbers
coral reef
second growth forests
31. Energy at rest - or stored energy.
terracing
chemical weathering
potential energy
secondary pollutants
32. The cultivation of a single crop on a farm or in a region or country; a single - homogeneous culture without diversity or dissension.
volcanoes
abiotic
monoculture
riparian right
33. Non-moving sources of pollution - such as factories.
stationary sources
birth rate (crude birth rate)
coral reef
humus
34. The amount of sugar that the plants produce in photosynthesis and subtracting from it the amount of energy the plants need for growth maintenance - repair - and reproduction.
sick building syndrome
acute effect
subduction zone
Gross Primary Productivity
35. Any other species of fish - mammals - or birds that are caught that are not the target organism.
by-catch
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
inner core
acute effect
36. The process in which soil bacteria convert ammonium (NH4+) to a form that can be used by plants; nitrate - or NO3.
closed-loop recycling
reservoir
strip mining
nitrification
37. The process in green plants and certain other organisms by which carbohydrates are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water using light as an energy source. Most forms of photosynthesis release oxygen as a byproduct.
anthracite
tree farms
photosynthesis
selective cutting
38. To convert or change into a vapor.
species
law of conservation of matter
energy pyramid
evaporation
39. Nets that are dragged through the water and indiscriminately catch everything in their path.
by-catch
driftnets
composting
Aquaculture
40. When water rights are given to those who have historically used the water in a certain area.
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
prior appropriation
Hadley cell
photochemical smog
41. The result of a pathogen invading a body.
kinetic energy
bottom trawling
Infection
evolution
42. When photochemical smog - NOx compounds - VOCs - and ozone combine to form smog with a brownish hue.
replacement birth rate
photochemical smog
arable
water-stressed
43. A severe tropical cyclone originating in the equatorial regions of the Atlantic Ocean or Caribbean Sea or eastern regions of the Pacific Ocean - traveling north - northwest - or northeast from its point of origin - and usually involving heavy rains.
hurricane (typhoon - cyclone)
lignite
biomagnifications
indigenous species
44. Any process that breaks rock down into smaller pieces without changing the chemistry of the rock; typically wind and water.
proven reserve
chronic effect
fossil fuel
physical (mechanical) weathering
45. Refers to when farmers plant seeds without using a plow to turn the soil.
no-till
trophic level
leachate
weathering
46. Sunlight.
radiant energy
conservation
primary treatment
Superfund Program
47. Organisms that consume both producers and primary consumers.
secondary pollutants
k-selected
population
omnivores
48. A usually triangular alluvial deposit at the mouth of a river.
watershed
convection
delta
shelter-wood cutting
49. The movement of individuals out of a population.
kinetic energy
natural resources
emigration
LD50
50. The amount of the Earth's surface that's necessary to supply the needs of - and dispose of the waste from a particular population.
ecological footprint
potential energy
R horizon
bottom trawling
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