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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The total sum of a species' use of the biotic and abiotic resources in its environment.
niche
heat islands
total fertility rate
arable
2. An influential theory that concerns the long-term rate of conventional oil (and other fossil fuel) extraction and depletion. It predicts that future world oil production will soon reach a peak and then rapidly decline.
hydroelectric power
convergent boundary
crop rotation
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
3. The process by which specialized bacteria (mostly anaerobic bacteria) convert ammonia to NOy NO2 - and N2 and release it back to the atmosphere.
ozone holes
ecological footprint
climax community
denitrification
4. A climate variation that takes place in the tropical Pacific about every three to seven years - for a duration of about one year.
mineral deposit
tertiary consumers
El Nino
anthracite
5. Smog resulting from emissions from industry and other sources of gases produced by the burning of fossil fuels.
industrial smog (gray smog)
physical treatmen
non-point source pollution
bituminous
6. The structure obtained if we organize the amount of energy contained in producers and consumers in an ecosystem by kilocalories per square meter - from largest to smallest.
long lining
net Primary Productivity (NPP)
energy pyramid
nitrification
7. The gradual breakdown of rock into smaller and smaller particles - caused by natural chemical - physical - and biological factors.
weathering
toxicity
greenbelt
stationary sources
8. Formed from populations of different species occupying the same geographic area.
genetic drift
fission
community
Headwaters
9. The amount of energy that plants pass on to the community of herbivores in an ecosystem.
humus
weather
net Primary Productivity (NPP)
proven reserve
10. Smog resulting from emissions from industry and other sources of gases produced by the burning of fossil fuels - especially coal.
hydroelectric power
physical (mechanical) weathering
gray smog (industrial smog)
proven reserve
11. The process in which plants absorb ammonium (NH3) - ammonia ions (NH4+) - and nitrate ions (NO3) through their roots.
competitive exclusion
assimilation
denitrification
thermocline
12. The development and introduction of new varieties of (mainly) wheat and rice that has increased yields per acre dramatically in countries since the 1960s.
Green Revolution
deep well injection
denitrification
low-level radioactive waste
13. A basic substance; chemically - a substance that absorbs hydrogen ions or releases hydroxyl ions; in reference to natural water - a measure of the base content of the water.
divergent boundary
chemotroph (chemoautotroph)
alkaline
delta
14. The use of building materials - building placement - and design to passively collect solar energy that can be used to keep a building warm or cool.
passive solar energy collection
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
by-catch
Green Revolution
15. Nets that are dragged through the water and indiscriminately catch everything in their path.
driftnets
red tide
by-catch
hydroelectric power
16. The maximum population size that can be supported by the available resources in a region.
carrying capacity
species
catalytic converter
stationary sources
17. A high-speed - meandering wind current - generally moving from a westerly direction at speeds often exceeding 400 km (250 miles) per hour at altitudes of 15 to 25 km (10 to 15 miles).
jet stream
sand
nitrogen fixation
estuary
18. A complex of interrelated food chains in an ecological community.
food web
heterotrophy
producer
biomagnifications
19. Using strategies to reduce the amount of risk (the degree of likelihood that a person will become ill upon exposure to a toxin or pathogen).
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
acute effect
risk management
biosphere
20. Also known as transform faults - boundaries at which plates are moving past each other - sideways.
driftnets
Green Revolution
transform boundary
evolution
21. A symbiotic relationship in which one member is helped by the association and the other is harmed.
parasitism
invasive species
primary treatment
r-selected
22. The form petroleum takes when in the ground.
extinction
water-scarce
crude oil
ecological footprint
23. An organism that is capable of converting radiant energy or chemical energy into carbohydrates.
market permits
producer
anthracite
carnivore
24. An introduced - normative species.
albedo
invasive species
barrels
Uneven-aged management
25. The day-to-day variations in temperature - air pressure - wind - humidity - and precipitation mediated by the atmosphere in a given region.
wind farm
fly ash
primary succession
weather
26. Occurs when infection causes a change in the state of health.
disease
pioneer species
predation
inner core
27. A soil horizon; B receives the minerals and organic materials that are leached out of the A horizon.
B layer
global warming
erosion
poison
28. When ecological succession begins in a virtually lifeless area - such as the area behind a moving glacier.
fly ash
primary succession
indigenous species
proven reserve
29. A process in which an organism is exposed to a toxin at different concentrations - and the dosage that causes the death of the organism is recorded.
dose-response analysis
chemical weathering
physical treatmen
wetlands
30. The gaseous mass or envelope surrounding a celestial body - especially the one surrounding the Earth - which is retained by the celestial body's gravitational field.
bottom trawling
transpiration
evolution
atmosphere
31. The condition in which - at ecosystem boundaries - there is greater species diversity and biological density than there is in the heart of ecological communities.
convection currents
surface fires
Aquaculture
edge effect
32. The A layer of soil is often referred to as topsoil and is most important for plant growth.
consumer
Green Revolution
natural resources
topsoil
33. When a species occupies a smaller niche than it would in the absence of competition.
U.S. Noise Control Act
ED50
acute effect
realized niche
34. An organism such as a bacterium or protozoan - that obtains its nourishment through the oxidation of inorganic chemical compounds - as opposed to photosynthesis.
poison
green tax
deep well injection
chemotroph (chemoautotroph)
35. Fires that typically burn only the forest's underbrush and do little damage to mature trees. Surface fires actually serve to protect the forest from more harmful fires by removing underbrush and dead materials that would burn quickly and at high temp
producer
petroleum
surface fires
gray smog (industrial smog)
36. Involves the removal of the Earth's surface all the way down to the level of the mineral seam.
anthracite
net Primary Productivity (NPP)
strip mining
consumer
37. The maintenance of a species or ecosystem in order to ensure their perpetuation - with no concern as to their potential monetary value
preservation
population
tree farms
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
38. A severe tropical cyclone originating in the equatorial regions of the Atlantic Ocean or Caribbean Sea or eastern regions of the Pacific Ocean - traveling north - northwest - or northeast from its point of origin - and usually involving heavy rains.
surface fires
hurricane (typhoon - cyclone)
underground mining
Aquaculture
39. Fish farming in which fish are caught in the wild and not raised in captivity for consumption.
First Law of Thermodynamics
reservoir
capture fisheries
surface fires
40. The part of the wide lower course of a river where its current is met by the tides.
hydroelectric power
evaporation
estuary
net Primary Productivity (NPP)
41. The fraction of solar energy that is reflected back into space.
albedo
energy
food web
fossil fuel
42. The number of individuals of a population that inhabit a certain unit of land or water area.
global warming
climax community
population density
tropospheric ozone
43. Pollutants that are released directly into the lower atmosphere.
habitat
old growth forest
photochemical smog
primary pollutants
44. The rocks and Earth that is removed when mining for a commercially valuable mineral resource.
chemotroph (chemoautotroph)
Headwaters
overburden
risk assessment
45. The removal of trees for agricultural purposes or purposes of exportation.
hydroelectric power
asthenosphere
deforestation
passive solar energy collection
46. A usually triangular alluvial deposit at the mouth of a river.
law of conservation of matter
consumption
closed-loop recycling
delta
47. When soil becomes water-logged and then dries out - and salt forms a layer on its surface.
bottom trawling
omnivores
Horizon
land degradation
48. The amount that the population would grow if there were unlimited resources in its environment.
photochemical smog
biotic potential
atmosphere
ED50
49. A tank filled with aerobic bacteria that's used to treat sewage.
invasive species
sludge processor
market permits
underground mining
50. Graphical representations of populations' ages.
alkaline
barrels
age-structure pyramids
salinization