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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Drilling a hole in the ground that's below the water table to hold waste.
composting
nitrogen fixation
bituminous
deep well injection
2. The uppermost horizon of soil. It is primarily made up of organic material - including waste from organisms - the bodies of decomposing organisms - and live organisms.
community
biological weathering
O layer
composting
3. The process by which the concentration of toxic substances increases in each successive link in the food chain.
acid
biomagnifications
market permits
silviculture
4. The number of children a couple must have in order to replace themselves in a population.
thermosphere
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
replacement birth rate
Uneven-aged management
5. The process of burning.
loamy
Green Revolution
physical (mechanical) weathering
combustion
6. Involves the removal of the Earth's surface all the way down to the level of the mineral seam.
physical (mechanical) weathering
red tide
strip mining
malnutrition
7. A fiscal policy that lowers taxes on income - including wages and profit - and raises taxes on consumption - particularly the unsustainable consumption of non-renewable resources.
water-scarce
hydroelectric power
green tax
preservation
8. The movement of individuals out of a population.
emigration
kinetic energy
Green Revolution
salinization
9. A soil horizon - horizon C is made up of larger pieces of rock that have not undergone much weathering.
jet stream
C layer
realized niche
toxicity
10. An organism that is capable of converting radiant energy or chemical energy into carbohydrates.
ozone holes
secondary treatment
composting
producer
11. Organisms in the first stages of succession.
total fertility rate
mineral deposit
pioneer species
erosion
12. The process by which - according to Darwin's theory of evolution - only the organisms best adapted to their environment tend to survive and transmit their genetic characteristics in increasing numbers to succeeding generations - while those less adap
drip irrigation
natural selection
predation
La Nina
13. An influential theory that concerns the long-term rate of conventional oil (and other fossil fuel) extraction and depletion. It predicts that future world oil production will soon reach a peak and then rapidly decline.
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
ED50
population density
asthenosphere
14. Any compound that releases hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. Also - a water solution that contains a surplus of hydrogen ions.
pathogens
wastewater
acid
food chain
15. The management or regulation of a resource so that its use does not exceed the capacity of the resource to regenerate itself.
land degradation
k-selected
conservation
closed-loop recycling
16. Also known as transform faults - boundaries at which plates are moving past each other - sideways.
arable
water-scarce
keystone species
transform boundary
17. Graphical representations of populations' ages.
age-structure pyramids
low-level radioactive waste
watershed
bottom trawling
18. The effect caused by a short exposure to a high level of toxin.
acute effect
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
watershed
law of conservation of matter
19. Biotic and abiotic natural ecosystems.
by-catch
age-structure pyramids
natural resources
energy
20. The movement of individuals into a population.
convection currents
composting
Immigration
barrier island
21. The layer of the Earth between the crust and the core.
clay
reservoir
law of conservation of matter
mantle
22. A high-speed - meandering wind current - generally moving from a westerly direction at speeds often exceeding 400 km (250 miles) per hour at altitudes of 15 to 25 km (10 to 15 miles).
fault
convergent boundary
combustion
jet stream
23. When the size of an organism's natural habitat is reduced - or when development occurs that isolates a habitat.
habitat fragmentation
water-stressed
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
biological weathering
24. The process in which animals (and plants!) breathe and give off carbon dioxide from cellular metabolism.
secondary pollutants
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
respiration
25. When water rights are given to those who have historically used the water in a certain area.
earthquake
prior appropriation
C layer
decomposer
26. The process in which plants absorb ammonium (NH3) - ammonia ions (NH4+) - and nitrate ions (NO3) through their roots.
food chain
subduction zone
assimilation
malnutrition
27. The least pure coal.
aquifer
lignite
Gross Primary Productivity
risk management
28. The condition in which - at ecosystem boundaries - there is greater species diversity and biological density than there is in the heart of ecological communities.
mantle
logistic population growth
mineral deposit
edge effect
29. A program funded by the federal government and a trust that's funded by taxes on chemicals; identifies pollutants and cleans up hazardous waste sites.
greenbelt
land degradation
barrier island
Superfund Program
30. Nets that are dragged through the water and indiscriminately catch everything in their path.
composting
alkaline
driftnets
selective cutting
31. Pertaining to factors or things that are separate and independent from living things; nonliving.
vector
r-selected
abiotic
trade winds
32. The liquid that percolates to the bottom of a landfill.
deforestation
ED50
leachate
weather
33. The structure obtained if we organize the amount of energy contained in producers and consumers in an ecosystem by kilocalories per square meter - from largest to smallest.
energy pyramid
lignite
Headwaters
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
34. The vertical movement of a mass of matter due to heating and cooling; this can happen in both the atmosphere and Earth's mantle.
hurricane (typhoon - cyclone)
convection
pioneer species
divergent boundary
35. A platinum - coated device that oxidizes most of the VOCs and some of the CO that would otherwise be emitted in exhaust - converting them to CO2.
catalytic converter
long lining
malnutrition
biotic potential
36. Countries that have a renewable annual water supply of less than 1 -000 m3 per person.
deforestation
petroleum
water-scarce
hydroelectric power
37. The gradual breakdown of rock into smaller and smaller particles - caused by natural chemical - physical - and biological factors.
divergent boundary
weathering
anthracite
surface fires
38. Living or derived from living things.
First Law of Thermodynamics
La Nina
riparian right
biotic
39. In a sewage treatment plant - the initial filtration that is done to remove debris such as stones - sticks - rags - toys - and other objects that were flushed down the toilet.
lignite
second growth forests
physical treatmen
vector
40. The amount of time it takes for half of a radioactive sample to disappear.
Half-life
convergent boundary
gray smog (industrial smog)
population
41. The value of natural resources.
denitrification
producer
assimilation
ecosystem capital
42. Change in the genetic composition of a population during successive generations as a result of natural selection acting on the genetic variation among individuals and resulting in the development of new species.
C layer
evolution
Southern Oscillation
salinization
43. States that matter can neither be created nor destroyed.
biomagnifications
long lining
Headwaters
law of conservation of matter
44. The removal of trees for agricultural purposes or purposes of exportation.
sand
greenbelt
deforestation
crude oil
45. A group of organisms of the same species that live in the same area.
population
consumption
agroforestry
assimilation
46. The outermost shell of the atmosphere - between the mesosphere and outer space - where temperatures increase steadily with altitude.
fault
thermosphere
topsoil
bituminous
47. When ecological succession begins in a virtually lifeless area - such as the area behind a moving glacier.
nuclear fusion
long lining
edge effect
primary succession
48. A complex of interrelated food chains in an ecological community.
risk assessment
land degradation
food web
decomposer
49. Pollution that does not have a specific point of release - open -loop recycling -when materials are reused to form new products.
reservoir
coral reef
non-point source pollution
pioneer species
50. In tectonic plates - the site at which an oceanic plate is sliding under a continental plate.
chemotroph (chemoautotroph)
subduction zone
carnivore
upwelling