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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A process in which an organism is exposed to a toxin at different concentrations - and the dosage that causes the death of the organism is recorded.
dose-response analysis
biotic potential
trade winds
symbiotic relationships
2. The place where two plates abut each other.
fault
physical treatmen
humus
population
3. Any other species of fish - mammals - or birds that are caught that are not the target organism.
by-catch
thermosphere
passive solar energy collection
convection currents
4. The atmospheric pressure conditions corresponding to the periodic warming of El Nino and cooling of La Nina.
Southern Oscillation
ozone holes
primary pollutants
genetic drift
5. The random fluctuations in the frequency of the appearance of a gene in a small isolated population - presumably owing to chance - rather than natural selection.
R horizon
barrier island
genetic drift
Hadley cell
6. The amount of the Earth's surface that's necessary to supply the needs of - and dispose of the waste from a particular population.
ecological footprint
nitrogen fixation
Southern Oscillation
La Nina
7. Smog resulting from emissions from industry and other sources of gases produced by the burning of fossil fuels - especially coal.
abiotic
gray smog (industrial smog)
biological weathering
mineral deposit
8. Using strategies to reduce the amount of risk (the degree of likelihood that a person will become ill upon exposure to a toxin or pathogen).
dose-response curve
risk management
divergent boundary
malnutrition
9. Is equal to the number of deaths per 1 -000 members of the population in a year.
overgrazed
death rate (crude death rate)
acute effect
convection currents
10. The carrier organism through which pathogens can attack.
hurricane (typhoon - cyclone)
respiration
secondary pollutants
vector
11. The least pure coal.
thermocline
lignite
fission
point source pollution
12. Involves the removal of the Earth's surface all the way down to the level of the mineral seam.
strip mining
primary pollutants
demographic transition model
invasive species
13. An influential theory that concerns the long-term rate of conventional oil (and other fossil fuel) extraction and depletion. It predicts that future world oil production will soon reach a peak and then rapidly decline.
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
primary treatment
consumption
transform boundary
14. A process in which cold - often nutrient-rich - waters from the ocean depths rise to the surface.
omnivores
point source pollution
radiant energy
upwelling
15. The second-purest form of coal.
logistic population growth
bituminous
Headwaters
ecological succession
16. Organisms that derive energy from consuming nonliving organic matter.
convergent boundary
detritivore
renewable resources
climax community
17. Organisms that consume primary consumers.
secondary consumers
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
industrial smog (gray smog)
heterotrophy
18. Countries that have a renewable annual water supply of about 1 -000 -2 -000 m3 per person.
green tax
silt
water-stressed
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
19. The process in which soil bacteria convert ammonium (NH4+) to a form that can be used by plants; nitrate - or NO3.
passive solar energy collection
clay
subduction zone
nitrification
20. In fishing - the use of long lines that have baited hooks and will be taken by numerous aquatic organisms.
long lining
mineral deposit
population
bottom trawling
21. Species that originate and live - or occur naturally - in an area or environment.
acute effect
indigenous species
pathogens
First Law of Thermodynamics
22. Any water that has been used by humans. This includes human sewage - water drained from showers - tubs - sinks - dishwashers - washing machines - water from industrial processes - and storm water runoff.
fishery
trophic level
wastewater
clear-cutting
23. Fish farming in which fish are caught in the wild and not raised in captivity for consumption.
risk management
capture fisheries
r-selected
potential energy
24. The removal of trees for agricultural purposes or purposes of exportation.
acid
combustion
deforestation
convection
25. The point at which 50 percent of the test organisms die from a toxin.
sick building syndrome
capture fisheries
competitive exclusion
LD50
26. The more or less constant winds blowing in horizontal directions over the Earth's surface - as part of Hadley cells.
trade winds
alkaline
El Nino
death rate (crude death rate)
27. An influential theory that concerns the long - term rate of conventional oil (and other fossil fuel) extraction and depletion. It predicts that future world oil production will soon reach a peak and then rapidly decline.
by-catch
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
fission
rain shadow
28. Any waste that poses a danger to human health; it must be dealt with in a different way from other types of waste.
food web
hazardous waste
competitive exclusion
Half-life
29. The finest soil - made up of particles that are less than 0.002 mm in diameter.
clay
denitrification
bioaccumulation
invasive species
30. Fires that typically burn only the forest's underbrush and do little damage to mature trees. Surface fires actually serve to protect the forest from more harmful fires by removing underbrush and dead materials that would burn quickly and at high temp
acute effect
contour farming
keystone species
surface fires
31. The thinning of the ozone layer over Antarctica (and to some extent - over the Arctic).
heat islands
fly ash
ozone holes
estuary
32. Pollutants that are released directly into the lower atmosphere.
primary pollutants
topsoil
Southern Oscillation
nitrification
33. The maintenance of a species or ecosystem in order to ensure their perpetuation - with no concern as to their potential monetary value
tropical storm
driftnets
shelter-wood cutting
preservation
34. Organisms that reproduce later in life - produce fewer offspring - and devote significant time and energy to the nurturing of their offspring.
decomposer
ecological footprint
k-selected
by-catch
35. The development and introduction of new varieties of (mainly) wheat and rice that has increased yields per acre dramatically in countries since the 1960s.
Green Revolution
petroleum
parasitism
population density
36. The amount of sugar that the plants produce in photosynthesis and subtracting from it the amount of energy the plants need for growth maintenance - repair - and reproduction.
Gross Primary Productivity
building-related illness
vector
lignite
37. A usually triangular alluvial deposit at the mouth of a river.
arable
delta
toxin
alkaline
38. When companies are allowed to buy permits that allow them a certain amount of discharge of substances into certain environmental outlets. If they can reduce their amount of discharge - they are allowed to sell the remaining portion of their permit to
green tax
riparian right
chemical weathering
market permits
39. Soil with particles 0.002 -0.05 mm in diameter.
old growth forest
silt
convection currents
hydroelectric power
40. The process by which specialized bacteria (mostly anaerobic bacteria) convert ammonia to NOy NO2 - and N2 and release it back to the atmosphere.
tertiary consumers
proven reserve
denitrification
shelter-wood cutting
41. When physically treated sewage water is passed into a settling tank - where suspended solids settle out as sludge; chemically treated polymers may be added to help the suspended solids separate and settle out.
primary treatment
water-scarce
slash-and-burn
niche
42. The amount of energy that plants pass on to the community of herbivores in an ecosystem.
secondary treatment
monoculture
strip mining
net Primary Productivity (NPP)
43. The low-rainfall region that exists on the leeward (downwind) side of a mountain range. This rain shadow is the result of the mountain range's causing precipitation on the windward side.
rain shadow
species
ecological footprint
petroleum
44. The practice of alternating the crops grown on a piece of land - for example - corn one year - legumes for two years - and then back to corn.
crop rotation
trophic level
alkaline
loamy
45. The process by which - according to Darwin's theory of evolution - only the organisms best adapted to their environment tend to survive and transmit their genetic characteristics in increasing numbers to succeeding generations - while those less adap
malnutrition
non-point source pollution
natural selection
replacement birth rate
46. The vertical movement of a mass of matter due to heating and cooling; this can happen in both the atmosphere and Earth's mantle.
convection
Gross Primary Productivity
indigenous species
plate boundaries
47. A soil horizon; the layer below the O layer is called the A layer. The A layer is formed of weathered rock - with some organic material; often referred to as topsoil.
LD50
A layer
tailings
tropical storm
48. A fiscal policy that lowers taxes on income - including wages and profit - and raises taxes on consumption - particularly the unsustainable consumption of non-renewable resources.
nitrogen fixation
anthracite
green tax
delta
49. The right - as to fishing or to the use of a riverbed - of one who owns riparian land (the land adjacent to a river or stream).
nitrification
barrier island
acute effect
riparian right
50. The A layer of soil is often referred to as topsoil and is most important for plant growth.
disease
topsoil
nitrogen fixation
primary pollutants