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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The unit used to describe the volume of fossil fuels.
aquifer
barrels
autotroph
deep well injection
2. Formed from populations of different species occupying the same geographic area.
kinetic energy
community
watershed
anthracite
3. A symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit.
contour farming
preservation
topsoil
mutualism
4. The uppermost horizon of soil. It is primarily made up of organic material - including waste from organisms - the bodies of decomposing organisms - and live organisms.
underground mining
O layer
hydroelectric power
toxin
5. The second-purest form of coal.
Gross Primary Productivity
tropospheric ozone
bituminous
plate boundaries
6. Says that the entropy (disorder) of the universe is increasing. One corollary of the Second Law of thermodynamics is the concept that - in most energy transformations - a significant fraction of energy is lost to the universe as heat.
delta
Second Law of Thermodynamics
bituminous
land degradation
7. Any substance that has an LD50 - of 50 mg or less per kg of body weight.
poison
petroleum
conservation
fossil fuel
8. An organism that is capable of converting radiant energy or chemical energy into carbohydrates.
high-level radioactive waste
bioaccumulation
volcanoes
producer
9. Occurs when infection causes a change in the state of health.
conservation
loamy
weathering
disease
10. Change in the genetic composition of a population during successive generations as a result of natural selection acting on the genetic variation among individuals and resulting in the development of new species.
U.S. Noise Control Act
evolution
sludge processor
deforestation
11. The finest soil - made up of particles that are less than 0.002 mm in diameter.
carrying capacity
acute effect
genetic drift
clay
12. Soil with particles 0.002 -0.05 mm in diameter.
erosion
pioneer species
decomposer
silt
13. A fiscal policy that lowers taxes on income - including wages and profit - and raises taxes on consumption - particularly the unsustainable consumption of non-renewable resources.
green tax
consumption
fly ash
convection currents
14. The number of children an average woman will bear during her lifetime; this information is based on an analysis of data from preceding years in the population in question.
biosphere
consumer
silt
total fertility rate
15. The form petroleum takes when in the ground.
wetlands
crude oil
petroleum
indigenous species
16. Devices containing alkaline substances that precipitate out much of the sulfur dioxide from industrial plants.
C layer
pathogens
atmosphere
scrubbers
17. A method of supplying irrigation water through tubes that literally drip water onto the soil at the base of each plant.
Gross Primary Productivity
drip irrigation
law of conservation of matter
fossil fuel
18. The outer part of the Earth - consisting of the crust and upper mantle - approximately 100 km (62 miles) thick.
kinetic energy
food web
lithosphere
no-till
19. Being extinct or the process of becoming extinct.
mutualism
extinction
biological weathering
underground mining
20. An organism that cannot synthesize its own food and is dependent on complex organic substances for nutrition.
death rate (crude death rate)
heterotrophy
inner core
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
21. A complex of interrelated food chains in an ecological community.
Southern Oscillation
tropospheric ozone
food web
species
22. The random fluctuations in the frequency of the appearance of a gene in a small isolated population - presumably owing to chance - rather than natural selection.
wetlands
genetic drift
volcanoes
abiotic
23. Organisms that are capable of interbreeding with one another and incapable of breeding with other species.
humus
Southern Oscillation
species
chemotroph (chemoautotroph)
24. Says that energy can neither be created nor destroyed; it can only be transferred and transformed.
silt
Half-life
second growth forests
First Law of Thermodynamics
25. Sunlight.
primary pollutants
radiant energy
silt
plate boundaries
26. The water from which a river rises; a source.
proven reserve
Headwaters
food web
renewable resources
27. The phenomenon whereby the Earth's atmosphere traps solar radiation - caused by the presence in the atmosphere of gases such as carbon dioxide - water vapor - and methane that allow incoming sunlight to pass through - but absorb heat radiated back fr
genetic drift
heat islands
competitive exclusion
greenhouse effect
28. The maximum population size that can be supported by the available resources in a region.
consumer
coral reef
carrying capacity
anthracite
29. The condition in which - at ecosystem boundaries - there is greater species diversity and biological density than there is in the heart of ecological communities.
divergent boundary
non-point source pollution
edge effect
ecosystem capital
30. An animal that only consumes other animals.
competitive exclusion
carnivore
greenbelt
arable
31. The coarsest soil - with particles 0.05 -2.0 mm in diameter.
community
sand
physical treatmen
Southern Oscillation
32. When an area of vegetation is cut down and burned before being planted with crops.
energy
acute effect
slash-and-burn
Superfund Program
33. Each of the feeding levels in a food chain.
evaporation
overburden
trophic level
driftnets
34. Radioactive wastes that produce high levels of ionizing radiation.
global warming
high-level radioactive waste
B layer
omnivores
35. The day-to-day use of environmental resources as food - clothing - and housing.
tree farms
habitat fragmentation
Headwaters
consumption
36. The management or regulation of a resource so that its use does not exceed the capacity of the resource to regenerate itself.
conservation
convection currents
Coriolis effect
bituminous
37. An estimate of the amount of fossil fuel that can be obtained from reserve.
toxin
overburden
proven reserve
death rate (crude death rate)
38. The carrier organism through which pathogens can attack.
loamy
vector
tree farms
watershed
39. The result of vibrations (often due to plate movements) deep in the Earth that release energy. They often occur as two plates slide past one another at a transform boundary.
heat islands
decomposer
dose-response analysis
earthquake
40. Areas where cutting has occurred and a new - younger forest has arisen.
second growth forests
by-catch
A layer
biological weathering
41. Acid rain - acid hail - acid snow; all of which occur as a result of pollution in the atmosphere.
watershed
thermocline
acid precipitation
preservation
42. Any process that breaks rock down into smaller pieces without changing the chemistry of the rock; typically wind and water.
lithosphere
physical (mechanical) weathering
death rate (crude death rate)
parasitism
43. The process by which the concentration of toxic substances increases in each successive link in the food chain.
biomagnifications
loamy
transpiration
niche
44. An underground layer of porous rock - sand - or other material that allows the movement of water between layers of nonporous rock or clay. Aquifers are frequently tapped for wells.
topsoil
aquifer
passive solar energy collection
death rate (crude death rate)
45. When populations are well below the size dictated by the carrying capacity of the region they live in - they will grow exponentially - but as they approach the carrying capacity - their growth rate will decrease and the size of the population will ev
logistic population growth
market permits
Infection
long lining
46. The vertical movement of a mass of matter due to heating and cooling; this can happen in both the atmosphere and Earth's mantle.
prior appropriation
convection
terracing
secondary consumers
47. The energy of motion.
consumption
kinetic energy
humus
low-level radioactive waste
48. Non-moving sources of pollution - such as factories.
stationary sources
Hadley cell
noise pollution
fault
49. Also known as transform faults - boundaries at which plates are moving past each other - sideways.
tropospheric ozone
transform boundary
green tax
jet stream
50. When each family in a community grows crops for themselves and rely on animal and human labor to plant and harvest crops.
gray smog (industrial smog)
underground mining
deforestation
traditional subsistence agriculture