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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
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science
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ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The management or regulation of a resource so that its use does not exceed the capacity of the resource to regenerate itself.
kinetic energy
overgrazed
threshold dose
conservation
2. A soil horizon; the layer below the O layer is called the A layer. The A layer is formed of weathered rock - with some organic material; often referred to as topsoil.
primary treatment
A layer
lignite
fault
3. When populations are well below the size dictated by the carrying capacity of the region they live in - they will grow exponentially - but as they approach the carrying capacity - their growth rate will decrease and the size of the population will ev
risk assessment
birth rate (crude birth rate)
conservation
logistic population growth
4. Fish farming in which fish are caught in the wild and not raised in captivity for consumption.
climax community
capture fisheries
crude oil
transform boundary
5. Also known as plantations - these are planted and managed tracts of trees of the same age that are harvested for commercial use.
jet stream
crude oil
food chain
tree farms
6. The result of graphing a dose-response analysis.
competitive exclusion
wetlands
dose-response curve
convergent boundary
7. The point at which 50 percent of the test organisms die from a toxin.
sludge
composting
LD50
subduction zone
8. Power generated using water.
driftnets
hydroelectric power
food chain
asthenosphere
9. The dosage level of a toxin at which a negative effect occurs.
threshold dose
risk assessment
invasive species
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
10. A symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit.
mutualism
carnivore
evolution
arable
11. A severe tropical cyclone originating in the equatorial regions of the Atlantic Ocean or Caribbean Sea or eastern regions of the Pacific Ocean - traveling north - northwest - or northeast from its point of origin - and usually involving heavy rains.
hurricane (typhoon - cyclone)
heterotrophy
nonrenewable resources
primary pollutants
12. A tank filled with aerobic bacteria that's used to treat sewage.
tree farms
sludge processor
fishery
Uneven-aged management
13. Involves the removal of the Earth's surface all the way down to the level of the mineral seam.
strip mining
Superfund Program
realized niche
high-level radioactive waste
14. Countries that have a renewable annual water supply of less than 1 -000 m3 per person.
proven reserve
water-scarce
sick building syndrome
keystone species
15. The movement of individuals into a population.
fission
Immigration
fossil fuel
tree farms
16. A cooling of the ocean surface off the western coast of South America - occurring periodically every 4 to 12 years and affecting Pacific and other weather patterns.
La Nina
humus
abiotic
acid
17. When physically treated sewage water is passed into a settling tank - where suspended solids settle out as sludge; chemically treated polymers may be added to help the suspended solids separate and settle out.
parasitism
First Law of Thermodynamics
earthquake
primary treatment
18. The process in which animals (and plants!) breathe and give off carbon dioxide from cellular metabolism.
primary treatment
niche
hydroelectric power
respiration
19. Open or forested areas built at the outer edge of a city.
parasitism
U.S. Noise Control Act
tailings
greenbelt
20. The result of chemical interaction with the bedrock that is typical of the action of both water and atmospheric gases.
demographic transition model
subduction zone
U.S. Noise Control Act
chemical weathering
21. When each family in a community grows crops for themselves and rely on animal and human labor to plant and harvest crops.
surface fires
dose-response curve
toxicity
traditional subsistence agriculture
22. Involves the sinking of shafts to reach underground deposits. In this type of mining - networks of tunnels are dug or blasted and humans enter these tunnels in order to manually retrieve the coal.
net Primary Productivity (NPP)
underground mining
ED50
heat islands
23. A usually triangular alluvial deposit at the mouth of a river.
lignite
A layer
chemotroph (chemoautotroph)
delta
24. An influential theory that concerns the long - term rate of conventional oil (and other fossil fuel) extraction and depletion. It predicts that future world oil production will soon reach a peak and then rapidly decline.
Headwaters
wetlands
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
weather
25. The number of children an average woman will bear during her lifetime; this information is based on an analysis of data from preceding years in the population in question.
Hadley cell
climax community
realized niche
total fertility rate
26. When mature trees are cut over a period of time (usually10 -20 years); this leaves mature trees - which can reseed the forest - in place.
upwelling
shelter-wood cutting
land degradation
deforestation
27. An introduced - normative species.
disease
predation
death rate (crude death rate)
invasive species
28. The maintenance of a species or ecosystem in order to ensure their perpetuation - with no concern as to their potential monetary value
preservation
rain shadow
shelter-wood cutting
overburden
29. Being extinct or the process of becoming extinct.
erosion
extinction
energy pyramid
keystone species
30. When soil becomes water-logged and then dries out - and salt forms a layer on its surface.
detritivore
secondary treatment
bioaccumulation
land degradation
31. A program funded by the federal government and a trust that's funded by taxes on chemicals; identifies pollutants and cleans up hazardous waste sites.
transpiration
salinization
Superfund Program
Aquaculture
32. A fiscal policy that lowers taxes on income - including wages and profit - and raises taxes on consumption - particularly the unsustainable consumption of non-renewable resources.
green tax
threshold dose
catalytic converter
asthenosphere
33. When the energy released from waste incineration is used to generate electricity.
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program
Immigration
overgrazed
red tide
34. The process of burning.
jet stream
combustion
secondary consumers
erosion
35. The thinning of the ozone layer over Antarctica (and to some extent - over the Arctic).
ozone holes
subduction zone
logistic population growth
primary pollutants
36. Living or derived from living things.
biotic
deforestation
wetlands
replacement birth rate
37. Refers to resources - such as plants and animals - which can be regenerated if harvested at sustainable yields.
evolution
passive solar energy collection
renewable resources
overgrazed
38. Calculating risk - or the degree of likelihood that a person will become ill upon exposure to a toxin or pathogen.
edge effect
risk assessment
predation
hurricane (typhoon - cyclone)
39. The carrier organism through which pathogens can attack.
population
transpiration
B layer
vector
40. Urban areas that heat up more quickly and retain heat more than do nonurban areas.
bottom trawling
replacement birth rate
heat islands
toxin
41. A process in which an organism is exposed to a toxin at different concentrations - and the dosage that causes the death of the organism is recorded.
U.S. Noise Control Act
combustion
dose-response analysis
overgrazed
42. The result of vibrations (often due to plate movements) deep in the Earth that release energy. They often occur as two plates slide past one another at a transform boundary.
transform boundary
Uneven-aged management
earthquake
stationary sources
43. A semiconductor device that converts the energy of sunlight into electric energy.
k-selected
erosion
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
point source pollution
44. Any compound that releases hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. Also - a water solution that contains a surplus of hydrogen ions.
subduction zone
acid
First Law of Thermodynamics
population
45. The removal of all of the trees in an area.
passive solar energy collection
tropical storm
clear-cutting
silviculture
46. A nuclear reaction in which an atomic nucleus - especially a heavy nucleus such as an isotope of uranium - splits into fragments - usually two fragments of comparable mass - releasing from 100 million to several hundred million electron volts of ener
scrubbers
potential energy
fission
energy pyramid
47. Drilling a hole in the ground that's below the water table to hold waste.
biotic
ecosystem capital
fossil fuel
deep well injection
48. Piles of gangue - which is the waste material that results from mining.
tailings
greenhouse effect
C layer
subbituminous
49. The part of the wide lower course of a river where its current is met by the tides.
estuary
B layer
k-selected
El Nino
50. The edges of tectonic plates.
composting
long lining
food chain
plate boundaries
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