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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The bedrock - which lies below all of the other layers of soil - is referred to as the R horizon.
R horizon
wastewater
acute effect
malnutrition
2. The process of soil particles being carried away by wind or water. Erosion moves the smaller particles first and hence degrades the soil to a coarser - sandier - stonier texture.
demographic transition model
La Nina
erosion
trade winds
3. Says that the entropy (disorder) of the universe is increasing. One corollary of the Second Law of thermodynamics is the concept that - in most energy transformations - a significant fraction of energy is lost to the universe as heat.
food web
Second Law of Thermodynamics
topsoil
arable
4. Organisms in the first stages of succession.
pioneer species
nuclear fusion
terracing
tree farms
5. The number of children a couple must have in order to replace themselves in a population.
kinetic energy
Hadley cell
building-related illness
replacement birth rate
6. The total sum of a species' use of the biotic and abiotic resources in its environment.
species
tailings
biosphere
niche
7. Pertaining to factors or things that are separate and independent from living things; nonliving.
abiotic
extinction
water-scarce
U.S. Noise Control Act
8. The industry or occupation devoted to the catching - processing - or selling of fish - shellfish - or other aquatic animals.
r-selected
Superfund Program
fishery
capture fisheries
9. Piles of gangue - which is the waste material that results from mining.
greenhouse effect
slash-and-burn
estuary
tailings
10. The movement of individuals into a population.
replacement birth rate
Immigration
acid precipitation
habitat fragmentation
11. Organisms that consume primary consumers.
edge effect
Gross Primary Productivity
secondary consumers
industrial smog (gray smog)
12. A hydrocarbon that forms as sediments are buried and pressurized.
non-point source pollution
chronic effect
wastewater
petroleum
13. The outermost shell of the atmosphere - between the mesosphere and outer space - where temperatures increase steadily with altitude.
mantle
Coriolis effect
threshold dose
thermosphere
14. A basic substance; chemically - a substance that absorbs hydrogen ions or releases hydroxyl ions; in reference to natural water - a measure of the base content of the water.
topsoil
alkaline
climax community
acute effect
15. Refers to resources - such as plants and animals - which can be regenerated if harvested at sustainable yields.
consumer
renewable resources
risk management
respiration
16. A high-speed - meandering wind current - generally moving from a westerly direction at speeds often exceeding 400 km (250 miles) per hour at altitudes of 15 to 25 km (10 to 15 miles).
heat islands
risk assessment
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
jet stream
17. The place where two plates abut each other.
tropospheric ozone
fault
deep well injection
food web
18. Any process that breaks rock down into smaller pieces without changing the chemistry of the rock; typically wind and water.
greenbelt
physical (mechanical) weathering
erosion
shelter-wood cutting
19. When each family in a community grows crops for themselves and rely on animal and human labor to plant and harvest crops.
riparian right
assimilation
silviculture
traditional subsistence agriculture
20. The act or process of transpiring - or releasing water vapor - especially through the stomata of plant tissue or the pores of the skin.
transpiration
nuclear fusion
physical (mechanical) weathering
ecological succession
21. A complex of interrelated food chains in an ecological community.
Second Law of Thermodynamics
assimilation
food web
r-selected
22. Occurs when infection causes a change in the state of health.
malnutrition
Infection
disease
salinization
23. The point at which 50 percent of the test organisms die from a toxin.
LD50
toxin
combustion
deep well injection
24. The development and introduction of new varieties of (mainly) wheat and rice that has increased yields per acre dramatically in countries since the 1960s.
Uneven-aged management
Green Revolution
silviculture
LD50
25. The broad category under which selective cutting and shelter-wood cutting fall; selective deforestation.
crude oil
tropical storm
Uneven-aged management
slash-and-burn
26. The part of the mantle that lies just below the lithosphere.
primary consumers
omnivores
C layer
asthenosphere
27. Change in the genetic composition of a population during successive generations as a result of natural selection acting on the genetic variation among individuals and resulting in the development of new species.
toxin
evaporation
evolution
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
28. The solids that remain after the secondary treatment of sewage.
consumption
sludge
non-point source pollution
acid
29. The movement of individuals out of a population.
jet stream
emigration
deep well injection
greenhouse effect
30. The value of natural resources.
abiotic
ecosystem capital
risk assessment
tropospheric ozone
31. Any substance that has an LD50 - of 50 mg or less per kg of body weight.
subduction zone
Southern Oscillation
poison
silviculture
32. A region of the ocean near the equator - characterized by calms - light winds - or squalls.
competitive exclusion
topsoil
secondary pollutants
doldrums
33. The process in which soil bacteria convert ammonium (NH4+) to a form that can be used by plants; nitrate - or NO3.
nitrification
Uneven-aged management
acid precipitation
tropical storm
34. The point at which 50 percent of the test organisms show a negative effect from a toxin.
ED50
rain shadow
lignite
drip irrigation
35. The maximum population size that can be supported by the available resources in a region.
abiotic
carrying capacity
convection currents
sand
36. The gaseous mass or envelope surrounding a celestial body - especially the one surrounding the Earth - which is retained by the celestial body's gravitational field.
atmosphere
A layer
point source pollution
proven reserve
37. A soil horizon; B receives the minerals and organic materials that are leached out of the A horizon.
renewable resources
convection
B layer
proven reserve
38. An area in which a particular mineral is concentrated - mining -the excavation of the Earth for the purpose of extracting ore or minerals.
mineral deposit
First Law of Thermodynamics
alkaline
niche
39. The removal of trees for agricultural purposes or purposes of exportation.
respiration
greenbelt
sludge processor
deforestation
40. The process by which the concentration of toxic substances increases in each successive link in the food chain.
biomagnifications
realized niche
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
species
41. Biotic and abiotic natural ecosystems.
contour farming
producer
ecological succession
natural resources
42. The observed effect of the Coriolis force - especially the deflection of an object moving above the Earth - rightward in the Northern Hemisphere - and leftward in the Southern Hemisphere.
deep well injection
physical treatmen
Coriolis effect
Immigration
43. Sunlight.
fossil fuel
radiant energy
Gross Primary Productivity
tree farms
44. The process in which soil becomes saltier and saltier until - finally - the salt prevents the growth of plants. Salinization is caused by irrigation because salts brought in with the water remain in the soil as water evaporates.
deforestation
biomagnifications
biotic
salinization
45. The edges of tectonic plates.
plate boundaries
green tax
competitive exclusion
mutualism
46. The maintenance of a species or ecosystem in order to ensure their perpetuation - with no concern as to their potential monetary value
albedo
long lining
preservation
niche
47. Organisms that reproduce later in life - produce fewer offspring - and devote significant time and energy to the nurturing of their offspring.
tree farms
atmosphere
B layer
k-selected
48. A program funded by the federal government and a trust that's funded by taxes on chemicals; identifies pollutants and cleans up hazardous waste sites.
surface fires
Superfund Program
old growth forest
long lining
49. The process in green plants and certain other organisms by which carbohydrates are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water using light as an energy source. Most forms of photosynthesis release oxygen as a byproduct.
crop rotation
traditional subsistence agriculture
B layer
photosynthesis
50. The cultivation of a single crop on a farm or in a region or country; a single - homogeneous culture without diversity or dissension.
ozone holes
keystone species
chemical weathering
monoculture