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AP Environmental Science

Subjects : science, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An area in which a particular mineral is concentrated - mining -the excavation of the Earth for the purpose of extracting ore or minerals.






2. A method of supplying irrigation water through tubes that literally drip water onto the soil at the base of each plant.






3. An organism that cannot synthesize its own food and is dependent on complex organic substances for nutrition.






4. The process that occurs when two different species in a region compete and the better adapted species wins.






5. The maximum population size that can be supported by the available resources in a region.






6. Formed from populations of different species occupying the same geographic area.






7. Organisms that reproduce later in life - produce fewer offspring - and devote significant time and energy to the nurturing of their offspring.






8. The water from which a river rises; a source.






9. The structure obtained if we organize the amount of energy contained in producers and consumers in an ecosystem by kilocalories per square meter - from largest to smallest.






10. The point at which 50 percent of the test organisms show a negative effect from a toxin.






11. The solids that remain after the secondary treatment of sewage.






12. The result of vibrations (often due to plate movements) deep in the Earth that release energy. They often occur as two plates slide past one another at a transform boundary.






13. A program funded by the federal government and a trust that's funded by taxes on chemicals; identifies pollutants and cleans up hazardous waste sites.






14. The A layer of soil is often referred to as topsoil and is most important for plant growth.






15. A layer in a large body of water - such as a lake - that sharply separates regions differing in temperature - so that the temperature gradient across the layer is abrupt.






16. An intensification of the Greenhouse Effect due to the increased presence of heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere.






17. The maintenance of a species or ecosystem in order to ensure their perpetuation - with no concern as to their potential monetary value






18. Poor nutrition that results from an insufficient or poorly balanced diet.






19. This category includes organisms that consume producers (plants and algae).






20. Land that's fit to be cultivated.






21. The conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into compounds - such as ammonia - by natural agencies or various industrial processes.






22. When companies are allowed to buy permits that allow them a certain amount of discharge of substances into certain environmental outlets. If they can reduce their amount of discharge - they are allowed to sell the remaining portion of their permit to






23. The cultivation of a single crop on a farm or in a region or country; a single - homogeneous culture without diversity or dissension.






24. The condition in which - at ecosystem boundaries - there is greater species diversity and biological density than there is in the heart of ecological communities.






25. When trees and crops are planted together - creating a mutualistic symbiotic relationship between them.






26. The management or regulation of a resource so that its use does not exceed the capacity of the resource to regenerate itself.






27. A bloom of dinoflagellates that causes reddish discoloration of coastal ocean waters. Certain dinoflagellates of the genus Gonyamfox produce toxins that kill fish and contaminate shellfish.






28. A semiconductor device that converts the energy of sunlight into electric energy.






29. Says that the entropy (disorder) of the universe is increasing. One corollary of the Second Law of thermodynamics is the concept that - in most energy transformations - a significant fraction of energy is lost to the universe as heat.






30. Also known as plantations - these are planted and managed tracts of trees of the same age that are harvested for commercial use.






31. When an area of vegetation is cut down and burned before being planted with crops.






32. Any noise that causes stress or has the potential to damage human health.






33. A usually triangular alluvial deposit at the mouth of a river.






34. Fish farming in which fish are caught in the wild and not raised in captivity for consumption.






35. Sunlight.






36. Energy at rest - or stored energy.






37. The process in which soil becomes saltier and saltier until - finally - the salt prevents the growth of plants. Salinization is caused by irrigation because salts brought in with the water remain in the soil as water evaporates.






38. Each of the feeding levels in a food chain.






39. An erosion-resistant marine ridge or mound consisting chiefly of compacted coral together with algal material and biochemically deposited magnesium and calcium carbonates.






40. An organism that is capable of converting radiant energy or chemical energy into carbohydrates.






41. An opening in the Earth's crust through which molten lava - ash - and gases are ejected.






42. The use of devices - such as solar panels - to collect - focus - transport - or store solar energy.






43. The least pure coal.






44. A basic substance; chemically - a substance that absorbs hydrogen ions or releases hydroxyl ions; in reference to natural water - a measure of the base content of the water.






45. The gradual breakdown of rock into smaller and smaller particles - caused by natural chemical - physical - and biological factors.






46. A process in which cold - often nutrient-rich - waters from the ocean depths rise to the surface.






47. Smog resulting from emissions from industry and other sources of gases produced by the burning of fossil fuels - especially coal.






48. The random fluctuations in the frequency of the appearance of a gene in a small isolated population - presumably owing to chance - rather than natural selection.






49. An influential theory that concerns the long-term rate of conventional oil (and other fossil fuel) extraction and depletion. It predicts that future world oil production will soon reach a peak and then rapidly decline.






50. When the majority of a building's occupants experience certain symptoms that vary with the amount of time spent in the building.







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