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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The carrier organism through which pathogens can attack.
vector
radiant energy
prior appropriation
biotic potential
2. The use of building materials - building placement - and design to passively collect solar energy that can be used to keep a building warm or cool.
second growth forests
primary consumers
invasive species
passive solar energy collection
3. An estimate of the amount of fossil fuel that can be obtained from reserve.
proven reserve
deep well injection
indigenous species
mutualism
4. The dark - crumbly - nutrient-rich material that results from the decomposition of organic material.
pioneer species
barrier island
humus
LD50
5. Any process that breaks rock down into smaller pieces without changing the chemistry of the rock; typically wind and water.
physical (mechanical) weathering
convergent boundary
population
secondary consumers
6. The amount of sugar that the plants produce in photosynthesis and subtracting from it the amount of energy the plants need for growth maintenance - repair - and reproduction.
predation
community
Gross Primary Productivity
inner core
7. Soil with particles 0.002 -0.05 mm in diameter.
age-structure pyramids
silt
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
crop rotation
8. Involves the sinking of shafts to reach underground deposits. In this type of mining - networks of tunnels are dug or blasted and humans enter these tunnels in order to manually retrieve the coal.
abiotic
underground mining
Gross Primary Productivity
replacement birth rate
9. The condition in which - at ecosystem boundaries - there is greater species diversity and biological density than there is in the heart of ecological communities.
acid
coral reef
edge effect
law of conservation of matter
10. When companies are allowed to buy permits that allow them a certain amount of discharge of substances into certain environmental outlets. If they can reduce their amount of discharge - they are allowed to sell the remaining portion of their permit to
consumption
low-level radioactive waste
old growth forest
market permits
11. Acid rain - acid hail - acid snow; all of which occur as a result of pollution in the atmosphere.
R horizon
acid precipitation
replacement birth rate
ecosystem capital
12. When ecological succession begins in a virtually lifeless area - such as the area behind a moving glacier.
realized niche
invasive species
malnutrition
primary succession
13. Living or derived from living things.
biotic
omnivores
agroforestry
ecological succession
14. The maximum population size that can be supported by the available resources in a region.
biotic
disease
carrying capacity
primary treatment
15. The low-rainfall region that exists on the leeward (downwind) side of a mountain range. This rain shadow is the result of the mountain range's causing precipitation on the windward side.
fault
high-level radioactive waste
rain shadow
slash-and-burn
16. The number of live births per 1 -000 members of the population in a year.
risk assessment
age-structure pyramids
passive solar energy collection
birth rate (crude birth rate)
17. Says that the entropy (disorder) of the universe is increasing. One corollary of the Second Law of thermodynamics is the concept that - in most energy transformations - a significant fraction of energy is lost to the universe as heat.
volcanoes
Second Law of Thermodynamics
pathogens
stationary sources
18. The result of graphing a dose-response analysis.
dose-response analysis
dose-response curve
wetlands
no-till
19. The rocks and Earth that is removed when mining for a commercially valuable mineral resource.
ozone holes
overburden
biotic potential
weathering
20. Sunlight.
weather
radiant energy
denitrification
proven reserve
21. The amount that the population would grow if there were unlimited resources in its environment.
symbiotic relationships
nitrification
biotic potential
anthracite
22. The outermost shell of the atmosphere - between the mesosphere and outer space - where temperatures increase steadily with altitude.
greenhouse effect
thermosphere
monoculture
loamy
23. The finest soil - made up of particles that are less than 0.002 mm in diameter.
loamy
parasitism
coral reef
clay
24. The more or less constant winds blowing in horizontal directions over the Earth's surface - as part of Hadley cells.
heat islands
trade winds
risk management
greenhouse effect
25. The result of vibrations (often due to plate movements) deep in the Earth that release energy. They often occur as two plates slide past one another at a transform boundary.
fault
earthquake
plate boundaries
drip irrigation
26. Is equal to the number of deaths per 1 -000 members of the population in a year.
death rate (crude death rate)
thermocline
solid waste
chemical weathering
27. When physically treated sewage water is passed into a settling tank - where suspended solids settle out as sludge; chemically treated polymers may be added to help the suspended solids separate and settle out.
primary treatment
C layer
Uneven-aged management
pathogens
28. The process of soil particles being carried away by wind or water. Erosion moves the smaller particles first and hence degrades the soil to a coarser - sandier - stonier texture.
scrubbers
topsoil
erosion
decomposer
29. Organisms that are capable of interbreeding with one another and incapable of breeding with other species.
El Nino
species
barrels
water-scarce
30. A process in which cold - often nutrient-rich - waters from the ocean depths rise to the surface.
capture fisheries
death rate (crude death rate)
active collection
upwelling
31. The fraction of solar energy that is reflected back into space.
no-till
albedo
erosion
O layer
32. The coarsest soil - with particles 0.05 -2.0 mm in diameter.
Immigration
risk management
passive solar energy collection
sand
33. Fires that typically burn only the forest's underbrush and do little damage to mature trees. Surface fires actually serve to protect the forest from more harmful fires by removing underbrush and dead materials that would burn quickly and at high temp
surface fires
sludge
primary consumers
land degradation
34. In a sewage treatment plant - the initial filtration that is done to remove debris such as stones - sticks - rags - toys - and other objects that were flushed down the toilet.
physical treatmen
Coriolis effect
emigration
r-selected
35. This category includes organisms that consume producers (plants and algae).
scrubbers
parasitism
primary consumers
tropospheric ozone
36. A group of organisms of the same species that live in the same area.
population
no-till
wind farm
subduction zone
37. A system of vertical and horizontal air circulation predominating in tropical and subtropical regions and creating major weather patterns.
dose-response analysis
Hadley cell
threshold dose
physical treatmen
38. Species that originate and live - or occur naturally - in an area or environment.
indigenous species
mineral deposit
prior appropriation
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
39. The part of the Earth and its atmosphere in which living organisms exist or that is capable of supporting life.
earthquake
weathering
energy
biosphere
40. The raising of fish and other aquatic species in captivity for harvest.
parasitism
logistic population growth
energy
Aquaculture
41. Gave the EPA power to set emission standards for major sources of noise - including transportation - machinery - and construction.
U.S. Noise Control Act
crude oil
tree farms
B layer
42. The movement of individuals into a population.
traditional subsistence agriculture
stationary sources
fly ash
Immigration
43. Graphical representations of populations' ages.
surface fires
age-structure pyramids
albedo
C layer
44. The bedrock - which lies below all of the other layers of soil - is referred to as the R horizon.
evaporation
R horizon
mantle
death rate (crude death rate)
45. A symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit.
lignite
mutualism
albedo
emigration
46. Urban areas that heat up more quickly and retain heat more than do nonurban areas.
tailings
watershed
indigenous species
heat islands
47. A soil horizon; the layer below the O layer is called the A layer. The A layer is formed of weathered rock - with some organic material; often referred to as topsoil.
contour farming
law of conservation of matter
convection currents
A layer
48. When the signs and symptoms of an illness can be attributed to a specific infectious organism that resides in the building.
Headwaters
fossil fuel
sludge processor
building-related illness
49. The capacity to do work.
energy
C layer
anthracite
biomagnifications
50. The region draining into river system or other body of water.
C layer
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
leachate
watershed