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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Says that the entropy (disorder) of the universe is increasing. One corollary of the Second Law of thermodynamics is the concept that - in most energy transformations - a significant fraction of energy is lost to the universe as heat.
conservation
k-selected
Second Law of Thermodynamics
consumer
2. The process by which - according to Darwin's theory of evolution - only the organisms best adapted to their environment tend to survive and transmit their genetic characteristics in increasing numbers to succeeding generations - while those less adap
producer
upwelling
autotroph
natural selection
3. Air currents caused by the vertical movement of air due to atmospheric heating and cooling.
food web
nuclear fusion
convection currents
Aquaculture
4. A complex of interrelated food chains in an ecological community.
food web
competitive exclusion
fossil fuel
agroforestry
5. Urban areas that heat up more quickly and retain heat more than do nonurban areas.
death rate (crude death rate)
Aquaculture
heat islands
competitive exclusion
6. An estimate of the amount of fossil fuel that can be obtained from reserve.
convection currents
Uneven-aged management
proven reserve
silt
7. The rocks and Earth that is removed when mining for a commercially valuable mineral resource.
Superfund Program
surface fires
overburden
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program
8. The water from which a river rises; a source.
leachate
Headwaters
La Nina
logistic population growth
9. A nuclear reaction in which an atomic nucleus - especially a heavy nucleus such as an isotope of uranium - splits into fragments - usually two fragments of comparable mass - releasing from 100 million to several hundred million electron volts of ener
point source pollution
mineral deposit
nitrification
fission
10. A layer of soil.
Uneven-aged management
Horizon
proven reserve
malnutrition
11. A tank filled with aerobic bacteria that's used to treat sewage.
radiant energy
decomposer
sludge processor
Headwaters
12. A system of vertical and horizontal air circulation predominating in tropical and subtropical regions and creating major weather patterns.
agroforestry
renewable resources
barrels
Hadley cell
13. Species that originate and live - or occur naturally - in an area or environment.
Immigration
hazardous waste
indigenous species
A layer
14. The right - as to fishing or to the use of a riverbed - of one who owns riparian land (the land adjacent to a river or stream).
community
dose-response curve
riparian right
estuary
15. Change in the genetic composition of a population during successive generations as a result of natural selection acting on the genetic variation among individuals and resulting in the development of new species.
evolution
proven reserve
Gross Primary Productivity
toxin
16. When materials - such as plastic or aluminum - are used to rebuild the same product. An example of this is the use of the aluminum from aluminum cans to produce more aluminum cans.
closed-loop recycling
traditional subsistence agriculture
driftnets
risk assessment
17. The removal of trees for agricultural purposes or purposes of exportation.
realized niche
tertiary consumers
deforestation
vector
18. Any noise that causes stress or has the potential to damage human health.
petroleum
noise pollution
silt
acute effect
19. The movement of individuals out of a population.
conservation
fishery
emigration
fly ash
20. To convert or change into a vapor.
evaporation
primary pollutants
terracing
mineral deposit
21. Organisms that consume both producers and primary consumers.
doldrums
Green Revolution
emigration
omnivores
22. When the energy released from waste incineration is used to generate electricity.
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
stationary sources
Green Revolution
23. A bloom of dinoflagellates that causes reddish discoloration of coastal ocean waters. Certain dinoflagellates of the genus Gonyamfox produce toxins that kill fish and contaminate shellfish.
red tide
lignite
Southern Oscillation
greenhouse effect
24. Land that's fit to be cultivated.
logistic population growth
greenhouse effect
indigenous species
arable
25. A hydrocarbon deposit - such as petroleum - coal - or natural gas - derived from living matter of a previous geologic time and used for fuel.
genetic drift
photosynthesis
fossil fuel
crude oil
26. The dark - crumbly - nutrient-rich material that results from the decomposition of organic material.
leachate
replacement birth rate
tropospheric ozone
humus
27. A plate boundary at which plates are moving away from each other. This causes an upwelling of magma from the mantle to cool and form new crust.
divergent boundary
niche
El Nino
symbiotic relationships
28. Organisms that are capable of interbreeding with one another and incapable of breeding with other species.
species
C layer
invasive species
hazardous waste
29. The use of building materials - building placement - and design to passively collect solar energy that can be used to keep a building warm or cool.
passive solar energy collection
inner core
overgrazed
ecological footprint
30. A specific location from which pollution is released; an example of a point source location is a factory where wood is being burned.
dose-response analysis
building-related illness
point source pollution
food web
31. The process in which soil bacteria convert ammonium (NH4+) to a form that can be used by plants; nitrate - or NO3.
divergent boundary
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
contour farming
nitrification
32. A usually triangular alluvial deposit at the mouth of a river.
producer
loamy
indigenous species
delta
33. The gaseous mass or envelope surrounding a celestial body - especially the one surrounding the Earth - which is retained by the celestial body's gravitational field.
atmosphere
nitrogen fixation
overburden
jet stream
34. Ozone that exists in the trophosphere.
tropospheric ozone
A layer
by-catch
threshold dose
35. The process that occurs when two different species in a region compete and the better adapted species wins.
competitive exclusion
jet stream
secondary consumers
prior appropriation
36. Organisms that reproduce later in life - produce fewer offspring - and devote significant time and energy to the nurturing of their offspring.
k-selected
crop rotation
convection currents
toxicity
37. The coarsest soil - with particles 0.05 -2.0 mm in diameter.
jet stream
sand
fission
weathering
38. Also known as plantations - these are planted and managed tracts of trees of the same age that are harvested for commercial use.
trade winds
tree farms
biotic
greenhouse effect
39. The process by which specialized bacteria (mostly anaerobic bacteria) convert ammonia to NOy NO2 - and N2 and release it back to the atmosphere.
crude oil
denitrification
doldrums
lignite
40. A group of modern windmills.
wind farm
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
secondary pollutants
El Nino
41. The cleanest-burning coal; almost pure carbon.
anthracite
physical (mechanical) weathering
competitive exclusion
Immigration
42. The edges of tectonic plates.
plate boundaries
crude oil
photochemical smog
k-selected
43. The movement of individuals into a population.
upwelling
Immigration
weathering
by-catch
44. An influential theory that concerns the long-term rate of conventional oil (and other fossil fuel) extraction and depletion. It predicts that future world oil production will soon reach a peak and then rapidly decline.
salinization
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
doldrums
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program
45. A species whose very presence contributes to an ecosystem's diversity and whose extinction would consequently lead to the extinction of other forms of life.
hazardous waste
R horizon
keystone species
driftnets
46. An animal that only consumes other animals.
carnivore
subbituminous
point source pollution
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program
47. Pollutants that are formed by the combination of primary pollutants in the atmosphere.
Hadley cell
C layer
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program
secondary pollutants
48. The A layer of soil is often referred to as topsoil and is most important for plant growth.
high-level radioactive waste
A layer
topsoil
doldrums
49. The point at which 50 percent of the test organisms die from a toxin.
evolution
trophic level
LD50
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program
50. A region of the ocean near the equator - characterized by calms - light winds - or squalls.
leachate
primary pollutants
secondary treatment
doldrums