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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
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Subjects
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science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An influential theory that concerns the long - term rate of conventional oil (and other fossil fuel) extraction and depletion. It predicts that future world oil production will soon reach a peak and then rapidly decline.
green tax
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
hydroelectric power
k-selected
2. When each family in a community grows crops for themselves and rely on animal and human labor to plant and harvest crops.
traditional subsistence agriculture
Uneven-aged management
Headwaters
terracing
3. Organisms that consume primary consumers.
niche
non-point source pollution
extinction
secondary consumers
4. The more or less constant winds blowing in horizontal directions over the Earth's surface - as part of Hadley cells.
convection
trade winds
ecological succession
conservation
5. A group of organisms of the same species that live in the same area.
niche
lithosphere
population
second growth forests
6. Any weathering that's caused by the activities of living organisms.
biological weathering
agroforestry
ED50
Second Law of Thermodynamics
7. A waste product produced by the burning of coal.
drip irrigation
consumption
tertiary consumers
fly ash
8. The bedrock - which lies below all of the other layers of soil - is referred to as the R horizon.
chemical weathering
R horizon
asthenosphere
potential energy
9. Refers to resources - such as plants and animals - which can be regenerated if harvested at sustainable yields.
carrying capacity
decomposer
tertiary consumers
renewable resources
10. A usually triangular alluvial deposit at the mouth of a river.
delta
tree farms
wetlands
tertiary consumers
11. Energy at rest - or stored energy.
potential energy
autotroph
replacement birth rate
crop rotation
12. Soil with particles 0.002 -0.05 mm in diameter.
birth rate (crude birth rate)
silt
thermocline
reservoir
13. States that matter can neither be created nor destroyed.
old growth forest
consumption
slash-and-burn
law of conservation of matter
14. Any substance that has an LD50 - of 50 mg or less per kg of body weight.
fly ash
poison
sludge
stationary sources
15. Acid rain - acid hail - acid snow; all of which occur as a result of pollution in the atmosphere.
acid precipitation
nuclear fusion
photochemical smog
underground mining
16. Drilling a hole in the ground that's below the water table to hold waste.
composting
decomposer
deep well injection
death rate (crude death rate)
17. Occurs when infection causes a change in the state of health.
decomposer
consumer
prior appropriation
disease
18. When materials - such as plastic or aluminum - are used to rebuild the same product. An example of this is the use of the aluminum from aluminum cans to produce more aluminum cans.
closed-loop recycling
underground mining
leachate
silviculture
19. The low-rainfall region that exists on the leeward (downwind) side of a mountain range. This rain shadow is the result of the mountain range's causing precipitation on the windward side.
rain shadow
composting
Half-life
fly ash
20. Involves the sinking of shafts to reach underground deposits. In this type of mining - networks of tunnels are dug or blasted and humans enter these tunnels in order to manually retrieve the coal.
ecosystem capital
underground mining
water-scarce
long lining
21. Refers to when farmers plant seeds without using a plow to turn the soil.
sludge
assimilation
monoculture
no-till
22. A basic substance; chemically - a substance that absorbs hydrogen ions or releases hydroxyl ions; in reference to natural water - a measure of the base content of the water.
pathogens
active collection
alkaline
trade winds
23. The biological treatment of wastewater in order to continue to remove biodegradable waste.
fission
gray smog (industrial smog)
rain shadow
secondary treatment
24. When the majority of a building's occupants experience certain symptoms that vary with the amount of time spent in the building.
natural selection
respiration
Gross Primary Productivity
sick building syndrome
25. The industry or occupation devoted to the catching - processing - or selling of fish - shellfish - or other aquatic animals.
fishery
Southern Oscillation
bioaccumulation
thermocline
26. Any process that breaks rock down into smaller pieces without changing the chemistry of the rock; typically wind and water.
strip mining
wetlands
physical (mechanical) weathering
vector
27. The amount of time it takes for half of a radioactive sample to disappear.
inner core
Half-life
R horizon
noise pollution
28. The rocks and Earth that is removed when mining for a commercially valuable mineral resource.
topsoil
food web
deforestation
overburden
29. The maintenance of a species or ecosystem in order to ensure their perpetuation - with no concern as to their potential monetary value
nitrogen fixation
transpiration
risk management
preservation
30. A symbiotic relationship in which one member is helped by the association and the other is harmed.
parasitism
solid waste
ecosystem capital
biomagnifications
31. The practice of alternating the crops grown on a piece of land - for example - corn one year - legumes for two years - and then back to corn.
primary consumers
pathogens
La Nina
crop rotation
32. When the size of an organism's natural habitat is reduced - or when development occurs that isolates a habitat.
surface fires
habitat fragmentation
barrier island
earthquake
33. An animal that only consumes other animals.
C layer
carnivore
greenhouse effect
Coriolis effect
34. A hydrocarbon deposit - such as petroleum - coal - or natural gas - derived from living matter of a previous geologic time and used for fuel.
fossil fuel
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
species
subduction zone
35. The removal of select trees in an area; this leaves the majority of the habitat in place and has less of an impact on the ecosystem.
natural resources
death rate (crude death rate)
selective cutting
pioneer species
36. Transition in species composition of a biological community - often following ecological disturbance of the community; the establishment of a biological community in any area virtually barren of life.
ecological succession
barrels
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
habitat fragmentation
37. An underground layer of porous rock - sand - or other material that allows the movement of water between layers of nonporous rock or clay. Aquifers are frequently tapped for wells.
aquifer
clay
leachate
poison
38. A process in which an organism is exposed to a toxin at different concentrations - and the dosage that causes the death of the organism is recorded.
sand
dose-response analysis
extinction
symbiotic relationships
39. A place where a large quantity of a resource sits for a long period of time.
reservoir
Superfund Program
petroleum
passive solar energy collection
40. The water from which a river rises; a source.
secondary consumers
U.S. Noise Control Act
consumption
Headwaters
41. When mature trees are cut over a period of time (usually10 -20 years); this leaves mature trees - which can reseed the forest - in place.
conservation
shelter-wood cutting
energy
predation
42. Involves the removal of the Earth's surface all the way down to the level of the mineral seam.
carrying capacity
secondary treatment
strip mining
acid
43. Soil composed of a mixture of sand - clay - silt - and organic matter.
loamy
bituminous
disease
barrier island
44. The result of chemical interaction with the bedrock that is typical of the action of both water and atmospheric gases.
no-till
chemical weathering
O layer
secondary consumers
45. The process in which soil becomes saltier and saltier until - finally - the salt prevents the growth of plants. Salinization is caused by irrigation because salts brought in with the water remain in the soil as water evaporates.
salinization
strip mining
nitrogen fixation
renewable resources
46. The outermost shell of the atmosphere - between the mesosphere and outer space - where temperatures increase steadily with altitude.
thermosphere
dose-response analysis
doldrums
aquifer
47. Smog resulting from emissions from industry and other sources of gases produced by the burning of fossil fuels - especially coal.
gray smog (industrial smog)
Aquaculture
ecosystem capital
overburden
48. Each of the feeding levels in a food chain.
trophic level
potential energy
ecological succession
upwelling
49. Smog resulting from emissions from industry and other sources of gases produced by the burning of fossil fuels.
disease
industrial smog (gray smog)
plate boundaries
evolution
50. When grass is consumed by animals at a faster rate than it can regrow.
topsoil
net Primary Productivity (NPP)
habitat fragmentation
overgrazed
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