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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A succession of organisms in an ecological community that constitutes a continuation of food energy from one organism to another as each consumes a lower member and - in turn - is preyed upon by a higher member.
trade winds
La Nina
food chain
Hadley cell
2. The process that occurs when two different species in a region compete and the better adapted species wins.
primary treatment
omnivores
competitive exclusion
estuary
3. The amount of sugar that the plants produce in photosynthesis and subtracting from it the amount of energy the plants need for growth maintenance - repair - and reproduction.
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
traditional subsistence agriculture
ecosystem capital
Gross Primary Productivity
4. The result of graphing a dose-response analysis.
omnivores
dose-response curve
high-level radioactive waste
habitat fragmentation
5. Also known as transform faults - boundaries at which plates are moving past each other - sideways.
fault
active collection
First Law of Thermodynamics
transform boundary
6. A nuclear reaction in which an atomic nucleus - especially a heavy nucleus such as an isotope of uranium - splits into fragments - usually two fragments of comparable mass - releasing from 100 million to several hundred million electron volts of ener
fission
estuary
second growth forests
carrying capacity
7. The amount that the population would grow if there were unlimited resources in its environment.
biotic potential
extinction
natural selection
autotroph
8. The raising of fish and other aquatic species in captivity for harvest.
sludge
surface fires
Aquaculture
proven reserve
9. Can consist of hazardous waste - industrial solid waste - or municipal waste. Many types of solid waste provide a threat to human health and the environment.
barrier island
abiotic
solid waste
Gross Primary Productivity
10. Radioactive wastes that produce high levels of ionizing radiation.
dose-response curve
high-level radioactive waste
population
energy
11. The process of burning.
coral reef
poison
denitrification
combustion
12. When mature trees are cut over a period of time (usually10 -20 years); this leaves mature trees - which can reseed the forest - in place.
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
weather
salinization
shelter-wood cutting
13. Says that the entropy (disorder) of the universe is increasing. One corollary of the Second Law of thermodynamics is the concept that - in most energy transformations - a significant fraction of energy is lost to the universe as heat.
physical (mechanical) weathering
mineral deposit
Second Law of Thermodynamics
primary pollutants
14. When a species occupies a smaller niche than it would in the absence of competition.
greenhouse effect
disease
realized niche
sludge
15. A platinum - coated device that oxidizes most of the VOCs and some of the CO that would otherwise be emitted in exhaust - converting them to CO2.
C layer
secondary consumers
proven reserve
catalytic converter
16. The process by which - according to Darwin's theory of evolution - only the organisms best adapted to their environment tend to survive and transmit their genetic characteristics in increasing numbers to succeeding generations - while those less adap
Gross Primary Productivity
natural selection
consumer
high-level radioactive waste
17. Organisms that are capable of interbreeding with one another and incapable of breeding with other species.
silviculture
species
silt
alkaline
18. A program funded by the federal government and a trust that's funded by taxes on chemicals; identifies pollutants and cleans up hazardous waste sites.
weathering
Superfund Program
vector
photosynthesis
19. The solids that remain after the secondary treatment of sewage.
heat islands
sludge
barrels
slash-and-burn
20. The use of building materials - building placement - and design to passively collect solar energy that can be used to keep a building warm or cool.
biotic
toxicity
passive solar energy collection
shelter-wood cutting
21. The carrier organism through which pathogens can attack.
terracing
vector
asthenosphere
anthracite
22. A long - relatively narrow island running parallel to the mainland-built up by the action of waves and currents and serving to protect the coast from erosion by surf and tidal surges.
r-selected
primary succession
barrier island
consumer
23. When the size of an organism's natural habitat is reduced - or when development occurs that isolates a habitat.
habitat fragmentation
Half-life
greenhouse effect
no-till
24. An organism such as a bacterium or protozoan - that obtains its nourishment through the oxidation of inorganic chemical compounds - as opposed to photosynthesis.
abiotic
chemotroph (chemoautotroph)
overburden
hazardous waste
25. The second-purest form of coal.
biotic potential
trophic level
secondary treatment
bituminous
26. A cyclonic storm having winds ranging from approximately 48 to 121 km (30 to 75 miles) per hour.
trade winds
barrels
producer
tropical storm
27. A place where a large quantity of a resource sits for a long period of time.
reservoir
topsoil
chemotroph (chemoautotroph)
primary consumers
28. The gaseous mass or envelope surrounding a celestial body - especially the one surrounding the Earth - which is retained by the celestial body's gravitational field.
loamy
risk assessment
thermocline
atmosphere
29. The process of fusing two nuclei.
nuclear fusion
convergent boundary
extinction
terracing
30. Any weathering that's caused by the activities of living organisms.
mutualism
photosynthesis
biological weathering
Horizon
31. The number of children an average woman will bear during her lifetime; this information is based on an analysis of data from preceding years in the population in question.
food web
total fertility rate
genetic drift
hazardous waste
32. The process by which specialized bacteria (mostly anaerobic bacteria) convert ammonia to NOy NO2 - and N2 and release it back to the atmosphere.
tropical storm
acid
denitrification
nitrogen fixation
33. Radioactive wastes that produce low levels of ionizing radiation.
mantle
green tax
convergent boundary
low-level radioactive waste
34. The process of soil particles being carried away by wind or water. Erosion moves the smaller particles first and hence degrades the soil to a coarser - sandier - stonier texture.
erosion
U.S. Noise Control Act
tropical storm
First Law of Thermodynamics
35. A system of vertical and horizontal air circulation predominating in tropical and subtropical regions and creating major weather patterns.
replacement birth rate
law of conservation of matter
Hadley cell
photochemical smog
36. The observed effect of the Coriolis force - especially the deflection of an object moving above the Earth - rightward in the Northern Hemisphere - and leftward in the Southern Hemisphere.
erosion
secondary treatment
drip irrigation
Coriolis effect
37. Soil with particles 0.002 -0.05 mm in diameter.
conservation
proven reserve
nitrification
silt
38. The result of a pathogen invading a body.
Infection
humus
k-selected
preservation
39. A region of the ocean near the equator - characterized by calms - light winds - or squalls.
food web
decomposer
scrubbers
doldrums
40. The movement of individuals into a population.
Immigration
nitrification
ED50
pioneer species
41. The value of natural resources.
physical treatmen
nuclear fusion
ecosystem capital
trophic level
42. A group of organisms of the same species that live in the same area.
market permits
capture fisheries
population
climax community
43. The cultivation of a single crop on a farm or in a region or country; a single - homogeneous culture without diversity or dissension.
atmosphere
subduction zone
monoculture
hydroelectric power
44. When materials - such as plastic or aluminum - are used to rebuild the same product. An example of this is the use of the aluminum from aluminum cans to produce more aluminum cans.
sick building syndrome
secondary consumers
sludge
closed-loop recycling
45. Drilling a hole in the ground that's below the water table to hold waste.
riparian right
Coriolis effect
deep well injection
ecological succession
46. A cooling of the ocean surface off the western coast of South America - occurring periodically every 4 to 12 years and affecting Pacific and other weather patterns.
secondary treatment
La Nina
nuclear fusion
niche
47. The region draining into river system or other body of water.
watershed
nonrenewable resources
water-stressed
dose-response curve
48. The capacity to do work.
trade winds
hazardous waste
energy
heterotrophy
49. A high-speed - meandering wind current - generally moving from a westerly direction at speeds often exceeding 400 km (250 miles) per hour at altitudes of 15 to 25 km (10 to 15 miles).
jet stream
gray smog (industrial smog)
tree farms
R horizon
50. The thinning of the ozone layer over Antarctica (and to some extent - over the Arctic).
ozone holes
high-level radioactive waste
malnutrition
age-structure pyramids