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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When the size of an organism's natural habitat is reduced - or when development occurs that isolates a habitat.
industrial smog (gray smog)
A layer
habitat fragmentation
shelter-wood cutting
2. The right - as to fishing or to the use of a riverbed - of one who owns riparian land (the land adjacent to a river or stream).
prior appropriation
crude oil
riparian right
genetic drift
3. Air currents caused by the vertical movement of air due to atmospheric heating and cooling.
decomposer
convection currents
topsoil
loamy
4. A fishing technique in which the ocean floor is literally scraped by heavy nets that smash everything in their path.
drip irrigation
global warming
bottom trawling
heterotrophy
5. A species whose very presence contributes to an ecosystem's diversity and whose extinction would consequently lead to the extinction of other forms of life.
heterotrophy
Half-life
risk assessment
keystone species
6. The result of chemical interaction with the bedrock that is typical of the action of both water and atmospheric gases.
chemical weathering
vector
fission
competitive exclusion
7. A soil horizon; B receives the minerals and organic materials that are leached out of the A horizon.
B layer
active collection
k-selected
R horizon
8. Calculating risk - or the degree of likelihood that a person will become ill upon exposure to a toxin or pathogen.
risk assessment
fishery
population
second growth forests
9. Refers to when farmers plant seeds without using a plow to turn the soil.
wetlands
stationary sources
no-till
sand
10. The dark - crumbly - nutrient-rich material that results from the decomposition of organic material.
thermocline
humus
terracing
consumption
11. Also known as plantations - these are planted and managed tracts of trees of the same age that are harvested for commercial use.
heterotrophy
biosphere
tree farms
logistic population growth
12. The removal of select trees in an area; this leaves the majority of the habitat in place and has less of an impact on the ecosystem.
vector
Uneven-aged management
consumption
selective cutting
13. The process in which plants absorb ammonium (NH3) - ammonia ions (NH4+) - and nitrate ions (NO3) through their roots.
transpiration
jet stream
assimilation
food web
14. A soil horizon - horizon C is made up of larger pieces of rock that have not undergone much weathering.
asthenosphere
crude oil
tropical storm
C layer
15. Pertaining to factors or things that are separate and independent from living things; nonliving.
acid precipitation
O layer
fault
abiotic
16. Organisms that reproduce later in life - produce fewer offspring - and devote significant time and energy to the nurturing of their offspring.
k-selected
building-related illness
Second Law of Thermodynamics
arable
17. When ecological succession begins in a virtually lifeless area - such as the area behind a moving glacier.
monoculture
land degradation
albedo
primary succession
18. An area in which a particular mineral is concentrated - mining -the excavation of the Earth for the purpose of extracting ore or minerals.
kinetic energy
preservation
mineral deposit
risk management
19. A platinum - coated device that oxidizes most of the VOCs and some of the CO that would otherwise be emitted in exhaust - converting them to CO2.
drip irrigation
silt
photosynthesis
catalytic converter
20. The process of soil particles being carried away by wind or water. Erosion moves the smaller particles first and hence degrades the soil to a coarser - sandier - stonier texture.
erosion
sludge processor
trophic level
overburden
21. A program funded by the federal government and a trust that's funded by taxes on chemicals; identifies pollutants and cleans up hazardous waste sites.
age-structure pyramids
Superfund Program
leachate
primary consumers
22. The capacity to do work.
energy
energy pyramid
omnivores
land degradation
23. Any noise that causes stress or has the potential to damage human health.
fault
closed-loop recycling
noise pollution
by-catch
24. The process in which animals (and plants!) breathe and give off carbon dioxide from cellular metabolism.
by-catch
respiration
water-stressed
energy pyramid
25. The area or environment where an organism or ecological community normally lives or occurs.
biosphere
net Primary Productivity (NPP)
habitat
proven reserve
26. Fires that typically burn only the forest's underbrush and do little damage to mature trees. Surface fires actually serve to protect the forest from more harmful fires by removing underbrush and dead materials that would burn quickly and at high temp
land degradation
genetic drift
Uneven-aged management
surface fires
27. An opening in the Earth's crust through which molten lava - ash - and gases are ejected.
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
wetlands
Uneven-aged management
volcanoes
28. Any substance that has an LD50 - of 50 mg or less per kg of body weight.
no-till
poison
ecological footprint
fission
29. A layer in a large body of water - such as a lake - that sharply separates regions differing in temperature - so that the temperature gradient across the layer is abrupt.
nonrenewable resources
decomposer
chemotroph (chemoautotroph)
thermocline
30. Each of the feeding levels in a food chain.
doldrums
crop rotation
trophic level
El Nino
31. Close - prolonged associations between two or more different organisms of different species that may - but do not necessarily benefit the members.
sludge
symbiotic relationships
greenhouse effect
nuclear fusion
32. Any other species of fish - mammals - or birds that are caught that are not the target organism.
earthquake
toxicity
nuclear fusion
by-catch
33. Devices containing alkaline substances that precipitate out much of the sulfur dioxide from industrial plants.
surface fires
Hadley cell
primary consumers
scrubbers
34. Gave the EPA power to set emission standards for major sources of noise - including transportation - machinery - and construction.
secondary pollutants
U.S. Noise Control Act
monoculture
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
35. The gradual breakdown of rock into smaller and smaller particles - caused by natural chemical - physical - and biological factors.
weathering
Green Revolution
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
B layer
36. The least pure coal.
secondary treatment
Infection
fission
lignite
37. The third purest form of coal.
barrels
subbituminous
secondary consumers
building-related illness
38. The liquid that percolates to the bottom of a landfill.
energy
leachate
ED50
atmosphere
39. The form petroleum takes when in the ground.
evolution
habitat fragmentation
O layer
crude oil
40. Any weathering that's caused by the activities of living organisms.
natural resources
primary treatment
vector
biological weathering
41. The carrier organism through which pathogens can attack.
A layer
fishery
vector
niche
42. The outer part of the Earth - consisting of the crust and upper mantle - approximately 100 km (62 miles) thick.
crude oil
decomposer
lithosphere
weather
43. The finest soil - made up of particles that are less than 0.002 mm in diameter.
pioneer species
trade winds
clay
subduction zone
44. The uppermost horizon of soil. It is primarily made up of organic material - including waste from organisms - the bodies of decomposing organisms - and live organisms.
green tax
O layer
biotic
catalytic converter
45. The energy of motion.
physical treatmen
alkaline
kinetic energy
ED50
46. Using strategies to reduce the amount of risk (the degree of likelihood that a person will become ill upon exposure to a toxin or pathogen).
risk management
physical treatmen
Hadley cell
clay
47. Areas where cutting has occurred and a new - younger forest has arisen.
leachate
second growth forests
logistic population growth
albedo
48. Ozone that exists in the trophosphere.
selective cutting
tropospheric ozone
species
deforestation
49. A plate boundary at which plates are moving away from each other. This causes an upwelling of magma from the mantle to cool and form new crust.
agroforestry
divergent boundary
monoculture
fishery
50. A hydrocarbon that forms as sediments are buried and pressurized.
poison
composting
petroleum
U.S. Noise Control Act