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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The process in which animals (and plants!) breathe and give off carbon dioxide from cellular metabolism.
nuclear fusion
respiration
gray smog (industrial smog)
traditional subsistence agriculture
2. The gaseous mass or envelope surrounding a celestial body - especially the one surrounding the Earth - which is retained by the celestial body's gravitational field.
niche
risk assessment
atmosphere
law of conservation of matter
3. The process in which soil bacteria convert ammonium (NH4+) to a form that can be used by plants; nitrate - or NO3.
strip mining
convergent boundary
sludge processor
nitrification
4. Any other species of fish - mammals - or birds that are caught that are not the target organism.
lithosphere
deep well injection
by-catch
evaporation
5. The outermost shell of the atmosphere - between the mesosphere and outer space - where temperatures increase steadily with altitude.
thermosphere
acid
Immigration
wind farm
6. The number of individuals of a population that inhabit a certain unit of land or water area.
deforestation
alkaline
population density
sludge processor
7. The phenomenon whereby the Earth's atmosphere traps solar radiation - caused by the presence in the atmosphere of gases such as carbon dioxide - water vapor - and methane that allow incoming sunlight to pass through - but absorb heat radiated back fr
greenhouse effect
subbituminous
nitrification
upwelling
8. To convert or change into a vapor.
evolution
evaporation
Southern Oscillation
primary treatment
9. The use of devices - such as solar panels - to collect - focus - transport - or store solar energy.
O layer
active collection
old growth forest
Horizon
10. The removal of all of the trees in an area.
fly ash
active collection
clear-cutting
poison
11. The result of graphing a dose-response analysis.
dose-response curve
non-point source pollution
keystone species
Superfund Program
12. The result of a pathogen invading a body.
symbiotic relationships
Infection
Uneven-aged management
loamy
13. An organism that obtains organic food molecules without eating other organisms or substances derived from other organisms. autotrophs use energy from the sun or from the oxidation of inorganic substances to make organic molecules from inorganic ones.
albedo
arable
volcanoes
autotroph
14. A program funded by the federal government and a trust that's funded by taxes on chemicals; identifies pollutants and cleans up hazardous waste sites.
biological weathering
active collection
competitive exclusion
Superfund Program
15. The solids that remain after the secondary treatment of sewage.
land degradation
sludge
realized niche
tailings
16. Says that the entropy (disorder) of the universe is increasing. One corollary of the Second Law of thermodynamics is the concept that - in most energy transformations - a significant fraction of energy is lost to the universe as heat.
tailings
niche
Gross Primary Productivity
Second Law of Thermodynamics
17. The rocks and Earth that is removed when mining for a commercially valuable mineral resource.
alkaline
Infection
overburden
toxin
18. When ecological succession begins in a virtually lifeless area - such as the area behind a moving glacier.
mineral deposit
primary consumers
parasitism
primary succession
19. The finest soil - made up of particles that are less than 0.002 mm in diameter.
clay
gray smog (industrial smog)
proven reserve
physical treatmen
20. Soil with particles 0.002 -0.05 mm in diameter.
silt
subduction zone
prior appropriation
vector
21. A symbiotic relationship in which one member is helped by the association and the other is harmed.
monoculture
petroleum
parasitism
replacement birth rate
22. The low-rainfall region that exists on the leeward (downwind) side of a mountain range. This rain shadow is the result of the mountain range's causing precipitation on the windward side.
ecological footprint
rain shadow
r-selected
reservoir
23. When the energy released from waste incineration is used to generate electricity.
trophic level
secondary treatment
vector
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program
24. An organism that cannot synthesize its own food and is dependent on complex organic substances for nutrition.
building-related illness
topsoil
heterotrophy
non-point source pollution
25. The dosage level of a toxin at which a negative effect occurs.
total fertility rate
threshold dose
solid waste
Half-life
26. The molten core of the Earth.
species
inner core
tertiary consumers
bottom trawling
27. The development and introduction of new varieties of (mainly) wheat and rice that has increased yields per acre dramatically in countries since the 1960s.
inner core
population
Green Revolution
terracing
28. The part of the mantle that lies just below the lithosphere.
autotroph
consumption
asthenosphere
tailings
29. The random fluctuations in the frequency of the appearance of a gene in a small isolated population - presumably owing to chance - rather than natural selection.
respiration
genetic drift
r-selected
mutualism
30. An opening in the Earth's crust through which molten lava - ash - and gases are ejected.
volcanoes
stationary sources
O layer
heterotrophy
31. An organism such as a bacterium or protozoan - that obtains its nourishment through the oxidation of inorganic chemical compounds - as opposed to photosynthesis.
chemotroph (chemoautotroph)
edge effect
Gross Primary Productivity
traditional subsistence agriculture
32. An erosion-resistant marine ridge or mound consisting chiefly of compacted coral together with algal material and biochemically deposited magnesium and calcium carbonates.
coral reef
wastewater
natural resources
potential energy
33. Graphical representations of populations' ages.
age-structure pyramids
pioneer species
toxin
drip irrigation
34. Using strategies to reduce the amount of risk (the degree of likelihood that a person will become ill upon exposure to a toxin or pathogen).
traditional subsistence agriculture
fishery
risk management
primary consumers
35. The amount that the population would grow if there were unlimited resources in its environment.
biotic potential
primary treatment
salinization
chemical weathering
36. When trees and crops are planted together - creating a mutualistic symbiotic relationship between them.
agroforestry
biomagnifications
riparian right
habitat
37. The place where two plates abut each other.
passive solar energy collection
proven reserve
fault
hydroelectric power
38. When photochemical smog - NOx compounds - VOCs - and ozone combine to form smog with a brownish hue.
inner core
Horizon
photochemical smog
natural resources
39. Any water that has been used by humans. This includes human sewage - water drained from showers - tubs - sinks - dishwashers - washing machines - water from industrial processes - and storm water runoff.
greenhouse effect
thermosphere
wastewater
silviculture
40. In a sewage treatment plant - the initial filtration that is done to remove debris such as stones - sticks - rags - toys - and other objects that were flushed down the toilet.
rain shadow
physical treatmen
chemical weathering
transpiration
41. Land that's fit to be cultivated.
arable
jet stream
Uneven-aged management
carnivore
42. Open or forested areas built at the outer edge of a city.
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
community
anthracite
greenbelt
43. A fishing technique in which the ocean floor is literally scraped by heavy nets that smash everything in their path.
natural selection
respiration
evolution
bottom trawling
44. The process in which plants absorb ammonium (NH3) - ammonia ions (NH4+) - and nitrate ions (NO3) through their roots.
lithosphere
assimilation
silviculture
low-level radioactive waste
45. Also known as transform faults - boundaries at which plates are moving past each other - sideways.
realized niche
greenbelt
scrubbers
transform boundary
46. The process in which soil becomes saltier and saltier until - finally - the salt prevents the growth of plants. Salinization is caused by irrigation because salts brought in with the water remain in the soil as water evaporates.
emigration
evolution
salinization
carnivore
47. The process of fusing two nuclei.
nuclear fusion
transform boundary
arable
capture fisheries
48. The amount of time it takes for half of a radioactive sample to disappear.
secondary consumers
Half-life
watershed
A layer
49. The cultivation of a single crop on a farm or in a region or country; a single - homogeneous culture without diversity or dissension.
habitat
earthquake
monoculture
active collection
50. The removal of trees for agricultural purposes or purposes of exportation.
deforestation
consumer
carrying capacity
barrels