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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A severe tropical cyclone originating in the equatorial regions of the Atlantic Ocean or Caribbean Sea or eastern regions of the Pacific Ocean - traveling north - northwest - or northeast from its point of origin - and usually involving heavy rains.
humus
detritivore
slash-and-burn
hurricane (typhoon - cyclone)
2. The finest soil - made up of particles that are less than 0.002 mm in diameter.
competitive exclusion
humus
fly ash
clay
3. Non-moving sources of pollution - such as factories.
aquifer
driftnets
combustion
stationary sources
4. The process in which animals (and plants!) breathe and give off carbon dioxide from cellular metabolism.
respiration
conservation
fly ash
acid precipitation
5. The number of live births per 1 -000 members of the population in a year.
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
Hadley cell
birth rate (crude birth rate)
old growth forest
6. A program funded by the federal government and a trust that's funded by taxes on chemicals; identifies pollutants and cleans up hazardous waste sites.
traditional subsistence agriculture
A layer
Superfund Program
composting
7. The conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into compounds - such as ammonia - by natural agencies or various industrial processes.
shelter-wood cutting
ozone holes
nitrogen fixation
assimilation
8. The number of children a couple must have in order to replace themselves in a population.
replacement birth rate
acid
logistic population growth
stationary sources
9. A species whose very presence contributes to an ecosystem's diversity and whose extinction would consequently lead to the extinction of other forms of life.
barrier island
R horizon
acid precipitation
keystone species
10. The accumulation of a substance - such as a toxic chemical - in various tissues of a living organism.
predation
energy
O layer
bioaccumulation
11. The amount of the Earth's surface that's necessary to supply the needs of - and dispose of the waste from a particular population.
ecological footprint
climax community
anthracite
thermocline
12. Organisms that consume secondary consumers or other tertiary consumers.
doldrums
tertiary consumers
trophic level
toxicity
13. Organisms that derive energy from consuming nonliving organic matter.
detritivore
heterotrophy
subduction zone
disease
14. The amount that the population would grow if there were unlimited resources in its environment.
contour farming
preservation
leachate
biotic potential
15. The random fluctuations in the frequency of the appearance of a gene in a small isolated population - presumably owing to chance - rather than natural selection.
thermocline
genetic drift
trade winds
global warming
16. Energy at rest - or stored energy.
potential energy
biotic potential
R horizon
petroleum
17. The water from which a river rises; a source.
Headwaters
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
omnivores
industrial smog (gray smog)
18. A process in which an organism is exposed to a toxin at different concentrations - and the dosage that causes the death of the organism is recorded.
dose-response analysis
biological weathering
high-level radioactive waste
risk assessment
19. An underground layer of porous rock - sand - or other material that allows the movement of water between layers of nonporous rock or clay. Aquifers are frequently tapped for wells.
aquifer
capture fisheries
convergent boundary
B layer
20. The molten core of the Earth.
genetic drift
Green Revolution
inner core
evolution
21. The part of the wide lower course of a river where its current is met by the tides.
primary consumers
driftnets
estuary
stationary sources
22. The dosage level of a toxin at which a negative effect occurs.
loamy
threshold dose
arable
physical (mechanical) weathering
23. An organism that cannot synthesize its own food and is dependent on complex organic substances for nutrition.
keystone species
heterotrophy
detritivore
risk assessment
24. A cyclonic storm having winds ranging from approximately 48 to 121 km (30 to 75 miles) per hour.
chronic effect
tropical storm
inner core
overgrazed
25. A process in which rows of crops are plowed across the hillside; this prevents the erosion that can occur when rows are cut up and down on a slope. ...
U.S. Noise Control Act
biological weathering
contour farming
tertiary consumers
26. When photochemical smog - NOx compounds - VOCs - and ozone combine to form smog with a brownish hue.
photochemical smog
nuclear fusion
death rate (crude death rate)
sludge processor
27. Calculating risk - or the degree of likelihood that a person will become ill upon exposure to a toxin or pathogen.
risk assessment
plate boundaries
solid waste
natural selection
28. The management or regulation of a resource so that its use does not exceed the capacity of the resource to regenerate itself.
strip mining
sludge processor
ED50
conservation
29. The development and introduction of new varieties of (mainly) wheat and rice that has increased yields per acre dramatically in countries since the 1960s.
Green Revolution
asthenosphere
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
Headwaters
30. An opening in the Earth's crust through which molten lava - ash - and gases are ejected.
biological weathering
radiant energy
sludge
volcanoes
31. Occurs when infection causes a change in the state of health.
strip mining
disease
delta
malnutrition
32. The effect caused by a short exposure to a high level of toxin.
lithosphere
keystone species
acute effect
conservation
33. A basic substance; chemically - a substance that absorbs hydrogen ions or releases hydroxyl ions; in reference to natural water - a measure of the base content of the water.
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
sand
alkaline
nitrification
34. This category includes organisms that consume producers (plants and algae).
evaporation
topsoil
watershed
primary consumers
35. States that matter can neither be created nor destroyed.
thermosphere
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
law of conservation of matter
hydroelectric power
36. The result of vibrations (often due to plate movements) deep in the Earth that release energy. They often occur as two plates slide past one another at a transform boundary.
passive solar energy collection
earthquake
Headwaters
divergent boundary
37. Any weathering that's caused by the activities of living organisms.
natural selection
biological weathering
jet stream
selective cutting
38. Pollutants that are formed by the combination of primary pollutants in the atmosphere.
plate boundaries
chronic effect
secondary pollutants
fossil fuel
39. Says that the entropy (disorder) of the universe is increasing. One corollary of the Second Law of thermodynamics is the concept that - in most energy transformations - a significant fraction of energy is lost to the universe as heat.
Second Law of Thermodynamics
photochemical smog
point source pollution
Half-life
40. A complex of interrelated food chains in an ecological community.
weathering
primary consumers
food web
catalytic converter
41. Ozone that exists in the trophosphere.
tropical storm
terracing
tailings
tropospheric ozone
42. The process in which plants absorb ammonium (NH3) - ammonia ions (NH4+) - and nitrate ions (NO3) through their roots.
proven reserve
silt
nuclear fusion
assimilation
43. The amount of sugar that the plants produce in photosynthesis and subtracting from it the amount of energy the plants need for growth maintenance - repair - and reproduction.
albedo
Gross Primary Productivity
coral reef
land degradation
44. The broad category under which selective cutting and shelter-wood cutting fall; selective deforestation.
transpiration
second growth forests
pathogens
Uneven-aged management
45. When the signs and symptoms of an illness can be attributed to a specific infectious organism that resides in the building.
riparian right
building-related illness
consumption
Horizon
46. A fiscal policy that lowers taxes on income - including wages and profit - and raises taxes on consumption - particularly the unsustainable consumption of non-renewable resources.
land degradation
inner core
anthracite
green tax
47. Any noise that causes stress or has the potential to damage human health.
trophic level
noise pollution
LD50
secondary treatment
48. The bedrock - which lies below all of the other layers of soil - is referred to as the R horizon.
salinization
logistic population growth
R horizon
tropospheric ozone
49. An influential theory that concerns the long - term rate of conventional oil (and other fossil fuel) extraction and depletion. It predicts that future world oil production will soon reach a peak and then rapidly decline.
trophic level
biotic potential
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
coral reef
50. Organisms that consume both producers and primary consumers.
subbituminous
omnivores
mutualism
second growth forests