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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The amount of energy that plants pass on to the community of herbivores in an ecosystem.
watershed
primary pollutants
acid
net Primary Productivity (NPP)
2. A basic substance; chemically - a substance that absorbs hydrogen ions or releases hydroxyl ions; in reference to natural water - a measure of the base content of the water.
alkaline
R horizon
demographic transition model
La Nina
3. Organisms that reproduce later in life - produce fewer offspring - and devote significant time and energy to the nurturing of their offspring.
catalytic converter
heat islands
k-selected
greenbelt
4. Organisms that reproduce early in life and often and have a high capacity for reproductive growth.
r-selected
Superfund Program
composting
genetic drift
5. The maintenance of a species or ecosystem in order to ensure their perpetuation - with no concern as to their potential monetary value
Infection
nitrogen fixation
omnivores
preservation
6. A symbiotic relationship in which one member is helped by the association and the other is harmed.
parasitism
Coriolis effect
shelter-wood cutting
deep well injection
7. Fish farming in which fish are caught in the wild and not raised in captivity for consumption.
shelter-wood cutting
capture fisheries
global warming
trade winds
8. When the majority of a building's occupants experience certain symptoms that vary with the amount of time spent in the building.
natural resources
slash-and-burn
sick building syndrome
weather
9. When ecological succession begins in a virtually lifeless area - such as the area behind a moving glacier.
primary succession
ecological footprint
carnivore
Superfund Program
10. The result of graphing a dose-response analysis.
dose-response analysis
acid
reservoir
dose-response curve
11. States that matter can neither be created nor destroyed.
wind farm
law of conservation of matter
proven reserve
O layer
12. When a species occupies a smaller niche than it would in the absence of competition.
realized niche
R horizon
malnutrition
B layer
13. The conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into compounds - such as ammonia - by natural agencies or various industrial processes.
heterotrophy
nitrogen fixation
Superfund Program
proven reserve
14. A hydrocarbon deposit - such as petroleum - coal - or natural gas - derived from living matter of a previous geologic time and used for fuel.
rain shadow
fossil fuel
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
delta
15. The process of fusing two nuclei.
nuclear fusion
riparian right
ecosystem capital
assimilation
16. Pollution that does not have a specific point of release - open -loop recycling -when materials are reused to form new products.
energy
disease
non-point source pollution
predation
17. The cultivation of a single crop on a farm or in a region or country; a single - homogeneous culture without diversity or dissension.
trade winds
extinction
predation
monoculture
18. A cooling of the ocean surface off the western coast of South America - occurring periodically every 4 to 12 years and affecting Pacific and other weather patterns.
acid precipitation
keystone species
La Nina
volcanoes
19. A soil horizon; the layer below the O layer is called the A layer. The A layer is formed of weathered rock - with some organic material; often referred to as topsoil.
A layer
overgrazed
old growth forest
evolution
20. The process of soil particles being carried away by wind or water. Erosion moves the smaller particles first and hence degrades the soil to a coarser - sandier - stonier texture.
chemical weathering
point source pollution
erosion
no-till
21. The number of children a couple must have in order to replace themselves in a population.
replacement birth rate
reservoir
O layer
building-related illness
22. The form petroleum takes when in the ground.
chemical weathering
barrier island
crude oil
ED50
23. A long - relatively narrow island running parallel to the mainland-built up by the action of waves and currents and serving to protect the coast from erosion by surf and tidal surges.
sick building syndrome
Gross Primary Productivity
barrier island
realized niche
24. Nets that are dragged through the water and indiscriminately catch everything in their path.
chemotroph (chemoautotroph)
crop rotation
shelter-wood cutting
driftnets
25. When populations are well below the size dictated by the carrying capacity of the region they live in - they will grow exponentially - but as they approach the carrying capacity - their growth rate will decrease and the size of the population will ev
indigenous species
potential energy
logistic population growth
food web
26. In fishing - the use of long lines that have baited hooks and will be taken by numerous aquatic organisms.
lithosphere
subbituminous
niche
long lining
27. Any other species of fish - mammals - or birds that are caught that are not the target organism.
building-related illness
by-catch
riparian right
traditional subsistence agriculture
28. This category includes organisms that consume producers (plants and algae).
primary consumers
biosphere
doldrums
arable
29. The low-rainfall region that exists on the leeward (downwind) side of a mountain range. This rain shadow is the result of the mountain range's causing precipitation on the windward side.
point source pollution
second growth forests
evolution
rain shadow
30. When each family in a community grows crops for themselves and rely on animal and human labor to plant and harvest crops.
biological weathering
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
traditional subsistence agriculture
abiotic
31. The maximum population size that can be supported by the available resources in a region.
convection
Infection
carrying capacity
driftnets
32. The management of forest plantations for the purpose of harvesting timber.
Immigration
tertiary consumers
R horizon
silviculture
33. An organism such as a bacterium or protozoan - that obtains its nourishment through the oxidation of inorganic chemical compounds - as opposed to photosynthesis.
disease
Half-life
chemotroph (chemoautotroph)
weather
34. An organism that obtains organic food molecules without eating other organisms or substances derived from other organisms. autotrophs use energy from the sun or from the oxidation of inorganic substances to make organic molecules from inorganic ones.
heat islands
autotroph
law of conservation of matter
Immigration
35. Any compound that releases hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. Also - a water solution that contains a surplus of hydrogen ions.
Half-life
biomagnifications
renewable resources
acid
36. Soil composed of a mixture of sand - clay - silt - and organic matter.
Superfund Program
loamy
El Nino
heat islands
37. A group of modern windmills.
passive solar energy collection
wind farm
active collection
nitrogen fixation
38. A climate variation that takes place in the tropical Pacific about every three to seven years - for a duration of about one year.
closed-loop recycling
El Nino
death rate (crude death rate)
noise pollution
39. The energy of motion.
kinetic energy
asthenosphere
wastewater
subbituminous
40. Power generated using water.
vector
hydroelectric power
biotic
mineral deposit
41. The gradual breakdown of rock into smaller and smaller particles - caused by natural chemical - physical - and biological factors.
niche
weathering
driftnets
age-structure pyramids
42. An area in which a particular mineral is concentrated - mining -the excavation of the Earth for the purpose of extracting ore or minerals.
mineral deposit
photochemical smog
First Law of Thermodynamics
coral reef
43. The vertical movement of a mass of matter due to heating and cooling; this can happen in both the atmosphere and Earth's mantle.
tailings
habitat fragmentation
sand
convection
44. A soil horizon - horizon C is made up of larger pieces of rock that have not undergone much weathering.
thermosphere
C layer
autotroph
inner core
45. When one species feeds on another.
inner core
anthracite
predation
water-scarce
46. The condition in which - at ecosystem boundaries - there is greater species diversity and biological density than there is in the heart of ecological communities.
edge effect
bituminous
nitrification
fault
47. The outermost shell of the atmosphere - between the mesosphere and outer space - where temperatures increase steadily with altitude.
divergent boundary
hazardous waste
thermosphere
land degradation
48. Acid rain - acid hail - acid snow; all of which occur as a result of pollution in the atmosphere.
silviculture
acid precipitation
plate boundaries
tree farms
49. Organisms that are capable of interbreeding with one another and incapable of breeding with other species.
species
deep well injection
erosion
lignite
50. Involves the sinking of shafts to reach underground deposits. In this type of mining - networks of tunnels are dug or blasted and humans enter these tunnels in order to manually retrieve the coal.
tree farms
underground mining
Southern Oscillation
alkaline