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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
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Subjects
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science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The process by which the concentration of toxic substances increases in each successive link in the food chain.
biomagnifications
acute effect
C layer
potential energy
2. A group of modern windmills.
green tax
wind farm
Green Revolution
community
3. Non-moving sources of pollution - such as factories.
autotroph
sick building syndrome
underground mining
stationary sources
4. The amount of time it takes for half of a radioactive sample to disappear.
delta
prior appropriation
lithosphere
Half-life
5. The process that occurs when two different species in a region compete and the better adapted species wins.
competitive exclusion
Southern Oscillation
traditional subsistence agriculture
r-selected
6. The rocks and Earth that is removed when mining for a commercially valuable mineral resource.
evolution
overburden
conservation
ecological succession
7. A nuclear reaction in which an atomic nucleus - especially a heavy nucleus such as an isotope of uranium - splits into fragments - usually two fragments of comparable mass - releasing from 100 million to several hundred million electron volts of ener
high-level radioactive waste
fission
primary pollutants
fishery
8. Organisms that consume secondary consumers or other tertiary consumers.
producer
tertiary consumers
strip mining
volcanoes
9. Acid rain - acid hail - acid snow; all of which occur as a result of pollution in the atmosphere.
reservoir
acid precipitation
active collection
sick building syndrome
10. Transition in species composition of a biological community - often following ecological disturbance of the community; the establishment of a biological community in any area virtually barren of life.
pioneer species
atmosphere
ecological succession
active collection
11. The low-rainfall region that exists on the leeward (downwind) side of a mountain range. This rain shadow is the result of the mountain range's causing precipitation on the windward side.
leachate
energy
rain shadow
old growth forest
12. A layer of soil.
age-structure pyramids
Horizon
underground mining
respiration
13. The amount of energy that plants pass on to the community of herbivores in an ecosystem.
nuclear fusion
Horizon
wind farm
net Primary Productivity (NPP)
14. A fishing technique in which the ocean floor is literally scraped by heavy nets that smash everything in their path.
bottom trawling
stationary sources
primary succession
omnivores
15. An influential theory that concerns the long-term rate of conventional oil (and other fossil fuel) extraction and depletion. It predicts that future world oil production will soon reach a peak and then rapidly decline.
aquifer
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
monoculture
pathogens
16. Close - prolonged associations between two or more different organisms of different species that may - but do not necessarily benefit the members.
Infection
symbiotic relationships
earthquake
realized niche
17. A program funded by the federal government and a trust that's funded by taxes on chemicals; identifies pollutants and cleans up hazardous waste sites.
thermocline
Superfund Program
inner core
nuclear fusion
18. The use of building materials - building placement - and design to passively collect solar energy that can be used to keep a building warm or cool.
passive solar energy collection
ozone holes
ecological succession
gray smog (industrial smog)
19. Radioactive wastes that produce high levels of ionizing radiation.
high-level radioactive waste
Superfund Program
divergent boundary
sludge processor
20. In fishing - the use of long lines that have baited hooks and will be taken by numerous aquatic organisms.
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
community
wastewater
long lining
21. The degree to which a substance is biologically harmful.
toxicity
photosynthesis
edge effect
species
22. An organism that is capable of converting radiant energy or chemical energy into carbohydrates.
producer
land degradation
second growth forests
solid waste
23. The day-to-day variations in temperature - air pressure - wind - humidity - and precipitation mediated by the atmosphere in a given region.
drip irrigation
salinization
weather
tailings
24. The amount of sugar that the plants produce in photosynthesis and subtracting from it the amount of energy the plants need for growth maintenance - repair - and reproduction.
hurricane (typhoon - cyclone)
catalytic converter
Gross Primary Productivity
monoculture
25. The effect caused by a short exposure to a high level of toxin.
acute effect
Second Law of Thermodynamics
mutualism
tree farms
26. Refers to resources - such as plants and animals - which can be regenerated if harvested at sustainable yields.
renewable resources
acid
dose-response curve
C layer
27. Any other species of fish - mammals - or birds that are caught that are not the target organism.
secondary treatment
acute effect
by-catch
keystone species
28. A hydrocarbon that forms as sediments are buried and pressurized.
petroleum
wastewater
mantle
Superfund Program
29. A stable - mature community in a successive series that has reached equilibrium after having evolved through stages and adapted to its environment.
ecosystem capital
climax community
replacement birth rate
risk management
30. The total sum of a species' use of the biotic and abiotic resources in its environment.
barrels
Southern Oscillation
niche
renewable resources
31. A climate variation that takes place in the tropical Pacific about every three to seven years - for a duration of about one year.
upwelling
potential energy
bituminous
El Nino
32. An intensification of the Greenhouse Effect due to the increased presence of heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere.
risk management
global warming
selective cutting
transform boundary
33. The number of children a couple must have in order to replace themselves in a population.
replacement birth rate
reservoir
evolution
competitive exclusion
34. An opening in the Earth's crust through which molten lava - ash - and gases are ejected.
heat islands
subbituminous
volcanoes
evolution
35. The removal of all of the trees in an area.
water-scarce
clear-cutting
silviculture
acid precipitation
36. The least pure coal.
carrying capacity
building-related illness
lignite
B layer
37. A soil horizon; the layer below the O layer is called the A layer. The A layer is formed of weathered rock - with some organic material; often referred to as topsoil.
A layer
red tide
keystone species
genetic drift
38. Pollutants that are released directly into the lower atmosphere.
toxin
primary pollutants
biotic potential
indigenous species
39. The number of children an average woman will bear during her lifetime; this information is based on an analysis of data from preceding years in the population in question.
Immigration
aquifer
ecosystem capital
total fertility rate
40. The place where two plates abut each other.
greenhouse effect
net Primary Productivity (NPP)
poison
fault
41. Energy at rest - or stored energy.
clay
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program
potential energy
U.S. Noise Control Act
42. Using strategies to reduce the amount of risk (the degree of likelihood that a person will become ill upon exposure to a toxin or pathogen).
ecological succession
denitrification
fault
risk management
43. An underground layer of porous rock - sand - or other material that allows the movement of water between layers of nonporous rock or clay. Aquifers are frequently tapped for wells.
potential energy
global warming
aquifer
consumer
44. When the energy released from waste incineration is used to generate electricity.
riparian right
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program
biological weathering
greenbelt
45. An erosion-resistant marine ridge or mound consisting chiefly of compacted coral together with algal material and biochemically deposited magnesium and calcium carbonates.
law of conservation of matter
coral reef
pathogens
closed-loop recycling
46. A process in which an organism is exposed to a toxin at different concentrations - and the dosage that causes the death of the organism is recorded.
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
global warming
contour farming
dose-response analysis
47. The process in which soil becomes saltier and saltier until - finally - the salt prevents the growth of plants. Salinization is caused by irrigation because salts brought in with the water remain in the soil as water evaporates.
weather
salinization
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program
Hadley cell
48. The result of graphing a dose-response analysis.
passive solar energy collection
consumer
birth rate (crude birth rate)
dose-response curve
49. When the signs and symptoms of an illness can be attributed to a specific infectious organism that resides in the building.
physical treatmen
keystone species
building-related illness
secondary consumers
50. When companies are allowed to buy permits that allow them a certain amount of discharge of substances into certain environmental outlets. If they can reduce their amount of discharge - they are allowed to sell the remaining portion of their permit to
chemical weathering
market permits
reservoir
biosphere
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