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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Devices containing alkaline substances that precipitate out much of the sulfur dioxide from industrial plants.
scrubbers
photochemical smog
weathering
contour farming
2. The outer part of the Earth - consisting of the crust and upper mantle - approximately 100 km (62 miles) thick.
thermocline
lithosphere
shelter-wood cutting
overburden
3. An effect that results from long -term exposure to low levels of toxin.
chronic effect
nonrenewable resources
underground mining
invasive species
4. A symbiotic relationship in which one member is helped by the association and the other is harmed.
land degradation
disease
riparian right
parasitism
5. The result of chemical interaction with the bedrock that is typical of the action of both water and atmospheric gases.
hazardous waste
trophic level
chemical weathering
active collection
6. A layer in a large body of water - such as a lake - that sharply separates regions differing in temperature - so that the temperature gradient across the layer is abrupt.
population
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program
thermocline
radiant energy
7. Any substance that has an LD50 - of 50 mg or less per kg of body weight.
topsoil
photosynthesis
radiant energy
poison
8. The right - as to fishing or to the use of a riverbed - of one who owns riparian land (the land adjacent to a river or stream).
tree farms
pathogens
riparian right
drip irrigation
9. Soil with particles 0.002 -0.05 mm in diameter.
law of conservation of matter
surface fires
by-catch
silt
10. A process in which cold - often nutrient-rich - waters from the ocean depths rise to the surface.
upwelling
scrubbers
lithosphere
point source pollution
11. A basic substance; chemically - a substance that absorbs hydrogen ions or releases hydroxyl ions; in reference to natural water - a measure of the base content of the water.
silviculture
passive solar energy collection
alkaline
biomagnifications
12. Says that the entropy (disorder) of the universe is increasing. One corollary of the Second Law of thermodynamics is the concept that - in most energy transformations - a significant fraction of energy is lost to the universe as heat.
mantle
fishery
Second Law of Thermodynamics
photochemical smog
13. Ozone that exists in the trophosphere.
trade winds
net Primary Productivity (NPP)
no-till
tropospheric ozone
14. The process of soil particles being carried away by wind or water. Erosion moves the smaller particles first and hence degrades the soil to a coarser - sandier - stonier texture.
erosion
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
clay
physical (mechanical) weathering
15. A layer of soil.
acid
non-point source pollution
Horizon
k-selected
16. An organism that is capable of converting radiant energy or chemical energy into carbohydrates.
earthquake
petroleum
producer
law of conservation of matter
17. The coarsest soil - with particles 0.05 -2.0 mm in diameter.
potential energy
sand
greenhouse effect
physical treatmen
18. Pollution that does not have a specific point of release - open -loop recycling -when materials are reused to form new products.
reservoir
non-point source pollution
community
clay
19. A platinum - coated device that oxidizes most of the VOCs and some of the CO that would otherwise be emitted in exhaust - converting them to CO2.
silviculture
catalytic converter
parasitism
sludge
20. Organisms that reproduce later in life - produce fewer offspring - and devote significant time and energy to the nurturing of their offspring.
k-selected
low-level radioactive waste
trophic level
nitrogen fixation
21. The result of vibrations (often due to plate movements) deep in the Earth that release energy. They often occur as two plates slide past one another at a transform boundary.
global warming
mineral deposit
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
earthquake
22. The value of natural resources.
photochemical smog
tropospheric ozone
alkaline
ecosystem capital
23. The biological treatment of wastewater in order to continue to remove biodegradable waste.
vector
omnivores
evaporation
secondary treatment
24. Occurs when infection causes a change in the state of health.
disease
LD50
doldrums
population density
25. Is equal to the number of deaths per 1 -000 members of the population in a year.
nonrenewable resources
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
Infection
death rate (crude death rate)
26. Involves the sinking of shafts to reach underground deposits. In this type of mining - networks of tunnels are dug or blasted and humans enter these tunnels in order to manually retrieve the coal.
competitive exclusion
primary treatment
estuary
underground mining
27. Any weathering that's caused by the activities of living organisms.
underground mining
biological weathering
divergent boundary
proven reserve
28. The more or less constant winds blowing in horizontal directions over the Earth's surface - as part of Hadley cells.
trade winds
hurricane (typhoon - cyclone)
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
consumer
29. An erosion-resistant marine ridge or mound consisting chiefly of compacted coral together with algal material and biochemically deposited magnesium and calcium carbonates.
photochemical smog
coral reef
underground mining
sick building syndrome
30. The day-to-day use of environmental resources as food - clothing - and housing.
nitrification
wetlands
consumption
second growth forests
31. Soil composed of a mixture of sand - clay - silt - and organic matter.
genetic drift
second growth forests
acid
loamy
32. Any other species of fish - mammals - or birds that are caught that are not the target organism.
evolution
non-point source pollution
Immigration
by-catch
33. A high-speed - meandering wind current - generally moving from a westerly direction at speeds often exceeding 400 km (250 miles) per hour at altitudes of 15 to 25 km (10 to 15 miles).
primary treatment
biotic
dose-response curve
jet stream
34. In fishing - the use of long lines that have baited hooks and will be taken by numerous aquatic organisms.
long lining
subduction zone
disease
symbiotic relationships
35. A usually triangular alluvial deposit at the mouth of a river.
erosion
sand
capture fisheries
delta
36. Countries that have a renewable annual water supply of less than 1 -000 m3 per person.
shelter-wood cutting
water-scarce
population density
selective cutting
37. A system of vertical and horizontal air circulation predominating in tropical and subtropical regions and creating major weather patterns.
transform boundary
salinization
greenbelt
Hadley cell
38. Can consist of hazardous waste - industrial solid waste - or municipal waste. Many types of solid waste provide a threat to human health and the environment.
deforestation
population
shelter-wood cutting
solid waste
39. Also known as plantations - these are planted and managed tracts of trees of the same age that are harvested for commercial use.
loamy
clay
tree farms
physical (mechanical) weathering
40. The random fluctuations in the frequency of the appearance of a gene in a small isolated population - presumably owing to chance - rather than natural selection.
clear-cutting
trade winds
plate boundaries
genetic drift
41. A soil horizon; B receives the minerals and organic materials that are leached out of the A horizon.
overgrazed
B layer
passive solar energy collection
food web
42. The third purest form of coal.
tailings
humus
biological weathering
subbituminous
43. Non-moving sources of pollution - such as factories.
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
stationary sources
weather
climax community
44. When water rights are given to those who have historically used the water in a certain area.
terracing
prior appropriation
slash-and-burn
genetic drift
45. An estimate of the amount of fossil fuel that can be obtained from reserve.
age-structure pyramids
autotroph
proven reserve
emigration
46. The number of children a couple must have in order to replace themselves in a population.
land degradation
A layer
replacement birth rate
producer
47. Resources that are often formed by very slow geologic processes - so we consider them incapable of being regenerated within the realm of human existence.
chronic effect
toxin
Headwaters
nonrenewable resources
48. The cleanest-burning coal; almost pure carbon.
anthracite
toxicity
atmosphere
Half-life
49. Open or forested areas built at the outer edge of a city.
ozone holes
greenbelt
trophic level
industrial smog (gray smog)
50. An organism such as a bacterium or protozoan - that obtains its nourishment through the oxidation of inorganic chemical compounds - as opposed to photosynthesis.
Headwaters
arable
chemotroph (chemoautotroph)
doldrums