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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An organism that obtains organic food molecules without eating other organisms or substances derived from other organisms. autotrophs use energy from the sun or from the oxidation of inorganic substances to make organic molecules from inorganic ones.
extinction
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
divergent boundary
autotroph
2. The management of forest plantations for the purpose of harvesting timber.
species
O layer
silviculture
tertiary consumers
3. An intensification of the Greenhouse Effect due to the increased presence of heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere.
sick building syndrome
global warming
conservation
fault
4. A nuclear reaction in which an atomic nucleus - especially a heavy nucleus such as an isotope of uranium - splits into fragments - usually two fragments of comparable mass - releasing from 100 million to several hundred million electron volts of ener
fission
aquifer
conservation
convection
5. The process in which soil becomes saltier and saltier until - finally - the salt prevents the growth of plants. Salinization is caused by irrigation because salts brought in with the water remain in the soil as water evaporates.
salinization
Headwaters
heat islands
demographic transition model
6. Change in the genetic composition of a population during successive generations as a result of natural selection acting on the genetic variation among individuals and resulting in the development of new species.
clear-cutting
LD50
proven reserve
evolution
7. The fraction of solar energy that is reflected back into space.
albedo
red tide
food chain
point source pollution
8. The process by which specialized bacteria (mostly anaerobic bacteria) convert ammonia to NOy NO2 - and N2 and release it back to the atmosphere.
denitrification
death rate (crude death rate)
sand
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
9. A method of supplying irrigation water through tubes that literally drip water onto the soil at the base of each plant.
invasive species
drip irrigation
primary consumers
evolution
10. Occurs when infection causes a change in the state of health.
realized niche
disease
humus
selective cutting
11. Any waste that poses a danger to human health; it must be dealt with in a different way from other types of waste.
hazardous waste
food web
producer
leachate
12. Poor nutrition that results from an insufficient or poorly balanced diet.
malnutrition
inner core
primary consumers
natural selection
13. The total sum of a species' use of the biotic and abiotic resources in its environment.
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
net Primary Productivity (NPP)
physical (mechanical) weathering
niche
14. A process in which an organism is exposed to a toxin at different concentrations - and the dosage that causes the death of the organism is recorded.
wetlands
shelter-wood cutting
dose-response analysis
clay
15. The broad category under which selective cutting and shelter-wood cutting fall; selective deforestation.
Uneven-aged management
habitat fragmentation
toxicity
reservoir
16. The process in green plants and certain other organisms by which carbohydrates are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water using light as an energy source. Most forms of photosynthesis release oxygen as a byproduct.
population
photosynthesis
asthenosphere
monoculture
17. A plate boundary at which plates are moving away from each other. This causes an upwelling of magma from the mantle to cool and form new crust.
proven reserve
delta
consumption
divergent boundary
18. Pertaining to factors or things that are separate and independent from living things; nonliving.
abiotic
consumer
deforestation
surface fires
19. The removal of trees for agricultural purposes or purposes of exportation.
indigenous species
birth rate (crude birth rate)
deforestation
food chain
20. Bacteria or fungi that absorb nutrients from nonliving organic matter like plant material - the wastes of living organisms - and corpses. They convert these materials into inorganic forms.
decomposer
malnutrition
subbituminous
replacement birth rate
21. The condition in which - at ecosystem boundaries - there is greater species diversity and biological density than there is in the heart of ecological communities.
Second Law of Thermodynamics
edge effect
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
weathering
22. When each family in a community grows crops for themselves and rely on animal and human labor to plant and harvest crops.
r-selected
A layer
traditional subsistence agriculture
photochemical smog
23. The finest soil - made up of particles that are less than 0.002 mm in diameter.
scrubbers
nonrenewable resources
B layer
clay
24. The value of natural resources.
mantle
ecosystem capital
proven reserve
sand
25. When an area of vegetation is cut down and burned before being planted with crops.
barrels
slash-and-burn
gray smog (industrial smog)
earthquake
26. Also known as transform faults - boundaries at which plates are moving past each other - sideways.
combustion
transform boundary
greenhouse effect
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
27. Non-moving sources of pollution - such as factories.
stationary sources
earthquake
toxicity
water-scarce
28. Open or forested areas built at the outer edge of a city.
Hadley cell
no-till
biotic potential
greenbelt
29. An opening in the Earth's crust through which molten lava - ash - and gases are ejected.
monoculture
inner core
volcanoes
species
30. The accumulation of a substance - such as a toxic chemical - in various tissues of a living organism.
surface fires
bioaccumulation
biosphere
replacement birth rate
31. The number of children a couple must have in order to replace themselves in a population.
replacement birth rate
bioaccumulation
passive solar energy collection
underground mining
32. Is the practice of planting bands of different crops across a hillside.
wetlands
solid waste
logistic population growth
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
33. The result of graphing a dose-response analysis.
dose-response curve
acute effect
terracing
primary consumers
34. When companies are allowed to buy permits that allow them a certain amount of discharge of substances into certain environmental outlets. If they can reduce their amount of discharge - they are allowed to sell the remaining portion of their permit to
greenhouse effect
market permits
wastewater
convection currents
35. Organisms that are capable of interbreeding with one another and incapable of breeding with other species.
carnivore
pathogens
fishery
species
36. The capacity to do work.
energy
no-till
traditional subsistence agriculture
chemical weathering
37. The effect caused by a short exposure to a high level of toxin.
acute effect
sludge
toxicity
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program
38. The random fluctuations in the frequency of the appearance of a gene in a small isolated population - presumably owing to chance - rather than natural selection.
atmosphere
genetic drift
conservation
crude oil
39. The region draining into river system or other body of water.
photochemical smog
land degradation
watershed
subbituminous
40. Any process that breaks rock down into smaller pieces without changing the chemistry of the rock; typically wind and water.
Southern Oscillation
dose-response analysis
earthquake
physical (mechanical) weathering
41. The solids that remain after the secondary treatment of sewage.
sludge
weather
population density
catalytic converter
42. A lowland area - such as a marsh or swamp - that is saturated with moisture - especially when regarded as the natural habitat of wildlife.
niche
wetlands
biological weathering
food chain
43. Soil composed of a mixture of sand - clay - silt - and organic matter.
Headwaters
loamy
closed-loop recycling
rain shadow
44. A system of vertical and horizontal air circulation predominating in tropical and subtropical regions and creating major weather patterns.
competitive exclusion
no-till
Hadley cell
Half-life
45. The gradual breakdown of rock into smaller and smaller particles - caused by natural chemical - physical - and biological factors.
by-catch
nitrification
chemotroph (chemoautotroph)
weathering
46. The development and introduction of new varieties of (mainly) wheat and rice that has increased yields per acre dramatically in countries since the 1960s.
abiotic
atmosphere
silt
Green Revolution
47. The cleanest-burning coal; almost pure carbon.
proven reserve
anthracite
vector
chronic effect
48. Devices containing alkaline substances that precipitate out much of the sulfur dioxide from industrial plants.
El Nino
scrubbers
petroleum
chronic effect
49. Power generated using water.
La Nina
fossil fuel
hydroelectric power
combustion
50. The removal of all of the trees in an area.
edge effect
mineral deposit
clear-cutting
wastewater