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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An underground layer of porous rock - sand - or other material that allows the movement of water between layers of nonporous rock or clay. Aquifers are frequently tapped for wells.
aquifer
species
humus
chronic effect
2. A symbiotic relationship in which one member is helped by the association and the other is harmed.
Southern Oscillation
tropospheric ozone
biological weathering
parasitism
3. Areas where cutting has occurred and a new - younger forest has arisen.
second growth forests
tertiary consumers
decomposer
contour farming
4. Ozone that exists in the trophosphere.
evolution
tropospheric ozone
pathogens
humus
5. The coarsest soil - with particles 0.05 -2.0 mm in diameter.
wetlands
net Primary Productivity (NPP)
respiration
sand
6. The removal of select trees in an area; this leaves the majority of the habitat in place and has less of an impact on the ecosystem.
food chain
indigenous species
high-level radioactive waste
selective cutting
7. The condition in which - at ecosystem boundaries - there is greater species diversity and biological density than there is in the heart of ecological communities.
point source pollution
bioaccumulation
edge effect
symbiotic relationships
8. The movement of individuals into a population.
water-stressed
photosynthesis
producer
Immigration
9. The solids that remain after the secondary treatment of sewage.
indigenous species
stationary sources
weather
sludge
10. The conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into compounds - such as ammonia - by natural agencies or various industrial processes.
nitrogen fixation
transform boundary
Uneven-aged management
stationary sources
11. The use of building materials - building placement - and design to passively collect solar energy that can be used to keep a building warm or cool.
passive solar energy collection
wastewater
species
barrels
12. Pertaining to factors or things that are separate and independent from living things; nonliving.
law of conservation of matter
aquifer
abiotic
U.S. Noise Control Act
13. Each of the feeding levels in a food chain.
mutualism
evolution
trophic level
global warming
14. Any other species of fish - mammals - or birds that are caught that are not the target organism.
photosynthesis
ozone holes
by-catch
k-selected
15. Smog resulting from emissions from industry and other sources of gases produced by the burning of fossil fuels - especially coal.
gray smog (industrial smog)
Second Law of Thermodynamics
thermocline
edge effect
16. The vertical movement of a mass of matter due to heating and cooling; this can happen in both the atmosphere and Earth's mantle.
Half-life
deep well injection
convection
potential energy
17. Change in the genetic composition of a population during successive generations as a result of natural selection acting on the genetic variation among individuals and resulting in the development of new species.
evolution
predation
closed-loop recycling
bituminous
18. A climate variation that takes place in the tropical Pacific about every three to seven years - for a duration of about one year.
food web
El Nino
topsoil
bottom trawling
19. An introduced - normative species.
atmosphere
U.S. Noise Control Act
invasive species
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
20. The random fluctuations in the frequency of the appearance of a gene in a small isolated population - presumably owing to chance - rather than natural selection.
Aquaculture
jet stream
genetic drift
physical (mechanical) weathering
21. The process by which the concentration of toxic substances increases in each successive link in the food chain.
pathogens
Green Revolution
hurricane (typhoon - cyclone)
biomagnifications
22. A hydrocarbon that forms as sediments are buried and pressurized.
producer
carnivore
petroleum
pioneer species
23. When mature trees are cut over a period of time (usually10 -20 years); this leaves mature trees - which can reseed the forest - in place.
shelter-wood cutting
habitat
ecological succession
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
24. A basic substance; chemically - a substance that absorbs hydrogen ions or releases hydroxyl ions; in reference to natural water - a measure of the base content of the water.
alkaline
natural selection
aquifer
hazardous waste
25. An influential theory that concerns the long-term rate of conventional oil (and other fossil fuel) extraction and depletion. It predicts that future world oil production will soon reach a peak and then rapidly decline.
lithosphere
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
pathogens
hazardous waste
26. Involves the sinking of shafts to reach underground deposits. In this type of mining - networks of tunnels are dug or blasted and humans enter these tunnels in order to manually retrieve the coal.
convection
natural selection
catalytic converter
underground mining
27. Is the practice of planting bands of different crops across a hillside.
driftnets
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
Second Law of Thermodynamics
active collection
28. The process by which - according to Darwin's theory of evolution - only the organisms best adapted to their environment tend to survive and transmit their genetic characteristics in increasing numbers to succeeding generations - while those less adap
poison
natural selection
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
capture fisheries
29. The use of devices - such as solar panels - to collect - focus - transport - or store solar energy.
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
water-scarce
toxin
active collection
30. The process in which soil becomes saltier and saltier until - finally - the salt prevents the growth of plants. Salinization is caused by irrigation because salts brought in with the water remain in the soil as water evaporates.
water-scarce
radiant energy
predation
salinization
31. Radioactive wastes that produce high levels of ionizing radiation.
crop rotation
proven reserve
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
high-level radioactive waste
32. Organisms that are capable of interbreeding with one another and incapable of breeding with other species.
nitrification
species
acute effect
agroforestry
33. A high-speed - meandering wind current - generally moving from a westerly direction at speeds often exceeding 400 km (250 miles) per hour at altitudes of 15 to 25 km (10 to 15 miles).
primary treatment
second growth forests
logistic population growth
jet stream
34. A region of the ocean near the equator - characterized by calms - light winds - or squalls.
by-catch
biomagnifications
r-selected
doldrums
35. The rocks and Earth that is removed when mining for a commercially valuable mineral resource.
noise pollution
closed-loop recycling
overburden
secondary treatment
36. An area in which a particular mineral is concentrated - mining -the excavation of the Earth for the purpose of extracting ore or minerals.
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
mineral deposit
anthracite
population
37. When each family in a community grows crops for themselves and rely on animal and human labor to plant and harvest crops.
law of conservation of matter
evaporation
clay
traditional subsistence agriculture
38. Acid rain - acid hail - acid snow; all of which occur as a result of pollution in the atmosphere.
logistic population growth
traditional subsistence agriculture
strip mining
acid precipitation
39. When soil becomes water-logged and then dries out - and salt forms a layer on its surface.
fly ash
secondary consumers
loamy
land degradation
40. The fraction of solar energy that is reflected back into space.
albedo
riparian right
nitrogen fixation
Superfund Program
41. An intensification of the Greenhouse Effect due to the increased presence of heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere.
climax community
hurricane (typhoon - cyclone)
doldrums
global warming
42. The edges of tectonic plates.
dose-response analysis
plate boundaries
physical treatmen
driftnets
43. The molten core of the Earth.
secondary pollutants
Superfund Program
biotic
inner core
44. When the majority of a building's occupants experience certain symptoms that vary with the amount of time spent in the building.
malnutrition
sick building syndrome
upwelling
acid
45. The value of natural resources.
watershed
by-catch
ecosystem capital
non-point source pollution
46. Can consist of hazardous waste - industrial solid waste - or municipal waste. Many types of solid waste provide a threat to human health and the environment.
heterotrophy
long lining
convection
solid waste
47. Organisms that reproduce early in life and often and have a high capacity for reproductive growth.
hurricane (typhoon - cyclone)
r-selected
market permits
crop rotation
48. When the signs and symptoms of an illness can be attributed to a specific infectious organism that resides in the building.
low-level radioactive waste
building-related illness
passive solar energy collection
albedo
49. Biotic and abiotic natural ecosystems.
tailings
food web
natural resources
replacement birth rate
50. A group of organisms of the same species that live in the same area.
global warming
high-level radioactive waste
population
crude oil