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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The use of building materials - building placement - and design to passively collect solar energy that can be used to keep a building warm or cool.
passive solar energy collection
pioneer species
carrying capacity
deforestation
2. The solids that remain after the secondary treatment of sewage.
sludge
denitrification
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
Horizon
3. A cooling of the ocean surface off the western coast of South America - occurring periodically every 4 to 12 years and affecting Pacific and other weather patterns.
bituminous
Infection
La Nina
secondary pollutants
4. The effect caused by a short exposure to a high level of toxin.
acute effect
age-structure pyramids
energy
kinetic energy
5. A plate boundary at which plates are moving away from each other. This causes an upwelling of magma from the mantle to cool and form new crust.
tropospheric ozone
divergent boundary
weather
plate boundaries
6. Involves the removal of the Earth's surface all the way down to the level of the mineral seam.
edge effect
LD50
strip mining
consumption
7. The uppermost horizon of soil. It is primarily made up of organic material - including waste from organisms - the bodies of decomposing organisms - and live organisms.
rain shadow
El Nino
autotroph
O layer
8. The structure obtained if we organize the amount of energy contained in producers and consumers in an ecosystem by kilocalories per square meter - from largest to smallest.
energy pyramid
clear-cutting
doldrums
detritivore
9. The broad category under which selective cutting and shelter-wood cutting fall; selective deforestation.
chemotroph (chemoautotroph)
scrubbers
Uneven-aged management
convection
10. The amount of energy that plants pass on to the community of herbivores in an ecosystem.
water-stressed
physical treatmen
risk assessment
net Primary Productivity (NPP)
11. The movement of individuals out of a population.
abiotic
clear-cutting
death rate (crude death rate)
emigration
12. The act or process of transpiring - or releasing water vapor - especially through the stomata of plant tissue or the pores of the skin.
replacement birth rate
k-selected
energy
transpiration
13. The process in which plants absorb ammonium (NH3) - ammonia ions (NH4+) - and nitrate ions (NO3) through their roots.
assimilation
law of conservation of matter
dose-response analysis
habitat fragmentation
14. Any process that breaks rock down into smaller pieces without changing the chemistry of the rock; typically wind and water.
autotroph
physical (mechanical) weathering
acute effect
disease
15. In fishing - the use of long lines that have baited hooks and will be taken by numerous aquatic organisms.
doldrums
long lining
coral reef
underground mining
16. The development and introduction of new varieties of (mainly) wheat and rice that has increased yields per acre dramatically in countries since the 1960s.
overgrazed
Green Revolution
market permits
wetlands
17. Any substance than is inhaled - ingested - or absorbed at dosages sufficient to damage a living organism.
autotroph
toxin
net Primary Productivity (NPP)
by-catch
18. Creating flat platforms in the hillside that provide a level planting surface - which reduces soil runoff from the slope.
terracing
chemical weathering
convergent boundary
habitat
19. The accumulation of a substance - such as a toxic chemical - in various tissues of a living organism.
bioaccumulation
detritivore
natural selection
natural resources
20. The number of individuals of a population that inhabit a certain unit of land or water area.
tailings
population density
convection currents
barrels
21. A process in which cold - often nutrient-rich - waters from the ocean depths rise to the surface.
high-level radioactive waste
natural resources
upwelling
biotic potential
22. Urban areas that heat up more quickly and retain heat more than do nonurban areas.
hurricane (typhoon - cyclone)
wastewater
delta
heat islands
23. When materials - such as plastic or aluminum - are used to rebuild the same product. An example of this is the use of the aluminum from aluminum cans to produce more aluminum cans.
ED50
consumer
salinization
closed-loop recycling
24. Also known as transform faults - boundaries at which plates are moving past each other - sideways.
leachate
hurricane (typhoon - cyclone)
transpiration
transform boundary
25. The biological treatment of wastewater in order to continue to remove biodegradable waste.
detritivore
agroforestry
secondary treatment
birth rate (crude birth rate)
26. The dosage level of a toxin at which a negative effect occurs.
bottom trawling
threshold dose
dose-response curve
nonrenewable resources
27. A soil horizon - horizon C is made up of larger pieces of rock that have not undergone much weathering.
symbiotic relationships
C layer
slash-and-burn
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
28. The capacity to do work.
barrier island
habitat fragmentation
abiotic
energy
29. The outermost shell of the atmosphere - between the mesosphere and outer space - where temperatures increase steadily with altitude.
second growth forests
by-catch
thermosphere
Horizon
30. The maintenance of a species or ecosystem in order to ensure their perpetuation - with no concern as to their potential monetary value
lithosphere
assimilation
ecological succession
preservation
31. The point at which 50 percent of the test organisms show a negative effect from a toxin.
evaporation
ED50
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program
photochemical smog
32. Soil composed of a mixture of sand - clay - silt - and organic matter.
surface fires
loamy
aquifer
industrial smog (gray smog)
33. The carrier organism through which pathogens can attack.
crop rotation
vector
O layer
overgrazed
34. A layer in a large body of water - such as a lake - that sharply separates regions differing in temperature - so that the temperature gradient across the layer is abrupt.
silviculture
acid precipitation
aquifer
thermocline
35. The process in which soil bacteria convert ammonium (NH4+) to a form that can be used by plants; nitrate - or NO3.
silt
thermocline
nitrification
fishery
36. A process that allows the organic material in solid waste to be decomposed and reintroduced into the soil - often as fertilizer.
composting
mutualism
old growth forest
tropospheric ozone
37. Piles of gangue - which is the waste material that results from mining.
tailings
arable
second growth forests
red tide
38. A lowland area - such as a marsh or swamp - that is saturated with moisture - especially when regarded as the natural habitat of wildlife.
wetlands
nonrenewable resources
ozone holes
volcanoes
39. A soil horizon; B receives the minerals and organic materials that are leached out of the A horizon.
primary succession
B layer
closed-loop recycling
photochemical smog
40. The edges of tectonic plates.
plate boundaries
agroforestry
point source pollution
clay
41. An intensification of the Greenhouse Effect due to the increased presence of heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere.
stationary sources
demographic transition model
secondary consumers
global warming
42. The form petroleum takes when in the ground.
scrubbers
riparian right
crude oil
Gross Primary Productivity
43. The A layer of soil is often referred to as topsoil and is most important for plant growth.
energy
toxin
topsoil
thermosphere
44. An organism that cannot synthesize its own food and is dependent on complex organic substances for nutrition.
heterotrophy
disease
tertiary consumers
poison
45. The cleanest-burning coal; almost pure carbon.
nitrification
population density
slash-and-burn
anthracite
46. A soil horizon; the layer below the O layer is called the A layer. The A layer is formed of weathered rock - with some organic material; often referred to as topsoil.
earthquake
volcanoes
biotic potential
A layer
47. An influential theory that concerns the long - term rate of conventional oil (and other fossil fuel) extraction and depletion. It predicts that future world oil production will soon reach a peak and then rapidly decline.
greenhouse effect
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
proven reserve
non-point source pollution
48. The amount of sugar that the plants produce in photosynthesis and subtracting from it the amount of energy the plants need for growth maintenance - repair - and reproduction.
overgrazed
Gross Primary Productivity
topsoil
demographic transition model
49. The random fluctuations in the frequency of the appearance of a gene in a small isolated population - presumably owing to chance - rather than natural selection.
subduction zone
selective cutting
habitat fragmentation
genetic drift
50. Acid rain - acid hail - acid snow; all of which occur as a result of pollution in the atmosphere.
B layer
terracing
habitat
acid precipitation