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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Close - prolonged associations between two or more different organisms of different species that may - but do not necessarily benefit the members.
decomposer
symbiotic relationships
ozone holes
ecological succession
2. The condition in which - at ecosystem boundaries - there is greater species diversity and biological density than there is in the heart of ecological communities.
consumer
chemotroph (chemoautotroph)
by-catch
edge effect
3. When populations are well below the size dictated by the carrying capacity of the region they live in - they will grow exponentially - but as they approach the carrying capacity - their growth rate will decrease and the size of the population will ev
arable
inner core
logistic population growth
heterotrophy
4. An influential theory that concerns the long - term rate of conventional oil (and other fossil fuel) extraction and depletion. It predicts that future world oil production will soon reach a peak and then rapidly decline.
niche
renewable resources
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
deep well injection
5. The fraction of solar energy that is reflected back into space.
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
shelter-wood cutting
indigenous species
albedo
6. The practice of alternating the crops grown on a piece of land - for example - corn one year - legumes for two years - and then back to corn.
consumer
silt
transpiration
crop rotation
7. When materials - such as plastic or aluminum - are used to rebuild the same product. An example of this is the use of the aluminum from aluminum cans to produce more aluminum cans.
non-point source pollution
closed-loop recycling
red tide
combustion
8. The rocks and Earth that is removed when mining for a commercially valuable mineral resource.
disease
weather
shelter-wood cutting
overburden
9. The industry or occupation devoted to the catching - processing - or selling of fish - shellfish - or other aquatic animals.
fishery
strip mining
death rate (crude death rate)
photochemical smog
10. The act or process of transpiring - or releasing water vapor - especially through the stomata of plant tissue or the pores of the skin.
ecosystem capital
energy pyramid
secondary pollutants
transpiration
11. Is the practice of planting bands of different crops across a hillside.
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
second growth forests
bottom trawling
renewable resources
12. Says that the entropy (disorder) of the universe is increasing. One corollary of the Second Law of thermodynamics is the concept that - in most energy transformations - a significant fraction of energy is lost to the universe as heat.
mineral deposit
Second Law of Thermodynamics
albedo
El Nino
13. The removal of all of the trees in an area.
dose-response curve
Hadley cell
global warming
clear-cutting
14. Any compound that releases hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. Also - a water solution that contains a surplus of hydrogen ions.
acid
ecological succession
fly ash
selective cutting
15. The management or regulation of a resource so that its use does not exceed the capacity of the resource to regenerate itself.
trophic level
mantle
pathogens
conservation
16. A high-speed - meandering wind current - generally moving from a westerly direction at speeds often exceeding 400 km (250 miles) per hour at altitudes of 15 to 25 km (10 to 15 miles).
jet stream
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program
biosphere
Southern Oscillation
17. Fish farming in which fish are caught in the wild and not raised in captivity for consumption.
capture fisheries
wetlands
Uneven-aged management
overburden
18. Any substance that has an LD50 - of 50 mg or less per kg of body weight.
tropospheric ozone
genetic drift
water-scarce
poison
19. Drilling a hole in the ground that's below the water table to hold waste.
high-level radioactive waste
proven reserve
water-stressed
deep well injection
20. Organisms in the first stages of succession.
pioneer species
energy pyramid
chronic effect
detritivore
21. An organism that obtains organic food molecules without eating other organisms or substances derived from other organisms. autotrophs use energy from the sun or from the oxidation of inorganic substances to make organic molecules from inorganic ones.
autotroph
Green Revolution
land degradation
Horizon
22. When trees and crops are planted together - creating a mutualistic symbiotic relationship between them.
agroforestry
vector
delta
sludge
23. When each family in a community grows crops for themselves and rely on animal and human labor to plant and harvest crops.
lignite
global warming
traditional subsistence agriculture
trophic level
24. The process in which soil bacteria convert ammonium (NH4+) to a form that can be used by plants; nitrate - or NO3.
climax community
nitrification
chemotroph (chemoautotroph)
bituminous
25. The part of the Earth and its atmosphere in which living organisms exist or that is capable of supporting life.
biosphere
gray smog (industrial smog)
lignite
monoculture
26. The form petroleum takes when in the ground.
evolution
crude oil
scrubbers
decomposer
27. When the size of an organism's natural habitat is reduced - or when development occurs that isolates a habitat.
clear-cutting
malnutrition
bottom trawling
habitat fragmentation
28. The day-to-day use of environmental resources as food - clothing - and housing.
natural resources
radiant energy
consumption
barrier island
29. The cleanest-burning coal; almost pure carbon.
energy pyramid
food web
primary treatment
anthracite
30. Using strategies to reduce the amount of risk (the degree of likelihood that a person will become ill upon exposure to a toxin or pathogen).
extinction
mineral deposit
poison
risk management
31. Organisms that are capable of interbreeding with one another and incapable of breeding with other species.
species
sick building syndrome
crude oil
heat islands
32. The number of live births per 1 -000 members of the population in a year.
birth rate (crude birth rate)
risk assessment
consumption
deep well injection
33. Smog resulting from emissions from industry and other sources of gases produced by the burning of fossil fuels.
tailings
industrial smog (gray smog)
photochemical smog
k-selected
34. When photochemical smog - NOx compounds - VOCs - and ozone combine to form smog with a brownish hue.
trophic level
selective cutting
photochemical smog
overgrazed
35. A platinum - coated device that oxidizes most of the VOCs and some of the CO that would otherwise be emitted in exhaust - converting them to CO2.
catalytic converter
carrying capacity
abiotic
natural resources
36. The water from which a river rises; a source.
agroforestry
building-related illness
Headwaters
sludge
37. Devices containing alkaline substances that precipitate out much of the sulfur dioxide from industrial plants.
scrubbers
aquifer
competitive exclusion
photochemical smog
38. Countries that have a renewable annual water supply of less than 1 -000 m3 per person.
water-scarce
Uneven-aged management
pathogens
secondary consumers
39. A region of the ocean near the equator - characterized by calms - light winds - or squalls.
doldrums
primary succession
sludge
chemical weathering
40. When grass is consumed by animals at a faster rate than it can regrow.
sand
Horizon
overgrazed
water-scarce
41. Smog resulting from emissions from industry and other sources of gases produced by the burning of fossil fuels - especially coal.
pioneer species
biotic potential
preservation
gray smog (industrial smog)
42. An organism that is capable of converting radiant energy or chemical energy into carbohydrates.
clear-cutting
net Primary Productivity (NPP)
producer
fossil fuel
43. Change in the genetic composition of a population during successive generations as a result of natural selection acting on the genetic variation among individuals and resulting in the development of new species.
k-selected
passive solar energy collection
evolution
physical treatmen
44. Power generated using water.
shelter-wood cutting
chronic effect
proven reserve
hydroelectric power
45. Biotic and abiotic natural ecosystems.
agroforestry
potential energy
jet stream
natural resources
46. A hydrocarbon that forms as sediments are buried and pressurized.
sick building syndrome
petroleum
catalytic converter
active collection
47. Also known as transform faults - boundaries at which plates are moving past each other - sideways.
silt
transform boundary
conservation
secondary pollutants
48. The result of vibrations (often due to plate movements) deep in the Earth that release energy. They often occur as two plates slide past one another at a transform boundary.
earthquake
kinetic energy
convection currents
shelter-wood cutting
49. Bacteria or fungi that absorb nutrients from nonliving organic matter like plant material - the wastes of living organisms - and corpses. They convert these materials into inorganic forms.
decomposer
peak oil (Hubbert peak)
nonrenewable resources
malnutrition
50. The conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into compounds - such as ammonia - by natural agencies or various industrial processes.
selective cutting
population
nitrogen fixation
greenhouse effect