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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The layer of the Earth between the crust and the core.
population density
pathogens
acute effect
mantle
2. An effect that results from long -term exposure to low levels of toxin.
primary succession
capture fisheries
bioaccumulation
chronic effect
3. A soil horizon - horizon C is made up of larger pieces of rock that have not undergone much weathering.
transform boundary
potential energy
pioneer species
C layer
4. When companies are allowed to buy permits that allow them a certain amount of discharge of substances into certain environmental outlets. If they can reduce their amount of discharge - they are allowed to sell the remaining portion of their permit to
market permits
La Nina
building-related illness
arable
5. Organisms that consume secondary consumers or other tertiary consumers.
building-related illness
tertiary consumers
contour farming
trade winds
6. The cleanest-burning coal; almost pure carbon.
lithosphere
anthracite
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
habitat fragmentation
7. When mature trees are cut over a period of time (usually10 -20 years); this leaves mature trees - which can reseed the forest - in place.
trophic level
green tax
shelter-wood cutting
hurricane (typhoon - cyclone)
8. Any water that has been used by humans. This includes human sewage - water drained from showers - tubs - sinks - dishwashers - washing machines - water from industrial processes - and storm water runoff.
R horizon
nonrenewable resources
wastewater
solid waste
9. The phenomenon whereby the Earth's atmosphere traps solar radiation - caused by the presence in the atmosphere of gases such as carbon dioxide - water vapor - and methane that allow incoming sunlight to pass through - but absorb heat radiated back fr
stationary sources
high-level radioactive waste
greenhouse effect
Aquaculture
10. The value of natural resources.
low-level radioactive waste
emigration
ecosystem capital
keystone species
11. Poor nutrition that results from an insufficient or poorly balanced diet.
radiant energy
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
solid waste
malnutrition
12. The low-rainfall region that exists on the leeward (downwind) side of a mountain range. This rain shadow is the result of the mountain range's causing precipitation on the windward side.
bioaccumulation
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
global warming
rain shadow
13. The amount that the population would grow if there were unlimited resources in its environment.
r-selected
biotic potential
nonrenewable resources
water-stressed
14. The effect caused by a short exposure to a high level of toxin.
acute effect
edge effect
primary pollutants
energy pyramid
15. A soil horizon; the layer below the O layer is called the A layer. The A layer is formed of weathered rock - with some organic material; often referred to as topsoil.
underground mining
Hadley cell
driftnets
A layer
16. The development and introduction of new varieties of (mainly) wheat and rice that has increased yields per acre dramatically in countries since the 1960s.
bottom trawling
Green Revolution
slash-and-burn
malnutrition
17. Pollution that does not have a specific point of release - open -loop recycling -when materials are reused to form new products.
non-point source pollution
consumer
mantle
detritivore
18. The conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into compounds - such as ammonia - by natural agencies or various industrial processes.
nitrogen fixation
age-structure pyramids
capture fisheries
First Law of Thermodynamics
19. An animal that only consumes other animals.
carnivore
deep well injection
tailings
physical treatmen
20. Also known as transform faults - boundaries at which plates are moving past each other - sideways.
transform boundary
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
arable
habitat
21. The outer part of the Earth - consisting of the crust and upper mantle - approximately 100 km (62 miles) thick.
ecosystem capital
lithosphere
photosynthesis
driftnets
22. A hydrocarbon that forms as sediments are buried and pressurized.
dose-response curve
petroleum
Hadley cell
anthracite
23. The form petroleum takes when in the ground.
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
overburden
crude oil
mutualism
24. Resources that are often formed by very slow geologic processes - so we consider them incapable of being regenerated within the realm of human existence.
slash-and-burn
lignite
nonrenewable resources
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program
25. A species whose very presence contributes to an ecosystem's diversity and whose extinction would consequently lead to the extinction of other forms of life.
overgrazed
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program
keystone species
Headwaters
26. Soil with particles 0.002 -0.05 mm in diameter.
driftnets
energy
k-selected
silt
27. The coarsest soil - with particles 0.05 -2.0 mm in diameter.
food chain
sand
surface fires
energy
28. The number of individuals of a population that inhabit a certain unit of land or water area.
sludge
volcanoes
population density
evolution
29. The more or less constant winds blowing in horizontal directions over the Earth's surface - as part of Hadley cells.
detritivore
fission
nonrenewable resources
trade winds
30. Change in the genetic composition of a population during successive generations as a result of natural selection acting on the genetic variation among individuals and resulting in the development of new species.
second growth forests
acid
evolution
gray smog (industrial smog)
31. A semiconductor device that converts the energy of sunlight into electric energy.
Uneven-aged management
O layer
photovoltaic cell (PV cell)
atmosphere
32. The dosage level of a toxin at which a negative effect occurs.
threshold dose
upwelling
proven reserve
overgrazed
33. The act or process of transpiring - or releasing water vapor - especially through the stomata of plant tissue or the pores of the skin.
trade winds
primary pollutants
carnivore
transpiration
34. The biological treatment of wastewater in order to continue to remove biodegradable waste.
bottom trawling
biological weathering
secondary treatment
convection currents
35. A bloom of dinoflagellates that causes reddish discoloration of coastal ocean waters. Certain dinoflagellates of the genus Gonyamfox produce toxins that kill fish and contaminate shellfish.
asthenosphere
red tide
wastewater
tropospheric ozone
36. Countries that have a renewable annual water supply of less than 1 -000 m3 per person.
topsoil
biotic potential
water-scarce
replacement birth rate
37. A plate boundary at which plates are moving away from each other. This causes an upwelling of magma from the mantle to cool and form new crust.
natural resources
overgrazed
divergent boundary
potential energy
38. The removal of all of the trees in an area.
weather
clear-cutting
clay
slash-and-burn
39. Creating flat platforms in the hillside that provide a level planting surface - which reduces soil runoff from the slope.
low-level radioactive waste
atmosphere
R horizon
terracing
40. A cyclonic storm having winds ranging from approximately 48 to 121 km (30 to 75 miles) per hour.
albedo
sludge
tropical storm
heat islands
41. Air currents caused by the vertical movement of air due to atmospheric heating and cooling.
convection currents
Headwaters
sludge
ecological succession
42. Acid rain - acid hail - acid snow; all of which occur as a result of pollution in the atmosphere.
scrubbers
primary treatment
law of conservation of matter
acid precipitation
43. The A layer of soil is often referred to as topsoil and is most important for plant growth.
fossil fuel
gray smog (industrial smog)
parasitism
topsoil
44. An intensification of the Greenhouse Effect due to the increased presence of heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere.
building-related illness
consumer
global warming
transform boundary
45. Areas where cutting has occurred and a new - younger forest has arisen.
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
second growth forests
upwelling
dose-response analysis
46. The result of chemical interaction with the bedrock that is typical of the action of both water and atmospheric gases.
First Law of Thermodynamics
transpiration
competitive exclusion
chemical weathering
47. The process that occurs when two different species in a region compete and the better adapted species wins.
abiotic
competitive exclusion
Headwaters
hazardous waste
48. The result of a pathogen invading a body.
Infection
solid waste
nonrenewable resources
weathering
49. The process of burning.
combustion
Aquaculture
fission
First Law of Thermodynamics
50. The solids that remain after the secondary treatment of sewage.
sludge
clear-cutting
fishery
secondary treatment