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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Environmental Science
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Subjects
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science
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A process in which an organism is exposed to a toxin at different concentrations - and the dosage that causes the death of the organism is recorded.
conservation
renewable resources
dose-response analysis
Hubbert peak (peak oil)
2. Using strategies to reduce the amount of risk (the degree of likelihood that a person will become ill upon exposure to a toxin or pathogen).
sludge processor
Green Revolution
denitrification
risk management
3. Countries that have a renewable annual water supply of less than 1 -000 m3 per person.
bituminous
transform boundary
drip irrigation
water-scarce
4. Is the practice of planting bands of different crops across a hillside.
primary succession
convection
intercropping (also called strip cropping)
catalytic converter
5. The amount of the Earth's surface that's necessary to supply the needs of - and dispose of the waste from a particular population.
second growth forests
proven reserve
ecological footprint
overgrazed
6. Also known as transform faults - boundaries at which plates are moving past each other - sideways.
prior appropriation
primary succession
heterotrophy
transform boundary
7. Gave the EPA power to set emission standards for major sources of noise - including transportation - machinery - and construction.
combustion
coral reef
U.S. Noise Control Act
secondary consumers
8. Calculating risk - or the degree of likelihood that a person will become ill upon exposure to a toxin or pathogen.
Uneven-aged management
risk assessment
symbiotic relationships
nonrenewable resources
9. The dark - crumbly - nutrient-rich material that results from the decomposition of organic material.
humus
weather
anthracite
malnutrition
10. The number of live births per 1 -000 members of the population in a year.
greenbelt
carrying capacity
anthracite
birth rate (crude birth rate)
11. When an area of vegetation is cut down and burned before being planted with crops.
food web
keystone species
slash-and-burn
by-catch
12. The process by which specialized bacteria (mostly anaerobic bacteria) convert ammonia to NOy NO2 - and N2 and release it back to the atmosphere.
contour farming
denitrification
food chain
physical treatmen
13. The removal of select trees in an area; this leaves the majority of the habitat in place and has less of an impact on the ecosystem.
clear-cutting
catalytic converter
arable
selective cutting
14. A soil horizon - horizon C is made up of larger pieces of rock that have not undergone much weathering.
C layer
risk management
k-selected
detritivore
15. A fishing technique in which the ocean floor is literally scraped by heavy nets that smash everything in their path.
bottom trawling
k-selected
physical (mechanical) weathering
ozone holes
16. Involves the sinking of shafts to reach underground deposits. In this type of mining - networks of tunnels are dug or blasted and humans enter these tunnels in order to manually retrieve the coal.
capture fisheries
realized niche
photochemical smog
underground mining
17. A program funded by the federal government and a trust that's funded by taxes on chemicals; identifies pollutants and cleans up hazardous waste sites.
overburden
niche
Superfund Program
ecological succession
18. A hydrocarbon that forms as sediments are buried and pressurized.
ecosystem capital
renewable resources
petroleum
shelter-wood cutting
19. When grass is consumed by animals at a faster rate than it can regrow.
subbituminous
overgrazed
greenbelt
consumption
20. The process in green plants and certain other organisms by which carbohydrates are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water using light as an energy source. Most forms of photosynthesis release oxygen as a byproduct.
carrying capacity
photosynthesis
risk management
law of conservation of matter
21. Bacteria or fungi that absorb nutrients from nonliving organic matter like plant material - the wastes of living organisms - and corpses. They convert these materials into inorganic forms.
logistic population growth
gray smog (industrial smog)
decomposer
tree farms
22. Fish farming in which fish are caught in the wild and not raised in captivity for consumption.
consumer
global warming
crude oil
capture fisheries
23. Bacteria - virus - or other microorganisms that can cause disease.
natural resources
pathogens
evolution
renewable resources
24. When trees and crops are planted together - creating a mutualistic symbiotic relationship between them.
anthracite
greenhouse effect
agroforestry
pathogens
25. The random fluctuations in the frequency of the appearance of a gene in a small isolated population - presumably owing to chance - rather than natural selection.
genetic drift
underground mining
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program
leachate
26. The process in which plants absorb ammonium (NH3) - ammonia ions (NH4+) - and nitrate ions (NO3) through their roots.
Headwaters
monoculture
population
assimilation
27. The finest soil - made up of particles that are less than 0.002 mm in diameter.
symbiotic relationships
clay
reservoir
deforestation
28. Creating flat platforms in the hillside that provide a level planting surface - which reduces soil runoff from the slope.
emigration
mutualism
terracing
traditional subsistence agriculture
29. The use of building materials - building placement - and design to passively collect solar energy that can be used to keep a building warm or cool.
wetlands
passive solar energy collection
toxin
nonrenewable resources
30. The uppermost horizon of soil. It is primarily made up of organic material - including waste from organisms - the bodies of decomposing organisms - and live organisms.
food chain
demographic transition model
weathering
O layer
31. The unit used to describe the volume of fossil fuels.
subbituminous
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) program
barrels
abiotic
32. Any weathering that's caused by the activities of living organisms.
demographic transition model
industrial smog (gray smog)
biological weathering
acid precipitation
33. When ecological succession begins in a virtually lifeless area - such as the area behind a moving glacier.
non-point source pollution
biotic
monoculture
primary succession
34. Change in the genetic composition of a population during successive generations as a result of natural selection acting on the genetic variation among individuals and resulting in the development of new species.
asthenosphere
evolution
passive solar energy collection
r-selected
35. An organism that must obtain food energy from secondary sources - for example - by eating plant or animal matter.
consumer
low-level radioactive waste
symbiotic relationships
nonrenewable resources
36. The accumulation of a substance - such as a toxic chemical - in various tissues of a living organism.
demographic transition model
selective cutting
bioaccumulation
inner core
37. An introduced - normative species.
bioaccumulation
prior appropriation
sludge
invasive species
38. When water rights are given to those who have historically used the water in a certain area.
prior appropriation
consumption
lignite
radiant energy
39. One that has never been cut; these forests have not been seriously disturbed for several hundred years.
biotic potential
old growth forest
long lining
evaporation
40. Ozone that exists in the trophosphere.
clay
global warming
realized niche
tropospheric ozone
41. Involves the removal of the Earth's surface all the way down to the level of the mineral seam.
gray smog (industrial smog)
primary treatment
biosphere
strip mining
42. A usually triangular alluvial deposit at the mouth of a river.
active collection
delta
B layer
greenhouse effect
43. The amount of time it takes for half of a radioactive sample to disappear.
natural resources
deep well injection
fly ash
Half-life
44. The value of natural resources.
niche
ecosystem capital
riparian right
tertiary consumers
45. A symbiotic relationship in which one member is helped by the association and the other is harmed.
heat islands
deforestation
parasitism
water-stressed
46. The edges of tectonic plates.
plate boundaries
photosynthesis
reservoir
sick building syndrome
47. When companies are allowed to buy permits that allow them a certain amount of discharge of substances into certain environmental outlets. If they can reduce their amount of discharge - they are allowed to sell the remaining portion of their permit to
market permits
risk management
logistic population growth
divergent boundary
48. The process of soil particles being carried away by wind or water. Erosion moves the smaller particles first and hence degrades the soil to a coarser - sandier - stonier texture.
species
erosion
demographic transition model
greenbelt
49. A place where a large quantity of a resource sits for a long period of time.
strip mining
energy pyramid
biotic
reservoir
50. A nuclear reaction in which an atomic nucleus - especially a heavy nucleus such as an isotope of uranium - splits into fragments - usually two fragments of comparable mass - releasing from 100 million to several hundred million electron volts of ener
contour farming
evaporation
fission
producer
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