SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
AP Microeconomics
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
economics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A good for which higher income increases demand
Average Variable Cost (AVC)
Substitute Goods
Normal Goods
Price discrimination
2. Es = (%dQs) / (%dPrice)
Increasing Cost Industry
Complementary Goods
Price Elasticity of Supply
Cartel
3. Total product divided by labor employed. APL = TPL/L
Demand for Labor
Economic Profit
Average Product of Labor (APL)
Constant Returns to Scale
4. A period of time long enough to alter the plant size. New firms can enter the industry and existing firms can liquidate and exit
Long Run
Law of Increasing Costs
Law of Supply
Luxury
5. The difference between total revenue and total explicit and implicit costs
Income Effect
Private goods
Perfect competition
Economic Profit
6. A legal minimum price below which the product cannot be sold. If a floor is installed at some level above the equilibrium price - it creates a permanent surplus
Marginal tax rate
Economics
Price floor
Excise Tax
7. AFC = TFC/Q
Profit Maximizing Rule
Average Fixed Cost (AFC)
Free-Rider Problem
Price elasticity
8. A legal maximum price above which the product cannot be sold. If a floor is installed at some level above the equilibrium price - it creates a permanent shortage
Price Ceiling
Four-firm concentration ratio
Determinants of Supply
Economics
9. Goods that are both nonrival and nonexcludable. One person's consumption does not prevent another from also consuming that good and if it is provided to some - it is necessarily provided to all - even if they do not pay for that good
Monopolistic competition long-run equilibrium
Specialization
Public goods
Monopsonist
10. The most desirable alternative given up as the result of a decision
Price discrimination
Explicit costs
Opportunity Cost
Unit elastic demand
11. The firm hires the profit maximizing amount of a resource at the point where MRP = MRC
Unit elastic demand
Collusive oligopoly
Economic Growth
Profit Maximizing Resource Employment
12. Exists if a producer can produce a good at lower opportunity cost than all other producers
Diseconomies of Scale
Comparative Advantage
Monopsonist
Determinants of Demand
13. Ed = 0 - no response to price change
Demand for Labor
Negative externality
Implicit costs
Perfectly inelastic
14. The difference between the monopolistic competition output Qmc and the output at minimum ATC. Excess capacity is underused plant and equipment
Surplus
Perfectly competitive long-run equilibrium
Spillover costs
Excess Capacity
15. The price of a good measured in units of currency
Specialization
Absolute prices
Law of Increasing Costs
Price inelastic demand
16. Goods that are both rival and excludable. Only one person can consume the good at a time and consumers who do not pay for the good are excluded from consumption
Determinants of Labor Demand
Non-collusive oligopoly
Average Fixed Cost (AFC)
Private goods
17. Pmc < MR = MC and Pmc > minimum ATC so outcome is not efficient - but profit = 0.
Substitute Goods
Monopolistic competition long-run equilibrium
Luxury
Incidence of Tax
18. Costs that change with the level of output. If output is zero - so are TVCs.
Total variable costs (TVC)
Natural Monopoly
Explicit costs
Average Variable Cost (AVC)
19. Occurs when LRAC is constant over a variety of plant sizes
Constant Returns to Scale
Utility Maximizing Rule
Derived Demand
Public goods
20. A very diverse market structure characterized by a small number of interdependent large firms - producing a standardized or differentiated product in a market with a barrier to entry
Profit Maximizing Rule
Public goods
Incidence of Tax
Oligopoly
21. Demand for a resource like labor is derived from the demand for the goods produced by the resource
Derived Demand
Average Fixed Cost (AFC)
Price floor
Monopolistic competition long-run equilibrium
22. The output where ATC is minimized and economic profit is zero
Break-even Point
Comparative Advantage
Short run
Shutdown Point
23. Excess demand; a shortage exists at a market price when the quantity demanded exceeds the quantity supplied
Monopsonist
Economic Growth
Shortage
Necessity
24. The marginal utility from consumption of more and more of that item falls over time
Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility
Absolute prices
Monopoly long-run equilibrium
Total variable costs (TVC)
25. The change in quantity demanded resulting from a change in the price of one good relative to other goods
Dead Weight Loss
Absolute Advantage
Substitution Effect
Average Total Cost (ATC)
26. Indirect - non-purchased - or opportunity costs of resources provided by the entrepreneur
Average Product of Labor (APL)
Implicit costs
Absolute Advantage
Monopoly
27. Occurs when there is no more incentive for firms to enter or exit. P=MR=MC=ATC and profit = 0
Total Revenue Test
Oligopoly
Perfectly competitive long-run equilibrium
Unit elastic demand
28. Ed > 1 - meaning consumers are price sensitive
Price elastic demand
Subsidy
Luxury
Normal Profit
29. Total revenue rises with a price increase if demand is price inelastic and falls with a price increase if demand is price elastic
Productive Efficiency
Total Revenue Test
Law of Increasing Costs
Marginal Cost (MC)
30. A per unit tax on production results in a vertical shift in the supply curve by the amount of the tax
Excise Tax
Long Run
Total Fixed Costs (TFC)
Explicit costs
31. Consumer income - prices of substitute and complementary goods - consumer tastes and preferences - consumer speculation - and number of buyers in the market all influence demand
Determinants of Demand
Marginal Productivity Theory
Market Equilibrium
Average Total Cost (ATC)
32. Measures the value of what the next unit of a resource (e.g. - labor) brings to the firm. MRPL = MR x MPL. In a perfectly competitive product market - MRPL = P x MPL. In a monopoly product market - MR < P so MRPm < MRPc.
Law of Increasing Costs
Marginal Revenue Product (MRP)
Normal Profit
Subsidy
33. Additional benefits to society not captured by the market demand curve from the production of a good - result in a price that is too high and a market quantity that is too low. Resources are underallocated to the production of this good
Fixed inputs
Marginal Resource Cost (MRC)
Determinants of elasticity
Spillover benefits
34. The difference between your willingness to pay and the price you actually pay. It is the area below the demand curve and above the price
Price discrimination
Price inelastic demand
Total Fixed Costs (TFC)
Consumer surplus
35. Production inputs that the firm can adjust in the short run to meet changes in demand for their output. Often this is labor and/or raw materials
Law of Increasing Costs
Price floor
Diseconomies of Scale
Variable inputs
36. Costs that do not vary with changes in short-run output. They must be paid even when output is zero.
Total Fixed Costs (TFC)
Long Run
Marginal Product of Labor (MPL)
Determinants of Demand
37. Substitutes - cost as percentage of income - and time to adjust to price changes all influence price elasticity
Market power
Determinants of elasticity
Price inelastic demand
Short run
38. The lost net benefit to society caused by a movement away from the competitive market equilibrium
Specialization
Dead Weight Loss
Marginal Productivity Theory
Least-Cost Rule
39. Labor demand for the firm is MRPL curve. The labor demanded for the entire market DL = ?MRPL of all firms
Demand for Labor
Total Product of Labor (TPL)
Consumer surplus
Spillover benefits
40. Another way of saying that firms are earning zero economic profits or a fair rate of return on invested resources
Marginal Benefit (MB)
Marginal Productivity Theory
Normal Profit
Productive Efficiency
41. The change in total product resulting from a change in the labor input. MPL = dTPL/dL - or the slope of total product
Derived Demand
Average Variable Cost (AVC)
Determinants of elasticity
Marginal Product of Labor (MPL)
42. Ed = 8 - infinite change in demand to price change
Decreasing Cost industry
Perfectly elastic
Luxury
Economic Growth
43. Ex -y = (%dQd good X) / (%d Price Y). If Ex -y > 0 - goods X and Y are substitutes. If Ex -y < 0 - goods X and Y are complementary
Unit elastic demand
Cross-Price Elasticity of Demand
Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility
Utility Maximizing Rule
44. The difference between the price received and the marginal cost of producing the good. It is the area above the supply curve and under the price
Income Elasticity
Producer surplus
Monopoly
Determinants of Demand
45. Holding all else equal - when the price of a good rises - suppliers increase their quantity supplied for that good
Surplus
Law of Supply
Decreasing Cost industry
Free-Rider Problem
46. Measures the cost the firm incurs from using an additional unit of input. In a perfectly competitive labor market - MRC = Wage. In a monopsony labor market - the MRC > Wage
Price Ceiling
Monopsonist
Producer surplus
Marginal Resource Cost (MRC)
47. ATC = TC/Q = AFC + AVC
Substitute Goods
Average Total Cost (ATC)
Short run
Monopoly long-run equilibrium
48. The change in quantity demanded that results from a change in the consumer's purchasing power (or real income)
Income Effect
Law of Demand
Complementary Goods
Subsidy
49. Holding all else equal - when the price of a good rises - consumers decrease their quantity demanded for that good
Non-collusive oligopoly
Substitution Effect
Average Variable Cost (AVC)
Law of Demand
50. Has opposite effect of an excise tax - as it lowers the marginal cost of production - forcing the supply curve down
Absolute prices
Income Effect
Surplus
Subsidy