SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
AP Microeconomics
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
economics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. For one good - constrained by prices and income - a consumer stops consuming a good when the price paid for the next unit is equal to the marginal benefit received
Marginal Resource Cost (MRC)
Private goods
Productive Efficiency
Constrained Utility Maximization
2. Ed = (%dQd)/(%dP). Ignore negative sign
Perfectly inelastic
Cross-Price Elasticity of Demand
Price elasticity
Total Fixed Costs (TFC)
3. A very diverse market structure characterized by a small number of interdependent large firms - producing a standardized or differentiated product in a market with a barrier to entry
Average Total Cost (ATC)
Total variable costs (TVC)
Oligopoly
Total Revenue Test
4. MUx / Px = MUy/Py or MUx/MUy = Px/Py
Price discrimination
Utility Maximizing Rule
Profit Maximizing Rule
Excess Capacity
5. Production of the combination of goods and services that provides the most net benefit to society. The optimal quantity of a good is achieved when the MB = MC of the next unit and only occurs at one point on the PPF
Allocative Efficiency
Explicit costs
Diseconomies of Scale
Subsidy
6. Exists when the production of a good creates utility for third parties not directly involved in the consumption of production of the good
Market power
Positive externality
Public goods
Market Economy (Capitalism)
7. Characterized by many small price-taking firms producing a standardized product in an industry in which there are no barriers to entry or exit
Comparative Advantage
Perfect competition
Constant cost industry
Shortage
8. The price of a good measured in units of currency
Incidence of Tax
Absolute prices
Normal Goods
Total Revenue Test
9. The proportion of the tax paid by the consumers in the form of a higher price for the taxed good is greater if demand for the good is inelastic and supply is elastic
Incidence of Tax
Natural Monopoly
Profit Maximizing Rule
Market Economy (Capitalism)
10. Models where firms are competitive rivals seeking to gain at the expense of their rivals
Dead Weight Loss
Non-collusive oligopoly
Variable inputs
Total Welfare
11. AFC = TFC/Q
Total Welfare
Resources
Average Fixed Cost (AFC)
Market power
12. Ei > 1
Luxury
Average Total Cost (ATC)
Profit Maximizing Resource Employment
Decreasing Cost industry
13. Models where firms agree to mutually improve their situation
Collusive oligopoly
Average Variable Cost (AVC)
Demand for Labor
Opportunity Cost
14. The difference between total revenue and total explicit costs
Accounting Profit
Law of Supply
Profit Maximizing Rule
Short run
15. Additional benefits to society not captured by the market demand curve from the production of a good - result in a price that is too high and a market quantity that is too low. Resources are underallocated to the production of this good
Average Total Cost (ATC)
Derived Demand
Spillover benefits
Market Equilibrium
16. Production of maximum output for a given level of technology and resources. All points on the PPF are productively efficient
Productive Efficiency
Total Welfare
Marginal Product of Labor (MPL)
Average Total Cost (ATC)
17. The lost net benefit to society caused by a movement away from the competitive market equilibrium
Law of Supply
Price Ceiling
Dead Weight Loss
Increasing Cost Industry
18. Entry of new firms shifts the cost curves for all firms downward
Income Elasticity
Excess Capacity
Decreasing Cost industry
Marginal Cost (MC)
19. Ed = 1
Unit elastic demand
Incidence of Tax
Public goods
Law of Increasing Costs
20. Production inputs that cannot be changed in the short run. Usually this is the plant size or capital
Monopoly long-run equilibrium
Cartel
Price Ceiling
Fixed inputs
21. Costs that do not vary with changes in short-run output. They must be paid even when output is zero.
Income Elasticity
Cross-Price Elasticity of Demand
Total Fixed Costs (TFC)
Shutdown Point
22. Goods that are both rival and excludable. Only one person can consume the good at a time and consumers who do not pay for the good are excluded from consumption
Private goods
Marginal Resource Cost (MRC)
Collusive oligopoly
Constant Returns to Scale
23. The combination of labor and capital that minimizes total costs for a given production rate. Hire L and K so that MPL / PL = MPK / PK or MPL/MPK = PL/PK
Allocative Efficiency
Relative Prices
Least-Cost Rule
Incidence of Tax
24. The difference between your willingness to pay and the price you actually pay. It is the area below the demand curve and above the price
Consumer surplus
Surplus
Total Revenue Test
Economies of Scale
25. Total product divided by labor employed. APL = TPL/L
Decreasing Cost industry
Average Product of Labor (APL)
Collusive oligopoly
Least-Cost Rule
26. The additional cost incurred from the consumption of the next unit of a good or a service
Allocative Efficiency
Marginal Cost (MC)
Shortage
Determinants of elasticity
27. Ex -y = (%dQd good X) / (%d Price Y). If Ex -y > 0 - goods X and Y are substitutes. If Ex -y < 0 - goods X and Y are complementary
Demand for Labor
Substitute Goods
Complementary Goods
Cross-Price Elasticity of Demand
28. In the case of a public good - some members of the community know that they can consume the public good while others provide for it. This results in a lack of private funding and forces the government to provide it
Inferior Goods
Free-Rider Problem
Normal Goods
Shutdown Point
29. Entry (or exit) of firms does not shift the cost curves of firms in the industry
Incidence of Tax
Specialization
Constant cost industry
Economic Profit
30. The rate paid on the last dollar earned. This is found by taking the ratio of the change in taxes divided by the change in income
Accounting Profit
Marginal tax rate
Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility
Productive Efficiency
31. Occurs when LRAC is constant over a variety of plant sizes
Perfectly elastic
Constant Returns to Scale
Unit elastic demand
Decreasing Cost industry
32. Exists at the point where the quantity supplied equals the quantity demanded
Determinants of elasticity
Determinants of Demand
Collusive oligopoly
Market Equilibrium
33. Total revenue rises with a price increase if demand is price inelastic and falls with a price increase if demand is price elastic
Profit Maximizing Rule
Marginal Revenue Product (MRP)
Total Revenue Test
Negative externality
34. Production inputs that the firm can adjust in the short run to meet changes in demand for their output. Often this is labor and/or raw materials
Complementary Goods
Total variable costs (TVC)
Variable inputs
Spillover costs
35. Exists when the production of a good imposes disutility upon third parties not directly involved in the consumption or production of the good
Total Product of Labor (TPL)
Perfectly competitive long-run equilibrium
Excess Capacity
Negative externality
36. The sum of consumer surplus and producer surplus
Perfect competition
Total Welfare
Perfectly competitive long-run equilibrium
Unit elastic demand
37. Factors of production - 4 categories: labor - physical capital - land/natural resources - and entrepreneurial ability
Resources
Monopolistic competition long-run equilibrium
Incidence of Tax
Price Ceiling
38. Es = (%dQs) / (%dPrice)
Fixed inputs
Price Elasticity of Supply
Complementary Goods
Cartel
39. Holding all else equal - when the price of a good rises - consumers decrease their quantity demanded for that good
Excess Capacity
Law of Demand
Private goods
Total Revenue
40. A good for which higher income increases demand
Marginal Analysis
Normal Goods
Constrained Utility Maximization
Long Run
41. The marginal utility from consumption of more and more of that item falls over time
Oligopoly
Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility
Consumer surplus
Price Ceiling
42. 0 < Ei < 1
Necessity
Monopoly
Economic Growth
Long Run
43. The difference between the price received and the marginal cost of producing the good. It is the area above the supply curve and under the price
Oligopoly
Producer surplus
Normal Goods
Total Product of Labor (TPL)
44. All firms maximize profit by producing where MR = MC
Profit Maximizing Rule
Negative externality
Economies of Scale
Total Product of Labor (TPL)
45. The change in total product resulting from a change in the labor input. MPL = dTPL/dL - or the slope of total product
Law of Demand
Marginal Product of Labor (MPL)
Average Variable Cost (AVC)
Oligopoly
46. Costs that change with the level of output. If output is zero - so are TVCs.
Comparative Advantage
Total variable costs (TVC)
Decreasing Cost industry
Price floor
47. Substitutes - cost as percentage of income - and time to adjust to price changes all influence price elasticity
Price Elasticity of Supply
Determinants of elasticity
Income Effect
Law of Supply
48. Direct - purchased - out-of-pocket costs paid to resource suppliers provided by the entrepreneur
Monopolistic competition
Explicit costs
Relative Prices
Public goods
49. The upward part of the LRAC curve where LRAC rises as plant size increases. This is usually the result of the increased difficulty of managing larger firms - which results in lost efficiency and rising per unit costs.
Average Fixed Cost (AFC)
Diseconomies of Scale
Marginal Product of Labor (MPL)
Short run
50. Goods that are both nonrival and nonexcludable. One person's consumption does not prevent another from also consuming that good and if it is provided to some - it is necessarily provided to all - even if they do not pay for that good
Public goods
Demand for Labor
Surplus
Perfectly inelastic