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AP Microeconomics

Subjects : economics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Goods that are both rival and excludable. Only one person can consume the good at a time and consumers who do not pay for the good are excluded from consumption






2. The sum of consumer surplus and producer surplus






3. The case where economies of scale are so extensive that it is less costly for one firm to supply the entire range of demand






4. A legal minimum price below which the product cannot be sold. If a floor is installed at some level above the equilibrium price - it creates a permanent surplus






5. Ed < 1






6. For one good - constrained by prices and income - a consumer stops consuming a good when the price paid for the next unit is equal to the marginal benefit received






7. Entry of new firms shifts the cost curves for all firms upward






8. The upward part of the LRAC curve where LRAC rises as plant size increases. This is usually the result of the increased difficulty of managing larger firms - which results in lost efficiency and rising per unit costs.






9. In the case of a public good - some members of the community know that they can consume the public good while others provide for it. This results in a lack of private funding and forces the government to provide it






10. Ex -y = (%dQd good X) / (%d Price Y). If Ex -y > 0 - goods X and Y are substitutes. If Ex -y < 0 - goods X and Y are complementary






11. A period of time too short to change the size of the plant - but many other - more variable resources can be changed to meet demand






12. Exists if a producer can produce a good at lower opportunity cost than all other producers






13. The change in total product resulting from a change in the labor input. MPL = dTPL/dL - or the slope of total product






14. The ability to set the price above the perfectly competitive level






15. The price of a good measured in units of currency






16. Two goods are consumer substitutes if they provide essentially the same utility to consumers






17. The study of how people - firms - and societies use their scarce productive resources to best satisfy their unlimited material wants.






18. Product demand - productivity - prices of other resources - and complementary resources






19. Production of the combination of goods and services that provides the most net benefit to society. The optimal quantity of a good is achieved when the MB = MC of the next unit and only occurs at one point on the PPF






20. A very diverse market structure characterized by a small number of interdependent large firms - producing a standardized or differentiated product in a market with a barrier to entry






21. The rate paid on the last dollar earned. This is found by taking the ratio of the change in taxes divided by the change in income






22. The firm hires the profit maximizing amount of a resource at the point where MRP = MRC






23. The output where ATC is minimized and economic profit is zero






24. Occurs when LRAC is constant over a variety of plant sizes






25. Exists if a producer can produce more of a good than all other producers






26. Goods that are both nonrival and nonexcludable. One person's consumption does not prevent another from also consuming that good and if it is provided to some - it is necessarily provided to all - even if they do not pay for that good






27. The output where AVC is minimized. If the price falls below this point - the firm chooses to shut down or produce zero units in the short run






28. Additional costs to society not captured by the market supply curve from the production of a good - result in a price that is too low and a market quantity that is too high. Resources are overallocated to the production of this good






29. AVC = TVC/Q






30. All firms maximize profit by producing where MR = MC






31. A group of firms that agree not to compete with each other on the basis of price - production - or other competitive dimensions. Cartel members operate as a monopolist to maximize their joint profits






32. The imbalance between limited productive resources and unlimited human wants






33. Models where firms are competitive rivals seeking to gain at the expense of their rivals






34. Holding all else equal - when the price of a good rises - suppliers increase their quantity supplied for that good






35. Measures the cost the firm incurs from using an additional unit of input. In a perfectly competitive labor market - MRC = Wage. In a monopsony labor market - the MRC > Wage






36. Two goods are consumer complements if they provide more utility when consumed together than when consumed separately






37. A good for which higher income increases demand






38. The proportion of the tax paid by the consumers in the form of a higher price for the taxed good is greater if demand for the good is inelastic and supply is elastic






39. Indirect - non-purchased - or opportunity costs of resources provided by the entrepreneur






40. Entry of new firms shifts the cost curves for all firms downward






41. Production of maximum output for a given level of technology and resources. All points on the PPF are productively efficient






42. A period of time long enough to alter the plant size. New firms can enter the industry and existing firms can liquidate and exit






43. The difference between the monopolistic competition output Qmc and the output at minimum ATC. Excess capacity is underused plant and equipment






44. Costs that change with the level of output. If output is zero - so are TVCs.






45. A per unit tax on production results in a vertical shift in the supply curve by the amount of the tax






46. A good for which higher income decreases demand






47. Consumer income - prices of substitute and complementary goods - consumer tastes and preferences - consumer speculation - and number of buyers in the market all influence demand






48. Exists when the production of a good creates utility for third parties not directly involved in the consumption of production of the good






49. Excess demand; a shortage exists at a market price when the quantity demanded exceeds the quantity supplied






50. Costs of inputs - technology and productivity - taxes/subsidies - producer speculation - price of other goods that could be produced - and number of sellers all influence supply