SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
AP Microeconomics
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
economics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Holding all else equal - when the price of a good rises - suppliers increase their quantity supplied for that good
Marginal Analysis
Constant Returns to Scale
Monopoly long-run equilibrium
Law of Supply
2. Demand for a resource like labor is derived from the demand for the goods produced by the resource
Subsidy
Determinants of Supply
Derived Demand
Demand for Labor
3. AFC = TFC/Q
Economics
Economic Growth
Average Fixed Cost (AFC)
Marginal Resource Cost (MRC)
4. Two goods are consumer substitutes if they provide essentially the same utility to consumers
Substitute Goods
Total Fixed Costs (TFC)
Cross-Price Elasticity of Demand
Marginal Analysis
5. Ed > 1 - meaning consumers are price sensitive
Derived Demand
Luxury
Shortage
Price elastic demand
6. For one good - constrained by prices and income - a consumer stops consuming a good when the price paid for the next unit is equal to the marginal benefit received
Explicit costs
Diseconomies of Scale
Monopoly
Constrained Utility Maximization
7. The additional benefit received from the consumption of the next unit of a good or service
Marginal Benefit (MB)
Profit Maximizing Resource Employment
Substitute Goods
Price Ceiling
8. The marginal utility from consumption of more and more of that item falls over time
Price discrimination
Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility
Least-Cost Rule
Specialization
9. Consumer income - prices of substitute and complementary goods - consumer tastes and preferences - consumer speculation - and number of buyers in the market all influence demand
Marginal Cost (MC)
Price elastic demand
Increasing Cost Industry
Determinants of Demand
10. The downward part of the LRAC curve where LRAC falls as plan size increases. This is the result of specialization - lower cost of inputs - or other efficiencies of larger scale.
Private goods
Resources
Market Economy (Capitalism)
Economies of Scale
11. The study of how people - firms - and societies use their scarce productive resources to best satisfy their unlimited material wants.
Luxury
Determinants of Labor Demand
Variable inputs
Economics
12. A legal maximum price above which the product cannot be sold. If a floor is installed at some level above the equilibrium price - it creates a permanent shortage
Average Fixed Cost (AFC)
Price elasticity
Price Ceiling
Non-collusive oligopoly
13. Total product divided by labor employed. APL = TPL/L
Break-even Point
Average Product of Labor (APL)
Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility
Spillover benefits
14. The proportion of the tax paid by the consumers in the form of a higher price for the taxed good is greater if demand for the good is inelastic and supply is elastic
Incidence of Tax
Normal Profit
Normal Goods
Law of Supply
15. MUx / Px = MUy/Py or MUx/MUy = Px/Py
Utility Maximizing Rule
Market Equilibrium
Demand for Labor
Perfectly elastic
16. Ed = 0 - no response to price change
Consumer surplus
Price elastic demand
Economies of Scale
Perfectly inelastic
17. The practice of selling essentially the same good to different groups of consumers at different prices
Free-Rider Problem
Perfect competition
Market Equilibrium
Price discrimination
18. The number of units of any other good Y that must be sacrificed to acquire good X. Only relative prices matter
Monopoly
Relative Prices
Natural Monopoly
Determinants of Labor Demand
19. A good for which higher income decreases demand
Substitute Goods
Inferior Goods
Cross-Price Elasticity of Demand
Least-Cost Rule
20. The difference between total revenue and total explicit and implicit costs
Economic Profit
Marginal Analysis
Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility
Average Fixed Cost (AFC)
21. Excess demand; a shortage exists at a market price when the quantity demanded exceeds the quantity supplied
Shortage
Non-collusive oligopoly
Short run
Determinants of Supply
22. Substitutes - cost as percentage of income - and time to adjust to price changes all influence price elasticity
Oligopoly
Cross-Price Elasticity of Demand
Determinants of elasticity
Producer surplus
23. The change in quantity demanded that results from a change in the consumer's purchasing power (or real income)
Marginal Benefit (MB)
Market Equilibrium
Income Effect
Perfectly inelastic
24. Ei > 1
Perfect competition
Luxury
Subsidy
Price Ceiling
25. 0 < Ei < 1
Specialization
Necessity
Oligopoly
Marginal Benefit (MB)
26. Factors of production - 4 categories: labor - physical capital - land/natural resources - and entrepreneurial ability
Resources
Unit elastic demand
Total Product of Labor (TPL)
Absolute Advantage
27. Ed < 1
Economic Growth
Perfectly inelastic
Price inelastic demand
Perfectly competitive long-run equilibrium
28. Pm > MR = MC - which is not allocatively efficient and dead weight loss exists. Pm > ATC - which is not productively efficient. Profit > 0 so consumer surplus is transferred to the monopolist as profit
Consumer surplus
Monopoly long-run equilibrium
Price Ceiling
Perfectly competitive long-run equilibrium
29. Costs that change with the level of output. If output is zero - so are TVCs.
Marginal Product of Labor (MPL)
Dead Weight Loss
Total variable costs (TVC)
Total Welfare
30. Es = (%dQs) / (%dPrice)
Market Economy (Capitalism)
Monopoly long-run equilibrium
Price Elasticity of Supply
Explicit costs
31. Measures the cost the firm incurs from using an additional unit of input. In a perfectly competitive labor market - MRC = Wage. In a monopsony labor market - the MRC > Wage
Profit Maximizing Rule
Monopoly
Average Variable Cost (AVC)
Marginal Resource Cost (MRC)
32. Production of the combination of goods and services that provides the most net benefit to society. The optimal quantity of a good is achieved when the MB = MC of the next unit and only occurs at one point on the PPF
Economic Profit
Collusive oligopoly
Allocative Efficiency
Marginal Cost (MC)
33. Ei = (%dQd good X)/(%d Income)
Price elasticity
Average Fixed Cost (AFC)
Derived Demand
Income Elasticity
34. The firm hires the profit maximizing amount of a resource at the point where MRP = MRC
Profit Maximizing Resource Employment
Total Welfare
Decreasing Cost industry
Substitution Effect
35. Another way of saying that firms are earning zero economic profits or a fair rate of return on invested resources
Derived Demand
Normal Profit
Excise Tax
Total variable costs (TVC)
36. The difference between the price received and the marginal cost of producing the good. It is the area above the supply curve and under the price
Price Ceiling
Shutdown Point
Producer surplus
Luxury
37. The price of a good measured in units of currency
Decreasing Cost industry
Absolute prices
Complementary Goods
Substitute Goods
38. The mechanism for combining production resources - with existing technology - into finished goods and services
Fixed inputs
Price Ceiling
Production function
Absolute prices
39. The combination of labor and capital that minimizes total costs for a given production rate. Hire L and K so that MPL / PL = MPK / PK or MPL/MPK = PL/PK
Determinants of Labor Demand
Marginal Resource Cost (MRC)
Monopolistic competition
Least-Cost Rule
40. The difference between your willingness to pay and the price you actually pay. It is the area below the demand curve and above the price
Subsidy
Consumer surplus
Collusive oligopoly
Marginal Productivity Theory
41. The difference between the monopolistic competition output Qmc and the output at minimum ATC. Excess capacity is underused plant and equipment
Dead Weight Loss
Excess Capacity
Cartel
Monopolistic competition long-run equilibrium
42. The difference between total revenue and total explicit costs
Incidence of Tax
Total Product of Labor (TPL)
Accounting Profit
Long Run
43. The philosophy that a citizen should receive a share of economic resources proportional to the marginal revenue product of his or her productivity
Marginal Productivity Theory
Marginal Product of Labor (MPL)
Non-collusive oligopoly
Perfectly inelastic
44. Models where firms are competitive rivals seeking to gain at the expense of their rivals
Average Total Cost (ATC)
Profit Maximizing Rule
Non-collusive oligopoly
Total variable costs (TVC)
45. Ed = 8 - infinite change in demand to price change
Dead Weight Loss
Price inelastic demand
Perfectly elastic
Average Fixed Cost (AFC)
46. Costs that do not vary with changes in short-run output. They must be paid even when output is zero.
Complementary Goods
Specialization
Total Fixed Costs (TFC)
Price Ceiling
47. Occurs when an economy's production possibilities increase. This can be a result of more resources - better resources - or improvements in technology.
Shutdown Point
Economic Growth
Long Run
Productive Efficiency
48. A measure of industry market power. Sum the market share of the four largest firms and a ratio above 40% is a good indicator of oligopoly
Four-firm concentration ratio
Necessity
Relative Prices
Variable inputs
49. Ex -y = (%dQd good X) / (%d Price Y). If Ex -y > 0 - goods X and Y are substitutes. If Ex -y < 0 - goods X and Y are complementary
Perfectly elastic
Cross-Price Elasticity of Demand
Total Revenue
Constant cost industry
50. The least competitive market structure - characterized by a single producer - with no close substitutes - barriers to entry - and price making power
Income Elasticity
Productive Efficiency
Monopoly
Oligopoly