SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
AP Microeconomics
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
economics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A group of firms that agree not to compete with each other on the basis of price - production - or other competitive dimensions. Cartel members operate as a monopolist to maximize their joint profits
Shortage
Cartel
Subsidy
Implicit costs
2. The case where economies of scale are so extensive that it is less costly for one firm to supply the entire range of demand
Constrained Utility Maximization
Price elasticity
Diseconomies of Scale
Natural Monopoly
3. A period of time too short to change the size of the plant - but many other - more variable resources can be changed to meet demand
Long Run
Negative externality
Positive externality
Short run
4. AFC = TFC/Q
Long Run
Average Fixed Cost (AFC)
Necessity
Average Product of Labor (APL)
5. The least competitive market structure - characterized by a single producer - with no close substitutes - barriers to entry - and price making power
Constant cost industry
Accounting Profit
Monopoly
Shortage
6. Exists if a producer can produce more of a good than all other producers
Absolute Advantage
Profit Maximizing Resource Employment
Marginal Resource Cost (MRC)
Marginal Benefit (MB)
7. The total quantity - or total output of a good produced at each quantity of labor employed
Total Product of Labor (TPL)
Income Elasticity
Least-Cost Rule
Perfect competition
8. The firm hires the profit maximizing amount of a resource at the point where MRP = MRC
Marginal Resource Cost (MRC)
Spillover costs
Determinants of Labor Demand
Profit Maximizing Resource Employment
9. The additional benefit received from the consumption of the next unit of a good or service
Marginal Benefit (MB)
Diseconomies of Scale
Income Elasticity
Relative Prices
10. The proportion of the tax paid by the consumers in the form of a higher price for the taxed good is greater if demand for the good is inelastic and supply is elastic
Necessity
Profit Maximizing Resource Employment
Incidence of Tax
Allocative Efficiency
11. Excess demand; a shortage exists at a market price when the quantity demanded exceeds the quantity supplied
Shortage
Surplus
Constant Returns to Scale
Price elasticity
12. Total revenue rises with a price increase if demand is price inelastic and falls with a price increase if demand is price elastic
Determinants of Supply
Inferior Goods
Total Revenue Test
Absolute prices
13. Occurs when there is no more incentive for firms to enter or exit. P=MR=MC=ATC and profit = 0
Perfectly competitive long-run equilibrium
Resources
Normal Goods
Price inelastic demand
14. The change in total product resulting from a change in the labor input. MPL = dTPL/dL - or the slope of total product
Marginal Product of Labor (MPL)
Relative Prices
Public goods
Law of Demand
15. Entry of new firms shifts the cost curves for all firms downward
Absolute prices
Necessity
Decreasing Cost industry
Marginal tax rate
16. A very diverse market structure characterized by a small number of interdependent large firms - producing a standardized or differentiated product in a market with a barrier to entry
Consumer surplus
Oligopoly
Resources
Allocative Efficiency
17. Ei = (%dQd good X)/(%d Income)
Diseconomies of Scale
Total Welfare
Income Elasticity
Spillover costs
18. A measure of industry market power. Sum the market share of the four largest firms and a ratio above 40% is a good indicator of oligopoly
Allocative Efficiency
Income Elasticity
Four-firm concentration ratio
Total Welfare
19. The difference between total revenue and total explicit costs
Normal Goods
Accounting Profit
Perfectly inelastic
Monopolistic competition
20. Production of the combination of goods and services that provides the most net benefit to society. The optimal quantity of a good is achieved when the MB = MC of the next unit and only occurs at one point on the PPF
Subsidy
Allocative Efficiency
Marginal Benefit (MB)
Economic Profit
21. Goods that are both rival and excludable. Only one person can consume the good at a time and consumers who do not pay for the good are excluded from consumption
Private goods
Productive Efficiency
Income Effect
Marginal Cost (MC)
22. The sum of consumer surplus and producer surplus
Substitution Effect
Price elastic demand
Economics
Total Welfare
23. Ed < 1
Four-firm concentration ratio
Price inelastic demand
Cartel
Determinants of elasticity
24. Production inputs that cannot be changed in the short run. Usually this is the plant size or capital
Absolute Advantage
Determinants of elasticity
Fixed inputs
Non-collusive oligopoly
25. Factors of production - 4 categories: labor - physical capital - land/natural resources - and entrepreneurial ability
Marginal Cost (MC)
Diseconomies of Scale
Resources
Increasing Cost Industry
26. The lost net benefit to society caused by a movement away from the competitive market equilibrium
Production function
Total variable costs (TVC)
Dead Weight Loss
Perfectly elastic
27. All firms maximize profit by producing where MR = MC
Consumer surplus
Shortage
Least-Cost Rule
Profit Maximizing Rule
28. ATC = TC/Q = AFC + AVC
Relative Prices
Average Total Cost (ATC)
Market Economy (Capitalism)
Marginal Revenue Product (MRP)
29. When firms focus their resources on production of goods for which they have comparative advantage
Natural Monopoly
Perfectly competitive long-run equilibrium
Average Total Cost (ATC)
Specialization
30. Two goods are consumer substitutes if they provide essentially the same utility to consumers
Inferior Goods
Four-firm concentration ratio
Resources
Substitute Goods
31. The difference between your willingness to pay and the price you actually pay. It is the area below the demand curve and above the price
Price discrimination
Monopsonist
Consumer surplus
Economic Growth
32. Holding all else equal - when the price of a good rises - suppliers increase their quantity supplied for that good
Monopoly long-run equilibrium
Long Run
Monopsonist
Law of Supply
33. A firm that has market power in the factor market (a wage-setter)
Unit elastic demand
Monopsonist
Private goods
Constant Returns to Scale
34. Models where firms are competitive rivals seeking to gain at the expense of their rivals
Normal Goods
Inferior Goods
Non-collusive oligopoly
Absolute Advantage
35. The rate paid on the last dollar earned. This is found by taking the ratio of the change in taxes divided by the change in income
Monopsonist
Marginal tax rate
Dead Weight Loss
Relative Prices
36. Ei > 1
Shutdown Point
Luxury
Constrained Utility Maximization
Cross-Price Elasticity of Demand
37. Production of maximum output for a given level of technology and resources. All points on the PPF are productively efficient
Price elastic demand
Average Product of Labor (APL)
Economies of Scale
Productive Efficiency
38. The rational decision maker chooses an action if MB = MC
Cartel
Absolute Advantage
Implicit costs
Marginal Analysis
39. Models where firms agree to mutually improve their situation
Collusive oligopoly
Least-Cost Rule
Shortage
Market Equilibrium
40. Entry (or exit) of firms does not shift the cost curves of firms in the industry
Negative externality
Constant cost industry
Determinants of elasticity
Marginal Revenue Product (MRP)
41. A per unit tax on production results in a vertical shift in the supply curve by the amount of the tax
Monopolistic competition
Four-firm concentration ratio
Average Variable Cost (AVC)
Excise Tax
42. Substitutes - cost as percentage of income - and time to adjust to price changes all influence price elasticity
Determinants of elasticity
Excise Tax
Utility Maximizing Rule
Resources
43. Total product divided by labor employed. APL = TPL/L
Break-even Point
Average Product of Labor (APL)
Positive externality
Market Economy (Capitalism)
44. Direct - purchased - out-of-pocket costs paid to resource suppliers provided by the entrepreneur
Allocative Efficiency
Total variable costs (TVC)
Explicit costs
Marginal tax rate
45. Consumer income - prices of substitute and complementary goods - consumer tastes and preferences - consumer speculation - and number of buyers in the market all influence demand
Law of Increasing Costs
Determinants of Demand
Monopolistic competition long-run equilibrium
Price Elasticity of Supply
46. The mechanism for combining production resources - with existing technology - into finished goods and services
Marginal Productivity Theory
Incidence of Tax
Marginal Analysis
Production function
47. Indirect - non-purchased - or opportunity costs of resources provided by the entrepreneur
Economics
Implicit costs
Increasing Cost Industry
Marginal Analysis
48. AVC = TVC/Q
Average Variable Cost (AVC)
Economies of Scale
Cross-Price Elasticity of Demand
Total variable costs (TVC)
49. The upward part of the LRAC curve where LRAC rises as plant size increases. This is usually the result of the increased difficulty of managing larger firms - which results in lost efficiency and rising per unit costs.
Diseconomies of Scale
Inferior Goods
Variable inputs
Monopoly
50. Ed = 0 - no response to price change
Average Variable Cost (AVC)
Price discrimination
Perfect competition
Perfectly inelastic