AP Physics

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What cause an electromagnetic wave - and what makes the wave propagate indefinitely even in a vacuum?
Potential energy stored in gravity (PE = mgh)
The interaction between an oscillating electric magnetic fields that are oriented 90° to each other. It propagates indefinitely because the wave takes its own medium.
The transfer of thermal energy
Dark in the middle and alternating light and dark spots after that.


2. What is the formula relating emf and voltage?
Parallel. Because the plates are shared.
When the body rests on a surface.
F=qE
V=E - IR V=terminal voltage (Volts) - E = emf: electromotiveforce (Volts) - IR = Internal drop in energy per charge (Volts)


3. When is the image negative for mirrors?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


4. Mathematically what does centripetal force represent and how is centripetal force calculated?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


5. How is a force's direction oriented compared to a bodies direction of motion to get a circular (curved) path of motion?
Lost kinetic energy is work. It is calculated from Fd or KE:final - KE:initial
The force is perpendicular to the motion to get a circular path of motion. (Think about centripetal force.)
E=V/d
Alpha


6. Under what conditions is heat positive?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


7. What is the horizontal acceleration of projectiles?
ZERO
m=(rho)V
E=hf=hc/(wavelength)
Dark in the middle and alternating light and dark spots after that.


8. S.I. unit of pressure
The centripetal acceleration points along the radius towards the center of the circle. (Just like the centripetal force.)
The release of a Helium nuclei - 4 -2 He2+
Concave
Pascal


9. What is force times the perpendicular distance?
It is the release of photoelectrons released by photons with an energy (E=hf) above the work function.
Torque
The refracted light ray is bent 90°. (Parallel to the interface surface.)
Break it up into x and y components using trig - add up the components.


10. What comprises alpha radiation?
The electric field forces charges to move.
Pgh ..thats ('rho')(gravity's acceleration)(height)
Sum of the torques equal zero.
The release of a Helium nuclei - 4 -2 He2+


11. How does thickness effect resistance?
The release of an electron and antineutrino or the release of a positron and a neutrino.
The thicker the wire - the lower the resistance.
frequency (Think of the color as not changing.)
When the body rests on a surface.


12. How much work is the work done on an object moving in a circle? Why?
Zero. Because the displacement is perpendicular to the force (centripetal force.)
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
Alpha - Beta - and Gamma
The incoming light (electromagnetic wave) has the same frequency as some of the electrons.


13. What is the 1st law of thermodynamics as applied to gases?
DU = Q+W ...dU:of the environment = Q:from the environment + W:by the environment
Only 1/2 a wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/2
KE = (3/2)kT
The measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules.


14. What equation describes the speed in the y-direction of a projectile 't' seconds after it started moving?
(1) Straight through the vertex. (2) Parallel then through the primary focus.
Vy=Vyo + gt ...Watch the signs.
The PVT conditions change for a gas without changing the temperature.
The nucleus


15. What shapes are converging lenses?
Lenses that are fatter in the middle than on the edges.
C=kEA/d: Increase the area of the plates - decrease the distance between the plates -and increase the dielectric constant between the plates.
V - a Joule/Coulomb
Alpha - Beta - and Gamma


16. What is internal energy?
The bending of light
2(pi)R/T ...Circumference/Period
The movement of charges is the current and it is measures by the number of charges per second at a point.
The motion of the molecules in gas.


17. What is the electric field's magnitude inside of a container made from an electrical INSULATOR?
Something other than zero.
KE = (3/2)kT
Impulse is the change in momentum
C=kEA/d: Increase the area of the plates - decrease the distance between the plates -and increase the dielectric constant between the plates.


18. How is the direction of the force on a current carrying wire calculated?
Open right hand rule
N•m
Work is the change in kinetic energy. Work transfers energy to and from a body
The bouncing of light


19. What forces charges to move?
The electric field forces charges to move.
A1v1=a2v2
The transfer of thermal energy
Impulse is (force)(time)


20. What is the derived equation for the electric field in terms of q and r^2 ?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


21. What is the law of reflection?
The Law of reflection states that the incident angle of a wave is equal to the reflected angle.
The charge on each capacitor.
F=kq1q2/R^2
When it is on the 'dark' side of the mirror. Opposite the light.


22. How length effect resistance?
The longer the length of wire - the higher the resistance.
How quickly you change velocity.
Zero. Because the displacement is perpendicular to the force (centripetal force.)
Kinetic energy is conserved for an elastic collision and not for an inelastic collision. ELASTIC: m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v1'+m1v2': INELASTIC: m1v1 + m2v2 = (m1+m1)v


23. When light travels from LESS dense to a MORE dense mediums - how does the refracted ray bend in relation to the normal line?
They fall - vertically - the by the same amount in the same time.
Lost kinetic energy is work. It is calculated from Fd or KE:final - KE:initial
frequency (Think of the color as not changing.)
the refracted ray bends TOWARDS the normal line.


24. What is the relationship that describes the rate that work is done - or that energy is used?
The longer the length of wire - the higher the resistance.
P=IV
Power ... Power equals the change in energy over time.
When the object is beyond the focus for a concave mirror.


25. Unit of energy for electricity.
Velocity has a direction and speed does not have direction.
kg•m/s
Gamma
V - a Joule/Coulomb


26. What force is always present - and what is its equation?
Tesla
Sum of the torques equal zero.
Sum of all the energy forms before a condition equals the sum of all the energy forms after the condition.
Weight ...w=mg


27. What quantity stays the same for resistors in series?
When the body rests on a surface.
Current stays the same for resistors in series.
The engine's efficiency is 1-Tc/Th. It is defined by the temperature's in the reservoirs and not the thermal energy flowing from them.
the refracted ray bends AWAY from the normal line.


28. What is the difference between elastic and inelastic collisions? State the relevant equations for each.

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


29. Under what conditions is work by a system ( gas) positive?
Speed ups
Something other than zero.
Work by a system is positive when the gas expands. (The volume increases.)
Potential energy stored in gravity (PE = mgh)


30. What is half life?
The particle travels in a circle. Radius=momentum/qB
system is the gas being studied. Environment is the surroundings outside the gas.
Work of a system is equal to 1-Qc/Qh
It is the time for 1/2 a substance to decay by radioactive processes.


31. What equation describes the speed in the x-direction of a projectile 't' seconds after it started moving?
Impulse
Broad bright spot in the middle and alternating dark and light spots to the sides.
The charge on each capacitor.
Vx=(Vxo)t ...Recall that there is no acceleration in the horizontal direction.


32. How does the closed right hand rule work in electromagnetic induction?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


33. What is meant by the terms system and environment?
Bernoulli's equation - Flow Rate = Volume/time
system is the gas being studied. Environment is the surroundings outside the gas.
wave speed = (wavelength)(frequency)
The centripetal acceleration points along the radius towards the center of the circle. (Just like the centripetal force.)


34. What is an isotope?
V=Vo + at ...The word 'dropped' means no initial velocity.
No image.
Bernoulli's equation - Flow Rate = Volume/time
Same number of protons by a different number of neutrons. e.g. Carbon-12 versus Carbon-14


35. Buoyancy
The Law of reflection states that the incident angle of a wave is equal to the reflected angle.
Joule
How quickly you change velocity.
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.


36. How are velocity and speed different?
The body is moving at a constant velocity
Velocity has a direction and speed does not have direction.
Work done 'BY' the gas.
The graph of force vs displacement


37. Which kind of mirror can show a real image?
F=qE
Concave
E=V/d
W=qV


38. In a pendulum or spring - what are the displacement - velocity - PE and KE at the equilibrium position?
Open right hand rule
It is the release of photoelectrons released by photons with an energy (E=hf) above the work function.
It is used in Lenz's Law to determine the change in flux of a conductor.
Displacement is zero because it is measured from equilibrium position. KE and velocity are at a maximum and it is the lowest point so PE due to gravity is at zero.


39. Under what conditions is mechanical work positive?
The CHANGE in velocity.
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
G(M:earth)/r^2 ...force of gravity = G(M:earth)(M:body)/r^2
They fall - vertically - the by the same amount in the same time.


40. If you double the mass of one planet - triple the mass of another - and move them twice as far apart - what happens to the force of attraction between them?
Weight ...w=mg
When the body rests on a surface.
x=Vo + ((1/2)g)sin(angle)t^2
The new force is 2/4 or 1/2 times the old force. ...Because the force of gravity varies directly with the masses and inverse squared to the distance apart.


41. In electrostatics - what takes the place of m and g in the formulae?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


42. How is sum of force (net force) depicted in a free body diagram?
It is an arrow that DOES NOT touch the body. Recall that the net force is the answer when all the forces are added up.
Parallel. Because the plates are shared.
Heat - (the 'Q' variable) - is NEGATIVE when thermal energy is being REMOVED from a system.
The bending of light


43. What equation describes the distance that a horizontally launched projectile falls t seconds after it started moving?
Initial velocity
x=(1/2)at^2 Remember - the word 'dropped' implies no initial velocity.
x=(1/2)at^2 ...Horizontal velocity does not affect the time of fall.
The thicker the wire - the lower the resistance.


44. S.I. unit of power
Work is the change in kinetic energy. Work transfers energy to and from a body
Watt
P=IV
(1) Straight through the vertex. (2) Parallel then through the primary focus.


45. What is the Bohr Model of the atom?
That the orbits of the electrons are like planets around the Sun.
The graph of force vs displacement
W=qV
It is when a nucleon changes properties. Like a neutron changing into a proton.


46. Define mass in terms of density.
Ohm's Law: V=IR
Work by a system is positive when the gas expands. (The volume increases.)
m=(rho)V
The release of an electron and antineutrino or the release of a positron and a neutrino.


47. What kind of image do you get when the object is placed at the focus?
ZERO. Because the force is perpendicular to the displacement . (Open right hand rule.)
F=Bilsin(theta) ...F=Force (N) - B:=magnetic field (T) - i=current (A) - l=length of wire in the field (m) - theta is the acute angle between the field and current's directions.
No image.
The force is perpendicular to the motion. This always results in a curved path. (Open right hand rule)


48. Which type of radiation has the highest energy?
Pgh ..thats ('rho')(gravity's acceleration)(height)
A change in the gas' temperature.
W=qV
Gamma


49. What is the second law of thermodynamics?
Speed ups
E=hf=hc/(wavelength)
Statistically speaking - energy flows from hot to cold.
E=kq/r^2 This is the electric field's magnitude at a point in space.


50. Energy of a SINGLE photon
C=kEA/d: Increase the area of the plates - decrease the distance between the plates -and increase the dielectric constant between the plates.
A change in the gas' temperature.
E=hf
Kinetic energy is conserved for an elastic collision and not for an inelastic collision. ELASTIC: m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v1'+m1v2': INELASTIC: m1v1 + m2v2 = (m1+m1)v