AP Physics

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What happens at the critical angle?
The electron
The refracted light ray is bent 90°. (Parallel to the interface surface.)
Work is the change in kinetic energy. Work transfers energy to and from a body
Obstacles in the path of the flow of charges.


2. Formula for work by a car that changes speed on a horizontal road.
W = KE:final - KE:initial
The release of a Helium nuclei - 4 -2 He2+
The work function is a minimum amount of energy needed to release a photon from a collection in the surface of a material. The ionization energy is the energy needed to release an electron from a single - free-floating - molecule. the ionization ener
E=hf


3. What kind of capacitor circuit adds to find the total capacitance?
'm' is replaced by 'q -' and 'g' is replaced by 'E.' W=mg is replaced by F=qE. The second formula describes the force on a charged particle in uniform electric field.
Open right hand rule
Parallel. Because the plates are shared.
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.


4. How length effect resistance?
(1) Straight through the vertex. (2) Parallel then through the primary focus.
The longer the length of wire - the higher the resistance.
Electromagnetic wave exits the electrons to a higher orbital. When the electron relaxes - a wavelength of light is given off.
(1) Bounced off the vertex. (2) Parallel the through the focus. (3) Through the focus and parallel.


5. What is the derived equation for the electric field in terms of q and r^2 ?

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6. What quantity ADDS for resistors in series?
According to Coulomb's Law - the new force is 6/4 times the old charge.
Impulse is (force)(time)
The release of a particle or photon from an UNSTABLE nucleus.
Resistance: R=R1+R2+R3+...


7. Which kind of mirror cannot magnify an image?
(1) Bounced off the vertex. (2) Parallel the through the focus. (3) Through the focus and parallel.
Vx=(Vxo)t ...Recall that there is no acceleration in the horizontal direction.
Joule
Convex


8. What is the y intercept of the velocity time graph?
The body is moving at a constant velocity
C=kEA/d: Increase the area of the plates - decrease the distance between the plates -and increase the dielectric constant between the plates.
The initial velocity - (Vo in the formulas)
Work is the change in kinetic energy. Work transfers energy to and from a body


9. How can total momentum be calculated?
x=(1/2)at^2 ...Horizontal velocity does not affect the time of fall.
Atmospheric pressure
Adding the momentum of all the bodies.
The initial velocity - (Vo in the formulas)


10. What is half life?
A change in the gas' temperature.
convex mirrors are diverging mirrors.
Every point on a wave front is a secondary source.
It is the time for 1/2 a substance to decay by radioactive processes.


11. What comprises alpha radiation?
The longer the length of wire - the higher the resistance.
Joule
The release of a Helium nuclei - 4 -2 He2+
The volume under water


12. S.I. unit of flux
It is towards the center and downwards a little. It is the sum of the normal force perpendicular to the bowl and the weight downwards.
Weber
The bouncing of light
E=hf=hc/(wavelength)


13. Under what conditions is heat negative?

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14. In uniform circular motion - how is tangential velocity calculated?
2(pi)R/T ...Circumference/Period
E=hf ...E=energy of a single photon (J) - h = Plank's constant - f=frequency (Hz)
Atomic mass number minus atomic number.
Parallel. Because the plates are shared.


15. Buoyancy
A potential difference and a flow and energized charges.
E=hf=hc/(wavelength)
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.
Speed ups


16. In a pendulum or spring - what are the displacement - velocity - PE and KE at the equilibrium position?
Potential difference is the change in energy of a charged particle divided by its charge.
Displacement is zero because it is measured from equilibrium position. KE and velocity are at a maximum and it is the lowest point so PE due to gravity is at zero.
When a body is moving at a constant velocity or not moving at all.
No image.


17. What is the strong force?
When the object is beyond the focus for a concave mirror.
THe force that holds the nucleus together.
According to Coulomb's Law - the new force is 6/4 times the old charge.
Atomic number is the number of protons. Atomic mass number is the number of nucleons - (protons and neutrons.)


18. What stays the same for resistors or capacitors in parallel?
Change in voltage across the resistor or capacitor.
(1) Bounced off the vertex. (2) Parallel the through the focus. (3) Through the focus and parallel.
Atomic mass number minus atomic number.
C=kEA/d: Increase the area of the plates - decrease the distance between the plates -and increase the dielectric constant between the plates.


19. What equation describes the speed in the x-direction of a projectile 't' seconds after it started moving?
E=V/d
The interaction between an oscillating electric magnetic fields that are oriented 90° to each other. It propagates indefinitely because the wave takes its own medium.
Vx=(Vxo)t ...Recall that there is no acceleration in the horizontal direction.
Bends waves around small objects and the interference of waves from a coherent sources.


20. What is the area under any PV curve?

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21. What is an object placed when the distance between it and the mirror is positive?
Vy=Vyo + gt ...Watch the signs.
Newton
THe force that holds the nucleus together.
In front of the mirror - in the light.


22. What is the binding energy?
When it is on the 'dark' side of the mirror. Opposite the light.
The energy required to remove an electron or nucleon from a molecule.
It is when a nucleon changes properties. Like a neutron changing into a proton.
It is towards the center and downwards a little. It is the sum of the normal force perpendicular to the bowl and the weight downwards.


23. This is the gauge pressure when under water.
x=(1/2)at^2 ...Horizontal velocity does not affect the time of fall.
It is the net force pointing towards the center.
The higher the temperature the higher the resistance. They are proportional to each other.
(rho)gh


24. In electrostatics - what takes the place of m and g in the formulae?

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25. Define mass in terms of density.
Sum of the torques equal zero.
The work function is a minimum amount of energy needed to release a photon from a collection in the surface of a material. The ionization energy is the energy needed to release an electron from a single - free-floating - molecule. the ionization ener
m=(rho)V
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.


26. Formula for the potential difference of a point charge as compared to infinity.
V=kq/R
Change in voltage across the resistor or capacitor.
N/C
The release of an electron and antineutrino or the release of a positron and a neutrino.


27. The 'V' is (rho)Vg
The thicker the wire - the lower the resistance.
The force is perpendicular to the motion to get a circular path of motion. (Think about centripetal force.)
The volume under water
Speed ups


28. What quantity is calculated from slope of the displacement versus time graph?
velocity
Moment arm
The velocity is positive
Concave mirrors are converging mirrors.


29. S.I. unit of centripetal force
When a body is moving at a constant velocity or not moving at all.
It is towards the center and downwards a little. It is the sum of the normal force perpendicular to the bowl and the weight downwards.
Newton
(mg)sin(angle)


30. What causes radioactivity?
The movement of charges is the current and it is measures by the number of charges per second at a point.
Pendulums depend on the length of the arm and the pull of gravity. springs depend on mass and the spring constant.
The release of a particle or photon from an UNSTABLE nucleus.
That the orbits of the electrons are like planets around the Sun.


31. What is the second law of thermodynamics?
KE=Work
DU = Q+W ...dU:of the environment = Q:from the environment + W:by the environment
V=kq/R
Statistically speaking - energy flows from hot to cold.


32. How can you tell when an engine is a Carnot Engine?

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33. What does the pattern look like in a Young's Double Slit diffraction pattern?
Alpha
Break it up into x and y components using trig - add up the components.
Dark in the middle and alternating light and dark spots after that.
Pgh ..thats ('rho')(gravity's acceleration)(height)


34. What is the energy equation if you see a height difference between two points in the problem?
Parallel. Because the plates are shared.
F=Bilsin(theta) ...F=Force (N) - B:=magnetic field (T) - i=current (A) - l=length of wire in the field (m) - theta is the acute angle between the field and current's directions.
Potential energy stored in gravity (PE = mgh)
Lost kinetic energy is work. It is calculated from Fd or KE:final - KE:initial


35. Mathematically what does centripetal force represent and how is centripetal force calculated?

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36. How is tube length and wavelength related for a tube that is closed on ONE end?
The electric field forces charges to move.
Only 1/4 wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/4
According to Coulomb's Law - the new force is 6/4 times the old charge.
F=qE


37. S.I. Unit of electric force
Speed ups
Newton
N•m
Work is the change in kinetic energy. Work transfers energy to and from a body


38. What does the term potential difference mean?
Work by a system is positive when the gas expands. (The volume increases.)
Light must travel from more to less dense so the refracted ray can bend away from the normal.
Potential difference is the change in energy of a charged particle divided by its charge.
The nucleus


39. Which kind of mirror always has a virtual image?
Adding the momentum of all the bodies.
The centripetal acceleration points along the radius towards the center of the circle. (Just like the centripetal force.)
Convex
m=(rho)V


40. What is the energy equation for the change in temperature if it results from a loss in KE?

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41. What is meant by the terms system and environment?
Break it up into x and y components using trig - add up the components.
Gamma
The release of an electron and antineutrino or the release of a positron and a neutrino.
system is the gas being studied. Environment is the surroundings outside the gas.


42. What is the electric field's magnitude inside of a container made from an electrical CONDUCTOR?
Zero.
The release of an electron and antineutrino or the release of a positron and a neutrino.
Newton
The electric field forces charges to move.


43. How is tube length and wavelength related for a tube that is opened on both ends?
The release of an electron and antineutrino or the release of a positron and a neutrino.
How quickly you change velocity.
Only 1/2 a wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/2
Velocity has a direction and speed does not have direction.


44. When is sum of force (net force) NOT zero?

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45. What is the relationship between speed - frequency - and wavelength?
Lenses that are fatter in the middle than on the edges.
wave speed = (wavelength)(frequency)
Electric potential is the potential energy associated with the electric force F=qE
(mg)sin(angle)


46. How is the direction of the force on a current carrying wire calculated?
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
It is an arrow that DOES NOT touch the body. Recall that the net force is the answer when all the forces are added up.
Open right hand rule
E=kq/r^2 This is the electric field's magnitude at a point in space.


47. Formula for work as a charged particle travels across two charged plates
W=qV
x=(1/2)at^2 ...Horizontal velocity does not affect the time of fall.
The movement of charges is the current and it is measures by the number of charges per second at a point.
wave speed = (wavelength)(frequency)


48. What is the horizontal acceleration of projectiles?
The light travels through the image.
ZERO
A motor uses energy to spin the coils in a magnetic field. A generator spins the coils to create an potential difference.
The initial velocity - (Vo in the formulas)


49. Formula for the electric force felt by a charged particle in an electric field.
F=qE
The engine's efficiency is 1-Tc/Th. It is defined by the temperature's in the reservoirs and not the thermal energy flowing from them.
Heat - (the 'Q' variable) - is NEGATIVE when thermal energy is being REMOVED from a system.
wave speed = (wavelength)(frequency)


50. What do you do with any vector that is not on either the x or y axis?
x=(1/2)at^2 ...Horizontal velocity does not affect the time of fall.
Lenses that are fatter in the middle than on the edges.
A1v1=a2v2
Break it up into x and y components using trig - add up the components.