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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Physics
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
,
physics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What is the potential energy of a charge in an electric field?
V=kq/R
The motion of the molecules in gas.
Electric potential is the potential energy associated with the electric force F=qE
Work is the change in kinetic energy. Work transfers energy to and from a body
2. State the significance of Young's Experiment.
The CHANGE in velocity.
Weber
g=zero so h=(Vyo)t
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.
3. When is the image negative for mirrors?
4. What conservation law dictates that the frequency of light cannot change as it travels between mediums?
Conservation of Energy ... because E=hf
When it is on the 'dark' side of the mirror. Opposite the light.
Dark in the middle and alternating light and dark spots after that.
The force is perpendicular to the motion to get a circular path of motion. (Think about centripetal force.)
5. What direction controls time in falling body and projectile motion problems?
The bending of light
The release of an electron and antineutrino or the release of a positron and a neutrino.
the refracted ray bends TOWARDS the normal line.
Vertical direction
6. What is the y intercept of the velocity time graph?
The release of an energetic photon from an overly excited molecule.
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
The initial velocity - (Vo in the formulas)
The engine's efficiency is 1-Tc/Th. It is defined by the temperature's in the reservoirs and not the thermal energy flowing from them.
7. What is the impact on the first law of thermodynamics for an isothermal process?
dU = zero. The change in temperature of the gas is zero.
kg•m/s
Tesla
Magnitude and direction
8. What are the two rules for ray tracing in lenses that work all the time?
That the orbits of the electrons are like planets around the Sun.
Weber
When the body rests on a surface.
(1) Straight through the vertex. (2) Parallel then through the primary focus.
9. Force in terms of pressure
The force is perpendicular to the motion to get a circular path of motion. (Think about centripetal force.)
Displacement is zero because it is measured from equilibrium position. KE and velocity are at a maximum and it is the lowest point so PE due to gravity is at zero.
The release of an energetic photon from an overly excited molecule.
Force= Pressure/Area
10. What is the general equation for motion down a slope and how does it change if the object is going up the slope?
The longer the length of wire - the higher the resistance.
Newton
E=hf
x=Vo + ((1/2)g)sin(angle)t^2
11. Describe the relationship between Qh - Qc - and W in a heat engine?
Ohm's Law: V=IR
V - a Joule/Coulomb
Work of a system is equal to 1-Qc/Qh
No image.
12. What is the difference between elastic and inelastic collisions? State the relevant equations for each.
13. What is the work done on a charged particle by the magnetic field? Why?
ZERO. Because the force is perpendicular to the displacement . (Open right hand rule.)
Impulse
V=kq/R
Work by a system is positive when the gas expands. (The volume increases.)
14. Electric force felt by a charge due to another charge.
The CHANGE in velocity.
Work
Bends waves around small objects and the interference of waves from a coherent sources.
F=kq1q2/R^2
15. Unit that means the same thing as Nm
A change in the gas' temperature.
E=kq/r^2 This is the electric field's magnitude at a point in space.
Joule
Converging lenses have a positive focal length.
16. What is the formula relating emf and voltage?
V=E - IR V=terminal voltage (Volts) - E = emf: electromotiveforce (Volts) - IR = Internal drop in energy per charge (Volts)
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
Current stays the same for resistors in series.
E=kq/R^2
17. What is the difference between a motor and a generator?
ZERO. Because the force is perpendicular to the displacement . (Open right hand rule.)
Joule
A motor uses energy to spin the coils in a magnetic field. A generator spins the coils to create an potential difference.
Magnitude and direction
18. What quantity ADDS for resistors in series?
Pgh ..thats ('rho')(gravity's acceleration)(height)
Resistance: R=R1+R2+R3+...
It is towards the center and downwards a little. It is the sum of the normal force perpendicular to the bowl and the weight downwards.
The body is moving at a constant velocity
19. Condition for no rotation
Vy=Vyo + gt ...Watch the signs.
Reflection is the bouncing of waves. Refraction is the bending of waves. Diffraction bends waves around small objects and causes interference from a coherent sources.
Impulse is the change in momentum
Sum of the torques equal zero.
20. This is used to determine the speed of a fluid when the pipe slopes up or down.
21. What is impulse?
The body is moving at a constant velocity
Convex
Potential difference is the change in energy of a charged particle divided by its charge.
Impulse is the change in momentum
22. What is ionization energy and how does it compare to the work function?
g=zero so h=(Vyo)t
The work function is a minimum amount of energy needed to release a photon from a collection in the surface of a material. The ionization energy is the energy needed to release an electron from a single - free-floating - molecule. the ionization ener
The centripetal force is the net force. It's magnitude is calculated from F=ma where 'a' is the centripetal force.
Work done 'BY' the gas.
23. What comprises alpha radiation?
Magnitude and direction
The centripetal force is the net force. It's magnitude is calculated from F=ma where 'a' is the centripetal force.
m=(rho)V
The release of a Helium nuclei - 4 -2 He2+
24. Under what conditions is work by a system ( gas) negative?
V=kq/R
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
Broad bright spot in the middle and alternating dark and light spots to the sides.
Work by a system is negative when the gas contracts. (The volume decreases.)
25. How is the centripetal force represented in a free body diagram?
V=E - IR V=terminal voltage (Volts) - E = emf: electromotiveforce (Volts) - IR = Internal drop in energy per charge (Volts)
A1v1=a2v2
It is the net force pointing towards the center.
When a body's speed is changing.
26. What did Thompson discover?
The electron
It is the release of photoelectrons released by photons with an energy (E=hf) above the work function.
(mg)sin(angle)
Displacement
27. What is the difference between reflection - refraction - and diffraction?
Pascal
Work by a system is negative when the gas contracts. (The volume decreases.)
the refracted ray bends TOWARDS the normal line.
Reflection is the bouncing of waves. Refraction is the bending of waves. Diffraction bends waves around small objects and causes interference from a coherent sources.
28. How is tube length and wavelength related for a tube that is closed on ONE end?
Tesla
Diverging
When the body rests on a surface.
Only 1/4 wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/4
29. Continuity equation
The nucleus
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt
The centripetal acceleration points along the radius towards the center of the circle. (Just like the centripetal force.)
A1v1=a2v2
30. How do you find the number of neutrons in an atom?
Alpha - Beta - and Gamma
the refracted ray bends AWAY from the normal line.
Atomic mass number minus atomic number.
The electric force (Coulomb's Law) can attract and repel and it depends on charge. Universal Gravity depends on mass and always attracts.
31. What is needed for electromagnetic induction to occur?
Work is the change in kinetic energy. Work transfers energy to and from a body
Concave mirrors are converging mirrors.
Electromagnetic induction occurs when a conductor is moved through a magnetic field such that a component of the fields is perpendicular to the current;s direction.
Heat - (the 'Q' variable) - is POSITIVE when thermal energy is being ADDED to a system.
32. What is an isothermal process - and what is its impact on the first law of thermodynamics?
Concave
Zero. Because the displacement is perpendicular to the force (centripetal force.)
F=Bilsin(theta) ...F=Force (N) - B:=magnetic field (T) - i=current (A) - l=length of wire in the field (m) - theta is the acute angle between the field and current's directions.
The PVT conditions change for a gas without changing the temperature.
33. Unit of electric field
Joule
N/C
No image.
Work of a system is equal to 1-Qc/Qh
34. What do you do with any vector that is not on either the x or y axis?
Obstacles in the path of the flow of charges.
The nucleus
Break it up into x and y components using trig - add up the components.
Power ... Power equals the change in energy over time.
35. What are the two forms of the ideal gas law?
Impulse is the change in momentum
PV=nRT and PV=kT
(Cross-sectional Area)(Velocity)
No image.
36. What is an isotope?
Same number of protons by a different number of neutrons. e.g. Carbon-12 versus Carbon-14
P=IV
Concave mirrors are converging mirrors.
Newton
37. S.I. unit of torque
Emf is the maximum available energy per charge at the terminal of a power source. Voltage is the actual available energy per charge at the terminals of a power source. Some energy is lost due to the source internal resistance.
N•m
Pgh ..thats ('rho')(gravity's acceleration)(height)
Heat - (the 'Q' variable) - is NEGATIVE when thermal energy is being REMOVED from a system.
38. What is the energy of a photon?
39. What is the derived equation for the ACCELERATION of gravity in terms of m and 'r' squared?
G(M:earth)/r^2 ...force of gravity = G(M:earth)(M:body)/r^2
Statistically speaking - energy flows from hot to cold.
E=hf ...E=energy of a single photon (J) - h = Plank's constant - f=frequency (Hz)
The incoming light (electromagnetic wave) has the same frequency as some of the electrons.
40. What is temperature?
The measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules.
It is an arrow that DOES NOT touch the body. Recall that the net force is the answer when all the forces are added up.
When it is on the same side as the image?
E=hf=hc/(wavelength)
41. What is the second law of thermodynamics?
W = KE:final - KE:initial
Torque
Statistically speaking - energy flows from hot to cold.
Resistance: R=R1+R2+R3+...
42. What forces charges to move?
Converging lenses have a positive focal length.
Vertical direction
The electric field forces charges to move.
Only 1/2 a wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/2
43. What is the law of reflection?
DU = Q+W ...dU:of the environment = Q:from the environment + W:by the environment
Convex
The Law of reflection states that the incident angle of a wave is equal to the reflected angle.
The charge on each capacitor.
44. Under what conditions is heat positive?
45. Gauge Pressure
46. Average kinetic energy of an ideal gas's SINGLE molecule.
When a body's speed is changing.
KE=Work
KE = (3/2)kT
THe force that holds the nucleus together.
47. Pressure of an open container at the opening.
Atmospheric pressure
V - a Joule/Coulomb
Change in voltage across the resistor or capacitor.
The bending of light
48. What is the area under the acceleration versus time graph?
The CHANGE in velocity.
The graph of force vs displacement
Joule
DU = Q+W ...dU:of the environment = Q:from the environment + W:by the environment
49. How does a wires composition effect resistance?
50. What quantity is calculated from slope of the displacement versus time graph?
convex mirrors are diverging mirrors.
Vy=Vyo + gt ...Watch the signs.
velocity
Sum of the torques equal zero.