AP Physics

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the difference between atomic number and atomic mass number?
Diverging
The CHANGE in velocity.
Only 1/4 wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/4
Atomic number is the number of protons. Atomic mass number is the number of nucleons - (protons and neutrons.)


2. Define Refraction
E=V/d
The refracted light ray is bent 90°. (Parallel to the interface surface.)
Diverging
The bending of light


3. What are the differences and similarities between transverse and longitudinal waves?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


4. What happens at the critical angle?
According to Coulomb's Law - the new force is 6/4 times the old charge.
A1v1=a2v2
F=Bilsin(theta) ...F=Force (N) - B:=magnetic field (T) - i=current (A) - l=length of wire in the field (m) - theta is the acute angle between the field and current's directions.
The refracted light ray is bent 90°. (Parallel to the interface surface.)


5. What is an indication of a change in the internal energy?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


6. How do you find the number of neutrons in an atom?
Pendulums depend on the length of the arm and the pull of gravity. springs depend on mass and the spring constant.
Force= Pressure/Area
Atomic mass number minus atomic number.
the refracted ray bends AWAY from the normal line.


7. What is the order of the electromagnetic spectrum?
system is the gas being studied. Environment is the surroundings outside the gas.
Same number of protons by a different number of neutrons. e.g. Carbon-12 versus Carbon-14
Radio - Infrared - Visible - UltraViolet - X-Rays - Gamma Rays.
Atomic number is the number of protons. Atomic mass number is the number of nucleons - (protons and neutrons.)


8. What does light absorption involve?
The charge on each capacitor.
Zero.
The incoming light (electromagnetic wave) has the same frequency as some of the electrons.
KE=Work


9. In a pendulum or spring - what are the displacement - velocity - PES - and K at maximum displacement?
It is the net force pointing towards the center.
The CHANGE in velocity.
Work is the change in kinetic energy. Work transfers energy to and from a body
This is the highest point of the swinging motion. PE is at a maximum. Displacement is the greatest from equilibrium. KE and Velocity are zero.


10. What is implied when an object is not accelerating in the y direction?
ZERO. Because the force is perpendicular to the displacement . (Open right hand rule.)
convex mirrors are diverging mirrors.
KE=Work
g=zero so h=(Vyo)t


11. Gauge Pressure

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


12. What is the difference between a motor and a generator?
When it is on the 'dark' side of the mirror. Opposite the light.
V=kq/R
A potential difference and a flow and energized charges.
A motor uses energy to spin the coils in a magnetic field. A generator spins the coils to create an potential difference.


13. How much work is the work done on an object moving in a circle? Why?
Zero. Because the displacement is perpendicular to the force (centripetal force.)
KE=(3/2)kT where k is Boltzman's constant
When it is on the 'dark' side of the mirror. Opposite the light.
Change in voltage across the resistor or capacitor.


14. What stays the same for resistors or capacitors in parallel?
The bouncing of light
Change in voltage across the resistor or capacitor.
E=kq/r^2 This is the electric field's magnitude at a point in space.
The electric field forces charges to move.


15. What is the energy equation if a force (friction) through a distance results in heat and thus a change in temperature?
KE=Work
Work of a system is equal to 1-Qc/Qh
G(M:earth)/r^2 ...force of gravity = G(M:earth)(M:body)/r^2
Newton


16. When is sum of force (net force) zero?
The electric field forces charges to move.
When a body is moving at a constant velocity or not moving at all.
Every point on a wave front is a secondary source.
F=qE


17. What do you know about two objects that are launched at different horizontal velocities?
The body is moving at a constant velocity
But placing more obstacles in the path of the charge's flow.
They fall - vertically - the by the same amount in the same time.
convex mirrors are diverging mirrors.


18. What is the area under the velocity time graph?
W=qV where 'W' is the work - 'q' is the charge and 'V' is the potential difference measured in Volts.
The initial velocity - (Vo in the formulas)
The higher the temperature the higher the resistance. They are proportional to each other.
Displacement


19. What is the name given to the distance between the pivot point and applied perpendicular force?
Ohm's Law: V=IR
system is the gas being studied. Environment is the surroundings outside the gas.
Moment arm
Every point on a wave front is a secondary source.


20. S.I. unit of Flow rate
Only 1/2 a wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/2
The centripetal force points along the radius towards the center of the circle.
m^3/s
(1) Straight through the vertex. (2) Parallel then through the primary focus.


21. How is the force on a charged particle in a magnetic field creating the path calculated?
The light travels through the image.
The force is perpendicular to the motion. This always results in a curved path. (Open right hand rule)
It is used in Lenz's Law to determine the change in flux of a conductor.
The bending of light


22. When are f - p - q - ho - hi - and M positive for mirrors?
When the object is beyond the focus for a concave mirror.
The Law of reflection states that the incident angle of a wave is equal to the reflected angle.
Open right hand rule
V=kq/R


23. What shapes are converging lenses?
The charge on each capacitor.
(n1)sin(theta1) = (n2)sin(theta2)
Lenses that are fatter in the middle than on the edges.
F=kq1q2/R^2


24. What is its impact on the first law of thermodynamics of an adiabatic process?
Q=0 because thermal energy is not transfered between the system and its surroundings
The bouncing of light
The initial velocity - (Vo in the formulas)
N•m


25. Energy of a SINGLE photon
Only 1/2 a wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/2
V=kq/R
E=hf
Work of a system is equal to 1-Qc/Qh


26. How does temperature effect resistance?
The higher the temperature the higher the resistance. They are proportional to each other.
Energy and mass are equated by E=mc^2.
Heat - (the 'Q' variable) - is POSITIVE when thermal energy is being ADDED to a system.
Watt


27. What did Rutherford discover?
Concave
The nucleus
m^3/s
It is towards the center and downwards a little. It is the sum of the normal force perpendicular to the bowl and the weight downwards.


28. What shape is a diverging lenses?
Displacement is zero because it is measured from equilibrium position. KE and velocity are at a maximum and it is the lowest point so PE due to gravity is at zero.
Statistically speaking - energy flows from hot to cold.
Lenses that are thinner in the middle than on the edges.
Transverse waves: The displacement is perpendicular to the wave's motion. Longitudinal waves: The displacement is in the direction of the wave's motion.


29. Formula for the electric field at point in space for a single point charge.
In front of the mirror - in the light.
Bernoulli's equation - Flow Rate = Volume/time
E=kq/R^2
Parallel. Because the plates are shared.


30. What is the electric field's magnitude inside of a container made from an electrical INSULATOR?
Something other than zero.
The measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules.
Pendulums depend on the length of the arm and the pull of gravity. springs depend on mass and the spring constant.
The CHANGE in velocity.


31. S.I. unit of flux
F=kq1q2/R^2
Weber
Convex
A potential difference and a flow and energized charges.


32. Formula for work as a charged particle travels across two charged plates
m^3/s
PV=nRT and PV=kT
W=qV
The nucleus


33. This is the gauge pressure when under water.
(rho)gh
E=hf ...E=energy of a single photon (J) - h = Plank's constant - f=frequency (Hz)
PV=nRT and PV=kT
When a body's speed is changing.


34. What are three ways to increase the capacitance of a capacitor?
the refracted ray bends AWAY from the normal line.
C=kEA/d: Increase the area of the plates - decrease the distance between the plates -and increase the dielectric constant between the plates.
Open right hand rule
When it is on the 'dark' side of the mirror. Opposite the light.


35. In a pendulum or spring - what are the displacement - velocity - PE and KE at the equilibrium position?
Displacement is zero because it is measured from equilibrium position. KE and velocity are at a maximum and it is the lowest point so PE due to gravity is at zero.
Bernoulli's equation - Flow Rate = Volume/time
Joule
Impulse


36. What does the term potential difference mean?
Concave mirrors are converging mirrors.
Potential difference is the change in energy of a charged particle divided by its charge.
When a body is moving at a constant velocity or not moving at all.
Pgh ..thats ('rho')(gravity's acceleration)(height)


37. What is an isotope?
F=qE
That the orbits of the electrons are like planets around the Sun.
Transverse waves: The displacement is perpendicular to the wave's motion. Longitudinal waves: The displacement is in the direction of the wave's motion.
Same number of protons by a different number of neutrons. e.g. Carbon-12 versus Carbon-14


38. What are the three rules needed for mirrors - since not all three work every time?
Pendulums depend on the length of the arm and the pull of gravity. springs depend on mass and the spring constant.
Newton
(1) Bounced off the vertex. (2) Parallel the through the focus. (3) Through the focus and parallel.
The interaction between an oscillating electric magnetic fields that are oriented 90° to each other. It propagates indefinitely because the wave takes its own medium.


39. What is the relationship between speed - frequency - and wavelength?
The new force is 2/4 or 1/2 times the old force. ...Because the force of gravity varies directly with the masses and inverse squared to the distance apart.
wave speed = (wavelength)(frequency)
N/C
Statistically speaking - energy flows from hot to cold.


40. Under what conditions is mechanical work negative?
The NET work BY a system is the area enclosed in a cycle on a PV diagram.
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
The velocity is positive
The electric field forces charges to move.


41. When is sum of force (net force) NOT zero?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


42. What is an adiabatic process?
Lenses that are fatter in the middle than on the edges.
An adiabatic process is where no thermal energy is transfered between the system and its surroundings.
Watt
The energy required to remove an electron or nucleon from a molecule.


43. What is force times the parallel diplacement?
Converging lenses have a positive focal length.
Work
(1) The image is larger than the object: ho>hi. (2) image is upright.
Newton


44. The 'V' is (rho)Vg
The volume under water
W=qV where 'W' is the work - 'q' is the charge and 'V' is the potential difference measured in Volts.
E=kq/R^2
The Law of reflection states that the incident angle of a wave is equal to the reflected angle.


45. What are the two rules for ray tracing in lenses that work all the time?
Concave
The NET work BY a system is the area enclosed in a cycle on a PV diagram.
(1) Straight through the vertex. (2) Parallel then through the primary focus.
The engine's efficiency is 1-Tc/Th. It is defined by the temperature's in the reservoirs and not the thermal energy flowing from them.


46. What comprises beta radiation?
The release of an electron and antineutrino or the release of a positron and a neutrino.
E=hf
The velocity is positive
Electric potential is the potential energy associated with the electric force F=qE


47. What doesn't change (speed - frequency - or wavelength) - when light moves from one medium to another?
Work by a system is positive when the gas expands. (The volume increases.)
A reflected ray's phase is changes by 180° when the ray is bounced as it tries to travel from a lower to higher index of refraction. It is also changed y 180° when it bounces off of shiny surfaces.
frequency (Think of the color as not changing.)
It is towards the center and downwards a little. It is the sum of the normal force perpendicular to the bowl and the weight downwards.


48. Mathematically what does centripetal force represent and how is centripetal force calculated?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


49. Which type of radiation has the lowest energy?
When it is on the same side as the image?
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.
Alpha
It is the release of photoelectrons released by photons with an energy (E=hf) above the work function.


50. Unit of energy for electricity.
N/C
V - a Joule/Coulomb
m=(rho)V
The Law of reflection states that the incident angle of a wave is equal to the reflected angle.