Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What shapes are converging lenses?
Lenses that are fatter in the middle than on the edges.
Joule
Adding the momentum of all the bodies.
How quickly you change velocity.


2. Electric force felt by a charge due to another charge.
The new force is 2/4 or 1/2 times the old force. ...Because the force of gravity varies directly with the masses and inverse squared to the distance apart.
E=hf=hc/(wavelength)
Lost kinetic energy is work. It is calculated from Fd or KE:final - KE:initial
F=kq1q2/R^2


3. This is the gauge pressure when under water.
(rho)gh
Sum of the torques equal zero.
g=zero so h=(Vyo)t
(1) Straight through the vertex. (2) Parallel then through the primary focus.


4. What is the binding energy?
Lost kinetic energy is work. It is calculated from Fd or KE:final - KE:initial
N/C
The energy required to remove an electron or nucleon from a molecule.
The centripetal force is the net force. It's magnitude is calculated from F=ma where 'a' is the centripetal force.


5. What does the term electric potential energy mean?
V - a Joule/Coulomb
Electric potential is the potential energy associated with the electric force F=qE
PV=nRT and PV=kT
It is the net force pointing towards the center.


6. What is internal energy?
A change in the gas' temperature.
2(pi)R/T ...Circumference/Period
Parallel. Because the plates are shared.
The motion of the molecules in gas.


7. Condition for no rotation
Sum of the torques equal zero.
The electron
The bouncing of light
ZERO. Because the force is perpendicular to the displacement . (Open right hand rule.)


8. Unit that means the same thing as Nm
x=(1/2)at^2 Remember - the word 'dropped' implies no initial velocity.
The higher the temperature the higher the resistance. They are proportional to each other.
Joule
Emf is the maximum available energy per charge at the terminal of a power source. Voltage is the actual available energy per charge at the terminals of a power source. Some energy is lost due to the source internal resistance.


9. What is the energy equation for the change in temperature if it results from a loss in KE?

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10. What is Huygen's Principle?
Every point on a wave front is a secondary source.
ZERO. Because the force is perpendicular to the displacement . (Open right hand rule.)
The particle travels in a circle. Radius=momentum/qB
Impulse is (force)(time)


11. What is an indication of a change in the internal energy?

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12. What is the impact on the first law of thermodynamics for an isothermal process?
Only 1/2 a wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/2
dU = zero. The change in temperature of the gas is zero.
This is the highest point of the swinging motion. PE is at a maximum. Displacement is the greatest from equilibrium. KE and Velocity are zero.
Emf is the maximum available energy per charge at the terminal of a power source. Voltage is the actual available energy per charge at the terminals of a power source. Some energy is lost due to the source internal resistance.


13. What is temperature?
The thicker the wire - the lower the resistance.
Bernoulli's equation - Flow Rate = Volume/time
The measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules.
(1) The image is larger than the object: ho>hi. (2) image is upright.


14. What comprises gamma decay?
kg•m/s
V - a Joule/Coulomb
The release of an energetic photon from an overly excited molecule.
'q' is a single particle's charge and 'Q' is the sum of all the charges. Q=q1+q2+q3+q4...


15. Continuity equation
A1v1=a2v2
A motor uses energy to spin the coils in a magnetic field. A generator spins the coils to create an potential difference.
The incoming light (electromagnetic wave) has the same frequency as some of the electrons.
(rho)gh


16. Average kinetic energy of an ideal gas's SINGLE molecule.
KE = (3/2)kT
(1) The image is larger than the object: ho>hi. (2) image is upright.
Zero.
The release of an electron and antineutrino or the release of a positron and a neutrino.


17. What conditions are necessary to change the reflected ray's phase by 180°?

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18. How is tube length and wavelength related for a tube that is opened on both ends?
Velocity has a direction and speed does not have direction.
When the object is beyond the focus for a concave mirror.
Lenses that are thinner in the middle than on the edges.
Only 1/2 a wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/2


19. What causes resistance?
Open right hand rule
Pascal
Obstacles in the path of the flow of charges.
The energy required to remove an electron or nucleon from a molecule.


20. What do the period of pendulums and springs each depend on?
Work
Pendulums depend on the length of the arm and the pull of gravity. springs depend on mass and the spring constant.
According to Coulomb's Law - the new force is 6/4 times the old charge.
This is the highest point of the swinging motion. PE is at a maximum. Displacement is the greatest from equilibrium. KE and Velocity are zero.


21. If you have two charges - and you double one charge and triple the other - and move them twice as far apart - what happens to the force of attraction / repulsion between them?

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22. What is the difference between a motor and a generator?
Joule
No image.
A motor uses energy to spin the coils in a magnetic field. A generator spins the coils to create an potential difference.
The refracted light ray is bent 90°. (Parallel to the interface surface.)


23. Formula for the electric field between a pari of charged plates.
E=V/d
Atmospheric pressure
The centripetal force points along the radius towards the center of the circle.
Work is the change in kinetic energy. Work transfers energy to and from a body


24. What is the difference between elastic and inelastic collisions? State the relevant equations for each.

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25. How are velocity and speed different?
Velocity has a direction and speed does not have direction.
V - a Joule/Coulomb
The electric field forces charges to move.
Parallel. Because the plates are shared.


26. What direction controls time in falling body and projectile motion problems?
Heat - (the 'Q' variable) - is POSITIVE when thermal energy is being ADDED to a system.
P=IV
Vertical direction
Electric potential is the potential energy associated with the electric force F=qE


27. What is the general equation for motion down a slope and how does it change if the object is going up the slope?
Weight ...w=mg
x=Vo + ((1/2)g)sin(angle)t^2
The volume under water
Zero.


28. A ball rolls inside a salad bowl. The ball is released along the top edge and rolls down before climbing to the same height on the opposite side of the bowl. What is the direction of the acceleration of the ball when it at the bottom of the bowl?
No image.
F=Bilsin(theta) ...F=Force (N) - B:=magnetic field (T) - i=current (A) - l=length of wire in the field (m) - theta is the acute angle between the field and current's directions.
W = KE:final - KE:initial
The acceleration is towards the center. It is supplied by the normal force and points towards the center.


29. What is heat?
The graph of force vs displacement
The movement of charges is the current and it is measures by the number of charges per second at a point.
The transfer of thermal energy
Concave


30. Energy of a SINGLE photon
Displacement
Velocity has a direction and speed does not have direction.
Entropy always increases.
E=hf


31. Force in terms of pressure
Force= Pressure/Area
When it is on the 'dark' side of the mirror. Opposite the light.
G(M:earth)/r^2 ...force of gravity = G(M:earth)(M:body)/r^2
Longitudinal Wave: Sound wave - Transverse Wave: Light wave - 'The Wave' in a a crowd at a porting event.


32. What comprises alpha radiation?
E=hf
Heat - (the 'Q' variable) - is POSITIVE when thermal energy is being ADDED to a system.
The release of a Helium nuclei - 4 -2 He2+
Work by a system is positive when the gas expands. (The volume increases.)


33. What is the energy equation if you see a particle accelerated perpendicular to two charged plates - or the problem states that the particle is accelerated through a potential difference?

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34. What is conservation of energy and what is its significance?
When a body is moving at a constant velocity or not moving at all.
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt
The volume under water
Sum of all the energy forms before a condition equals the sum of all the energy forms after the condition.


35. S.I. Unit of electric force
The motion of the molecules in gas.
Power ... Power equals the change in energy over time.
Newton
PV=nRT and PV=kT


36. What equation describes the speed in the x-direction of a projectile 't' seconds after it started moving?
THe force that holds the nucleus together.
Work by a system is positive when the gas expands. (The volume increases.)
Lenses that are fatter in the middle than on the edges.
Vx=(Vxo)t ...Recall that there is no acceleration in the horizontal direction.


37. Formula for work by a car that changes speed on a horizontal road.
The interaction between an oscillating electric magnetic fields that are oriented 90° to each other. It propagates indefinitely because the wave takes its own medium.
The release of a Helium nuclei - 4 -2 He2+
Power ... Power equals the change in energy over time.
W = KE:final - KE:initial


38. When are f - p - q - ho - hi - and M positive for mirrors?
When it is on the 'dark' side of the mirror. Opposite the light.
(n1)sin(theta1) = (n2)sin(theta2)
ROY-G-BIV: Red - Orange - Yellow - Green - Blue - Indigo - Violet
When the object is beyond the focus for a concave mirror.


39. What is the relationship between energy - frequency - and wavelength in any wave?
Diverging
The release of an electron and antineutrino or the release of a positron and a neutrino.
KE=(3/2)kT where k is Boltzman's constant
E=hf=hc/(wavelength)


40. Unit of energy for electricity.
V - a Joule/Coulomb
x=(1/2)at^2 ...Horizontal velocity does not affect the time of fall.
V=E - IR V=terminal voltage (Volts) - E = emf: electromotiveforce (Volts) - IR = Internal drop in energy per charge (Volts)
Torque


41. How does the speed change when the pressure is decreased?
kg•m/s
Speed ups
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
Obstacles in the path of the flow of charges.


42. What is the energy equation if a force (friction) through a distance results in heat and thus a change in temperature?
Vy=Vyo + gt ...Watch the signs.
KE=Work
The release of an energetic photon from an overly excited molecule.
The release of a particle or photon from an UNSTABLE nucleus.


43. What is the order of the electromagnetic spectrum?
Vx=(Vxo)t ...Recall that there is no acceleration in the horizontal direction.
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt
Radio - Infrared - Visible - UltraViolet - X-Rays - Gamma Rays.
Lenses that are thinner in the middle than on the edges.


44. Under what conditions is mechanical work positive?
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
The release of an energetic photon from an overly excited molecule.
Ohm's Law: V=IR
W=qV where 'W' is the work - 'q' is the charge and 'V' is the potential difference measured in Volts.


45. What do batteries and generators produce?
The electric force (Coulomb's Law) can attract and repel and it depends on charge. Universal Gravity depends on mass and always attracts.
x=(1/2)at^2 Remember - the word 'dropped' implies no initial velocity.
The bending of light
A potential difference and a flow and energized charges.


46. State the significance of Young's Experiment.
Convex
Initial velocity
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.
'm' is replaced by 'q -' and 'g' is replaced by 'E.' W=mg is replaced by F=qE. The second formula describes the force on a charged particle in uniform electric field.


47. What kind of capacitor circuit adds to find the total capacitance?
This is the highest point of the swinging motion. PE is at a maximum. Displacement is the greatest from equilibrium. KE and Velocity are zero.
Parallel. Because the plates are shared.
(1) Bounced off the vertex. (2) Parallel the through the focus. (3) Through the focus and parallel.
It is used in Lenz's Law to determine the change in flux of a conductor.


48. What is the area under any PV curve?

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49. What quantity stays the same for resistors in series?
Every point on a wave front is a secondary source.
Concave
Current stays the same for resistors in series.
A reflected ray's phase is changes by 180° when the ray is bounced as it tries to travel from a lower to higher index of refraction. It is also changed y 180° when it bounces off of shiny surfaces.


50. What is the component of 'mg' parallel to a slope?
Convex
frequency (Think of the color as not changing.)
That the orbits of the electrons are like planets around the Sun.
(mg)sin(angle)