AP Physics

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the component of 'mg' parallel to a slope?
The incoming light (electromagnetic wave) has the same frequency as some of the electrons.
(mg)sin(angle)
Bernoulli's equation - Flow Rate = Volume/time
Atomic number is the number of protons. Atomic mass number is the number of nucleons - (protons and neutrons.)


2. What is force times time?
Lenses that are thinner in the middle than on the edges.
It is the release of photoelectrons released by photons with an energy (E=hf) above the work function.
wave speed = (wavelength)(frequency)
Impulse


3. What two things must be true for a positive magnification?
Light must travel from more to less dense so the refracted ray can bend away from the normal.
Newton
(1) The image is larger than the object: ho>hi. (2) image is upright.
A change in the gas' temperature.


4. What equation describes the speed in the y-direction of a projectile 't' seconds after it started moving?
Adding the momentum of all the bodies.
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
Newton
Vy=Vyo + gt ...Watch the signs.


5. What comprises gamma decay?
N/C
Atmospheric pressure
Newton
The release of an energetic photon from an overly excited molecule.


6. What is the electric field's magnitude inside of a container made from an electrical CONDUCTOR?
Zero.
Electric potential is the potential energy associated with the electric force F=qE
It is the net force pointing towards the center.
The centripetal force is the net force. It's magnitude is calculated from F=ma where 'a' is the centripetal force.


7. What is half life?
It is the time for 1/2 a substance to decay by radioactive processes.
(rho)gh
Resistance: R=R1+R2+R3+...
Bernoulli's equation - Flow Rate = Volume/time


8. Under what conditions is mechanical work negative?
Diverging lenses have a negative focal length.
Only 1/2 a wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/2
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
Something other than zero.


9. This is used to determine the speed of a fluid when the pipe slopes up or down.

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10. What is ionization energy and how does it compare to the work function?
velocity
The work function is a minimum amount of energy needed to release a photon from a collection in the surface of a material. The ionization energy is the energy needed to release an electron from a single - free-floating - molecule. the ionization ener
The interaction between an oscillating electric magnetic fields that are oriented 90° to each other. It propagates indefinitely because the wave takes its own medium.
convex mirrors are diverging mirrors.


11. Unit of energy for electricity.
V - a Joule/Coulomb
It is the time for 1/2 a substance to decay by radioactive processes.
Work done 'BY' the gas.
x=(1/2)at^2 ...Horizontal velocity does not affect the time of fall.


12. In electrostatics - what takes the place of m and g in the formulae?

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13. Force in terms of pressure
Atomic number is the number of protons. Atomic mass number is the number of nucleons - (protons and neutrons.)
Force= Pressure/Area
When the object is beyond the focus for a concave mirror.
E=hf


14. What do the period of pendulums and springs each depend on?
Impulse
G(M:earth)/r^2 ...force of gravity = G(M:earth)(M:body)/r^2
Transverse waves: The displacement is perpendicular to the wave's motion. Longitudinal waves: The displacement is in the direction of the wave's motion.
Pendulums depend on the length of the arm and the pull of gravity. springs depend on mass and the spring constant.


15. Mathematically what does centripetal force represent and how is centripetal force calculated?

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16. What is force times the parallel diplacement?
The centripetal force points along the radius towards the center of the circle.
Work
When the body rests on a surface.
Joule


17. What are the three types of radiation?
Impulse is (force)(time)
Only 1/4 wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/4
Alpha - Beta - and Gamma
It is towards the center and downwards a little. It is the sum of the normal force perpendicular to the bowl and the weight downwards.


18. When is a normal force present - what is its direction?
E=kq/R^2
Resistance: R=R1+R2+R3+...
F=qE
When the body rests on a surface.


19. What does the pattern look like in a Young's Single Slit diffraction pattern?
Emf is the maximum available energy per charge at the terminal of a power source. Voltage is the actual available energy per charge at the terminals of a power source. Some energy is lost due to the source internal resistance.
Broad bright spot in the middle and alternating dark and light spots to the sides.
Pascal
E=V/d


20. What is the strong force?
(1) Straight through the vertex. (2) Parallel then through the primary focus.
convex mirrors are diverging mirrors.
THe force that holds the nucleus together.
It is the net force pointing towards the center.


21. S.I. unit of Flow rate
A1v1=a2v2
m^3/s
A reflected ray's phase is changes by 180° when the ray is bounced as it tries to travel from a lower to higher index of refraction. It is also changed y 180° when it bounces off of shiny surfaces.
Zero.


22. What is the relationship between power - voltage and current?
Vertical direction
P=IV
m^3/s
Kinetic energy is conserved for an elastic collision and not for an inelastic collision. ELASTIC: m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v1'+m1v2': INELASTIC: m1v1 + m2v2 = (m1+m1)v


23. What direction controls time in falling body and projectile motion problems?
Vertical direction
It is when a nucleon changes properties. Like a neutron changing into a proton.
Pgh ..thats ('rho')(gravity's acceleration)(height)
The release of a particle or photon from an UNSTABLE nucleus.


24. What is the path of a charged particle in a magnetic field?
The particle travels in a circle. Radius=momentum/qB
F=Bilsin(theta) ...F=Force (N) - B:=magnetic field (T) - i=current (A) - l=length of wire in the field (m) - theta is the acute angle between the field and current's directions.
Lost kinetic energy is work. It is calculated from Fd or KE:final - KE:initial
Electric potential is the potential energy associated with the electric force F=qE


25. What is the horizontal acceleration of projectiles?
Speed ups
g=zero so h=(Vyo)t
Dark in the middle and alternating light and dark spots after that.
ZERO


26. Buoyancy
The release of an electron and antineutrino or the release of a positron and a neutrino.
Lenses that are fatter in the middle than on the edges.
The movement of charges is the current and it is measures by the number of charges per second at a point.
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.


27. What causes resistance?
Work of a system is equal to 1-Qc/Qh
Obstacles in the path of the flow of charges.
It is used in Lenz's Law to determine the change in flux of a conductor.
Initial velocity


28. What did Thompson discover?
KE=Work
The electron
x=(1/2)at^2 ...Horizontal velocity does not affect the time of fall.
Diverging lenses have a negative focal length.


29. How is the magnitude of the force on a current carrying wire calculated?

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30. What do you know about two objects that are launched at different horizontal velocities?
It is towards the center and downwards a little. It is the sum of the normal force perpendicular to the bowl and the weight downwards.
ZERO. Because the force is perpendicular to the displacement . (Open right hand rule.)
They fall - vertically - the by the same amount in the same time.
Broad bright spot in the middle and alternating dark and light spots to the sides.


31. What happens at the critical angle?
The engine's efficiency is 1-Tc/Th. It is defined by the temperature's in the reservoirs and not the thermal energy flowing from them.
Vy=Vyo + gt ...Watch the signs.
The refracted light ray is bent 90°. (Parallel to the interface surface.)
P=IV


32. What is work energy theorem and what is its significance?
Work is the change in kinetic energy. Work transfers energy to and from a body
F=Bilsin(theta) ...F=Force (N) - B:=magnetic field (T) - i=current (A) - l=length of wire in the field (m) - theta is the acute angle between the field and current's directions.
Lost kinetic energy is work. It is calculated from Fd or KE:final - KE:initial
Something other than zero.


33. When light travels from LESS dense to a MORE dense mediums - how does the refracted ray bend in relation to the normal line?
the refracted ray bends TOWARDS the normal line.
The refracted light ray is bent 90°. (Parallel to the interface surface.)
Sum of the torques equal zero.
Moment arm


34. What is heat?
The transfer of thermal energy
Dark in the middle and alternating light and dark spots after that.
Statistically speaking - energy flows from hot to cold.
(1) Straight through the vertex. (2) Parallel then through the primary focus.


35. How much work is the work done on an object moving in a circle? Why?
The volume under water
Diverging lenses have a negative focal length.
Atomic number is the number of protons. Atomic mass number is the number of nucleons - (protons and neutrons.)
Zero. Because the displacement is perpendicular to the force (centripetal force.)


36. What is implied when an object is not accelerating in the x direction?
Concave
convex mirrors are diverging mirrors.
But placing more obstacles in the path of the charge's flow.
The body is moving at a constant velocity


37. What comprises alpha radiation?
The motion of the molecules in gas.
The release of a Helium nuclei - 4 -2 He2+
the refracted ray bends TOWARDS the normal line.
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.


38. What is Huygen's Principle?
N•m
Every point on a wave front is a secondary source.
When a body is moving at a constant velocity or not moving at all.
The force is perpendicular to the motion to get a circular path of motion. (Think about centripetal force.)


39. S.I. unit of power
Transverse waves: The displacement is perpendicular to the wave's motion. Longitudinal waves: The displacement is in the direction of the wave's motion.
N/C
A reflected ray's phase is changes by 180° when the ray is bounced as it tries to travel from a lower to higher index of refraction. It is also changed y 180° when it bounces off of shiny surfaces.
Watt


40. What is impulse?
Impulse is the change in momentum
Lenses that are thinner in the middle than on the edges.
Radio - Infrared - Visible - UltraViolet - X-Rays - Gamma Rays.
The refracted light ray is bent 90°. (Parallel to the interface surface.)


41. Under what conditions is mechanical work positive?
Magnitude and direction
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
Longitudinal Wave: Sound wave - Transverse Wave: Light wave - 'The Wave' in a a crowd at a porting event.
Work of a system is equal to 1-Qc/Qh


42. How must the mediums light is traveling through be arranged so that the condition for the critical angle can exist?
Light must travel from more to less dense so the refracted ray can bend away from the normal.
Electric potential is the potential energy associated with the electric force F=qE
It is the time for 1/2 a substance to decay by radioactive processes.
That the orbits of the electrons are like planets around the Sun.


43. A ball rolls inside a salad bowl. The ball is released along the top edge and rolls down before climbing to the same height on the opposite side of the bowl. What is the direction of the acceleration of the ball when it at the bottom of the bowl?
The acceleration is towards the center. It is supplied by the normal force and points towards the center.
E=hf
Gamma
Displacement is zero because it is measured from equilibrium position. KE and velocity are at a maximum and it is the lowest point so PE due to gravity is at zero.


44. Define Snell's law.
(n1)sin(theta1) = (n2)sin(theta2)
Weber
Watt
Work done 'BY' the gas.


45. What is the direction of the centripetal acceleration?
Vertical direction
The centripetal acceleration points along the radius towards the center of the circle. (Just like the centripetal force.)
Displacement is zero because it is measured from equilibrium position. KE and velocity are at a maximum and it is the lowest point so PE due to gravity is at zero.
Convex


46. What is electromagnetic induction?
The centripetal force is the net force. It's magnitude is calculated from F=ma where 'a' is the centripetal force.
It is used in Lenz's Law to determine the change in flux of a conductor.
The refracted light ray is bent 90°. (Parallel to the interface surface.)
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt


47. Which kind of lens always has a virtual image?
Heat - (the 'Q' variable) - is POSITIVE when thermal energy is being ADDED to a system.
x=Vo + ((1/2)g)sin(angle)t^2
Diverging
It is when a nucleon changes properties. Like a neutron changing into a proton.


48. What quantity stays the same for resistors in series?
Work of a system is equal to 1-Qc/Qh
It is when a nucleon changes properties. Like a neutron changing into a proton.
When it is on the 'dark' side of the mirror. Opposite the light.
Current stays the same for resistors in series.


49. What are the differences and similarities between transverse and longitudinal waves?

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50. What is mass energy equivalence?
Energy and mass are equated by E=mc^2.
ZERO. Because the force is perpendicular to the displacement . (Open right hand rule.)
Heat - (the 'Q' variable) - is POSITIVE when thermal energy is being ADDED to a system.
Diverging lenses have a negative focal length.