AP Physics

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What two things must be true for a positive magnification?
The graph of force vs displacement
Pascal
(1) The image is larger than the object: ho>hi. (2) image is upright.
V - a Joule/Coulomb


2. How is the centripetal force represented in a free body diagram?
It is the net force pointing towards the center.
frequency (Think of the color as not changing.)
Obstacles in the path of the flow of charges.
Atmospheric pressure


3. What is half life?
The centripetal force points along the radius towards the center of the circle.
The engine's efficiency is 1-Tc/Th. It is defined by the temperature's in the reservoirs and not the thermal energy flowing from them.
It is the time for 1/2 a substance to decay by radioactive processes.
ZERO


4. What is heat?
Dark in the middle and alternating light and dark spots after that.
The transfer of thermal energy
V=Vo + at ...The word 'dropped' means no initial velocity.
According to Coulomb's Law - the new force is 6/4 times the old charge.


5. Average kinetic energy of an ideal gas's SINGLE molecule.
V=E - IR V=terminal voltage (Volts) - E = emf: electromotiveforce (Volts) - IR = Internal drop in energy per charge (Volts)
KE = (3/2)kT
Displacement
Every point on a wave front is a secondary source.


6. What quantity ADDS for resistors in series?
Open right hand rule
the refracted ray bends AWAY from the normal line.
Resistance: R=R1+R2+R3+...
ROY-G-BIV: Red - Orange - Yellow - Green - Blue - Indigo - Violet


7. What comprises beta radiation?
Heat - (the 'Q' variable) - is POSITIVE when thermal energy is being ADDED to a system.
The release of an energetic photon from an overly excited molecule.
Zero. Because the displacement is perpendicular to the force (centripetal force.)
The release of an electron and antineutrino or the release of a positron and a neutrino.


8. What direction controls time in falling body and projectile motion problems?
Dark in the middle and alternating light and dark spots after that.
Atomic number is the number of protons. Atomic mass number is the number of nucleons - (protons and neutrons.)
wave speed = (wavelength)(frequency)
Vertical direction


9. Formula for work as a charged particle travels across two charged plates
W=qV
The energy required to remove an electron or nucleon from a molecule.
Work
Joule


10. What is electromagnetic induction?
Tesla
V=E - IR V=terminal voltage (Volts) - E = emf: electromotiveforce (Volts) - IR = Internal drop in energy per charge (Volts)
The velocity is positive
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt


11. What do you know about two objects that are launched at different horizontal velocities?
Converging lenses have a positive focal length.
They fall - vertically - the by the same amount in the same time.
Gamma
The engine's efficiency is 1-Tc/Th. It is defined by the temperature's in the reservoirs and not the thermal energy flowing from them.


12. Unit of electric field
Adding the momentum of all the bodies.
Work done 'BY' the gas.
The graph of force vs displacement
N/C


13. Under what conditions is work by a system ( gas) positive?
The CHANGE in velocity.
Pascal
Work by a system is positive when the gas expands. (The volume increases.)
Statistically speaking - energy flows from hot to cold.


14. What quantity is calculated from slope of the displacement versus time graph?
The transfer of thermal energy
The engine's efficiency is 1-Tc/Th. It is defined by the temperature's in the reservoirs and not the thermal energy flowing from them.
DU = Q+W ...dU:of the environment = Q:from the environment + W:by the environment
velocity


15. What is the component of 'mg' parallel to a slope?
The measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules.
The NET work BY a system is the area enclosed in a cycle on a PV diagram.
Lenses that are thinner in the middle than on the edges.
(mg)sin(angle)


16. What is the order of the visible range electromagnetic spectrum?
ROY-G-BIV: Red - Orange - Yellow - Green - Blue - Indigo - Violet
A change in the gas' temperature.
How quickly you change velocity.
wave speed = (wavelength)(frequency)


17. What is the path of a charged particle in a magnetic field?
The particle travels in a circle. Radius=momentum/qB
Resistance: R=R1+R2+R3+...
Impulse is the change in momentum
V=E - IR V=terminal voltage (Volts) - E = emf: electromotiveforce (Volts) - IR = Internal drop in energy per charge (Volts)


18. S.I. Unit of electric force
the refracted ray bends AWAY from the normal line.
The thicker the wire - the lower the resistance.
The bending of light
Newton


19. What do you do with any vector that is not on either the x or y axis?
'm' is replaced by 'q -' and 'g' is replaced by 'E.' W=mg is replaced by F=qE. The second formula describes the force on a charged particle in uniform electric field.
W=qV
x=Vo + ((1/2)g)sin(angle)t^2
Break it up into x and y components using trig - add up the components.


20. What is a key requirement in order for work to be done?
Work
A displacement must occur. ( W=Fd)
V=kq/R
Electric potential is the potential energy associated with the electric force F=qE


21. What force is always present - and what is its equation?
Alpha - Beta - and Gamma
Weight ...w=mg
(n1)sin(theta1) = (n2)sin(theta2)
The particle travels in a circle. Radius=momentum/qB


22. What is the Bohr Model of the atom?
x=(1/2)at^2 ...Horizontal velocity does not affect the time of fall.
W=qV where 'W' is the work - 'q' is the charge and 'V' is the potential difference measured in Volts.
That the orbits of the electrons are like planets around the Sun.
A reflected ray's phase is changes by 180° when the ray is bounced as it tries to travel from a lower to higher index of refraction. It is also changed y 180° when it bounces off of shiny surfaces.


23. What kind of capacitor circuit adds to find the total capacitance?
Current stays the same for resistors in series.
(mg)sin(angle)
Q=0 because thermal energy is not transfered between the system and its surroundings
Parallel. Because the plates are shared.


24. How is the net work of a system (gas) measured?
Work by a system is positive when the gas expands. (The volume increases.)
Atmospheric pressure
The NET work BY a system is the area enclosed in a cycle on a PV diagram.
V - a Joule/Coulomb


25. What equation describes the distance that a dropped object falls 't' seconds after it started moving?

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26. What does the term potential difference mean?
Joule
Potential difference is the change in energy of a charged particle divided by its charge.
W=qV where 'W' is the work - 'q' is the charge and 'V' is the potential difference measured in Volts.
Current stays the same for resistors in series.


27. Energy of a SINGLE photon
The acceleration is towards the center. It is supplied by the normal force and points towards the center.
It is the time for 1/2 a substance to decay by radioactive processes.
E=hf
Change in voltage across the resistor or capacitor.


28. Formula for the electric field between a pari of charged plates.
F=kq1q2/R^2
E=V/d
E=hf ...E=energy of a single photon (J) - h = Plank's constant - f=frequency (Hz)
Electromagnetic induction occurs when a conductor is moved through a magnetic field such that a component of the fields is perpendicular to the current;s direction.


29. What is the electric field's magnitude inside of a container made from an electrical INSULATOR?
The charge on each capacitor.
Something other than zero.
Weight ...w=mg
Tesla


30. What is the relationship between voltage - current and resistance?

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31. Which kind of mirror can show a real image?
Concave
Resistance: R=R1+R2+R3+...
G(M:earth)/r^2 ...force of gravity = G(M:earth)(M:body)/r^2
This is the highest point of the swinging motion. PE is at a maximum. Displacement is the greatest from equilibrium. KE and Velocity are zero.


32. A ball rolls inside a salad bowl. The ball is released along the top edge and rolls down before climbing to the same height on the opposite side of the bowl. What is the direction of the acceleration of the ball when it at the top edge of the bowl?
g=zero so h=(Vyo)t
It is towards the center and downwards a little. It is the sum of the normal force perpendicular to the bowl and the weight downwards.
A reflected ray's phase is changes by 180° when the ray is bounced as it tries to travel from a lower to higher index of refraction. It is also changed y 180° when it bounces off of shiny surfaces.
The energy required to remove an electron or nucleon from a molecule.


33. How must the mediums light is traveling through be arranged so that the condition for the critical angle can exist?
Every point on a wave front is a secondary source.
Same number of protons by a different number of neutrons. e.g. Carbon-12 versus Carbon-14
The measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules.
Light must travel from more to less dense so the refracted ray can bend away from the normal.


34. What is the order of the electromagnetic spectrum?
Gamma
Radio - Infrared - Visible - UltraViolet - X-Rays - Gamma Rays.
The thicker the wire - the lower the resistance.
The volume under water


35. How is the magnitude of the force on a current carrying wire calculated?

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36. What is the potential energy of a charge in an electric field?
PV=nRT and PV=kT
But placing more obstacles in the path of the charge's flow.
It is when a nucleon changes properties. Like a neutron changing into a proton.
V=kq/R


37. What is the area under the acceleration versus time graph?
Vy=Vyo + gt ...Watch the signs.
The CHANGE in velocity.
They fall - vertically - the by the same amount in the same time.
Bends waves around small objects and the interference of waves from a coherent sources.


38. What is an indication of a change in the internal energy?

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39. Buoyancy
The measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules.
Moment arm
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.
Joule


40. When is the image negative for mirrors?

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41. What did Rutherford discover?
The nucleus
But placing more obstacles in the path of the charge's flow.
F=qE
Joule


42. What is temperature?
The measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules.
velocity
Same number of protons by a different number of neutrons. e.g. Carbon-12 versus Carbon-14
Convex


43. When is a normal force present - what is its direction?
When the body rests on a surface.
Work
Pgh ..thats ('rho')(gravity's acceleration)(height)
How quickly you change velocity.


44. S.I. unit of torque
N•m
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt
Impulse


45. What is the 1st law of thermodynamics as applied to gases?
DU = Q+W ...dU:of the environment = Q:from the environment + W:by the environment
A potential difference and a flow and energized charges.
Change in voltage across the resistor or capacitor.
Watt


46. What does light absorption involve?
Joule
Displacement is zero because it is measured from equilibrium position. KE and velocity are at a maximum and it is the lowest point so PE due to gravity is at zero.
ROY-G-BIV: Red - Orange - Yellow - Green - Blue - Indigo - Violet
The incoming light (electromagnetic wave) has the same frequency as some of the electrons.


47. State the significance of Young's Experiment.
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.
Pascal
A change in the gas' temperature.
x=Vo + ((1/2)g)sin(angle)t^2


48. How does temperature effect resistance?
The energy required to remove an electron or nucleon from a molecule.
The volume under water
According to Coulomb's Law - the new force is 6/4 times the old charge.
The higher the temperature the higher the resistance. They are proportional to each other.


49. What is the relationship that describes the rate that work is done - or that energy is used?
Dark in the middle and alternating light and dark spots after that.
Only 1/2 a wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/2
2(pi)R/T ...Circumference/Period
Power ... Power equals the change in energy over time.


50. What is the area under the velocity time graph?
The light travels through the image.
Displacement
Pascal
Work is the change in kinetic energy. Work transfers energy to and from a body