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AP Physics

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Electric force felt by a charge due to another charge.
N/C
F=kq1q2/R^2
The light travels through the image.
DU = Q+W ...dU:of the environment = Q:from the environment + W:by the environment

2. Under what conditions does entropy increase?
Entropy always increases.
The electron
A reflected ray's phase is changes by 180° when the ray is bounced as it tries to travel from a lower to higher index of refraction. It is also changed y 180° when it bounces off of shiny surfaces.
g=zero so h=(Vyo)t

3. What is the energy of a photon?

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4. How does impulse relate to force?
Impulse
Impulse is (force)(time)
N/C
A potential difference and a flow and energized charges.

5. What is the general equation for motion down a slope and how does it change if the object is going up the slope?
Zero.
x=Vo + ((1/2)g)sin(angle)t^2
velocity
F=qE

6. Under what conditions is mechanical work negative?
Alpha - Beta - and Gamma
No image.
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
The work function is a minimum amount of energy needed to release a photon from a collection in the surface of a material. The ionization energy is the energy needed to release an electron from a single - free-floating - molecule. the ionization ener

7. How is tube length and wavelength related for a tube that is opened on both ends?
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
F=Bilsin(theta) ...F=Force (N) - B:=magnetic field (T) - i=current (A) - l=length of wire in the field (m) - theta is the acute angle between the field and current's directions.
KE=Work
Only 1/2 a wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/2

8. What is the direction of the centripetal force?
Potential difference is the change in energy of a charged particle divided by its charge.
ZERO
The centripetal force points along the radius towards the center of the circle.
Ohm's Law: V=IR

9. Pressure of an open container at the opening.
Atmospheric pressure
The incoming light (electromagnetic wave) has the same frequency as some of the electrons.
The graph of force vs displacement
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.

10. What is the actual movement of charges - and how is it measured?
The nucleus
Magnitude and direction
A motor uses energy to spin the coils in a magnetic field. A generator spins the coils to create an potential difference.
The movement of charges is the current and it is measures by the number of charges per second at a point.

11. What did Rutherford discover?
The nucleus
G(M:earth)/r^2 ...force of gravity = G(M:earth)(M:body)/r^2
Pgh ..thats ('rho')(gravity's acceleration)(height)
The body is moving at a constant velocity

12. How can total momentum be calculated?
Adding the momentum of all the bodies.
x=(1/2)at^2 Remember - the word 'dropped' implies no initial velocity.
Joule
Joule

13. Condition for no rotation
A reflected ray's phase is changes by 180° when the ray is bounced as it tries to travel from a lower to higher index of refraction. It is also changed y 180° when it bounces off of shiny surfaces.
Moment arm
Sum of the torques equal zero.
ZERO

14. What is an isothermal process - and what is its impact on the first law of thermodynamics?
Displacement
A motor uses energy to spin the coils in a magnetic field. A generator spins the coils to create an potential difference.
Joule
The PVT conditions change for a gas without changing the temperature.

15. What is an object placed when the distance between it and the mirror is positive?
Vx=(Vxo)t ...Recall that there is no acceleration in the horizontal direction.
ROY-G-BIV: Red - Orange - Yellow - Green - Blue - Indigo - Violet
It is the release of photoelectrons released by photons with an energy (E=hf) above the work function.
In front of the mirror - in the light.

16. What is the y intercept of the velocity time graph?
The initial velocity - (Vo in the formulas)
'q' is a single particle's charge and 'Q' is the sum of all the charges. Q=q1+q2+q3+q4...
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
Concave

17. What is the energy equation if you see a particle accelerated perpendicular to two charged plates - or the problem states that the particle is accelerated through a potential difference?

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18. What kind of image do you get when the object is placed at the focus?
An adiabatic process is where no thermal energy is transfered between the system and its surroundings.
Force= Pressure/Area
No image.
m=(rho)V

19. What does upward slope on a displacement versus time graph imply about the velocity.
dU = zero. The change in temperature of the gas is zero.
Convex
the refracted ray bends AWAY from the normal line.
The velocity is positive

20. Buoyancy
ZERO
Tesla
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.
This is the highest point of the swinging motion. PE is at a maximum. Displacement is the greatest from equilibrium. KE and Velocity are zero.

21. Define Refraction
Emf is the maximum available energy per charge at the terminal of a power source. Voltage is the actual available energy per charge at the terminals of a power source. Some energy is lost due to the source internal resistance.
E=hf ...E=energy of a single photon (J) - h = Plank's constant - f=frequency (Hz)
The bending of light
Sum of all the energy forms before a condition equals the sum of all the energy forms after the condition.

22. What is the energy equation for the change in temperature if it results from a loss in KE?

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23. Under what conditions is work by a system ( gas) positive?
Work by a system is positive when the gas expands. (The volume increases.)
The interaction between an oscillating electric magnetic fields that are oriented 90° to each other. It propagates indefinitely because the wave takes its own medium.
Velocity has a direction and speed does not have direction.
ZERO

24. What is the electric field's magnitude inside of a container made from an electrical CONDUCTOR?
Broad bright spot in the middle and alternating dark and light spots to the sides.
Alpha - Beta - and Gamma
Work is the change in kinetic energy. Work transfers energy to and from a body
Zero.

25. S.I. unit of magnetism
It is the time for 1/2 a substance to decay by radioactive processes.
Impulse
Tesla
The nucleus

26. What did Thompson discover?
Magnitude and direction
It is used in Lenz's Law to determine the change in flux of a conductor.
The electron
The new force is 2/4 or 1/2 times the old force. ...Because the force of gravity varies directly with the masses and inverse squared to the distance apart.

27. What is half life?
It is the time for 1/2 a substance to decay by radioactive processes.
dU = zero. The change in temperature of the gas is zero.
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.
Vy=Vyo + gt ...Watch the signs.

28. What is its impact on the first law of thermodynamics of an adiabatic process?
(mg)sin(angle)
Q=0 because thermal energy is not transfered between the system and its surroundings
Work by a system is negative when the gas contracts. (The volume decreases.)
Atomic number is the number of protons. Atomic mass number is the number of nucleons - (protons and neutrons.)

29. S.I. unit of Flow rate
m^3/s
Radio - Infrared - Visible - UltraViolet - X-Rays - Gamma Rays.
The force is perpendicular to the motion. This always results in a curved path. (Open right hand rule)
It is an arrow that DOES NOT touch the body. Recall that the net force is the answer when all the forces are added up.

30. Which kind of lens always has a virtual image?
Sum of all the energy forms before a condition equals the sum of all the energy forms after the condition.
m^3/s
wave speed = (wavelength)(frequency)
Diverging

31. What equation describes the speed in the x-direction of a projectile 't' seconds after it started moving?
Vertical direction
When a body's speed is changing.
Vx=(Vxo)t ...Recall that there is no acceleration in the horizontal direction.
This is the highest point of the swinging motion. PE is at a maximum. Displacement is the greatest from equilibrium. KE and Velocity are zero.

32. What does the pattern look like in a Young's Single Slit diffraction pattern?
PV=nRT and PV=kT
m^3/s
Broad bright spot in the middle and alternating dark and light spots to the sides.
Sum of the torques equal zero.

33. What is the difference between reflection - refraction - and diffraction?
Force= Pressure/Area
Reflection is the bouncing of waves. Refraction is the bending of waves. Diffraction bends waves around small objects and causes interference from a coherent sources.
The transfer of thermal energy
(1) Bounced off the vertex. (2) Parallel the through the focus. (3) Through the focus and parallel.

34. What equation describes the speed of a dropped object 't' seconds after it started moving?

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35. How is the centripetal force represented in a free body diagram?
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.
It is the net force pointing towards the center.
ZERO
Diverging

36. What is force times time?
Joule
E=hf=hc/(wavelength)
Impulse
Atomic mass number minus atomic number.

37. How is the force on a charged particle in a magnetic field creating the path calculated?
V=Vo + at ...The word 'dropped' means no initial velocity.
The force is perpendicular to the motion. This always results in a curved path. (Open right hand rule)
A reflected ray's phase is changes by 180° when the ray is bounced as it tries to travel from a lower to higher index of refraction. It is also changed y 180° when it bounces off of shiny surfaces.
Newton

38. What is the horizontal acceleration of projectiles?
ZERO
kg•m/s
Change in voltage across the resistor or capacitor.
The particle travels in a circle. Radius=momentum/qB

39. What quantity ADDS for resistors in series?
Resistance: R=R1+R2+R3+...
Work
kg•m/s
The higher the temperature the higher the resistance. They are proportional to each other.

40. Which type of radiation has the highest energy?
The NET work BY a system is the area enclosed in a cycle on a PV diagram.
Lost kinetic energy is work. It is calculated from Fd or KE:final - KE:initial
Gamma
F=kq1q2/R^2

41. S.I. unit of frictional force
Newton
Pgh ..thats ('rho')(gravity's acceleration)(height)
The higher the temperature the higher the resistance. They are proportional to each other.
THe force that holds the nucleus together.

42. What is the photoelectric effect?
Zero.
Concave mirrors are converging mirrors.
It is the release of photoelectrons released by photons with an energy (E=hf) above the work function.
V=kq/R

43. Which kind of mirror cannot magnify an image?
Conservation of Energy ... because E=hf
Potential difference is the change in energy of a charged particle divided by its charge.
Convex
THe force that holds the nucleus together.

44. Define diffraction
Bends waves around small objects and the interference of waves from a coherent sources.
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.
An adiabatic process is where no thermal energy is transfered between the system and its surroundings.
The bending of light

45. Flow Rate
(Cross-sectional Area)(Velocity)
A displacement must occur. ( W=Fd)
Potential difference is the change in energy of a charged particle divided by its charge.
Weber

46. What is the component of 'mg' parallel to a slope?
Converging lenses have a positive focal length.
(mg)sin(angle)
P=IV
Convex

47. Define mass in terms of density.
The velocity is positive
(1) The image is larger than the object: ho>hi. (2) image is upright.
m=(rho)V
Diverging

48. Force in terms of pressure
'm' is replaced by 'q -' and 'g' is replaced by 'E.' W=mg is replaced by F=qE. The second formula describes the force on a charged particle in uniform electric field.
Force= Pressure/Area
But placing more obstacles in the path of the charge's flow.
Zero. Because the displacement is perpendicular to the force (centripetal force.)

49. What equation describes the distance that a horizontally launched projectile falls t seconds after it started moving?
x=(1/2)at^2 ...Horizontal velocity does not affect the time of fall.
W=qV where 'W' is the work - 'q' is the charge and 'V' is the potential difference measured in Volts.
Diverging lenses have a negative focal length.
2(pi)R/T ...Circumference/Period

50. What is an isotope?
x=Vo + ((1/2)g)sin(angle)t^2
ZERO
Same number of protons by a different number of neutrons. e.g. Carbon-12 versus Carbon-14
Displacement

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AP Physics

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