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• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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• Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. This is the gauge pressure when under water.
m=(rho)V
(rho)gh
Potential energy stored in gravity (PE = mgh)
P=IV


2. What does the pattern look like in a Young's Single Slit diffraction pattern?
Broad bright spot in the middle and alternating dark and light spots to the sides.
Ohm's Law: V=IR
Concave
The measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules.


3. How must the mediums light is traveling through be arranged so that the condition for the critical angle can exist?
The electric force (Coulomb's Law) can attract and repel and it depends on charge. Universal Gravity depends on mass and always attracts.
Potential energy stored in gravity (PE = mgh)
Light must travel from more to less dense so the refracted ray can bend away from the normal.
The centripetal force is the net force. It's magnitude is calculated from F=ma where 'a' is the centripetal force.


4. How does temperature effect resistance?
The higher the temperature the higher the resistance. They are proportional to each other.
The electron
x=Vo + ((1/2)g)sin(angle)t^2
Parallel. Because the plates are shared.


5. What is ionization energy and how does it compare to the work function?
The work function is a minimum amount of energy needed to release a photon from a collection in the surface of a material. The ionization energy is the energy needed to release an electron from a single - free-floating - molecule. the ionization ener
Work of a system is equal to 1-Qc/Qh
The movement of charges is the current and it is measures by the number of charges per second at a point.
convex mirrors are diverging mirrors.


6. What is needed for electromagnetic induction to occur?
Only 1/2 a wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/2
The velocity is positive
They fall - vertically - the by the same amount in the same time.
Electromagnetic induction occurs when a conductor is moved through a magnetic field such that a component of the fields is perpendicular to the current;s direction.


7. What is the impact on the first law of thermodynamics for an isothermal process?
Reflection is the bouncing of waves. Refraction is the bending of waves. Diffraction bends waves around small objects and causes interference from a coherent sources.
Atomic mass number minus atomic number.
Displacement is zero because it is measured from equilibrium position. KE and velocity are at a maximum and it is the lowest point so PE due to gravity is at zero.
dU = zero. The change in temperature of the gas is zero.


8. Which type of radiation has the highest energy?
Lenses that are fatter in the middle than on the edges.
Gamma
Impulse is (force)(time)
Diverging


9. What is the path of a charged particle in a magnetic field?
'm' is replaced by 'q -' and 'g' is replaced by 'E.' W=mg is replaced by F=qE. The second formula describes the force on a charged particle in uniform electric field.
It is the release of photoelectrons released by photons with an energy (E=hf) above the work function.
Transverse waves: The displacement is perpendicular to the wave's motion. Longitudinal waves: The displacement is in the direction of the wave's motion.
The particle travels in a circle. Radius=momentum/qB


10. Formula for work by a car that changes speed on a horizontal road.
Atomic number is the number of protons. Atomic mass number is the number of nucleons - (protons and neutrons.)
W = KE:final - KE:initial
W=qV where 'W' is the work - 'q' is the charge and 'V' is the potential difference measured in Volts.
Diverging lenses have a negative focal length.


11. What are the three types of radiation?
Ohm's Law: V=IR
Lenses that are fatter in the middle than on the edges.
Alpha - Beta - and Gamma
The motion of the molecules in gas.


12. What kind of mirror has a positive focus?
Converging lenses have a positive focal length.
When it is on the 'dark' side of the mirror. Opposite the light.
Power ... Power equals the change in energy over time.
Concave


13. What are the two rules for ray tracing in lenses that work all the time?
(1) The image is larger than the object: ho>hi. (2) image is upright.
x=Vo + ((1/2)g)sin(angle)t^2
The transfer of thermal energy
(1) Straight through the vertex. (2) Parallel then through the primary focus.


14. How can total momentum be calculated?
system is the gas being studied. Environment is the surroundings outside the gas.
Atmospheric pressure
The release of an electron and antineutrino or the release of a positron and a neutrino.
Adding the momentum of all the bodies.


15. S.I. unit of momentum
The centripetal force is the net force. It's magnitude is calculated from F=ma where 'a' is the centripetal force.
Alpha - Beta - and Gamma
F=kq1q2/R^2
kg•m/s


16. What does upward slope on a displacement versus time graph imply about the velocity.
The velocity is positive
(1) Straight through the vertex. (2) Parallel then through the primary focus.
The release of an energetic photon from an overly excited molecule.
Lost kinetic energy is work. It is calculated from Fd or KE:final - KE:initial


17. What is the actual movement of charges - and how is it measured?
The thicker the wire - the lower the resistance.
The movement of charges is the current and it is measures by the number of charges per second at a point.
Joule
PV=nRT and PV=kT


18. When is the image negative for mirrors?

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19. Which kind of mirror always has a virtual image?
Convex
ZERO. Because the force is perpendicular to the displacement . (Open right hand rule.)
convex mirrors are diverging mirrors.
Weber


20. What quantity ADDS for resistors in series?
The acceleration is towards the center. It is supplied by the normal force and points towards the center.
The refracted light ray is bent 90°. (Parallel to the interface surface.)
Resistance: R=R1+R2+R3+...
The graph of force vs displacement


21. What do you do with any vector that is not on either the x or y axis?
C=kEA/d: Increase the area of the plates - decrease the distance between the plates -and increase the dielectric constant between the plates.
Atomic number is the number of protons. Atomic mass number is the number of nucleons - (protons and neutrons.)
Break it up into x and y components using trig - add up the components.
the refracted ray bends TOWARDS the normal line.


22. What is the area under any PV curve?

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23. What is the derived equation for the ACCELERATION of gravity in terms of m and 'r' squared?
Statistically speaking - energy flows from hot to cold.
E=kq/R^2
V=E - IR V=terminal voltage (Volts) - E = emf: electromotiveforce (Volts) - IR = Internal drop in energy per charge (Volts)
G(M:earth)/r^2 ...force of gravity = G(M:earth)(M:body)/r^2


24. Formula for the electric field at point in space for a single point charge.
The particle travels in a circle. Radius=momentum/qB
They fall - vertically - the by the same amount in the same time.
Diverging lenses have a negative focal length.
E=kq/R^2


25. Formula for the electric force felt by a charged particle in an electric field.
F=qE
W=qV
The release of a particle or photon from an UNSTABLE nucleus.
E=kq/R^2


26. What kind of capacitor circuit adds to find the total capacitance?
It is when a nucleon changes properties. Like a neutron changing into a proton.
V=Vo + at ...The word 'dropped' means no initial velocity.
Parallel. Because the plates are shared.
(n1)sin(theta1) = (n2)sin(theta2)


27. What equation describes the distance that a horizontally launched projectile falls t seconds after it started moving?
The centripetal force points along the radius towards the center of the circle.
(rho)gh
x=(1/2)at^2 ...Horizontal velocity does not affect the time of fall.
Electric potential is the potential energy associated with the electric force F=qE


28. State the significance of Young's Experiment.
(1) Bounced off the vertex. (2) Parallel the through the focus. (3) Through the focus and parallel.
The measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules.
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.
2(pi)R/T ...Circumference/Period


29. S.I. unit of magnetism
It is when a nucleon changes properties. Like a neutron changing into a proton.
Tesla
Pgh ..thats ('rho')(gravity's acceleration)(height)
The release of a particle or photon from an UNSTABLE nucleus.


30. Define mass in terms of density.
Pascal
m=(rho)V
Displacement is zero because it is measured from equilibrium position. KE and velocity are at a maximum and it is the lowest point so PE due to gravity is at zero.
(1) The image is larger than the object: ho>hi. (2) image is upright.


31. What shape is a diverging mirror?
convex mirrors are diverging mirrors.
Zero. Because the displacement is perpendicular to the force (centripetal force.)
But placing more obstacles in the path of the charge's flow.
Pendulums depend on the length of the arm and the pull of gravity. springs depend on mass and the spring constant.


32. What is the relationship between speed - frequency - and wavelength?
Energy and mass are equated by E=mc^2.
(1) Bounced off the vertex. (2) Parallel the through the focus. (3) Through the focus and parallel.
wave speed = (wavelength)(frequency)
Magnitude and direction


33. What force is always present - and what is its equation?
Weight ...w=mg
In front of the mirror - in the light.
Adding the momentum of all the bodies.
V=Vo + at ...The word 'dropped' means no initial velocity.


34. S.I. unit of flux
(1) The image is larger than the object: ho>hi. (2) image is upright.
Longitudinal Wave: Sound wave - Transverse Wave: Light wave - 'The Wave' in a a crowd at a porting event.
Weber
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt


35. What is the difference between the variable 'q' and 'Q?'?

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36. What is the area under the velocity time graph?
It is an arrow that DOES NOT touch the body. Recall that the net force is the answer when all the forces are added up.
Sum of all the energy forms before a condition equals the sum of all the energy forms after the condition.
When a body is moving at a constant velocity or not moving at all.
Displacement


37. Define reflection
Potential difference is the change in energy of a charged particle divided by its charge.
Concave
The bouncing of light
x=(1/2)at^2 Remember - the word 'dropped' implies no initial velocity.


38. What two entities comprise a vector?
The centripetal force is the net force. It's magnitude is calculated from F=ma where 'a' is the centripetal force.
Open right hand rule
Magnitude and direction
Pendulums depend on the length of the arm and the pull of gravity. springs depend on mass and the spring constant.


39. What stays the same for capacitors in series?
Zero.
The charge on each capacitor.
V=Vo + at ...The word 'dropped' means no initial velocity.
Every point on a wave front is a secondary source.


40. Electric force felt by a charge due to another charge.
F=kq1q2/R^2
Pgh ..thats ('rho')(gravity's acceleration)(height)
That the orbits of the electrons are like planets around the Sun.
DU = Q+W ...dU:of the environment = Q:from the environment + W:by the environment


41. What is electromagnetic induction?
Torque
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt
W = KE:final - KE:initial
Reflection is the bouncing of waves. Refraction is the bending of waves. Diffraction bends waves around small objects and causes interference from a coherent sources.


42. What is the relationship between voltage - current and resistance?

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43. What is conservation of energy and what is its significance?
Sum of all the energy forms before a condition equals the sum of all the energy forms after the condition.
G(M:earth)/r^2 ...force of gravity = G(M:earth)(M:body)/r^2
The force is perpendicular to the motion. This always results in a curved path. (Open right hand rule)
Moment arm


44. How does the closed right hand rule work in electromagnetic induction?

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45. What is the energy equation if a force (friction) through a distance results in heat and thus a change in temperature?
x=(1/2)at^2 Remember - the word 'dropped' implies no initial velocity.
Velocity has a direction and speed does not have direction.
That the orbits of the electrons are like planets around the Sun.
KE=Work


46. What is the work done on a charged particle by the magnetic field? Why?
ZERO. Because the force is perpendicular to the displacement . (Open right hand rule.)
How quickly you change velocity.
E=hf
The higher the temperature the higher the resistance. They are proportional to each other.


47. What cause an electromagnetic wave - and what makes the wave propagate indefinitely even in a vacuum?
A reflected ray's phase is changes by 180° when the ray is bounced as it tries to travel from a lower to higher index of refraction. It is also changed y 180° when it bounces off of shiny surfaces.
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
The interaction between an oscillating electric magnetic fields that are oriented 90° to each other. It propagates indefinitely because the wave takes its own medium.
Displacement


48. What is the law of reflection?
velocity
V=kq/R
The Law of reflection states that the incident angle of a wave is equal to the reflected angle.
Pascal


49. What comprises beta radiation?
Concave
V=Vo + at ...The word 'dropped' means no initial velocity.
The movement of charges is the current and it is measures by the number of charges per second at a point.
The release of an electron and antineutrino or the release of a positron and a neutrino.


50. What is the 1st law of thermodynamics as applied to gases?
Longitudinal Wave: Sound wave - Transverse Wave: Light wave - 'The Wave' in a a crowd at a porting event.
DU = Q+W ...dU:of the environment = Q:from the environment + W:by the environment
KE=(3/2)kT where k is Boltzman's constant
Emf is the maximum available energy per charge at the terminal of a power source. Voltage is the actual available energy per charge at the terminals of a power source. Some energy is lost due to the source internal resistance.