Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the electric field's magnitude inside of a container made from an electrical INSULATOR?
Entropy always increases.
PV=nRT and PV=kT
Something other than zero.
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.


2. What shape is a diverging mirror?
convex mirrors are diverging mirrors.
Lenses that are thinner in the middle than on the edges.
Work done 'BY' the gas.
The initial velocity - (Vo in the formulas)


3. What conditions are necessary to change the reflected ray's phase by 180°?

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4. What does the pattern look like in a Young's Single Slit diffraction pattern?
Broad bright spot in the middle and alternating dark and light spots to the sides.
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.
That the orbits of the electrons are like planets around the Sun.
Longitudinal Wave: Sound wave - Transverse Wave: Light wave - 'The Wave' in a a crowd at a porting event.


5. What is the energy of a photon?

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6. Which type of radiation has the lowest energy?
The charge on each capacitor.
Alpha
V=Vo + at ...The word 'dropped' means no initial velocity.
V=E - IR V=terminal voltage (Volts) - E = emf: electromotiveforce (Volts) - IR = Internal drop in energy per charge (Volts)


7. What is the Bohr Model of the atom?
Ohm's Law: V=IR
The release of an energetic photon from an overly excited molecule.
A displacement must occur. ( W=Fd)
That the orbits of the electrons are like planets around the Sun.


8. S.I. unit of Flow rate
Convex
The energy required to remove an electron or nucleon from a molecule.
m^3/s
frequency (Think of the color as not changing.)


9. What is the energy equation if you see a particle accelerated perpendicular to two charged plates - or the problem states that the particle is accelerated through a potential difference?

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10. What happens at the critical angle?
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.
Atomic number is the number of protons. Atomic mass number is the number of nucleons - (protons and neutrons.)
Work
The refracted light ray is bent 90°. (Parallel to the interface surface.)


11. What is the horizontal acceleration of projectiles?
x=Vo + ((1/2)g)sin(angle)t^2
ZERO
Break it up into x and y components using trig - add up the components.
the refracted ray bends AWAY from the normal line.


12. What cause an electromagnetic wave - and what makes the wave propagate indefinitely even in a vacuum?
When the object is beyond the focus for a concave mirror.
The interaction between an oscillating electric magnetic fields that are oriented 90° to each other. It propagates indefinitely because the wave takes its own medium.
When a body's speed is changing.
Work is the change in kinetic energy. Work transfers energy to and from a body


13. Which kind of mirror always has a virtual image?
Weight ...w=mg
Newton
Convex
Zero.


14. What is mass energy equivalence?
A displacement must occur. ( W=Fd)
It is the release of photoelectrons released by photons with an energy (E=hf) above the work function.
Energy and mass are equated by E=mc^2.
Displacement is zero because it is measured from equilibrium position. KE and velocity are at a maximum and it is the lowest point so PE due to gravity is at zero.


15. How can total momentum be calculated?
Adding the momentum of all the bodies.
Current stays the same for resistors in series.
The particle travels in a circle. Radius=momentum/qB
Heat - (the 'Q' variable) - is POSITIVE when thermal energy is being ADDED to a system.


16. Which type of radiation has the highest energy?
Gamma
KE = (3/2)kT
dU = zero. The change in temperature of the gas is zero.
The force is perpendicular to the motion to get a circular path of motion. (Think about centripetal force.)


17. If you have two charges - and you double one charge and triple the other - and move them twice as far apart - what happens to the force of attraction / repulsion between them?

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18. A ball rolls inside a salad bowl. The ball is released along the top edge and rolls down before climbing to the same height on the opposite side of the bowl. What is the direction of the acceleration of the ball when it at the bottom of the bowl?
Light must travel from more to less dense so the refracted ray can bend away from the normal.
According to Coulomb's Law - the new force is 6/4 times the old charge.
The incoming light (electromagnetic wave) has the same frequency as some of the electrons.
The acceleration is towards the center. It is supplied by the normal force and points towards the center.


19. What is the relationship that describes the rate that work is done - or that energy is used?
x=Vo + ((1/2)g)sin(angle)t^2
Power ... Power equals the change in energy over time.
The light travels through the image.
How quickly you change velocity.


20. Unit that means the same thing as Nm
The interaction between an oscillating electric magnetic fields that are oriented 90° to each other. It propagates indefinitely because the wave takes its own medium.
Bernoulli's equation - Flow Rate = Volume/time
Joule
Light must travel from more to less dense so the refracted ray can bend away from the normal.


21. How is a force's direction oriented compared to a bodies direction of motion to get a circular (curved) path of motion?
The force is perpendicular to the motion to get a circular path of motion. (Think about centripetal force.)
The CHANGE in velocity.
Open right hand rule
The NET work BY a system is the area enclosed in a cycle on a PV diagram.


22. Under what conditions is mechanical work negative?
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
Joule
G(M:earth)/r^2 ...force of gravity = G(M:earth)(M:body)/r^2
The energy required to remove an electron or nucleon from a molecule.


23. How is the magnitude of the force on a current carrying wire calculated?

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24. What two things must be true for a positive magnification?
(1) The image is larger than the object: ho>hi. (2) image is upright.
The energy required to remove an electron or nucleon from a molecule.
When a body's speed is changing.
The motion of the molecules in gas.


25. In uniform circular motion - how is tangential velocity calculated?
the refracted ray bends AWAY from the normal line.
2(pi)R/T ...Circumference/Period
Emf is the maximum available energy per charge at the terminal of a power source. Voltage is the actual available energy per charge at the terminals of a power source. Some energy is lost due to the source internal resistance.
When a body's speed is changing.


26. What forces charges to move?
Alpha
Joule
The electric field forces charges to move.
Atomic mass number minus atomic number.


27. What causes resistance?
'q' is a single particle's charge and 'Q' is the sum of all the charges. Q=q1+q2+q3+q4...
Obstacles in the path of the flow of charges.
Atomic number is the number of protons. Atomic mass number is the number of nucleons - (protons and neutrons.)
The release of a Helium nuclei - 4 -2 He2+


28. Formula for the electric field at point in space for a single point charge.
E=kq/R^2
Diverging lenses have a negative focal length.
Pgh ..thats ('rho')(gravity's acceleration)(height)
Vertical direction


29. What is the energy equation if you see a height difference between two points in the problem?
Potential energy stored in gravity (PE = mgh)
A1v1=a2v2
Atmospheric pressure
THe force that holds the nucleus together.


30. What is internal energy?
the refracted ray bends AWAY from the normal line.
Work
The motion of the molecules in gas.
No image.


31. Under what conditions is heat positive?

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32. What is the relationship between speed - frequency - and wavelength?
Work by a system is negative when the gas contracts. (The volume decreases.)
Speed ups
Kinetic energy is conserved for an elastic collision and not for an inelastic collision. ELASTIC: m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v1'+m1v2': INELASTIC: m1v1 + m2v2 = (m1+m1)v
wave speed = (wavelength)(frequency)


33. Formula for work as a charged particle travels across two charged plates
Potential energy stored in gravity (PE = mgh)
(mg)sin(angle)
(1) Bounced off the vertex. (2) Parallel the through the focus. (3) Through the focus and parallel.
W=qV


34. What do the period of pendulums and springs each depend on?
The incoming light (electromagnetic wave) has the same frequency as some of the electrons.
Lenses that are thinner in the middle than on the edges.
Pendulums depend on the length of the arm and the pull of gravity. springs depend on mass and the spring constant.
x=(1/2)at^2 Remember - the word 'dropped' implies no initial velocity.


35. What is an adiabatic process?
An adiabatic process is where no thermal energy is transfered between the system and its surroundings.
m=(rho)V
It is towards the center and downwards a little. It is the sum of the normal force perpendicular to the bowl and the weight downwards.
It is the net force pointing towards the center.


36. What stays the same for resistors or capacitors in parallel?
Current stays the same for resistors in series.
The electric force (Coulomb's Law) can attract and repel and it depends on charge. Universal Gravity depends on mass and always attracts.
The force is perpendicular to the motion to get a circular path of motion. (Think about centripetal force.)
Change in voltage across the resistor or capacitor.


37. Under what conditions does entropy increase?
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.
Zero. Because the displacement is perpendicular to the force (centripetal force.)
Every point on a wave front is a secondary source.
Entropy always increases.


38. What comprises beta radiation?
The release of an electron and antineutrino or the release of a positron and a neutrino.
Lost kinetic energy is work. It is calculated from Fd or KE:final - KE:initial
convex mirrors are diverging mirrors.
Obstacles in the path of the flow of charges.


39. What is the difference between elastic and inelastic collisions? State the relevant equations for each.

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40. What does light absorption involve?
Joule
The electric field forces charges to move.
x=(1/2)at^2 ...Horizontal velocity does not affect the time of fall.
The incoming light (electromagnetic wave) has the same frequency as some of the electrons.


41. The 'V' is (rho)Vg
Moment arm
Electric potential is the potential energy associated with the electric force F=qE
The volume under water
V=E - IR V=terminal voltage (Volts) - E = emf: electromotiveforce (Volts) - IR = Internal drop in energy per charge (Volts)


42. What is the energy equation for the change in temperature if it results from a loss in KE?

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43. Under what conditions is mechanical work positive?
An adiabatic process is where no thermal energy is transfered between the system and its surroundings.
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
The graph of force vs displacement
The release of a particle or photon from an UNSTABLE nucleus.


44. What does the term potential difference mean?
The energy required to remove an electron or nucleon from a molecule.
Potential difference is the change in energy of a charged particle divided by its charge.
How quickly you change velocity.
According to Coulomb's Law - the new force is 6/4 times the old charge.


45. What is electromagnetic induction?
Pascal
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt
They fall - vertically - the by the same amount in the same time.
DU = Q+W ...dU:of the environment = Q:from the environment + W:by the environment


46. What is half life?
V=kq/R
Displacement is zero because it is measured from equilibrium position. KE and velocity are at a maximum and it is the lowest point so PE due to gravity is at zero.
It is the time for 1/2 a substance to decay by radioactive processes.
dU = zero. The change in temperature of the gas is zero.


47. What are 2 key differences between electric force and gravitational force?

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48. Average kinetic energy of an ideal gas's SINGLE molecule.
KE = (3/2)kT
The charge on each capacitor.
The PVT conditions change for a gas without changing the temperature.
Entropy always increases.


49. What is the second law of thermodynamics?
Statistically speaking - energy flows from hot to cold.
P=IV
No image.
Work


50. What direction controls time in falling body and projectile motion problems?
No image.
Vertical direction
Statistically speaking - energy flows from hot to cold.
It is when a nucleon changes properties. Like a neutron changing into a proton.