AP Physics

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Which type of lenses have a POSITIVE focal length?
Converging lenses have a positive focal length.
Something other than zero.
The acceleration is towards the center. It is supplied by the normal force and points towards the center.
Newton


2. S.I. unit of Flow rate
F=Bilsin(theta) ...F=Force (N) - B:=magnetic field (T) - i=current (A) - l=length of wire in the field (m) - theta is the acute angle between the field and current's directions.
m^3/s
Zero. Because the displacement is perpendicular to the force (centripetal force.)
The longer the length of wire - the higher the resistance.


3. Which kind of lens always has a virtual image?
P=IV
Diverging
V=kq/R
Newton


4. S.I. unit of magnetism
Tesla
Energy and mass are equated by E=mc^2.
'm' is replaced by 'q -' and 'g' is replaced by 'E.' W=mg is replaced by F=qE. The second formula describes the force on a charged particle in uniform electric field.
When it is on the 'dark' side of the mirror. Opposite the light.


5. What are the three types of radiation?
Parallel. Because the plates are shared.
Alpha - Beta - and Gamma
Obstacles in the path of the flow of charges.
F=qE


6. Under what conditions is mechanical work negative?
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
The bouncing of light
The release of a particle or photon from an UNSTABLE nucleus.
It is an arrow that DOES NOT touch the body. Recall that the net force is the answer when all the forces are added up.


7. What doesn't change (speed - frequency - or wavelength) - when light moves from one medium to another?
Force= Pressure/Area
frequency (Think of the color as not changing.)
The centripetal acceleration points along the radius towards the center of the circle. (Just like the centripetal force.)
dU = zero. The change in temperature of the gas is zero.


8. What is force times time?
The force is perpendicular to the motion to get a circular path of motion. (Think about centripetal force.)
Impulse
Break it up into x and y components using trig - add up the components.
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.


9. What is the work done on a charged particle by the magnetic field? Why?
The electric force (Coulomb's Law) can attract and repel and it depends on charge. Universal Gravity depends on mass and always attracts.
Heat - (the 'Q' variable) - is NEGATIVE when thermal energy is being REMOVED from a system.
'q' is a single particle's charge and 'Q' is the sum of all the charges. Q=q1+q2+q3+q4...
ZERO. Because the force is perpendicular to the displacement . (Open right hand rule.)


10. Energy of a SINGLE photon
The body is moving at a constant velocity
Magnitude and direction
E=hf
N/C


11. Describe the relationship between Qh - Qc - and W in a heat engine?
The initial velocity - (Vo in the formulas)
Work of a system is equal to 1-Qc/Qh
ZERO
KE = (3/2)kT


12. Formula for work as a charged particle travels across two charged plates
The NET work BY a system is the area enclosed in a cycle on a PV diagram.
The centripetal force is the net force. It's magnitude is calculated from F=ma where 'a' is the centripetal force.
Current stays the same for resistors in series.
W=qV


13. What kind of capacitor circuit adds to find the total capacitance?
Every point on a wave front is a secondary source.
Something other than zero.
Parallel. Because the plates are shared.
The nucleus


14. Unit of electric field
Work of a system is equal to 1-Qc/Qh
N/C
Change in voltage across the resistor or capacitor.
(1) Bounced off the vertex. (2) Parallel the through the focus. (3) Through the focus and parallel.


15. Continuity equation
W=qV where 'W' is the work - 'q' is the charge and 'V' is the potential difference measured in Volts.
A1v1=a2v2
Velocity has a direction and speed does not have direction.
m^3/s


16. What is an adiabatic process?
An adiabatic process is where no thermal energy is transfered between the system and its surroundings.
Lost kinetic energy is work. It is calculated from Fd or KE:final - KE:initial
Displacement
The transfer of thermal energy


17. What is an indication of a change in the internal energy?

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18. When is the image negative for mirrors?

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19. Condition for no rotation
Resistance: R=R1+R2+R3+...
Sum of the torques equal zero.
Conservation of Energy ... because E=hf
A1v1=a2v2


20. What comprises beta radiation?
The PVT conditions change for a gas without changing the temperature.
The release of an electron and antineutrino or the release of a positron and a neutrino.
wave speed = (wavelength)(frequency)
'm' is replaced by 'q -' and 'g' is replaced by 'E.' W=mg is replaced by F=qE. The second formula describes the force on a charged particle in uniform electric field.


21. What is conservation of energy and what is its significance?
(n1)sin(theta1) = (n2)sin(theta2)
The release of a Helium nuclei - 4 -2 He2+
Sum of all the energy forms before a condition equals the sum of all the energy forms after the condition.
The charge on each capacitor.


22. What is the electric field's magnitude inside of a container made from an electrical CONDUCTOR?
The acceleration is towards the center. It is supplied by the normal force and points towards the center.
Lenses that are thinner in the middle than on the edges.
Zero.
Weight ...w=mg


23. What is the area under the acceleration versus time graph?
x=Vo + ((1/2)g)sin(angle)t^2
Obstacles in the path of the flow of charges.
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
The CHANGE in velocity.


24. How does the closed right hand rule work in electromagnetic induction?

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25. How is the net work of a system (gas) measured?
The release of an electron and antineutrino or the release of a positron and a neutrino.
The NET work BY a system is the area enclosed in a cycle on a PV diagram.
Atmospheric pressure
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.


26. What is the energy equation if you see a particle accelerated perpendicular to two charged plates - or the problem states that the particle is accelerated through a potential difference?

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27. S.I. unit of every kind of energy
Joule
Resistance: R=R1+R2+R3+...
frequency (Think of the color as not changing.)
A reflected ray's phase is changes by 180° when the ray is bounced as it tries to travel from a lower to higher index of refraction. It is also changed y 180° when it bounces off of shiny surfaces.


28. What is the y intercept of the velocity time graph?
Torque
The initial velocity - (Vo in the formulas)
Longitudinal Wave: Sound wave - Transverse Wave: Light wave - 'The Wave' in a a crowd at a porting event.
Statistically speaking - energy flows from hot to cold.


29. How must the mediums light is traveling through be arranged so that the condition for the critical angle can exist?
When the object is beyond the focus for a concave mirror.
Resistance: R=R1+R2+R3+...
Light must travel from more to less dense so the refracted ray can bend away from the normal.
Statistically speaking - energy flows from hot to cold.


30. Define mass in terms of density.
Displacement is zero because it is measured from equilibrium position. KE and velocity are at a maximum and it is the lowest point so PE due to gravity is at zero.
m=(rho)V
The CHANGE in velocity.
Work by a system is negative when the gas contracts. (The volume decreases.)


31. What is the difference between a motor and a generator?
A motor uses energy to spin the coils in a magnetic field. A generator spins the coils to create an potential difference.
Impulse is (force)(time)
The refracted light ray is bent 90°. (Parallel to the interface surface.)
Heat - (the 'Q' variable) - is NEGATIVE when thermal energy is being REMOVED from a system.


32. What is force times the perpendicular distance?
Electromagnetic induction occurs when a conductor is moved through a magnetic field such that a component of the fields is perpendicular to the current;s direction.
A displacement must occur. ( W=Fd)
Torque
The interaction between an oscillating electric magnetic fields that are oriented 90° to each other. It propagates indefinitely because the wave takes its own medium.


33. S.I. Unit of electric force
Q=0 because thermal energy is not transfered between the system and its surroundings
Newton
It is the release of photoelectrons released by photons with an energy (E=hf) above the work function.
The centripetal force points along the radius towards the center of the circle.


34. What two things must be true for a positive magnification?
(1) The image is larger than the object: ho>hi. (2) image is upright.
ZERO
Force= Pressure/Area
Transverse waves: The displacement is perpendicular to the wave's motion. Longitudinal waves: The displacement is in the direction of the wave's motion.


35. Which kind of mirror can show a real image?
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt
Velocity has a direction and speed does not have direction.
Concave
When a body is moving at a constant velocity or not moving at all.


36. What is implied when an object is not accelerating in the y direction?
When it is on the same side as the image?
g=zero so h=(Vyo)t
The velocity is positive
No image.


37. What do you do with any vector that is not on either the x or y axis?
Break it up into x and y components using trig - add up the components.
A change in the gas' temperature.
Work is the change in kinetic energy. Work transfers energy to and from a body
ZERO. Because the force is perpendicular to the displacement . (Open right hand rule.)


38. What forces charges to move?
The bending of light
Pgh ..thats ('rho')(gravity's acceleration)(height)
The electric field forces charges to move.
Obstacles in the path of the flow of charges.


39. How is sum of force (net force) depicted in a free body diagram?
The volume under water
Parallel. Because the plates are shared.
It is an arrow that DOES NOT touch the body. Recall that the net force is the answer when all the forces are added up.
The refracted light ray is bent 90°. (Parallel to the interface surface.)


40. What comprises gamma decay?
'q' is a single particle's charge and 'Q' is the sum of all the charges. Q=q1+q2+q3+q4...
frequency (Think of the color as not changing.)
The release of an energetic photon from an overly excited molecule.
Newton


41. Force in terms of pressure
According to Coulomb's Law - the new force is 6/4 times the old charge.
The charge on each capacitor.
Force= Pressure/Area
The release of a Helium nuclei - 4 -2 He2+


42. What is the horizontal acceleration of projectiles?
PV=nRT and PV=kT
Zero.
When a body's speed is changing.
ZERO


43. What equation describes the speed in the x-direction of a projectile 't' seconds after it started moving?
The release of an energetic photon from an overly excited molecule.
Vx=(Vxo)t ...Recall that there is no acceleration in the horizontal direction.
Watt
Pascal


44. What does light emission involve?
Electromagnetic wave exits the electrons to a higher orbital. When the electron relaxes - a wavelength of light is given off.
Electromagnetic induction occurs when a conductor is moved through a magnetic field such that a component of the fields is perpendicular to the current;s direction.
In front of the mirror - in the light.
Lost kinetic energy is work. It is calculated from Fd or KE:final - KE:initial


45. How is the magnitude of the force on a current carrying wire calculated?

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46. What are the two rules for ray tracing in lenses that work all the time?
(1) Straight through the vertex. (2) Parallel then through the primary focus.
According to Coulomb's Law - the new force is 6/4 times the old charge.
F=kq1q2/R^2
Something other than zero.


47. What is the difference between reflection - refraction - and diffraction?
Joule
Reflection is the bouncing of waves. Refraction is the bending of waves. Diffraction bends waves around small objects and causes interference from a coherent sources.
The centripetal force points along the radius towards the center of the circle.
Vx=(Vxo)t ...Recall that there is no acceleration in the horizontal direction.


48. What is transmutation?
Velocity has a direction and speed does not have direction.
Convex
P=IV
It is when a nucleon changes properties. Like a neutron changing into a proton.


49. What is needed for electromagnetic induction to occur?
It is when a nucleon changes properties. Like a neutron changing into a proton.
Something other than zero.
F=Bilsin(theta) ...F=Force (N) - B:=magnetic field (T) - i=current (A) - l=length of wire in the field (m) - theta is the acute angle between the field and current's directions.
Electromagnetic induction occurs when a conductor is moved through a magnetic field such that a component of the fields is perpendicular to the current;s direction.


50. What is an object placed when the distance between it and the mirror is positive?
Newton
In front of the mirror - in the light.
Only 1/2 a wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/2
Something other than zero.