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AP Physics

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Unit that means the same thing as Nm
Statistically speaking - energy flows from hot to cold.
Work
'm' is replaced by 'q -' and 'g' is replaced by 'E.' W=mg is replaced by F=qE. The second formula describes the force on a charged particle in uniform electric field.
Joule

2. Average kinetic energy of an ideal gas's SINGLE molecule.
The initial velocity - (Vo in the formulas)
Force= Pressure/Area
KE = (3/2)kT
When it is on the 'dark' side of the mirror. Opposite the light.

3. Under what conditions is work by a system ( gas) positive?
The motion of the molecules in gas.
G(M:earth)/r^2 ...force of gravity = G(M:earth)(M:body)/r^2
Bends waves around small objects and the interference of waves from a coherent sources.
Work by a system is positive when the gas expands. (The volume increases.)

4. What is the binding energy?
Alpha
(mg)sin(angle)
The energy required to remove an electron or nucleon from a molecule.
The CHANGE in velocity.

5. What do you know about two objects that are launched at different horizontal velocities?
frequency (Think of the color as not changing.)
V=Vo + at ...The word 'dropped' means no initial velocity.
(Cross-sectional Area)(Velocity)
They fall - vertically - the by the same amount in the same time.

6. What cause an electromagnetic wave - and what makes the wave propagate indefinitely even in a vacuum?
Pascal
The interaction between an oscillating electric magnetic fields that are oriented 90° to each other. It propagates indefinitely because the wave takes its own medium.
(1) The image is larger than the object: ho>hi. (2) image is upright.
A displacement must occur. ( W=Fd)

7. What is the 1st law of thermodynamics as applied to gases?
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt
m=(rho)V
DU = Q+W ...dU:of the environment = Q:from the environment + W:by the environment
Convex

8. What is the relationship that describes the rate that work is done - or that energy is used?
Parallel. Because the plates are shared.
Power ... Power equals the change in energy over time.
ROY-G-BIV: Red - Orange - Yellow - Green - Blue - Indigo - Violet
system is the gas being studied. Environment is the surroundings outside the gas.

9. How does a wires composition effect resistance?

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10. What do the period of pendulums and springs each depend on?
Pendulums depend on the length of the arm and the pull of gravity. springs depend on mass and the spring constant.
V - a Joule/Coulomb
Only 1/4 wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/4
The work function is a minimum amount of energy needed to release a photon from a collection in the surface of a material. The ionization energy is the energy needed to release an electron from a single - free-floating - molecule. the ionization ener

11. What did Rutherford discover?
Joule
W=qV where 'W' is the work - 'q' is the charge and 'V' is the potential difference measured in Volts.
The nucleus
g=zero so h=(Vyo)t

12. Electric force felt by a charge due to another charge.
Adding the momentum of all the bodies.
It is an arrow that DOES NOT touch the body. Recall that the net force is the answer when all the forces are added up.
F=kq1q2/R^2
Electromagnetic induction occurs when a conductor is moved through a magnetic field such that a component of the fields is perpendicular to the current;s direction.

13. Define Refraction
The bending of light
Newton
Joule
Weber

14. What comprises gamma decay?
The release of an energetic photon from an overly excited molecule.
Newton
Work by a system is positive when the gas expands. (The volume increases.)
Only 1/4 wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/4

15. How does impulse relate to force?
Impulse is (force)(time)
V=Vo + at ...The word 'dropped' means no initial velocity.
m^3/s
Sum of all the energy forms before a condition equals the sum of all the energy forms after the condition.

16. Formula for work as a charged particle travels across two charged plates
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt
kg•m/s
W=qV
(1) Bounced off the vertex. (2) Parallel the through the focus. (3) Through the focus and parallel.

17. How must the mediums light is traveling through be arranged so that the condition for the critical angle can exist?
Velocity has a direction and speed does not have direction.
Light must travel from more to less dense so the refracted ray can bend away from the normal.
g=zero so h=(Vyo)t
Only 1/2 a wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/2

18. What are the two forms of the ideal gas law?
When a body is moving at a constant velocity or not moving at all.
The initial velocity - (Vo in the formulas)
When the object is beyond the focus for a concave mirror.
PV=nRT and PV=kT

19. What are the three types of radiation?
The force is perpendicular to the motion to get a circular path of motion. (Think about centripetal force.)
E=hf=hc/(wavelength)
Alpha - Beta - and Gamma
The engine's efficiency is 1-Tc/Th. It is defined by the temperature's in the reservoirs and not the thermal energy flowing from them.

20. What two things must be true for a positive magnification?
(1) The image is larger than the object: ho>hi. (2) image is upright.
The new force is 2/4 or 1/2 times the old force. ...Because the force of gravity varies directly with the masses and inverse squared to the distance apart.
Speed ups
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.

21. What is electromagnetic induction?
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt
KE=Work
The transfer of thermal energy
The refracted light ray is bent 90°. (Parallel to the interface surface.)

22. Describe the relationship between Qh - Qc - and W in a heat engine?
Work of a system is equal to 1-Qc/Qh
Zero. Because the displacement is perpendicular to the force (centripetal force.)
Vx=(Vxo)t ...Recall that there is no acceleration in the horizontal direction.
It is the release of photoelectrons released by photons with an energy (E=hf) above the work function.

23. What is the relationship between energy - frequency - and wavelength in any wave?
Longitudinal Wave: Sound wave - Transverse Wave: Light wave - 'The Wave' in a a crowd at a porting event.
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
frequency (Think of the color as not changing.)
E=hf=hc/(wavelength)

24. S.I. unit of every kind of energy
Atomic number is the number of protons. Atomic mass number is the number of nucleons - (protons and neutrons.)
Impulse is (force)(time)
Joule
When the body rests on a surface.

25. Work is the area under which curve?
(1) The image is larger than the object: ho>hi. (2) image is upright.
The nucleus
Open right hand rule
The graph of force vs displacement

26. What does the term electric potential energy mean?
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
Electric potential is the potential energy associated with the electric force F=qE
Joule
(1) The image is larger than the object: ho>hi. (2) image is upright.

27. Under what conditions is heat positive?

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28. When is sum of force (net force) NOT zero?

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29. What equation describes the speed in the y-direction of a projectile 't' seconds after it started moving?
Velocity has a direction and speed does not have direction.
Vy=Vyo + gt ...Watch the signs.
Joule
Newton

30. This is the gauge pressure when under water.
W = KE:final - KE:initial
x=(1/2)at^2 ...Horizontal velocity does not affect the time of fall.
Pascal
(rho)gh

31. Which type of radiation has the highest energy?
Gamma
It is the time for 1/2 a substance to decay by radioactive processes.
The graph of force vs displacement
It is an arrow that DOES NOT touch the body. Recall that the net force is the answer when all the forces are added up.

32. What is the direction of the centripetal acceleration?
V - a Joule/Coulomb
Weber
Joule
The centripetal acceleration points along the radius towards the center of the circle. (Just like the centripetal force.)

33. What conservation law dictates that the frequency of light cannot change as it travels between mediums?
This is the highest point of the swinging motion. PE is at a maximum. Displacement is the greatest from equilibrium. KE and Velocity are zero.
Conservation of Energy ... because E=hf
Electric potential is the potential energy associated with the electric force F=qE
Pascal

34. What is the law of reflection?
It is an arrow that DOES NOT touch the body. Recall that the net force is the answer when all the forces are added up.
Statistically speaking - energy flows from hot to cold.
The Law of reflection states that the incident angle of a wave is equal to the reflected angle.
Something other than zero.

35. S.I. unit of pressure
Pascal
E=hf ...E=energy of a single photon (J) - h = Plank's constant - f=frequency (Hz)
KE=(3/2)kT where k is Boltzman's constant
They fall - vertically - the by the same amount in the same time.

36. What stays the same for capacitors in series?
The charge on each capacitor.
The centripetal force points along the radius towards the center of the circle.
Every point on a wave front is a secondary source.
When a body's speed is changing.

37. Under what conditions does entropy increase?
Entropy always increases.
It is the time for 1/2 a substance to decay by radioactive processes.
According to Coulomb's Law - the new force is 6/4 times the old charge.
Q=0 because thermal energy is not transfered between the system and its surroundings

38. What shape is a converging mirrors?
Bends waves around small objects and the interference of waves from a coherent sources.
Zero.
Concave mirrors are converging mirrors.
Current stays the same for resistors in series.

39. Flow Rate
(Cross-sectional Area)(Velocity)
Impulse
The particle travels in a circle. Radius=momentum/qB
Current stays the same for resistors in series.

40. Buoyancy
Displacement
KE=Work
Pendulums depend on the length of the arm and the pull of gravity. springs depend on mass and the spring constant.
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.

41. What are the three rules needed for mirrors - since not all three work every time?
The nucleus
(1) Bounced off the vertex. (2) Parallel the through the focus. (3) Through the focus and parallel.
When it is on the same side as the image?
Sum of the torques equal zero.

42. What kind of image do you get when the object is placed at the focus?
It is towards the center and downwards a little. It is the sum of the normal force perpendicular to the bowl and the weight downwards.
F=Bilsin(theta) ...F=Force (N) - B:=magnetic field (T) - i=current (A) - l=length of wire in the field (m) - theta is the acute angle between the field and current's directions.
No image.
Zero.

43. What is the order of the visible range electromagnetic spectrum?
A potential difference and a flow and energized charges.
ROY-G-BIV: Red - Orange - Yellow - Green - Blue - Indigo - Violet
The energy required to remove an electron or nucleon from a molecule.
It is the release of photoelectrons released by photons with an energy (E=hf) above the work function.

44. What is the general equation for motion down a slope and how does it change if the object is going up the slope?
N/C
Pascal
Newton
x=Vo + ((1/2)g)sin(angle)t^2

45. Define Snell's law.
Work done 'BY' the gas.
Conservation of Energy ... because E=hf
Break it up into x and y components using trig - add up the components.
(n1)sin(theta1) = (n2)sin(theta2)

46. S.I. unit of magnetism
The body is moving at a constant velocity
Atomic mass number minus atomic number.
Tesla
The CHANGE in velocity.

47. What quantity stays the same for resistors in series?
Current stays the same for resistors in series.
The bouncing of light
They fall - vertically - the by the same amount in the same time.
Lost kinetic energy is work. It is calculated from Fd or KE:final - KE:initial

48. When is the image negative for mirrors?

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49. How is tube length and wavelength related for a tube that is closed on ONE end?
That the orbits of the electrons are like planets around the Sun.
Every point on a wave front is a secondary source.
Joule
Only 1/4 wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/4

50. Continuity equation
The incoming light (electromagnetic wave) has the same frequency as some of the electrons.
The measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules.
The acceleration is towards the center. It is supplied by the normal force and points towards the center.
A1v1=a2v2