AP Physics

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What do you do with any vector that is not on either the x or y axis?
Change in voltage across the resistor or capacitor.
Break it up into x and y components using trig - add up the components.
Impulse
Longitudinal Wave: Sound wave - Transverse Wave: Light wave - 'The Wave' in a a crowd at a porting event.


2. What is heat?
Convex
The transfer of thermal energy
Work by a system is positive when the gas expands. (The volume increases.)
PV=nRT and PV=kT


3. What force is always present - and what is its equation?
They fall - vertically - the by the same amount in the same time.
An adiabatic process is where no thermal energy is transfered between the system and its surroundings.
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.
Weight ...w=mg


4. In a pendulum or spring - what are the displacement - velocity - PES - and K at maximum displacement?
g=zero so h=(Vyo)t
(rho)gh
This is the highest point of the swinging motion. PE is at a maximum. Displacement is the greatest from equilibrium. KE and Velocity are zero.
DU = Q+W ...dU:of the environment = Q:from the environment + W:by the environment


5. What do you know about two objects that are launched at different horizontal velocities?
Obstacles in the path of the flow of charges.
They fall - vertically - the by the same amount in the same time.
The CHANGE in velocity.
Alpha


6. Define diffraction
Newton
x=Vo + ((1/2)g)sin(angle)t^2
The energy required to remove an electron or nucleon from a molecule.
Bends waves around small objects and the interference of waves from a coherent sources.


7. The speed of a ball when it lands at the same height it was thrown from.
Initial velocity
In front of the mirror - in the light.
THe force that holds the nucleus together.
E=kq/r^2 This is the electric field's magnitude at a point in space.


8. How is the force on a charged particle in a magnetic field creating the path calculated?
The engine's efficiency is 1-Tc/Th. It is defined by the temperature's in the reservoirs and not the thermal energy flowing from them.
KE=Work
convex mirrors are diverging mirrors.
The force is perpendicular to the motion. This always results in a curved path. (Open right hand rule)


9. How much work is the work done on an object moving in a circle? Why?
(1) The image is larger than the object: ho>hi. (2) image is upright.
'm' is replaced by 'q -' and 'g' is replaced by 'E.' W=mg is replaced by F=qE. The second formula describes the force on a charged particle in uniform electric field.
wave speed = (wavelength)(frequency)
Zero. Because the displacement is perpendicular to the force (centripetal force.)


10. What happens at the critical angle?
The electric force (Coulomb's Law) can attract and repel and it depends on charge. Universal Gravity depends on mass and always attracts.
The refracted light ray is bent 90°. (Parallel to the interface surface.)
N/C
The electric field forces charges to move.


11. In electrostatics - what takes the place of m and g in the formulae?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


12. What is the derived equation for the electric field in terms of q and r^2 ?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


13. Continuity equation
Resistance: R=R1+R2+R3+...
Impulse is the change in momentum
The release of a particle or photon from an UNSTABLE nucleus.
A1v1=a2v2


14. What is the relationship between energy - frequency - and wavelength in any wave?
The centripetal force is the net force. It's magnitude is calculated from F=ma where 'a' is the centripetal force.
V=kq/R
E=hf=hc/(wavelength)
When the object is beyond the focus for a concave mirror.


15. What are the three types of radiation?
Speed ups
Alpha - Beta - and Gamma
Obstacles in the path of the flow of charges.
Adding the momentum of all the bodies.


16. What stays the same for resistors or capacitors in parallel?
It is used in Lenz's Law to determine the change in flux of a conductor.
The charge on each capacitor.
Change in voltage across the resistor or capacitor.
Moment arm


17. Under what conditions does entropy increase?
Entropy always increases.
Pgh ..thats ('rho')(gravity's acceleration)(height)
The electron
m^3/s


18. Formula for the electric field at point in space for a single point charge.
The graph of force vs displacement
Current stays the same for resistors in series.
It is an arrow that DOES NOT touch the body. Recall that the net force is the answer when all the forces are added up.
E=kq/R^2


19. What is the energy equation if a force (friction) through a distance results in heat and thus a change in temperature?
Concave mirrors are converging mirrors.
ZERO
KE=Work
Bends waves around small objects and the interference of waves from a coherent sources.


20. What are the differences and similarities between transverse and longitudinal waves?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


21. Work is the area under which curve?
Light must travel from more to less dense so the refracted ray can bend away from the normal.
The graph of force vs displacement
E=hf
x=Vo + ((1/2)g)sin(angle)t^2


22. What is the direction of the centripetal force?
Energy and mass are equated by E=mc^2.
Convex
A motor uses energy to spin the coils in a magnetic field. A generator spins the coils to create an potential difference.
The centripetal force points along the radius towards the center of the circle.


23. How is tube length and wavelength related for a tube that is closed on ONE end?
ZERO. Because the force is perpendicular to the displacement . (Open right hand rule.)
x=(1/2)at^2 Remember - the word 'dropped' implies no initial velocity.
wave speed = (wavelength)(frequency)
Only 1/4 wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/4


24. What quantity is calculated from slope of the displacement versus time graph?
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt
velocity
F=qE
That the orbits of the electrons are like planets around the Sun.


25. Force in terms of pressure
The work function is a minimum amount of energy needed to release a photon from a collection in the surface of a material. The ionization energy is the energy needed to release an electron from a single - free-floating - molecule. the ionization ener
Force= Pressure/Area
When the object is beyond the focus for a concave mirror.
An adiabatic process is where no thermal energy is transfered between the system and its surroundings.


26. What cause an electromagnetic wave - and what makes the wave propagate indefinitely even in a vacuum?
The CHANGE in velocity.
The interaction between an oscillating electric magnetic fields that are oriented 90° to each other. It propagates indefinitely because the wave takes its own medium.
Adding the momentum of all the bodies.
The Law of reflection states that the incident angle of a wave is equal to the reflected angle.


27. What is the law of reflection?
The Law of reflection states that the incident angle of a wave is equal to the reflected angle.
Reflection is the bouncing of waves. Refraction is the bending of waves. Diffraction bends waves around small objects and causes interference from a coherent sources.
Lenses that are thinner in the middle than on the edges.
Diverging lenses have a negative focal length.


28. What is the name given to the distance between the pivot point and applied perpendicular force?
Moment arm
Diverging
KE = (3/2)kT
Current stays the same for resistors in series.


29. What comprises gamma decay?
The release of an energetic photon from an overly excited molecule.
E=hf
Something other than zero.
V=kq/R


30. What is work energy theorem and what is its significance?
DU = Q+W ...dU:of the environment = Q:from the environment + W:by the environment
Work is the change in kinetic energy. Work transfers energy to and from a body
Break it up into x and y components using trig - add up the components.
(rho)gh


31. What is the difference between a motor and a generator?
Atomic number is the number of protons. Atomic mass number is the number of nucleons - (protons and neutrons.)
A displacement must occur. ( W=Fd)
E=hf ...E=energy of a single photon (J) - h = Plank's constant - f=frequency (Hz)
A motor uses energy to spin the coils in a magnetic field. A generator spins the coils to create an potential difference.


32. What are the three rules needed for mirrors - since not all three work every time?
(1) Bounced off the vertex. (2) Parallel the through the focus. (3) Through the focus and parallel.
Dark in the middle and alternating light and dark spots after that.
The velocity is positive
Alpha - Beta - and Gamma


33. What is the 1st law of thermodynamics as applied to gases?
The force is perpendicular to the motion. This always results in a curved path. (Open right hand rule)
It is the release of photoelectrons released by photons with an energy (E=hf) above the work function.
DU = Q+W ...dU:of the environment = Q:from the environment + W:by the environment
g=zero so h=(Vyo)t


34. Under what conditions is heat positive?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


35. What are the two rules for ray tracing in lenses that work all the time?
(1) Straight through the vertex. (2) Parallel then through the primary focus.
The velocity is positive
Transverse waves: The displacement is perpendicular to the wave's motion. Longitudinal waves: The displacement is in the direction of the wave's motion.
It is the release of photoelectrons released by photons with an energy (E=hf) above the work function.


36. How does the speed change when the pressure is decreased?
Speed ups
Bends waves around small objects and the interference of waves from a coherent sources.
Concave
Something other than zero.


37. Unit of energy for electricity.
F=kq1q2/R^2
Work done 'BY' the gas.
N/C
V - a Joule/Coulomb


38. How does a wires composition effect resistance?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


39. What is the formula relating emf and voltage?
W=qV where 'W' is the work - 'q' is the charge and 'V' is the potential difference measured in Volts.
Work by a system is negative when the gas contracts. (The volume decreases.)
Sum of the torques equal zero.
V=E - IR V=terminal voltage (Volts) - E = emf: electromotiveforce (Volts) - IR = Internal drop in energy per charge (Volts)


40. What equation describes the speed of a dropped object 't' seconds after it started moving?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


41. S.I. unit of Flow rate
m^3/s
the refracted ray bends AWAY from the normal line.
The new force is 2/4 or 1/2 times the old force. ...Because the force of gravity varies directly with the masses and inverse squared to the distance apart.
Pendulums depend on the length of the arm and the pull of gravity. springs depend on mass and the spring constant.


42. Formula for the electric field between a pari of charged plates.
Newton
G(M:earth)/r^2 ...force of gravity = G(M:earth)(M:body)/r^2
E=V/d
Broad bright spot in the middle and alternating dark and light spots to the sides.


43. Under what conditions is mechanical work positive?
m^3/s
KE=(3/2)kT where k is Boltzman's constant
Statistically speaking - energy flows from hot to cold.
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.


44. What shapes are converging lenses?
Electromagnetic induction occurs when a conductor is moved through a magnetic field such that a component of the fields is perpendicular to the current;s direction.
G(M:earth)/r^2 ...force of gravity = G(M:earth)(M:body)/r^2
Every point on a wave front is a secondary source.
Lenses that are fatter in the middle than on the edges.


45. What causes resistance?
When the object is beyond the focus for a concave mirror.
The body is moving at a constant velocity
Obstacles in the path of the flow of charges.
dU = zero. The change in temperature of the gas is zero.


46. What equation describes the distance that a horizontally launched projectile falls t seconds after it started moving?
KE = (3/2)kT
x=(1/2)at^2 ...Horizontal velocity does not affect the time of fall.
convex mirrors are diverging mirrors.
Moment arm


47. What is force times the perpendicular distance?
Torque
A change in the gas' temperature.
The refracted light ray is bent 90°. (Parallel to the interface surface.)
A reflected ray's phase is changes by 180° when the ray is bounced as it tries to travel from a lower to higher index of refraction. It is also changed y 180° when it bounces off of shiny surfaces.


48. Under what conditions is heat negative?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


49. Under what conditions is work by a system ( gas) negative?
m^3/s
DU = Q+W ...dU:of the environment = Q:from the environment + W:by the environment
Work by a system is negative when the gas contracts. (The volume decreases.)
Joule


50. What is the impact on the first law of thermodynamics for an isothermal process?
Newton
V=kq/R
The centripetal force is the net force. It's magnitude is calculated from F=ma where 'a' is the centripetal force.
dU = zero. The change in temperature of the gas is zero.