AP Physics

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are the three rules needed for mirrors - since not all three work every time?
E=hf
Work
Longitudinal Wave: Sound wave - Transverse Wave: Light wave - 'The Wave' in a a crowd at a porting event.
(1) Bounced off the vertex. (2) Parallel the through the focus. (3) Through the focus and parallel.


2. What did Thompson discover?
The electron
Newton
The interaction between an oscillating electric magnetic fields that are oriented 90° to each other. It propagates indefinitely because the wave takes its own medium.
ZERO. Because the force is perpendicular to the displacement . (Open right hand rule.)


3. In uniform circular motion - how is tangential velocity calculated?
The Law of reflection states that the incident angle of a wave is equal to the reflected angle.
E=hf=hc/(wavelength)
2(pi)R/T ...Circumference/Period
It is an arrow that DOES NOT touch the body. Recall that the net force is the answer when all the forces are added up.


4. Describe the relationship between Qh - Qc - and W in a heat engine?
ZERO
Work of a system is equal to 1-Qc/Qh
g=zero so h=(Vyo)t
Impulse is (force)(time)


5. Electric force felt by a charge due to another charge.
F=kq1q2/R^2
The light travels through the image.
The Law of reflection states that the incident angle of a wave is equal to the reflected angle.
Electromagnetic induction occurs when a conductor is moved through a magnetic field such that a component of the fields is perpendicular to the current;s direction.


6. What is impulse?
Same number of protons by a different number of neutrons. e.g. Carbon-12 versus Carbon-14
Impulse is the change in momentum
The nucleus
The release of a particle or photon from an UNSTABLE nucleus.


7. What is the general equation for motion down a slope and how does it change if the object is going up the slope?
A potential difference and a flow and energized charges.
Newton
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.
x=Vo + ((1/2)g)sin(angle)t^2


8. How is the direction of the force on a current carrying wire calculated?
Open right hand rule
The release of an energetic photon from an overly excited molecule.
'm' is replaced by 'q -' and 'g' is replaced by 'E.' W=mg is replaced by F=qE. The second formula describes the force on a charged particle in uniform electric field.
It is towards the center and downwards a little. It is the sum of the normal force perpendicular to the bowl and the weight downwards.


9. Which type of radiation has the highest energy?
(1) Straight through the vertex. (2) Parallel then through the primary focus.
KE=(3/2)kT where k is Boltzman's constant
P=IV
Gamma


10. When is the image negative for mirrors?

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11. What is an indication of a change in the internal energy?

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12. What is the component of 'mg' parallel to a slope?
A motor uses energy to spin the coils in a magnetic field. A generator spins the coils to create an potential difference.
Diverging lenses have a negative focal length.
No image.
(mg)sin(angle)


13. This is the gauge pressure when under water.
The velocity is positive
(rho)gh
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt
In front of the mirror - in the light.


14. What causes radioactivity?
The velocity is positive
E=hf=hc/(wavelength)
(rho)gh
The release of a particle or photon from an UNSTABLE nucleus.


15. When is a normal force present - what is its direction?
When the body rests on a surface.
Newton
W = KE:final - KE:initial
Electromagnetic wave exits the electrons to a higher orbital. When the electron relaxes - a wavelength of light is given off.


16. How is the magnitude of the force on a current carrying wire calculated?

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17. A ball rolls inside a salad bowl. The ball is released along the top edge and rolls down before climbing to the same height on the opposite side of the bowl. What is the direction of the acceleration of the ball when it at the bottom of the bowl?
Joule
Broad bright spot in the middle and alternating dark and light spots to the sides.
The work function is a minimum amount of energy needed to release a photon from a collection in the surface of a material. The ionization energy is the energy needed to release an electron from a single - free-floating - molecule. the ionization ener
The acceleration is towards the center. It is supplied by the normal force and points towards the center.


18. Unit that means the same thing as Nm
x=(1/2)at^2 ...Horizontal velocity does not affect the time of fall.
E=hf
PV=nRT and PV=kT
Joule


19. What is the relationship between energy - frequency - and wavelength in any wave?
Torque
(1) The image is larger than the object: ho>hi. (2) image is upright.
E=hf=hc/(wavelength)
V - a Joule/Coulomb


20. What stays the same for capacitors in series?
(n1)sin(theta1) = (n2)sin(theta2)
The charge on each capacitor.
Reflection is the bouncing of waves. Refraction is the bending of waves. Diffraction bends waves around small objects and causes interference from a coherent sources.
F=kq1q2/R^2


21. What is a key requirement in order for work to be done?
Kinetic energy is conserved for an elastic collision and not for an inelastic collision. ELASTIC: m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v1'+m1v2': INELASTIC: m1v1 + m2v2 = (m1+m1)v
A displacement must occur. ( W=Fd)
Concave mirrors are converging mirrors.
Reflection is the bouncing of waves. Refraction is the bending of waves. Diffraction bends waves around small objects and causes interference from a coherent sources.


22. What is the difference between elastic and inelastic collisions? State the relevant equations for each.

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23. What does the pattern look like in a Young's Single Slit diffraction pattern?
the refracted ray bends AWAY from the normal line.
Broad bright spot in the middle and alternating dark and light spots to the sides.
Q=0 because thermal energy is not transfered between the system and its surroundings
This is the highest point of the swinging motion. PE is at a maximum. Displacement is the greatest from equilibrium. KE and Velocity are zero.


24. What is the difference between a motor and a generator?
Radio - Infrared - Visible - UltraViolet - X-Rays - Gamma Rays.
A motor uses energy to spin the coils in a magnetic field. A generator spins the coils to create an potential difference.
Work is the change in kinetic energy. Work transfers energy to and from a body
The CHANGE in velocity.


25. Pressure of an open container at the opening.
Joule
E=hf=hc/(wavelength)
kg•m/s
Atmospheric pressure


26. Formula for work by a car that changes speed on a horizontal road.
Watt
W = KE:final - KE:initial
m=(rho)V
The velocity is positive


27. What is the second law of thermodynamics?
The centripetal force points along the radius towards the center of the circle.
The electron
Statistically speaking - energy flows from hot to cold.
Displacement


28. What is the relationship that describes the rate that work is done - or that energy is used?
The release of a particle or photon from an UNSTABLE nucleus.
Magnitude and direction
Power ... Power equals the change in energy over time.
A change in the gas' temperature.


29. What is internal energy?
Newton
KE=(3/2)kT where k is Boltzman's constant
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.
The motion of the molecules in gas.


30. What is the electric field's magnitude inside of a container made from an electrical INSULATOR?
An adiabatic process is where no thermal energy is transfered between the system and its surroundings.
It is used in Lenz's Law to determine the change in flux of a conductor.
Something other than zero.
A motor uses energy to spin the coils in a magnetic field. A generator spins the coils to create an potential difference.


31. What is the electric field's magnitude inside of a container made from an electrical CONDUCTOR?
A change in the gas' temperature.
'm' is replaced by 'q -' and 'g' is replaced by 'E.' W=mg is replaced by F=qE. The second formula describes the force on a charged particle in uniform electric field.
Zero.
The centripetal acceleration points along the radius towards the center of the circle. (Just like the centripetal force.)


32. What is the area under the acceleration versus time graph?
The measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules.
The CHANGE in velocity.
frequency (Think of the color as not changing.)
ZERO


33. When are f - p - q - ho - hi - and M positive for mirrors?
A1v1=a2v2
When the object is beyond the focus for a concave mirror.
Resistance: R=R1+R2+R3+...
Zero.


34. When is sum of force (net force) NOT zero?

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35. What kind of image do you get when the object is placed at the focus?
Potential difference is the change in energy of a charged particle divided by its charge.
No image.
Initial velocity
THe force that holds the nucleus together.


36. What is meant by the terms system and environment?
G(M:earth)/r^2 ...force of gravity = G(M:earth)(M:body)/r^2
Work of a system is equal to 1-Qc/Qh
system is the gas being studied. Environment is the surroundings outside the gas.
ZERO


37. When is sum of force (net force) zero?
Current stays the same for resistors in series.
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.
When the body rests on a surface.
When a body is moving at a constant velocity or not moving at all.


38. The speed of a ball when it lands at the same height it was thrown from.
The electric force (Coulomb's Law) can attract and repel and it depends on charge. Universal Gravity depends on mass and always attracts.
Converging lenses have a positive focal length.
Initial velocity
Same number of protons by a different number of neutrons. e.g. Carbon-12 versus Carbon-14


39. Define reflection
wave speed = (wavelength)(frequency)
The bouncing of light
The light travels through the image.
ROY-G-BIV: Red - Orange - Yellow - Green - Blue - Indigo - Violet


40. What comprises alpha radiation?
Resistance: R=R1+R2+R3+...
The release of a Helium nuclei - 4 -2 He2+
'm' is replaced by 'q -' and 'g' is replaced by 'E.' W=mg is replaced by F=qE. The second formula describes the force on a charged particle in uniform electric field.
E=hf=hc/(wavelength)


41. S.I. Unit of electric force
Potential difference is the change in energy of a charged particle divided by its charge.
Newton
Lost kinetic energy is work. It is calculated from Fd or KE:final - KE:initial
Reflection is the bouncing of waves. Refraction is the bending of waves. Diffraction bends waves around small objects and causes interference from a coherent sources.


42. S.I. unit of pressure
Pascal
Radio - Infrared - Visible - UltraViolet - X-Rays - Gamma Rays.
According to Coulomb's Law - the new force is 6/4 times the old charge.
The thicker the wire - the lower the resistance.


43. What equation describes the speed in the x-direction of a projectile 't' seconds after it started moving?
Vx=(Vxo)t ...Recall that there is no acceleration in the horizontal direction.
'q' is a single particle's charge and 'Q' is the sum of all the charges. Q=q1+q2+q3+q4...
Potential difference is the change in energy of a charged particle divided by its charge.
Tesla


44. Condition for no rotation
The nucleus
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt
F=qE
Sum of the torques equal zero.


45. What does the term electric potential energy mean?
Only 1/2 a wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/2
When it is on the same side as the image?
Electric potential is the potential energy associated with the electric force F=qE
The centripetal acceleration points along the radius towards the center of the circle. (Just like the centripetal force.)


46. S.I. unit of Flow rate
(1) Straight through the vertex. (2) Parallel then through the primary focus.
Initial velocity
m^3/s
No image.


47. What are the differences and similarities between transverse and longitudinal waves?

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48. What shapes are converging lenses?
Heat - (the 'Q' variable) - is POSITIVE when thermal energy is being ADDED to a system.
Lenses that are fatter in the middle than on the edges.
Work is the change in kinetic energy. Work transfers energy to and from a body
But placing more obstacles in the path of the charge's flow.


49. What does the term potential difference mean?
Electromagnetic induction occurs when a conductor is moved through a magnetic field such that a component of the fields is perpendicular to the current;s direction.
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
Potential difference is the change in energy of a charged particle divided by its charge.
The motion of the molecules in gas.


50. What force is always present - and what is its equation?
The electric force (Coulomb's Law) can attract and repel and it depends on charge. Universal Gravity depends on mass and always attracts.
2(pi)R/T ...Circumference/Period
The nucleus
Weight ...w=mg