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AP Physics

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are the three rules needed for mirrors - since not all three work every time?
E=hf
The transfer of thermal energy
(1) Bounced off the vertex. (2) Parallel the through the focus. (3) Through the focus and parallel.
KE=(3/2)kT where k is Boltzman's constant

2. What does upward slope on a displacement versus time graph imply about the velocity.
It is the release of photoelectrons released by photons with an energy (E=hf) above the work function.
It is the net force pointing towards the center.
(Cross-sectional Area)(Velocity)
The velocity is positive

3. What is the general equation for motion down a slope and how does it change if the object is going up the slope?
x=Vo + ((1/2)g)sin(angle)t^2
Moment arm
How quickly you change velocity.
Electromagnetic wave exits the electrons to a higher orbital. When the electron relaxes - a wavelength of light is given off.

4. What comprises beta radiation?
The release of an electron and antineutrino or the release of a positron and a neutrino.
THe force that holds the nucleus together.
Watt
g=zero so h=(Vyo)t

5. What is the binding energy?
Newton
The energy required to remove an electron or nucleon from a molecule.
Work of a system is equal to 1-Qc/Qh
Bends waves around small objects and the interference of waves from a coherent sources.

6. What is mass energy equivalence?
Energy and mass are equated by E=mc^2.
Work
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.
(1) Straight through the vertex. (2) Parallel then through the primary focus.

7. What is ionization energy and how does it compare to the work function?
Obstacles in the path of the flow of charges.
Joule
It is towards the center and downwards a little. It is the sum of the normal force perpendicular to the bowl and the weight downwards.
The work function is a minimum amount of energy needed to release a photon from a collection in the surface of a material. The ionization energy is the energy needed to release an electron from a single - free-floating - molecule. the ionization ener

8. What is an adiabatic process?
Concave
Atomic mass number minus atomic number.
An adiabatic process is where no thermal energy is transfered between the system and its surroundings.
According to Coulomb's Law - the new force is 6/4 times the old charge.

9. When is sum of force (net force) zero?
The transfer of thermal energy
KE=Work
The NET work BY a system is the area enclosed in a cycle on a PV diagram.
When a body is moving at a constant velocity or not moving at all.

10. The 'V' is (rho)Vg
ROY-G-BIV: Red - Orange - Yellow - Green - Blue - Indigo - Violet
The electron
Heat - (the 'Q' variable) - is POSITIVE when thermal energy is being ADDED to a system.
The volume under water

11. What is the difference between the variable 'q' and 'Q?'?

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12. What is implied when an object is not accelerating in the x direction?
V=kq/R
2(pi)R/T ...Circumference/Period
The body is moving at a constant velocity
Gamma

13. What causes radioactivity?
The release of a particle or photon from an UNSTABLE nucleus.
KE = (3/2)kT
the refracted ray bends TOWARDS the normal line.
Alpha

14. What is the difference between emf and voltage?
Emf is the maximum available energy per charge at the terminal of a power source. Voltage is the actual available energy per charge at the terminals of a power source. Some energy is lost due to the source internal resistance.
E=V/d
Obstacles in the path of the flow of charges.
It is the time for 1/2 a substance to decay by radioactive processes.

15. What shape is a diverging lenses?
The release of an energetic photon from an overly excited molecule.
Break it up into x and y components using trig - add up the components.
Lenses that are thinner in the middle than on the edges.
The centripetal force points along the radius towards the center of the circle.

16. What is the y intercept of the velocity time graph?
The initial velocity - (Vo in the formulas)
It is the release of photoelectrons released by photons with an energy (E=hf) above the work function.
Transverse waves: The displacement is perpendicular to the wave's motion. Longitudinal waves: The displacement is in the direction of the wave's motion.
Impulse is the change in momentum

17. Gauge Pressure

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18. What is temperature?
Light must travel from more to less dense so the refracted ray can bend away from the normal.
Newton
The measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules.
Radio - Infrared - Visible - UltraViolet - X-Rays - Gamma Rays.

19. If you double the mass of one planet - triple the mass of another - and move them twice as far apart - what happens to the force of attraction between them?
Convex
The new force is 2/4 or 1/2 times the old force. ...Because the force of gravity varies directly with the masses and inverse squared to the distance apart.
The charge on each capacitor.
Newton

20. What is the relationship between voltage - current and resistance?

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21. S.I. unit of every kind of energy
Joule
The particle travels in a circle. Radius=momentum/qB
Potential energy stored in gravity (PE = mgh)
Work by a system is negative when the gas contracts. (The volume decreases.)

22. What is the component of 'mg' parallel to a slope?
Power ... Power equals the change in energy over time.
Diverging
(mg)sin(angle)
The centripetal force points along the radius towards the center of the circle.

23. What cause an electromagnetic wave - and what makes the wave propagate indefinitely even in a vacuum?
The thicker the wire - the lower the resistance.
The interaction between an oscillating electric magnetic fields that are oriented 90° to each other. It propagates indefinitely because the wave takes its own medium.
Adding the momentum of all the bodies.
A change in the gas' temperature.

24. Define mass in terms of density.
Work is the change in kinetic energy. Work transfers energy to and from a body
m=(rho)V
G(M:earth)/r^2 ...force of gravity = G(M:earth)(M:body)/r^2
Same number of protons by a different number of neutrons. e.g. Carbon-12 versus Carbon-14

25. What is the electric field's magnitude inside of a container made from an electrical INSULATOR?
Lenses that are fatter in the middle than on the edges.
Something other than zero.
KE=(3/2)kT where k is Boltzman's constant
W=qV

26. What stays the same for resistors or capacitors in parallel?
Change in voltage across the resistor or capacitor.
The charge on each capacitor.
The nucleus
When the object is beyond the focus for a concave mirror.

27. S.I. unit of pressure
Pascal
Weber
Pendulums depend on the length of the arm and the pull of gravity. springs depend on mass and the spring constant.
Alpha

28. What kind of image do you get when the object is placed at the focus?
The force is perpendicular to the motion to get a circular path of motion. (Think about centripetal force.)
No image.
Bends waves around small objects and the interference of waves from a coherent sources.
Weber

29. What is the name given to the distance between the pivot point and applied perpendicular force?
Work of a system is equal to 1-Qc/Qh
Diverging lenses have a negative focal length.
Moment arm
Work done 'BY' the gas.

30. What is the direction of the centripetal force?
Newton
The centripetal force points along the radius towards the center of the circle.
Vertical direction
F=qE

31. What is the Bohr Model of the atom?
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.
That the orbits of the electrons are like planets around the Sun.
The volume under water
A motor uses energy to spin the coils in a magnetic field. A generator spins the coils to create an potential difference.

32. What is the horizontal acceleration of projectiles?
The force is perpendicular to the motion to get a circular path of motion. (Think about centripetal force.)
ZERO
KE = (3/2)kT
x=(1/2)at^2 ...Horizontal velocity does not affect the time of fall.

33. How can total momentum be calculated?
Magnitude and direction
Only 1/2 a wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/2
Atomic number is the number of protons. Atomic mass number is the number of nucleons - (protons and neutrons.)
Adding the momentum of all the bodies.

34. S.I. unit of flux
Weber
m^3/s
It is the time for 1/2 a substance to decay by radioactive processes.
Break it up into x and y components using trig - add up the components.

35. Formula for work as a charged particle travels across two charged plates
W=qV
wave speed = (wavelength)(frequency)
When a body is moving at a constant velocity or not moving at all.
'q' is a single particle's charge and 'Q' is the sum of all the charges. Q=q1+q2+q3+q4...

36. What is an isotope?
Convex
Same number of protons by a different number of neutrons. e.g. Carbon-12 versus Carbon-14
When it is on the same side as the image?
This is the highest point of the swinging motion. PE is at a maximum. Displacement is the greatest from equilibrium. KE and Velocity are zero.

37. What is work energy theorem and what is its significance?
Weight ...w=mg
Work is the change in kinetic energy. Work transfers energy to and from a body
N•m
Newton

38. What is force times the parallel diplacement?
An adiabatic process is where no thermal energy is transfered between the system and its surroundings.
Pgh ..thats ('rho')(gravity's acceleration)(height)
Work
'm' is replaced by 'q -' and 'g' is replaced by 'E.' W=mg is replaced by F=qE. The second formula describes the force on a charged particle in uniform electric field.

39. How does a wires composition effect resistance?

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40. What is the direction of the centripetal acceleration?
The work function is a minimum amount of energy needed to release a photon from a collection in the surface of a material. The ionization energy is the energy needed to release an electron from a single - free-floating - molecule. the ionization ener
Parallel. Because the plates are shared.
The centripetal acceleration points along the radius towards the center of the circle. (Just like the centripetal force.)
Electric potential is the potential energy associated with the electric force F=qE

41. What did Thompson discover?
The electron
Adding the momentum of all the bodies.
The thicker the wire - the lower the resistance.
Zero.

42. What conservation law dictates that the frequency of light cannot change as it travels between mediums?
The initial velocity - (Vo in the formulas)
ZERO. Because the force is perpendicular to the displacement . (Open right hand rule.)
Zero. Because the displacement is perpendicular to the force (centripetal force.)
Conservation of Energy ... because E=hf

43. What is the order of the electromagnetic spectrum?
How quickly you change velocity.
Torque
Radio - Infrared - Visible - UltraViolet - X-Rays - Gamma Rays.
F=qE

44. Energy of a SINGLE photon
The movement of charges is the current and it is measures by the number of charges per second at a point.
E=hf
Vy=Vyo + gt ...Watch the signs.
E=kq/R^2

45. What happens at the critical angle?
Dark in the middle and alternating light and dark spots after that.
Force= Pressure/Area
Atomic number is the number of protons. Atomic mass number is the number of nucleons - (protons and neutrons.)
The refracted light ray is bent 90°. (Parallel to the interface surface.)

46. Condition for no rotation
the refracted ray bends TOWARDS the normal line.
Light must travel from more to less dense so the refracted ray can bend away from the normal.
Sum of the torques equal zero.
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt

47. S.I. unit of centripetal force
Only 1/4 wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/4
Newton
Every point on a wave front is a secondary source.
In front of the mirror - in the light.

48. Which type of lenses have a NEGATIVE focal length?
The centripetal acceleration points along the radius towards the center of the circle. (Just like the centripetal force.)
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.
Diverging lenses have a negative focal length.
Atmospheric pressure

49. How does the speed change when the pressure is decreased?
E=hf ...E=energy of a single photon (J) - h = Plank's constant - f=frequency (Hz)
The centripetal force is the net force. It's magnitude is calculated from F=ma where 'a' is the centripetal force.
Speed ups
V - a Joule/Coulomb

50. How is the force on a charged particle in a magnetic field creating the path calculated?
The force is perpendicular to the motion. This always results in a curved path. (Open right hand rule)
Vy=Vyo + gt ...Watch the signs.
Weber
Entropy always increases.