AP Physics

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the law of reflection?
According to Coulomb's Law - the new force is 6/4 times the old charge.
The Law of reflection states that the incident angle of a wave is equal to the reflected angle.
Every point on a wave front is a secondary source.
W=qV where 'W' is the work - 'q' is the charge and 'V' is the potential difference measured in Volts.


2. In a pendulum or spring - what are the displacement - velocity - PES - and K at maximum displacement?
DU = Q+W ...dU:of the environment = Q:from the environment + W:by the environment
The transfer of thermal energy
x=(1/2)at^2 Remember - the word 'dropped' implies no initial velocity.
This is the highest point of the swinging motion. PE is at a maximum. Displacement is the greatest from equilibrium. KE and Velocity are zero.


3. S.I. unit of power
P=IV
Break it up into x and y components using trig - add up the components.
Watt
The movement of charges is the current and it is measures by the number of charges per second at a point.


4. What is transmutation?
Lost kinetic energy is work. It is calculated from Fd or KE:final - KE:initial
The higher the temperature the higher the resistance. They are proportional to each other.
It is when a nucleon changes properties. Like a neutron changing into a proton.
A potential difference and a flow and energized charges.


5. What equation describes the speed of a dropped object 't' seconds after it started moving?

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6. What conservation law dictates that the frequency of light cannot change as it travels between mediums?
Conservation of Energy ... because E=hf
Weight ...w=mg
The NET work BY a system is the area enclosed in a cycle on a PV diagram.
Work by a system is negative when the gas contracts. (The volume decreases.)


7. A ball rolls inside a salad bowl. The ball is released along the top edge and rolls down before climbing to the same height on the opposite side of the bowl. What is the direction of the acceleration of the ball when it at the bottom of the bowl?
The acceleration is towards the center. It is supplied by the normal force and points towards the center.
Resistance: R=R1+R2+R3+...
The release of a Helium nuclei - 4 -2 He2+
ZERO


8. What does light absorption involve?
Electromagnetic wave exits the electrons to a higher orbital. When the electron relaxes - a wavelength of light is given off.
(rho)gh
Potential energy stored in gravity (PE = mgh)
The incoming light (electromagnetic wave) has the same frequency as some of the electrons.


9. How does the closed right hand rule work in electromagnetic induction?

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10. What is the area under any PV curve?

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11. Force in terms of pressure
Gamma
The energy required to remove an electron or nucleon from a molecule.
The refracted light ray is bent 90°. (Parallel to the interface surface.)
Force= Pressure/Area


12. What comprises beta radiation?
The release of an electron and antineutrino or the release of a positron and a neutrino.
Convex
Diverging lenses have a negative focal length.
The particle travels in a circle. Radius=momentum/qB


13. How does impulse relate to force?
ZERO. Because the force is perpendicular to the displacement . (Open right hand rule.)
Gamma
Potential energy stored in gravity (PE = mgh)
Impulse is (force)(time)


14. What is the work done on a charged particle by the magnetic field? Why?
V=kq/R
ZERO. Because the force is perpendicular to the displacement . (Open right hand rule.)
(rho)gh
The work function is a minimum amount of energy needed to release a photon from a collection in the surface of a material. The ionization energy is the energy needed to release an electron from a single - free-floating - molecule. the ionization ener


15. Under what conditions is heat negative?

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16. What quantity is calculated from slope of the displacement versus time graph?
Change in voltage across the resistor or capacitor.
The Law of reflection states that the incident angle of a wave is equal to the reflected angle.
The release of a Helium nuclei - 4 -2 He2+
velocity


17. What is electromagnetic induction?
Energy and mass are equated by E=mc^2.
Zero. Because the displacement is perpendicular to the force (centripetal force.)
g=zero so h=(Vyo)t
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt


18. Under what conditions does entropy increase?
Entropy always increases.
Velocity has a direction and speed does not have direction.
Joule
Watt


19. How does a wires composition effect resistance?

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20. Continuity equation
A1v1=a2v2
Velocity has a direction and speed does not have direction.
It is the time for 1/2 a substance to decay by radioactive processes.
x=(1/2)at^2 Remember - the word 'dropped' implies no initial velocity.


21. What do you know about two objects that are launched at different horizontal velocities?
The measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules.
They fall - vertically - the by the same amount in the same time.
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.
frequency (Think of the color as not changing.)


22. What is the energy equation if a force (friction) through a distance results in heat and thus a change in temperature?
Vy=Vyo + gt ...Watch the signs.
V=kq/R
KE=Work
The centripetal acceleration points along the radius towards the center of the circle. (Just like the centripetal force.)


23. What does the term potential difference mean?
(mg)sin(angle)
Potential difference is the change in energy of a charged particle divided by its charge.
Resistance: R=R1+R2+R3+...
E=kq/R^2


24. Electric force felt by a charge due to another charge.
It is used in Lenz's Law to determine the change in flux of a conductor.
F=kq1q2/R^2
(mg)sin(angle)
The force is perpendicular to the motion to get a circular path of motion. (Think about centripetal force.)


25. What is half life?
A reflected ray's phase is changes by 180° when the ray is bounced as it tries to travel from a lower to higher index of refraction. It is also changed y 180° when it bounces off of shiny surfaces.
ROY-G-BIV: Red - Orange - Yellow - Green - Blue - Indigo - Violet
Joule
It is the time for 1/2 a substance to decay by radioactive processes.


26. What is the formula relating emf and voltage?
V=E - IR V=terminal voltage (Volts) - E = emf: electromotiveforce (Volts) - IR = Internal drop in energy per charge (Volts)
ROY-G-BIV: Red - Orange - Yellow - Green - Blue - Indigo - Violet
Convex
Longitudinal Wave: Sound wave - Transverse Wave: Light wave - 'The Wave' in a a crowd at a porting event.


27. How much work is the work done on an object moving in a circle? Why?
Work of a system is equal to 1-Qc/Qh
Current stays the same for resistors in series.
Convex
Zero. Because the displacement is perpendicular to the force (centripetal force.)


28. What equation describes the speed in the x-direction of a projectile 't' seconds after it started moving?
Newton
V=kq/R
Vx=(Vxo)t ...Recall that there is no acceleration in the horizontal direction.
Only 1/2 a wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/2


29. What is force times the parallel diplacement?
When a body is moving at a constant velocity or not moving at all.
It is the net force pointing towards the center.
Parallel. Because the plates are shared.
Work


30. What is the difference between atomic number and atomic mass number?
The light travels through the image.
Atomic number is the number of protons. Atomic mass number is the number of nucleons - (protons and neutrons.)
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.
Initial velocity


31. How is tube length and wavelength related for a tube that is opened on both ends?
(1) Bounced off the vertex. (2) Parallel the through the focus. (3) Through the focus and parallel.
the refracted ray bends AWAY from the normal line.
Only 1/2 a wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/2
The release of an electron and antineutrino or the release of a positron and a neutrino.


32. Describe the relationship between Qh - Qc - and W in a heat engine?
That the orbits of the electrons are like planets around the Sun.
Work of a system is equal to 1-Qc/Qh
Radio - Infrared - Visible - UltraViolet - X-Rays - Gamma Rays.
Concave


33. What is the Bohr Model of the atom?
E=hf ...E=energy of a single photon (J) - h = Plank's constant - f=frequency (Hz)
That the orbits of the electrons are like planets around the Sun.
The higher the temperature the higher the resistance. They are proportional to each other.
m^3/s


34. This is used to determine the speed of a fluid when the pipe slopes up or down.

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35. Define Snell's law.
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
(n1)sin(theta1) = (n2)sin(theta2)
The particle travels in a circle. Radius=momentum/qB
W = KE:final - KE:initial


36. S.I. unit of work
The force is perpendicular to the motion to get a circular path of motion. (Think about centripetal force.)
Parallel. Because the plates are shared.
(rho)gh
Joule


37. What is the binding energy?
The initial velocity - (Vo in the formulas)
Broad bright spot in the middle and alternating dark and light spots to the sides.
This is the highest point of the swinging motion. PE is at a maximum. Displacement is the greatest from equilibrium. KE and Velocity are zero.
The energy required to remove an electron or nucleon from a molecule.


38. What is the horizontal acceleration of projectiles?
(Cross-sectional Area)(Velocity)
Vx=(Vxo)t ...Recall that there is no acceleration in the horizontal direction.
Adding the momentum of all the bodies.
ZERO


39. What is the path of a charged particle in a magnetic field?
The particle travels in a circle. Radius=momentum/qB
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.
DU = Q+W ...dU:of the environment = Q:from the environment + W:by the environment
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt


40. If you have two charges - and you double one charge and triple the other - and move them twice as far apart - what happens to the force of attraction / repulsion between them?

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41. What does light emission involve?
Bends waves around small objects and the interference of waves from a coherent sources.
It is the time for 1/2 a substance to decay by radioactive processes.
Electromagnetic wave exits the electrons to a higher orbital. When the electron relaxes - a wavelength of light is given off.
Joule


42. When is sum of force (net force) NOT zero?

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43. What does the term electric potential energy mean?
The Law of reflection states that the incident angle of a wave is equal to the reflected angle.
This is the highest point of the swinging motion. PE is at a maximum. Displacement is the greatest from equilibrium. KE and Velocity are zero.
Emf is the maximum available energy per charge at the terminal of a power source. Voltage is the actual available energy per charge at the terminals of a power source. Some energy is lost due to the source internal resistance.
Electric potential is the potential energy associated with the electric force F=qE


44. How are velocity and speed different?
When the object is beyond the focus for a concave mirror.
Moment arm
Velocity has a direction and speed does not have direction.
'q' is a single particle's charge and 'Q' is the sum of all the charges. Q=q1+q2+q3+q4...


45. What comprises gamma decay?
Every point on a wave front is a secondary source.
'q' is a single particle's charge and 'Q' is the sum of all the charges. Q=q1+q2+q3+q4...
The release of an energetic photon from an overly excited molecule.
E=hf ...E=energy of a single photon (J) - h = Plank's constant - f=frequency (Hz)


46. Under what conditions is heat positive?

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47. How is tube length and wavelength related for a tube that is closed on ONE end?
Vertical direction
The electric force (Coulomb's Law) can attract and repel and it depends on charge. Universal Gravity depends on mass and always attracts.
Only 1/4 wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/4
Light must travel from more to less dense so the refracted ray can bend away from the normal.


48. Define Refraction
Joule
ZERO. Because the force is perpendicular to the displacement . (Open right hand rule.)
The bending of light
Zero.


49. What is force times time?
The graph of force vs displacement
Impulse
Lenses that are fatter in the middle than on the edges.
Diverging lenses have a negative focal length.


50. Energy of a SINGLE photon
Entropy always increases.
When a body is moving at a constant velocity or not moving at all.
E=hf
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.