AP Physics

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. The speed of a ball when it lands at the same height it was thrown from.
Torque
That the orbits of the electrons are like planets around the Sun.
Initial velocity
Converging lenses have a positive focal length.


2. What is the strong force?
Diverging lenses have a negative focal length.
the refracted ray bends TOWARDS the normal line.
THe force that holds the nucleus together.
The volume under water


3. In a pendulum or spring - what are the displacement - velocity - PE and KE at the equilibrium position?
Alpha
Displacement is zero because it is measured from equilibrium position. KE and velocity are at a maximum and it is the lowest point so PE due to gravity is at zero.
In front of the mirror - in the light.
Joule


4. What stays the same for capacitors in series?
When the body rests on a surface.
The charge on each capacitor.
Statistically speaking - energy flows from hot to cold.
P=IV


5. What is implied when an object is not accelerating in the y direction?
N/C
Statistically speaking - energy flows from hot to cold.
g=zero so h=(Vyo)t
The nucleus


6. Which kind of lens always has a virtual image?
Weight ...w=mg
Energy and mass are equated by E=mc^2.
Diverging
THe force that holds the nucleus together.


7. How is the magnitude of the force on a current carrying wire calculated?

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8. Define diffraction
Atmospheric pressure
It is used in Lenz's Law to determine the change in flux of a conductor.
Bends waves around small objects and the interference of waves from a coherent sources.
Electric potential is the potential energy associated with the electric force F=qE


9. Under what conditions is work by a system ( gas) positive?
The particle travels in a circle. Radius=momentum/qB
Work by a system is positive when the gas expands. (The volume increases.)
(1) The image is larger than the object: ho>hi. (2) image is upright.
It is when a nucleon changes properties. Like a neutron changing into a proton.


10. In a pendulum or spring - what are the displacement - velocity - PES - and K at maximum displacement?
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.
This is the highest point of the swinging motion. PE is at a maximum. Displacement is the greatest from equilibrium. KE and Velocity are zero.
It is an arrow that DOES NOT touch the body. Recall that the net force is the answer when all the forces are added up.
Potential energy stored in gravity (PE = mgh)


11. What is force times the perpendicular distance?
Torque
The PVT conditions change for a gas without changing the temperature.
When the object is beyond the focus for a concave mirror.
Concave mirrors are converging mirrors.


12. What is the component of 'mg' parallel to a slope?
Pascal
Vy=Vyo + gt ...Watch the signs.
(1) Bounced off the vertex. (2) Parallel the through the focus. (3) Through the focus and parallel.
(mg)sin(angle)


13. What is the energy of a photon?

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14. How is the net work of a system (gas) measured?
Joule
Resistance: R=R1+R2+R3+...
The NET work BY a system is the area enclosed in a cycle on a PV diagram.
Power ... Power equals the change in energy over time.


15. What quantity ADDS for resistors in series?
Resistance: R=R1+R2+R3+...
The motion of the molecules in gas.
When it is on the same side as the image?
Tesla


16. What is needed for electromagnetic induction to occur?
Tesla
Electromagnetic induction occurs when a conductor is moved through a magnetic field such that a component of the fields is perpendicular to the current;s direction.
It is towards the center and downwards a little. It is the sum of the normal force perpendicular to the bowl and the weight downwards.
KE=(3/2)kT where k is Boltzman's constant


17. Mathematically what does centripetal force represent and how is centripetal force calculated?

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18. How is the direction of the force on a current carrying wire calculated?
Sum of the torques equal zero.
Joule
Open right hand rule
The velocity is positive


19. What is the law of reflection?
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.
The release of an energetic photon from an overly excited molecule.
The Law of reflection states that the incident angle of a wave is equal to the reflected angle.
THe force that holds the nucleus together.


20. What is the difference between a motor and a generator?
Pendulums depend on the length of the arm and the pull of gravity. springs depend on mass and the spring constant.
Q=0 because thermal energy is not transfered between the system and its surroundings
A motor uses energy to spin the coils in a magnetic field. A generator spins the coils to create an potential difference.
'm' is replaced by 'q -' and 'g' is replaced by 'E.' W=mg is replaced by F=qE. The second formula describes the force on a charged particle in uniform electric field.


21. What does upward slope on a displacement versus time graph imply about the velocity.
frequency (Think of the color as not changing.)
The thicker the wire - the lower the resistance.
The velocity is positive
A change in the gas' temperature.


22. Average kinetic energy of an ideal gas's SINGLE molecule.
m^3/s
KE = (3/2)kT
F=kq1q2/R^2
Joule


23. Flow Rate
The release of an electron and antineutrino or the release of a positron and a neutrino.
It is the net force pointing towards the center.
m^3/s
(Cross-sectional Area)(Velocity)


24. Which kind of mirror can show a real image?
N•m
'm' is replaced by 'q -' and 'g' is replaced by 'E.' W=mg is replaced by F=qE. The second formula describes the force on a charged particle in uniform electric field.
Concave
Atomic number is the number of protons. Atomic mass number is the number of nucleons - (protons and neutrons.)


25. What is the name given to the distance between the pivot point and applied perpendicular force?
Newton
Parallel. Because the plates are shared.
Dark in the middle and alternating light and dark spots after that.
Moment arm


26. What quantity is calculated from slope of the displacement versus time graph?
G(M:earth)/r^2 ...force of gravity = G(M:earth)(M:body)/r^2
Displacement is zero because it is measured from equilibrium position. KE and velocity are at a maximum and it is the lowest point so PE due to gravity is at zero.
Work by a system is positive when the gas expands. (The volume increases.)
velocity


27. What do the period of pendulums and springs each depend on?
Initial velocity
Power ... Power equals the change in energy over time.
Atmospheric pressure
Pendulums depend on the length of the arm and the pull of gravity. springs depend on mass and the spring constant.


28. What is work energy theorem and what is its significance?
Work is the change in kinetic energy. Work transfers energy to and from a body
Speed ups
The new force is 2/4 or 1/2 times the old force. ...Because the force of gravity varies directly with the masses and inverse squared to the distance apart.
Light must travel from more to less dense so the refracted ray can bend away from the normal.


29. Under what conditions is heat negative?

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30. How can you tell when an engine is a Carnot Engine?

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31. What is the energy equation for the change in temperature if it results from a loss in KE?

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32. How is tube length and wavelength related for a tube that is opened on both ends?
Same number of protons by a different number of neutrons. e.g. Carbon-12 versus Carbon-14
(1) Bounced off the vertex. (2) Parallel the through the focus. (3) Through the focus and parallel.
(n1)sin(theta1) = (n2)sin(theta2)
Only 1/2 a wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/2


33. How is a force's direction oriented compared to a bodies direction of motion to get a circular (curved) path of motion?
The force is perpendicular to the motion to get a circular path of motion. (Think about centripetal force.)
The nucleus
Potential difference is the change in energy of a charged particle divided by its charge.
When the object is beyond the focus for a concave mirror.


34. Under what conditions is mechanical work negative?
Pgh ..thats ('rho')(gravity's acceleration)(height)
Weight ...w=mg
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
N•m


35. What is implied when an object is not accelerating in the x direction?
(rho)gh
The body is moving at a constant velocity
The measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules.
Pgh ..thats ('rho')(gravity's acceleration)(height)


36. S.I. unit of torque
Conservation of Energy ... because E=hf
Newton
N•m
Gamma


37. What is conservation of energy and what is its significance?
Heat - (the 'Q' variable) - is NEGATIVE when thermal energy is being REMOVED from a system.
Weight ...w=mg
The charge on each capacitor.
Sum of all the energy forms before a condition equals the sum of all the energy forms after the condition.


38. What kind of capacitor circuit adds to find the total capacitance?
The force is perpendicular to the motion to get a circular path of motion. (Think about centripetal force.)
Parallel. Because the plates are shared.
The longer the length of wire - the higher the resistance.
kg•m/s


39. Unit of energy for electricity.
V - a Joule/Coulomb
Convex
the refracted ray bends AWAY from the normal line.
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.


40. What kind of mirror has a positive focus?
Concave
This is the highest point of the swinging motion. PE is at a maximum. Displacement is the greatest from equilibrium. KE and Velocity are zero.
DU = Q+W ...dU:of the environment = Q:from the environment + W:by the environment
When the object is beyond the focus for a concave mirror.


41. What quantity stays the same for resistors in series?
Current stays the same for resistors in series.
Zero. Because the displacement is perpendicular to the force (centripetal force.)
When it is on the same side as the image?
The energy required to remove an electron or nucleon from a molecule.


42. What shape is a diverging mirror?
the refracted ray bends TOWARDS the normal line.
KE=Work
Sum of all the energy forms before a condition equals the sum of all the energy forms after the condition.
convex mirrors are diverging mirrors.


43. This is used to determine the speed of a fluid when the pipe slopes up or down.

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44. S.I. unit of momentum
wave speed = (wavelength)(frequency)
The Law of reflection states that the incident angle of a wave is equal to the reflected angle.
convex mirrors are diverging mirrors.
kg•m/s


45. What direction controls time in falling body and projectile motion problems?
Emf is the maximum available energy per charge at the terminal of a power source. Voltage is the actual available energy per charge at the terminals of a power source. Some energy is lost due to the source internal resistance.
N/C
Vertical direction
Velocity has a direction and speed does not have direction.


46. Gauge Pressure

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47. What happens at the critical angle?
Magnitude and direction
Atmospheric pressure
The energy required to remove an electron or nucleon from a molecule.
The refracted light ray is bent 90°. (Parallel to the interface surface.)


48. Under what conditions is heat positive?

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49. How is sum of force (net force) depicted in a free body diagram?
Kinetic energy is conserved for an elastic collision and not for an inelastic collision. ELASTIC: m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v1'+m1v2': INELASTIC: m1v1 + m2v2 = (m1+m1)v
Torque
It is an arrow that DOES NOT touch the body. Recall that the net force is the answer when all the forces are added up.
ZERO


50. What is the relationship between voltage - current and resistance?

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