AP Physics

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How is tube length and wavelength related for a tube that is opened on both ends?
Only 1/2 a wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/2
A displacement must occur. ( W=Fd)
V=kq/R
frequency (Think of the color as not changing.)


2. What is the difference between elastic and inelastic collisions? State the relevant equations for each.

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3. When is the image negative for a lens?
Work by a system is negative when the gas contracts. (The volume decreases.)
Vy=Vyo + gt ...Watch the signs.
When it is on the same side as the image?
The nucleus


4. What is an adiabatic process?
Lost kinetic energy is work. It is calculated from Fd or KE:final - KE:initial
A1v1=a2v2
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.
An adiabatic process is where no thermal energy is transfered between the system and its surroundings.


5. What is an isotope?
It is towards the center and downwards a little. It is the sum of the normal force perpendicular to the bowl and the weight downwards.
The release of an energetic photon from an overly excited molecule.
The refracted light ray is bent 90°. (Parallel to the interface surface.)
Same number of protons by a different number of neutrons. e.g. Carbon-12 versus Carbon-14


6. What is force times time?
Impulse
The incoming light (electromagnetic wave) has the same frequency as some of the electrons.
Radio - Infrared - Visible - UltraViolet - X-Rays - Gamma Rays.
Displacement


7. What conditions are necessary to change the reflected ray's phase by 180°?

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8. What are 2 key differences between electric force and gravitational force?

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9. What comprises alpha radiation?
Emf is the maximum available energy per charge at the terminal of a power source. Voltage is the actual available energy per charge at the terminals of a power source. Some energy is lost due to the source internal resistance.
When it is on the 'dark' side of the mirror. Opposite the light.
The release of a Helium nuclei - 4 -2 He2+
The Law of reflection states that the incident angle of a wave is equal to the reflected angle.


10. How is a force's direction oriented compared to a bodies direction of motion to get a circular (curved) path of motion?
The force is perpendicular to the motion to get a circular path of motion. (Think about centripetal force.)
When it is on the same side as the image?
Electromagnetic wave exits the electrons to a higher orbital. When the electron relaxes - a wavelength of light is given off.
(1) Bounced off the vertex. (2) Parallel the through the focus. (3) Through the focus and parallel.


11. Continuity equation
Newton
No image.
When the body rests on a surface.
A1v1=a2v2


12. When light travels from LESS dense to a MORE dense mediums - how does the refracted ray bend in relation to the normal line?
Potential difference is the change in energy of a charged particle divided by its charge.
P=IV
Longitudinal Wave: Sound wave - Transverse Wave: Light wave - 'The Wave' in a a crowd at a porting event.
the refracted ray bends TOWARDS the normal line.


13. What is internal energy?
Reflection is the bouncing of waves. Refraction is the bending of waves. Diffraction bends waves around small objects and causes interference from a coherent sources.
The motion of the molecules in gas.
Impulse is the change in momentum
Power ... Power equals the change in energy over time.


14. What is a key requirement in order for work to be done?
A displacement must occur. ( W=Fd)
Something other than zero.
This is the highest point of the swinging motion. PE is at a maximum. Displacement is the greatest from equilibrium. KE and Velocity are zero.
Transverse waves: The displacement is perpendicular to the wave's motion. Longitudinal waves: The displacement is in the direction of the wave's motion.


15. How are velocity and speed different?
Velocity has a direction and speed does not have direction.
The Law of reflection states that the incident angle of a wave is equal to the reflected angle.
It is the net force pointing towards the center.
This is the highest point of the swinging motion. PE is at a maximum. Displacement is the greatest from equilibrium. KE and Velocity are zero.


16. What quantity stays the same for resistors in series?
Speed ups
The refracted light ray is bent 90°. (Parallel to the interface surface.)
Current stays the same for resistors in series.
Weight ...w=mg


17. What did Rutherford discover?
The charge on each capacitor.
kg•m/s
F=kq1q2/R^2
The nucleus


18. What is the order of the visible range electromagnetic spectrum?
Parallel. Because the plates are shared.
Vertical direction
ROY-G-BIV: Red - Orange - Yellow - Green - Blue - Indigo - Violet
F=Bilsin(theta) ...F=Force (N) - B:=magnetic field (T) - i=current (A) - l=length of wire in the field (m) - theta is the acute angle between the field and current's directions.


19. If you double the mass of one planet - triple the mass of another - and move them twice as far apart - what happens to the force of attraction between them?
A1v1=a2v2
The new force is 2/4 or 1/2 times the old force. ...Because the force of gravity varies directly with the masses and inverse squared to the distance apart.
The movement of charges is the current and it is measures by the number of charges per second at a point.
Work by a system is negative when the gas contracts. (The volume decreases.)


20. In electrostatics - what takes the place of m and g in the formulae?

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21. Condition for no rotation
The electron
Work by a system is negative when the gas contracts. (The volume decreases.)
velocity
Sum of the torques equal zero.


22. What is the electric field's magnitude inside of a container made from an electrical INSULATOR?
Something other than zero.
2(pi)R/T ...Circumference/Period
frequency (Think of the color as not changing.)
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.


23. What is an indication of a change in the internal energy?

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24. What is the energy equation if you see a height difference between two points in the problem?
Longitudinal Wave: Sound wave - Transverse Wave: Light wave - 'The Wave' in a a crowd at a porting event.
Potential energy stored in gravity (PE = mgh)
The transfer of thermal energy
Atomic mass number minus atomic number.


25. What is conservation of energy and what is its significance?
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt
Sum of all the energy forms before a condition equals the sum of all the energy forms after the condition.
Light must travel from more to less dense so the refracted ray can bend away from the normal.
Lost kinetic energy is work. It is calculated from Fd or KE:final - KE:initial


26. How does a wires composition effect resistance?

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27. What is meant by the terms system and environment?
Work done 'BY' the gas.
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt
system is the gas being studied. Environment is the surroundings outside the gas.
Impulse is (force)(time)


28. What conservation law dictates that the frequency of light cannot change as it travels between mediums?
Concave mirrors are converging mirrors.
Sum of all the energy forms before a condition equals the sum of all the energy forms after the condition.
Work by a system is positive when the gas expands. (The volume increases.)
Conservation of Energy ... because E=hf


29. What is Huygen's Principle?
E=kq/r^2 This is the electric field's magnitude at a point in space.
Every point on a wave front is a secondary source.
The body is moving at a constant velocity
The new force is 2/4 or 1/2 times the old force. ...Because the force of gravity varies directly with the masses and inverse squared to the distance apart.


30. What forces charges to move?
An adiabatic process is where no thermal energy is transfered between the system and its surroundings.
Open right hand rule
The electric field forces charges to move.
Electromagnetic induction occurs when a conductor is moved through a magnetic field such that a component of the fields is perpendicular to the current;s direction.


31. What is force times the perpendicular distance?
convex mirrors are diverging mirrors.
The electric field forces charges to move.
Torque
A potential difference and a flow and energized charges.


32. What are the two rules for ray tracing in lenses that work all the time?
(1) Straight through the vertex. (2) Parallel then through the primary focus.
Kinetic energy is conserved for an elastic collision and not for an inelastic collision. ELASTIC: m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v1'+m1v2': INELASTIC: m1v1 + m2v2 = (m1+m1)v
Force= Pressure/Area
Every point on a wave front is a secondary source.


33. What is the difference between reflection - refraction - and diffraction?
The interaction between an oscillating electric magnetic fields that are oriented 90° to each other. It propagates indefinitely because the wave takes its own medium.
When a body's speed is changing.
KE=Work
Reflection is the bouncing of waves. Refraction is the bending of waves. Diffraction bends waves around small objects and causes interference from a coherent sources.


34. How can total momentum be calculated?
A change in the gas' temperature.
Same number of protons by a different number of neutrons. e.g. Carbon-12 versus Carbon-14
Adding the momentum of all the bodies.
It is when a nucleon changes properties. Like a neutron changing into a proton.


35. What is transmutation?
This is the highest point of the swinging motion. PE is at a maximum. Displacement is the greatest from equilibrium. KE and Velocity are zero.
Vertical direction
It is when a nucleon changes properties. Like a neutron changing into a proton.
Alpha


36. What equation describes the speed of a dropped object 't' seconds after it started moving?

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37. Formula for the electric field between a pari of charged plates.
It is used in Lenz's Law to determine the change in flux of a conductor.
E=V/d
The longer the length of wire - the higher the resistance.
Potential difference is the change in energy of a charged particle divided by its charge.


38. Mathematically what does centripetal force represent and how is centripetal force calculated?

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39. How length effect resistance?
Pascal
Concave
The longer the length of wire - the higher the resistance.
Ohm's Law: V=IR


40. What kind of mirror has a positive focus?
Vertical direction
The electron
V=Vo + at ...The word 'dropped' means no initial velocity.
Concave


41. S.I. unit of gravitational force
(1) Straight through the vertex. (2) Parallel then through the primary focus.
Kinetic energy is conserved for an elastic collision and not for an inelastic collision. ELASTIC: m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v1'+m1v2': INELASTIC: m1v1 + m2v2 = (m1+m1)v
Newton
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.


42. What is the horizontal acceleration of projectiles?
ZERO
THe force that holds the nucleus together.
m^3/s
Work done 'BY' the gas.


43. Which type of radiation has the lowest energy?
When a body is moving at a constant velocity or not moving at all.
The release of a Helium nuclei - 4 -2 He2+
Alpha
Joule


44. What is the formula relating emf and voltage?
In front of the mirror - in the light.
Bends waves around small objects and the interference of waves from a coherent sources.
The measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules.
V=E - IR V=terminal voltage (Volts) - E = emf: electromotiveforce (Volts) - IR = Internal drop in energy per charge (Volts)


45. What is the component of 'mg' parallel to a slope?
The acceleration is towards the center. It is supplied by the normal force and points towards the center.
(mg)sin(angle)
When a body's speed is changing.
KE=Work


46. What two things must be true for a positive magnification?
The light travels through the image.
DU = Q+W ...dU:of the environment = Q:from the environment + W:by the environment
A displacement must occur. ( W=Fd)
(1) The image is larger than the object: ho>hi. (2) image is upright.


47. What is the energy equation if you see a particle accelerated perpendicular to two charged plates - or the problem states that the particle is accelerated through a potential difference?

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48. S.I. unit of every kind of energy
A motor uses energy to spin the coils in a magnetic field. A generator spins the coils to create an potential difference.
Joule
THe force that holds the nucleus together.
Pgh ..thats ('rho')(gravity's acceleration)(height)


49. What does the pattern look like in a Young's Double Slit diffraction pattern?
The charge on each capacitor.
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt
Dark in the middle and alternating light and dark spots after that.
The release of a Helium nuclei - 4 -2 He2+


50. S.I. unit of frictional force
Displacement
The light travels through the image.
Lenses that are thinner in the middle than on the edges.
Newton