AP Physics

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How does the closed right hand rule work in electromagnetic induction?

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2. Which kind of mirror always has a virtual image?
Convex
Zero.
Newton
Transverse waves: The displacement is perpendicular to the wave's motion. Longitudinal waves: The displacement is in the direction of the wave's motion.


3. Which type of radiation has the highest energy?
The release of a particle or photon from an UNSTABLE nucleus.
E=V/d
Diverging
Gamma


4. What is an indication of a change in the internal energy?

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5. How length effect resistance?
Diverging
The longer the length of wire - the higher the resistance.
When the object is beyond the focus for a concave mirror.
Adding the momentum of all the bodies.


6. What is mass energy equivalence?
V - a Joule/Coulomb
Velocity has a direction and speed does not have direction.
Energy and mass are equated by E=mc^2.
When it is on the 'dark' side of the mirror. Opposite the light.


7. Under what conditions is work by a system ( gas) positive?
(mg)sin(angle)
Work by a system is positive when the gas expands. (The volume increases.)
dU = zero. The change in temperature of the gas is zero.
Impulse


8. S.I. unit of pressure
Pgh ..thats ('rho')(gravity's acceleration)(height)
Pascal
Bernoulli's equation - Flow Rate = Volume/time
When it is on the same side as the image?


9. What are three ways to increase the capacitance of a capacitor?
Convex
Kinetic energy is conserved for an elastic collision and not for an inelastic collision. ELASTIC: m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v1'+m1v2': INELASTIC: m1v1 + m2v2 = (m1+m1)v
C=kEA/d: Increase the area of the plates - decrease the distance between the plates -and increase the dielectric constant between the plates.
A potential difference and a flow and energized charges.


10. How does temperature effect resistance?
When it is on the 'dark' side of the mirror. Opposite the light.
Current stays the same for resistors in series.
The higher the temperature the higher the resistance. They are proportional to each other.
A potential difference and a flow and energized charges.


11. When is the image negative for mirrors?

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12. S.I. unit of momentum
kg•m/s
Potential energy stored in gravity (PE = mgh)
Displacement is zero because it is measured from equilibrium position. KE and velocity are at a maximum and it is the lowest point so PE due to gravity is at zero.
m=(rho)V


13. What are the two forms of the ideal gas law?
PV=nRT and PV=kT
The light travels through the image.
According to Coulomb's Law - the new force is 6/4 times the old charge.
Entropy always increases.


14. What are the differences and similarities between transverse and longitudinal waves?

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15. What is the work done on a charged particle by the magnetic field? Why?
E=V/d
ZERO. Because the force is perpendicular to the displacement . (Open right hand rule.)
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.
x=Vo + ((1/2)g)sin(angle)t^2


16. When light travels from MORE dense to LESS dense mediums - how does the refracted ray bend in relation to the normal line?
The centripetal force points along the radius towards the center of the circle.
the refracted ray bends AWAY from the normal line.
(Cross-sectional Area)(Velocity)
m=(rho)V


17. How does impulse relate to force?
Reflection is the bouncing of waves. Refraction is the bending of waves. Diffraction bends waves around small objects and causes interference from a coherent sources.
Parallel. Because the plates are shared.
W=qV
Impulse is (force)(time)


18. What is the area under any PV curve?

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19. Formula for the electric field between a pari of charged plates.
It is towards the center and downwards a little. It is the sum of the normal force perpendicular to the bowl and the weight downwards.
Work is the change in kinetic energy. Work transfers energy to and from a body
The force is perpendicular to the motion to get a circular path of motion. (Think about centripetal force.)
E=V/d


20. Buoyancy
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.
'm' is replaced by 'q -' and 'g' is replaced by 'E.' W=mg is replaced by F=qE. The second formula describes the force on a charged particle in uniform electric field.
W = KE:final - KE:initial
Concave


21. S.I. unit of Flow rate
The volume under water
Gamma
The longer the length of wire - the higher the resistance.
m^3/s


22. Formula for the electric field at point in space for a single point charge.
Newton
The nucleus
E=kq/R^2
Zero.


23. In uniform circular motion - how is tangential velocity calculated?
It is towards the center and downwards a little. It is the sum of the normal force perpendicular to the bowl and the weight downwards.
Adding the momentum of all the bodies.
2(pi)R/T ...Circumference/Period
The force is perpendicular to the motion to get a circular path of motion. (Think about centripetal force.)


24. What equation describes the speed in the y-direction of a projectile 't' seconds after it started moving?
(Cross-sectional Area)(Velocity)
The engine's efficiency is 1-Tc/Th. It is defined by the temperature's in the reservoirs and not the thermal energy flowing from them.
Joule
Vy=Vyo + gt ...Watch the signs.


25. What two things must be true for a positive magnification?
Only 1/4 wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/4
Ohm's Law: V=IR
(1) The image is larger than the object: ho>hi. (2) image is upright.
Moment arm


26. Define mass in terms of density.
Velocity has a direction and speed does not have direction.
m=(rho)V
Same number of protons by a different number of neutrons. e.g. Carbon-12 versus Carbon-14
(1) Bounced off the vertex. (2) Parallel the through the focus. (3) Through the focus and parallel.


27. What does upward slope on a displacement versus time graph imply about the velocity.
The incoming light (electromagnetic wave) has the same frequency as some of the electrons.
The velocity is positive
F=kq1q2/R^2
convex mirrors are diverging mirrors.


28. What did Thompson discover?
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.
(n1)sin(theta1) = (n2)sin(theta2)
G(M:earth)/r^2 ...force of gravity = G(M:earth)(M:body)/r^2
The electron


29. What shape is a converging mirrors?
(1) The image is larger than the object: ho>hi. (2) image is upright.
Concave mirrors are converging mirrors.
F=kq1q2/R^2
The release of an energetic photon from an overly excited molecule.


30. Gauge Pressure

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31. What equation describes the distance that a horizontally launched projectile falls t seconds after it started moving?
Electromagnetic induction occurs when a conductor is moved through a magnetic field such that a component of the fields is perpendicular to the current;s direction.
Adding the momentum of all the bodies.
x=(1/2)at^2 ...Horizontal velocity does not affect the time of fall.
Emf is the maximum available energy per charge at the terminal of a power source. Voltage is the actual available energy per charge at the terminals of a power source. Some energy is lost due to the source internal resistance.


32. What does the term potential difference mean?
Convex
Potential difference is the change in energy of a charged particle divided by its charge.
The work function is a minimum amount of energy needed to release a photon from a collection in the surface of a material. The ionization energy is the energy needed to release an electron from a single - free-floating - molecule. the ionization ener
E=hf


33. What is the name given to the distance between the pivot point and applied perpendicular force?
Tesla
Longitudinal Wave: Sound wave - Transverse Wave: Light wave - 'The Wave' in a a crowd at a porting event.
Convex
Moment arm


34. Flow Rate
Joule
That the orbits of the electrons are like planets around the Sun.
(Cross-sectional Area)(Velocity)
wave speed = (wavelength)(frequency)


35. How are velocity and speed different?
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.
E=hf=hc/(wavelength)
PV=nRT and PV=kT
Velocity has a direction and speed does not have direction.


36. What makes an image 'real?'
Obstacles in the path of the flow of charges.
The light travels through the image.
Only 1/2 a wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/2
Torque


37. What is an isotope?
The centripetal force is the net force. It's magnitude is calculated from F=ma where 'a' is the centripetal force.
Tesla
V=kq/R
Same number of protons by a different number of neutrons. e.g. Carbon-12 versus Carbon-14


38. How is the net work of a system (gas) measured?
Atomic number is the number of protons. Atomic mass number is the number of nucleons - (protons and neutrons.)
Work done 'BY' the gas.
The NET work BY a system is the area enclosed in a cycle on a PV diagram.
wave speed = (wavelength)(frequency)


39. A ball rolls inside a salad bowl. The ball is released along the top edge and rolls down before climbing to the same height on the opposite side of the bowl. What is the direction of the acceleration of the ball when it at the top edge of the bowl?
It is towards the center and downwards a little. It is the sum of the normal force perpendicular to the bowl and the weight downwards.
Longitudinal Wave: Sound wave - Transverse Wave: Light wave - 'The Wave' in a a crowd at a porting event.
It is when a nucleon changes properties. Like a neutron changing into a proton.
Work


40. What is half life?
V - a Joule/Coulomb
It is the time for 1/2 a substance to decay by radioactive processes.
kg•m/s
Atmospheric pressure


41. Continuity equation
Watt
A1v1=a2v2
The centripetal acceleration points along the radius towards the center of the circle. (Just like the centripetal force.)
F=kq1q2/R^2


42. What is the difference between reflection - refraction - and diffraction?
Reflection is the bouncing of waves. Refraction is the bending of waves. Diffraction bends waves around small objects and causes interference from a coherent sources.
(n1)sin(theta1) = (n2)sin(theta2)
The velocity is positive
Newton


43. Force in terms of pressure
dU = zero. The change in temperature of the gas is zero.
Potential energy stored in gravity (PE = mgh)
Displacement is zero because it is measured from equilibrium position. KE and velocity are at a maximum and it is the lowest point so PE due to gravity is at zero.
Force= Pressure/Area


44. What two entities comprise a vector?
(n1)sin(theta1) = (n2)sin(theta2)
Magnitude and direction
Concave
The centripetal force points along the radius towards the center of the circle.


45. What is heat?
Kinetic energy is conserved for an elastic collision and not for an inelastic collision. ELASTIC: m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v1'+m1v2': INELASTIC: m1v1 + m2v2 = (m1+m1)v
The volume under water
The transfer of thermal energy
The new force is 2/4 or 1/2 times the old force. ...Because the force of gravity varies directly with the masses and inverse squared to the distance apart.


46. What is force times time?
Every point on a wave front is a secondary source.
When a body's speed is changing.
the refracted ray bends AWAY from the normal line.
Impulse


47. What are the three types of radiation?
Alpha - Beta - and Gamma
KE=(3/2)kT where k is Boltzman's constant
2(pi)R/T ...Circumference/Period
It is an arrow that DOES NOT touch the body. Recall that the net force is the answer when all the forces are added up.


48. State the significance of Young's Experiment.
Gamma
Moment arm
F=qE
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.


49. What is the electric field's magnitude inside of a container made from an electrical INSULATOR?
The charge on each capacitor.
Something other than zero.
When a body is moving at a constant velocity or not moving at all.
Convex


50. How does a wires composition effect resistance?

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