AP Physics

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How is tube length and wavelength related for a tube that is closed on ONE end?
The bouncing of light
velocity
PV=nRT and PV=kT
Only 1/4 wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/4


2. How is the net work of a system (gas) measured?
Conservation of Energy ... because E=hf
It is towards the center and downwards a little. It is the sum of the normal force perpendicular to the bowl and the weight downwards.
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt
The NET work BY a system is the area enclosed in a cycle on a PV diagram.


3. Formula for the electric field between a pari of charged plates.
The work function is a minimum amount of energy needed to release a photon from a collection in the surface of a material. The ionization energy is the energy needed to release an electron from a single - free-floating - molecule. the ionization ener
F=kq1q2/R^2
The centripetal acceleration points along the radius towards the center of the circle. (Just like the centripetal force.)
E=V/d


4. What is force times time?
g=zero so h=(Vyo)t
Transverse waves: The displacement is perpendicular to the wave's motion. Longitudinal waves: The displacement is in the direction of the wave's motion.
The graph of force vs displacement
Impulse


5. Under what conditions is heat negative?

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6. What is the horizontal acceleration of projectiles?
ZERO
Weber
Watt
The centripetal acceleration points along the radius towards the center of the circle. (Just like the centripetal force.)


7. S.I. unit of flux
convex mirrors are diverging mirrors.
W=qV
The new force is 2/4 or 1/2 times the old force. ...Because the force of gravity varies directly with the masses and inverse squared to the distance apart.
Weber


8. What is the strong force?
THe force that holds the nucleus together.
It is the time for 1/2 a substance to decay by radioactive processes.
Force= Pressure/Area
Bernoulli's equation - Flow Rate = Volume/time


9. How is the direction of the force on a current carrying wire calculated?
The volume under water
It is the net force pointing towards the center.
Open right hand rule
Energy and mass are equated by E=mc^2.


10. How is a force's direction oriented compared to a bodies direction of motion to get a circular (curved) path of motion?
Concave
PV=nRT and PV=kT
The force is perpendicular to the motion to get a circular path of motion. (Think about centripetal force.)
Impulse is (force)(time)


11. Electric force felt by a charge due to another charge.
F=kq1q2/R^2
According to Coulomb's Law - the new force is 6/4 times the old charge.
N/C
Light must travel from more to less dense so the refracted ray can bend away from the normal.


12. What is the potential energy of a charge in an electric field?
Tesla
Light must travel from more to less dense so the refracted ray can bend away from the normal.
V=kq/R
The work function is a minimum amount of energy needed to release a photon from a collection in the surface of a material. The ionization energy is the energy needed to release an electron from a single - free-floating - molecule. the ionization ener


13. In a pendulum or spring - what are the displacement - velocity - PES - and K at maximum displacement?
(Cross-sectional Area)(Velocity)
According to Coulomb's Law - the new force is 6/4 times the old charge.
This is the highest point of the swinging motion. PE is at a maximum. Displacement is the greatest from equilibrium. KE and Velocity are zero.
A motor uses energy to spin the coils in a magnetic field. A generator spins the coils to create an potential difference.


14. Continuity equation
Radio - Infrared - Visible - UltraViolet - X-Rays - Gamma Rays.
The light travels through the image.
A1v1=a2v2
F=Bilsin(theta) ...F=Force (N) - B:=magnetic field (T) - i=current (A) - l=length of wire in the field (m) - theta is the acute angle between the field and current's directions.


15. What does light emission involve?
Electromagnetic wave exits the electrons to a higher orbital. When the electron relaxes - a wavelength of light is given off.
'm' is replaced by 'q -' and 'g' is replaced by 'E.' W=mg is replaced by F=qE. The second formula describes the force on a charged particle in uniform electric field.
The electron
The force is perpendicular to the motion. This always results in a curved path. (Open right hand rule)


16. What do batteries and generators produce?
Kinetic energy is conserved for an elastic collision and not for an inelastic collision. ELASTIC: m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v1'+m1v2': INELASTIC: m1v1 + m2v2 = (m1+m1)v
Parallel. Because the plates are shared.
A potential difference and a flow and energized charges.
W=qV


17. What is the work done on a charged particle by the magnetic field? Why?
Break it up into x and y components using trig - add up the components.
The nucleus
g=zero so h=(Vyo)t
ZERO. Because the force is perpendicular to the displacement . (Open right hand rule.)


18. What is the law of reflection?
x=(1/2)at^2 Remember - the word 'dropped' implies no initial velocity.
When it is on the same side as the image?
Open right hand rule
The Law of reflection states that the incident angle of a wave is equal to the reflected angle.


19. Formula for work as a charged particle travels across two charged plates
KE = (3/2)kT
E=hf=hc/(wavelength)
Newton
W=qV


20. What doesn't change (speed - frequency - or wavelength) - when light moves from one medium to another?
The Law of reflection states that the incident angle of a wave is equal to the reflected angle.
The force is perpendicular to the motion to get a circular path of motion. (Think about centripetal force.)
frequency (Think of the color as not changing.)
Change in voltage across the resistor or capacitor.


21. How does impulse relate to force?
Tesla
The Law of reflection states that the incident angle of a wave is equal to the reflected angle.
Impulse is (force)(time)
The acceleration is towards the center. It is supplied by the normal force and points towards the center.


22. What do the period of pendulums and springs each depend on?
Pendulums depend on the length of the arm and the pull of gravity. springs depend on mass and the spring constant.
DU = Q+W ...dU:of the environment = Q:from the environment + W:by the environment
No image.
Work


23. Unit of electric field
Newton
Convex
Bernoulli's equation - Flow Rate = Volume/time
N/C


24. Define Snell's law.
Convex
E=kq/R^2
No image.
(n1)sin(theta1) = (n2)sin(theta2)


25. What is the 1st law of thermodynamics as applied to gases?
system is the gas being studied. Environment is the surroundings outside the gas.
DU = Q+W ...dU:of the environment = Q:from the environment + W:by the environment
It is the time for 1/2 a substance to decay by radioactive processes.
The graph of force vs displacement


26. When is the image negative for mirrors?

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27. What is an indication of a change in the internal energy?

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28. What is needed for electromagnetic induction to occur?
Diverging
Joule
Electromagnetic induction occurs when a conductor is moved through a magnetic field such that a component of the fields is perpendicular to the current;s direction.
The engine's efficiency is 1-Tc/Th. It is defined by the temperature's in the reservoirs and not the thermal energy flowing from them.


29. In electrostatics - what takes the place of m and g in the formulae?

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30. What is ionization energy and how does it compare to the work function?
It is the release of photoelectrons released by photons with an energy (E=hf) above the work function.
The work function is a minimum amount of energy needed to release a photon from a collection in the surface of a material. The ionization energy is the energy needed to release an electron from a single - free-floating - molecule. the ionization ener
Break it up into x and y components using trig - add up the components.
F=kq1q2/R^2


31. What does upward slope on a displacement versus time graph imply about the velocity.
The nucleus
Newton
velocity
The velocity is positive


32. Which kind of mirror can show a real image?
Weight ...w=mg
Concave
DU = Q+W ...dU:of the environment = Q:from the environment + W:by the environment
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.


33. Energy of a SINGLE photon
E=hf
(rho)gh
The work function is a minimum amount of energy needed to release a photon from a collection in the surface of a material. The ionization energy is the energy needed to release an electron from a single - free-floating - molecule. the ionization ener
Diverging


34. In uniform circular motion - how is tangential velocity calculated?
(1) The image is larger than the object: ho>hi. (2) image is upright.
2(pi)R/T ...Circumference/Period
Electric potential is the potential energy associated with the electric force F=qE
The work function is a minimum amount of energy needed to release a photon from a collection in the surface of a material. The ionization energy is the energy needed to release an electron from a single - free-floating - molecule. the ionization ener


35. This is the gauge pressure when under water.
Watt
(rho)gh
convex mirrors are diverging mirrors.
Initial velocity


36. If you have two charges - and you double one charge and triple the other - and move them twice as far apart - what happens to the force of attraction / repulsion between them?

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37. What is the direction of the centripetal force?
Newton
The centripetal force points along the radius towards the center of the circle.
An adiabatic process is where no thermal energy is transfered between the system and its surroundings.
Impulse is (force)(time)


38. What is the difference between reflection - refraction - and diffraction?
Reflection is the bouncing of waves. Refraction is the bending of waves. Diffraction bends waves around small objects and causes interference from a coherent sources.
Work
The electron
(rho)gh


39. S.I. unit of torque
N•m
W=qV where 'W' is the work - 'q' is the charge and 'V' is the potential difference measured in Volts.
Break it up into x and y components using trig - add up the components.
(1) Bounced off the vertex. (2) Parallel the through the focus. (3) Through the focus and parallel.


40. What do you do with any vector that is not on either the x or y axis?
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt
Work of a system is equal to 1-Qc/Qh
Break it up into x and y components using trig - add up the components.
The incoming light (electromagnetic wave) has the same frequency as some of the electrons.


41. If you double the mass of one planet - triple the mass of another - and move them twice as far apart - what happens to the force of attraction between them?
Bends waves around small objects and the interference of waves from a coherent sources.
The new force is 2/4 or 1/2 times the old force. ...Because the force of gravity varies directly with the masses and inverse squared to the distance apart.
The velocity is positive
ZERO. Because the force is perpendicular to the displacement . (Open right hand rule.)


42. What is the energy equation if you see a height difference between two points in the problem?
ZERO. Because the force is perpendicular to the displacement . (Open right hand rule.)
Potential energy stored in gravity (PE = mgh)
Concave
system is the gas being studied. Environment is the surroundings outside the gas.


43. What does the pattern look like in a Young's Double Slit diffraction pattern?
But placing more obstacles in the path of the charge's flow.
Dark in the middle and alternating light and dark spots after that.
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt
(1) The image is larger than the object: ho>hi. (2) image is upright.


44. When is sum of force (net force) zero?
The volume under water
When a body is moving at a constant velocity or not moving at all.
velocity
Concave


45. What is the relationship that describes the rate that work is done - or that energy is used?
It is the time for 1/2 a substance to decay by radioactive processes.
V=kq/R
Concave mirrors are converging mirrors.
Power ... Power equals the change in energy over time.


46. What comprises gamma decay?
The release of an energetic photon from an overly excited molecule.
Force= Pressure/Area
ZERO
Diverging lenses have a negative focal length.


47. Which type of lenses have a POSITIVE focal length?
Converging lenses have a positive focal length.
Same number of protons by a different number of neutrons. e.g. Carbon-12 versus Carbon-14
The work function is a minimum amount of energy needed to release a photon from a collection in the surface of a material. The ionization energy is the energy needed to release an electron from a single - free-floating - molecule. the ionization ener
Velocity has a direction and speed does not have direction.


48. Condition for no rotation
E=kq/R^2
The particle travels in a circle. Radius=momentum/qB
Vertical direction
Sum of the torques equal zero.


49. How does a wires composition effect resistance?

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50. What is the difference between elastic and inelastic collisions? State the relevant equations for each.

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