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AP Physics

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What do you know about two objects that are launched at different horizontal velocities?
They fall - vertically - the by the same amount in the same time.
But placing more obstacles in the path of the charge's flow.
A change in the gas' temperature.
V=kq/R

2. Define Refraction
But placing more obstacles in the path of the charge's flow.
Q=0 because thermal energy is not transfered between the system and its surroundings
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
The bending of light

3. How does a wires composition effect resistance?

4. What is Huygen's Principle?
A potential difference and a flow and energized charges.
Heat - (the 'Q' variable) - is POSITIVE when thermal energy is being ADDED to a system.
Every point on a wave front is a secondary source.
The thicker the wire - the lower the resistance.

5. What is its impact on the first law of thermodynamics of an adiabatic process?
V=kq/R
The nucleus
Concave
Q=0 because thermal energy is not transfered between the system and its surroundings

6. What is conservation of energy and what is its significance?
When the object is beyond the focus for a concave mirror.
P=IV
Sum of all the energy forms before a condition equals the sum of all the energy forms after the condition.
Diverging

7. Mathematically what does centripetal force represent and how is centripetal force calculated?

8. S.I. unit of power
(Cross-sectional Area)(Velocity)
Parallel. Because the plates are shared.
Watt
Q=0 because thermal energy is not transfered between the system and its surroundings

9. What is Kinetic Energy lost and how is it calculated?
Lost kinetic energy is work. It is calculated from Fd or KE:final - KE:initial
velocity
They fall - vertically - the by the same amount in the same time.
C=kEA/d: Increase the area of the plates - decrease the distance between the plates -and increase the dielectric constant between the plates.

10. Which type of radiation has the highest energy?
Dark in the middle and alternating light and dark spots after that.
The centripetal acceleration points along the radius towards the center of the circle. (Just like the centripetal force.)
Electric potential is the potential energy associated with the electric force F=qE
Gamma

11. State the significance of Young's Experiment.
(mg)sin(angle)
Newton
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.
Lost kinetic energy is work. It is calculated from Fd or KE:final - KE:initial

12. How much work is the work done on an object moving in a circle? Why?
Dark in the middle and alternating light and dark spots after that.
the refracted ray bends TOWARDS the normal line.
Zero. Because the displacement is perpendicular to the force (centripetal force.)
F=qE

13. Formula for work by a car that changes speed on a horizontal road.
The measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules.
E=hf=hc/(wavelength)
W = KE:final - KE:initial
m^3/s

14. When is sum of force (net force) zero?
Impulse
When a body is moving at a constant velocity or not moving at all.
Concave
The release of a Helium nuclei - 4 -2 He2+

15. What is a key requirement in order for work to be done?
Every point on a wave front is a secondary source.
The longer the length of wire - the higher the resistance.
It is an arrow that DOES NOT touch the body. Recall that the net force is the answer when all the forces are added up.
A displacement must occur. ( W=Fd)

16. S.I. Unit of electric force
Newton
Entropy always increases.
(mg)sin(angle)
KE=Work

17. Average kinetic energy of an ideal gas's SINGLE molecule.
The acceleration is towards the center. It is supplied by the normal force and points towards the center.
Q=0 because thermal energy is not transfered between the system and its surroundings
KE = (3/2)kT
Impulse is (force)(time)

18. Define diffraction
Bends waves around small objects and the interference of waves from a coherent sources.
Speed ups
Statistically speaking - energy flows from hot to cold.
A change in the gas' temperature.

19. Unit of energy for electricity.
The longer the length of wire - the higher the resistance.
V - a Joule/Coulomb
The refracted light ray is bent 90°. (Parallel to the interface surface.)
Light must travel from more to less dense so the refracted ray can bend away from the normal.

20. Which kind of lens always has a virtual image?
No image.
F=qE
Diverging
It is the release of photoelectrons released by photons with an energy (E=hf) above the work function.

21. What is the area under any PV curve?

22. This is used to determine the speed of a fluid when the pipe slopes up or down.

23. How is sum of force (net force) depicted in a free body diagram?
Electromagnetic induction occurs when a conductor is moved through a magnetic field such that a component of the fields is perpendicular to the current;s direction.
ZERO. Because the force is perpendicular to the displacement . (Open right hand rule.)
It is an arrow that DOES NOT touch the body. Recall that the net force is the answer when all the forces are added up.
m=(rho)V

24. What is the impact on the first law of thermodynamics for an isothermal process?
It is an arrow that DOES NOT touch the body. Recall that the net force is the answer when all the forces are added up.
V=kq/R
dU = zero. The change in temperature of the gas is zero.
V=kq/R

25. What are the two rules for ray tracing in lenses that work all the time?
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.
(1) Straight through the vertex. (2) Parallel then through the primary focus.
ZERO. Because the force is perpendicular to the displacement . (Open right hand rule.)
The PVT conditions change for a gas without changing the temperature.

26. What equation describes the distance that a dropped object falls 't' seconds after it started moving?

27. S.I. unit of work
Joule
x=(1/2)at^2 Remember - the word 'dropped' implies no initial velocity.
Sum of the torques equal zero.
When a body's speed is changing.

28. Which kind of mirror cannot magnify an image?
KE=(3/2)kT where k is Boltzman's constant
Convex
Current stays the same for resistors in series.
A potential difference and a flow and energized charges.

29. What does the pattern look like in a Young's Double Slit diffraction pattern?
Convex
Dark in the middle and alternating light and dark spots after that.
PV=nRT and PV=kT
The motion of the molecules in gas.

30. In electrostatics - what takes the place of m and g in the formulae?

31. How are velocity and speed different?
E=V/d
The refracted light ray is bent 90°. (Parallel to the interface surface.)
Open right hand rule
Velocity has a direction and speed does not have direction.

32. What is the Bohr Model of the atom?
Sum of the torques equal zero.
The graph of force vs displacement
Magnitude and direction
That the orbits of the electrons are like planets around the Sun.

33. Formula for the electric field at point in space for a single point charge.
Pgh ..thats ('rho')(gravity's acceleration)(height)
Converging lenses have a positive focal length.
E=kq/R^2
The movement of charges is the current and it is measures by the number of charges per second at a point.

34. S.I. unit of gravitational force
F=kq1q2/R^2
Newton
(1) Straight through the vertex. (2) Parallel then through the primary focus.
Vx=(Vxo)t ...Recall that there is no acceleration in the horizontal direction.

35. Formula for the electric force felt by a charged particle in an electric field.
W=qV
F=qE
It is the net force pointing towards the center.
x=Vo + ((1/2)g)sin(angle)t^2

36. What is meant by the terms system and environment?
Newton
The body is moving at a constant velocity
Concave
system is the gas being studied. Environment is the surroundings outside the gas.

37. What is the horizontal acceleration of projectiles?
ZERO
The initial velocity - (Vo in the formulas)
W=qV
Work done 'BY' the gas.

38. What is the photoelectric effect?
It is the release of photoelectrons released by photons with an energy (E=hf) above the work function.
E=kq/r^2 This is the electric field's magnitude at a point in space.
Vy=Vyo + gt ...Watch the signs.
Something other than zero.

39. How does the speed change when the pressure is decreased?
Joule
Speed ups
The PVT conditions change for a gas without changing the temperature.
Concave

40. What is heat?
An adiabatic process is where no thermal energy is transfered between the system and its surroundings.
The transfer of thermal energy
P=IV
The release of an energetic photon from an overly excited molecule.

41. Which type of lenses have a NEGATIVE focal length?
V=E - IR V=terminal voltage (Volts) - E = emf: electromotiveforce (Volts) - IR = Internal drop in energy per charge (Volts)
Diverging lenses have a negative focal length.
It is used in Lenz's Law to determine the change in flux of a conductor.
That the orbits of the electrons are like planets around the Sun.

42. What force is always present - and what is its equation?
Weight ...w=mg
kg•m/s
Newton
Longitudinal Wave: Sound wave - Transverse Wave: Light wave - 'The Wave' in a a crowd at a porting event.

43. How is a force's direction oriented compared to a bodies direction of motion to get a circular (curved) path of motion?
The force is perpendicular to the motion to get a circular path of motion. (Think about centripetal force.)
The higher the temperature the higher the resistance. They are proportional to each other.
The release of a Helium nuclei - 4 -2 He2+
(rho)gh

44. What are the three types of radiation?
Displacement
The electric field forces charges to move.
Alpha - Beta - and Gamma
It is towards the center and downwards a little. It is the sum of the normal force perpendicular to the bowl and the weight downwards.

45. In a pendulum or spring - what are the displacement - velocity - PES - and K at maximum displacement?
The graph of force vs displacement
Newton
This is the highest point of the swinging motion. PE is at a maximum. Displacement is the greatest from equilibrium. KE and Velocity are zero.
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.

46. S.I. unit of frictional force
The electric force (Coulomb's Law) can attract and repel and it depends on charge. Universal Gravity depends on mass and always attracts.
Newton
E=kq/r^2 This is the electric field's magnitude at a point in space.
Moment arm

47. What are the two forms of the ideal gas law?
Heat - (the 'Q' variable) - is NEGATIVE when thermal energy is being REMOVED from a system.
PV=nRT and PV=kT
Work by a system is positive when the gas expands. (The volume increases.)
The work function is a minimum amount of energy needed to release a photon from a collection in the surface of a material. The ionization energy is the energy needed to release an electron from a single - free-floating - molecule. the ionization ener

48. What comprises beta radiation?
'm' is replaced by 'q -' and 'g' is replaced by 'E.' W=mg is replaced by F=qE. The second formula describes the force on a charged particle in uniform electric field.
The electron
The release of an electron and antineutrino or the release of a positron and a neutrino.
Work by a system is positive when the gas expands. (The volume increases.)

49. What forces charges to move?
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.
Current stays the same for resistors in series.
Pascal
The electric field forces charges to move.

50. Under what conditions does entropy increase?
'q' is a single particle's charge and 'Q' is the sum of all the charges. Q=q1+q2+q3+q4...
They fall - vertically - the by the same amount in the same time.
The electron
Entropy always increases.