Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. State the significance of Young's Experiment.
Magnitude and direction
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.
A change in the gas' temperature.
When the body rests on a surface.


2. What is implied when an object is not accelerating in the x direction?
system is the gas being studied. Environment is the surroundings outside the gas.
The body is moving at a constant velocity
ZERO
E=hf ...E=energy of a single photon (J) - h = Plank's constant - f=frequency (Hz)


3. Which type of radiation has the lowest energy?
Alpha
KE=Work
The release of an energetic photon from an overly excited molecule.
Electric potential is the potential energy associated with the electric force F=qE


4. How is a force's direction oriented compared to a bodies direction of motion to get a circular (curved) path of motion?
A change in the gas' temperature.
The force is perpendicular to the motion to get a circular path of motion. (Think about centripetal force.)
The centripetal force points along the radius towards the center of the circle.
W=qV


5. S.I. unit of power
Watt
DU = Q+W ...dU:of the environment = Q:from the environment + W:by the environment
Energy and mass are equated by E=mc^2.
Joule


6. What is internal energy?
C=kEA/d: Increase the area of the plates - decrease the distance between the plates -and increase the dielectric constant between the plates.
The interaction between an oscillating electric magnetic fields that are oriented 90° to each other. It propagates indefinitely because the wave takes its own medium.
The motion of the molecules in gas.
Sum of all the energy forms before a condition equals the sum of all the energy forms after the condition.


7. What is the component of 'mg' parallel to a slope?
That the orbits of the electrons are like planets around the Sun.
(mg)sin(angle)
Speed ups
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.


8. In electrostatics - what takes the place of m and g in the formulae?

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9. When are f - p - q - ho - hi - and M positive for mirrors?
The motion of the molecules in gas.
Newton
When the object is beyond the focus for a concave mirror.
Longitudinal Wave: Sound wave - Transverse Wave: Light wave - 'The Wave' in a a crowd at a porting event.


10. What does the term potential difference mean?
'q' is a single particle's charge and 'Q' is the sum of all the charges. Q=q1+q2+q3+q4...
Potential difference is the change in energy of a charged particle divided by its charge.
The motion of the molecules in gas.
Weber


11. When light travels from LESS dense to a MORE dense mediums - how does the refracted ray bend in relation to the normal line?
the refracted ray bends TOWARDS the normal line.
V=kq/R
The body is moving at a constant velocity
Atmospheric pressure


12. What equation describes the speed of a dropped object 't' seconds after it started moving?

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13. The speed of a ball when it lands at the same height it was thrown from.
The force is perpendicular to the motion to get a circular path of motion. (Think about centripetal force.)
Joule
Initial velocity
Every point on a wave front is a secondary source.


14. What is mass energy equivalence?
Energy and mass are equated by E=mc^2.
Vx=(Vxo)t ...Recall that there is no acceleration in the horizontal direction.
(1) Bounced off the vertex. (2) Parallel the through the focus. (3) Through the focus and parallel.
'm' is replaced by 'q -' and 'g' is replaced by 'E.' W=mg is replaced by F=qE. The second formula describes the force on a charged particle in uniform electric field.


15. What equation describes the distance that a dropped object falls 't' seconds after it started moving?

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16. Which kind of mirror can show a real image?
Converging lenses have a positive focal length.
Entropy always increases.
The force is perpendicular to the motion. This always results in a curved path. (Open right hand rule)
Concave


17. What does upward slope on a displacement versus time graph imply about the velocity.
The volume under water
Gamma
The velocity is positive
When the body rests on a surface.


18. Average kinetic energy of an ideal gas's SINGLE molecule.
Only 1/2 a wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/2
Energy and mass are equated by E=mc^2.
Only 1/4 wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/4
KE = (3/2)kT


19. What makes an image 'real?'
Pendulums depend on the length of the arm and the pull of gravity. springs depend on mass and the spring constant.
Only 1/2 a wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/2
The light travels through the image.
'm' is replaced by 'q -' and 'g' is replaced by 'E.' W=mg is replaced by F=qE. The second formula describes the force on a charged particle in uniform electric field.


20. What shapes are converging lenses?
PV=nRT and PV=kT
V=E - IR V=terminal voltage (Volts) - E = emf: electromotiveforce (Volts) - IR = Internal drop in energy per charge (Volts)
Lenses that are fatter in the middle than on the edges.
Conservation of Energy ... because E=hf


21. What is the Bohr Model of the atom?
A potential difference and a flow and energized charges.
That the orbits of the electrons are like planets around the Sun.
It is towards the center and downwards a little. It is the sum of the normal force perpendicular to the bowl and the weight downwards.
Tesla


22. What is an isotope?
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt
The refracted light ray is bent 90°. (Parallel to the interface surface.)
The electric force (Coulomb's Law) can attract and repel and it depends on charge. Universal Gravity depends on mass and always attracts.
Same number of protons by a different number of neutrons. e.g. Carbon-12 versus Carbon-14


23. Formula for work as a charged particle travels across two charged plates
Alpha
Newton
W=qV
A motor uses energy to spin the coils in a magnetic field. A generator spins the coils to create an potential difference.


24. What is the relationship between energy - frequency - and wavelength in any wave?
E=hf=hc/(wavelength)
The new force is 2/4 or 1/2 times the old force. ...Because the force of gravity varies directly with the masses and inverse squared to the distance apart.
It is an arrow that DOES NOT touch the body. Recall that the net force is the answer when all the forces are added up.
Electromagnetic induction occurs when a conductor is moved through a magnetic field such that a component of the fields is perpendicular to the current;s direction.


25. What two entities comprise a vector?
Magnitude and direction
Lenses that are thinner in the middle than on the edges.
This is the highest point of the swinging motion. PE is at a maximum. Displacement is the greatest from equilibrium. KE and Velocity are zero.
m=(rho)V


26. S.I. unit of Flow rate
(1) The image is larger than the object: ho>hi. (2) image is upright.
In front of the mirror - in the light.
Vy=Vyo + gt ...Watch the signs.
m^3/s


27. How does a wires composition effect resistance?

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28. How can you tell when an engine is a Carnot Engine?

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29. What is a key requirement in order for work to be done?
DU = Q+W ...dU:of the environment = Q:from the environment + W:by the environment
The velocity is positive
Change in voltage across the resistor or capacitor.
A displacement must occur. ( W=Fd)


30. Under what conditions does entropy increase?
The NET work BY a system is the area enclosed in a cycle on a PV diagram.
Entropy always increases.
Joule
The charge on each capacitor.


31. Under what conditions is work by a system ( gas) negative?
Work by a system is negative when the gas contracts. (The volume decreases.)
The release of a particle or photon from an UNSTABLE nucleus.
Joule
Pgh ..thats ('rho')(gravity's acceleration)(height)


32. How does impulse relate to force?
Break it up into x and y components using trig - add up the components.
E=V/d
Impulse is (force)(time)
Zero.


33. What is force times the parallel diplacement?
Work
2(pi)R/T ...Circumference/Period
E=hf ...E=energy of a single photon (J) - h = Plank's constant - f=frequency (Hz)
(1) Straight through the vertex. (2) Parallel then through the primary focus.


34. Under what conditions is heat positive?

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35. How is the net work of a system (gas) measured?
Bernoulli's equation - Flow Rate = Volume/time
wave speed = (wavelength)(frequency)
It is the release of photoelectrons released by photons with an energy (E=hf) above the work function.
The NET work BY a system is the area enclosed in a cycle on a PV diagram.


36. What does the term electric potential energy mean?
Work by a system is negative when the gas contracts. (The volume decreases.)
The particle travels in a circle. Radius=momentum/qB
Diverging lenses have a negative focal length.
Electric potential is the potential energy associated with the electric force F=qE


37. Which kind of lens always has a virtual image?
N/C
It is used in Lenz's Law to determine the change in flux of a conductor.
An adiabatic process is where no thermal energy is transfered between the system and its surroundings.
Diverging


38. What is Kinetic Energy lost and how is it calculated?
Lost kinetic energy is work. It is calculated from Fd or KE:final - KE:initial
The thicker the wire - the lower the resistance.
(1) Straight through the vertex. (2) Parallel then through the primary focus.
PV=nRT and PV=kT


39. Give an example of a transverse and a longitudinal wave.

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40. What is the general equation for motion down a slope and how does it change if the object is going up the slope?
x=Vo + ((1/2)g)sin(angle)t^2
Electromagnetic induction occurs when a conductor is moved through a magnetic field such that a component of the fields is perpendicular to the current;s direction.
The release of an energetic photon from an overly excited molecule.
The bending of light


41. What comprises gamma decay?
Electric potential is the potential energy associated with the electric force F=qE
(mg)sin(angle)
The release of an energetic photon from an overly excited molecule.
Tesla


42. What stays the same for capacitors in series?
Open right hand rule
The charge on each capacitor.
Atomic number is the number of protons. Atomic mass number is the number of nucleons - (protons and neutrons.)
Electromagnetic induction occurs when a conductor is moved through a magnetic field such that a component of the fields is perpendicular to the current;s direction.


43. How is sum of force (net force) depicted in a free body diagram?
x=(1/2)at^2 Remember - the word 'dropped' implies no initial velocity.
Zero.
How quickly you change velocity.
It is an arrow that DOES NOT touch the body. Recall that the net force is the answer when all the forces are added up.


44. S.I. unit of centripetal force
Newton
KE=(3/2)kT where k is Boltzman's constant
Work by a system is positive when the gas expands. (The volume increases.)
Diverging lenses have a negative focal length.


45. What is ionization energy and how does it compare to the work function?
The work function is a minimum amount of energy needed to release a photon from a collection in the surface of a material. The ionization energy is the energy needed to release an electron from a single - free-floating - molecule. the ionization ener
The force is perpendicular to the motion. This always results in a curved path. (Open right hand rule)
Weber
Displacement


46. What is the relationship between voltage - current and resistance?

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47. What force is always present - and what is its equation?
Weight ...w=mg
Initial velocity
(1) Bounced off the vertex. (2) Parallel the through the focus. (3) Through the focus and parallel.
the refracted ray bends TOWARDS the normal line.


48. S.I. unit of work
V=kq/R
Convex
Joule
Atomic number is the number of protons. Atomic mass number is the number of nucleons - (protons and neutrons.)


49. A ball rolls inside a salad bowl. The ball is released along the top edge and rolls down before climbing to the same height on the opposite side of the bowl. What is the direction of the acceleration of the ball when it at the top edge of the bowl?
The force is perpendicular to the motion to get a circular path of motion. (Think about centripetal force.)
It is towards the center and downwards a little. It is the sum of the normal force perpendicular to the bowl and the weight downwards.
W=qV where 'W' is the work - 'q' is the charge and 'V' is the potential difference measured in Volts.
Every point on a wave front is a secondary source.


50. What do you know about two objects that are launched at different horizontal velocities?
Bends waves around small objects and the interference of waves from a coherent sources.
They fall - vertically - the by the same amount in the same time.
The release of a Helium nuclei - 4 -2 He2+
Pgh ..thats ('rho')(gravity's acceleration)(height)