Test your basic knowledge |

AP Physics

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the direction of the centripetal acceleration?
The centripetal acceleration points along the radius towards the center of the circle. (Just like the centripetal force.)
Newton
Vertical direction
Entropy always increases.

2. When light travels from MORE dense to LESS dense mediums - how does the refracted ray bend in relation to the normal line?
When a body's speed is changing.
The acceleration is towards the center. It is supplied by the normal force and points towards the center.
The release of a Helium nuclei - 4 -2 He2+
the refracted ray bends AWAY from the normal line.

3. What is an indication of a change in the internal energy?

4. What is needed for electromagnetic induction to occur?
Displacement is zero because it is measured from equilibrium position. KE and velocity are at a maximum and it is the lowest point so PE due to gravity is at zero.
It is the net force pointing towards the center.
A reflected ray's phase is changes by 180° when the ray is bounced as it tries to travel from a lower to higher index of refraction. It is also changed y 180° when it bounces off of shiny surfaces.
Electromagnetic induction occurs when a conductor is moved through a magnetic field such that a component of the fields is perpendicular to the current;s direction.

5. What is an object placed when the distance between it and the mirror is positive?
Joule
In front of the mirror - in the light.
Gamma
Magnitude and direction

6. How must the mediums light is traveling through be arranged so that the condition for the critical angle can exist?
Light must travel from more to less dense so the refracted ray can bend away from the normal.
The centripetal force is the net force. It's magnitude is calculated from F=ma where 'a' is the centripetal force.
Electromagnetic induction occurs when a conductor is moved through a magnetic field such that a component of the fields is perpendicular to the current;s direction.
Work of a system is equal to 1-Qc/Qh

7. What is an adiabatic process?
Impulse is the change in momentum
An adiabatic process is where no thermal energy is transfered between the system and its surroundings.
'q' is a single particle's charge and 'Q' is the sum of all the charges. Q=q1+q2+q3+q4...
Obstacles in the path of the flow of charges.

8. Describe the relationship between Qh - Qc - and W in a heat engine?
F=qE
Work of a system is equal to 1-Qc/Qh
The work function is a minimum amount of energy needed to release a photon from a collection in the surface of a material. The ionization energy is the energy needed to release an electron from a single - free-floating - molecule. the ionization ener
Lenses that are fatter in the middle than on the edges.

9. How length effect resistance?
The longer the length of wire - the higher the resistance.
The centripetal acceleration points along the radius towards the center of the circle. (Just like the centripetal force.)
Diverging
F=qE

10. What is heat?
The movement of charges is the current and it is measures by the number of charges per second at a point.
'm' is replaced by 'q -' and 'g' is replaced by 'E.' W=mg is replaced by F=qE. The second formula describes the force on a charged particle in uniform electric field.
V=kq/R
The transfer of thermal energy

11. How do you find the number of neutrons in an atom?
Atomic mass number minus atomic number.
Newton
Potential energy stored in gravity (PE = mgh)
Power ... Power equals the change in energy over time.

12. Under what conditions is mechanical work positive?
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
W = KE:final - KE:initial
wave speed = (wavelength)(frequency)
(Cross-sectional Area)(Velocity)

13. What is the strong force?
g=zero so h=(Vyo)t
V - a Joule/Coulomb
Every point on a wave front is a secondary source.
THe force that holds the nucleus together.

14. In a pendulum or spring - what are the displacement - velocity - PE and KE at the equilibrium position?
kg•m/s
Displacement is zero because it is measured from equilibrium position. KE and velocity are at a maximum and it is the lowest point so PE due to gravity is at zero.
PV=nRT and PV=kT
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.

15. In a pendulum or spring - what are the displacement - velocity - PES - and K at maximum displacement?
When the object is beyond the focus for a concave mirror.
The bouncing of light
Concave
This is the highest point of the swinging motion. PE is at a maximum. Displacement is the greatest from equilibrium. KE and Velocity are zero.

16. What is the work done on a charged particle by the magnetic field? Why?
ZERO. Because the force is perpendicular to the displacement . (Open right hand rule.)
Zero.
How quickly you change velocity.
The light travels through the image.

17. A ball rolls inside a salad bowl. The ball is released along the top edge and rolls down before climbing to the same height on the opposite side of the bowl. What is the direction of the acceleration of the ball when it at the bottom of the bowl?
(1) The image is larger than the object: ho>hi. (2) image is upright.
The acceleration is towards the center. It is supplied by the normal force and points towards the center.
The energy required to remove an electron or nucleon from a molecule.
In front of the mirror - in the light.

18. S.I. unit of work
Reflection is the bouncing of waves. Refraction is the bending of waves. Diffraction bends waves around small objects and causes interference from a coherent sources.
m^3/s
The work function is a minimum amount of energy needed to release a photon from a collection in the surface of a material. The ionization energy is the energy needed to release an electron from a single - free-floating - molecule. the ionization ener
Joule

19. What is the Bohr Model of the atom?
KE=Work
The particle travels in a circle. Radius=momentum/qB
That the orbits of the electrons are like planets around the Sun.
Dark in the middle and alternating light and dark spots after that.

20. What comprises alpha radiation?
Work is the change in kinetic energy. Work transfers energy to and from a body
The charge on each capacitor.
The release of a Helium nuclei - 4 -2 He2+
Bernoulli's equation - Flow Rate = Volume/time

21. S.I. unit of pressure
Pascal
Newton
Sum of the torques equal zero.
Energy and mass are equated by E=mc^2.

22. What is the relationship that describes the rate that work is done - or that energy is used?
The force is perpendicular to the motion. This always results in a curved path. (Open right hand rule)
Convex
Power ... Power equals the change in energy over time.
PV=nRT and PV=kT

23. S.I. unit of momentum
kg•m/s
The CHANGE in velocity.
Ohm's Law: V=IR
Light must travel from more to less dense so the refracted ray can bend away from the normal.

24. Which kind of lens always has a virtual image?
Change in voltage across the resistor or capacitor.
DU = Q+W ...dU:of the environment = Q:from the environment + W:by the environment
Diverging
Gamma

25. What doesn't change (speed - frequency - or wavelength) - when light moves from one medium to another?
frequency (Think of the color as not changing.)
ROY-G-BIV: Red - Orange - Yellow - Green - Blue - Indigo - Violet
Only 1/4 wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/4
The velocity is positive

26. What are the two forms of the ideal gas law?
PV=nRT and PV=kT
Obstacles in the path of the flow of charges.
Longitudinal Wave: Sound wave - Transverse Wave: Light wave - 'The Wave' in a a crowd at a porting event.
They fall - vertically - the by the same amount in the same time.

27. What is electromagnetic induction?
A reflected ray's phase is changes by 180° when the ray is bounced as it tries to travel from a lower to higher index of refraction. It is also changed y 180° when it bounces off of shiny surfaces.
m^3/s
According to Coulomb's Law - the new force is 6/4 times the old charge.
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt

28. What equation describes the speed of a dropped object 't' seconds after it started moving?

29. What direction controls time in falling body and projectile motion problems?
Work
Atomic mass number minus atomic number.
E=hf
Vertical direction

30. Define Refraction
Diverging
g=zero so h=(Vyo)t
No image.
The bending of light

31. When is sum of force (net force) NOT zero?

32. What stays the same for resistors or capacitors in parallel?
The release of an energetic photon from an overly excited molecule.
KE=Work
Change in voltage across the resistor or capacitor.
Emf is the maximum available energy per charge at the terminal of a power source. Voltage is the actual available energy per charge at the terminals of a power source. Some energy is lost due to the source internal resistance.

33. What do the period of pendulums and springs each depend on?
V=E - IR V=terminal voltage (Volts) - E = emf: electromotiveforce (Volts) - IR = Internal drop in energy per charge (Volts)
Concave
The particle travels in a circle. Radius=momentum/qB
Pendulums depend on the length of the arm and the pull of gravity. springs depend on mass and the spring constant.

34. What comprises gamma decay?
The release of an energetic photon from an overly excited molecule.
The light travels through the image.
KE=(3/2)kT where k is Boltzman's constant
The transfer of thermal energy

35. What is force times the parallel diplacement?
Dark in the middle and alternating light and dark spots after that.
Work
Emf is the maximum available energy per charge at the terminal of a power source. Voltage is the actual available energy per charge at the terminals of a power source. Some energy is lost due to the source internal resistance.
The thicker the wire - the lower the resistance.

36. Define Snell's law.
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.
Work is the change in kinetic energy. Work transfers energy to and from a body
(n1)sin(theta1) = (n2)sin(theta2)
When the body rests on a surface.

37. What is the relationship between power - voltage and current?
Work
Weber
P=IV
The initial velocity - (Vo in the formulas)

38. Under what conditions is heat negative?

39. Formula for work as a charged particle travels across two charged plates
PV=nRT and PV=kT
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.
W=qV
Bernoulli's equation - Flow Rate = Volume/time

40. The speed of a ball when it lands at the same height it was thrown from.
Initial velocity
Pgh ..thats ('rho')(gravity's acceleration)(height)
An adiabatic process is where no thermal energy is transfered between the system and its surroundings.
P=IV

41. Force in terms of pressure
Force= Pressure/Area
Gamma
The particle travels in a circle. Radius=momentum/qB
A potential difference and a flow and energized charges.

42. How is the direction of the force on a current carrying wire calculated?
Zero. Because the displacement is perpendicular to the force (centripetal force.)
Open right hand rule
They fall - vertically - the by the same amount in the same time.
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt

43. What is the derived equation for the electric field in terms of q and r^2 ?

44. What is the relationship between energy - frequency - and wavelength in any wave?
Same number of protons by a different number of neutrons. e.g. Carbon-12 versus Carbon-14
E=hf=hc/(wavelength)
A displacement must occur. ( W=Fd)
The particle travels in a circle. Radius=momentum/qB

45. What are the three rules needed for mirrors - since not all three work every time?
PV=nRT and PV=kT
Joule
(1) Bounced off the vertex. (2) Parallel the through the focus. (3) Through the focus and parallel.
2(pi)R/T ...Circumference/Period

46. When are f - p - q - ho - hi - and M positive for mirrors?
(1) Bounced off the vertex. (2) Parallel the through the focus. (3) Through the focus and parallel.
When the object is beyond the focus for a concave mirror.
When a body is moving at a constant velocity or not moving at all.
P=IV

47. Which kind of mirror can show a real image?
Work of a system is equal to 1-Qc/Qh
Kinetic energy is conserved for an elastic collision and not for an inelastic collision. ELASTIC: m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v1'+m1v2': INELASTIC: m1v1 + m2v2 = (m1+m1)v
Concave
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.

48. What is the order of the electromagnetic spectrum?
Speed ups
Only 1/2 a wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/2
Dark in the middle and alternating light and dark spots after that.
Radio - Infrared - Visible - UltraViolet - X-Rays - Gamma Rays.

49. What did Thompson discover?
Bends waves around small objects and the interference of waves from a coherent sources.
Speed ups
g=zero so h=(Vyo)t
The electron

50. What conditions are necessary to change the reflected ray's phase by 180°?