AP Physics

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Force in terms of pressure
Diverging lenses have a negative focal length.
Force= Pressure/Area
Emf is the maximum available energy per charge at the terminal of a power source. Voltage is the actual available energy per charge at the terminals of a power source. Some energy is lost due to the source internal resistance.
Concave


2. What is the path of a charged particle in a magnetic field?
The particle travels in a circle. Radius=momentum/qB
N•m
Transverse waves: The displacement is perpendicular to the wave's motion. Longitudinal waves: The displacement is in the direction of the wave's motion.
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.


3. Unit of electric field
N/C
ROY-G-BIV: Red - Orange - Yellow - Green - Blue - Indigo - Violet
(Cross-sectional Area)(Velocity)
ZERO. Because the force is perpendicular to the displacement . (Open right hand rule.)


4. Gauge Pressure

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5. What is the difference between elastic and inelastic collisions? State the relevant equations for each.

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6. How does a wires composition effect resistance?

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7. S.I. unit of power
When the body rests on a surface.
The refracted light ray is bent 90°. (Parallel to the interface surface.)
When a body is moving at a constant velocity or not moving at all.
Watt


8. How does temperature effect resistance?
The acceleration is towards the center. It is supplied by the normal force and points towards the center.
The higher the temperature the higher the resistance. They are proportional to each other.
the refracted ray bends AWAY from the normal line.
x=Vo + ((1/2)g)sin(angle)t^2


9. What is the name given to the distance between the pivot point and applied perpendicular force?
system is the gas being studied. Environment is the surroundings outside the gas.
The nucleus
Moment arm
The interaction between an oscillating electric magnetic fields that are oriented 90° to each other. It propagates indefinitely because the wave takes its own medium.


10. S.I. Unit of electric force
Newton
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.
Potential energy stored in gravity (PE = mgh)
V=kq/R


11. What causes resistance?
E=hf ...E=energy of a single photon (J) - h = Plank's constant - f=frequency (Hz)
Alpha - Beta - and Gamma
Obstacles in the path of the flow of charges.
Tesla


12. What is the impact on the first law of thermodynamics for an isothermal process?
Break it up into x and y components using trig - add up the components.
Weight ...w=mg
The movement of charges is the current and it is measures by the number of charges per second at a point.
dU = zero. The change in temperature of the gas is zero.


13. Average kinetic energy of an ideal gas's SINGLE molecule.
Current stays the same for resistors in series.
KE = (3/2)kT
Zero.
(Cross-sectional Area)(Velocity)


14. Formula for the electric field between a pari of charged plates.
The centripetal force is the net force. It's magnitude is calculated from F=ma where 'a' is the centripetal force.
Alpha - Beta - and Gamma
frequency (Think of the color as not changing.)
E=V/d


15. Which type of lenses have a NEGATIVE focal length?
Convex
The thicker the wire - the lower the resistance.
Diverging lenses have a negative focal length.
Dark in the middle and alternating light and dark spots after that.


16. What is force times the perpendicular distance?
Torque
V=kq/R
Alpha - Beta - and Gamma
Force= Pressure/Area


17. The 'V' is (rho)Vg
KE=(3/2)kT where k is Boltzman's constant
The volume under water
Ohm's Law: V=IR
Work of a system is equal to 1-Qc/Qh


18. When is the image negative for mirrors?

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19. If you double the mass of one planet - triple the mass of another - and move them twice as far apart - what happens to the force of attraction between them?
The higher the temperature the higher the resistance. They are proportional to each other.
The work function is a minimum amount of energy needed to release a photon from a collection in the surface of a material. The ionization energy is the energy needed to release an electron from a single - free-floating - molecule. the ionization ener
Work by a system is negative when the gas contracts. (The volume decreases.)
The new force is 2/4 or 1/2 times the old force. ...Because the force of gravity varies directly with the masses and inverse squared to the distance apart.


20. What does light emission involve?
Electromagnetic wave exits the electrons to a higher orbital. When the electron relaxes - a wavelength of light is given off.
Resistance: R=R1+R2+R3+...
Initial velocity
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.


21. Under what conditions is mechanical work positive?
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
Parallel. Because the plates are shared.
Reflection is the bouncing of waves. Refraction is the bending of waves. Diffraction bends waves around small objects and causes interference from a coherent sources.
The interaction between an oscillating electric magnetic fields that are oriented 90° to each other. It propagates indefinitely because the wave takes its own medium.


22. What is ionization energy and how does it compare to the work function?
The work function is a minimum amount of energy needed to release a photon from a collection in the surface of a material. The ionization energy is the energy needed to release an electron from a single - free-floating - molecule. the ionization ener
the refracted ray bends AWAY from the normal line.
The PVT conditions change for a gas without changing the temperature.
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.


23. In a pendulum or spring - what are the displacement - velocity - PE and KE at the equilibrium position?
Displacement is zero because it is measured from equilibrium position. KE and velocity are at a maximum and it is the lowest point so PE due to gravity is at zero.
Energy and mass are equated by E=mc^2.
It is when a nucleon changes properties. Like a neutron changing into a proton.
Zero.


24. What is an isothermal process - and what is its impact on the first law of thermodynamics?
N•m
It is used in Lenz's Law to determine the change in flux of a conductor.
The PVT conditions change for a gas without changing the temperature.
In front of the mirror - in the light.


25. A ball rolls inside a salad bowl. The ball is released along the top edge and rolls down before climbing to the same height on the opposite side of the bowl. What is the direction of the acceleration of the ball when it at the top edge of the bowl?
It is towards the center and downwards a little. It is the sum of the normal force perpendicular to the bowl and the weight downwards.
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
Alpha - Beta - and Gamma
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.


26. What is the relationship that describes the rate that work is done - or that energy is used?
Power ... Power equals the change in energy over time.
No image.
When the body rests on a surface.
E=hf=hc/(wavelength)


27. Energy of a SINGLE photon
Longitudinal Wave: Sound wave - Transverse Wave: Light wave - 'The Wave' in a a crowd at a porting event.
When a body is moving at a constant velocity or not moving at all.
E=hf
g=zero so h=(Vyo)t


28. What is conservation of energy and what is its significance?
Concave
Concave
Sum of all the energy forms before a condition equals the sum of all the energy forms after the condition.
Dark in the middle and alternating light and dark spots after that.


29. Formula for the electric force felt by a charged particle in an electric field.
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.
Work is the change in kinetic energy. Work transfers energy to and from a body
It is towards the center and downwards a little. It is the sum of the normal force perpendicular to the bowl and the weight downwards.
F=qE


30. What does the pattern look like in a Young's Double Slit diffraction pattern?
Dark in the middle and alternating light and dark spots after that.
V=Vo + at ...The word 'dropped' means no initial velocity.
The bending of light
PV=nRT and PV=kT


31. What are 2 key differences between electric force and gravitational force?

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32. What causes radioactivity?
When a body's speed is changing.
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
The release of a particle or photon from an UNSTABLE nucleus.
Pascal


33. How can total momentum be calculated?
Work done 'BY' the gas.
The interaction between an oscillating electric magnetic fields that are oriented 90° to each other. It propagates indefinitely because the wave takes its own medium.
Adding the momentum of all the bodies.
The acceleration is towards the center. It is supplied by the normal force and points towards the center.


34. What is the relationship between speed - frequency - and wavelength?
Newton
the refracted ray bends AWAY from the normal line.
W = KE:final - KE:initial
wave speed = (wavelength)(frequency)


35. How does the closed right hand rule work in electromagnetic induction?

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36. What is the strong force?
'q' is a single particle's charge and 'Q' is the sum of all the charges. Q=q1+q2+q3+q4...
THe force that holds the nucleus together.
Joule
Impulse


37. When is the image negative for a lens?
Atmospheric pressure
Converging lenses have a positive focal length.
When it is on the same side as the image?
x=(1/2)at^2 ...Horizontal velocity does not affect the time of fall.


38. Formula for the electric field at point in space for a single point charge.
The interaction between an oscillating electric magnetic fields that are oriented 90° to each other. It propagates indefinitely because the wave takes its own medium.
Ohm's Law: V=IR
E=kq/R^2
convex mirrors are diverging mirrors.


39. S.I. unit of flux
The bouncing of light
V - a Joule/Coulomb
Weber
Broad bright spot in the middle and alternating dark and light spots to the sides.


40. Which kind of mirror cannot magnify an image?
Radio - Infrared - Visible - UltraViolet - X-Rays - Gamma Rays.
Gamma
Convex
Adding the momentum of all the bodies.


41. Which kind of lens always has a virtual image?
Diverging
'q' is a single particle's charge and 'Q' is the sum of all the charges. Q=q1+q2+q3+q4...
V=kq/R
Current stays the same for resistors in series.


42. S.I. unit of every kind of energy
Torque
(Cross-sectional Area)(Velocity)
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
Joule


43. Formula for work as a charged particle travels across two charged plates
the refracted ray bends AWAY from the normal line.
C=kEA/d: Increase the area of the plates - decrease the distance between the plates -and increase the dielectric constant between the plates.
Atmospheric pressure
W=qV


44. What is transmutation?
Emf is the maximum available energy per charge at the terminal of a power source. Voltage is the actual available energy per charge at the terminals of a power source. Some energy is lost due to the source internal resistance.
(rho)gh
The Law of reflection states that the incident angle of a wave is equal to the reflected angle.
It is when a nucleon changes properties. Like a neutron changing into a proton.


45. S.I. unit of frictional force
2(pi)R/T ...Circumference/Period
Newton
Heat - (the 'Q' variable) - is POSITIVE when thermal energy is being ADDED to a system.
When it is on the 'dark' side of the mirror. Opposite the light.


46. Define Snell's law.
(n1)sin(theta1) = (n2)sin(theta2)
the refracted ray bends TOWARDS the normal line.
Electromagnetic induction occurs when a conductor is moved through a magnetic field such that a component of the fields is perpendicular to the current;s direction.
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.


47. What doesn't change (speed - frequency - or wavelength) - when light moves from one medium to another?
ZERO
frequency (Think of the color as not changing.)
The light travels through the image.
(1) Straight through the vertex. (2) Parallel then through the primary focus.


48. Which type of radiation has the highest energy?
V=kq/R
Gamma
(1) The image is larger than the object: ho>hi. (2) image is upright.
The PVT conditions change for a gas without changing the temperature.


49. What equation describes the speed in the y-direction of a projectile 't' seconds after it started moving?
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.
kg•m/s
Vy=Vyo + gt ...Watch the signs.
W=qV where 'W' is the work - 'q' is the charge and 'V' is the potential difference measured in Volts.


50. In a pendulum or spring - what are the displacement - velocity - PES - and K at maximum displacement?
This is the highest point of the swinging motion. PE is at a maximum. Displacement is the greatest from equilibrium. KE and Velocity are zero.
Work done 'BY' the gas.
KE=(3/2)kT where k is Boltzman's constant
The centripetal acceleration points along the radius towards the center of the circle. (Just like the centripetal force.)