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AP Physics

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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1. What kind of mirror has a positive focus?
No image.
E=V/d
Concave
Magnitude and direction

2. What is implied when an object is not accelerating in the x direction?
The body is moving at a constant velocity
(1) The image is larger than the object: ho>hi. (2) image is upright.
Only 1/4 wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/4
F=qE

3. S.I. unit of work
Joule
x=Vo + ((1/2)g)sin(angle)t^2
The bouncing of light
the refracted ray bends AWAY from the normal line.

4. How much work is the work done on an object moving in a circle? Why?
The PVT conditions change for a gas without changing the temperature.
Zero. Because the displacement is perpendicular to the force (centripetal force.)
The centripetal force points along the radius towards the center of the circle.
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt

5. How does thickness effect resistance?
dU = zero. The change in temperature of the gas is zero.
The release of an electron and antineutrino or the release of a positron and a neutrino.
The thicker the wire - the lower the resistance.
N•m

6. What did Rutherford discover?
(1) The image is larger than the object: ho>hi. (2) image is upright.
It is the net force pointing towards the center.
Zero. Because the displacement is perpendicular to the force (centripetal force.)
The nucleus

7. Average kinetic energy of an ideal gas's SINGLE molecule.
KE = (3/2)kT
The release of an energetic photon from an overly excited molecule.
Joule
Bernoulli's equation - Flow Rate = Volume/time

8. Describe the relationship between Qh - Qc - and W in a heat engine?
Emf is the maximum available energy per charge at the terminal of a power source. Voltage is the actual available energy per charge at the terminals of a power source. Some energy is lost due to the source internal resistance.
The centripetal force is the net force. It's magnitude is calculated from F=ma where 'a' is the centripetal force.
ZERO
Work of a system is equal to 1-Qc/Qh

9. How is the direction of the force on a current carrying wire calculated?
Open right hand rule
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.
P=IV
Pendulums depend on the length of the arm and the pull of gravity. springs depend on mass and the spring constant.

10. What is the difference between emf and voltage?
Emf is the maximum available energy per charge at the terminal of a power source. Voltage is the actual available energy per charge at the terminals of a power source. Some energy is lost due to the source internal resistance.
The NET work BY a system is the area enclosed in a cycle on a PV diagram.
How quickly you change velocity.
Change in voltage across the resistor or capacitor.

11. How is the force on a charged particle in a magnetic field creating the path calculated?
The force is perpendicular to the motion. This always results in a curved path. (Open right hand rule)
frequency (Think of the color as not changing.)
It is used in Lenz's Law to determine the change in flux of a conductor.
KE = (3/2)kT

12. What is the difference between the variable 'q' and 'Q?'?

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13. Which kind of mirror cannot magnify an image?
Lenses that are thinner in the middle than on the edges.
The release of a Helium nuclei - 4 -2 He2+
Convex
Vx=(Vxo)t ...Recall that there is no acceleration in the horizontal direction.

14. How does impulse relate to force?
'q' is a single particle's charge and 'Q' is the sum of all the charges. Q=q1+q2+q3+q4...
ROY-G-BIV: Red - Orange - Yellow - Green - Blue - Indigo - Violet
Moment arm
Impulse is (force)(time)

15. Formula for work by a car that changes speed on a horizontal road.
The nucleus
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
W = KE:final - KE:initial
Broad bright spot in the middle and alternating dark and light spots to the sides.

16. The 'V' is (rho)Vg
The volume under water
Weber
W = KE:final - KE:initial
E=kq/R^2

17. What is the horizontal acceleration of projectiles?
A motor uses energy to spin the coils in a magnetic field. A generator spins the coils to create an potential difference.
velocity
The body is moving at a constant velocity
ZERO

18. What is the electric field's magnitude inside of a container made from an electrical INSULATOR?
g=zero so h=(Vyo)t
The graph of force vs displacement
Something other than zero.
(1) Straight through the vertex. (2) Parallel then through the primary focus.

19. What does the term electric potential energy mean?
Electric potential is the potential energy associated with the electric force F=qE
Only 1/2 a wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/2
Vertical direction
The light travels through the image.

20. Which type of lenses have a NEGATIVE focal length?
A reflected ray's phase is changes by 180° when the ray is bounced as it tries to travel from a lower to higher index of refraction. It is also changed y 180° when it bounces off of shiny surfaces.
Every point on a wave front is a secondary source.
Diverging lenses have a negative focal length.
the refracted ray bends TOWARDS the normal line.

21. What is the relationship that describes the rate that work is done - or that energy is used?
Current stays the same for resistors in series.
Power ... Power equals the change in energy over time.
The electric field forces charges to move.
Force= Pressure/Area

22. What are 2 key differences between electric force and gravitational force?

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23. What is the photoelectric effect?
It is used in Lenz's Law to determine the change in flux of a conductor.
It is the release of photoelectrons released by photons with an energy (E=hf) above the work function.
When a body is moving at a constant velocity or not moving at all.
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt

24. Energy of a SINGLE photon
Broad bright spot in the middle and alternating dark and light spots to the sides.
wave speed = (wavelength)(frequency)
The new force is 2/4 or 1/2 times the old force. ...Because the force of gravity varies directly with the masses and inverse squared to the distance apart.
E=hf

25. Which kind of mirror can show a real image?
When it is on the same side as the image?
Concave
The movement of charges is the current and it is measures by the number of charges per second at a point.
Pascal

26. What shape is a diverging mirror?
Longitudinal Wave: Sound wave - Transverse Wave: Light wave - 'The Wave' in a a crowd at a porting event.
convex mirrors are diverging mirrors.
Conservation of Energy ... because E=hf
KE=(3/2)kT where k is Boltzman's constant

27. What is meant by the terms system and environment?
Tesla
system is the gas being studied. Environment is the surroundings outside the gas.
The movement of charges is the current and it is measures by the number of charges per second at a point.
Speed ups

28. How is the net work of a system (gas) measured?
Newton
The release of an electron and antineutrino or the release of a positron and a neutrino.
The NET work BY a system is the area enclosed in a cycle on a PV diagram.
Work is the change in kinetic energy. Work transfers energy to and from a body

29. Which type of radiation has the lowest energy?
Pascal
The new force is 2/4 or 1/2 times the old force. ...Because the force of gravity varies directly with the masses and inverse squared to the distance apart.
Alpha
Bends waves around small objects and the interference of waves from a coherent sources.

30. What are the two forms of the ideal gas law?
Potential energy stored in gravity (PE = mgh)
PV=nRT and PV=kT
wave speed = (wavelength)(frequency)
Work done 'BY' the gas.

31. S.I. unit of pressure
Pascal
The electric field forces charges to move.
The motion of the molecules in gas.
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.

32. What is an isothermal process - and what is its impact on the first law of thermodynamics?
N/C
Concave
The release of a Helium nuclei - 4 -2 He2+
The PVT conditions change for a gas without changing the temperature.

33. What is the law of reflection?
An adiabatic process is where no thermal energy is transfered between the system and its surroundings.
Sum of all the energy forms before a condition equals the sum of all the energy forms after the condition.
Newton
The Law of reflection states that the incident angle of a wave is equal to the reflected angle.

34. A ball rolls inside a salad bowl. The ball is released along the top edge and rolls down before climbing to the same height on the opposite side of the bowl. What is the direction of the acceleration of the ball when it at the bottom of the bowl?
The acceleration is towards the center. It is supplied by the normal force and points towards the center.
The interaction between an oscillating electric magnetic fields that are oriented 90° to each other. It propagates indefinitely because the wave takes its own medium.
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
system is the gas being studied. Environment is the surroundings outside the gas.

35. How length effect resistance?
The longer the length of wire - the higher the resistance.
Same number of protons by a different number of neutrons. e.g. Carbon-12 versus Carbon-14
(1) Straight through the vertex. (2) Parallel then through the primary focus.
Electric potential is the potential energy associated with the electric force F=qE

36. S.I. unit of gravitational force
Every point on a wave front is a secondary source.
E=hf ...E=energy of a single photon (J) - h = Plank's constant - f=frequency (Hz)
An adiabatic process is where no thermal energy is transfered between the system and its surroundings.
Newton

37. Define Snell's law.
The velocity is positive
The volume under water
The release of an energetic photon from an overly excited molecule.
(n1)sin(theta1) = (n2)sin(theta2)

38. What force is always present - and what is its equation?
Weight ...w=mg
When it is on the same side as the image?
A potential difference and a flow and energized charges.
THe force that holds the nucleus together.

39. What is electromagnetic induction?
V=kq/R
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt
N/C
W=qV where 'W' is the work - 'q' is the charge and 'V' is the potential difference measured in Volts.

40. Unit of energy for electricity.
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.
ROY-G-BIV: Red - Orange - Yellow - Green - Blue - Indigo - Violet
V - a Joule/Coulomb
The electron

41. What comprises beta radiation?
The release of an electron and antineutrino or the release of a positron and a neutrino.
Work is the change in kinetic energy. Work transfers energy to and from a body
The release of a Helium nuclei - 4 -2 He2+
Joule

42. Under what conditions does entropy increase?
F=qE
Entropy always increases.
That the orbits of the electrons are like planets around the Sun.
They fall - vertically - the by the same amount in the same time.

43. What is force times the perpendicular distance?
x=(1/2)at^2 Remember - the word 'dropped' implies no initial velocity.
The movement of charges is the current and it is measures by the number of charges per second at a point.
A displacement must occur. ( W=Fd)
Torque

44. What comprises alpha radiation?
Newton
The bending of light
G(M:earth)/r^2 ...force of gravity = G(M:earth)(M:body)/r^2
The release of a Helium nuclei - 4 -2 He2+

45. What is temperature?
The measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules.
Work is the change in kinetic energy. Work transfers energy to and from a body
Same number of protons by a different number of neutrons. e.g. Carbon-12 versus Carbon-14
C=kEA/d: Increase the area of the plates - decrease the distance between the plates -and increase the dielectric constant between the plates.

46. Formula for the electric force felt by a charged particle in an electric field.
Watt
F=qE
Newton
When a body is moving at a constant velocity or not moving at all.

47. What is the relationship between power - voltage and current?
P=IV
E=kq/r^2 This is the electric field's magnitude at a point in space.
The new force is 2/4 or 1/2 times the old force. ...Because the force of gravity varies directly with the masses and inverse squared to the distance apart.
Newton

48. What is the difference between a motor and a generator?
The electric force (Coulomb's Law) can attract and repel and it depends on charge. Universal Gravity depends on mass and always attracts.
A motor uses energy to spin the coils in a magnetic field. A generator spins the coils to create an potential difference.
x=(1/2)at^2 Remember - the word 'dropped' implies no initial velocity.
Alpha

49. What is Kinetic Energy lost and how is it calculated?
N•m
Only 1/4 wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/4
Lost kinetic energy is work. It is calculated from Fd or KE:final - KE:initial
The electric force (Coulomb's Law) can attract and repel and it depends on charge. Universal Gravity depends on mass and always attracts.

50. What causes radioactivity?
Displacement is zero because it is measured from equilibrium position. KE and velocity are at a maximum and it is the lowest point so PE due to gravity is at zero.
It is the release of photoelectrons released by photons with an energy (E=hf) above the work function.
The release of a particle or photon from an UNSTABLE nucleus.
The longer the length of wire - the higher the resistance.

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AP Physics

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