AP Physics

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is an object placed when the distance between it and the mirror is positive?
The higher the temperature the higher the resistance. They are proportional to each other.
In front of the mirror - in the light.
A motor uses energy to spin the coils in a magnetic field. A generator spins the coils to create an potential difference.
the refracted ray bends TOWARDS the normal line.


2. What equation describes the distance that a dropped object falls 't' seconds after it started moving?

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3. How are velocity and speed different?
Zero.
THe force that holds the nucleus together.
Velocity has a direction and speed does not have direction.
Sum of all the energy forms before a condition equals the sum of all the energy forms after the condition.


4. Which kind of lens always has a virtual image?
ROY-G-BIV: Red - Orange - Yellow - Green - Blue - Indigo - Violet
A motor uses energy to spin the coils in a magnetic field. A generator spins the coils to create an potential difference.
Broad bright spot in the middle and alternating dark and light spots to the sides.
Diverging


5. Under what conditions is mechanical work positive?
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
Vy=Vyo + gt ...Watch the signs.
Gamma
Change in voltage across the resistor or capacitor.


6. How can you tell when an engine is a Carnot Engine?

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7. What is the path of a charged particle in a magnetic field?
The energy required to remove an electron or nucleon from a molecule.
Emf is the maximum available energy per charge at the terminal of a power source. Voltage is the actual available energy per charge at the terminals of a power source. Some energy is lost due to the source internal resistance.
E=kq/r^2 This is the electric field's magnitude at a point in space.
The particle travels in a circle. Radius=momentum/qB


8. The 'V' is (rho)Vg
frequency (Think of the color as not changing.)
The electric force (Coulomb's Law) can attract and repel and it depends on charge. Universal Gravity depends on mass and always attracts.
The volume under water
the refracted ray bends TOWARDS the normal line.


9. S.I. unit of gravitational force
V=kq/R
Ohm's Law: V=IR
Newton
Change in voltage across the resistor or capacitor.


10. What did Thompson discover?
KE=Work
Zero.
The electron
Lenses that are thinner in the middle than on the edges.


11. What does the term potential difference mean?
When the object is beyond the focus for a concave mirror.
Potential difference is the change in energy of a charged particle divided by its charge.
An adiabatic process is where no thermal energy is transfered between the system and its surroundings.
Longitudinal Wave: Sound wave - Transverse Wave: Light wave - 'The Wave' in a a crowd at a porting event.


12. What are the two forms of the ideal gas law?
PV=nRT and PV=kT
Vertical direction
Emf is the maximum available energy per charge at the terminal of a power source. Voltage is the actual available energy per charge at the terminals of a power source. Some energy is lost due to the source internal resistance.
Newton


13. What doesn't change (speed - frequency - or wavelength) - when light moves from one medium to another?
C=kEA/d: Increase the area of the plates - decrease the distance between the plates -and increase the dielectric constant between the plates.
They fall - vertically - the by the same amount in the same time.
frequency (Think of the color as not changing.)
In front of the mirror - in the light.


14. How do you find the number of neutrons in an atom?
Atomic mass number minus atomic number.
Joule
The incoming light (electromagnetic wave) has the same frequency as some of the electrons.
Alpha


15. What kind of capacitor circuit adds to find the total capacitance?
Parallel. Because the plates are shared.
The NET work BY a system is the area enclosed in a cycle on a PV diagram.
When the object is beyond the focus for a concave mirror.
The longer the length of wire - the higher the resistance.


16. What does the pattern look like in a Young's Double Slit diffraction pattern?
Work done 'BY' the gas.
Dark in the middle and alternating light and dark spots after that.
Impulse is the change in momentum
When the body rests on a surface.


17. What is the horizontal acceleration of projectiles?
ZERO
Lenses that are fatter in the middle than on the edges.
frequency (Think of the color as not changing.)
The new force is 2/4 or 1/2 times the old force. ...Because the force of gravity varies directly with the masses and inverse squared to the distance apart.


18. What is the difference between a motor and a generator?
Displacement is zero because it is measured from equilibrium position. KE and velocity are at a maximum and it is the lowest point so PE due to gravity is at zero.
(Cross-sectional Area)(Velocity)
When it is on the same side as the image?
A motor uses energy to spin the coils in a magnetic field. A generator spins the coils to create an potential difference.


19. What are three ways to increase the capacitance of a capacitor?
V - a Joule/Coulomb
ZERO
C=kEA/d: Increase the area of the plates - decrease the distance between the plates -and increase the dielectric constant between the plates.
When a body is moving at a constant velocity or not moving at all.


20. S.I. unit of flux
Adding the momentum of all the bodies.
Weber
F=kq1q2/R^2
Displacement is zero because it is measured from equilibrium position. KE and velocity are at a maximum and it is the lowest point so PE due to gravity is at zero.


21. When light travels from LESS dense to a MORE dense mediums - how does the refracted ray bend in relation to the normal line?
Convex
The transfer of thermal energy
Concave
the refracted ray bends TOWARDS the normal line.


22. What is an adiabatic process?
An adiabatic process is where no thermal energy is transfered between the system and its surroundings.
F=kq1q2/R^2
Work
Newton


23. How does temperature effect resistance?
The higher the temperature the higher the resistance. They are proportional to each other.
The velocity is positive
V=E - IR V=terminal voltage (Volts) - E = emf: electromotiveforce (Volts) - IR = Internal drop in energy per charge (Volts)
It is the time for 1/2 a substance to decay by radioactive processes.


24. What is half life?
It is the time for 1/2 a substance to decay by radioactive processes.
G(M:earth)/r^2 ...force of gravity = G(M:earth)(M:body)/r^2
Concave
Power ... Power equals the change in energy over time.


25. How does a wires composition effect resistance?

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26. What is the energy equation if you see a particle accelerated perpendicular to two charged plates - or the problem states that the particle is accelerated through a potential difference?

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27. Under what conditions is mechanical work negative?
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
The bending of light
W = KE:final - KE:initial
When the object is beyond the focus for a concave mirror.


28. What causes resistance?
The Law of reflection states that the incident angle of a wave is equal to the reflected angle.
Vx=(Vxo)t ...Recall that there is no acceleration in the horizontal direction.
How quickly you change velocity.
Obstacles in the path of the flow of charges.


29. What is an isotope?
It is used in Lenz's Law to determine the change in flux of a conductor.
Same number of protons by a different number of neutrons. e.g. Carbon-12 versus Carbon-14
E=hf ...E=energy of a single photon (J) - h = Plank's constant - f=frequency (Hz)
When it is on the 'dark' side of the mirror. Opposite the light.


30. What conditions are necessary to change the reflected ray's phase by 180°?

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31. How does impulse relate to force?
Impulse is (force)(time)
N•m
The movement of charges is the current and it is measures by the number of charges per second at a point.
When it is on the same side as the image?


32. What is temperature?
THe force that holds the nucleus together.
Lenses that are fatter in the middle than on the edges.
The measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules.
Impulse is (force)(time)


33. What is the difference between emf and voltage?
Emf is the maximum available energy per charge at the terminal of a power source. Voltage is the actual available energy per charge at the terminals of a power source. Some energy is lost due to the source internal resistance.
G(M:earth)/r^2 ...force of gravity = G(M:earth)(M:body)/r^2
Joule
A displacement must occur. ( W=Fd)


34. Formula for the electric field between a pari of charged plates.
Atomic number is the number of protons. Atomic mass number is the number of nucleons - (protons and neutrons.)
g=zero so h=(Vyo)t
Pgh ..thats ('rho')(gravity's acceleration)(height)
E=V/d


35. S.I. unit of momentum
The particle travels in a circle. Radius=momentum/qB
KE=(3/2)kT where k is Boltzman's constant
kg•m/s
Atmospheric pressure


36. What does the term electric potential energy mean?
(Cross-sectional Area)(Velocity)
'q' is a single particle's charge and 'Q' is the sum of all the charges. Q=q1+q2+q3+q4...
F=kq1q2/R^2
Electric potential is the potential energy associated with the electric force F=qE


37. What is impulse?
When it is on the same side as the image?
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt
'q' is a single particle's charge and 'Q' is the sum of all the charges. Q=q1+q2+q3+q4...
Impulse is the change in momentum


38. What is the direction of the centripetal force?
The centripetal force points along the radius towards the center of the circle.
Only 1/4 wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/4
N/C
PV=nRT and PV=kT


39. How length effect resistance?
frequency (Think of the color as not changing.)
The longer the length of wire - the higher the resistance.
Bends waves around small objects and the interference of waves from a coherent sources.
Potential energy stored in gravity (PE = mgh)


40. What is the actual movement of charges - and how is it measured?
The movement of charges is the current and it is measures by the number of charges per second at a point.
The force is perpendicular to the motion. This always results in a curved path. (Open right hand rule)
When a body's speed is changing.
The centripetal acceleration points along the radius towards the center of the circle. (Just like the centripetal force.)


41. What is the energy of a photon?

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42. What is the energy equation for the change in temperature if it results from a loss in KE?

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43. In electrostatics - what takes the place of m and g in the formulae?

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44. What is the area under the acceleration versus time graph?
(mg)sin(angle)
Newton
G(M:earth)/r^2 ...force of gravity = G(M:earth)(M:body)/r^2
The CHANGE in velocity.


45. What do you know about two objects that are launched at different horizontal velocities?
Zero.
system is the gas being studied. Environment is the surroundings outside the gas.
They fall - vertically - the by the same amount in the same time.
Joule


46. What is force times the perpendicular distance?
The refracted light ray is bent 90°. (Parallel to the interface surface.)
E=hf=hc/(wavelength)
Torque
Tesla


47. What is mass energy equivalence?
Obstacles in the path of the flow of charges.
The NET work BY a system is the area enclosed in a cycle on a PV diagram.
g=zero so h=(Vyo)t
Energy and mass are equated by E=mc^2.


48. What is the second law of thermodynamics?
Bends waves around small objects and the interference of waves from a coherent sources.
Statistically speaking - energy flows from hot to cold.
dU = zero. The change in temperature of the gas is zero.
The nucleus


49. How much work is the work done on an object moving in a circle? Why?
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
The engine's efficiency is 1-Tc/Th. It is defined by the temperature's in the reservoirs and not the thermal energy flowing from them.
When it is on the 'dark' side of the mirror. Opposite the light.
Zero. Because the displacement is perpendicular to the force (centripetal force.)


50. What is a key requirement in order for work to be done?
Joule
A displacement must occur. ( W=Fd)
V=kq/R
Gamma