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AP Physics

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is half life?
The longer the length of wire - the higher the resistance.
The movement of charges is the current and it is measures by the number of charges per second at a point.
dU = zero. The change in temperature of the gas is zero.
It is the time for 1/2 a substance to decay by radioactive processes.

2. Formula for the electric force felt by a charged particle in an electric field.
Lenses that are thinner in the middle than on the edges.
F=qE
When it is on the same side as the image?
Speed ups

3. S.I. unit of centripetal force
When the body rests on a surface.
Newton
Alpha - Beta - and Gamma
When the object is beyond the focus for a concave mirror.

4. What forces charges to move?
According to Coulomb's Law - the new force is 6/4 times the old charge.
Alpha
The graph of force vs displacement
The electric field forces charges to move.

5. What kind of image do you get when the object is placed at the focus?
No image.
When a body's speed is changing.
THe force that holds the nucleus together.
Something other than zero.

6. Which kind of mirror can show a real image?
x=Vo + ((1/2)g)sin(angle)t^2
Work by a system is negative when the gas contracts. (The volume decreases.)
Only 1/2 a wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/2
Concave

7. What is the component of 'mg' parallel to a slope?
Electric potential is the potential energy associated with the electric force F=qE
Change in voltage across the resistor or capacitor.
(mg)sin(angle)
Obstacles in the path of the flow of charges.

8. What kind of capacitor circuit adds to find the total capacitance?
Parallel. Because the plates are shared.
V=Vo + at ...The word 'dropped' means no initial velocity.
Adding the momentum of all the bodies.
Entropy always increases.

9. How does impulse relate to force?
Conservation of Energy ... because E=hf
Impulse is (force)(time)
Radio - Infrared - Visible - UltraViolet - X-Rays - Gamma Rays.
Obstacles in the path of the flow of charges.

10. What is the derived equation for the electric field in terms of q and r^2 ?

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11. What is ionization energy and how does it compare to the work function?
Kinetic energy is conserved for an elastic collision and not for an inelastic collision. ELASTIC: m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v1'+m1v2': INELASTIC: m1v1 + m2v2 = (m1+m1)v
The work function is a minimum amount of energy needed to release a photon from a collection in the surface of a material. The ionization energy is the energy needed to release an electron from a single - free-floating - molecule. the ionization ener
2(pi)R/T ...Circumference/Period
wave speed = (wavelength)(frequency)

12. Under what conditions is mechanical work negative?
Only 1/4 wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/4
Break it up into x and y components using trig - add up the components.
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
The PVT conditions change for a gas without changing the temperature.

13. What comprises alpha radiation?
the refracted ray bends AWAY from the normal line.
(n1)sin(theta1) = (n2)sin(theta2)
The release of a Helium nuclei - 4 -2 He2+
Lenses that are fatter in the middle than on the edges.

14. The 'V' is (rho)Vg
Current stays the same for resistors in series.
The volume under water
A motor uses energy to spin the coils in a magnetic field. A generator spins the coils to create an potential difference.
Joule

15. What is the difference between a motor and a generator?
A motor uses energy to spin the coils in a magnetic field. A generator spins the coils to create an potential difference.
Work by a system is positive when the gas expands. (The volume increases.)
m=(rho)V
Vy=Vyo + gt ...Watch the signs.

16. Buoyancy
Force lifting a body when it is in a fluid.
When the object is beyond the focus for a concave mirror.
E=hf ...E=energy of a single photon (J) - h = Plank's constant - f=frequency (Hz)
m^3/s

17. What is an isothermal process - and what is its impact on the first law of thermodynamics?
(rho)gh
The PVT conditions change for a gas without changing the temperature.
E=V/d
Convex

18. What is an object placed when the distance between it and the mirror is positive?
x=(1/2)at^2 Remember - the word 'dropped' implies no initial velocity.
In front of the mirror - in the light.
F=kq1q2/R^2
Converging lenses have a positive focal length.

19. What is the general equation for motion down a slope and how does it change if the object is going up the slope?
The volume under water
system is the gas being studied. Environment is the surroundings outside the gas.
x=Vo + ((1/2)g)sin(angle)t^2
g=zero so h=(Vyo)t

20. What shape is a diverging lenses?
Lenses that are thinner in the middle than on the edges.
(1) Straight through the vertex. (2) Parallel then through the primary focus.
m^3/s
The body is moving at a constant velocity

21. How is the net work of a system (gas) measured?
The particle travels in a circle. Radius=momentum/qB
Work done 'BY' the gas.
The NET work BY a system is the area enclosed in a cycle on a PV diagram.
The volume under water

22. When light travels from MORE dense to LESS dense mediums - how does the refracted ray bend in relation to the normal line?
the refracted ray bends AWAY from the normal line.
Heat - (the 'Q' variable) - is POSITIVE when thermal energy is being ADDED to a system.
Alpha - Beta - and Gamma
The transfer of thermal energy

23. What causes radioactivity?
An adiabatic process is where no thermal energy is transfered between the system and its surroundings.
The release of a particle or photon from an UNSTABLE nucleus.
The graph of force vs displacement
x=(1/2)at^2 ...Horizontal velocity does not affect the time of fall.

24. What quantity stays the same for resistors in series?
Current stays the same for resistors in series.
Statistically speaking - energy flows from hot to cold.
Gamma
Concave

25. What is the electric field's magnitude inside of a container made from an electrical INSULATOR?
Work by a system is negative when the gas contracts. (The volume decreases.)
The force is perpendicular to the motion to get a circular path of motion. (Think about centripetal force.)
V=kq/R
Something other than zero.

26. Flow Rate
Impulse
(Cross-sectional Area)(Velocity)
E=hf
The force is perpendicular to the motion to get a circular path of motion. (Think about centripetal force.)

27. Give an example of a transverse and a longitudinal wave.

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28. Force in terms of pressure
ZERO
When it is on the same side as the image?
Force= Pressure/Area
It is the release of photoelectrons released by photons with an energy (E=hf) above the work function.

29. How can you tell when an engine is a Carnot Engine?

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30. What is acceleration?
How quickly you change velocity.
(rho)gh
Pascal
m=(rho)V

31. Pressure of an open container at the opening.
Alpha - Beta - and Gamma
Joule
Atmospheric pressure
Newton

32. Under what conditions is mechanical work positive?
dU = zero. The change in temperature of the gas is zero.
Work is positive when the force and displacement point in the same direction.
Weber
Heat - (the 'Q' variable) - is POSITIVE when thermal energy is being ADDED to a system.

33. What shape is a diverging mirror?
Newton
This is the highest point of the swinging motion. PE is at a maximum. Displacement is the greatest from equilibrium. KE and Velocity are zero.
Vx=(Vxo)t ...Recall that there is no acceleration in the horizontal direction.
convex mirrors are diverging mirrors.

34. If you double the mass of one planet - triple the mass of another - and move them twice as far apart - what happens to the force of attraction between them?
Force= Pressure/Area
The new force is 2/4 or 1/2 times the old force. ...Because the force of gravity varies directly with the masses and inverse squared to the distance apart.
Vx=(Vxo)t ...Recall that there is no acceleration in the horizontal direction.
Concave

35. What is electromagnetic induction?
When it is on the 'dark' side of the mirror. Opposite the light.
Electromagnetic induction is the generation of an Emf by moving a conductor through a magnetic field. emf=change in flux/dt
Joule
frequency (Think of the color as not changing.)

36. What is the energy equation if a force (friction) through a distance results in heat and thus a change in temperature?
m=(rho)V
The longer the length of wire - the higher the resistance.
KE=Work
Concave

37. What is the formula relating emf and voltage?
V=E - IR V=terminal voltage (Volts) - E = emf: electromotiveforce (Volts) - IR = Internal drop in energy per charge (Volts)
Only 1/4 wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/4
Convex
Radio - Infrared - Visible - UltraViolet - X-Rays - Gamma Rays.

38. What do batteries and generators produce?
KE = (3/2)kT
Provided experimental proof of the wave property of light.
When the body rests on a surface.
A potential difference and a flow and energized charges.

39. What is the difference between atomic number and atomic mass number?
Atomic number is the number of protons. Atomic mass number is the number of nucleons - (protons and neutrons.)
Newton
The higher the temperature the higher the resistance. They are proportional to each other.
Only 1/4 wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/4

40. What is the work done on a charged particle by the magnetic field? Why?
m^3/s
ZERO. Because the force is perpendicular to the displacement . (Open right hand rule.)
The PVT conditions change for a gas without changing the temperature.
When the object is beyond the focus for a concave mirror.

41. How is the centripetal force represented in a free body diagram?
Radio - Infrared - Visible - UltraViolet - X-Rays - Gamma Rays.
Speed ups
It is the net force pointing towards the center.
No image.

42. What is the name given to the distance between the pivot point and applied perpendicular force?
Ohm's Law: V=IR
Moment arm
Longitudinal Wave: Sound wave - Transverse Wave: Light wave - 'The Wave' in a a crowd at a porting event.
Work by a system is positive when the gas expands. (The volume increases.)

43. Unit of energy for electricity.
wave speed = (wavelength)(frequency)
F=Bilsin(theta) ...F=Force (N) - B:=magnetic field (T) - i=current (A) - l=length of wire in the field (m) - theta is the acute angle between the field and current's directions.
(1) Straight through the vertex. (2) Parallel then through the primary focus.
V - a Joule/Coulomb

44. What is the area under any PV curve?

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45. This is the gauge pressure when under water.
Sum of all the energy forms before a condition equals the sum of all the energy forms after the condition.
system is the gas being studied. Environment is the surroundings outside the gas.
(rho)gh
(mg)sin(angle)

46. What causes resistance?
Q=0 because thermal energy is not transfered between the system and its surroundings
The thicker the wire - the lower the resistance.
Obstacles in the path of the flow of charges.
Only 1/2 a wavelength fits in the tube. L=wavelength/2

47. What is an adiabatic process?
Torque
An adiabatic process is where no thermal energy is transfered between the system and its surroundings.
(n1)sin(theta1) = (n2)sin(theta2)
The electric field forces charges to move.

48. What is the relationship that describes the rate that work is done - or that energy is used?
The CHANGE in velocity.
Converging lenses have a positive focal length.
Speed ups
Power ... Power equals the change in energy over time.

49. A ball rolls inside a salad bowl. The ball is released along the top edge and rolls down before climbing to the same height on the opposite side of the bowl. What is the direction of the acceleration of the ball when it at the top edge of the bowl?
It is the release of photoelectrons released by photons with an energy (E=hf) above the work function.
the refracted ray bends TOWARDS the normal line.
Heat - (the 'Q' variable) - is NEGATIVE when thermal energy is being REMOVED from a system.
It is towards the center and downwards a little. It is the sum of the normal force perpendicular to the bowl and the weight downwards.

50. What equation describes the speed in the y-direction of a projectile 't' seconds after it started moving?
x=(1/2)at^2 Remember - the word 'dropped' implies no initial velocity.
Vy=Vyo + gt ...Watch the signs.
The CHANGE in velocity.
When it is on the 'dark' side of the mirror. Opposite the light.