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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean
population parameter
68-95-99.7 rule
sampling frame
regression to the mean
2. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population
simulation
marginal distribution
distribution
sample survey
3. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available
multimodal
residuals
retrospective study
convenience sample
4. Although linear models provide an easy way to predict values of y for a given value of x - it is unsafe to predict for values of x far from the ones used to find the linear model equation; predictions should not be trusted
scatterplots
extrapolation
slope
data
5. Multiplying each data value by a constant multiplies both the measures of position and the measures of spread by that constant
quartile
re-express data
dotplot
rescaling
6. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data
control group
population
percentile
bimodal
7. A representative subset of a population - examined in hope of learning about the population
ladder of powers
sample
experiment
correlation
8. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams
units
completely randomized design
random assignment
frequency table
9. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range
bar chart
spread
symmetric
double-blind
10. Design Randomization occurring within blocks
randomized block
representative
least squares
extrapolation
11. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model
simulation
standard deviation
double-blind
shape
12. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1
standard normal model
data table
residuals
z-score
13. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases
retrospective study
systematic sample
random numbers
scatterplots
14. In a retrospective or prospective study Subjects who are similar in ways not under study may be ____ and then compared with each other on the variables of interest
matched
bar chart
randomization
conditional distribution
15. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes
least squares
randomization
symmetric
standardizing
16. An individual about whom or which we have data
case
spread
variance
statistically significant
17. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table
center
trial
correlation
marginal distribution
18. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value
bar chart
categorical variable
scatterplots
distribution
19. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread
symmetric
statistic
comparing distributions
confounded
20. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value
placebo
random assignment
outliers
distribution
21. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values
random numbers
randomized block
bimodal
units
22. The specific values that the experimenter chooses for a factor
timeplot
simulation component
level
shape
23. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population
spread
frequency table
population parameter
direction
24. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition
marginal distribution
sample size
normal probability plot
form
25. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame
blinding
systematic sample
stem-and-leaf display
form
26. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data
treatment
lurking variable
stem-and-leaf display
multimodal
27. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen
linear model
control group
bias
random
28. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context
predicted value
sampling variability
data
principles of experimental design
29. Value calculated from data to summarize aspects of the data
strength
statistic
placebo
scatterplots
30. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable
bar chart
census
multistage sample
5-number summary
31. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x
r2
re-express data
rescaling
experimental units
32. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category
range
sample
pie chart
r2
33. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion
regression line
voluntary response bias
single-blind
population
34. The difference between the first and third quartiles
interquartile range
pie chart
center
predicted value
35. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two
outliers
randomization
random numbers
lurking variable
36. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum
stratified random sample
lurking variable
normal probability plot
contingency table
37. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship
spread
form
linear model
strength
38. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed
intercept
tails
context
factor
39. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units
intercept
pie chart
changing center and spread
model
40. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set
bar chart
block
range
blinding
41. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels
experiment
undercoverage
units
trial
42. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value
correlation
residuals
placebo
model
43. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count
census
comparing distributions
mean
percentile
44. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area
area principle
data table
normal probability plot
statistically significant
45. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality
random assignment
completely randomized design
model
least squares
46. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median
center
statistic
interquartile range
5-number summary
47. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set
bias
response variable
re-express data
randomized block
48. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population
categorical variable
bimodal
percentile
undercoverage
49. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection
retrospective study
sampling variability
simple random sample
contingency table
50. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population
range
skewed
matching
changing center and spread