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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data






2. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1






3. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels






4. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups






5. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units






6. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one






7. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped






8. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these






9. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two






10. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen






11. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random






12. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame






13. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units






14. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population






15. An individual result of a component of a simulation






16. Design Randomization occurring within blocks






17. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment






18. Distributions with more than two modes






19. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages

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20. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count






21. Summarized with the mean or the median






22. The ____ we care about most is straight






23. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value






24. The experimental units assigned to a baseline treatment level - typically either the default treatment - which is well understood - or a null - placebo treatment






25. Displays data that change over time






26. The most basic situation in a simulation in which something happens at random






27. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short






28. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond






29. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____






30. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments






31. Adding a constant to each data value adds the same constant to the mean - the median - and the quartiles - but does not change the standard deviation or IQR






32. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition






33. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed






34. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set






35. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data






36. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it






37. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods






38. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean






39. Individuals on whom an experiment is performed






40. The difference between the first and third quartiles






41. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion






42. When the levels of one factor are associated with the levels of another factor so their effects cannot be separated






43. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection






44. Extreme values that don't appear to belong with the rest of the data






45. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






46. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units






47. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed






48. When an observed difference is too large for us to believe that is is likely to have occurred naturally






49. A distribution that's roughly flat






50. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other