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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed






2. The experimental units assigned to a baseline treatment level - typically either the default treatment - which is well understood - or a null - placebo treatment






3. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y






4. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in






5. Displays the 5-number summary as a central box with whiskers that extend to the non-outlying data values






6. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded






7. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels






8. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units






9. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame






10. A distribution that's roughly flat






11. When the levels of one factor are associated with the levels of another factor so their effects cannot be separated






12. Anything in a survey design that influences response






13. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped






14. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x






15. Numerically valued attribute of a model






16. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen






17. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean






18. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0






19. The number of individuals in a sample






20. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other






21. Extreme values that don't appear to belong with the rest of the data






22. Graphs a dot for each case against a single axis






23. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed






24. Summarized with the mean or the median






25. When an observed difference is too large for us to believe that is is likely to have occurred naturally






26. Bias introduced to a sample when individuals can choose on their own whether to participate in the sample






27. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these






28. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related






29. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes






30. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other






31. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values






32. Individuals on whom an experiment is performed






33. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






34. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value






35. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line






36. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association






37. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range






38. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____






39. Control - randomize - replicate - block






40. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages

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41. Displays data that change over time






42. A point that does not fit the overall pattern seen in the scatterplot






43. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods






44. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






45. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable






46. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data






47. Design Randomization occurring within blocks






48. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams






49. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases






50. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category