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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
Start Test
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Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship
data
stratified random sample
strength
quartile
2. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods
parameter
random numbers
multistage sample
quartile
3. The best defense against bias - in which each individual is given a fair - random chance of selection
boxplot
symmetric
simpson's paradox
randomization
4. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set
rescaling
area principle
range
voluntary response bias
5. Summarized with the mean or the median
pie chart
sampling frame
contingency table
center
6. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available
dotplot
regression line
convenience sample
prospective study
7. The difference between the first and third quartiles
regression to the mean
68-95-99.7 rule
interquartile range
ladder of powers
8. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value
simpson's paradox
observational study
distribution
sample survey
9. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one
z-score
dotplot
5-number summary
placebo effect
10. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data
lurking variable
median
subset
extrapolation
11. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association
tails
population parameter
comparing distributions
correlation
12. Distributions with more than two modes
frequency table
multimodal
intercept
re-express data
13. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other
range
re-express data
response bias
independence
14. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions
placebo
data table
extrapolation
sample size
15. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments
response variable
unimodal
z-score
response
16. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread
comparing distributions
prospective study
sample survey
outcome
17. Displays data that change over time
correlation
timeplot
rescaling
normal probability plot
18. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count
outlier
mean
strength
single-blind
19. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context
data
experimental units
center
statistic
20. When an observed difference is too large for us to believe that is is likely to have occurred naturally
multistage sample
statistically significant
timeplot
shifting
21. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes
r2
lurking variable
completely randomized design
prospective study
22. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen
independence
leverage
random
comparing distributions
23. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____
skewed
influential point
multimodal
model
24. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages
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25. An individual about whom or which we have data
units
case
sampling frame
rescaling
26. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related
statistic
random assignment
lurking variable
skewed
27. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it
simulation component
factor
quartile
data
28. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases
cluster sample
variable
quartile
simpson's paradox
29. Displays counts and - sometimes - percentages of individuals falling into named categories on two or more variables; categorizes the individuals on all variables at once - to reveal possible patterns in one variable that may be contingent on the cate
center
standard deviation
contingency table
prospective study
30. The number of individuals in a sample
data table
multistage sample
sample size
randomized block
31. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection
response variable
unimodal
variable
simple random sample
32. Adding a constant to each data value adds the same constant to the mean - the median - and the quartiles - but does not change the standard deviation or IQR
treatment
shifting
simulation
pie chart
33. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small
leverage
least squares
representative
control group
34. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line
predicted value
mode
response
frequency table
35. A positive ____ or association means that - in general - as one variable increases - so does the other; when increases in one variable generally correspond to decreases in the other - the association is negative
unimodal
shifting
randomization
direction
36. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality
quantitative variable
re-express data
predicted value
model
37. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded
quartile
context
double-blind
strength
38. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table
normal percentile
dotplot
marginal distribution
standard normal model
39. In a retrospective or prospective study Subjects who are similar in ways not under study may be ____ and then compared with each other on the variables of interest
tails
matched
data
nonresponse bias
40. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame
matching
independence
systematic sample
interquartile range
41. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value
simulation component
observational study
residuals
shape
42. An individual result of a component of a simulation
data
outcome
randomization
stratified random sample
43. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below
standard normal model
placebo effect
outlier
normal percentile
44. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed
mode
tails
principles of experimental design
undercoverage
45. Distributions with two modes
bimodal
prospective study
slope
representative
46. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population
regression line
dotplot
predicted value
undercoverage
47. A point that does not fit the overall pattern seen in the scatterplot
data
outlier
prospective study
single-blind
48. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined
observational study
retrospective study
categorical variable
conditional distribution
49. Anything in a survey design that influences response
single-blind
response bias
voluntary response bias
parameter
50. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes
interquartile range
standardizing
form
random numbers
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