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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum
symmetric
stratified random sample
retrospective study
regression line
2. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen
random
data
statistic
predicted value
3. The ____ we care about most is straight
form
regression to the mean
randomized block
units
4. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area
least squares
predicted value
area principle
distribution
5. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population
undercoverage
variance
control group
outliers
6. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed
placebo
observational study
mode
simpson's paradox
7. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one
principles of experimental design
simulation component
variance
68-95-99.7 rule
8. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation
shape
standardized value
skewed
principles of experimental design
9. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count
representative
r2
normal model
mean
10. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it
comparing distributions
placebo effect
representative
median
11. Adding a constant to each data value adds the same constant to the mean - the median - and the quartiles - but does not change the standard deviation or IQR
experiment
shifting
random numbers
voluntary response bias
12. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association
pie chart
correlation
double-blind
representative
13. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped
sampling variability
comparing distributions
conditional distribution
unimodal
14. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two
matched
5-number summary
lurking variable
random numbers
15. The square root of the variance
simulation component
parameter
standard deviation
outcome
16. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean
68-95-99.7 rule
model
intercept
lurking variable
17. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in
response variable
sample
context
simple random sample
18. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other
experimental units
multistage sample
response variable
skewed
19. Summarized with the mean or the median
regression line
center
response variable
population
20. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups
blinding
stem-and-leaf display
shape
population
21. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn
conditional distribution
strength
population
model
22. Bias introduced to a sample when individuals can choose on their own whether to participate in the sample
bias
voluntary response bias
data
leverage
23. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data
subset
changing center and spread
simple random sample
standardized value
24. Distributions with more than two modes
multimodal
mean
contingency table
random assignment
25. Displays data that change over time
scatterplots
standard deviation
timeplot
model
26. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____
sample size
predicted value
bias
independence
27. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection
5-number summary
extrapolation
random numbers
simple random sample
28. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters
boxplot
center
marginal distribution
representative
29. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units
changing center and spread
observational study
single-blind
subset
30. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short
center
tails
categorical variable
histogram
31. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ
dotplot
sampling variability
timeplot
outliers
32. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions
uniform
sampling frame
placebo
response bias
33. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition
contingency table
independence
normal probability plot
68-95-99.7 rule
34. A sample that consists of the entire population
census
distribution
random numbers
model
35. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread
level
symmetric
normal model
comparing distributions
36. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases
census
context
simulation
scatterplots
37. A representative subset of a population - examined in hope of learning about the population
experimental units
block
sample
systematic sample
38. Distributions with two modes
boxplot
bimodal
distribution
normal probability plot
39. Graphs a dot for each case against a single axis
frequency table
mean
dotplot
boxplot
40. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below
census
control group
normal percentile
bias
41. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category
shape
frequency table
standardizing
independence
42. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units
data
quantitative variable
ladder of powers
response variable
43. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y
slope
prospective study
bar chart
representative
44. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage
block
stratified random sample
skewed
outlier
45. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo
placebo effect
stem-and-leaf display
distribution
independence
46. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn
voluntary response bias
sampling frame
stratified random sample
population
47. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context
multimodal
quartile
data
sample size
48. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame
influential point
systematic sample
model
factor
49. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'
spread
census
sample survey
contingency table
50. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value
placebo effect
sampling frame
distribution
predicted value