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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame






2. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one






3. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other






4. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related






5. Although linear models provide an easy way to predict values of y for a given value of x - it is unsafe to predict for values of x far from the ones used to find the linear model equation; predictions should not be trusted






6. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below






7. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values






8. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two






9. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined






10. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition






11. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population






12. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count






13. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen






14. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set






15. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in






16. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean






17. Displays counts and - sometimes - percentages of individuals falling into named categories on two or more variables; categorizes the individuals on all variables at once - to reveal possible patterns in one variable that may be contingent on the cate






18. A variable that names categories (whether with words or numerals)






19. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond






20. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread






21. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data






22. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1






23. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality






24. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units






25. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units






26. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line






27. Extreme values that don't appear to belong with the rest of the data






28. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters






29. Design Randomization occurring within blocks






30. Adding a constant to each data value adds the same constant to the mean - the median - and the quartiles - but does not change the standard deviation or IQR






31. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes






32. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes






33. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population






34. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table






35. Summarized with the mean or the median






36. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments






37. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these






38. When the levels of one factor are associated with the levels of another factor so their effects cannot be separated






39. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection






40. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable






41. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it






42. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo






43. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation






44. Graphs a dot for each case against a single axis






45. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category






46. The difference between the first and third quartiles






47. Numerically valued attribute of a model






48. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases






49. The experimental units assigned to a baseline treatment level - typically either the default treatment - which is well understood - or a null - placebo treatment






50. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data