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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Displays data that change over time






2. The experimental units assigned to a baseline treatment level - typically either the default treatment - which is well understood - or a null - placebo treatment






3. A distribution that's roughly flat






4. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____






5. A sample that consists of the entire population






6. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter






7. An individual result of a component of a simulation






8. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data






9. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random






10. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set






11. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship






12. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category






13. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'






14. Individuals on whom an experiment is performed






15. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions






16. Numerically valued attribute of a model






17. The difference between the first and third quartiles






18. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation






19. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo






20. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn






21. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small






22. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions






23. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place






24. A point that does not fit the overall pattern seen in the scatterplot






25. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these






26. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population






27. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters






28. Bias introduced to a sample when individuals can choose on their own whether to participate in the sample






29. Value calculated from data to summarize aspects of the data






30. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area






31. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set






32. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units






33. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






34. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population






35. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean






36. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases






37. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed






38. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y






39. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below






40. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment






41. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases






42. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short






43. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages

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44. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams






45. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1






46. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data






47. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median






48. This criterion specifies the unique line that minimizes the variance of the residuals or - equivalently - the sum of the squared residuals






49. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable






50. The most basic situation in a simulation in which something happens at random