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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Although linear models provide an easy way to predict values of y for a given value of x - it is unsafe to predict for values of x far from the ones used to find the linear model equation; predictions should not be trusted






2. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value






3. The difference between the first and third quartiles






4. Individuals on whom an experiment is performed






5. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






6. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality






7. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value






8. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range






9. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes






10. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random






11. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






12. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods






13. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population






14. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____






15. Design Randomization occurring within blocks






16. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions






17. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category






18. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






19. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x






20. Extreme values that don't appear to belong with the rest of the data






21. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it






22. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population






23. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments






24. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short






25. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two






26. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set






27. A distribution that's roughly flat






28. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random






29. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small






30. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y






31. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions






32. A representative subset of a population - examined in hope of learning about the population






33. Multiplying each data value by a constant multiplies both the measures of position and the measures of spread by that constant






34. The square root of the variance






35. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below






36. The number of individuals in a sample






37. Displays data that change over time






38. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen






39. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams






40. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data






41. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded






42. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values






43. Distributions with more than two modes






44. A point that does not fit the overall pattern seen in the scatterplot






45. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context






46. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum






47. The best defense against bias - in which each individual is given a fair - random chance of selection






48. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups






49. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data






50. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed