Test your basic knowledge |

AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded






2. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions






3. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded






4. When an observed difference is too large for us to believe that is is likely to have occurred naturally






5. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo






6. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other






7. The most basic situation in a simulation in which something happens at random






8. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment






9. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation






10. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x






11. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond






12. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0






13. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____






14. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship






15. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data






16. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random






17. The number of individuals in a sample






18. A distribution that's roughly flat






19. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






20. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






21. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population






22. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






23. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units






24. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen






25. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two






26. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these






27. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean






28. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small






29. The experimental units assigned to a baseline treatment level - typically either the default treatment - which is well understood - or a null - placebo treatment






30. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units






31. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set






32. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value






33. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases






34. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels






35. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value






36. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units






37. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population






38. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x






39. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one






40. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other






41. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable






42. The square root of the variance






43. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value






44. Displays data that change over time






45. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed






46. The best defense against bias - in which each individual is given a fair - random chance of selection






47. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition






48. Control - randomize - replicate - block






49. The ____ we care about most is straight






50. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data