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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data






2. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn






3. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn






4. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table






5. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median






6. A representative subset of a population - examined in hope of learning about the population






7. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line






8. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes






9. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range






10. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable






11. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count






12. A point that does not fit the overall pattern seen in the scatterplot






13. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable






14. Displays data that change over time






15. Summarized with the mean or the median






16. Extreme values that don't appear to belong with the rest of the data






17. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods






18. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x






19. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups






20. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short






21. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population






22. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population






23. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place






24. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it






25. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






26. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed






27. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels






28. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment






29. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped






30. This criterion specifies the unique line that minimizes the variance of the residuals or - equivalently - the sum of the squared residuals






31. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection






32. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded






33. The best defense against bias - in which each individual is given a fair - random chance of selection






34. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random






35. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small






36. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area






37. Displays the 5-number summary as a central box with whiskers that extend to the non-outlying data values






38. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context






39. A distribution that's roughly flat






40. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population






41. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






42. The ____ we care about most is straight






43. Bias introduced to a sample when individuals can choose on their own whether to participate in the sample






44. The difference between the first and third quartiles






45. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread






46. The square root of the variance






47. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it






48. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen






49. To describe this aspect of a distribution - look for single vs. multiple modes - and symmetry vs. skewness






50. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter