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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one
z-score
independence
stem-and-leaf display
trial
2. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data
randomization
contingency table
ladder of powers
level
3. The number of individuals in a sample
rescaling
sample size
standard deviation
data table
4. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo
68-95-99.7 rule
placebo effect
response variable
slope
5. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn
dotplot
double-blind
variable
sampling frame
6. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes
influential point
changing center and spread
form
prospective study
7. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set
simulation component
histogram
range
confounded
8. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line
pie chart
extrapolation
rescaling
predicted value
9. When an observed difference is too large for us to believe that is is likely to have occurred naturally
histogram
outlier
residuals
statistically significant
10. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed
normal percentile
observational study
placebo
spread
11. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'
spread
ladder of powers
dotplot
leverage
12. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable
completely randomized design
outliers
comparing distributions
bar chart
13. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection
mean
5-number summary
randomized block
simple random sample
14. Distributions with two modes
lurking variable
lurking variable
bimodal
unimodal
15. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment
simulation component
completely randomized design
factor
leverage
16. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context
data
histogram
confounded
sample survey
17. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data
subset
standard deviation
response
sampling frame
18. Design Randomization occurring within blocks
statistic
units
systematic sample
randomized block
19. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these
scatterplots
variable
block
data table
20. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters
representative
statistically significant
linear model
simulation
21. When the levels of one factor are associated with the levels of another factor so their effects cannot be separated
multistage sample
5-number summary
correlation
confounded
22. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame
sampling frame
response variable
systematic sample
conditional distribution
23. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table
quartile
uniform
marginal distribution
strength
24. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units
treatment
influential point
normal model
range
25. Displays the 5-number summary as a central box with whiskers that extend to the non-outlying data values
boxplot
correlation
marginal distribution
response bias
26. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn
matching
normal model
population
placebo
27. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below
dotplot
tails
normal percentile
pie chart
28. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean
simulation
regression to the mean
influential point
model
29. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population
changing center and spread
undercoverage
timeplot
area principle
30. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____
intercept
least squares
influential point
re-express data
31. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean
independence
ladder of powers
68-95-99.7 rule
population parameter
32. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population
representative
categorical variable
sample survey
spread
33. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond
extrapolation
nonresponse bias
normal model
context
34. Displays data that change over time
parameter
correlation
treatment
timeplot
35. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random
mean
symmetric
variable
cluster sample
36. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population
bar chart
level
matching
outcome
37. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions
random
normal model
leverage
shifting
38. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen
skewed
regression to the mean
random
population
39. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set
re-express data
data table
standardizing
prospective study
40. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels
experiment
retrospective study
frequency table
standardizing
41. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random
outliers
context
random assignment
lurking variable
42. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values
shape
conditional distribution
symmetric
random numbers
43. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition
simple random sample
conditional distribution
placebo effect
normal probability plot
44. Numerically valued attribute of a model
matching
treatment
parameter
variance
45. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases
variable
data table
intercept
single-blind
46. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments
response
outlier
conditional distribution
experiment
47. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other
symmetric
factor
multimodal
quantitative variable
48. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units
normal model
quantitative variable
linear model
conditional distribution
49. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation
rescaling
outlier
standardized value
68-95-99.7 rule
50. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data
boxplot
random numbers
placebo
stem-and-leaf display