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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place






2. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded






3. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed






4. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo






5. The best defense against bias - in which each individual is given a fair - random chance of selection






6. The ____ we care about most is straight






7. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association






8. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area






9. Uses adjacent bars to show the distribution of vales in a quantitative variable; each bar represents the frequency (or relative frequency) of values falling in an interval of values






10. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions






11. Numerically valued attribute of a model






12. Multiplying each data value by a constant multiplies both the measures of position and the measures of spread by that constant






13. To describe this aspect of a distribution - look for single vs. multiple modes - and symmetry vs. skewness






14. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ






15. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






16. When an observed difference is too large for us to believe that is is likely to have occurred naturally






17. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x






18. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn






19. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value






20. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum






21. The square root of the variance






22. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below






23. Summarized with the mean or the median






24. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection






25. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship






26. Value calculated from data to summarize aspects of the data






27. Bias introduced to a sample when individuals can choose on their own whether to participate in the sample






28. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count






29. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data






30. A sample that consists of the entire population






31. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






32. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short






33. The specific values that the experimenter chooses for a factor






34. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units






35. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases






36. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these






37. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set






38. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality






39. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it






40. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable






41. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups






42. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other






43. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






44. The difference between the first and third quartiles






45. Although linear models provide an easy way to predict values of y for a given value of x - it is unsafe to predict for values of x far from the ones used to find the linear model equation; predictions should not be trusted






46. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it






47. Distributions with more than two modes






48. Individuals on whom an experiment is performed






49. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population






50. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean