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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place
trial
extrapolation
variable
5-number summary
2. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population
bias
convenience sample
simple random sample
population parameter
3. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model
residuals
68-95-99.7 rule
simulation
response
4. The ____ we care about most is straight
sampling variability
experiment
standard normal model
form
5. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1
bimodal
standard normal model
tails
normal model
6. Design Randomization occurring within blocks
randomized block
median
tails
stem-and-leaf display
7. Extreme values that don't appear to belong with the rest of the data
ladder of powers
quantitative variable
outlier
outliers
8. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes
distribution
factor
shifting
prospective study
9. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ
placebo
data
bar chart
sampling variability
10. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category
pie chart
marginal distribution
undercoverage
multimodal
11. The square root of the variance
standard deviation
principles of experimental design
confounded
variance
12. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals
conditional distribution
least squares
frequency table
center
13. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation
standardized value
spread
double-blind
response variable
14. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data
statistic
standardized value
treatment
ladder of powers
15. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related
block
lurking variable
stem-and-leaf display
variable
16. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in
sample size
response variable
skewed
uniform
17. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it
least squares
quartile
lurking variable
completely randomized design
18. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values
simple random sample
random numbers
comparing distributions
residuals
19. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units
single-blind
tails
quantitative variable
statistic
20. A positive ____ or association means that - in general - as one variable increases - so does the other; when increases in one variable generally correspond to decreases in the other - the association is negative
direction
multimodal
standardizing
case
21. Although linear models provide an easy way to predict values of y for a given value of x - it is unsafe to predict for values of x far from the ones used to find the linear model equation; predictions should not be trusted
distribution
extrapolation
mode
data table
22. Control - randomize - replicate - block
matching
principles of experimental design
center
r2
23. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population
undercoverage
center
mean
leverage
24. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment
completely randomized design
categorical variable
population parameter
changing center and spread
25. Anything in a survey design that influences response
response bias
simpson's paradox
ladder of powers
response
26. Multiplying each data value by a constant multiplies both the measures of position and the measures of spread by that constant
median
changing center and spread
symmetric
rescaling
27. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame
systematic sample
matching
rescaling
sampling frame
28. Numerically valued attribute of a model
parameter
single-blind
rescaling
response variable
29. Summarized with the mean or the median
center
stem-and-leaf display
variance
extrapolation
30. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random
standard normal model
population
simpson's paradox
random assignment
31. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below
placebo effect
nonresponse bias
normal percentile
percentile
32. An individual about whom or which we have data
contingency table
experiment
treatment
case
33. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table
retrospective study
marginal distribution
quantitative variable
bias
34. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable
factor
bar chart
dotplot
response variable
35. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments
symmetric
response
area principle
re-express data
36. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range
census
spread
area principle
range
37. Value calculated from data to summarize aspects of the data
shape
data table
statistic
form
38. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one
variance
retrospective study
interquartile range
z-score
39. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other
randomization
sampling variability
variance
symmetric
40. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units
variance
range
mode
treatment
41. A distribution that's roughly flat
normal model
uniform
bar chart
population parameter
42. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality
model
dotplot
nonresponse bias
randomized block
43. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random
cluster sample
census
shape
re-express data
44. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data
percentile
center
convenience sample
level
45. The best defense against bias - in which each individual is given a fair - random chance of selection
randomization
completely randomized design
bimodal
comparing distributions
46. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0
model
intercept
nonresponse bias
variable
47. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond
intercept
quantitative variable
nonresponse bias
unimodal
48. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters
representative
data
standard normal model
random assignment
49. In a retrospective or prospective study Subjects who are similar in ways not under study may be ____ and then compared with each other on the variables of interest
control group
prospective study
matched
regression to the mean
50. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area
ladder of powers
random
area principle
standard normal model