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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data
percentile
variance
least squares
unimodal
2. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1
standard normal model
response bias
treatment
level
3. Displays the 5-number summary as a central box with whiskers that extend to the non-outlying data values
area principle
boxplot
matched
blinding
4. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one
interquartile range
z-score
median
multistage sample
5. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context
voluntary response bias
68-95-99.7 rule
5-number summary
data
6. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set
blinding
rescaling
bias
range
7. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods
multistage sample
standardized value
observational study
center
8. Although linear models provide an easy way to predict values of y for a given value of x - it is unsafe to predict for values of x far from the ones used to find the linear model equation; predictions should not be trusted
variance
extrapolation
center
single-blind
9. When an observed difference is too large for us to believe that is is likely to have occurred naturally
lurking variable
single-blind
statistically significant
interquartile range
10. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value
blinding
distribution
histogram
quartile
11. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond
normal model
least squares
variable
nonresponse bias
12. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'
spread
simulation
context
data table
13. The difference between the first and third quartiles
experiment
population
interquartile range
tails
14. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable
bar chart
spread
simulation
statistic
15. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population
randomized block
outlier
r2
sample survey
16. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed
factor
principles of experimental design
mode
outliers
17. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value
normal probability plot
placebo effect
skewed
distribution
18. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set
sample survey
voluntary response bias
context
re-express data
19. Displays data that change over time
timeplot
systematic sample
r2
shifting
20. In a retrospective or prospective study Subjects who are similar in ways not under study may be ____ and then compared with each other on the variables of interest
pie chart
matched
sampling variability
parameter
21. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table
convenience sample
marginal distribution
single-blind
bimodal
22. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data
random assignment
subset
shape
sample survey
23. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation
range
standardized value
residuals
cluster sample
24. The experimental units assigned to a baseline treatment level - typically either the default treatment - which is well understood - or a null - placebo treatment
experimental units
normal percentile
intercept
control group
25. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions
normal probability plot
sampling frame
placebo
standardized value
26. The number of individuals in a sample
systematic sample
lurking variable
68-95-99.7 rule
sample size
27. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum
stratified random sample
residuals
multimodal
percentile
28. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____
spread
z-score
bimodal
bias
29. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined
shape
pie chart
direction
retrospective study
30. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random
leverage
normal model
random assignment
retrospective study
31. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels
z-score
experiment
unimodal
marginal distribution
32. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped
unimodal
dotplot
tails
prospective study
33. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0
random
predicted value
frequency table
intercept
34. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these
convenience sample
block
response
strength
35. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values
representative
multimodal
contingency table
random numbers
36. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association
bias
skewed
timeplot
correlation
37. Anything in a survey design that influences response
response bias
residuals
dotplot
re-express data
38. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean
control group
lurking variable
direction
regression to the mean
39. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen
random
multistage sample
randomization
response
40. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded
matching
unimodal
lurking variable
single-blind
41. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable
symmetric
spread
data table
trial
42. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter
cluster sample
response
factor
shifting
43. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model
simulation
stem-and-leaf display
skewed
retrospective study
44. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random
cluster sample
spread
distribution
experiment
45. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population
simple random sample
trial
population parameter
blinding
46. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo
placebo effect
ladder of powers
random numbers
retrospective study
47. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame
pie chart
systematic sample
timeplot
sample size
48. A distribution that's roughly flat
stratified random sample
uniform
conditional distribution
contingency table
49. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one
variance
systematic sample
subset
census
50. Distributions with more than two modes
response bias
stem-and-leaf display
direction
multimodal