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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable






2. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined






3. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0






4. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection






5. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area






6. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value






7. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random






8. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count






9. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two






10. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread






11. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable






12. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set






13. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean






14. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population






15. In a retrospective or prospective study Subjects who are similar in ways not under study may be ____ and then compared with each other on the variables of interest






16. To describe this aspect of a distribution - look for single vs. multiple modes - and symmetry vs. skewness






17. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data






18. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related






19. Extreme values that don't appear to belong with the rest of the data






20. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other






21. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____






22. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association






23. An individual result of a component of a simulation






24. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random






25. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams






26. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






27. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes






28. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context






29. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups






30. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1






31. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one






32. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion






33. The ____ we care about most is straight






34. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it






35. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range






36. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values






37. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment






38. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x






39. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped






40. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions






41. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category






42. Value calculated from data to summarize aspects of the data






43. Displays counts and - sometimes - percentages of individuals falling into named categories on two or more variables; categorizes the individuals on all variables at once - to reveal possible patterns in one variable that may be contingent on the cate






44. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in






45. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions






46. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen






47. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population






48. Individuals on whom an experiment is performed






49. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line






50. An individual about whom or which we have data