Test your basic knowledge |

AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes






2. In a retrospective or prospective study Subjects who are similar in ways not under study may be ____ and then compared with each other on the variables of interest






3. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units






4. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range






5. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






6. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available






7. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






8. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values






9. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two






10. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x






11. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____






12. Numerically valued attribute of a model






13. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population






14. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table






15. Multiplying each data value by a constant multiplies both the measures of position and the measures of spread by that constant






16. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association






17. The experimental units assigned to a baseline treatment level - typically either the default treatment - which is well understood - or a null - placebo treatment






18. Extreme values that don't appear to belong with the rest of the data






19. When an observed difference is too large for us to believe that is is likely to have occurred naturally






20. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____






21. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo






22. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count






23. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category






24. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition






25. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'






26. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion






27. Control - randomize - replicate - block






28. Adding a constant to each data value adds the same constant to the mean - the median - and the quartiles - but does not change the standard deviation or IQR






29. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed






30. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups






31. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments






32. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable






33. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable






34. A variable that names categories (whether with words or numerals)






35. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value






36. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship






37. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small






38. Individuals on whom an experiment is performed






39. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line






40. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed






41. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1






42. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes






43. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment






44. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other






45. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place






46. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded






47. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population






48. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population






49. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set






50. A sample that consists of the entire population