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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median






2. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data






3. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed






4. Displays the 5-number summary as a central box with whiskers that extend to the non-outlying data values






5. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area






6. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes






7. A sample that consists of the entire population






8. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition






9. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable






10. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams






11. This criterion specifies the unique line that minimizes the variance of the residuals or - equivalently - the sum of the squared residuals






12. Individuals on whom an experiment is performed






13. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two






14. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____






15. Displays data that change over time






16. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association






17. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count






18. Control - randomize - replicate - block






19. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo






20. When the levels of one factor are associated with the levels of another factor so their effects cannot be separated






21. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes






22. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






23. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'






24. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped






25. An individual result of a component of a simulation






26. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion






27. A representative subset of a population - examined in hope of learning about the population






28. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it






29. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded






30. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value






31. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available






32. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y






33. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame






34. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value






35. Anything in a survey design that influences response






36. A variable that names categories (whether with words or numerals)






37. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population






38. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short






39. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread






40. Extreme values that don't appear to belong with the rest of the data






41. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category






42. A point that does not fit the overall pattern seen in the scatterplot






43. To describe this aspect of a distribution - look for single vs. multiple modes - and symmetry vs. skewness






44. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population






45. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






46. In a retrospective or prospective study Subjects who are similar in ways not under study may be ____ and then compared with each other on the variables of interest






47. Design Randomization occurring within blocks






48. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____






49. A distribution that's roughly flat






50. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean