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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Numerically valued attribute of a model






2. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____






3. This criterion specifies the unique line that minimizes the variance of the residuals or - equivalently - the sum of the squared residuals






4. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value






5. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value






6. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0






7. Displays the 5-number summary as a central box with whiskers that extend to the non-outlying data values






8. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units






9. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other






10. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






11. To describe this aspect of a distribution - look for single vs. multiple modes - and symmetry vs. skewness






12. When the levels of one factor are associated with the levels of another factor so their effects cannot be separated






13. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed






14. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set






15. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y






16. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these






17. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond






18. Individuals on whom an experiment is performed






19. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below






20. When an observed difference is too large for us to believe that is is likely to have occurred naturally






21. The square root of the variance






22. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition






23. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






24. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context






25. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation






26. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data






27. The number of individuals in a sample






28. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn






29. Displays data that change over time






30. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases






31. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it






32. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean






33. Bias introduced to a sample when individuals can choose on their own whether to participate in the sample






34. The ____ we care about most is straight






35. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship






36. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams






37. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






38. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded






39. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____






40. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short






41. Control - randomize - replicate - block






42. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum






43. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random






44. Although linear models provide an easy way to predict values of y for a given value of x - it is unsafe to predict for values of x far from the ones used to find the linear model equation; predictions should not be trusted






45. Uses adjacent bars to show the distribution of vales in a quantitative variable; each bar represents the frequency (or relative frequency) of values falling in an interval of values






46. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units






47. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded






48. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range






49. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area






50. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn