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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two






2. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small






3. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data






4. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one






5. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population






6. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data






7. Distributions with two modes






8. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship






9. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line






10. A positive ____ or association means that - in general - as one variable increases - so does the other; when increases in one variable generally correspond to decreases in the other - the association is negative






11. Numerically valued attribute of a model






12. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units






13. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ






14. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range






15. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count






16. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable






17. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter






18. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments






19. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units






20. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0






21. The most basic situation in a simulation in which something happens at random






22. Anything in a survey design that influences response






23. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases






24. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one






25. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






26. Displays data that change over time






27. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category






28. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded






29. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion






30. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value






31. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x






32. This criterion specifies the unique line that minimizes the variance of the residuals or - equivalently - the sum of the squared residuals






33. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






34. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded






35. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in






36. Adding a constant to each data value adds the same constant to the mean - the median - and the quartiles - but does not change the standard deviation or IQR






37. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods






38. The number of individuals in a sample






39. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups






40. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population






41. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean






42. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen






43. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes






44. A variable that names categories (whether with words or numerals)






45. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition






46. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean






47. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it






48. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed






49. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association






50. Individuals on whom an experiment is performed