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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The specific values that the experimenter chooses for a factor






2. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data






3. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages

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4. Control - randomize - replicate - block






5. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments






6. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small






7. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed






8. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data






9. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value






10. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality






11. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units






12. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short






13. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum






14. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y






15. The number of individuals in a sample






16. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population






17. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population






18. The experimental units assigned to a baseline treatment level - typically either the default treatment - which is well understood - or a null - placebo treatment






19. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set






20. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____






21. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread






22. Anything in a survey design that influences response






23. To describe this aspect of a distribution - look for single vs. multiple modes - and symmetry vs. skewness






24. Individuals on whom an experiment is performed






25. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean






26. An individual result of a component of a simulation






27. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups






28. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases






29. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count






30. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place






31. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions






32. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association






33. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x






34. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random






35. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions






36. Displays counts and - sometimes - percentages of individuals falling into named categories on two or more variables; categorizes the individuals on all variables at once - to reveal possible patterns in one variable that may be contingent on the cate






37. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo






38. The square root of the variance






39. Design Randomization occurring within blocks






40. Multiplying each data value by a constant multiplies both the measures of position and the measures of spread by that constant






41. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1






42. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median






43. Uses adjacent bars to show the distribution of vales in a quantitative variable; each bar represents the frequency (or relative frequency) of values falling in an interval of values






44. Distributions with two modes






45. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other






46. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






47. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available






48. This criterion specifies the unique line that minimizes the variance of the residuals or - equivalently - the sum of the squared residuals






49. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data






50. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units






Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?



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