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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Adding a constant to each data value adds the same constant to the mean - the median - and the quartiles - but does not change the standard deviation or IQR






2. The difference between the first and third quartiles






3. A positive ____ or association means that - in general - as one variable increases - so does the other; when increases in one variable generally correspond to decreases in the other - the association is negative






4. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association






5. The square root of the variance






6. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population






7. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters






8. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small






9. The ____ we care about most is straight






10. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






11. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area






12. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place






13. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other






14. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table






15. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short






16. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation






17. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped






18. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods






19. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random






20. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it






21. Displays the 5-number summary as a central box with whiskers that extend to the non-outlying data values






22. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean






23. The number of individuals in a sample






24. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum






25. A variable that names categories (whether with words or numerals)






26. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






27. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context






28. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages

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29. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set






30. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____






31. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'






32. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values






33. Graphs a dot for each case against a single axis






34. The most basic situation in a simulation in which something happens at random






35. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame






36. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection






37. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ






38. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread






39. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____






40. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship






41. This criterion specifies the unique line that minimizes the variance of the residuals or - equivalently - the sum of the squared residuals






42. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean






43. Anything in a survey design that influences response






44. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed






45. Distributions with more than two modes






46. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count






47. Summarized with the mean or the median






48. A sample that consists of the entire population






49. To describe this aspect of a distribution - look for single vs. multiple modes - and symmetry vs. skewness






50. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it