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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one
variance
placebo
slope
representative
2. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen
scatterplots
dotplot
uniform
random
3. The ____ we care about most is straight
changing center and spread
form
placebo effect
z-score
4. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection
simple random sample
convenience sample
influential point
shifting
5. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters
scatterplots
bias
representative
response bias
6. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population
shifting
ladder of powers
population parameter
data
7. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo
standard deviation
distribution
placebo effect
variable
8. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1
standard normal model
random numbers
data
outlier
9. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values
shifting
direction
random numbers
placebo
10. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn
simulation
sampling frame
model
blinding
11. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below
normal percentile
center
case
convenience sample
12. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data
r2
model
subset
influential point
13. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter
symmetric
regression to the mean
factor
multistage sample
14. Design Randomization occurring within blocks
spread
randomized block
frequency table
bimodal
15. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units
changing center and spread
regression line
bias
median
16. This criterion specifies the unique line that minimizes the variance of the residuals or - equivalently - the sum of the squared residuals
bar chart
scatterplots
leverage
least squares
17. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it
percentile
sampling variability
linear model
median
18. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped
distribution
r2
unimodal
regression line
19. When an observed difference is too large for us to believe that is is likely to have occurred naturally
retrospective study
statistically significant
treatment
marginal distribution
20. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality
symmetric
model
marginal distribution
distribution
21. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one
dotplot
lurking variable
z-score
normal model
22. Displays the 5-number summary as a central box with whiskers that extend to the non-outlying data values
boxplot
retrospective study
ladder of powers
sampling variability
23. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available
statistic
variance
z-score
convenience sample
24. In a retrospective or prospective study Subjects who are similar in ways not under study may be ____ and then compared with each other on the variables of interest
bimodal
matched
direction
bar chart
25. The difference between the first and third quartiles
interquartile range
response bias
principles of experimental design
lurking variable
26. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line
slope
tails
predicted value
statistically significant
27. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'
percentile
multimodal
spread
ladder of powers
28. To describe this aspect of a distribution - look for single vs. multiple modes - and symmetry vs. skewness
skewed
form
sample size
shape
29. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions
normal model
convenience sample
skewed
trial
30. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments
response
subset
independence
scatterplots
31. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context
center
tails
z-score
data
32. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases
variable
68-95-99.7 rule
r2
experiment
33. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place
statistic
trial
census
data table
34. Value calculated from data to summarize aspects of the data
statistic
least squares
contingency table
rescaling
35. Displays data that change over time
r2
distribution
tails
timeplot
36. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these
undercoverage
outlier
form
block
37. A variable that names categories (whether with words or numerals)
sample size
categorical variable
response variable
systematic sample
38. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set
control group
data
range
form
39. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x
r2
model
area principle
matching
40. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short
r2
distribution
tails
least squares
41. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____
bias
data table
influential point
subset
42. Extreme values that don't appear to belong with the rest of the data
randomized block
outliers
confounded
r2
43. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ
factor
standard deviation
sampling variability
distribution
44. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population
matching
bar chart
outcome
frequency table
45. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data
strength
ladder of powers
lurking variable
independence
46. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two
re-express data
sample survey
unimodal
lurking variable
47. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum
distribution
spread
standardized value
stratified random sample
48. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed
center
scatterplots
factor
observational study
49. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed
rescaling
sampling variability
mode
random
50. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams
simulation component
units
experiment
direction