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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data






2. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median






3. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1






4. A point that does not fit the overall pattern seen in the scatterplot






5. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






6. Design Randomization occurring within blocks






7. The specific values that the experimenter chooses for a factor






8. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded






9. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population






10. Uses adjacent bars to show the distribution of vales in a quantitative variable; each bar represents the frequency (or relative frequency) of values falling in an interval of values






11. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units






12. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these






13. The number of individuals in a sample






14. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value






15. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association






16. Summarized with the mean or the median






17. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short






18. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in






19. The most basic situation in a simulation in which something happens at random






20. An individual about whom or which we have data






21. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range






22. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x






23. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions






24. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum






25. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table






26. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other






27. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable






28. To describe this aspect of a distribution - look for single vs. multiple modes - and symmetry vs. skewness






29. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship






30. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data






31. Numerically valued attribute of a model






32. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond






33. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set






34. Control - randomize - replicate - block






35. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population






36. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen






37. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion






38. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation






39. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean






40. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments






41. Distributions with more than two modes






42. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed






43. Displays counts and - sometimes - percentages of individuals falling into named categories on two or more variables; categorizes the individuals on all variables at once - to reveal possible patterns in one variable that may be contingent on the cate






44. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn






45. This criterion specifies the unique line that minimizes the variance of the residuals or - equivalently - the sum of the squared residuals






46. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped






47. When the levels of one factor are associated with the levels of another factor so their effects cannot be separated






48. Although linear models provide an easy way to predict values of y for a given value of x - it is unsafe to predict for values of x far from the ones used to find the linear model equation; predictions should not be trusted






49. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded






50. Bias introduced to a sample when individuals can choose on their own whether to participate in the sample