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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed
rescaling
context
control group
sample survey
2. To describe this aspect of a distribution - look for single vs. multiple modes - and symmetry vs. skewness
trial
confounded
shape
skewed
3. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean
experiment
symmetric
outlier
68-95-99.7 rule
4. Numerically valued attribute of a model
unimodal
frequency table
parameter
standard deviation
5. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases
distribution
scatterplots
68-95-99.7 rule
randomization
6. Design Randomization occurring within blocks
distribution
parameter
lurking variable
randomized block
7. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data
ladder of powers
5-number summary
spread
boxplot
8. Bias introduced to a sample when individuals can choose on their own whether to participate in the sample
single-blind
factor
voluntary response bias
mean
9. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population
bimodal
re-express data
ladder of powers
matching
10. Anything in a survey design that influences response
symmetric
retrospective study
variable
response bias
11. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units
skewed
representative
data table
treatment
12. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place
multistage sample
principles of experimental design
trial
randomization
13. A representative subset of a population - examined in hope of learning about the population
sample
timeplot
treatment
factor
14. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it
data table
systematic sample
quartile
principles of experimental design
15. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y
parameter
sample survey
response bias
slope
16. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn
observational study
matching
response variable
sampling frame
17. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable
distribution
bar chart
outliers
area principle
18. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups
data
blinding
outlier
random
19. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below
normal percentile
random numbers
nonresponse bias
simulation
20. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes
quartile
tails
influential point
standardizing
21. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one
units
variance
level
nonresponse bias
22. The best defense against bias - in which each individual is given a fair - random chance of selection
representative
randomization
shape
shifting
23. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value
re-express data
distribution
extrapolation
context
24. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage
outlier
median
percentile
simpson's paradox
25. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond
convenience sample
cluster sample
data table
nonresponse bias
26. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category
trial
parameter
frequency table
bar chart
27. An individual result of a component of a simulation
block
outcome
prospective study
regression to the mean
28. When the levels of one factor are associated with the levels of another factor so their effects cannot be separated
confounded
form
range
direction
29. Individuals on whom an experiment is performed
variable
blinding
experimental units
independence
30. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available
outlier
5-number summary
conditional distribution
convenience sample
31. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages
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32. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded
randomization
blinding
single-blind
least squares
33. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____
bias
systematic sample
sampling variability
mean
34. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values
stem-and-leaf display
systematic sample
changing center and spread
random numbers
35. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value
scatterplots
units
center
matching
36. Graphs a dot for each case against a single axis
dotplot
lurking variable
area principle
matching
37. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random
random assignment
double-blind
sample
simple random sample
38. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value
distribution
outliers
placebo effect
matched
39. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table
marginal distribution
systematic sample
response
normal percentile
40. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum
randomization
stratified random sample
center
trial
41. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related
lurking variable
regression to the mean
mean
sampling frame
42. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it
statistic
random
median
regression to the mean
43. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context
random numbers
data
voluntary response bias
control group
44. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data
boxplot
percentile
population
data table
45. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'
sample survey
regression line
influential point
spread
46. Extreme values that don't appear to belong with the rest of the data
outliers
level
histogram
comparing distributions
47. Distributions with two modes
bimodal
outliers
census
blinding
48. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set
range
experiment
boxplot
lurking variable
49. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection
form
simple random sample
range
quantitative variable
50. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area
leverage
area principle
observational study
interquartile range