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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
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Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other
standard deviation
regression line
spread
symmetric
2. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn
response variable
population
boxplot
outliers
3. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table
correlation
marginal distribution
residuals
interquartile range
4. Multiplying each data value by a constant multiplies both the measures of position and the measures of spread by that constant
rescaling
distribution
unimodal
normal probability plot
5. Numerically valued attribute of a model
normal probability plot
residuals
parameter
systematic sample
6. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded
single-blind
standardized value
response variable
outlier
7. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units
simulation component
multistage sample
treatment
68-95-99.7 rule
8. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range
spread
randomization
response
population
9. Value calculated from data to summarize aspects of the data
statistic
categorical variable
shifting
placebo effect
10. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable
categorical variable
extrapolation
bar chart
level
11. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value
nonresponse bias
residuals
regression to the mean
intercept
12. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments
response
undercoverage
quantitative variable
nonresponse bias
13. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median
residuals
quantitative variable
5-number summary
distribution
14. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value
sample
distribution
parameter
model
15. When the levels of one factor are associated with the levels of another factor so their effects cannot be separated
matched
confounded
bias
principles of experimental design
16. A positive ____ or association means that - in general - as one variable increases - so does the other; when increases in one variable generally correspond to decreases in the other - the association is negative
population
interquartile range
direction
double-blind
17. The ____ we care about most is straight
cluster sample
experimental units
interquartile range
form
18. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population
lurking variable
multimodal
correlation
population parameter
19. The experimental units assigned to a baseline treatment level - typically either the default treatment - which is well understood - or a null - placebo treatment
case
multimodal
control group
randomized block
20. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter
data
factor
standard deviation
subset
21. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame
normal percentile
r2
systematic sample
trial
22. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random
response
random numbers
cluster sample
matching
23. Adding a constant to each data value adds the same constant to the mean - the median - and the quartiles - but does not change the standard deviation or IQR
parameter
shifting
standardizing
normal probability plot
24. A distribution that's roughly flat
case
shape
uniform
comparing distributions
25. Control - randomize - replicate - block
z-score
categorical variable
principles of experimental design
multimodal
26. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped
center
slope
lurking variable
unimodal
27. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data
outcome
symmetric
pie chart
percentile
28. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable
data table
statistically significant
confounded
uniform
29. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set
re-express data
tails
single-blind
block
30. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one
representative
z-score
outlier
subset
31. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population
normal percentile
mean
matching
simulation component
32. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context
boxplot
data
voluntary response bias
mode
33. An individual about whom or which we have data
cluster sample
lurking variable
normal percentile
case
34. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it
matching
median
data
stratified random sample
35. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship
strength
model
principles of experimental design
outlier
36. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area
quartile
principles of experimental design
random assignment
area principle
37. The best defense against bias - in which each individual is given a fair - random chance of selection
z-score
randomization
correlation
principles of experimental design
38. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters
census
representative
residuals
random numbers
39. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation
median
block
standardized value
single-blind
40. The number of individuals in a sample
context
experiment
form
sample size
41. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond
sample survey
outcome
prospective study
nonresponse bias
42. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units
variable
unimodal
changing center and spread
standard normal model
43. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available
convenience sample
statistic
experimental units
center
44. The specific values that the experimenter chooses for a factor
random numbers
level
factor
spread
45. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in
placebo effect
spread
double-blind
response variable
46. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model
standardizing
outlier
categorical variable
simulation
47. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____
subset
stratified random sample
sampling frame
bias
48. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions
normal model
sample size
subset
dotplot
49. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one
variance
data
median
cluster sample
50. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category
regression to the mean
bar chart
random numbers
frequency table
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