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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed
changing center and spread
observational study
mode
re-express data
2. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data
area principle
bar chart
rescaling
subset
3. When an observed difference is too large for us to believe that is is likely to have occurred naturally
z-score
statistically significant
bimodal
convenience sample
4. A variable that names categories (whether with words or numerals)
categorical variable
residuals
68-95-99.7 rule
randomized block
5. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels
tails
experiment
experimental units
sampling frame
6. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn
population
single-blind
undercoverage
stem-and-leaf display
7. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available
simple random sample
convenience sample
trial
outlier
8. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____
systematic sample
outcome
linear model
influential point
9. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped
conditional distribution
simpson's paradox
representative
unimodal
10. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters
distribution
simulation
residuals
representative
11. The number of individuals in a sample
simulation
sample size
random assignment
randomized block
12. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship
experimental units
treatment
standard normal model
strength
13. Summarized with the mean or the median
correlation
center
simpson's paradox
regression to the mean
14. Adding a constant to each data value adds the same constant to the mean - the median - and the quartiles - but does not change the standard deviation or IQR
placebo effect
residuals
shifting
stem-and-leaf display
15. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units
outlier
outcome
quantitative variable
placebo
16. Displays data that change over time
experiment
percentile
standard deviation
timeplot
17. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded
stratified random sample
outlier
double-blind
bar chart
18. Design Randomization occurring within blocks
pie chart
treatment
matched
randomized block
19. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it
range
median
systematic sample
mean
20. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions
normal model
population
census
data
21. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection
range
simulation
simple random sample
prospective study
22. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two
center
lurking variable
correlation
predicted value
23. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set
normal percentile
mode
observational study
range
24. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these
block
simpson's paradox
extrapolation
treatment
25. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions
placebo
trial
simulation
standard deviation
26. Extreme values that don't appear to belong with the rest of the data
skewed
data
standardized value
outliers
27. The square root of the variance
standard deviation
systematic sample
blinding
median
28. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes
strength
factor
influential point
prospective study
29. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count
double-blind
outcome
mean
standard normal model
30. This criterion specifies the unique line that minimizes the variance of the residuals or - equivalently - the sum of the squared residuals
least squares
range
marginal distribution
direction
31. A point that does not fit the overall pattern seen in the scatterplot
outlier
68-95-99.7 rule
re-express data
normal percentile
32. The difference between the first and third quartiles
interquartile range
symmetric
parameter
sample size
33. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments
slope
residuals
standard normal model
response
34. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set
simpson's paradox
re-express data
predicted value
center
35. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable
data table
spread
marginal distribution
sampling variability
36. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model
simulation
median
center
z-score
37. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below
units
randomized block
normal percentile
outcome
38. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in
voluntary response bias
response variable
stem-and-leaf display
representative
39. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined
center
direction
random assignment
retrospective study
40. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population
5-number summary
sample survey
normal probability plot
regression to the mean
41. Anything in a survey design that influences response
pie chart
percentile
treatment
response bias
42. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame
systematic sample
categorical variable
randomization
level
43. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups
bimodal
multistage sample
blinding
retrospective study
44. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association
ladder of powers
normal model
correlation
random assignment
45. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range
quartile
trial
spread
units
46. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other
outlier
interquartile range
undercoverage
independence
47. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo
percentile
standard deviation
placebo effect
stratified random sample
48. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals
random numbers
population parameter
conditional distribution
mean
49. Displays the 5-number summary as a central box with whiskers that extend to the non-outlying data values
response
voluntary response bias
boxplot
statistically significant
50. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ
sampling variability
residuals
double-blind
retrospective study