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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






2. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in






3. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table






4. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set






5. Although linear models provide an easy way to predict values of y for a given value of x - it is unsafe to predict for values of x far from the ones used to find the linear model equation; predictions should not be trusted






6. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association






7. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area






8. Distributions with two modes






9. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population






10. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category






11. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn






12. The most basic situation in a simulation in which something happens at random






13. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units






14. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category






15. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related






16. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






17. Adding a constant to each data value adds the same constant to the mean - the median - and the quartiles - but does not change the standard deviation or IQR






18. Summarized with the mean or the median






19. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x






20. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data






21. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion






22. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






23. Control - randomize - replicate - block






24. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn






25. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median






26. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen






27. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data






28. Bias introduced to a sample when individuals can choose on their own whether to participate in the sample






29. The difference between the first and third quartiles






30. A sample that consists of the entire population






31. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






32. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions






33. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable






34. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages

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35. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count






36. Design Randomization occurring within blocks






37. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams






38. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped






39. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection






40. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small






41. The square root of the variance






42. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set






43. Value calculated from data to summarize aspects of the data






44. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values






45. Anything in a survey design that influences response






46. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable






47. An individual result of a component of a simulation






48. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____






49. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions






50. Displays data that change over time