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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area






2. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed






3. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn






4. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed






5. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line






6. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context






7. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x






8. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection






9. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association






10. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other






11. Numerically valued attribute of a model






12. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






13. A variable that names categories (whether with words or numerals)






14. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0






15. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes






16. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread






17. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place






18. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped






19. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these






20. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random






21. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____






22. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small






23. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population






24. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes






25. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






26. Distributions with more than two modes






27. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable






28. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






29. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units






30. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units






31. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed






32. The ____ we care about most is straight






33. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category






34. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value






35. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x






36. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population






37. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____






38. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population






39. Summarized with the mean or the median






40. Although linear models provide an easy way to predict values of y for a given value of x - it is unsafe to predict for values of x far from the ones used to find the linear model equation; predictions should not be trusted






41. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups






42. A distribution that's roughly flat






43. This criterion specifies the unique line that minimizes the variance of the residuals or - equivalently - the sum of the squared residuals






44. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions






45. The specific values that the experimenter chooses for a factor






46. Multiplying each data value by a constant multiplies both the measures of position and the measures of spread by that constant






47. The number of individuals in a sample






48. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels






49. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two






50. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment