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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area
undercoverage
double-blind
quantitative variable
area principle
2. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed
mean
convenience sample
context
dotplot
3. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn
trial
systematic sample
contingency table
sampling frame
4. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed
normal probability plot
observational study
sample size
form
5. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line
simulation
single-blind
parameter
predicted value
6. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context
data
cluster sample
spread
experimental units
7. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x
bar chart
representative
linear model
correlation
8. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection
intercept
observational study
simple random sample
standard deviation
9. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association
symmetric
normal percentile
sampling frame
correlation
10. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other
skewed
mean
outliers
symmetric
11. Numerically valued attribute of a model
strength
response bias
statistic
parameter
12. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals
conditional distribution
intercept
population
case
13. A variable that names categories (whether with words or numerals)
randomization
timeplot
categorical variable
simpson's paradox
14. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0
intercept
mean
simpson's paradox
bimodal
15. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes
standardized value
voluntary response bias
standardizing
matching
16. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread
center
comparing distributions
stem-and-leaf display
placebo effect
17. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place
strength
trial
regression line
response bias
18. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped
boxplot
bimodal
normal percentile
unimodal
19. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these
distribution
block
range
mode
20. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random
area principle
random assignment
multistage sample
normal probability plot
21. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____
bar chart
bias
z-score
quantitative variable
22. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small
spread
lurking variable
leverage
extrapolation
23. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population
center
contingency table
distribution
sample survey
24. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes
observational study
nonresponse bias
prospective study
representative
25. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data
retrospective study
units
median
stem-and-leaf display
26. Distributions with more than two modes
categorical variable
multimodal
sample
outliers
27. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable
data table
timeplot
random assignment
scatterplots
28. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage
randomization
outlier
re-express data
boxplot
29. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units
quantitative variable
68-95-99.7 rule
data
bias
30. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units
changing center and spread
case
distribution
linear model
31. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed
undercoverage
bar chart
blinding
mode
32. The ____ we care about most is straight
form
contingency table
5-number summary
block
33. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category
sampling variability
pie chart
random numbers
response bias
34. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value
outlier
slope
distribution
random assignment
35. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x
variable
standardizing
r2
bias
36. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population
response bias
population parameter
direction
spread
37. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____
68-95-99.7 rule
influential point
units
range
38. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population
factor
mean
matching
skewed
39. Summarized with the mean or the median
standardizing
center
regression to the mean
treatment
40. Although linear models provide an easy way to predict values of y for a given value of x - it is unsafe to predict for values of x far from the ones used to find the linear model equation; predictions should not be trusted
lurking variable
outlier
principles of experimental design
extrapolation
41. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups
outliers
marginal distribution
blinding
direction
42. A distribution that's roughly flat
uniform
matched
standardized value
tails
43. This criterion specifies the unique line that minimizes the variance of the residuals or - equivalently - the sum of the squared residuals
outliers
least squares
correlation
randomization
44. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions
normal model
sample
random assignment
leverage
45. The specific values that the experimenter chooses for a factor
level
matched
marginal distribution
population
46. Multiplying each data value by a constant multiplies both the measures of position and the measures of spread by that constant
rescaling
categorical variable
regression to the mean
changing center and spread
47. The number of individuals in a sample
sample size
matched
independence
strength
48. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels
experiment
distribution
multistage sample
sampling frame
49. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two
sample survey
sampling frame
lurking variable
r2
50. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment
completely randomized design
sample size
scatterplots
randomized block