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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When the levels of one factor are associated with the levels of another factor so their effects cannot be separated






2. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it






3. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____






4. Although linear models provide an easy way to predict values of y for a given value of x - it is unsafe to predict for values of x far from the ones used to find the linear model equation; predictions should not be trusted






5. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available






6. Extreme values that don't appear to belong with the rest of the data






7. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean






8. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases






9. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population






10. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association






11. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen






12. The experimental units assigned to a baseline treatment level - typically either the default treatment - which is well understood - or a null - placebo treatment






13. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments






14. A distribution that's roughly flat






15. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions






16. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units






17. Displays the 5-number summary as a central box with whiskers that extend to the non-outlying data values






18. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count






19. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






20. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one






21. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






22. The difference between the first and third quartiles






23. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread






24. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn






25. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed






26. Control - randomize - replicate - block






27. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped






28. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units






29. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality






30. In a retrospective or prospective study Subjects who are similar in ways not under study may be ____ and then compared with each other on the variables of interest






31. Numerically valued attribute of a model






32. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in






33. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum






34. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions






35. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels






36. An individual result of a component of a simulation






37. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter






38. The most basic situation in a simulation in which something happens at random






39. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded






40. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






41. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category






42. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one






43. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table






44. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population






45. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data






46. Multiplying each data value by a constant multiplies both the measures of position and the measures of spread by that constant






47. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes






48. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship






49. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams






50. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range







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