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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units






2. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes






3. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random






4. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed






5. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread






6. Distributions with two modes






7. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality






8. Summarized with the mean or the median






9. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set






10. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set






11. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






12. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place






13. Design Randomization occurring within blocks






14. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y






15. Graphs a dot for each case against a single axis






16. A representative subset of a population - examined in hope of learning about the population






17. Numerically valued attribute of a model






18. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other






19. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation






20. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






21. A sample that consists of the entire population






22. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped






23. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value






24. The square root of the variance






25. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean






26. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random






27. An individual result of a component of a simulation






28. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages

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29. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined






30. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments






31. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related






32. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed






33. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value






34. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population






35. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition






36. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection






37. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases






38. A positive ____ or association means that - in general - as one variable increases - so does the other; when increases in one variable generally correspond to decreases in the other - the association is negative






39. In a retrospective or prospective study Subjects who are similar in ways not under study may be ____ and then compared with each other on the variables of interest






40. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population






41. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units






42. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median






43. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes






44. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it






45. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship






46. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data






47. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






48. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'






49. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other






50. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value