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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category






2. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it






3. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one






4. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area






5. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category






6. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'






7. Control - randomize - replicate - block






8. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other






9. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context






10. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed






11. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion






12. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random






13. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






14. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






15. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter






16. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable






17. A representative subset of a population - examined in hope of learning about the population






18. The ____ we care about most is straight






19. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ






20. Distributions with more than two modes






21. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






22. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes






23. Summarized with the mean or the median






24. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y






25. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups






26. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short






27. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____






28. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x






29. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two






30. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association






31. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set






32. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1






33. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____






34. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments






35. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value






36. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available






37. When the levels of one factor are associated with the levels of another factor so their effects cannot be separated






38. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






39. In a retrospective or prospective study Subjects who are similar in ways not under study may be ____ and then compared with each other on the variables of interest






40. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes






41. Multiplying each data value by a constant multiplies both the measures of position and the measures of spread by that constant






42. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0






43. An individual about whom or which we have data






44. A variable that names categories (whether with words or numerals)






45. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count






46. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values






47. Uses adjacent bars to show the distribution of vales in a quantitative variable; each bar represents the frequency (or relative frequency) of values falling in an interval of values






48. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units






49. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population






50. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population