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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in






2. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages

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3. The specific values that the experimenter chooses for a factor






4. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum






5. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed






6. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units






7. An individual result of a component of a simulation






8. An individual about whom or which we have data






9. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value






10. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these






11. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table






12. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases






13. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population






14. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion






15. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random






16. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






17. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units






18. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one






19. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo






20. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters






21. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population






22. Adding a constant to each data value adds the same constant to the mean - the median - and the quartiles - but does not change the standard deviation or IQR






23. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition






24. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value






25. Numerically valued attribute of a model






26. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population






27. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x






28. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range






29. The difference between the first and third quartiles






30. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below






31. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection






32. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped






33. Bias introduced to a sample when individuals can choose on their own whether to participate in the sample






34. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams






35. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame






36. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place






37. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1






38. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups






39. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random






40. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category






41. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other






42. Summarized with the mean or the median






43. The number of individuals in a sample






44. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment






45. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels






46. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small






47. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods






48. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






49. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions






50. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y