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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line






2. Summarized with the mean or the median






3. Anything in a survey design that influences response






4. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn






5. A sample that consists of the entire population






6. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available






7. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread






8. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






9. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame






10. This criterion specifies the unique line that minimizes the variance of the residuals or - equivalently - the sum of the squared residuals






11. To describe this aspect of a distribution - look for single vs. multiple modes - and symmetry vs. skewness






12. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population






13. Displays data that change over time






14. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum






15. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter






16. The experimental units assigned to a baseline treatment level - typically either the default treatment - which is well understood - or a null - placebo treatment






17. The difference between the first and third quartiles






18. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes






19. A positive ____ or association means that - in general - as one variable increases - so does the other; when increases in one variable generally correspond to decreases in the other - the association is negative






20. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition






21. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean






22. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units






23. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods






24. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






25. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units






26. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0






27. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages


28. The number of individuals in a sample






29. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond






30. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ






31. Value calculated from data to summarize aspects of the data






32. When an observed difference is too large for us to believe that is is likely to have occurred naturally






33. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one






34. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded






35. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment






36. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship






37. Displays the 5-number summary as a central box with whiskers that extend to the non-outlying data values






38. Although linear models provide an easy way to predict values of y for a given value of x - it is unsafe to predict for values of x far from the ones used to find the linear model equation; predictions should not be trusted






39. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place






40. A point that does not fit the overall pattern seen in the scatterplot






41. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random






42. An individual about whom or which we have data






43. Distributions with more than two modes






44. Distributions with two modes






45. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two






46. Uses adjacent bars to show the distribution of vales in a quantitative variable; each bar represents the frequency (or relative frequency) of values falling in an interval of values






47. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






48. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y






49. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x






50. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion