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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value
spread
distribution
data table
re-express data
2. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other
independence
statistically significant
shape
categorical variable
3. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related
normal model
lurking variable
variable
data
4. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded
range
comparing distributions
double-blind
population parameter
5. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category
variable
bias
parameter
pie chart
6. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases
center
sample survey
scatterplots
bimodal
7. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model
subset
timeplot
standard normal model
simulation
8. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases
linear model
variable
simulation component
placebo effect
9. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data
stem-and-leaf display
randomization
systematic sample
standard deviation
10. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short
tails
nonresponse bias
extrapolation
response variable
11. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category
simpson's paradox
frequency table
voluntary response bias
histogram
12. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread
sampling variability
comparing distributions
direction
shape
13. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed
placebo
strength
mode
multistage sample
14. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one
unimodal
outliers
variance
ladder of powers
15. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion
placebo effect
simulation component
regression line
intercept
16. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other
block
median
percentile
symmetric
17. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn
variable
sampling frame
categorical variable
dotplot
18. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment
sample
completely randomized design
quantitative variable
sample survey
19. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond
nonresponse bias
simpson's paradox
response variable
strength
20. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean
mean
regression to the mean
simpson's paradox
random
21. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one
sample survey
z-score
completely randomized design
multimodal
22. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped
independence
standardizing
nonresponse bias
unimodal
23. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined
retrospective study
matched
statistic
standard deviation
24. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value
re-express data
center
correlation
factor
25. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range
spread
extrapolation
frequency table
center
26. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below
variance
spread
normal percentile
parameter
27. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population
population
influential point
population parameter
68-95-99.7 rule
28. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter
pie chart
matching
population
factor
29. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes
center
matching
simulation component
standardizing
30. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded
multistage sample
single-blind
standardizing
re-express data
31. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship
standard deviation
strength
retrospective study
dotplot
32. Summarized with the mean or the median
dotplot
independence
simulation
center
33. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random
random assignment
intercept
extrapolation
scatterplots
34. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods
multistage sample
residuals
population parameter
sampling frame
35. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments
response
nonresponse bias
histogram
boxplot
36. Although linear models provide an easy way to predict values of y for a given value of x - it is unsafe to predict for values of x far from the ones used to find the linear model equation; predictions should not be trusted
context
range
lurking variable
extrapolation
37. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame
cluster sample
systematic sample
retrospective study
least squares
38. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo
placebo effect
normal probability plot
parameter
spread
39. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place
extrapolation
trial
tails
undercoverage
40. Distributions with more than two modes
multimodal
marginal distribution
pie chart
contingency table
41. A representative subset of a population - examined in hope of learning about the population
sample
area principle
placebo effect
uniform
42. This criterion specifies the unique line that minimizes the variance of the residuals or - equivalently - the sum of the squared residuals
tails
random assignment
normal model
least squares
43. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data
response bias
shape
symmetric
percentile
44. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters
interquartile range
68-95-99.7 rule
treatment
representative
45. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x
data table
unimodal
linear model
random assignment
46. Numerically valued attribute of a model
ladder of powers
sample survey
model
parameter
47. Adding a constant to each data value adds the same constant to the mean - the median - and the quartiles - but does not change the standard deviation or IQR
distribution
extrapolation
representative
shifting
48. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups
simpson's paradox
blinding
nonresponse bias
standard normal model
49. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available
cluster sample
mean
ladder of powers
convenience sample
50. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it
case
distribution
random numbers
median