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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units
systematic sample
factor
changing center and spread
standardizing
2. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes
categorical variable
intercept
sampling variability
prospective study
3. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random
random assignment
predicted value
completely randomized design
convenience sample
4. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed
matched
outlier
observational study
random
5. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread
systematic sample
comparing distributions
bar chart
response bias
6. Distributions with two modes
nonresponse bias
bimodal
outcome
double-blind
7. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality
placebo effect
distribution
quantitative variable
model
8. Summarized with the mean or the median
changing center and spread
data
center
trial
9. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set
range
influential point
variable
changing center and spread
10. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set
slope
multimodal
response variable
re-express data
11. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage
subset
outlier
matching
shape
12. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place
experimental units
sample survey
data table
trial
13. Design Randomization occurring within blocks
undercoverage
area principle
randomized block
completely randomized design
14. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y
spread
slope
standardized value
simple random sample
15. Graphs a dot for each case against a single axis
ladder of powers
dotplot
normal percentile
histogram
16. A representative subset of a population - examined in hope of learning about the population
bimodal
spread
outcome
sample
17. Numerically valued attribute of a model
parameter
sample
center
extrapolation
18. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other
independence
sample
extrapolation
simulation
19. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation
level
center
shape
standardized value
20. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals
conditional distribution
data table
block
standard normal model
21. A sample that consists of the entire population
simulation component
mean
double-blind
census
22. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped
cluster sample
contingency table
unimodal
intercept
23. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value
center
experiment
statistically significant
simpson's paradox
24. The square root of the variance
uniform
bimodal
standard deviation
histogram
25. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean
nonresponse bias
68-95-99.7 rule
histogram
shifting
26. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random
cluster sample
placebo
timeplot
undercoverage
27. An individual result of a component of a simulation
data
outcome
interquartile range
strength
28. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages
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29. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined
retrospective study
blinding
outcome
factor
30. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments
random numbers
response
level
mean
31. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related
contingency table
median
standardized value
lurking variable
32. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed
prospective study
randomization
center
mode
33. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value
standard normal model
independence
undercoverage
residuals
34. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population
experimental units
principles of experimental design
model
matching
35. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition
normal probability plot
outcome
spread
representative
36. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection
bimodal
simple random sample
normal percentile
case
37. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases
multimodal
rescaling
scatterplots
cluster sample
38. A positive ____ or association means that - in general - as one variable increases - so does the other; when increases in one variable generally correspond to decreases in the other - the association is negative
distribution
predicted value
direction
statistically significant
39. In a retrospective or prospective study Subjects who are similar in ways not under study may be ____ and then compared with each other on the variables of interest
matched
sampling frame
standard normal model
normal percentile
40. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population
undercoverage
double-blind
response bias
population
41. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units
comparing distributions
treatment
placebo
lurking variable
42. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median
predicted value
leverage
5-number summary
treatment
43. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes
standardizing
spread
form
mean
44. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it
simulation
single-blind
lurking variable
quartile
45. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship
blinding
strength
outlier
form
46. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data
sample survey
variable
percentile
bias
47. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model
simulation
nonresponse bias
contingency table
symmetric
48. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'
spread
simulation
sample survey
matched
49. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other
simpson's paradox
response
bimodal
skewed
50. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value
units
distribution
cluster sample
tails