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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases






2. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value






3. Summarized with the mean or the median






4. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1






5. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value






6. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ






7. The best defense against bias - in which each individual is given a fair - random chance of selection






8. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0






9. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data






10. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn






11. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value






12. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place






13. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units






14. Numerically valued attribute of a model






15. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion






16. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line






17. The square root of the variance






18. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units






19. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related






20. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams






21. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded






22. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation






23. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association






24. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random






25. Although linear models provide an easy way to predict values of y for a given value of x - it is unsafe to predict for values of x far from the ones used to find the linear model equation; predictions should not be trusted






26. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean






27. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages

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28. Displays data that change over time






29. The specific values that the experimenter chooses for a factor






30. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen






31. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods






32. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment






33. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value






34. Displays the 5-number summary as a central box with whiskers that extend to the non-outlying data values






35. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond






36. In a retrospective or prospective study Subjects who are similar in ways not under study may be ____ and then compared with each other on the variables of interest






37. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






38. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection






39. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable






40. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area






41. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other






42. The number of individuals in a sample






43. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed






44. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population






45. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category






46. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population






47. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other






48. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum






49. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____






50. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____