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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
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Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table
observational study
outlier
marginal distribution
experimental units
2. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population
normal model
predicted value
undercoverage
outlier
3. This criterion specifies the unique line that minimizes the variance of the residuals or - equivalently - the sum of the squared residuals
data table
single-blind
spread
least squares
4. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data
stem-and-leaf display
nonresponse bias
standard normal model
median
5. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units
center
influential point
distribution
treatment
6. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association
correlation
regression line
observational study
variable
7. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count
range
control group
mean
z-score
8. Numerically valued attribute of a model
cluster sample
stratified random sample
parameter
trial
9. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data
outcome
distribution
subset
sampling variability
10. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area
regression line
area principle
lurking variable
statistically significant
11. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place
control group
trial
quartile
sampling frame
12. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams
outlier
frequency table
categorical variable
units
13. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value
distribution
outlier
confounded
simulation component
14. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions
placebo
bimodal
extrapolation
systematic sample
15. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable
case
quartile
interquartile range
bar chart
16. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection
simple random sample
range
sample survey
units
17. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases
interquartile range
treatment
intercept
variable
18. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values
random numbers
normal probability plot
prospective study
direction
19. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed
strength
sample size
convenience sample
mode
20. Displays the 5-number summary as a central box with whiskers that extend to the non-outlying data values
boxplot
center
contingency table
case
21. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions
case
normal model
random
data table
22. Anything in a survey design that influences response
experiment
influential point
response bias
sample survey
23. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter
skewed
factor
pie chart
unimodal
24. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition
subset
normal probability plot
outcome
predicted value
25. Displays counts and - sometimes - percentages of individuals falling into named categories on two or more variables; categorizes the individuals on all variables at once - to reveal possible patterns in one variable that may be contingent on the cate
bimodal
randomized block
contingency table
matched
26. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean
trial
completely randomized design
regression to the mean
double-blind
27. Multiplying each data value by a constant multiplies both the measures of position and the measures of spread by that constant
simulation component
rescaling
simple random sample
block
28. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population
undercoverage
regression line
sample survey
68-95-99.7 rule
29. Adding a constant to each data value adds the same constant to the mean - the median - and the quartiles - but does not change the standard deviation or IQR
dotplot
variance
variable
shifting
30. The number of individuals in a sample
interquartile range
simulation component
sample size
normal percentile
31. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels
experiment
z-score
multistage sample
contingency table
32. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y
re-express data
model
slope
population
33. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it
randomized block
quartile
timeplot
undercoverage
34. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set
normal percentile
range
skewed
tails
35. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined
dotplot
retrospective study
distribution
sampling variability
36. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation
center
mean
census
standardized value
37. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ
sampling variability
quartile
context
variable
38. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion
double-blind
regression line
response
least squares
39. The best defense against bias - in which each individual is given a fair - random chance of selection
normal model
shifting
randomization
systematic sample
40. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other
symmetric
response
response bias
center
41. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment
sample
shifting
variable
completely randomized design
42. Summarized with the mean or the median
placebo effect
convenience sample
comparing distributions
center
43. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship
outlier
population
standardized value
strength
44. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category
pie chart
slope
comparing distributions
correlation
45. A sample that consists of the entire population
census
68-95-99.7 rule
data table
residuals
46. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1
simulation
leverage
outliers
standard normal model
47. Distributions with two modes
case
bimodal
response bias
variance
48. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage
center
68-95-99.7 rule
outlier
sample survey
49. Individuals on whom an experiment is performed
dotplot
experimental units
simulation component
prospective study
50. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units
undercoverage
quantitative variable
standard deviation
response variable
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