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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association






2. Control - randomize - replicate - block






3. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






4. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality






5. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available






6. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other






7. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable






8. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition






9. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in






10. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded






11. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below






12. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units






13. This criterion specifies the unique line that minimizes the variance of the residuals or - equivalently - the sum of the squared residuals






14. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population






15. Design Randomization occurring within blocks






16. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean






17. The specific values that the experimenter chooses for a factor






18. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data






19. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels






20. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population






21. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups






22. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1






23. The ____ we care about most is straight






24. In a retrospective or prospective study Subjects who are similar in ways not under study may be ____ and then compared with each other on the variables of interest






25. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes






26. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value






27. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set






28. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean






29. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0






30. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter






31. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases






32. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these






33. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units






34. Distributions with two modes






35. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes






36. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments






37. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions






38. A distribution that's roughly flat






39. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped






40. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






41. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






42. Multiplying each data value by a constant multiplies both the measures of position and the measures of spread by that constant






43. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn






44. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population






45. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame






46. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions






47. The experimental units assigned to a baseline treatment level - typically either the default treatment - which is well understood - or a null - placebo treatment






48. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small






49. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area






50. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined







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