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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






2. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it






3. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ






4. The most basic situation in a simulation in which something happens at random






5. Displays counts and - sometimes - percentages of individuals falling into named categories on two or more variables; categorizes the individuals on all variables at once - to reveal possible patterns in one variable that may be contingent on the cate






6. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value






7. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen






8. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one






9. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value






10. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____






11. When the levels of one factor are associated with the levels of another factor so their effects cannot be separated






12. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category






13. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean






14. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation






15. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond






16. In a retrospective or prospective study Subjects who are similar in ways not under study may be ____ and then compared with each other on the variables of interest






17. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below






18. The square root of the variance






19. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____






20. Summarized with the mean or the median






21. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum






22. The best defense against bias - in which each individual is given a fair - random chance of selection






23. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other






24. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded






25. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data






26. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases






27. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1






28. To describe this aspect of a distribution - look for single vs. multiple modes - and symmetry vs. skewness






29. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped






30. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed






31. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units






32. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups






33. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place






34. Numerically valued attribute of a model






35. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value






36. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






37. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded






38. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable






39. Distributions with more than two modes






40. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters






41. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'






42. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment






43. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range






44. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0






45. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn






46. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship






47. Anything in a survey design that influences response






48. When an observed difference is too large for us to believe that is is likely to have occurred naturally






49. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related






50. A distribution that's roughly flat