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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
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Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed
population parameter
regression line
observational study
shape
2. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases
mean
z-score
placebo
scatterplots
3. The square root of the variance
spread
standard deviation
uniform
sampling frame
4. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x
linear model
regression to the mean
response
randomized block
5. Uses adjacent bars to show the distribution of vales in a quantitative variable; each bar represents the frequency (or relative frequency) of values falling in an interval of values
histogram
convenience sample
marginal distribution
ladder of powers
6. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population
units
block
predicted value
sample survey
7. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model
simulation
sample survey
simple random sample
case
8. Distributions with two modes
bimodal
z-score
linear model
statistically significant
9. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value
confounded
principles of experimental design
subset
center
10. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other
strength
shape
independence
control group
11. A point that does not fit the overall pattern seen in the scatterplot
statistic
bimodal
outlier
influential point
12. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped
stem-and-leaf display
independence
unimodal
quartile
13. This criterion specifies the unique line that minimizes the variance of the residuals or - equivalently - the sum of the squared residuals
statistic
response bias
least squares
outlier
14. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread
context
comparing distributions
unimodal
stem-and-leaf display
15. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed
tails
simple random sample
mode
normal model
16. Distributions with more than two modes
multimodal
outlier
shape
random numbers
17. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y
slope
independence
extrapolation
quantitative variable
18. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units
data table
changing center and spread
nonresponse bias
center
19. An individual about whom or which we have data
case
boxplot
response bias
center
20. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages
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21. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other
data
context
subset
symmetric
22. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population
residuals
parameter
undercoverage
subset
23. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn
sampling frame
influential point
population
observational study
24. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes
regression to the mean
model
trial
standardizing
25. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition
normal probability plot
lurking variable
median
systematic sample
26. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments
context
response
multistage sample
trial
27. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ
outcome
stem-and-leaf display
variable
sampling variability
28. Summarized with the mean or the median
parameter
census
center
random assignment
29. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods
multistage sample
completely randomized design
normal model
least squares
30. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place
percentile
skewed
simulation
trial
31. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage
response
outlier
outcome
matching
32. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context
data
outliers
response bias
standardizing
33. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data
tails
case
subset
pie chart
34. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line
predicted value
mode
slope
population parameter
35. Displays data that change over time
timeplot
regression to the mean
matching
voluntary response bias
36. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it
median
response variable
context
matched
37. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category
area principle
undercoverage
direction
pie chart
38. A variable that names categories (whether with words or numerals)
5-number summary
categorical variable
stem-and-leaf display
trial
39. Numerically valued attribute of a model
frequency table
lurking variable
normal model
parameter
40. A distribution that's roughly flat
spread
unimodal
interquartile range
uniform
41. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set
random assignment
z-score
level
range
42. Extreme values that don't appear to belong with the rest of the data
data table
simpson's paradox
outliers
percentile
43. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count
treatment
slope
variance
mean
44. When an observed difference is too large for us to believe that is is likely to have occurred naturally
placebo
statistically significant
sampling frame
principles of experimental design
45. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small
leverage
center
completely randomized design
variable
46. The most basic situation in a simulation in which something happens at random
marginal distribution
regression to the mean
multimodal
simulation component
47. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population
simple random sample
population parameter
symmetric
regression line
48. The difference between the first and third quartiles
interquartile range
voluntary response bias
residuals
population parameter
49. Graphs a dot for each case against a single axis
bar chart
spread
strength
dotplot
50. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data
boxplot
response variable
ladder of powers
randomization
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