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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Although linear models provide an easy way to predict values of y for a given value of x - it is unsafe to predict for values of x far from the ones used to find the linear model equation; predictions should not be trusted
population
response variable
dotplot
extrapolation
2. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value
retrospective study
experiment
distribution
matching
3. The difference between the first and third quartiles
rescaling
regression to the mean
interquartile range
normal percentile
4. Individuals on whom an experiment is performed
outlier
experimental units
extrapolation
random
5. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage
outlier
percentile
least squares
frequency table
6. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality
context
tails
randomized block
model
7. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value
units
trial
area principle
center
8. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range
context
systematic sample
spread
simple random sample
9. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes
bar chart
extrapolation
confounded
standardizing
10. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random
observational study
random numbers
random assignment
response bias
11. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data
systematic sample
multimodal
population
stem-and-leaf display
12. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods
multistage sample
normal model
single-blind
slope
13. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population
sampling variability
lurking variable
sample survey
treatment
14. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____
re-express data
slope
influential point
randomization
15. Design Randomization occurring within blocks
placebo effect
randomized block
r2
units
16. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions
correlation
median
outlier
placebo
17. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category
pie chart
convenience sample
contingency table
spread
18. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other
histogram
outlier
symmetric
population parameter
19. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x
retrospective study
r2
bimodal
model
20. Extreme values that don't appear to belong with the rest of the data
outliers
re-express data
case
extrapolation
21. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it
double-blind
principles of experimental design
quartile
blinding
22. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population
percentile
simulation
r2
population parameter
23. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments
5-number summary
response
standardized value
matching
24. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short
median
tails
voluntary response bias
distribution
25. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two
block
lurking variable
median
quartile
26. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set
randomized block
re-express data
response bias
sampling variability
27. A distribution that's roughly flat
units
outlier
uniform
center
28. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random
double-blind
cluster sample
shifting
histogram
29. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small
tails
variance
matched
leverage
30. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y
histogram
r2
skewed
slope
31. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions
case
context
outliers
normal model
32. A representative subset of a population - examined in hope of learning about the population
sample
variance
principles of experimental design
bimodal
33. Multiplying each data value by a constant multiplies both the measures of position and the measures of spread by that constant
rescaling
sample
residuals
blinding
34. The square root of the variance
correlation
random numbers
standard deviation
variable
35. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below
frequency table
retrospective study
normal percentile
data table
36. The number of individuals in a sample
sample size
standard deviation
slope
rescaling
37. Displays data that change over time
sample size
timeplot
systematic sample
case
38. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen
timeplot
matched
random
center
39. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams
area principle
units
simulation component
mean
40. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data
pie chart
subset
random assignment
data table
41. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded
mode
intercept
retrospective study
single-blind
42. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values
matched
dotplot
random numbers
nonresponse bias
43. Distributions with more than two modes
influential point
marginal distribution
multimodal
sampling frame
44. A point that does not fit the overall pattern seen in the scatterplot
sample
random numbers
contingency table
outlier
45. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context
cluster sample
data
response bias
treatment
46. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum
parameter
rescaling
regression to the mean
stratified random sample
47. The best defense against bias - in which each individual is given a fair - random chance of selection
randomization
census
correlation
ladder of powers
48. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups
re-express data
histogram
voluntary response bias
blinding
49. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data
ladder of powers
residuals
voluntary response bias
percentile
50. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed
standardized value
context
predicted value
residuals