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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition






2. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value






3. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other






4. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments






5. An individual result of a component of a simulation






6. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population






7. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one






8. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short






9. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other






10. When the levels of one factor are associated with the levels of another factor so their effects cannot be separated






11. The ____ we care about most is straight






12. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category






13. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in






14. The specific values that the experimenter chooses for a factor






15. Numerically valued attribute of a model






16. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line






17. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean






18. A point that does not fit the overall pattern seen in the scatterplot






19. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ






20. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum






21. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these






22. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two






23. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'






24. Displays counts and - sometimes - percentages of individuals falling into named categories on two or more variables; categorizes the individuals on all variables at once - to reveal possible patterns in one variable that may be contingent on the cate






25. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range






26. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn






27. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place






28. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion






29. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined






30. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed






31. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped






32. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed






33. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






34. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded






35. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available






36. To describe this aspect of a distribution - look for single vs. multiple modes - and symmetry vs. skewness






37. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen






38. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods






39. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value






40. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____






41. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data






42. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo






43. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels






44. A positive ____ or association means that - in general - as one variable increases - so does the other; when increases in one variable generally correspond to decreases in the other - the association is negative






45. Adding a constant to each data value adds the same constant to the mean - the median - and the quartiles - but does not change the standard deviation or IQR






46. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random






47. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category






48. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions






49. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units






50. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes