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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum






2. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen






3. The ____ we care about most is straight






4. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area






5. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population






6. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed






7. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one






8. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation






9. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count






10. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it






11. Adding a constant to each data value adds the same constant to the mean - the median - and the quartiles - but does not change the standard deviation or IQR






12. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association






13. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped






14. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two






15. The square root of the variance






16. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean






17. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in






18. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other






19. Summarized with the mean or the median






20. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups






21. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn






22. Bias introduced to a sample when individuals can choose on their own whether to participate in the sample






23. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data






24. Distributions with more than two modes






25. Displays data that change over time






26. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____






27. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection






28. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters






29. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units






30. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short






31. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ






32. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions






33. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition






34. A sample that consists of the entire population






35. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread






36. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases






37. A representative subset of a population - examined in hope of learning about the population






38. Distributions with two modes






39. Graphs a dot for each case against a single axis






40. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below






41. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category






42. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units






43. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y






44. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






45. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo






46. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn






47. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context






48. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame






49. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'






50. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value