SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable
shape
data table
pie chart
simpson's paradox
2. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below
normal percentile
extrapolation
lurking variable
population
3. A variable that names categories (whether with words or numerals)
response
form
data table
categorical variable
4. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality
direction
response
model
timeplot
5. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition
single-blind
confounded
experiment
normal probability plot
6. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data
intercept
principles of experimental design
stem-and-leaf display
conditional distribution
7. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____
bias
comparing distributions
outlier
confounded
8. Design Randomization occurring within blocks
randomized block
5-number summary
independence
strength
9. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x
r2
dotplot
marginal distribution
outlier
10. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond
bias
nonresponse bias
cluster sample
sampling variability
11. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it
quartile
sampling variability
mean
randomization
12. Distributions with two modes
bimodal
confounded
variance
residuals
13. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed
context
nonresponse bias
outliers
placebo
14. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter
factor
standardizing
outcome
standardized value
15. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model
mode
percentile
simulation
center
16. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn
population
retrospective study
unimodal
placebo effect
17. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random
spread
undercoverage
random assignment
sample size
18. An individual result of a component of a simulation
outlier
extrapolation
symmetric
outcome
19. To describe this aspect of a distribution - look for single vs. multiple modes - and symmetry vs. skewness
undercoverage
shape
nonresponse bias
form
20. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed
lurking variable
mode
single-blind
spread
21. The difference between the first and third quartiles
nonresponse bias
marginal distribution
interquartile range
simpson's paradox
22. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it
prospective study
median
simulation
placebo
23. Although linear models provide an easy way to predict values of y for a given value of x - it is unsafe to predict for values of x far from the ones used to find the linear model equation; predictions should not be trusted
z-score
extrapolation
sampling variability
response bias
24. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments
lurking variable
ladder of powers
scatterplots
response
25. The experimental units assigned to a baseline treatment level - typically either the default treatment - which is well understood - or a null - placebo treatment
control group
symmetric
completely randomized design
outcome
26. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals
dotplot
sampling variability
conditional distribution
pie chart
27. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes
representative
area principle
standardizing
voluntary response bias
28. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association
linear model
mode
correlation
principles of experimental design
29. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population
bimodal
population parameter
scatterplots
shape
30. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases
nonresponse bias
population parameter
systematic sample
variable
31. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line
retrospective study
standard normal model
simulation
predicted value
32. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups
systematic sample
blinding
case
ladder of powers
33. Adding a constant to each data value adds the same constant to the mean - the median - and the quartiles - but does not change the standard deviation or IQR
multimodal
shifting
area principle
random
34. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions
shape
placebo
quartile
response variable
35. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units
changing center and spread
area principle
outcome
systematic sample
36. A point that does not fit the overall pattern seen in the scatterplot
frequency table
strength
outlier
context
37. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range
block
units
spread
response
38. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
39. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value
shape
center
bimodal
uniform
40. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population
matching
center
stratified random sample
representative
41. The best defense against bias - in which each individual is given a fair - random chance of selection
boxplot
placebo effect
lurking variable
randomization
42. The square root of the variance
matching
matched
standard deviation
data table
43. Distributions with more than two modes
multimodal
model
double-blind
regression to the mean
44. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random
simpson's paradox
standardizing
cluster sample
quartile
45. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units
treatment
observational study
strength
uniform
46. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean
block
outlier
regression to the mean
regression line
47. Bias introduced to a sample when individuals can choose on their own whether to participate in the sample
spread
voluntary response bias
standard deviation
simpson's paradox
48. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set
sample size
bimodal
re-express data
experiment
49. A distribution that's roughly flat
symmetric
uniform
simple random sample
outlier
50. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one
distribution
z-score
sample
extrapolation