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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels






2. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it






3. Design Randomization occurring within blocks






4. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1






5. The square root of the variance






6. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in






7. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other






8. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed






9. The difference between the first and third quartiles






10. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes






11. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed






12. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






13. The most basic situation in a simulation in which something happens at random






14. Graphs a dot for each case against a single axis






15. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship






16. When the levels of one factor are associated with the levels of another factor so their effects cannot be separated






17. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related






18. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population






19. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available






20. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ






21. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection






22. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____






23. Displays counts and - sometimes - percentages of individuals falling into named categories on two or more variables; categorizes the individuals on all variables at once - to reveal possible patterns in one variable that may be contingent on the cate






24. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes






25. The best defense against bias - in which each individual is given a fair - random chance of selection






26. The specific values that the experimenter chooses for a factor






27. A representative subset of a population - examined in hope of learning about the population






28. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units






29. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population






30. The experimental units assigned to a baseline treatment level - typically either the default treatment - which is well understood - or a null - placebo treatment






31. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases






32. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments






33. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams






34. Displays the 5-number summary as a central box with whiskers that extend to the non-outlying data values






35. A variable that names categories (whether with words or numerals)






36. To describe this aspect of a distribution - look for single vs. multiple modes - and symmetry vs. skewness






37. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context






38. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond






39. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x






40. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






41. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded






42. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data






43. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value






44. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value






45. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters






46. Summarized with the mean or the median






47. Control - randomize - replicate - block






48. Individuals on whom an experiment is performed






49. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped






50. The ____ we care about most is straight