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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A point that does not fit the overall pattern seen in the scatterplot






2. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population






3. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association






4. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed






5. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen






6. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area






7. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'






8. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random






9. The best defense against bias - in which each individual is given a fair - random chance of selection






10. A distribution that's roughly flat






11. Design Randomization occurring within blocks






12. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0






13. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups






14. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value






15. Extreme values that don't appear to belong with the rest of the data






16. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other






17. To describe this aspect of a distribution - look for single vs. multiple modes - and symmetry vs. skewness






18. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded






19. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean






20. The ____ we care about most is straight






21. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






22. The difference between the first and third quartiles






23. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame






24. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments






25. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined






26. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1






27. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data






28. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category






29. Displays data that change over time






30. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation






31. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count






32. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment






33. When an observed difference is too large for us to believe that is is likely to have occurred naturally






34. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population






35. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data






36. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed






37. Adding a constant to each data value adds the same constant to the mean - the median - and the quartiles - but does not change the standard deviation or IQR






38. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units






39. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn






40. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels






41. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






42. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






43. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded






44. The most basic situation in a simulation in which something happens at random






45. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters






46. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available






47. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages


48. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value






49. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






50. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data