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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data






2. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases






3. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection






4. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other






5. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams






6. Bias introduced to a sample when individuals can choose on their own whether to participate in the sample






7. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages

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8. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined






9. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






10. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set






11. Individuals on whom an experiment is performed






12. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ






13. The best defense against bias - in which each individual is given a fair - random chance of selection






14. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship






15. The ____ we care about most is straight






16. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one






17. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1






18. Uses adjacent bars to show the distribution of vales in a quantitative variable; each bar represents the frequency (or relative frequency) of values falling in an interval of values






19. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable






20. A representative subset of a population - examined in hope of learning about the population






21. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






22. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association






23. Value calculated from data to summarize aspects of the data






24. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn






25. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups






26. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____






27. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random






28. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo






29. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






30. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table






31. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment






32. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread






33. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count






34. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters






35. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units






36. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it






37. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value






38. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels






39. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____






40. Adding a constant to each data value adds the same constant to the mean - the median - and the quartiles - but does not change the standard deviation or IQR






41. An individual result of a component of a simulation






42. Distributions with two modes






43. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments






44. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population






45. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category






46. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable






47. Displays data that change over time






48. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






49. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0






50. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value