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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An individual about whom or which we have data






2. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one






3. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data






4. Graphs a dot for each case against a single axis






5. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame






6. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters






7. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in






8. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1






9. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x






10. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams






11. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods






12. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'






13. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn






14. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ






15. Numerically valued attribute of a model






16. When the levels of one factor are associated with the levels of another factor so their effects cannot be separated






17. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units






18. The number of individuals in a sample






19. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one






20. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes






21. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____






22. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups






23. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments






24. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean






25. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category






26. Displays counts and - sometimes - percentages of individuals falling into named categories on two or more variables; categorizes the individuals on all variables at once - to reveal possible patterns in one variable that may be contingent on the cate






27. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____






28. Individuals on whom an experiment is performed






29. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable






30. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range






31. Displays the 5-number summary as a central box with whiskers that extend to the non-outlying data values






32. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related






33. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes






34. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x






35. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable






36. The experimental units assigned to a baseline treatment level - typically either the default treatment - which is well understood - or a null - placebo treatment






37. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set






38. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population






39. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined






40. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo






41. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available






42. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value






43. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other






44. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






45. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units






46. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition






47. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages

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48. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection






49. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short






50. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units