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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count






2. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association






3. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups






4. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






5. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units






6. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen






7. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum






8. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x






9. Anything in a survey design that influences response






10. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table






11. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median






12. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread






13. Design Randomization occurring within blocks






14. Control - randomize - replicate - block






15. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available






16. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion






17. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes






18. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams






19. The specific values that the experimenter chooses for a factor






20. Displays counts and - sometimes - percentages of individuals falling into named categories on two or more variables; categorizes the individuals on all variables at once - to reveal possible patterns in one variable that may be contingent on the cate






21. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped






22. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship






23. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one






24. A distribution that's roughly flat






25. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category






26. An individual result of a component of a simulation






27. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two






28. Adding a constant to each data value adds the same constant to the mean - the median - and the quartiles - but does not change the standard deviation or IQR






29. Graphs a dot for each case against a single axis






30. This criterion specifies the unique line that minimizes the variance of the residuals or - equivalently - the sum of the squared residuals






31. Individuals on whom an experiment is performed






32. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods






33. The difference between the first and third quartiles






34. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond






35. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line






36. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values






37. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame






38. A representative subset of a population - examined in hope of learning about the population






39. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short






40. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x






41. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random






42. Distributions with more than two modes






43. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments






44. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed






45. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1






46. A variable that names categories (whether with words or numerals)






47. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category






48. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn






49. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo






50. Summarized with the mean or the median