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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0






2. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other






3. To describe this aspect of a distribution - look for single vs. multiple modes - and symmetry vs. skewness






4. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups






5. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random






6. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population






7. The square root of the variance






8. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population






9. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set






10. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ






11. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value






12. Individuals on whom an experiment is performed






13. Summarized with the mean or the median






14. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value






15. An individual result of a component of a simulation






16. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment






17. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded






18. A positive ____ or association means that - in general - as one variable increases - so does the other; when increases in one variable generally correspond to decreases in the other - the association is negative






19. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____






20. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context






21. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one






22. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association






23. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it






24. A point that does not fit the overall pattern seen in the scatterplot






25. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread






26. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed






27. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x






28. This criterion specifies the unique line that minimizes the variance of the residuals or - equivalently - the sum of the squared residuals






29. The ____ we care about most is straight






30. In a retrospective or prospective study Subjects who are similar in ways not under study may be ____ and then compared with each other on the variables of interest






31. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions






32. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median






33. Uses adjacent bars to show the distribution of vales in a quantitative variable; each bar represents the frequency (or relative frequency) of values falling in an interval of values






34. The most basic situation in a simulation in which something happens at random






35. Control - randomize - replicate - block






36. The experimental units assigned to a baseline treatment level - typically either the default treatment - which is well understood - or a null - placebo treatment






37. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality






38. Value calculated from data to summarize aspects of the data






39. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn






40. Distributions with more than two modes






41. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available






42. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined






43. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion






44. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population






45. Distributions with two modes






46. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes






47. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






48. A sample that consists of the entire population






49. Design Randomization occurring within blocks






50. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model







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