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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one






2. Displays data that change over time






3. The ____ we care about most is straight






4. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value






5. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range






6. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category






7. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo






8. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one






9. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion






10. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters






11. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value






12. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set






13. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set






14. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short






15. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population






16. Summarized with the mean or the median






17. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units






18. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods






19. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions






20. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value






21. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum






22. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population






23. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ






24. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean






25. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread






26. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes






27. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed






28. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen






29. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable






30. Graphs a dot for each case against a single axis






31. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line






32. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean






33. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1






34. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'






35. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases






36. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count






37. A sample that consists of the entire population






38. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in






39. Design Randomization occurring within blocks






40. Bias introduced to a sample when individuals can choose on their own whether to participate in the sample






41. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed






42. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table






43. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data






44. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages

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45. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random






46. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






47. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available






48. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed






49. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments






50. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x