Test your basic knowledge |

AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small






2. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value






3. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed






4. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population






5. Adding a constant to each data value adds the same constant to the mean - the median - and the quartiles - but does not change the standard deviation or IQR






6. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random






7. Uses adjacent bars to show the distribution of vales in a quantitative variable; each bar represents the frequency (or relative frequency) of values falling in an interval of values






8. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data






9. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data






10. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x






11. Bias introduced to a sample when individuals can choose on their own whether to participate in the sample






12. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population






13. This criterion specifies the unique line that minimizes the variance of the residuals or - equivalently - the sum of the squared residuals






14. Although linear models provide an easy way to predict values of y for a given value of x - it is unsafe to predict for values of x far from the ones used to find the linear model equation; predictions should not be trusted






15. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place






16. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in






17. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases






18. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available






19. An individual about whom or which we have data






20. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area






21. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






22. The experimental units assigned to a baseline treatment level - typically either the default treatment - which is well understood - or a null - placebo treatment






23. Distributions with more than two modes






24. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable






25. Displays counts and - sometimes - percentages of individuals falling into named categories on two or more variables; categorizes the individuals on all variables at once - to reveal possible patterns in one variable that may be contingent on the cate






26. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value






27. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it






28. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship






29. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






30. A variable that names categories (whether with words or numerals)






31. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters






32. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category






33. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean






34. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection






35. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes






36. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn






37. A distribution that's roughly flat






38. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum






39. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value






40. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond






41. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other






42. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






43. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random






44. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded






45. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped






46. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo






47. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






48. Anything in a survey design that influences response






49. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____






50. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category