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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






2. Design Randomization occurring within blocks






3. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation






4. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other






5. When the levels of one factor are associated with the levels of another factor so their effects cannot be separated






6. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other






7. Summarized with the mean or the median






8. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed






9. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related






10. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short






11. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded






12. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond






13. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters






14. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






15. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units






16. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data






17. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set






18. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association






19. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn






20. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value






21. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






22. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases






23. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups






24. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it






25. A sample that consists of the entire population






26. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x






27. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame






28. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units






29. Numerically valued attribute of a model






30. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value






31. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values






32. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions






33. Displays counts and - sometimes - percentages of individuals falling into named categories on two or more variables; categorizes the individuals on all variables at once - to reveal possible patterns in one variable that may be contingent on the cate






34. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes






35. The most basic situation in a simulation in which something happens at random






36. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available






37. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages

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38. The specific values that the experimenter chooses for a factor






39. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value






40. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line






41. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality






42. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn






43. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






44. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one






45. The difference between the first and third quartiles






46. An individual result of a component of a simulation






47. Displays data that change over time






48. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one






49. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units






50. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in







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