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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value






2. Displays the 5-number summary as a central box with whiskers that extend to the non-outlying data values






3. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it






4. A point that does not fit the overall pattern seen in the scatterplot






5. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0






6. The number of individuals in a sample






7. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1






8. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line






9. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions






10. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value






11. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table






12. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection






13. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions






14. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set






15. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context






16. The ____ we care about most is straight






17. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams






18. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean






19. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages

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20. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition






21. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo






22. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes






23. An individual about whom or which we have data






24. When an observed difference is too large for us to believe that is is likely to have occurred naturally






25. The experimental units assigned to a baseline treatment level - typically either the default treatment - which is well understood - or a null - placebo treatment






26. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in






27. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed






28. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category






29. Anything in a survey design that influences response






30. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short






31. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter






32. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related






33. Displays data that change over time






34. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association






35. The square root of the variance






36. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y






37. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area






38. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond






39. Multiplying each data value by a constant multiplies both the measures of position and the measures of spread by that constant






40. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters






41. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded






42. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined






43. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place






44. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean






45. A sample that consists of the entire population






46. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one






47. In a retrospective or prospective study Subjects who are similar in ways not under study may be ____ and then compared with each other on the variables of interest






48. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range






49. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category






50. Bias introduced to a sample when individuals can choose on their own whether to participate in the sample