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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Anything in a survey design that influences response
response bias
scatterplots
placebo effect
area principle
2. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one
z-score
regression line
representative
leverage
3. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two
lurking variable
intercept
sample size
predicted value
4. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment
skewed
completely randomized design
frequency table
interquartile range
5. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model
quantitative variable
sample size
simulation
area principle
6. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods
randomization
variable
multistage sample
lurking variable
7. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions
correlation
interquartile range
matched
normal model
8. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x
retrospective study
linear model
dotplot
simpson's paradox
9. Distributions with more than two modes
boxplot
sample survey
multimodal
principles of experimental design
10. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded
single-blind
regression to the mean
variable
random numbers
11. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x
response variable
r2
interquartile range
matching
12. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped
outlier
response
trial
unimodal
13. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small
leverage
block
population
5-number summary
14. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range
data table
subset
median
spread
15. The number of individuals in a sample
confounded
normal probability plot
stem-and-leaf display
sample size
16. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below
normal percentile
population parameter
observational study
lurking variable
17. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population
sampling frame
principles of experimental design
5-number summary
population parameter
18. Multiplying each data value by a constant multiplies both the measures of position and the measures of spread by that constant
rescaling
level
changing center and spread
response variable
19. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'
boxplot
spread
response bias
voluntary response bias
20. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame
random numbers
leverage
bias
systematic sample
21. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion
skewed
response variable
z-score
regression line
22. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count
subset
mean
range
histogram
23. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y
systematic sample
strength
census
slope
24. Although linear models provide an easy way to predict values of y for a given value of x - it is unsafe to predict for values of x far from the ones used to find the linear model equation; predictions should not be trusted
5-number summary
extrapolation
skewed
simulation component
25. The ____ we care about most is straight
comparing distributions
form
response bias
timeplot
26. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1
standard normal model
cluster sample
regression line
bimodal
27. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ
parameter
lurking variable
sampling variability
correlation
28. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these
lurking variable
normal probability plot
simple random sample
block
29. Displays counts and - sometimes - percentages of individuals falling into named categories on two or more variables; categorizes the individuals on all variables at once - to reveal possible patterns in one variable that may be contingent on the cate
normal percentile
normal probability plot
contingency table
influential point
30. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population
sample survey
comparing distributions
model
leverage
31. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values
trial
random numbers
lurking variable
spread
32. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category
pie chart
tails
range
systematic sample
33. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units
treatment
multistage sample
undercoverage
independence
34. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other
prospective study
least squares
skewed
sampling frame
35. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association
subset
simpson's paradox
sampling frame
correlation
36. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo
completely randomized design
statistically significant
placebo effect
normal percentile
37. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases
factor
scatterplots
frequency table
response bias
38. In a retrospective or prospective study Subjects who are similar in ways not under study may be ____ and then compared with each other on the variables of interest
matched
double-blind
randomization
area principle
39. Value calculated from data to summarize aspects of the data
strength
statistic
confounded
simulation component
40. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short
tails
frequency table
statistically significant
center
41. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed
observational study
correlation
leverage
mode
42. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum
matching
shape
stratified random sample
random numbers
43. Extreme values that don't appear to belong with the rest of the data
systematic sample
principles of experimental design
outliers
range
44. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean
quantitative variable
symmetric
regression to the mean
principles of experimental design
45. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage
variable
outlier
standardizing
independence
46. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals
bar chart
conditional distribution
response
stem-and-leaf display
47. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units
quantitative variable
variance
outliers
form
48. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set
simple random sample
shape
center
range
49. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen
range
stem-and-leaf display
random
voluntary response bias
50. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions
placebo effect
placebo
uniform
simulation component