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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short






2. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line






3. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data






4. When an observed difference is too large for us to believe that is is likely to have occurred naturally






5. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean






6. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related






7. To describe this aspect of a distribution - look for single vs. multiple modes - and symmetry vs. skewness






8. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context






9. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set






10. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed






11. Displays the 5-number summary as a central box with whiskers that extend to the non-outlying data values






12. Summarized with the mean or the median






13. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x






14. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random






15. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams






16. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these






17. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data






18. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count






19. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category






20. Design Randomization occurring within blocks






21. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined






22. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






23. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units






24. The square root of the variance






25. When the levels of one factor are associated with the levels of another factor so their effects cannot be separated






26. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population






27. Graphs a dot for each case against a single axis






28. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters






29. Displays data that change over time






30. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other






31. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo






32. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set






33. A sample that consists of the entire population






34. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value






35. The most basic situation in a simulation in which something happens at random






36. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1






37. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it






38. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value






39. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






40. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion






41. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population






42. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one






43. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions






44. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population






45. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____






46. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods






47. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments






48. A distribution that's roughly flat






49. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x






50. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below