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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases






2. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






3. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen






4. In a retrospective or prospective study Subjects who are similar in ways not under study may be ____ and then compared with each other on the variables of interest






5. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship






6. The most basic situation in a simulation in which something happens at random






7. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data






8. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value






9. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related






10. The ____ we care about most is straight






11. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x






12. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments






13. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded






14. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random






15. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____






16. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






17. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units






18. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one






19. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable






20. Bias introduced to a sample when individuals can choose on their own whether to participate in the sample






21. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small






22. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ






23. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed






24. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions






25. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn






26. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category






27. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one






28. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these






29. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes






30. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table






31. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random






32. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality






33. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population






34. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages

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35. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases






36. Uses adjacent bars to show the distribution of vales in a quantitative variable; each bar represents the frequency (or relative frequency) of values falling in an interval of values






37. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range






38. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y






39. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped






40. A sample that consists of the entire population






41. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams






42. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum






43. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo






44. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population






45. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter






46. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame






47. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded






48. Multiplying each data value by a constant multiplies both the measures of position and the measures of spread by that constant






49. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in






50. The number of individuals in a sample