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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Distributions with two modes






2. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available






3. Summarized with the mean or the median






4. Design Randomization occurring within blocks






5. The number of individuals in a sample






6. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value






7. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






8. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random






9. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






10. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean






11. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value






12. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it






13. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed






14. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn






15. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped






16. Numerically valued attribute of a model






17. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment






18. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0






19. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels






20. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these






21. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population






22. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median






23. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed






24. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y






25. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes






26. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean






27. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population






28. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range






29. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn






30. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other






31. Displays data that change over time






32. An individual about whom or which we have data






33. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ






34. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






35. The square root of the variance






36. The ____ we care about most is straight






37. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases






38. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship






39. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in






40. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






41. A representative subset of a population - examined in hope of learning about the population






42. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen






43. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable






44. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count






45. A positive ____ or association means that - in general - as one variable increases - so does the other; when increases in one variable generally correspond to decreases in the other - the association is negative






46. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion






47. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data






48. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions






49. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded






50. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____






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