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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data
histogram
placebo effect
range
ladder of powers
2. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean
regression to the mean
timeplot
correlation
predicted value
3. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data
subset
standardizing
direction
percentile
4. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units
quantitative variable
sample size
subset
bias
5. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____
interquartile range
histogram
re-express data
influential point
6. To describe this aspect of a distribution - look for single vs. multiple modes - and symmetry vs. skewness
response variable
shape
categorical variable
retrospective study
7. Distributions with more than two modes
frequency table
residuals
interquartile range
multimodal
8. An individual result of a component of a simulation
response bias
outcome
population parameter
data table
9. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in
regression line
double-blind
response variable
standard normal model
10. Anything in a survey design that influences response
simulation component
sampling variability
response bias
data table
11. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available
retrospective study
5-number summary
mode
convenience sample
12. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x
random
68-95-99.7 rule
r2
statistically significant
13. An individual about whom or which we have data
convenience sample
undercoverage
case
timeplot
14. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other
placebo effect
skewed
data table
unimodal
15. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association
changing center and spread
simple random sample
simulation
correlation
16. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels
experiment
direction
5-number summary
nonresponse bias
17. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo
placebo effect
stratified random sample
re-express data
multistage sample
18. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection
residuals
simple random sample
observational study
r2
19. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed
observational study
placebo
systematic sample
multimodal
20. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table
marginal distribution
shape
statistically significant
prospective study
21. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these
block
completely randomized design
5-number summary
standard normal model
22. The number of individuals in a sample
intercept
simulation component
sample size
convenience sample
23. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed
conditional distribution
context
response bias
dotplot
24. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions
comparing distributions
trial
representative
placebo
25. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population
matching
standardized value
systematic sample
data table
26. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it
median
statistically significant
symmetric
sampling frame
27. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread
matching
rescaling
comparing distributions
symmetric
28. Distributions with two modes
bimodal
regression to the mean
z-score
simpson's paradox
29. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable
data table
timeplot
double-blind
treatment
30. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value
residuals
categorical variable
outlier
randomized block
31. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments
experimental units
response
ladder of powers
normal model
32. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population
statistic
comparing distributions
sample survey
quantitative variable
33. The difference between the first and third quartiles
confounded
area principle
interquartile range
range
34. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random
cluster sample
median
bimodal
z-score
35. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion
percentile
frequency table
regression line
sample
36. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1
boxplot
z-score
standard normal model
histogram
37. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data
response bias
mean
spread
percentile
38. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area
cluster sample
level
area principle
principles of experimental design
39. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value
matched
statistic
center
percentile
40. A sample that consists of the entire population
strength
data
experimental units
census
41. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded
lurking variable
uniform
treatment
single-blind
42. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable
center
simple random sample
bar chart
response bias
43. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0
r2
intercept
area principle
context
44. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it
boxplot
quartile
outcome
skewed
45. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population
ladder of powers
scatterplots
bar chart
undercoverage
46. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship
conditional distribution
strength
sampling frame
nonresponse bias
47. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'
spread
stratified random sample
factor
normal model
48. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation
standardized value
data table
confounded
standardizing
49. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context
data
confounded
standardizing
sampling variability
50. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams
dotplot
units
contingency table
standardized value