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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
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Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The specific values that the experimenter chooses for a factor
histogram
random assignment
level
68-95-99.7 rule
2. A representative subset of a population - examined in hope of learning about the population
placebo
sample
dotplot
area principle
3. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place
stratified random sample
outlier
trial
response variable
4. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters
marginal distribution
representative
experimental units
random assignment
5. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below
outlier
randomized block
center
normal percentile
6. Although linear models provide an easy way to predict values of y for a given value of x - it is unsafe to predict for values of x far from the ones used to find the linear model equation; predictions should not be trusted
intercept
block
slope
extrapolation
7. In a retrospective or prospective study Subjects who are similar in ways not under study may be ____ and then compared with each other on the variables of interest
spread
matched
symmetric
response variable
8. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these
matched
ladder of powers
block
outlier
9. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value
representative
leverage
distribution
contingency table
10. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'
completely randomized design
z-score
parameter
spread
11. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1
standard normal model
variance
variable
stratified random sample
12. Design Randomization occurring within blocks
population parameter
outcome
randomized block
random numbers
13. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x
predicted value
multimodal
r2
comparing distributions
14. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases
randomized block
nonresponse bias
scatterplots
standardized value
15. The number of individuals in a sample
sample size
normal probability plot
conditional distribution
retrospective study
16. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams
units
response bias
median
normal model
17. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection
simple random sample
matched
experimental units
ladder of powers
18. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related
control group
rescaling
changing center and spread
lurking variable
19. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases
distribution
variable
direction
cluster sample
20. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods
multistage sample
level
5-number summary
distribution
21. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units
changing center and spread
histogram
intercept
regression line
22. The difference between the first and third quartiles
interquartile range
control group
lurking variable
shape
23. When an observed difference is too large for us to believe that is is likely to have occurred naturally
random
extrapolation
area principle
statistically significant
24. Extreme values that don't appear to belong with the rest of the data
outliers
simpson's paradox
5-number summary
68-95-99.7 rule
25. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data
undercoverage
ladder of powers
sampling frame
changing center and spread
26. Value calculated from data to summarize aspects of the data
statistic
pie chart
changing center and spread
experimental units
27. A positive ____ or association means that - in general - as one variable increases - so does the other; when increases in one variable generally correspond to decreases in the other - the association is negative
quantitative variable
direction
simpson's paradox
units
28. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ
sampling variability
sample survey
random numbers
leverage
29. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category
retrospective study
frequency table
matched
simple random sample
30. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x
quartile
re-express data
linear model
sampling variability
31. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded
multimodal
single-blind
normal model
marginal distribution
32. Multiplying each data value by a constant multiplies both the measures of position and the measures of spread by that constant
blinding
rescaling
placebo
predicted value
33. Graphs a dot for each case against a single axis
experiment
dotplot
marginal distribution
trial
34. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one
multimodal
standard normal model
ladder of powers
variance
35. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped
variance
unimodal
representative
factor
36. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short
response bias
tails
treatment
prospective study
37. A point that does not fit the overall pattern seen in the scatterplot
voluntary response bias
outlier
random
timeplot
38. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed
model
placebo
context
population parameter
39. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals
conditional distribution
block
response variable
case
40. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame
shape
form
factor
systematic sample
41. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data
lurking variable
parameter
percentile
retrospective study
42. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other
intercept
symmetric
extrapolation
random numbers
43. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data
scatterplots
distribution
subset
parameter
44. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation
standardized value
contingency table
outcome
population parameter
45. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen
random
categorical variable
direction
linear model
46. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship
single-blind
timeplot
strength
outlier
47. Control - randomize - replicate - block
residuals
mode
principles of experimental design
least squares
48. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context
comparing distributions
context
data
sample
49. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one
strength
random
z-score
placebo effect
50. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed
observational study
sampling frame
level
direction
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