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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The specific values that the experimenter chooses for a factor
matching
matched
retrospective study
level
2. Displays the 5-number summary as a central box with whiskers that extend to the non-outlying data values
randomized block
bias
boxplot
mode
3. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined
scatterplots
retrospective study
simulation
form
4. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable
normal model
context
predicted value
bar chart
5. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table
randomization
prospective study
marginal distribution
categorical variable
6. The best defense against bias - in which each individual is given a fair - random chance of selection
sample survey
randomization
unimodal
distribution
7. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value
spread
residuals
outcome
mean
8. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category
rescaling
frequency table
uniform
matching
9. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals
conditional distribution
z-score
normal probability plot
boxplot
10. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below
rescaling
distribution
median
normal percentile
11. Bias introduced to a sample when individuals can choose on their own whether to participate in the sample
re-express data
boxplot
voluntary response bias
stratified random sample
12. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection
simple random sample
sampling frame
5-number summary
residuals
13. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes
prospective study
standard deviation
center
subset
14. Individuals on whom an experiment is performed
outliers
experimental units
linear model
range
15. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo
random assignment
blinding
placebo effect
percentile
16. Uses adjacent bars to show the distribution of vales in a quantitative variable; each bar represents the frequency (or relative frequency) of values falling in an interval of values
randomized block
block
ladder of powers
histogram
17. Although linear models provide an easy way to predict values of y for a given value of x - it is unsafe to predict for values of x far from the ones used to find the linear model equation; predictions should not be trusted
prospective study
simulation component
extrapolation
undercoverage
18. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category
matched
pie chart
placebo effect
trial
19. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other
linear model
population parameter
rescaling
independence
20. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related
uniform
changing center and spread
lurking variable
parameter
21. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments
percentile
shape
form
response
22. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship
observational study
normal model
random assignment
strength
23. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded
shifting
marginal distribution
double-blind
random
24. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation
standardized value
data
mean
z-score
25. The number of individuals in a sample
regression line
sample size
convenience sample
outlier
26. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one
variance
units
census
normal probability plot
27. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition
cluster sample
outcome
slope
normal probability plot
28. A sample that consists of the entire population
response variable
census
timeplot
completely randomized design
29. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn
stem-and-leaf display
treatment
sampling frame
r2
30. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter
quartile
multimodal
factor
linear model
31. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count
comparing distributions
response bias
percentile
mean
32. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in
model
response variable
bar chart
normal percentile
33. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it
placebo effect
sample
quartile
median
34. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population
predicted value
timeplot
z-score
matching
35. The difference between the first and third quartiles
units
data
regression line
interquartile range
36. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values
normal percentile
random numbers
leverage
mean
37. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage
outcome
convenience sample
quantitative variable
outlier
38. The square root of the variance
randomized block
area principle
standard deviation
nonresponse bias
39. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion
comparing distributions
data table
regression line
shape
40. An individual about whom or which we have data
outlier
case
random assignment
control group
41. Distributions with two modes
median
sampling frame
bimodal
principles of experimental design
42. A point that does not fit the overall pattern seen in the scatterplot
regression line
pie chart
outlier
ladder of powers
43. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value
normal percentile
census
center
simpson's paradox
44. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases
observational study
data table
variable
census
45. To describe this aspect of a distribution - look for single vs. multiple modes - and symmetry vs. skewness
placebo
distribution
census
shape
46. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed
response variable
leverage
observational study
changing center and spread
47. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set
5-number summary
range
least squares
matching
48. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these
simulation component
parameter
double-blind
block
49. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line
5-number summary
placebo effect
predicted value
randomization
50. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable
data table
outcome
spread
range