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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context






2. Displays data that change over time






3. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data






4. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association






5. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place






6. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters






7. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed






8. Summarized with the mean or the median






9. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0






10. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn






11. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality






12. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population






13. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median






14. A sample that consists of the entire population






15. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






16. The square root of the variance






17. The experimental units assigned to a baseline treatment level - typically either the default treatment - which is well understood - or a null - placebo treatment






18. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame






19. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data






20. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation






21. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area






22. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






23. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






24. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels






25. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed






26. When an observed difference is too large for us to believe that is is likely to have occurred naturally






27. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups






28. Graphs a dot for each case against a single axis






29. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection






30. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






31. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined






32. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped






33. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed






34. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units






35. A positive ____ or association means that - in general - as one variable increases - so does the other; when increases in one variable generally correspond to decreases in the other - the association is negative






36. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases






37. Control - randomize - replicate - block






38. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in






39. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related






40. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one






41. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion






42. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line






43. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table






44. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units






45. Extreme values that don't appear to belong with the rest of the data






46. The number of individuals in a sample






47. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ






48. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units






49. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes






50. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one