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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value






2. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed






3. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions






4. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two






5. When an observed difference is too large for us to believe that is is likely to have occurred naturally






6. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn






7. A distribution that's roughly flat






8. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____






9. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one






10. Individuals on whom an experiment is performed






11. Adding a constant to each data value adds the same constant to the mean - the median - and the quartiles - but does not change the standard deviation or IQR






12. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded






13. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value






14. A representative subset of a population - examined in hope of learning about the population






15. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






16. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods






17. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean






18. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined






19. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups






20. A variable that names categories (whether with words or numerals)






21. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion






22. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set






23. To describe this aspect of a distribution - look for single vs. multiple modes - and symmetry vs. skewness






24. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y






25. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____






26. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped






27. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it






28. Summarized with the mean or the median






29. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data






30. Although linear models provide an easy way to predict values of y for a given value of x - it is unsafe to predict for values of x far from the ones used to find the linear model equation; predictions should not be trusted






31. In a retrospective or prospective study Subjects who are similar in ways not under study may be ____ and then compared with each other on the variables of interest






32. Numerically valued attribute of a model






33. An individual result of a component of a simulation






34. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter






35. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count






36. A sample that consists of the entire population






37. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category






38. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available






39. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0






40. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value






41. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






42. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded






43. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population






44. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread






45. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one






46. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area






47. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range






48. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed






49. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population






50. Multiplying each data value by a constant multiplies both the measures of position and the measures of spread by that constant