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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Control - randomize - replicate - block






2. Extreme values that don't appear to belong with the rest of the data






3. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data






4. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions






5. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo






6. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y






7. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set






8. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn






9. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread






10. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'






11. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units






12. The most basic situation in a simulation in which something happens at random






13. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn






14. Displays counts and - sometimes - percentages of individuals falling into named categories on two or more variables; categorizes the individuals on all variables at once - to reveal possible patterns in one variable that may be contingent on the cate






15. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line






16. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes






17. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages

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18. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random






19. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____






20. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels






21. The experimental units assigned to a baseline treatment level - typically either the default treatment - which is well understood - or a null - placebo treatment






22. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value






23. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population






24. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count






25. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter






26. When an observed difference is too large for us to believe that is is likely to have occurred naturally






27. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






28. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases






29. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed






30. Displays data that change over time






31. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined






32. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random






33. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units






34. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups






35. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x






36. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context






37. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond






38. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship






39. Distributions with more than two modes






40. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set






41. Summarized with the mean or the median






42. Graphs a dot for each case against a single axis






43. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods






44. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category






45. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






46. A distribution that's roughly flat






47. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ






48. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range






49. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition






50. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value