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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category






2. The number of individuals in a sample






3. Control - randomize - replicate - block






4. A positive ____ or association means that - in general - as one variable increases - so does the other; when increases in one variable generally correspond to decreases in the other - the association is negative






5. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range






6. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






7. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond






8. Uses adjacent bars to show the distribution of vales in a quantitative variable; each bar represents the frequency (or relative frequency) of values falling in an interval of values






9. When the levels of one factor are associated with the levels of another factor so their effects cannot be separated






10. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units






11. Graphs a dot for each case against a single axis






12. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded






13. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value






14. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y






15. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short






16. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship






17. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread






18. Distributions with more than two modes






19. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these






20. A distribution that's roughly flat






21. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population






22. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data






23. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it






24. Bias introduced to a sample when individuals can choose on their own whether to participate in the sample






25. Multiplying each data value by a constant multiplies both the measures of position and the measures of spread by that constant






26. Anything in a survey design that influences response






27. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen






28. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean






29. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases






30. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1






31. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value






32. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters






33. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units






34. To describe this aspect of a distribution - look for single vs. multiple modes - and symmetry vs. skewness






35. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups






36. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels






37. Numerically valued attribute of a model






38. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set






39. The best defense against bias - in which each individual is given a fair - random chance of selection






40. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x






41. Displays the 5-number summary as a central box with whiskers that extend to the non-outlying data values






42. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small






43. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality






44. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other






45. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






46. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition






47. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population






48. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions






49. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below






50. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context