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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped






2. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range






3. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area






4. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0






5. Bias introduced to a sample when individuals can choose on their own whether to participate in the sample






6. Displays data that change over time






7. Control - randomize - replicate - block






8. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ






9. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values






10. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams






11. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter






12. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments






13. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set






14. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






15. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category






16. Distributions with more than two modes






17. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random






18. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases






19. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data






20. Individuals on whom an experiment is performed






21. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded






22. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value






23. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two






24. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table






25. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






26. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed






27. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed






28. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value






29. In a retrospective or prospective study Subjects who are similar in ways not under study may be ____ and then compared with each other on the variables of interest






30. An individual result of a component of a simulation






31. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






32. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count






33. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation






34. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






35. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related






36. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value






37. Multiplying each data value by a constant multiplies both the measures of position and the measures of spread by that constant






38. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value






39. A distribution that's roughly flat






40. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1






41. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo






42. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one






43. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn






44. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it






45. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed






46. This criterion specifies the unique line that minimizes the variance of the residuals or - equivalently - the sum of the squared residuals






47. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum






48. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'






49. A sample that consists of the entire population






50. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases