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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context






2. The number of individuals in a sample






3. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded






4. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other






5. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data






6. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0






7. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____






8. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined






9. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






10. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection






11. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median






12. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable






13. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread






14. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean






15. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units






16. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it






17. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line






18. The best defense against bias - in which each individual is given a fair - random chance of selection






19. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded






20. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area






21. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short






22. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one






23. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value






24. Design Randomization occurring within blocks






25. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two






26. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association






27. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below






28. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other






29. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable






30. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table






31. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data






32. Distributions with two modes






33. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods






34. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category






35. Numerically valued attribute of a model






36. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available






37. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter






38. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






39. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes






40. Value calculated from data to summarize aspects of the data






41. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages

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42. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels






43. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data






44. Bias introduced to a sample when individuals can choose on their own whether to participate in the sample






45. Graphs a dot for each case against a single axis






46. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases






47. To describe this aspect of a distribution - look for single vs. multiple modes - and symmetry vs. skewness






48. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes






49. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population






50. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed