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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0






2. Displays the 5-number summary as a central box with whiskers that extend to the non-outlying data values






3. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean






4. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable






5. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion






6. The experimental units assigned to a baseline treatment level - typically either the default treatment - which is well understood - or a null - placebo treatment






7. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values






8. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods






9. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related






10. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units






11. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x






12. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median






13. Displays data that change over time






14. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages

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15. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available






16. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions






17. Individuals on whom an experiment is performed






18. Distributions with two modes






19. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection






20. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread






21. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context






22. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data






23. The square root of the variance






24. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






25. Adding a constant to each data value adds the same constant to the mean - the median - and the quartiles - but does not change the standard deviation or IQR






26. Value calculated from data to summarize aspects of the data






27. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category






28. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






29. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo






30. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1






31. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






32. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population






33. Graphs a dot for each case against a single axis






34. A variable that names categories (whether with words or numerals)






35. The difference between the first and third quartiles






36. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond






37. A sample that consists of the entire population






38. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded






39. The ____ we care about most is straight






40. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random






41. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units






42. Control - randomize - replicate - block






43. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






44. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units






45. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place






46. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments






47. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area






48. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes






49. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data






50. A positive ____ or association means that - in general - as one variable increases - so does the other; when increases in one variable generally correspond to decreases in the other - the association is negative