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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The number of individuals in a sample
sampling variability
sample size
shifting
outliers
2. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable
data table
categorical variable
boxplot
standardizing
3. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1
trial
68-95-99.7 rule
standard normal model
population parameter
4. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random
mode
level
random assignment
quantitative variable
5. Displays counts and - sometimes - percentages of individuals falling into named categories on two or more variables; categorizes the individuals on all variables at once - to reveal possible patterns in one variable that may be contingent on the cate
contingency table
randomized block
percentile
sample survey
6. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond
quartile
nonresponse bias
form
sample survey
7. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded
simpson's paradox
units
lurking variable
double-blind
8. Individuals on whom an experiment is performed
nonresponse bias
convenience sample
experimental units
statistically significant
9. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units
changing center and spread
predicted value
units
regression line
10. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'
single-blind
standardized value
comparing distributions
spread
11. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes
least squares
cluster sample
standardizing
single-blind
12. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value
r2
center
uniform
regression line
13. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set
control group
range
slope
experimental units
14. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage
data
percentile
linear model
outlier
15. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value
convenience sample
quantitative variable
shifting
residuals
16. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data
parameter
normal percentile
percentile
simple random sample
17. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed
sampling variability
mode
intercept
form
18. A positive ____ or association means that - in general - as one variable increases - so does the other; when increases in one variable generally correspond to decreases in the other - the association is negative
direction
sampling frame
random assignment
leverage
19. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place
ladder of powers
z-score
trial
block
20. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available
simpson's paradox
convenience sample
sampling variability
timeplot
21. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments
correlation
response
leverage
standardized value
22. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category
units
frequency table
form
influential point
23. Displays the 5-number summary as a central box with whiskers that extend to the non-outlying data values
normal probability plot
bar chart
boxplot
spread
24. A representative subset of a population - examined in hope of learning about the population
sample
timeplot
linear model
contingency table
25. A distribution that's roughly flat
convenience sample
mode
random numbers
uniform
26. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation
standardized value
cluster sample
outlier
sample
27. The experimental units assigned to a baseline treatment level - typically either the default treatment - which is well understood - or a null - placebo treatment
simple random sample
sampling frame
treatment
control group
28. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table
model
principles of experimental design
marginal distribution
undercoverage
29. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set
re-express data
outlier
shape
standard normal model
30. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it
median
voluntary response bias
outlier
data table
31. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it
confounded
correlation
68-95-99.7 rule
quartile
32. The most basic situation in a simulation in which something happens at random
simulation component
principles of experimental design
standard deviation
placebo
33. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below
skewed
normal percentile
frequency table
pie chart
34. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population
lurking variable
quantitative variable
experiment
matching
35. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups
blinding
control group
spread
skewed
36. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases
convenience sample
sampling frame
observational study
variable
37. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean
percentile
slope
68-95-99.7 rule
placebo
38. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases
regression line
representative
scatterplots
randomized block
39. A point that does not fit the overall pattern seen in the scatterplot
outlier
random
simulation
stratified random sample
40. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes
contingency table
prospective study
boxplot
least squares
41. Numerically valued attribute of a model
conditional distribution
parameter
representative
extrapolation
42. A sample that consists of the entire population
statistically significant
census
quartile
case
43. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median
variance
5-number summary
standard deviation
mean
44. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread
5-number summary
comparing distributions
shape
stem-and-leaf display
45. A variable that names categories (whether with words or numerals)
undercoverage
convenience sample
categorical variable
random numbers
46. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection
trial
linear model
simple random sample
subset
47. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable
statistic
simple random sample
bar chart
tails
48. Distributions with two modes
bimodal
range
bias
least squares
49. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data
randomized block
subset
principles of experimental design
convenience sample
50. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped
bar chart
matched
unimodal
ladder of powers