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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Displays the 5-number summary as a central box with whiskers that extend to the non-outlying data values
quantitative variable
unimodal
level
boxplot
2. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen
leverage
distribution
random
retrospective study
3. Uses adjacent bars to show the distribution of vales in a quantitative variable; each bar represents the frequency (or relative frequency) of values falling in an interval of values
residuals
symmetric
sampling frame
histogram
4. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'
marginal distribution
distribution
strength
spread
5. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small
leverage
confounded
level
standard deviation
6. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter
confounded
sampling frame
completely randomized design
factor
7. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value
context
distribution
simulation component
standard deviation
8. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods
block
contingency table
multistage sample
blinding
9. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes
prospective study
mode
lurking variable
shifting
10. Displays data that change over time
random
unimodal
symmetric
timeplot
11. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short
regression line
bias
tails
standard normal model
12. Design Randomization occurring within blocks
census
data
randomized block
linear model
13. The number of individuals in a sample
sample size
range
changing center and spread
median
14. A positive ____ or association means that - in general - as one variable increases - so does the other; when increases in one variable generally correspond to decreases in the other - the association is negative
blinding
histogram
direction
principles of experimental design
15. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random
sampling variability
treatment
simulation component
random assignment
16. A sample that consists of the entire population
census
response variable
normal percentile
randomized block
17. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value
comparing distributions
center
quartile
randomized block
18. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area
nonresponse bias
area principle
frequency table
representative
19. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment
retrospective study
symmetric
completely randomized design
quartile
20. Distributions with two modes
random
simple random sample
least squares
bimodal
21. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median
simpson's paradox
skewed
mode
5-number summary
22. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion
census
placebo effect
regression line
timeplot
23. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model
variance
interquartile range
population parameter
simulation
24. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table
level
slope
marginal distribution
multistage sample
25. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions
data
convenience sample
placebo
linear model
26. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean
normal percentile
bar chart
regression to the mean
skewed
27. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection
tails
stem-and-leaf display
simple random sample
placebo effect
28. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded
single-blind
population parameter
outcome
randomization
29. The experimental units assigned to a baseline treatment level - typically either the default treatment - which is well understood - or a null - placebo treatment
completely randomized design
median
control group
voluntary response bias
30. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases
simpson's paradox
confounded
re-express data
variable
31. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases
scatterplots
comparing distributions
re-express data
placebo effect
32. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it
multimodal
sample size
sample
quartile
33. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals
placebo effect
bar chart
conditional distribution
pie chart
34. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0
experiment
intercept
shape
normal model
35. The difference between the first and third quartiles
population parameter
representative
nonresponse bias
interquartile range
36. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in
randomization
changing center and spread
response variable
rescaling
37. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable
interquartile range
quantitative variable
matching
data table
38. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y
leverage
random numbers
symmetric
slope
39. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond
nonresponse bias
predicted value
mode
standard deviation
40. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other
response bias
symmetric
random
response variable
41. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality
cluster sample
census
area principle
model
42. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread
population
comparing distributions
convenience sample
multistage sample
43. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population
changing center and spread
confounded
undercoverage
conditional distribution
44. The square root of the variance
standard deviation
representative
statistically significant
bar chart
45. An individual result of a component of a simulation
outcome
conditional distribution
parameter
sample
46. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population
population parameter
cluster sample
sample size
median
47. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages
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48. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition
multimodal
control group
dotplot
normal probability plot
49. Distributions with more than two modes
multimodal
outlier
matched
randomization
50. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line
prospective study
standardized value
r2
predicted value