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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two






2. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed






3. The difference between the first and third quartiles






4. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count






5. A positive ____ or association means that - in general - as one variable increases - so does the other; when increases in one variable generally correspond to decreases in the other - the association is negative






6. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y






7. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context






8. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean






9. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place






10. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion






11. Distributions with two modes






12. Multiplying each data value by a constant multiplies both the measures of position and the measures of spread by that constant






13. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random






14. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one






15. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter






16. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined






17. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed






18. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ






19. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data






20. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units






21. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages

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22. Individuals on whom an experiment is performed






23. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels






24. Summarized with the mean or the median






25. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond






26. Displays data that change over time






27. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1






28. The most basic situation in a simulation in which something happens at random






29. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units






30. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods






31. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0






32. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table






33. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available






34. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality






35. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x






36. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo






37. The number of individuals in a sample






38. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range






39. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame






40. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn






41. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






42. A distribution that's roughly flat






43. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded






44. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments






45. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set






46. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






47. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small






48. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these






49. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population






50. A sample that consists of the entire population