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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Displays the 5-number summary as a central box with whiskers that extend to the non-outlying data values
data table
boxplot
quantitative variable
placebo effect
2. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units
context
68-95-99.7 rule
quantitative variable
median
3. A point that does not fit the overall pattern seen in the scatterplot
data table
outlier
prospective study
slope
4. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'
histogram
spread
response
sample
5. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data
treatment
experiment
subset
leverage
6. The experimental units assigned to a baseline treatment level - typically either the default treatment - which is well understood - or a null - placebo treatment
comparing distributions
interquartile range
regression line
control group
7. The number of individuals in a sample
matched
sample size
mean
pie chart
8. Control - randomize - replicate - block
single-blind
principles of experimental design
dotplot
bimodal
9. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category
ladder of powers
simple random sample
frequency table
regression line
10. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions
normal model
data table
68-95-99.7 rule
standard normal model
11. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn
sampling frame
normal probability plot
census
response
12. This criterion specifies the unique line that minimizes the variance of the residuals or - equivalently - the sum of the squared residuals
simulation component
least squares
sampling variability
multistage sample
13. Value calculated from data to summarize aspects of the data
case
simulation
statistic
mode
14. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related
level
lurking variable
extrapolation
undercoverage
15. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum
nonresponse bias
population
center
stratified random sample
16. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages
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17. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available
histogram
convenience sample
subset
units
18. Bias introduced to a sample when individuals can choose on their own whether to participate in the sample
trial
voluntary response bias
shape
completely randomized design
19. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases
direction
scatterplots
multimodal
spread
20. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category
normal model
pie chart
least squares
median
21. The square root of the variance
strength
statistic
standard deviation
convenience sample
22. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values
random numbers
residuals
predicted value
ladder of powers
23. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame
retrospective study
marginal distribution
contingency table
systematic sample
24. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable
categorical variable
contingency table
distribution
bar chart
25. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small
timeplot
normal model
leverage
regression to the mean
26. The best defense against bias - in which each individual is given a fair - random chance of selection
lurking variable
leverage
quartile
randomization
27. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels
comparing distributions
standard deviation
experiment
matching
28. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams
undercoverage
units
histogram
quantitative variable
29. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed
outcome
sampling frame
context
distribution
30. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line
standardizing
stratified random sample
predicted value
completely randomized design
31. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data
variance
random assignment
sample
stem-and-leaf display
32. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area
statistically significant
shape
area principle
systematic sample
33. When an observed difference is too large for us to believe that is is likely to have occurred naturally
statistically significant
timeplot
randomization
slope
34. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population
undercoverage
prospective study
z-score
response
35. Displays counts and - sometimes - percentages of individuals falling into named categories on two or more variables; categorizes the individuals on all variables at once - to reveal possible patterns in one variable that may be contingent on the cate
placebo
contingency table
data table
random numbers
36. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes
area principle
prospective study
center
predicted value
37. Numerically valued attribute of a model
variance
parameter
form
simple random sample
38. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random
random assignment
census
simulation component
retrospective study
39. Distributions with two modes
rescaling
nonresponse bias
comparing distributions
bimodal
40. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x
r2
random numbers
influential point
random assignment
41. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals
trial
population
contingency table
conditional distribution
42. An individual about whom or which we have data
pie chart
convenience sample
case
mode
43. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below
residuals
confounded
normal percentile
matching
44. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable
data table
distribution
prospective study
leverage
45. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded
experimental units
double-blind
bimodal
lurking variable
46. A sample that consists of the entire population
mode
shape
multistage sample
census
47. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short
tails
sampling frame
prospective study
comparing distributions
48. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population
intercept
normal model
matching
prospective study
49. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____
experiment
model
standard normal model
influential point
50. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units
parameter
random numbers
ladder of powers
treatment