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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments






2. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x






3. The ____ we care about most is straight






4. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random






5. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it






6. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions






7. Displays data that change over time






8. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable






9. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random






10. Graphs a dot for each case against a single axis






11. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship






12. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded






13. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value






14. Value calculated from data to summarize aspects of the data






15. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table






16. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two






17. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other






18. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






19. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment






20. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median






21. In a retrospective or prospective study Subjects who are similar in ways not under study may be ____ and then compared with each other on the variables of interest






22. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units






23. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count






24. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data






25. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other






26. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed






27. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes






28. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in






29. An individual about whom or which we have data






30. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection






31. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread






32. The experimental units assigned to a baseline treatment level - typically either the default treatment - which is well understood - or a null - placebo treatment






33. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value






34. The difference between the first and third quartiles






35. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases






36. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






37. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality






38. A variable that names categories (whether with words or numerals)






39. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set






40. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related






41. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






42. When an observed difference is too large for us to believe that is is likely to have occurred naturally






43. The most basic situation in a simulation in which something happens at random






44. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups






45. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units






46. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category






47. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






48. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association






49. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined






50. A positive ____ or association means that - in general - as one variable increases - so does the other; when increases in one variable generally correspond to decreases in the other - the association is negative