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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units






2. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values






3. Anything in a survey design that influences response






4. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean






5. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related






6. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set






7. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






8. Numerically valued attribute of a model






9. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes






10. When an observed difference is too large for us to believe that is is likely to have occurred naturally






11. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams






12. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter






13. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases






14. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data






15. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions






16. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped






17. A representative subset of a population - examined in hope of learning about the population






18. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x






19. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small






20. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category






21. The most basic situation in a simulation in which something happens at random






22. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed






23. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one






24. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y






25. The specific values that the experimenter chooses for a factor






26. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set






27. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count






28. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population






29. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






30. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions






31. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection






32. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment






33. Although linear models provide an easy way to predict values of y for a given value of x - it is unsafe to predict for values of x far from the ones used to find the linear model equation; predictions should not be trusted






34. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship






35. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded






36. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x






37. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition






38. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random






39. Uses adjacent bars to show the distribution of vales in a quantitative variable; each bar represents the frequency (or relative frequency) of values falling in an interval of values






40. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place






41. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality






42. The square root of the variance






43. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category






44. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value






45. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






46. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed






47. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






48. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases






49. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo






50. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data