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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Displays the 5-number summary as a central box with whiskers that extend to the non-outlying data values






2. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen






3. Uses adjacent bars to show the distribution of vales in a quantitative variable; each bar represents the frequency (or relative frequency) of values falling in an interval of values






4. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'






5. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small






6. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter






7. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value






8. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods






9. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes






10. Displays data that change over time






11. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short






12. Design Randomization occurring within blocks






13. The number of individuals in a sample






14. A positive ____ or association means that - in general - as one variable increases - so does the other; when increases in one variable generally correspond to decreases in the other - the association is negative






15. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random






16. A sample that consists of the entire population






17. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value






18. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area






19. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment






20. Distributions with two modes






21. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median






22. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion






23. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






24. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table






25. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions






26. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean






27. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection






28. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded






29. The experimental units assigned to a baseline treatment level - typically either the default treatment - which is well understood - or a null - placebo treatment






30. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases






31. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases






32. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it






33. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






34. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0






35. The difference between the first and third quartiles






36. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in






37. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable






38. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y






39. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond






40. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






41. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality






42. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread






43. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population






44. The square root of the variance






45. An individual result of a component of a simulation






46. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population






47. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages

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48. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition






49. Distributions with more than two modes






50. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line