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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population






2. Distributions with more than two modes






3. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum






4. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y






5. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame






6. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it






7. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other






8. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population






9. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes






10. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population






11. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data






12. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value






13. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation






14. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set






15. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it






16. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection






17. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






18. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below






19. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units






20. Anything in a survey design that influences response






21. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value






22. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area






23. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






24. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median






25. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in






26. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____






27. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable






28. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small






29. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category






30. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition






31. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table






32. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short






33. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels






34. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association






35. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context






36. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams






37. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units






38. An individual about whom or which we have data






39. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters






40. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded






41. The square root of the variance






42. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range






43. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion






44. The ____ we care about most is straight






45. Individuals on whom an experiment is performed






46. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond






47. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






48. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available






49. A positive ____ or association means that - in general - as one variable increases - so does the other; when increases in one variable generally correspond to decreases in the other - the association is negative






50. The difference between the first and third quartiles