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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one






2. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population






3. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






4. The difference between the first and third quartiles






5. Value calculated from data to summarize aspects of the data






6. Displays the 5-number summary as a central box with whiskers that extend to the non-outlying data values






7. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median






8. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count






9. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random






10. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place






11. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set






12. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____






13. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table






14. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable






15. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






16. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters






17. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value






18. Displays data that change over time






19. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups






20. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area






21. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it






22. Distributions with more than two modes






23. Multiplying each data value by a constant multiplies both the measures of position and the measures of spread by that constant






24. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond






25. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____






26. Anything in a survey design that influences response






27. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y






28. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages

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29. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one






30. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other






31. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions






32. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population






33. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment






34. An individual result of a component of a simulation






35. The ____ we care about most is straight






36. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes






37. A positive ____ or association means that - in general - as one variable increases - so does the other; when increases in one variable generally correspond to decreases in the other - the association is negative






38. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded






39. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean






40. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams






41. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels






42. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set






43. Summarized with the mean or the median






44. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






45. A representative subset of a population - examined in hope of learning about the population






46. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen






47. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data






48. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two






49. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded






50. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion