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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The specific values that the experimenter chooses for a factor






2. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






3. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related






4. This criterion specifies the unique line that minimizes the variance of the residuals or - equivalently - the sum of the squared residuals






5. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short






6. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value






7. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped






8. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






9. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods






10. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population






11. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these






12. An individual result of a component of a simulation






13. In a retrospective or prospective study Subjects who are similar in ways not under study may be ____ and then compared with each other on the variables of interest






14. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0






15. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context






16. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'






17. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value






18. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo






19. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in






20. Anything in a survey design that influences response






21. The difference between the first and third quartiles






22. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range






23. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value






24. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter






25. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions






26. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded






27. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values






28. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable






29. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum






30. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count






31. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed






32. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area






33. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two






34. Design Randomization occurring within blocks






35. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments






36. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ






37. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population






38. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y






39. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other






40. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place






41. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






42. Distributions with more than two modes






43. Adding a constant to each data value adds the same constant to the mean - the median - and the quartiles - but does not change the standard deviation or IQR






44. The square root of the variance






45. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association






46. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value






47. Value calculated from data to summarize aspects of the data






48. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random






49. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set






50. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units