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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related






2. Individuals on whom an experiment is performed






3. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






4. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters






5. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population






6. A variable that names categories (whether with words or numerals)






7. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






8. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these






9. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ






10. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available






11. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data






12. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value






13. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality






14. A representative subset of a population - examined in hope of learning about the population






15. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






16. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter






17. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases






18. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1






19. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread






20. Extreme values that don't appear to belong with the rest of the data






21. The best defense against bias - in which each individual is given a fair - random chance of selection






22. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area






23. Displays data that change over time






24. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units






25. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value






26. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded






27. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____






28. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels






29. This criterion specifies the unique line that minimizes the variance of the residuals or - equivalently - the sum of the squared residuals






30. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population






31. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes






32. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one






33. Control - randomize - replicate - block






34. Although linear models provide an easy way to predict values of y for a given value of x - it is unsafe to predict for values of x far from the ones used to find the linear model equation; predictions should not be trusted






35. Anything in a survey design that influences response






36. The most basic situation in a simulation in which something happens at random






37. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum






38. Distributions with more than two modes






39. In a retrospective or prospective study Subjects who are similar in ways not under study may be ____ and then compared with each other on the variables of interest






40. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category






41. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed






42. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context






43. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x






44. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set






45. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random






46. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods






47. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped






48. Numerically valued attribute of a model






49. Graphs a dot for each case against a single axis






50. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values







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