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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y






2. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn






3. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions






4. This criterion specifies the unique line that minimizes the variance of the residuals or - equivalently - the sum of the squared residuals






5. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one






6. Distributions with more than two modes






7. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1






8. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one






9. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded






10. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units






11. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category






12. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small






13. An individual result of a component of a simulation






14. The most basic situation in a simulation in which something happens at random






15. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment






16. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category






17. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related






18. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random






19. An individual about whom or which we have data






20. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units






21. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






22. Numerically valued attribute of a model






23. The number of individuals in a sample






24. Control - randomize - replicate - block






25. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range






26. A point that does not fit the overall pattern seen in the scatterplot






27. A distribution that's roughly flat






28. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'






29. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments






30. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean






31. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place






32. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short






33. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values






34. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases






35. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median






36. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random






37. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value






38. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases






39. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped






40. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x






41. In a retrospective or prospective study Subjects who are similar in ways not under study may be ____ and then compared with each other on the variables of interest






42. Multiplying each data value by a constant multiplies both the measures of position and the measures of spread by that constant






43. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages


44. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen






45. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table






46. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these






47. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it






48. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value






49. The best defense against bias - in which each individual is given a fair - random chance of selection






50. Distributions with two modes