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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population
distribution
matching
standard normal model
bimodal
2. Distributions with more than two modes
leverage
linear model
multimodal
experimental units
3. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum
stratified random sample
variable
5-number summary
mean
4. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y
confounded
undercoverage
multistage sample
slope
5. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame
parameter
systematic sample
matching
representative
6. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it
interquartile range
simulation
comparing distributions
quartile
7. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other
independence
5-number summary
pie chart
variable
8. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population
independence
completely randomized design
population parameter
shape
9. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes
randomization
principles of experimental design
prospective study
bias
10. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population
distribution
sample survey
percentile
observational study
11. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data
regression to the mean
distribution
nonresponse bias
subset
12. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value
variable
prospective study
distribution
outcome
13. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation
timeplot
standardized value
simulation component
interquartile range
14. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set
re-express data
categorical variable
control group
standardizing
15. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it
outliers
stratified random sample
quantitative variable
median
16. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection
outlier
quantitative variable
simple random sample
normal percentile
17. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals
cluster sample
conditional distribution
response
simpson's paradox
18. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below
simple random sample
outlier
normal percentile
standardizing
19. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units
undercoverage
cluster sample
changing center and spread
treatment
20. Anything in a survey design that influences response
population parameter
strength
representative
response bias
21. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value
single-blind
residuals
response bias
unimodal
22. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area
placebo
area principle
outlier
histogram
23. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage
ladder of powers
population parameter
outlier
center
24. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median
outliers
normal percentile
spread
5-number summary
25. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in
influential point
prospective study
boxplot
response variable
26. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____
cluster sample
bias
factor
outcome
27. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable
center
linear model
center
data table
28. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small
matched
convenience sample
leverage
variance
29. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category
median
pie chart
placebo effect
stratified random sample
30. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition
response
normal probability plot
context
dotplot
31. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table
multistage sample
stratified random sample
stem-and-leaf display
marginal distribution
32. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short
dotplot
frequency table
tails
area principle
33. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels
experiment
symmetric
distribution
leverage
34. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association
spread
nonresponse bias
correlation
prospective study
35. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context
randomized block
5-number summary
data
re-express data
36. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams
bimodal
units
slope
blinding
37. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units
quantitative variable
distribution
slope
undercoverage
38. An individual about whom or which we have data
random
mean
linear model
case
39. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters
representative
linear model
systematic sample
confounded
40. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded
correlation
single-blind
sample survey
stratified random sample
41. The square root of the variance
data
standard deviation
spread
standard normal model
42. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range
simulation
frequency table
outlier
spread
43. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion
bimodal
regression line
residuals
level
44. The ____ we care about most is straight
influential point
outcome
form
least squares
45. Individuals on whom an experiment is performed
experimental units
blinding
outlier
center
46. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond
dotplot
contingency table
response variable
nonresponse bias
47. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data
strength
stem-and-leaf display
experiment
ladder of powers
48. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available
least squares
convenience sample
uniform
skewed
49. A positive ____ or association means that - in general - as one variable increases - so does the other; when increases in one variable generally correspond to decreases in the other - the association is negative
completely randomized design
variance
units
direction
50. The difference between the first and third quartiles
interquartile range
completely randomized design
random
matching