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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below






2. Uses adjacent bars to show the distribution of vales in a quantitative variable; each bar represents the frequency (or relative frequency) of values falling in an interval of values






3. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these






4. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x






5. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded






6. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






7. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes






8. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond






9. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation






10. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






11. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two






12. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded






13. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population






14. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line






15. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






16. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions






17. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages

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18. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed






19. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other






20. The experimental units assigned to a baseline treatment level - typically either the default treatment - which is well understood - or a null - placebo treatment






21. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition






22. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread






23. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean






24. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum






25. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo






26. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable






27. A variable that names categories (whether with words or numerals)






28. Graphs a dot for each case against a single axis






29. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality






30. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments






31. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods






32. Displays data that change over time






33. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame






34. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category






35. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population






36. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined






37. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ






38. The best defense against bias - in which each individual is given a fair - random chance of selection






39. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions






40. The ____ we care about most is straight






41. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value






42. The square root of the variance






43. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in






44. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population






45. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one






46. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






47. An individual result of a component of a simulation






48. The most basic situation in a simulation in which something happens at random






49. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median






50. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped