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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population






2. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random






3. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data






4. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion






5. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions






6. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other






7. A representative subset of a population - examined in hope of learning about the population






8. Displays data that change over time






9. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded






10. An individual result of a component of a simulation






11. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value






12. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random






13. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn






14. Multiplying each data value by a constant multiplies both the measures of position and the measures of spread by that constant






15. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0






16. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






17. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean






18. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum






19. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes






20. Value calculated from data to summarize aspects of the data






21. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small






22. Distributions with two modes






23. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame






24. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x






25. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed






26. The specific values that the experimenter chooses for a factor






27. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






28. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined






29. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related






30. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line






31. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one






32. Bias introduced to a sample when individuals can choose on their own whether to participate in the sample






33. Uses adjacent bars to show the distribution of vales in a quantitative variable; each bar represents the frequency (or relative frequency) of values falling in an interval of values






34. An individual about whom or which we have data






35. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other






36. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters






37. A variable that names categories (whether with words or numerals)






38. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population






39. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association






40. The ____ we care about most is straight






41. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed






42. The square root of the variance






43. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment






44. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable






45. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population






46. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen






47. Although linear models provide an easy way to predict values of y for a given value of x - it is unsafe to predict for values of x far from the ones used to find the linear model equation; predictions should not be trusted






48. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






49. This criterion specifies the unique line that minimizes the variance of the residuals or - equivalently - the sum of the squared residuals






50. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data