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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small
normal model
leverage
extrapolation
randomization
2. Graphs a dot for each case against a single axis
dotplot
nonresponse bias
case
multimodal
3. Uses adjacent bars to show the distribution of vales in a quantitative variable; each bar represents the frequency (or relative frequency) of values falling in an interval of values
case
changing center and spread
tails
histogram
4. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes
standardizing
data
z-score
68-95-99.7 rule
5. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category
percentile
frequency table
spread
slope
6. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1
standard normal model
response variable
matched
sample survey
7. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed
context
systematic sample
sample size
center
8. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams
block
skewed
units
population parameter
9. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion
statistically significant
outcome
regression line
response variable
10. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values
shifting
simulation
random numbers
68-95-99.7 rule
11. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value
residuals
distribution
bimodal
experimental units
12. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x
comparing distributions
tails
linear model
outlier
13. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place
unimodal
trial
median
single-blind
14. Extreme values that don't appear to belong with the rest of the data
outliers
prospective study
stem-and-leaf display
interquartile range
15. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments
response
form
double-blind
center
16. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population
form
percentile
spread
undercoverage
17. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean
boxplot
retrospective study
regression to the mean
histogram
18. An individual about whom or which we have data
comparing distributions
outcome
case
matching
19. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages
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20. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame
response bias
systematic sample
cluster sample
completely randomized design
21. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined
single-blind
skewed
response bias
retrospective study
22. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population
population parameter
independence
trial
matching
23. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters
representative
shape
center
dotplot
24. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals
single-blind
population parameter
blinding
conditional distribution
25. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units
5-number summary
changing center and spread
response variable
standardized value
26. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data
randomized block
simple random sample
linear model
percentile
27. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'
extrapolation
spread
single-blind
correlation
28. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed
census
bar chart
observational study
placebo
29. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes
conditional distribution
undercoverage
variable
prospective study
30. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one
variance
conditional distribution
z-score
sample survey
31. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category
leverage
unimodal
frequency table
pie chart
32. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality
changing center and spread
outliers
model
bias
33. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y
contingency table
slope
standardized value
standardizing
34. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other
random
symmetric
confounded
convenience sample
35. Summarized with the mean or the median
uniform
population parameter
center
convenience sample
36. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions
bimodal
placebo
sample size
shape
37. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship
simple random sample
control group
strength
scatterplots
38. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below
normal percentile
random numbers
median
form
39. Distributions with two modes
representative
spread
population parameter
bimodal
40. The number of individuals in a sample
variable
direction
re-express data
sample size
41. Value calculated from data to summarize aspects of the data
treatment
pie chart
sample size
statistic
42. This criterion specifies the unique line that minimizes the variance of the residuals or - equivalently - the sum of the squared residuals
matched
regression line
least squares
spread
43. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter
regression to the mean
nonresponse bias
factor
5-number summary
44. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random
re-express data
cluster sample
model
leverage
45. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population
5-number summary
population parameter
double-blind
residuals
46. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread
sampling frame
influential point
comparing distributions
context
47. In a retrospective or prospective study Subjects who are similar in ways not under study may be ____ and then compared with each other on the variables of interest
histogram
blinding
matched
experimental units
48. The difference between the first and third quartiles
multistage sample
census
interquartile range
outliers
49. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____
sample survey
spread
influential point
area principle
50. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable
bar chart
convenience sample
observational study
parameter