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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
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Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Distributions with two modes
sampling frame
bimodal
skewed
simple random sample
2. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available
level
sample survey
convenience sample
random numbers
3. Summarized with the mean or the median
frequency table
multimodal
population parameter
center
4. Design Randomization occurring within blocks
changing center and spread
intercept
randomized block
confounded
5. The number of individuals in a sample
multistage sample
leverage
observational study
sample size
6. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value
68-95-99.7 rule
blinding
residuals
unimodal
7. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals
representative
case
retrospective study
conditional distribution
8. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random
spread
random assignment
population parameter
data table
9. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data
stem-and-leaf display
level
bar chart
context
10. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean
data table
68-95-99.7 rule
cluster sample
blinding
11. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value
center
direction
sample
multimodal
12. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it
level
quartile
5-number summary
variable
13. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed
undercoverage
observational study
comparing distributions
simpson's paradox
14. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn
bar chart
sampling frame
parameter
bimodal
15. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped
z-score
unimodal
sample survey
observational study
16. Numerically valued attribute of a model
units
symmetric
random numbers
parameter
17. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment
5-number summary
response
linear model
completely randomized design
18. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0
placebo
completely randomized design
outlier
intercept
19. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels
experiment
sample
frequency table
r2
20. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these
block
outlier
population parameter
response variable
21. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population
matching
model
sample
standard deviation
22. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median
conditional distribution
5-number summary
cluster sample
distribution
23. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed
bimodal
standard deviation
frequency table
mode
24. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y
lurking variable
outlier
model
slope
25. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes
experiment
block
prospective study
re-express data
26. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean
population
contingency table
principles of experimental design
regression to the mean
27. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population
extrapolation
slope
undercoverage
z-score
28. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range
random numbers
spread
extrapolation
rescaling
29. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn
context
standardized value
tails
population
30. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other
undercoverage
spread
trial
independence
31. Displays data that change over time
sample survey
timeplot
dotplot
outcome
32. An individual about whom or which we have data
case
direction
simulation
pie chart
33. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ
trial
simulation component
r2
sampling variability
34. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage
matched
slope
outlier
z-score
35. The square root of the variance
outcome
standard deviation
residuals
unimodal
36. The ____ we care about most is straight
block
area principle
form
linear model
37. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases
multimodal
outlier
variable
quantitative variable
38. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship
strength
stem-and-leaf display
symmetric
sampling variability
39. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in
sample size
response variable
spread
histogram
40. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other
histogram
normal percentile
symmetric
shape
41. A representative subset of a population - examined in hope of learning about the population
principles of experimental design
outlier
sample
model
42. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen
randomization
random
rescaling
confounded
43. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable
model
data table
statistic
confounded
44. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count
random assignment
bias
mean
distribution
45. A positive ____ or association means that - in general - as one variable increases - so does the other; when increases in one variable generally correspond to decreases in the other - the association is negative
statistically significant
case
bias
direction
46. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion
regression line
factor
subset
statistic
47. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data
marginal distribution
bar chart
tails
subset
48. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions
stratified random sample
68-95-99.7 rule
placebo
changing center and spread
49. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded
voluntary response bias
categorical variable
double-blind
stratified random sample
50. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____
spread
mode
changing center and spread
influential point
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