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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages

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2. Graphs a dot for each case against a single axis






3. A positive ____ or association means that - in general - as one variable increases - so does the other; when increases in one variable generally correspond to decreases in the other - the association is negative






4. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined






5. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo






6. Summarized with the mean or the median






7. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams






8. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x






9. An individual about whom or which we have data






10. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






11. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area






12. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population






13. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups






14. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded






15. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line






16. Adding a constant to each data value adds the same constant to the mean - the median - and the quartiles - but does not change the standard deviation or IQR






17. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____






18. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data






19. A distribution that's roughly flat






20. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped






21. An individual result of a component of a simulation






22. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available






23. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition






24. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y






25. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value






26. The square root of the variance






27. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one






28. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random






29. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two






30. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place






31. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded






32. The specific values that the experimenter chooses for a factor






33. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






34. Displays data that change over time






35. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions






36. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set






37. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'






38. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame






39. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population






40. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion






41. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum






42. When an observed difference is too large for us to believe that is is likely to have occurred naturally






43. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread






44. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set






45. Value calculated from data to summarize aspects of the data






46. A point that does not fit the overall pattern seen in the scatterplot






47. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range






48. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






49. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed






50. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category