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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value






2. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship






3. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below






4. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these






5. Although linear models provide an easy way to predict values of y for a given value of x - it is unsafe to predict for values of x far from the ones used to find the linear model equation; predictions should not be trusted






6. Value calculated from data to summarize aspects of the data






7. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods






8. To describe this aspect of a distribution - look for single vs. multiple modes - and symmetry vs. skewness






9. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams






10. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






11. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x






12. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____






13. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random






14. Graphs a dot for each case against a single axis






15. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one






16. Adding a constant to each data value adds the same constant to the mean - the median - and the quartiles - but does not change the standard deviation or IQR






17. Displays counts and - sometimes - percentages of individuals falling into named categories on two or more variables; categorizes the individuals on all variables at once - to reveal possible patterns in one variable that may be contingent on the cate






18. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed






19. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter






20. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality






21. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0






22. In a retrospective or prospective study Subjects who are similar in ways not under study may be ____ and then compared with each other on the variables of interest






23. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






24. A display to help assess whether a distribution of data is approximately normal; if it is nearly straight - the data satisfy the nearly normal condition






25. Distributions with two modes






26. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean






27. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small






28. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment






29. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






30. Uses adjacent bars to show the distribution of vales in a quantitative variable; each bar represents the frequency (or relative frequency) of values falling in an interval of values






31. An individual about whom or which we have data






32. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population






33. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category






34. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases






35. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population






36. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values






37. Displays the 5-number summary as a central box with whiskers that extend to the non-outlying data values






38. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments






39. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






40. A sample that consists of the entire population






41. Numerically valued attribute of a model






42. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions






43. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place






44. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set






45. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median






46. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short






47. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels






48. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters






49. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one






50. Control - randomize - replicate - block