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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Displays the 5-number summary as a central box with whiskers that extend to the non-outlying data values






2. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection






3. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments






4. A distribution that's roughly flat






5. The most basic situation in a simulation in which something happens at random






6. Although linear models provide an easy way to predict values of y for a given value of x - it is unsafe to predict for values of x far from the ones used to find the linear model equation; predictions should not be trusted






7. Distributions with two modes






8. The difference between the first and third quartiles






9. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these






10. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn






11. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases






12. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y






13. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion






14. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






15. Anything in a survey design that influences response






16. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value






17. Design Randomization occurring within blocks






18. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set






19. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed






20. This criterion specifies the unique line that minimizes the variance of the residuals or - equivalently - the sum of the squared residuals






21. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions






22. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data






23. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place






24. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean






25. Displays counts and - sometimes - percentages of individuals falling into named categories on two or more variables; categorizes the individuals on all variables at once - to reveal possible patterns in one variable that may be contingent on the cate






26. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two






27. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small






28. Displays data that change over time






29. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set






30. The number of individuals in a sample






31. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean






32. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages

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33. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels






34. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn






35. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area






36. When the levels of one factor are associated with the levels of another factor so their effects cannot be separated






37. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable






38. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes






39. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped






40. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo






41. A variable that names categories (whether with words or numerals)






42. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other






43. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x






44. A representative subset of a population - examined in hope of learning about the population






45. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ






46. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment






47. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in






48. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it






49. Multiplying each data value by a constant multiplies both the measures of position and the measures of spread by that constant






50. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed