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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Multiplying each data value by a constant multiplies both the measures of position and the measures of spread by that constant






2. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






3. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases






4. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random






5. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases






6. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread






7. Uses adjacent bars to show the distribution of vales in a quantitative variable; each bar represents the frequency (or relative frequency) of values falling in an interval of values






8. The number of individuals in a sample






9. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'






10. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter






11. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean






12. Control - randomize - replicate - block






13. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line






14. Individuals on whom an experiment is performed






15. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data






16. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment






17. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set






18. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median






19. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups






20. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters






21. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short






22. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it






23. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams






24. The difference between the first and third quartiles






25. A sample that consists of the entire population






26. A representative subset of a population - examined in hope of learning about the population






27. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen






28. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






29. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one






30. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y






31. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages

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32. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other






33. An individual about whom or which we have data






34. A positive ____ or association means that - in general - as one variable increases - so does the other; when increases in one variable generally correspond to decreases in the other - the association is negative






35. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two






36. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






37. A point that does not fit the overall pattern seen in the scatterplot






38. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame






39. The most basic situation in a simulation in which something happens at random






40. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined






41. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods






42. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x






43. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes






44. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data






45. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units






46. A distribution that's roughly flat






47. Distributions with two modes






48. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value






49. To describe this aspect of a distribution - look for single vs. multiple modes - and symmetry vs. skewness






50. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x