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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed






2. The number of individuals in a sample






3. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population






4. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these






5. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation






6. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean






7. The square of the correlation between y and x; gives the fraction of the variability of y accounted for by the least squares linear regression on x; an overall measure of how successful the regression is in linearly relating y to x






8. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data






9. Displays counts and - sometimes - percentages of individuals falling into named categories on two or more variables; categorizes the individuals on all variables at once - to reveal possible patterns in one variable that may be contingent on the cate






10. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn






11. A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement - such as dollars - hours - or grams






12. To describe this aspect of a distribution - look for single vs. multiple modes - and symmetry vs. skewness






13. A variable that names categories (whether with words or numerals)






14. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one






15. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






16. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data






17. Shows how a 'whole' divides into categories by showing a wedge of a circle whose area corresponds to the proportion in each category






18. Design Randomization occurring within blocks






19. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value






20. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum






21. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






22. Multiplying each data value by a constant multiplies both the measures of position and the measures of spread by that constant






23. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y






24. Distributions with two modes






25. Adding a constant to each data value adds the same constant to the mean - the median - and the quartiles - but does not change the standard deviation or IQR






26. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population






27. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population






28. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area






29. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection






30. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one






31. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x






32. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame






33. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population






34. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined






35. When an observed difference is too large for us to believe that is is likely to have occurred naturally






36. Numerically valued attribute of a model






37. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






38. The square root of the variance






39. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random






40. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






41. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count






42. The ____ we care about most is straight






43. Useful family of models for unimodal - symmetric distributions






44. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other






45. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it






46. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two






47. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data






48. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes






49. Displays the 5-number summary as a central box with whiskers that extend to the non-outlying data values






50. Value calculated from data to summarize aspects of the data