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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context
standardizing
lurking variable
mode
data
2. Displays data that change over time
level
timeplot
uniform
residuals
3. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data
bimodal
mean
subset
changing center and spread
4. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association
influential point
correlation
simpson's paradox
retrospective study
5. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place
skewed
bar chart
trial
cluster sample
6. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters
representative
cluster sample
least squares
center
7. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed
simpson's paradox
sample size
mode
sampling variability
8. Summarized with the mean or the median
center
sample
matched
direction
9. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0
sample
experiment
intercept
re-express data
10. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn
random assignment
nonresponse bias
retrospective study
population
11. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality
convenience sample
model
parameter
least squares
12. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population
treatment
normal probability plot
undercoverage
control group
13. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median
distribution
5-number summary
histogram
changing center and spread
14. A sample that consists of the entire population
census
variable
voluntary response bias
completely randomized design
15. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data
random numbers
stem-and-leaf display
sample survey
slope
16. The square root of the variance
sampling frame
outcome
standard deviation
bias
17. The experimental units assigned to a baseline treatment level - typically either the default treatment - which is well understood - or a null - placebo treatment
boxplot
response variable
matching
control group
18. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame
histogram
influential point
systematic sample
simple random sample
19. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data
ladder of powers
independence
changing center and spread
center
20. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation
standardized value
sample size
5-number summary
completely randomized design
21. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area
leverage
observational study
dotplot
area principle
22. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals
lurking variable
bias
conditional distribution
skewed
23. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model
blinding
sampling variability
simulation
linear model
24. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels
marginal distribution
experiment
timeplot
observational study
25. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed
sampling variability
context
range
confounded
26. When an observed difference is too large for us to believe that is is likely to have occurred naturally
cluster sample
independence
bimodal
statistically significant
27. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups
z-score
nonresponse bias
blinding
standardizing
28. Graphs a dot for each case against a single axis
dotplot
intercept
completely randomized design
parameter
29. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection
mode
simple random sample
population parameter
interquartile range
30. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage
timeplot
least squares
units
outlier
31. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined
unimodal
retrospective study
skewed
undercoverage
32. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped
unimodal
census
comparing distributions
simpson's paradox
33. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed
observational study
undercoverage
marginal distribution
outlier
34. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units
random
quantitative variable
form
center
35. A positive ____ or association means that - in general - as one variable increases - so does the other; when increases in one variable generally correspond to decreases in the other - the association is negative
block
random numbers
direction
standardized value
36. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases
data table
scatterplots
distribution
response variable
37. Control - randomize - replicate - block
outlier
mode
principles of experimental design
normal model
38. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in
extrapolation
experiment
units
response variable
39. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related
observational study
re-express data
response variable
lurking variable
40. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one
variance
multistage sample
simpson's paradox
unimodal
41. The linear equation y-hat = b0 + b1x that satisfies the least squares criterion
regression line
undercoverage
control group
outlier
42. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line
completely randomized design
response variable
predicted value
variance
43. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table
range
marginal distribution
rescaling
correlation
44. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units
pie chart
randomization
timeplot
changing center and spread
45. Extreme values that don't appear to belong with the rest of the data
nonresponse bias
standardized value
contingency table
outliers
46. The number of individuals in a sample
sampling frame
context
sample size
response variable
47. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ
sampling variability
factor
block
representative
48. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units
categorical variable
treatment
simple random sample
conditional distribution
49. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes
representative
prospective study
interquartile range
area principle
50. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one
z-score
model
stem-and-leaf display
uniform