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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
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Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean; have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one
z-score
uniform
placebo
standardized value
2. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo
normal model
placebo effect
form
rescaling
3. Multiplying each data value by a constant multiplies both the measures of position and the measures of spread by that constant
mode
sampling variability
rescaling
block
4. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame
variance
observational study
context
systematic sample
5. A sample is this if the statistics computed from it accurately reflect the corresponding population parameters
distribution
representative
tails
multistage sample
6. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value
contingency table
distribution
changing center and spread
z-score
7. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes
standardizing
response variable
randomization
distribution
8. The number of individuals in a sample
simulation
sample size
sampling frame
spread
9. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment
blinding
randomization
completely randomized design
cluster sample
10. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population
matched
normal probability plot
undercoverage
trial
11. A variable that names categories (whether with words or numerals)
changing center and spread
standard normal model
uniform
categorical variable
12. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0
intercept
lurking variable
random
contingency table
13. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in
response variable
influential point
simulation
correlation
14. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units
standard normal model
treatment
form
timeplot
15. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter
units
factor
sampling variability
distribution
16. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals
blinding
data table
conditional distribution
marginal distribution
17. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small
regression line
observational study
case
leverage
18. Uses adjacent bars to show the distribution of vales in a quantitative variable; each bar represents the frequency (or relative frequency) of values falling in an interval of values
control group
histogram
percentile
sampling frame
19. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value
distribution
shape
statistic
random numbers
20. A representative subset of a population - examined in hope of learning about the population
direction
sample
influential point
median
21. Summarized with the mean or the median
center
normal model
symmetric
percentile
22. A distribution that's roughly flat
uniform
placebo
response bias
statistically significant
23. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random
undercoverage
random numbers
simple random sample
cluster sample
24. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line
scatterplots
mean
predicted value
shifting
25. A sample that consists of the entire population
census
timeplot
lurking variable
observational study
26. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases
multimodal
standard normal model
histogram
scatterplots
27. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y
strength
slope
percentile
standard deviation
28. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context
normal percentile
placebo effect
data
simpson's paradox
29. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean
outliers
68-95-99.7 rule
response variable
convenience sample
30. Bias introduced to a sample when individuals can choose on their own whether to participate in the sample
voluntary response bias
correlation
contingency table
experiment
31. Value calculated from data to summarize aspects of the data
standardizing
population parameter
statistic
regression line
32. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values
spread
treatment
sampling frame
random numbers
33. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value
matching
residuals
lurking variable
strength
34. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation
slope
percentile
cluster sample
standardized value
35. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread
median
matched
slope
comparing distributions
36. Graphs a dot for each case against a single axis
dotplot
lurking variable
rescaling
contingency table
37. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen
multistage sample
linear model
random
normal probability plot
38. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one
voluntary response bias
sample survey
multistage sample
variance
39. Distributions with more than two modes
scatterplots
symmetric
multimodal
voluntary response bias
40. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods
case
level
multistage sample
simpson's paradox
41. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value
block
data table
statistic
center
42. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model
simulation
quantitative variable
spread
level
43. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality
slope
census
simpson's paradox
model
44. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these
re-express data
model
block
lurking variable
45. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range
statistic
stratified random sample
spread
randomization
46. Adding a constant to each data value adds the same constant to the mean - the median - and the quartiles - but does not change the standard deviation or IQR
multimodal
factor
shifting
bar chart
47. An individual about whom or which we have data
random numbers
case
trial
intercept
48. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short
multistage sample
tails
lurking variable
matched
49. When the levels of one factor are associated with the levels of another factor so their effects cannot be separated
conditional distribution
variable
leverage
confounded
50. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable
correlation
simulation component
data table
linear model
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