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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
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Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection
completely randomized design
random assignment
standard normal model
simple random sample
2. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value
response variable
nonresponse bias
principles of experimental design
distribution
3. When omitting a point from the data results in a very different regression model - the point is an ____
residuals
normal percentile
influential point
contingency table
4. The ____ we care about most is straight
systematic sample
placebo
uniform
form
5. A sample that consists of the entire population
multimodal
outliers
census
sampling frame
6. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values
random numbers
center
model
spread
7. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation
mode
statistically significant
standardized value
5-number summary
8. Distributions with two modes
response variable
bimodal
representative
influential point
9. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean
voluntary response bias
extrapolation
68-95-99.7 rule
symmetric
10. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units
level
quantitative variable
direction
mean
11. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals
slope
conditional distribution
independence
percentile
12. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded
single-blind
scatterplots
double-blind
trial
13. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area
area principle
census
outliers
contingency table
14. The specific values that the experimenter chooses for a factor
5-number summary
prospective study
level
factor
15. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn
standardized value
rescaling
regression line
sampling frame
16. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set
distribution
re-express data
confounded
sampling variability
17. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in
response variable
undercoverage
normal model
retrospective study
18. A value that attempts the impossible by summarizing the entire distribution with a single number - a 'typical' value
center
quartile
regression line
regression to the mean
19. A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the 'center'
normal percentile
r2
bar chart
spread
20. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other
population parameter
5-number summary
independence
matching
21. The difference between the lowest and highest values in a data set
strength
subset
residuals
range
22. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable
statistically significant
histogram
form
bar chart
23. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes
response variable
systematic sample
percentile
standardizing
24. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value
tails
voluntary response bias
distribution
independence
25. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data
conditional distribution
multistage sample
experimental units
stem-and-leaf display
26. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population
undercoverage
bar chart
level
boxplot
27. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range
tails
standard normal model
variable
spread
28. To describe this aspect of a distribution - look for single vs. multiple modes - and symmetry vs. skewness
uniform
timeplot
residuals
shape
29. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random
marginal distribution
conditional distribution
cluster sample
principles of experimental design
30. An equation of the form y-hat = b0 + b1x
predicted value
spread
linear model
re-express data
31. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped
census
normal probability plot
unimodal
conditional distribution
32. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined
retrospective study
double-blind
extrapolation
stratified random sample
33. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed
interquartile range
outlier
ladder of powers
observational study
34. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random
convenience sample
least squares
random assignment
regression to the mean
35. Extreme values that don't appear to belong with the rest of the data
boxplot
influential point
shape
outliers
36. Bias introduced to a sample when individuals can choose on their own whether to participate in the sample
matching
correlation
voluntary response bias
sample size
37. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it
block
quartile
regression line
center
38. Design Randomization occurring within blocks
control group
direction
randomized block
conditional distribution
39. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other
block
normal probability plot
response bias
symmetric
40. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context
observational study
spread
data
least squares
41. The sequence of several components representing events that we are pretending will take place
trial
response
sample
simple random sample
42. Anything in a survey design that influences response
tails
sampling variability
response bias
histogram
43. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median
5-number summary
direction
prospective study
boxplot
44. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed
population
randomized block
normal probability plot
mode
45. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y
observational study
slope
response bias
block
46. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0
mode
nonresponse bias
intercept
outcome
47. Control - randomize - replicate - block
outliers
principles of experimental design
statistic
area principle
48. Ideally tells who was measured - what was measured - how the data were collected - where the data were collected - and when and why the study was performed
histogram
response bias
units
context
49. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data
spread
changing center and spread
percentile
histogram
50. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable
simulation
undercoverage
outlier
data table
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