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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Values of this record the results of each trial with respect to what we were interested in
mean
response variable
skewed
experimental units
2. An equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality
outlier
model
symmetric
block
3. A sampling design in which the population is divided into several subpopulations - and random samples are then drawn from each stratum
stratified random sample
distribution
center
center
4. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed
area principle
mode
dotplot
observational study
5. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases
scatterplots
parameter
conditional distribution
mean
6. Gives the possible values of the variable and the frequency or relative frequency of each value
normal percentile
response variable
marginal distribution
distribution
7. An individual result of a component of a simulation
uniform
variable
outcome
shape
8. Each predicted y-hat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its mean
regression to the mean
census
randomization
stratified random sample
9. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship
nonresponse bias
scatterplots
observational study
strength
10. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short
sample survey
slope
bimodal
tails
11. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn
population
strength
sample size
stem-and-leaf display
12. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other
outliers
independence
observational study
sampling frame
13. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units
intercept
percentile
prospective study
quantitative variable
14. A sample that consists of the entire population
model
stem-and-leaf display
random assignment
census
15. Found by summing all the data values and dividing by the count
mean
shape
influential point
sampling variability
16. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range
sample size
spread
nonresponse bias
placebo effect
17. Having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped
retrospective study
unimodal
z-score
mode
18. Design Randomization occurring within blocks
randomized block
retrospective study
parameter
quartile
19. Bias introduced to a sample when individuals can choose on their own whether to participate in the sample
shape
voluntary response bias
center
uniform
20. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection
distribution
median
sample size
simple random sample
21. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available
least squares
standard normal model
distribution
convenience sample
22. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame
5-number summary
changing center and spread
systematic sample
statistic
23. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units
predicted value
normal percentile
sample size
treatment
24. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table
frequency table
marginal distribution
bias
experimental units
25. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these
sampling frame
block
spread
normal percentile
26. The specific values that the experimenter chooses for a factor
simulation component
correlation
scatterplots
level
27. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo
lurking variable
area principle
outlier
placebo effect
28. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data
statistic
subset
conditional distribution
principles of experimental design
29. A point that does not fit the overall pattern seen in the scatterplot
random assignment
data
outlier
uniform
30. Displays the 5-number summary as a central box with whiskers that extend to the non-outlying data values
variance
boxplot
form
extrapolation
31. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other
symmetric
sample
regression line
population parameter
32. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context
scatterplots
unimodal
population parameter
data
33. When an observed difference is too large for us to believe that is is likely to have occurred naturally
lurking variable
statistically significant
context
response bias
34. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below
cluster sample
normal percentile
strength
convenience sample
35. Numerically valued attribute of a model
5-number summary
range
form
parameter
36. The experimental units assigned to a baseline treatment level - typically either the default treatment - which is well understood - or a null - placebo treatment
units
distribution
control group
bias
37. When the levels of one factor are associated with the levels of another factor so their effects cannot be separated
mode
center
confounded
strength
38. The number of individuals in a sample
conditional distribution
correlation
sample size
changing center and spread
39. The square root of the variance
placebo
slope
standard deviation
census
40. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases
variable
scatterplots
standard normal model
regression line
41. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population
histogram
outcome
undercoverage
multimodal
42. Bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond
placebo
simulation
nonresponse bias
subset
43. A variable whose values are compared across different treatments
trial
population
nonresponse bias
response
44. In a retrospective or prospective study Subjects who are similar in ways not under study may be ____ and then compared with each other on the variables of interest
matched
randomization
standardized value
comparing distributions
45. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ
correlation
sampling variability
normal probability plot
sample
46. An individual about whom or which we have data
standard normal model
least squares
contingency table
case
47. Control - randomize - replicate - block
principles of experimental design
timeplot
normal probability plot
outcome
48. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen
sample size
variable
subset
random
49. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random
influential point
categorical variable
multimodal
random assignment
50. The best defense against bias - in which each individual is given a fair - random chance of selection
data
randomization
random numbers
simulation