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Test your basic knowledge |
AP Statistics Vocab
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
statistics
,
ap
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context
regression to the mean
random assignment
bias
data
2. The number of individuals in a sample
sample size
influential point
range
center
3. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded
multistage sample
blinding
single-blind
distribution
4. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other
sample size
skewed
mean
re-express data
5. Places in order the effects that many re-expressions have on the data
skewed
ladder of powers
sampling variability
conditional distribution
6. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0
intercept
direction
stratified random sample
outlier
7. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____
census
bias
nonresponse bias
regression to the mean
8. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined
retrospective study
nonresponse bias
context
symmetric
9. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage
unimodal
outlier
factor
undercoverage
10. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection
standard normal model
representative
skewed
simple random sample
11. Consists of the minimum and maximum - the quartiles Q1 and Q3 - and the median
matching
5-number summary
tails
standard deviation
12. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable
case
matched
variance
data table
13. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread
comparing distributions
parameter
bar chart
context
14. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean
unimodal
confounded
block
68-95-99.7 rule
15. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units
treatment
cluster sample
block
symmetric
16. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it
sampling variability
quartile
outcome
bias
17. Found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation; they're the values on the fitted line
parameter
intercept
residuals
predicted value
18. The best defense against bias - in which each individual is given a fair - random chance of selection
randomization
pie chart
treatment
changing center and spread
19. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded
distribution
residuals
double-blind
random
20. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area
simple random sample
area principle
matching
predicted value
21. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short
tails
representative
response bias
units
22. The sum of squared deviations from the mean - divided by the count minus one
normal probability plot
regression to the mean
statistic
variance
23. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value
standardizing
voluntary response bias
experimental units
distribution
24. Design Randomization occurring within blocks
census
randomized block
simulation component
sample
25. A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables - accounting for the correlation between the two
strength
lurking variable
symmetric
normal model
26. A numerical measure of the direction and strength of a linear association
confounded
categorical variable
correlation
scatterplots
27. This corresponding to a z-score gives the percentage of values in a standard normal distribution found at that z-score or below
uniform
pie chart
normal percentile
census
28. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other
blinding
independence
standard deviation
lurking variable
29. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable
bar chart
variance
regression to the mean
simulation
30. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table
outliers
subset
marginal distribution
quantitative variable
31. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data
simpson's paradox
percentile
quartile
case
32. Distributions with two modes
statistic
bimodal
placebo effect
independence
33. Sampling schemes that combine several sampling methods
scatterplots
multistage sample
mean
standardizing
34. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category
form
principles of experimental design
subset
frequency table
35. Numerically valued attribute of a model
distribution
trial
parameter
histogram
36. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available
matching
timeplot
interquartile range
convenience sample
37. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter
skewed
random
factor
z-score
38. A distribution is this if the two halves on either side of the center look approximately like mirror images of each other
prospective study
symmetric
dotplot
data table
39. An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes
prospective study
experiment
single-blind
placebo
40. Value calculated from data to summarize aspects of the data
statistic
placebo effect
direction
5-number summary
41. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages
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42. Manipulates factor levels to create treatments - randomly assigns subjects to these treatment levels - and then compares the responses of the subject groups across treatment levels
timeplot
experiment
experimental units
categorical variable
43. If data consist of two or more groups that have been thrown together - it is usually best to fit different linear models to each group than to try to fit a single model to all of the data
leverage
scatterplots
comparing distributions
subset
44. Bias introduced to a sample when individuals can choose on their own whether to participate in the sample
lurking variable
voluntary response bias
tails
placebo
45. Graphs a dot for each case against a single axis
symmetric
voluntary response bias
intercept
dotplot
46. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases
trial
standardizing
scatterplots
standard normal model
47. To describe this aspect of a distribution - look for single vs. multiple modes - and symmetry vs. skewness
shape
distribution
intercept
convenience sample
48. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes
independence
timeplot
distribution
standardizing
49. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population
ladder of powers
sample survey
systematic sample
distribution
50. A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed
mode
completely randomized design
observational study
multimodal