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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable






2. The differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model; ____ = observed value - predicted value






3. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






4. An event is this if we know what outcomes could happen - but not which particular values will happen






5. To be valid - an experiment must assign experimental units to treatment groups at random






6. A scatterplot shows an association that is this if there is little scatter around the underlying relationship






7. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread






8. A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values; always has units






9. All experimental units have an equal chance of receiving any treatment






10. The specific values that the experimenter chooses for a factor






11. Bias introduced to a sample when individuals can choose on their own whether to participate in the sample






12. A treatment known to have no effect - administered so that all groups experience the same conditions






13. The most basic situation in a simulation in which something happens at random






14. The process - intervention - or other controlled circumstance applied to randomly assigned experimental units






15. Any systematic failure of a sampling method to represent its population; common errors are voluntary response - undercoverage - nonresponse ____ - and response ____






16. In a statistical display - each data value should be represented by the same amount of area






17. A distribution that's roughly flat






18. A sampling scheme that biases the sample in a way that gives a part of the population less representation than it has in the population






19. Variables are said to be this if the conditional distribution of one variable is the same for each category of the other






20. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population






21. Systematically recorded information - whether numbers or labels - together with its context






22. Distributions with two modes






23. The middle value with half of the data above and half below it






24. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter






25. Shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the same cases






26. Numerically valued attribute of a model






27. When averages are taken across different groups - they can appear to contradict the overall averages

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28. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups






29. The square root of the variance






30. Consists of the individuals who are conveniently available






31. Design Randomization occurring within blocks






32. Gives a value in 'y-units per x-unit'; changes of one unit in x are associated with changes of b1 units in predicted values of y






33. Value calculated from data to summarize aspects of the data






34. When either those who could influence or evaluate the results is blinded






35. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn






36. The number of individuals in a sample






37. When an observed difference is too large for us to believe that is is likely to have occurred naturally






38. The natural tendency of randomly drawn samples to differ






39. Control - randomize - replicate - block






40. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units






41. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values






42. This - b0 - gives a starting value in y-units; it's the y-hat-value when x is 0






43. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame






44. A hump or local high point in the shape of the distribution of a variable; the apparent locations of these can change as the scale of a histogram is changed






45. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn






46. Adding a constant to each data value adds the same constant to the mean - the median - and the quartiles - but does not change the standard deviation or IQR






47. A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random






48. Gives the possible values of the variable and the relative frequency of each value






49. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






50. Any attempt to force a sample to resemble specified attributes of the population