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AP Statistics Vocab

Subjects : statistics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Shows a bar representing the count of each category in a categorical variable






2. Lists the categories in a categorical variable and gives the count or percentage of observations for each category






3. Any data point that stands away from the others; can be extraordinary by having a large residual or by having high leverage






4. Extreme values that don't appear to belong with the rest of the data






5. The difference between the first and third quartiles






6. A study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population






7. We do this by taking the logarithm - the square root - the reciprocal - or some other mathematical operation on all values in the data set






8. Shows quantitative data values in a way that sketches the distribution of the data






9. The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn






10. An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined






11. When groups of experimental units are similar - it is a good idea to gather them together into these






12. Adding a constant to each data value adds the same constant to the mean - the median - and the quartiles - but does not change the standard deviation or IQR






13. Displays data that change over time






14. Anything in a survey design that influences response






15. This of sample size n is one in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection






16. A sample that consists of the entire population






17. The experimental units assigned to a baseline treatment level - typically either the default treatment - which is well understood - or a null - placebo treatment






18. Models random events by using random numbers to specify event outcomes with relative frequencies that correspond to the true real-world relative frequencies we are trying to model






19. A sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame






20. The distribution of either variable alone in a contingency table; the counts or percentages are the totals found in the margins (last row or column) of the table






21. Value found by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation






22. An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable






23. The tendency of many human subjects (often 20% or more of experiment subjects) to show a response even when administered a placebo






24. A variable that is not explicitly part of a model but affects the way the variables in the model appear to be related






25. Any individual associated with an experiment who is not aware of how subjects have been allocated to treatment groups






26. Doing this is equivalent to changing its units






27. Data points whose x-values are far from the mean of x are said to exert ____ on a linear model; with high enough ____ - residuals can appear to be deceptively small






28. The parts of a distribution that typically trail off on either side; they can be characterized as long or short






29. Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases






30. The distribution of a variable restricting the who to consider only a smaller group of individuals






31. An individual result of a component of a simulation






32. A normal model with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1






33. Design Randomization occurring within blocks






34. A list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn






35. The best defense against bias - in which each individual is given a fair - random chance of selection






36. A variable that names categories (whether with words or numerals)






37. When both those who could influence and evaluate the results are blinded






38. The lower of this is the value with a quarter of the data below it; the upper of this has a quarter of the data above it






39. In a normal model - about 68% of values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean - about 95% fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean - and about 99.7% fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean






40. Uses adjacent bars to show the distribution of vales in a quantitative variable; each bar represents the frequency (or relative frequency) of values falling in an interval of values






41. To describe this aspect of a distribution - look for single vs. multiple modes - and symmetry vs. skewness






42. The ____ we care about most is straight






43. When doing this - consider their shape - center - and spread






44. Summarized with the standard deviation - interquartile range - and range






45. A distribution is this if it's not symmetric and one tail stretches out farther than the other






46. The ith ___ is the number that falls above i% of the data






47. These are hard to generate - but several websites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely random values






48. A variable whose levels are controlled by the experimenter






49. Done to eliminate units; values can be compared and combined even if the original variables had different units and magnitudes






50. A numerically valued attribute of a model for a population