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Behavioral Neuroscience

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Central structures of the brain - including the hindbrain - midbrain - thalamus - and hypothalamus - responsible for most unconscious behavior.






2. Condition in which a person can display some rudimentary behaviors - such as smiling - or utter a few words but is otherwise not conscious.






3. One of a set of 12 nerve pairs that control sensory and motor functions of the head - neck - and internal organs.






4. Cortex that functions in connection with hearing - language - and musical abilities and lies below the lateral fissure - beneath the temporal bone at the side of the lobe.






5. Neurosurgery in which electrodes implanted in the brain stimulate a targeted area with a low-voltage electrical current to facilitate behavior.






6. Process in which maturation is delayed - and so an adult retains infant characteristics; idea derived from the observation that newly evolved species resemble the young of their common ancestors.






7. Areas of the nervous system composed predominantly of cell bodies and blood vessels that function either to collect and modify information or to support this activity.






8. Of the mind; an explanation of behavior as a function of the nonmaterial mind.






9. Subcortical forebrain nuclei that coordinate voluntary movements of the limbs and body; connected to the thalamus and to the midbrain.






10. Hypothesis that the movements that we make and those that we perceive in others are essential features of our conscious behavior.






11. Literally - half a sphere - referring to one side of the cerebral cortex or of one side of the cerebellum.






12. Diencephalon structure through which information from all sensory systems is integrated and projected into the appropriate region of the neocortex.






13. Evolutionarily the oldest part of the brain; contains pons - medulla - reticular formation - and cerebellum structures that coordinate and control most voluntary and involuntary movements.






14. Body plan in which organs or parts present on both sides of the body are mirror images in appearance.






15. Division into a number of parts that are similar; refers to the idea that many animals - including vertebrates - are composed of similarly organized body segments.






16. Animal that has both a brain and a spinal cord.






17. Roof (area above the ventricle) of the midbrain; its functions are sensory processing - particular visual and auditory - and the production of orienting movements.






18. Area of the skin supplied with afferent nerve fibers by a single spinal-cord dorsal root.






19. Simple nervous system that has no brain or spinal cord but consists of neurons that receive sensory information and connect directly to other neurons that move muscles.






20. Disparate forebrain structures lying between the neocortex and the brainstem that form a functional system controlling affective and motivated behaviors and certain forms of memory; includes cingulate cortex - amygdala - hippocampus - among other str






21. Large collection of axons coursing together outside of the central nervous system.






22. Fiber system connecting the two cerebral hemispheres to provide a route for direct communication between them.






23. Behavior that is characteristic of all members of a species.






24. Conducting toward a central nervous system structure.






25. Learned behaviors that are passed on from on generation to the next through teaching and experience.






26. Group of organisms that can interbreed.






27. Forbearer from which two or more lineages or family groups arise and so is ancestral to both groups.






28. Increase in the activity of a neuron or brain area.






29. Part of the PNS that includes the cranial and spinal nerves to and from the muscles - joints - and skin that produce movement - transmit incoming sensory input - and inform the CNS about the position and movement of body parts.






30. Collection of nerve cells that function somewhat like a brain.






31. Large collection of axons coursing together within the central nervous system.






32. Areas of the nervous system rich in fat-sheathed neural axons that form the connections between brain cells.






33. Surgical removal of a cerebral hemisphere.






34. Disorder of the motor system correlated with a loss of dopamine in the brain an characterized by tremors - muscular rigidity - and a reduction in voluntary movement.

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35. Floor (area below the ventricle) of the midbrain; a collection of nuclei with movement-related - species-specific - and pain-perception functions.






36. The bones - or segments - that form the spinal column.






37. A groove in brain matter - usually a groove found in the neocortex or cerebellum.






38. Newest - outer layer (new bark) of the forebrain and composed of about six layers of gray matter that creates or reality.






39. Outer layer of brain-tissue surface composed of neurons; the human cerebral cortex is heavily folded.






40. Evolutionarily the newest part of the brain; coordinates advanced cognitive functions such as thinking - planning - and language; contains the limbic system - basal ganglia - and the neocortex.






41. Cerebral cortex where visual processing begins - lying at the back of the brain ad beneath the occipital bone.






42. Part of the autonomic nervous system; arouses the body for action - such as mediating the involuntary fight-or-flight response to alarm by increasing hear rate and blood pressure.






43. Conducting away from the central nervous system structure.






44. Cerebral Cortex that functions to direct movements toward a goal or to perform a task - such as grasping an object - lying posterior to the central sulcus and beneath the parietal bone at the top of the skull.






45. The 'between brain' that integrates sensory and motor information on its way to the cerebral cortex.






46. Movement related to sensory inputs - such as turning the head to see the source of a sound.






47. A group of cells forming a cluster that can be identified with special stains to form a functional grouping.






48. Sudden appearance of neurological symptom as a result of severe interruption of blood flow.






49. The general principle that sensory fibers are located dorsally and motors fibers are located ventrally.






50. Synonym for mind - an entity once proposed to be the source of human behavior.