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Behavioral Neuroscience

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Central structures of the brain - including the hindbrain - midbrain - thalamus - and hypothalamus - responsible for most unconscious behavior.






2. Conducting toward a central nervous system structure.






3. Large collection of axons coursing together outside of the central nervous system.






4. Process in which maturation is delayed - and so an adult retains infant characteristics; idea derived from the observation that newly evolved species resemble the young of their common ancestors.






5. A specialized 'nerve cell' engaged in information processing.






6. Newest - outer layer (new bark) of the forebrain and composed of about six layers of gray matter that creates or reality.






7. A groove in brain matter - usually a groove found in the neocortex or cerebellum.






8. General term referring to primates that walk upright - including all forms of humans - living and extinct.






9. Roof (area above the ventricle) of the midbrain; its functions are sensory processing - particular visual and auditory - and the production of orienting movements.






10. Division into a number of parts that are similar; refers to the idea that many animals - including vertebrates - are composed of similarly organized body segments.






11. A small protrusion or bump formed by the folding of the cerebral cortex.






12. Outer layer of brain-tissue surface composed of neurons; the human cerebral cortex is heavily folded.






13. That holds that both a nonmaterial mind and the material body contribute to behavior.






14. Quandary of explaining a nonmaterial mind in command of a material body.






15. Wound to the brain that results from a blow to the head..






16. Proposed nonmaterial entity responsible for intelligence - attention - awareness and consciousness.






17. Diencephalon structure through which information from all sensory systems is integrated and projected into the appropriate region of the neocortex.






18. Diencephalon structure through which information from all sensory systems is integrated into the appropriate region of the neocortex.






19. Three layers of protective tissue - dura mater - arachnoid - and pia mater - that encase the brain and spinal cord.






20. The 'between brain' that integrates sensory and motor information on its way to the cerebral cortex.






21. Forbearer from which two or more lineages or family groups arise and so is ancestral to both groups.






22. Midbrain area in which nuclei and fiber pathways are mixed - producing a netlike appearance; associated with sleep-wake behavior and behavioral arousal.






23. One of a set of 12 nerve pairs that control sensory and motor functions of the head - neck - and internal organs.






24. The brain and spinal cord that together mediate behavior.






25. Neurosurgery in which electrodes implanted in the brain stimulate a targeted area with a low-voltage electrical current to facilitate behavior.






26. Harry Jerison's quantitative measure of brain size obtained from the ratio of actual brain size to expected brain size - according to the principle of proper mass - for an animal of a particular body size.






27. Evolutionarily the oldest part of the brain; contains pons - medulla - reticular formation - and cerebellum structures that coordinate and control most voluntary and involuntary movements.






28. Disorder of the motor system correlated with a loss of dopamine in the brain an characterized by tremors - muscular rigidity - and a reduction in voluntary movement.

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29. Surgical removal of a cerebral hemisphere.






30. Central part of the brain that contains neural circuits for hearing and seeing as well as orienting movements.






31. Subcortical forebrain nuclei that coordinate voluntary movements of the limbs and body; connected to the thalamus and to the midbrain.






32. Floor (area below the ventricle) of the midbrain; a collection of nuclei with movement-related - species-specific - and pain-perception functions.






33. Idea that selection for improved brain cooling through increased blood circulation in the brains of early hominids enabled the brain to grow larger.






34. Approved experiment directed toward developing a treatment.






35. Literally - half a sphere - referring to one side of the cerebral cortex or of one side of the cerebellum.






36. Philosophical position that holds that behavior can be explained as a function of the nervous system without explanatory recourse to the mind.






37. Cortex that functions in connection with hearing - language - and musical abilities and lies below the lateral fissure - beneath the temporal bone at the side of the lobe.






38. Conducting away from the central nervous system structure.






39. Condition in which a person can display some rudimentary behaviors - such as smiling - or utter a few words but is otherwise not conscious.






40. Decrease in the activity of a neuron or brain area.






41. Large collection of axons coursing together within the central nervous system.






42. Simple nervous system that has no brain or spinal cord but consists of neurons that receive sensory information and connect directly to other neurons that move muscles.






43. Part of the PNS that regulates the functioning of internal organs and glands.






44. Area of the skin supplied with afferent nerve fibers by a single spinal-cord dorsal root.






45. Of the mind; an explanation of behavior as a function of the nonmaterial mind.






46. Evolutionarily the newest part of the brain; coordinates advanced cognitive functions such as thinking - planning - and language; contains the limbic system - basal ganglia - and the neocortex.






47. Part of the PNS that includes the cranial and spinal nerves to and from the muscles - joints - and skin that produce movement - transmit incoming sensory input - and inform the CNS about the position and movement of body parts.






48. A group of cells forming a cluster that can be identified with special stains to form a functional grouping.






49. Part of the autonomic nervous system; arouses the body for action - such as mediating the involuntary fight-or-flight response to alarm by increasing hear rate and blood pressure.






50. Condition in which a person is alive but unable to communicate or to function independently at even the most basic level.