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Behavioral Neuroscience

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Disparate forebrain structures lying between the neocortex and the brainstem that form a functional system controlling affective and motivated behaviors and certain forms of memory; includes cingulate cortex - amygdala - hippocampus - among other str






2. A group of cells forming a cluster that can be identified with special stains to form a functional grouping.






3. Process in which maturation is delayed - and so an adult retains infant characteristics; idea derived from the observation that newly evolved species resemble the young of their common ancestors.






4. Learned behaviors that are passed on from on generation to the next through teaching and experience.






5. Outer layer of brain-tissue surface composed of neurons; the human cerebral cortex is heavily folded.






6. Part of the autonomic nervous system; acts in opposition to the sympathetic division- for example - preparing the body to rest and digest by reversing the alarm response or stimulating digestion.






7. Approved experiment directed toward developing a treatment.






8. Areas of the nervous system rich in fat-sheathed neural axons that form the connections between brain cells.






9. Central part of the brain that contains neural circuits for hearing and seeing as well as orienting movements.






10. Roof (area above the ventricle) of the midbrain; its functions are sensory processing - particular visual and auditory - and the production of orienting movements.






11. Simple nervous system that has no brain or spinal cord but consists of neurons that receive sensory information and connect directly to other neurons that move muscles.






12. Literally - half a sphere - referring to one side of the cerebral cortex or of one side of the cerebellum.






13. Conducting toward a central nervous system structure.






14. Major structure of the forebrain - consisting of two virtually identical hemispheres (left and right) and responsible for most conscious behavior.






15. Evolutionarily the newest part of the brain; coordinates advanced cognitive functions such as thinking - planning - and language; contains the limbic system - basal ganglia - and the neocortex.






16. Proposed nonmaterial entity responsible for intelligence - attention - awareness and consciousness.






17. Body plan in which organs or parts present on both sides of the body are mirror images in appearance.






18. Darwin's theory for explaining how new species evolve and how existing species change over time. Differential success in the reproduction of different characteristics (phenotypes) results from the interaction of organisms with their environment.






19. Subcortical forebrain nuclei that coordinate voluntary movements of the limbs and body; connected to the thalamus and to the midbrain.






20. Disorder of the motor system correlated with a loss of dopamine in the brain an characterized by tremors - muscular rigidity - and a reduction in voluntary movement.

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21. Philosophical position that holds that behavior can be explained as a function of the nervous system without explanatory recourse to the mind.






22. Large collection of axons coursing together outside of the central nervous system.






23. The general principle that sensory fibers are located dorsally and motors fibers are located ventrally.






24. Areas of the nervous system composed predominantly of cell bodies and blood vessels that function either to collect and modify information or to support this activity.






25. All the neurons in the body located outside the brain and the spinal cord; provides sensory and motor connections to and from the CNS






26. Neurosurgery in which electrodes implanted in the brain stimulate a targeted area with a low-voltage electrical current to facilitate behavior.






27. Clear solution of sodium chloride and other salts that fills the ventricles inside the brain and circulates around the brain and spinal cord beneath the arachnoid layer in the subarachnoid space.






28. Map of the neocortex based on the organization - structure - and distribution of the cells.






29. Increase in the activity of a neuron or brain area.






30. Disorder of the basal ganglia characterized by tics; involuntary vocalizations (including curse words and animal sounds); and odd - involuntary movements of the body; especially of the face and head.

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31. The 'between brain' that integrates sensory and motor information on its way to the cerebral cortex.






32. Animal that has both a brain and a spinal cord.






33. General term referring to primates that walk upright - including all forms of humans - living and extinct.






34. Harry Jerison's quantitative measure of brain size obtained from the ratio of actual brain size to expected brain size - according to the principle of proper mass - for an animal of a particular body size.






35. Part of the PNS that regulates the functioning of internal organs and glands.






36. Surgical removal of a cerebral hemisphere.






37. Wound to the brain that results from a blow to the head..






38. The nervous system's potential for physical or chemical change that enhances its adaptability to environmental change and its ability to compensate for injury.






39. That holds that both a nonmaterial mind and the material body contribute to behavior.






40. Synonym for mind - an entity once proposed to be the source of human behavior.






41. Collection of nerve cells that function somewhat like a brain.






42. Evolutionarily the oldest part of the brain; contains pons - medulla - reticular formation - and cerebellum structures that coordinate and control most voluntary and involuntary movements.






43. Sudden appearance of neurological symptom as a result of severe interruption of blood flow.






44. Floor (area below the ventricle) of the midbrain; a collection of nuclei with movement-related - species-specific - and pain-perception functions.






45. Large collection of axons coursing together within the central nervous system.






46. Group of organisms that can interbreed.






47. Condition in which a person is alive but unable to communicate or to function independently at even the most basic level.






48. Major structure of the brainstem specialized for coordinating and learning skilled movements. In large-brained animals - it may also have a role in the coordination of other mental processes.






49. Cerebral Cortex that functions to direct movements toward a goal or to perform a task - such as grasping an object - lying posterior to the central sulcus and beneath the parietal bone at the top of the skull.






50. The bones - or segments - that form the spinal column.