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Behavioral Neuroscience

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Behavior that is characteristic of all members of a species.






2. Areas of the nervous system rich in fat-sheathed neural axons that form the connections between brain cells.






3. Part of the autonomic nervous system; acts in opposition to the sympathetic division- for example - preparing the body to rest and digest by reversing the alarm response or stimulating digestion.






4. Evolutionarily the newest part of the brain; coordinates advanced cognitive functions such as thinking - planning - and language; contains the limbic system - basal ganglia - and the neocortex.






5. That holds that both a nonmaterial mind and the material body contribute to behavior.






6. Disparate forebrain structures lying between the neocortex and the brainstem that form a functional system controlling affective and motivated behaviors and certain forms of memory; includes cingulate cortex - amygdala - hippocampus - among other str






7. Darwin's theory for explaining how new species evolve and how existing species change over time. Differential success in the reproduction of different characteristics (phenotypes) results from the interaction of organisms with their environment.






8. Condition in which a person can display some rudimentary behaviors - such as smiling - or utter a few words but is otherwise not conscious.






9. Of the mind; an explanation of behavior as a function of the nonmaterial mind.






10. Quandary of explaining a nonmaterial mind in command of a material body.






11. Proposed nonmaterial entity responsible for intelligence - attention - awareness and consciousness.






12. Central structures of the brain - including the hindbrain - midbrain - thalamus - and hypothalamus - responsible for most unconscious behavior.






13. Phylogenetic tree that branches repeatedly - suggesting a taxonomy of organisms based on the time sequence in which evolutionary branches arise.






14. Major structure of the forebrain - consisting of two virtually identical hemispheres (left and right) and responsible for most conscious behavior.






15. Part of the PNS that regulates the functioning of internal organs and glands.






16. Floor (area below the ventricle) of the midbrain; a collection of nuclei with movement-related - species-specific - and pain-perception functions.






17. A group of cells forming a cluster that can be identified with special stains to form a functional grouping.






18. Movement related to sensory inputs - such as turning the head to see the source of a sound.






19. Idea that selection for improved brain cooling through increased blood circulation in the brains of early hominids enabled the brain to grow larger.






20. Philosophical position that holds that behavior can be explained as a function of the nervous system without explanatory recourse to the mind.






21. Collection of nerve cells that function somewhat like a brain.






22. Wound to the brain that results from a blow to the head..






23. Part of the central nervous system encased within the vertebrae (spinal column) tat provides most of the connections between the brain and the rest of the body.






24. Condition in which a person is alive but unable to communicate or to function independently at even the most basic level.






25. Forbearer from which two or more lineages or family groups arise and so is ancestral to both groups.






26. Neurosurgery in which electrodes implanted in the brain stimulate a targeted area with a low-voltage electrical current to facilitate behavior.






27. The bones - or segments - that form the spinal column.






28. Degenerative brain disorder related to aging that first appears as progressive memory loss and later develops into generalized dementia.

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29. Outer layer of brain-tissue surface composed of neurons; the human cerebral cortex is heavily folded.






30. Large collection of axons coursing together within the central nervous system.






31. All the neurons in the body located outside the brain and the spinal cord; provides sensory and motor connections to and from the CNS






32. Three layers of protective tissue - dura mater - arachnoid - and pia mater - that encase the brain and spinal cord.






33. Diencephalon structure through which information from all sensory systems is integrated into the appropriate region of the neocortex.






34. The 'between brain' that integrates sensory and motor information on its way to the cerebral cortex.






35. Cerebral cortex where visual processing begins - lying at the back of the brain ad beneath the occipital bone.






36. Group of organisms that can interbreed.






37. Animal that has both a brain and a spinal cord.






38. Body plan in which organs or parts present on both sides of the body are mirror images in appearance.






39. Increase in the activity of a neuron or brain area.






40. Cerebral Cortex often generally characterized as performing the brain's 'executive' functions - such as decision making - lying anterior to the central sulcus and beneath the frontal bone of the skull.






41. A specialized 'nerve cell' engaged in information processing.






42. Simple nervous system that has no brain or spinal cord but consists of neurons that receive sensory information and connect directly to other neurons that move muscles.






43. Central part of the brain that contains neural circuits for hearing and seeing as well as orienting movements.






44. Roof (area above the ventricle) of the midbrain; its functions are sensory processing - particular visual and auditory - and the production of orienting movements.






45. Sudden appearance of neurological symptom as a result of severe interruption of blood flow.






46. Part of the autonomic nervous system; arouses the body for action - such as mediating the involuntary fight-or-flight response to alarm by increasing hear rate and blood pressure.






47. A groove in brain matter - usually a groove found in the neocortex or cerebellum.






48. Hypothesis that the movements that we make and those that we perceive in others are essential features of our conscious behavior.






49. Clear solution of sodium chloride and other salts that fills the ventricles inside the brain and circulates around the brain and spinal cord beneath the arachnoid layer in the subarachnoid space.






50. Cerebral Cortex that functions to direct movements toward a goal or to perform a task - such as grasping an object - lying posterior to the central sulcus and beneath the parietal bone at the top of the skull.