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Test your basic knowledge |
Behavioral Neuroscience
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Subject
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health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Map of the neocortex based on the organization - structure - and distribution of the cells.
Orienting movement
Hominid
Cytoarchitectonic map
Nerve
2. Simple nervous system that has no brain or spinal cord but consists of neurons that receive sensory information and connect directly to other neurons that move muscles.
Afferent
Nerve Set
Cytoarchitectonic map
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
3. That holds that both a nonmaterial mind and the material body contribute to behavior.
Dualism
Nerve
Natural Selection
Neuroplasticity
4. Approved experiment directed toward developing a treatment.
Clinical Trial
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
White Matter
Basal ganglia
5. Neurosurgery in which electrodes implanted in the brain stimulate a targeted area with a low-voltage electrical current to facilitate behavior.
Mind
Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS)
Tourettes's Syndrome
Spinal Cord
6. Condition in which a person is alive but unable to communicate or to function independently at even the most basic level.
Persistent Vegetative State (PVS)
Reticular Formation
Midbrain
Cerebellum
7. Increase in the activity of a neuron or brain area.
Species-typical behavior
Cerebrum
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
Excitation
8. Decrease in the activity of a neuron or brain area.
Law of Bell and Magendie
Parietal Lobe
Thalamus
Inhibition
9. Surgical removal of a cerebral hemisphere.
Hemispherectomy
Radiator Hypothesis
Materialism
Afferent
10. A groove in brain matter - usually a groove found in the neocortex or cerebellum.
Cytoarchitectonic map
Sulcus (Sulci)
Hominid
Species
11. Central structures of the brain - including the hindbrain - midbrain - thalamus - and hypothalamus - responsible for most unconscious behavior.
Cerebrum
Brainstem
Hypothalamus
Diencephalon
12. A small protrusion or bump formed by the folding of the cerebral cortex.
Somatic Nervous System (SNS)
Gyrus (Gyri)
Afferent
Tectum
13. Collection of nerve cells that function somewhat like a brain.
Bilateral Symmetry
Cerebellum
Ganglia
Embodied Consciousness
14. Disorder of the basal ganglia characterized by tics; involuntary vocalizations (including curse words and animal sounds); and odd - involuntary movements of the body; especially of the face and head.
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15. Proposed nonmaterial entity responsible for intelligence - attention - awareness and consciousness.
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
Limbic system
Mind
Persistent Vegetative State (PVS)
16. Literally - half a sphere - referring to one side of the cerebral cortex or of one side of the cerebellum.
Hemisphere
White Matter
Diencephalon
Parkinson's Disease
17. Quandary of explaining a nonmaterial mind in command of a material body.
Mind-Body Problem
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
Common Ancestor
Tectum
18. General term referring to primates that walk upright - including all forms of humans - living and extinct.
Cytoarchitectonic map
Hemispherectomy
Hominid
Hypothalamus
19. Part of the autonomic nervous system; arouses the body for action - such as mediating the involuntary fight-or-flight response to alarm by increasing hear rate and blood pressure.
Encephalization quotient
Tegmentum
Sympathetic Division
Limbic system
20. Large collection of axons coursing together outside of the central nervous system.
Nerve
Brainstem
Inhibition
Central Nervous System (CNS)
21. Central part of the brain that contains neural circuits for hearing and seeing as well as orienting movements.
Hemispherectomy
Parietal Lobe
Stroke
Midbrain
22. Learned behaviors that are passed on from on generation to the next through teaching and experience.
Culture
Basal ganglia
Dualism
Afferent
23. The nervous system's potential for physical or chemical change that enhances its adaptability to environmental change and its ability to compensate for injury.
Cerebral Cortex
Cladogram
Meninges
Neuroplasticity
24. Forbearer from which two or more lineages or family groups arise and so is ancestral to both groups.
Common Ancestor
Natural Selection
Tegmentum
Corpus Callosum
25. Sudden appearance of neurological symptom as a result of severe interruption of blood flow.
Efferent
Mind-Body Problem
Common Ancestor
Stroke
26. Animal that has both a brain and a spinal cord.
Forebrain
Excitation
Chordate
Midbrain
27. Part of the autonomic nervous system; acts in opposition to the sympathetic division- for example - preparing the body to rest and digest by reversing the alarm response or stimulating digestion.
Parasympathetic Division
Segmentation
Sulcus (Sulci)
Temporal Lobe
28. Subcortical forebrain nuclei that coordinate voluntary movements of the limbs and body; connected to the thalamus and to the midbrain.
Basal ganglia
Psyche
Ganglia
Excitation
29. Conducting away from the central nervous system structure.
Somatic Nervous System (SNS)
Cranial nerve
Efferent
Inhibition
30. Behavior that is characteristic of all members of a species.
Parasympathetic Division
Orienting movement
Species-typical behavior
Bilateral Symmetry
31. Newest - outer layer (new bark) of the forebrain and composed of about six layers of gray matter that creates or reality.
Cerebrum
Tract
Neocortex (cerebral cortex)
Alzheimer's Disease
32. Darwin's theory for explaining how new species evolve and how existing species change over time. Differential success in the reproduction of different characteristics (phenotypes) results from the interaction of organisms with their environment.
Cladogram
Natural Selection
Midbrain
Cranial nerve
33. Evolutionarily the oldest part of the brain; contains pons - medulla - reticular formation - and cerebellum structures that coordinate and control most voluntary and involuntary movements.
Dermatome
Hindbrain
Neuroplasticity
Nerve Set
34. The 'between brain' that integrates sensory and motor information on its way to the cerebral cortex.
Diencephalon
Radiator Hypothesis
Species
Afferent
35. Disorder of the motor system correlated with a loss of dopamine in the brain an characterized by tremors - muscular rigidity - and a reduction in voluntary movement.
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36. Floor (area below the ventricle) of the midbrain; a collection of nuclei with movement-related - species-specific - and pain-perception functions.
Cranial nerve
Limbic system
Psyche
Tegmentum
37. Part of the PNS that regulates the functioning of internal organs and glands.
Neuron
Forebrain
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
Efferent
38. Process in which maturation is delayed - and so an adult retains infant characteristics; idea derived from the observation that newly evolved species resemble the young of their common ancestors.
Clinical Trial
Radiator Hypothesis
Diencephalon
Neoteny
39. Part of the PNS that includes the cranial and spinal nerves to and from the muscles - joints - and skin that produce movement - transmit incoming sensory input - and inform the CNS about the position and movement of body parts.
Minimally Conscious State (MCS)
Neuron
Tectum
Somatic Nervous System (SNS)
40. Harry Jerison's quantitative measure of brain size obtained from the ratio of actual brain size to expected brain size - according to the principle of proper mass - for an animal of a particular body size.
Minimally Conscious State (MCS)
Encephalization quotient
Corpus Callosum
Vertebrae
41. Part of the central nervous system encased within the vertebrae (spinal column) tat provides most of the connections between the brain and the rest of the body.
Tegmentum
Occipital Lobe
Excitation
Spinal Cord
42. The bones - or segments - that form the spinal column.
Gray Matter
Vertebrae
Nucleus (Nuclei)
Occipital Lobe
43. Outer layer of brain-tissue surface composed of neurons; the human cerebral cortex is heavily folded.
Vertebrae
Neuroplasticity
Cerebral Cortex
Mind-Body Problem
44. Conducting toward a central nervous system structure.
Brainstem
Hominid
Hemisphere
Afferent
45. Major structure of the forebrain - consisting of two virtually identical hemispheres (left and right) and responsible for most conscious behavior.
Parietal Lobe
Persistent Vegetative State (PVS)
Dualism
Cerebrum
46. The general principle that sensory fibers are located dorsally and motors fibers are located ventrally.
Hypothalamus
Alzheimer's Disease
Law of Bell and Magendie
Cerebellum
47. Idea that selection for improved brain cooling through increased blood circulation in the brains of early hominids enabled the brain to grow larger.
Radiator Hypothesis
Mentalism
Sympathetic Division
Hypothalamus
48. All the neurons in the body located outside the brain and the spinal cord; provides sensory and motor connections to and from the CNS
Alzheimer's Disease
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Cytoarchitectonic map
Nucleus (Nuclei)
49. Phylogenetic tree that branches repeatedly - suggesting a taxonomy of organisms based on the time sequence in which evolutionary branches arise.
Dualism
Forebrain
Brainstem
Cladogram
50. Philosophical position that holds that behavior can be explained as a function of the nervous system without explanatory recourse to the mind.
Materialism
Tract
Spinal Cord
Basal ganglia
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