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Behavioral Neuroscience

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Evolutionarily the newest part of the brain; coordinates advanced cognitive functions such as thinking - planning - and language; contains the limbic system - basal ganglia - and the neocortex.






2. Literally - half a sphere - referring to one side of the cerebral cortex or of one side of the cerebellum.






3. Degenerative brain disorder related to aging that first appears as progressive memory loss and later develops into generalized dementia.

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4. Major structure of the brainstem specialized for coordinating and learning skilled movements. In large-brained animals - it may also have a role in the coordination of other mental processes.






5. The nervous system's potential for physical or chemical change that enhances its adaptability to environmental change and its ability to compensate for injury.






6. Part of the PNS that regulates the functioning of internal organs and glands.






7. The bones - or segments - that form the spinal column.






8. Diencephalon structure through which information from all sensory systems is integrated and projected into the appropriate region of the neocortex.






9. Condition in which a person is alive but unable to communicate or to function independently at even the most basic level.






10. Body plan in which organs or parts present on both sides of the body are mirror images in appearance.






11. Large collection of axons coursing together within the central nervous system.






12. Group of organisms that can interbreed.






13. Forbearer from which two or more lineages or family groups arise and so is ancestral to both groups.






14. Evolutionarily the oldest part of the brain; contains pons - medulla - reticular formation - and cerebellum structures that coordinate and control most voluntary and involuntary movements.






15. Cerebral cortex where visual processing begins - lying at the back of the brain ad beneath the occipital bone.






16. Cerebral Cortex that functions to direct movements toward a goal or to perform a task - such as grasping an object - lying posterior to the central sulcus and beneath the parietal bone at the top of the skull.






17. Condition in which a person can display some rudimentary behaviors - such as smiling - or utter a few words but is otherwise not conscious.






18. A specialized 'nerve cell' engaged in information processing.






19. Central structures of the brain - including the hindbrain - midbrain - thalamus - and hypothalamus - responsible for most unconscious behavior.






20. Simple nervous system that has no brain or spinal cord but consists of neurons that receive sensory information and connect directly to other neurons that move muscles.






21. Subcortical forebrain nuclei that coordinate voluntary movements of the limbs and body; connected to the thalamus and to the midbrain.






22. Roof (area above the ventricle) of the midbrain; its functions are sensory processing - particular visual and auditory - and the production of orienting movements.






23. Process in which maturation is delayed - and so an adult retains infant characteristics; idea derived from the observation that newly evolved species resemble the young of their common ancestors.






24. Part of the autonomic nervous system; acts in opposition to the sympathetic division- for example - preparing the body to rest and digest by reversing the alarm response or stimulating digestion.






25. Clear solution of sodium chloride and other salts that fills the ventricles inside the brain and circulates around the brain and spinal cord beneath the arachnoid layer in the subarachnoid space.






26. The brain and spinal cord that together mediate behavior.






27. Sudden appearance of neurological symptom as a result of severe interruption of blood flow.






28. Increase in the activity of a neuron or brain area.






29. Behavior that is characteristic of all members of a species.






30. Disorder of the basal ganglia characterized by tics; involuntary vocalizations (including curse words and animal sounds); and odd - involuntary movements of the body; especially of the face and head.

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31. Map of the neocortex based on the organization - structure - and distribution of the cells.






32. One of a set of 12 nerve pairs that control sensory and motor functions of the head - neck - and internal organs.






33. Phylogenetic tree that branches repeatedly - suggesting a taxonomy of organisms based on the time sequence in which evolutionary branches arise.






34. Wound to the brain that results from a blow to the head..






35. Area of the skin supplied with afferent nerve fibers by a single spinal-cord dorsal root.






36. Idea that selection for improved brain cooling through increased blood circulation in the brains of early hominids enabled the brain to grow larger.






37. Quandary of explaining a nonmaterial mind in command of a material body.






38. Philosophical position that holds that behavior can be explained as a function of the nervous system without explanatory recourse to the mind.






39. Midbrain area in which nuclei and fiber pathways are mixed - producing a netlike appearance; associated with sleep-wake behavior and behavioral arousal.






40. Areas of the nervous system rich in fat-sheathed neural axons that form the connections between brain cells.






41. Approved experiment directed toward developing a treatment.






42. One of four cavities in the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid that cushions the brain and may play a role in maintaining brain metabolism.






43. Decrease in the activity of a neuron or brain area.






44. Newest - outer layer (new bark) of the forebrain and composed of about six layers of gray matter that creates or reality.






45. A group of cells forming a cluster that can be identified with special stains to form a functional grouping.






46. Surgical removal of a cerebral hemisphere.






47. Collection of nerve cells that function somewhat like a brain.






48. Central part of the brain that contains neural circuits for hearing and seeing as well as orienting movements.






49. Animal that has both a brain and a spinal cord.






50. Harry Jerison's quantitative measure of brain size obtained from the ratio of actual brain size to expected brain size - according to the principle of proper mass - for an animal of a particular body size.