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Behavioral Neuroscience

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Disorder of the basal ganglia characterized by tics; involuntary vocalizations (including curse words and animal sounds); and odd - involuntary movements of the body; especially of the face and head.

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2. The general principle that sensory fibers are located dorsally and motors fibers are located ventrally.






3. Outer layer of brain-tissue surface composed of neurons; the human cerebral cortex is heavily folded.






4. A small protrusion or bump formed by the folding of the cerebral cortex.






5. Cerebral Cortex that functions to direct movements toward a goal or to perform a task - such as grasping an object - lying posterior to the central sulcus and beneath the parietal bone at the top of the skull.






6. Cortex that functions in connection with hearing - language - and musical abilities and lies below the lateral fissure - beneath the temporal bone at the side of the lobe.






7. Roof (area above the ventricle) of the midbrain; its functions are sensory processing - particular visual and auditory - and the production of orienting movements.






8. Major structure of the brainstem specialized for coordinating and learning skilled movements. In large-brained animals - it may also have a role in the coordination of other mental processes.






9. Degenerative brain disorder related to aging that first appears as progressive memory loss and later develops into generalized dementia.

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10. Proposed nonmaterial entity responsible for intelligence - attention - awareness and consciousness.






11. Area of the skin supplied with afferent nerve fibers by a single spinal-cord dorsal root.






12. A groove in brain matter - usually a groove found in the neocortex or cerebellum.






13. Fiber system connecting the two cerebral hemispheres to provide a route for direct communication between them.






14. Hypothesis that the movements that we make and those that we perceive in others are essential features of our conscious behavior.






15. Darwin's theory for explaining how new species evolve and how existing species change over time. Differential success in the reproduction of different characteristics (phenotypes) results from the interaction of organisms with their environment.






16. Map of the neocortex based on the organization - structure - and distribution of the cells.






17. Newest - outer layer (new bark) of the forebrain and composed of about six layers of gray matter that creates or reality.






18. Disparate forebrain structures lying between the neocortex and the brainstem that form a functional system controlling affective and motivated behaviors and certain forms of memory; includes cingulate cortex - amygdala - hippocampus - among other str






19. Forbearer from which two or more lineages or family groups arise and so is ancestral to both groups.






20. Surgical removal of a cerebral hemisphere.






21. Animal that has both a brain and a spinal cord.






22. Part of the PNS that includes the cranial and spinal nerves to and from the muscles - joints - and skin that produce movement - transmit incoming sensory input - and inform the CNS about the position and movement of body parts.






23. Evolutionarily the newest part of the brain; coordinates advanced cognitive functions such as thinking - planning - and language; contains the limbic system - basal ganglia - and the neocortex.






24. All the neurons in the body located outside the brain and the spinal cord; provides sensory and motor connections to and from the CNS






25. Cerebral Cortex often generally characterized as performing the brain's 'executive' functions - such as decision making - lying anterior to the central sulcus and beneath the frontal bone of the skull.






26. Clear solution of sodium chloride and other salts that fills the ventricles inside the brain and circulates around the brain and spinal cord beneath the arachnoid layer in the subarachnoid space.






27. Subcortical forebrain nuclei that coordinate voluntary movements of the limbs and body; connected to the thalamus and to the midbrain.






28. Part of the PNS that regulates the functioning of internal organs and glands.






29. Group of organisms that can interbreed.






30. Evolutionarily the oldest part of the brain; contains pons - medulla - reticular formation - and cerebellum structures that coordinate and control most voluntary and involuntary movements.






31. Literally - half a sphere - referring to one side of the cerebral cortex or of one side of the cerebellum.






32. Condition in which a person is alive but unable to communicate or to function independently at even the most basic level.






33. Large collection of axons coursing together within the central nervous system.






34. Disorder of the motor system correlated with a loss of dopamine in the brain an characterized by tremors - muscular rigidity - and a reduction in voluntary movement.

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35. Idea that selection for improved brain cooling through increased blood circulation in the brains of early hominids enabled the brain to grow larger.






36. Central structures of the brain - including the hindbrain - midbrain - thalamus - and hypothalamus - responsible for most unconscious behavior.






37. Learned behaviors that are passed on from on generation to the next through teaching and experience.






38. The bones - or segments - that form the spinal column.






39. Midbrain area in which nuclei and fiber pathways are mixed - producing a netlike appearance; associated with sleep-wake behavior and behavioral arousal.






40. Central part of the brain that contains neural circuits for hearing and seeing as well as orienting movements.






41. Decrease in the activity of a neuron or brain area.






42. Areas of the nervous system rich in fat-sheathed neural axons that form the connections between brain cells.






43. Approved experiment directed toward developing a treatment.






44. Diencephalon structure through which information from all sensory systems is integrated and projected into the appropriate region of the neocortex.






45. Large collection of axons coursing together outside of the central nervous system.






46. Areas of the nervous system composed predominantly of cell bodies and blood vessels that function either to collect and modify information or to support this activity.






47. Cerebral cortex where visual processing begins - lying at the back of the brain ad beneath the occipital bone.






48. The 'between brain' that integrates sensory and motor information on its way to the cerebral cortex.






49. Neurosurgery in which electrodes implanted in the brain stimulate a targeted area with a low-voltage electrical current to facilitate behavior.






50. Collection of nerve cells that function somewhat like a brain.