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Behavioral Neuroscience

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Cerebral Cortex that functions to direct movements toward a goal or to perform a task - such as grasping an object - lying posterior to the central sulcus and beneath the parietal bone at the top of the skull.






2. Disorder of the basal ganglia characterized by tics; involuntary vocalizations (including curse words and animal sounds); and odd - involuntary movements of the body; especially of the face and head.

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3. Part of the PNS that includes the cranial and spinal nerves to and from the muscles - joints - and skin that produce movement - transmit incoming sensory input - and inform the CNS about the position and movement of body parts.






4. Fiber system connecting the two cerebral hemispheres to provide a route for direct communication between them.






5. Evolutionarily the oldest part of the brain; contains pons - medulla - reticular formation - and cerebellum structures that coordinate and control most voluntary and involuntary movements.






6. Proposed nonmaterial entity responsible for intelligence - attention - awareness and consciousness.






7. Central structures of the brain - including the hindbrain - midbrain - thalamus - and hypothalamus - responsible for most unconscious behavior.






8. One of four cavities in the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid that cushions the brain and may play a role in maintaining brain metabolism.






9. Idea that selection for improved brain cooling through increased blood circulation in the brains of early hominids enabled the brain to grow larger.






10. Degenerative brain disorder related to aging that first appears as progressive memory loss and later develops into generalized dementia.

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11. Part of the autonomic nervous system; arouses the body for action - such as mediating the involuntary fight-or-flight response to alarm by increasing hear rate and blood pressure.






12. Clear solution of sodium chloride and other salts that fills the ventricles inside the brain and circulates around the brain and spinal cord beneath the arachnoid layer in the subarachnoid space.






13. Cerebral cortex where visual processing begins - lying at the back of the brain ad beneath the occipital bone.






14. Large collection of axons coursing together outside of the central nervous system.






15. Division into a number of parts that are similar; refers to the idea that many animals - including vertebrates - are composed of similarly organized body segments.






16. The nervous system's potential for physical or chemical change that enhances its adaptability to environmental change and its ability to compensate for injury.






17. Collection of nerve cells that function somewhat like a brain.






18. Area of the skin supplied with afferent nerve fibers by a single spinal-cord dorsal root.






19. Roof (area above the ventricle) of the midbrain; its functions are sensory processing - particular visual and auditory - and the production of orienting movements.






20. All the neurons in the body located outside the brain and the spinal cord; provides sensory and motor connections to and from the CNS






21. One of a set of 12 nerve pairs that control sensory and motor functions of the head - neck - and internal organs.






22. Part of the autonomic nervous system; acts in opposition to the sympathetic division- for example - preparing the body to rest and digest by reversing the alarm response or stimulating digestion.






23. Cerebral Cortex often generally characterized as performing the brain's 'executive' functions - such as decision making - lying anterior to the central sulcus and beneath the frontal bone of the skull.






24. Wound to the brain that results from a blow to the head..






25. Of the mind; an explanation of behavior as a function of the nonmaterial mind.






26. Large collection of axons coursing together within the central nervous system.






27. Midbrain area in which nuclei and fiber pathways are mixed - producing a netlike appearance; associated with sleep-wake behavior and behavioral arousal.






28. Harry Jerison's quantitative measure of brain size obtained from the ratio of actual brain size to expected brain size - according to the principle of proper mass - for an animal of a particular body size.






29. Part of the central nervous system encased within the vertebrae (spinal column) tat provides most of the connections between the brain and the rest of the body.






30. Condition in which a person is alive but unable to communicate or to function independently at even the most basic level.






31. That holds that both a nonmaterial mind and the material body contribute to behavior.






32. Evolutionarily the newest part of the brain; coordinates advanced cognitive functions such as thinking - planning - and language; contains the limbic system - basal ganglia - and the neocortex.






33. Outer layer of brain-tissue surface composed of neurons; the human cerebral cortex is heavily folded.






34. Subcortical forebrain nuclei that coordinate voluntary movements of the limbs and body; connected to the thalamus and to the midbrain.






35. Areas of the nervous system composed predominantly of cell bodies and blood vessels that function either to collect and modify information or to support this activity.






36. Three layers of protective tissue - dura mater - arachnoid - and pia mater - that encase the brain and spinal cord.






37. Disorder of the motor system correlated with a loss of dopamine in the brain an characterized by tremors - muscular rigidity - and a reduction in voluntary movement.

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38. Phylogenetic tree that branches repeatedly - suggesting a taxonomy of organisms based on the time sequence in which evolutionary branches arise.






39. Central part of the brain that contains neural circuits for hearing and seeing as well as orienting movements.






40. Simple nervous system that has no brain or spinal cord but consists of neurons that receive sensory information and connect directly to other neurons that move muscles.






41. Animal that has both a brain and a spinal cord.






42. Major structure of the forebrain - consisting of two virtually identical hemispheres (left and right) and responsible for most conscious behavior.






43. Process in which maturation is delayed - and so an adult retains infant characteristics; idea derived from the observation that newly evolved species resemble the young of their common ancestors.






44. Areas of the nervous system rich in fat-sheathed neural axons that form the connections between brain cells.






45. The brain and spinal cord that together mediate behavior.






46. Literally - half a sphere - referring to one side of the cerebral cortex or of one side of the cerebellum.






47. Cortex that functions in connection with hearing - language - and musical abilities and lies below the lateral fissure - beneath the temporal bone at the side of the lobe.






48. Conducting toward a central nervous system structure.






49. Part of the PNS that regulates the functioning of internal organs and glands.






50. Diencephalon structure through which information from all sensory systems is integrated and projected into the appropriate region of the neocortex.






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