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Behavioral Neuroscience

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Idea that selection for improved brain cooling through increased blood circulation in the brains of early hominids enabled the brain to grow larger.






2. Clear solution of sodium chloride and other salts that fills the ventricles inside the brain and circulates around the brain and spinal cord beneath the arachnoid layer in the subarachnoid space.






3. The nervous system's potential for physical or chemical change that enhances its adaptability to environmental change and its ability to compensate for injury.






4. Central structures of the brain - including the hindbrain - midbrain - thalamus - and hypothalamus - responsible for most unconscious behavior.






5. Animal that has both a brain and a spinal cord.






6. Cerebral Cortex that functions to direct movements toward a goal or to perform a task - such as grasping an object - lying posterior to the central sulcus and beneath the parietal bone at the top of the skull.






7. Of the mind; an explanation of behavior as a function of the nonmaterial mind.






8. Darwin's theory for explaining how new species evolve and how existing species change over time. Differential success in the reproduction of different characteristics (phenotypes) results from the interaction of organisms with their environment.






9. A groove in brain matter - usually a groove found in the neocortex or cerebellum.






10. Newest - outer layer (new bark) of the forebrain and composed of about six layers of gray matter that creates or reality.






11. Part of the autonomic nervous system; arouses the body for action - such as mediating the involuntary fight-or-flight response to alarm by increasing hear rate and blood pressure.






12. The general principle that sensory fibers are located dorsally and motors fibers are located ventrally.






13. A small protrusion or bump formed by the folding of the cerebral cortex.






14. Evolutionarily the oldest part of the brain; contains pons - medulla - reticular formation - and cerebellum structures that coordinate and control most voluntary and involuntary movements.






15. Division into a number of parts that are similar; refers to the idea that many animals - including vertebrates - are composed of similarly organized body segments.






16. Area of the skin supplied with afferent nerve fibers by a single spinal-cord dorsal root.






17. Part of the autonomic nervous system; acts in opposition to the sympathetic division- for example - preparing the body to rest and digest by reversing the alarm response or stimulating digestion.






18. Philosophical position that holds that behavior can be explained as a function of the nervous system without explanatory recourse to the mind.






19. Condition in which a person is alive but unable to communicate or to function independently at even the most basic level.






20. Major structure of the forebrain - consisting of two virtually identical hemispheres (left and right) and responsible for most conscious behavior.






21. That holds that both a nonmaterial mind and the material body contribute to behavior.






22. Map of the neocortex based on the organization - structure - and distribution of the cells.






23. Three layers of protective tissue - dura mater - arachnoid - and pia mater - that encase the brain and spinal cord.






24. Condition in which a person can display some rudimentary behaviors - such as smiling - or utter a few words but is otherwise not conscious.






25. Conducting toward a central nervous system structure.






26. Diencephalon structure through which information from all sensory systems is integrated into the appropriate region of the neocortex.






27. The brain and spinal cord that together mediate behavior.






28. General term referring to primates that walk upright - including all forms of humans - living and extinct.






29. Cerebral cortex where visual processing begins - lying at the back of the brain ad beneath the occipital bone.






30. Cortex that functions in connection with hearing - language - and musical abilities and lies below the lateral fissure - beneath the temporal bone at the side of the lobe.






31. A specialized 'nerve cell' engaged in information processing.






32. Areas of the nervous system composed predominantly of cell bodies and blood vessels that function either to collect and modify information or to support this activity.






33. Central part of the brain that contains neural circuits for hearing and seeing as well as orienting movements.






34. Phylogenetic tree that branches repeatedly - suggesting a taxonomy of organisms based on the time sequence in which evolutionary branches arise.






35. Disorder of the motor system correlated with a loss of dopamine in the brain an characterized by tremors - muscular rigidity - and a reduction in voluntary movement.

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36. Movement related to sensory inputs - such as turning the head to see the source of a sound.






37. Midbrain area in which nuclei and fiber pathways are mixed - producing a netlike appearance; associated with sleep-wake behavior and behavioral arousal.






38. Harry Jerison's quantitative measure of brain size obtained from the ratio of actual brain size to expected brain size - according to the principle of proper mass - for an animal of a particular body size.






39. Literally - half a sphere - referring to one side of the cerebral cortex or of one side of the cerebellum.






40. Learned behaviors that are passed on from on generation to the next through teaching and experience.






41. Wound to the brain that results from a blow to the head..






42. Conducting away from the central nervous system structure.






43. Hypothesis that the movements that we make and those that we perceive in others are essential features of our conscious behavior.






44. Body plan in which organs or parts present on both sides of the body are mirror images in appearance.






45. All the neurons in the body located outside the brain and the spinal cord; provides sensory and motor connections to and from the CNS






46. Disorder of the basal ganglia characterized by tics; involuntary vocalizations (including curse words and animal sounds); and odd - involuntary movements of the body; especially of the face and head.

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47. Outer layer of brain-tissue surface composed of neurons; the human cerebral cortex is heavily folded.






48. Roof (area above the ventricle) of the midbrain; its functions are sensory processing - particular visual and auditory - and the production of orienting movements.






49. Collection of nerve cells that function somewhat like a brain.






50. Decrease in the activity of a neuron or brain area.