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Behavioral Neuroscience

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Large collection of axons coursing together outside of the central nervous system.






2. Outer layer of brain-tissue surface composed of neurons; the human cerebral cortex is heavily folded.






3. The 'between brain' that integrates sensory and motor information on its way to the cerebral cortex.






4. All the neurons in the body located outside the brain and the spinal cord; provides sensory and motor connections to and from the CNS






5. Condition in which a person can display some rudimentary behaviors - such as smiling - or utter a few words but is otherwise not conscious.






6. Animal that has both a brain and a spinal cord.






7. A groove in brain matter - usually a groove found in the neocortex or cerebellum.






8. Evolutionarily the newest part of the brain; coordinates advanced cognitive functions such as thinking - planning - and language; contains the limbic system - basal ganglia - and the neocortex.






9. Areas of the nervous system composed predominantly of cell bodies and blood vessels that function either to collect and modify information or to support this activity.






10. Learned behaviors that are passed on from on generation to the next through teaching and experience.






11. Process in which maturation is delayed - and so an adult retains infant characteristics; idea derived from the observation that newly evolved species resemble the young of their common ancestors.






12. Roof (area above the ventricle) of the midbrain; its functions are sensory processing - particular visual and auditory - and the production of orienting movements.






13. Hypothesis that the movements that we make and those that we perceive in others are essential features of our conscious behavior.






14. Darwin's theory for explaining how new species evolve and how existing species change over time. Differential success in the reproduction of different characteristics (phenotypes) results from the interaction of organisms with their environment.






15. Cerebral Cortex often generally characterized as performing the brain's 'executive' functions - such as decision making - lying anterior to the central sulcus and beneath the frontal bone of the skull.






16. Movement related to sensory inputs - such as turning the head to see the source of a sound.






17. Approved experiment directed toward developing a treatment.






18. Central structures of the brain - including the hindbrain - midbrain - thalamus - and hypothalamus - responsible for most unconscious behavior.






19. Part of the PNS that regulates the functioning of internal organs and glands.






20. Conducting away from the central nervous system structure.






21. Areas of the nervous system rich in fat-sheathed neural axons that form the connections between brain cells.






22. Simple nervous system that has no brain or spinal cord but consists of neurons that receive sensory information and connect directly to other neurons that move muscles.






23. Diencephalon structure through which information from all sensory systems is integrated into the appropriate region of the neocortex.






24. Literally - half a sphere - referring to one side of the cerebral cortex or of one side of the cerebellum.






25. Harry Jerison's quantitative measure of brain size obtained from the ratio of actual brain size to expected brain size - according to the principle of proper mass - for an animal of a particular body size.






26. The general principle that sensory fibers are located dorsally and motors fibers are located ventrally.






27. Part of the central nervous system encased within the vertebrae (spinal column) tat provides most of the connections between the brain and the rest of the body.






28. Part of the autonomic nervous system; arouses the body for action - such as mediating the involuntary fight-or-flight response to alarm by increasing hear rate and blood pressure.






29. Evolutionarily the oldest part of the brain; contains pons - medulla - reticular formation - and cerebellum structures that coordinate and control most voluntary and involuntary movements.






30. Major structure of the forebrain - consisting of two virtually identical hemispheres (left and right) and responsible for most conscious behavior.






31. Midbrain area in which nuclei and fiber pathways are mixed - producing a netlike appearance; associated with sleep-wake behavior and behavioral arousal.






32. A specialized 'nerve cell' engaged in information processing.






33. Philosophical position that holds that behavior can be explained as a function of the nervous system without explanatory recourse to the mind.






34. The bones - or segments - that form the spinal column.






35. Forbearer from which two or more lineages or family groups arise and so is ancestral to both groups.






36. Neurosurgery in which electrodes implanted in the brain stimulate a targeted area with a low-voltage electrical current to facilitate behavior.






37. The brain and spinal cord that together mediate behavior.






38. Increase in the activity of a neuron or brain area.






39. A small protrusion or bump formed by the folding of the cerebral cortex.






40. Of the mind; an explanation of behavior as a function of the nonmaterial mind.






41. Map of the neocortex based on the organization - structure - and distribution of the cells.






42. Proposed nonmaterial entity responsible for intelligence - attention - awareness and consciousness.






43. Collection of nerve cells that function somewhat like a brain.






44. Disorder of the basal ganglia characterized by tics; involuntary vocalizations (including curse words and animal sounds); and odd - involuntary movements of the body; especially of the face and head.


45. Cerebral Cortex that functions to direct movements toward a goal or to perform a task - such as grasping an object - lying posterior to the central sulcus and beneath the parietal bone at the top of the skull.






46. Cortex that functions in connection with hearing - language - and musical abilities and lies below the lateral fissure - beneath the temporal bone at the side of the lobe.






47. Phylogenetic tree that branches repeatedly - suggesting a taxonomy of organisms based on the time sequence in which evolutionary branches arise.






48. Decrease in the activity of a neuron or brain area.






49. Part of the autonomic nervous system; acts in opposition to the sympathetic division- for example - preparing the body to rest and digest by reversing the alarm response or stimulating digestion.






50. Idea that selection for improved brain cooling through increased blood circulation in the brains of early hominids enabled the brain to grow larger.