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Behavioral Neuroscience

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Literally - half a sphere - referring to one side of the cerebral cortex or of one side of the cerebellum.






2. Part of the autonomic nervous system; arouses the body for action - such as mediating the involuntary fight-or-flight response to alarm by increasing hear rate and blood pressure.






3. A specialized 'nerve cell' engaged in information processing.






4. Evolutionarily the oldest part of the brain; contains pons - medulla - reticular formation - and cerebellum structures that coordinate and control most voluntary and involuntary movements.






5. Part of the PNS that regulates the functioning of internal organs and glands.






6. One of a set of 12 nerve pairs that control sensory and motor functions of the head - neck - and internal organs.






7. Part of the autonomic nervous system; acts in opposition to the sympathetic division- for example - preparing the body to rest and digest by reversing the alarm response or stimulating digestion.






8. Floor (area below the ventricle) of the midbrain; a collection of nuclei with movement-related - species-specific - and pain-perception functions.






9. Cerebral Cortex that functions to direct movements toward a goal or to perform a task - such as grasping an object - lying posterior to the central sulcus and beneath the parietal bone at the top of the skull.






10. Collection of nerve cells that function somewhat like a brain.






11. Increase in the activity of a neuron or brain area.






12. Division into a number of parts that are similar; refers to the idea that many animals - including vertebrates - are composed of similarly organized body segments.






13. The 'between brain' that integrates sensory and motor information on its way to the cerebral cortex.






14. Central structures of the brain - including the hindbrain - midbrain - thalamus - and hypothalamus - responsible for most unconscious behavior.






15. Group of organisms that can interbreed.






16. Central part of the brain that contains neural circuits for hearing and seeing as well as orienting movements.






17. Animal that has both a brain and a spinal cord.






18. Major structure of the forebrain - consisting of two virtually identical hemispheres (left and right) and responsible for most conscious behavior.






19. Disorder of the basal ganglia characterized by tics; involuntary vocalizations (including curse words and animal sounds); and odd - involuntary movements of the body; especially of the face and head.

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20. Clear solution of sodium chloride and other salts that fills the ventricles inside the brain and circulates around the brain and spinal cord beneath the arachnoid layer in the subarachnoid space.






21. Part of the central nervous system encased within the vertebrae (spinal column) tat provides most of the connections between the brain and the rest of the body.






22. Areas of the nervous system rich in fat-sheathed neural axons that form the connections between brain cells.






23. Areas of the nervous system composed predominantly of cell bodies and blood vessels that function either to collect and modify information or to support this activity.






24. Area of the skin supplied with afferent nerve fibers by a single spinal-cord dorsal root.






25. Midbrain area in which nuclei and fiber pathways are mixed - producing a netlike appearance; associated with sleep-wake behavior and behavioral arousal.






26. Learned behaviors that are passed on from on generation to the next through teaching and experience.






27. Degenerative brain disorder related to aging that first appears as progressive memory loss and later develops into generalized dementia.

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28. Darwin's theory for explaining how new species evolve and how existing species change over time. Differential success in the reproduction of different characteristics (phenotypes) results from the interaction of organisms with their environment.






29. The bones - or segments - that form the spinal column.






30. Condition in which a person can display some rudimentary behaviors - such as smiling - or utter a few words but is otherwise not conscious.






31. All the neurons in the body located outside the brain and the spinal cord; provides sensory and motor connections to and from the CNS






32. Conducting away from the central nervous system structure.






33. Large collection of axons coursing together within the central nervous system.






34. Surgical removal of a cerebral hemisphere.






35. Sudden appearance of neurological symptom as a result of severe interruption of blood flow.






36. Disparate forebrain structures lying between the neocortex and the brainstem that form a functional system controlling affective and motivated behaviors and certain forms of memory; includes cingulate cortex - amygdala - hippocampus - among other str






37. The general principle that sensory fibers are located dorsally and motors fibers are located ventrally.






38. Outer layer of brain-tissue surface composed of neurons; the human cerebral cortex is heavily folded.






39. Process in which maturation is delayed - and so an adult retains infant characteristics; idea derived from the observation that newly evolved species resemble the young of their common ancestors.






40. Fiber system connecting the two cerebral hemispheres to provide a route for direct communication between them.






41. One of four cavities in the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid that cushions the brain and may play a role in maintaining brain metabolism.






42. Newest - outer layer (new bark) of the forebrain and composed of about six layers of gray matter that creates or reality.






43. Philosophical position that holds that behavior can be explained as a function of the nervous system without explanatory recourse to the mind.






44. A groove in brain matter - usually a groove found in the neocortex or cerebellum.






45. Three layers of protective tissue - dura mater - arachnoid - and pia mater - that encase the brain and spinal cord.






46. That holds that both a nonmaterial mind and the material body contribute to behavior.






47. Map of the neocortex based on the organization - structure - and distribution of the cells.






48. Simple nervous system that has no brain or spinal cord but consists of neurons that receive sensory information and connect directly to other neurons that move muscles.






49. Diencephalon structure through which information from all sensory systems is integrated into the appropriate region of the neocortex.






50. Major structure of the brainstem specialized for coordinating and learning skilled movements. In large-brained animals - it may also have a role in the coordination of other mental processes.