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Behavioral Neuroscience

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Midbrain area in which nuclei and fiber pathways are mixed - producing a netlike appearance; associated with sleep-wake behavior and behavioral arousal.






2. Learned behaviors that are passed on from on generation to the next through teaching and experience.






3. Neurosurgery in which electrodes implanted in the brain stimulate a targeted area with a low-voltage electrical current to facilitate behavior.






4. Areas of the nervous system composed predominantly of cell bodies and blood vessels that function either to collect and modify information or to support this activity.






5. Hypothesis that the movements that we make and those that we perceive in others are essential features of our conscious behavior.






6. Process in which maturation is delayed - and so an adult retains infant characteristics; idea derived from the observation that newly evolved species resemble the young of their common ancestors.






7. One of a set of 12 nerve pairs that control sensory and motor functions of the head - neck - and internal organs.






8. Increase in the activity of a neuron or brain area.






9. Fiber system connecting the two cerebral hemispheres to provide a route for direct communication between them.






10. Evolutionarily the newest part of the brain; coordinates advanced cognitive functions such as thinking - planning - and language; contains the limbic system - basal ganglia - and the neocortex.






11. Of the mind; an explanation of behavior as a function of the nonmaterial mind.






12. Cerebral Cortex often generally characterized as performing the brain's 'executive' functions - such as decision making - lying anterior to the central sulcus and beneath the frontal bone of the skull.






13. Disorder of the basal ganglia characterized by tics; involuntary vocalizations (including curse words and animal sounds); and odd - involuntary movements of the body; especially of the face and head.

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14. Division into a number of parts that are similar; refers to the idea that many animals - including vertebrates - are composed of similarly organized body segments.






15. The general principle that sensory fibers are located dorsally and motors fibers are located ventrally.






16. All the neurons in the body located outside the brain and the spinal cord; provides sensory and motor connections to and from the CNS






17. Major structure of the forebrain - consisting of two virtually identical hemispheres (left and right) and responsible for most conscious behavior.






18. Central structures of the brain - including the hindbrain - midbrain - thalamus - and hypothalamus - responsible for most unconscious behavior.






19. Proposed nonmaterial entity responsible for intelligence - attention - awareness and consciousness.






20. Condition in which a person is alive but unable to communicate or to function independently at even the most basic level.






21. General term referring to primates that walk upright - including all forms of humans - living and extinct.






22. Decrease in the activity of a neuron or brain area.






23. Conducting away from the central nervous system structure.






24. Outer layer of brain-tissue surface composed of neurons; the human cerebral cortex is heavily folded.






25. Part of the PNS that regulates the functioning of internal organs and glands.






26. Body plan in which organs or parts present on both sides of the body are mirror images in appearance.






27. The bones - or segments - that form the spinal column.






28. Areas of the nervous system rich in fat-sheathed neural axons that form the connections between brain cells.






29. Floor (area below the ventricle) of the midbrain; a collection of nuclei with movement-related - species-specific - and pain-perception functions.






30. Roof (area above the ventricle) of the midbrain; its functions are sensory processing - particular visual and auditory - and the production of orienting movements.






31. The 'between brain' that integrates sensory and motor information on its way to the cerebral cortex.






32. Large collection of axons coursing together outside of the central nervous system.






33. Large collection of axons coursing together within the central nervous system.






34. Area of the skin supplied with afferent nerve fibers by a single spinal-cord dorsal root.






35. Behavior that is characteristic of all members of a species.






36. Animal that has both a brain and a spinal cord.






37. Cerebral cortex where visual processing begins - lying at the back of the brain ad beneath the occipital bone.






38. Simple nervous system that has no brain or spinal cord but consists of neurons that receive sensory information and connect directly to other neurons that move muscles.






39. Part of the autonomic nervous system; arouses the body for action - such as mediating the involuntary fight-or-flight response to alarm by increasing hear rate and blood pressure.






40. Newest - outer layer (new bark) of the forebrain and composed of about six layers of gray matter that creates or reality.






41. A small protrusion or bump formed by the folding of the cerebral cortex.






42. Philosophical position that holds that behavior can be explained as a function of the nervous system without explanatory recourse to the mind.






43. Literally - half a sphere - referring to one side of the cerebral cortex or of one side of the cerebellum.






44. Central part of the brain that contains neural circuits for hearing and seeing as well as orienting movements.






45. Group of organisms that can interbreed.






46. Forbearer from which two or more lineages or family groups arise and so is ancestral to both groups.






47. Condition in which a person can display some rudimentary behaviors - such as smiling - or utter a few words but is otherwise not conscious.






48. Three layers of protective tissue - dura mater - arachnoid - and pia mater - that encase the brain and spinal cord.






49. A group of cells forming a cluster that can be identified with special stains to form a functional grouping.






50. Part of the central nervous system encased within the vertebrae (spinal column) tat provides most of the connections between the brain and the rest of the body.







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