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Behavioral Neuroscience

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. All the neurons in the body located outside the brain and the spinal cord; provides sensory and motor connections to and from the CNS






2. Process in which maturation is delayed - and so an adult retains infant characteristics; idea derived from the observation that newly evolved species resemble the young of their common ancestors.






3. Movement related to sensory inputs - such as turning the head to see the source of a sound.






4. Outer layer of brain-tissue surface composed of neurons; the human cerebral cortex is heavily folded.






5. Evolutionarily the newest part of the brain; coordinates advanced cognitive functions such as thinking - planning - and language; contains the limbic system - basal ganglia - and the neocortex.






6. Synonym for mind - an entity once proposed to be the source of human behavior.






7. Midbrain area in which nuclei and fiber pathways are mixed - producing a netlike appearance; associated with sleep-wake behavior and behavioral arousal.






8. Condition in which a person can display some rudimentary behaviors - such as smiling - or utter a few words but is otherwise not conscious.






9. Darwin's theory for explaining how new species evolve and how existing species change over time. Differential success in the reproduction of different characteristics (phenotypes) results from the interaction of organisms with their environment.






10. The 'between brain' that integrates sensory and motor information on its way to the cerebral cortex.






11. Wound to the brain that results from a blow to the head..






12. Disparate forebrain structures lying between the neocortex and the brainstem that form a functional system controlling affective and motivated behaviors and certain forms of memory; includes cingulate cortex - amygdala - hippocampus - among other str






13. Quandary of explaining a nonmaterial mind in command of a material body.






14. One of a set of 12 nerve pairs that control sensory and motor functions of the head - neck - and internal organs.






15. Areas of the nervous system rich in fat-sheathed neural axons that form the connections between brain cells.






16. Major structure of the forebrain - consisting of two virtually identical hemispheres (left and right) and responsible for most conscious behavior.






17. The brain and spinal cord that together mediate behavior.






18. Central part of the brain that contains neural circuits for hearing and seeing as well as orienting movements.






19. Cerebral cortex where visual processing begins - lying at the back of the brain ad beneath the occipital bone.






20. Condition in which a person is alive but unable to communicate or to function independently at even the most basic level.






21. Diencephalon structure through which information from all sensory systems is integrated into the appropriate region of the neocortex.






22. Map of the neocortex based on the organization - structure - and distribution of the cells.






23. The bones - or segments - that form the spinal column.






24. Simple nervous system that has no brain or spinal cord but consists of neurons that receive sensory information and connect directly to other neurons that move muscles.






25. Animal that has both a brain and a spinal cord.






26. Increase in the activity of a neuron or brain area.






27. Part of the central nervous system encased within the vertebrae (spinal column) tat provides most of the connections between the brain and the rest of the body.






28. Neurosurgery in which electrodes implanted in the brain stimulate a targeted area with a low-voltage electrical current to facilitate behavior.






29. Clear solution of sodium chloride and other salts that fills the ventricles inside the brain and circulates around the brain and spinal cord beneath the arachnoid layer in the subarachnoid space.






30. Fiber system connecting the two cerebral hemispheres to provide a route for direct communication between them.






31. Diencephalon structure through which information from all sensory systems is integrated and projected into the appropriate region of the neocortex.






32. A groove in brain matter - usually a groove found in the neocortex or cerebellum.






33. One of four cavities in the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid that cushions the brain and may play a role in maintaining brain metabolism.






34. A specialized 'nerve cell' engaged in information processing.






35. Floor (area below the ventricle) of the midbrain; a collection of nuclei with movement-related - species-specific - and pain-perception functions.






36. A group of cells forming a cluster that can be identified with special stains to form a functional grouping.






37. A small protrusion or bump formed by the folding of the cerebral cortex.






38. Proposed nonmaterial entity responsible for intelligence - attention - awareness and consciousness.






39. Cerebral Cortex often generally characterized as performing the brain's 'executive' functions - such as decision making - lying anterior to the central sulcus and beneath the frontal bone of the skull.






40. The general principle that sensory fibers are located dorsally and motors fibers are located ventrally.






41. Disorder of the basal ganglia characterized by tics; involuntary vocalizations (including curse words and animal sounds); and odd - involuntary movements of the body; especially of the face and head.

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42. General term referring to primates that walk upright - including all forms of humans - living and extinct.






43. Philosophical position that holds that behavior can be explained as a function of the nervous system without explanatory recourse to the mind.






44. The nervous system's potential for physical or chemical change that enhances its adaptability to environmental change and its ability to compensate for injury.






45. Cerebral Cortex that functions to direct movements toward a goal or to perform a task - such as grasping an object - lying posterior to the central sulcus and beneath the parietal bone at the top of the skull.






46. Forbearer from which two or more lineages or family groups arise and so is ancestral to both groups.






47. Large collection of axons coursing together within the central nervous system.






48. Cortex that functions in connection with hearing - language - and musical abilities and lies below the lateral fissure - beneath the temporal bone at the side of the lobe.






49. Body plan in which organs or parts present on both sides of the body are mirror images in appearance.






50. Conducting toward a central nervous system structure.