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Behavioral Neuroscience

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A groove in brain matter - usually a groove found in the neocortex or cerebellum.






2. Subcortical forebrain nuclei that coordinate voluntary movements of the limbs and body; connected to the thalamus and to the midbrain.






3. Cerebral Cortex that functions to direct movements toward a goal or to perform a task - such as grasping an object - lying posterior to the central sulcus and beneath the parietal bone at the top of the skull.






4. Conducting away from the central nervous system structure.






5. A small protrusion or bump formed by the folding of the cerebral cortex.






6. Hypothesis that the movements that we make and those that we perceive in others are essential features of our conscious behavior.






7. Diencephalon structure through which information from all sensory systems is integrated and projected into the appropriate region of the neocortex.






8. That holds that both a nonmaterial mind and the material body contribute to behavior.






9. Literally - half a sphere - referring to one side of the cerebral cortex or of one side of the cerebellum.






10. All the neurons in the body located outside the brain and the spinal cord; provides sensory and motor connections to and from the CNS






11. Areas of the nervous system rich in fat-sheathed neural axons that form the connections between brain cells.






12. Midbrain area in which nuclei and fiber pathways are mixed - producing a netlike appearance; associated with sleep-wake behavior and behavioral arousal.






13. Part of the central nervous system encased within the vertebrae (spinal column) tat provides most of the connections between the brain and the rest of the body.






14. Of the mind; an explanation of behavior as a function of the nonmaterial mind.






15. The nervous system's potential for physical or chemical change that enhances its adaptability to environmental change and its ability to compensate for injury.






16. Roof (area above the ventricle) of the midbrain; its functions are sensory processing - particular visual and auditory - and the production of orienting movements.






17. Floor (area below the ventricle) of the midbrain; a collection of nuclei with movement-related - species-specific - and pain-perception functions.






18. One of a set of 12 nerve pairs that control sensory and motor functions of the head - neck - and internal organs.






19. A group of cells forming a cluster that can be identified with special stains to form a functional grouping.






20. One of four cavities in the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid that cushions the brain and may play a role in maintaining brain metabolism.






21. Phylogenetic tree that branches repeatedly - suggesting a taxonomy of organisms based on the time sequence in which evolutionary branches arise.






22. Neurosurgery in which electrodes implanted in the brain stimulate a targeted area with a low-voltage electrical current to facilitate behavior.






23. Map of the neocortex based on the organization - structure - and distribution of the cells.






24. Part of the PNS that includes the cranial and spinal nerves to and from the muscles - joints - and skin that produce movement - transmit incoming sensory input - and inform the CNS about the position and movement of body parts.






25. Disorder of the basal ganglia characterized by tics; involuntary vocalizations (including curse words and animal sounds); and odd - involuntary movements of the body; especially of the face and head.

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26. Cerebral cortex where visual processing begins - lying at the back of the brain ad beneath the occipital bone.






27. Part of the autonomic nervous system; acts in opposition to the sympathetic division- for example - preparing the body to rest and digest by reversing the alarm response or stimulating digestion.






28. Philosophical position that holds that behavior can be explained as a function of the nervous system without explanatory recourse to the mind.






29. Cortex that functions in connection with hearing - language - and musical abilities and lies below the lateral fissure - beneath the temporal bone at the side of the lobe.






30. Area of the skin supplied with afferent nerve fibers by a single spinal-cord dorsal root.






31. Division into a number of parts that are similar; refers to the idea that many animals - including vertebrates - are composed of similarly organized body segments.






32. Movement related to sensory inputs - such as turning the head to see the source of a sound.






33. A specialized 'nerve cell' engaged in information processing.






34. Animal that has both a brain and a spinal cord.






35. Disparate forebrain structures lying between the neocortex and the brainstem that form a functional system controlling affective and motivated behaviors and certain forms of memory; includes cingulate cortex - amygdala - hippocampus - among other str






36. Approved experiment directed toward developing a treatment.






37. Sudden appearance of neurological symptom as a result of severe interruption of blood flow.






38. Forbearer from which two or more lineages or family groups arise and so is ancestral to both groups.






39. General term referring to primates that walk upright - including all forms of humans - living and extinct.






40. The 'between brain' that integrates sensory and motor information on its way to the cerebral cortex.






41. Newest - outer layer (new bark) of the forebrain and composed of about six layers of gray matter that creates or reality.






42. Increase in the activity of a neuron or brain area.






43. Areas of the nervous system composed predominantly of cell bodies and blood vessels that function either to collect and modify information or to support this activity.






44. The brain and spinal cord that together mediate behavior.






45. Collection of nerve cells that function somewhat like a brain.






46. Major structure of the brainstem specialized for coordinating and learning skilled movements. In large-brained animals - it may also have a role in the coordination of other mental processes.






47. Learned behaviors that are passed on from on generation to the next through teaching and experience.






48. The general principle that sensory fibers are located dorsally and motors fibers are located ventrally.






49. Process in which maturation is delayed - and so an adult retains infant characteristics; idea derived from the observation that newly evolved species resemble the young of their common ancestors.






50. Evolutionarily the oldest part of the brain; contains pons - medulla - reticular formation - and cerebellum structures that coordinate and control most voluntary and involuntary movements.