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Behavioral Neuroscience

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Evolutionarily the oldest part of the brain; contains pons - medulla - reticular formation - and cerebellum structures that coordinate and control most voluntary and involuntary movements.






2. Large collection of axons coursing together outside of the central nervous system.






3. Areas of the nervous system rich in fat-sheathed neural axons that form the connections between brain cells.






4. Central part of the brain that contains neural circuits for hearing and seeing as well as orienting movements.






5. Philosophical position that holds that behavior can be explained as a function of the nervous system without explanatory recourse to the mind.






6. Condition in which a person can display some rudimentary behaviors - such as smiling - or utter a few words but is otherwise not conscious.






7. Part of the central nervous system encased within the vertebrae (spinal column) tat provides most of the connections between the brain and the rest of the body.






8. The nervous system's potential for physical or chemical change that enhances its adaptability to environmental change and its ability to compensate for injury.






9. Diencephalon structure through which information from all sensory systems is integrated into the appropriate region of the neocortex.






10. Cortex that functions in connection with hearing - language - and musical abilities and lies below the lateral fissure - beneath the temporal bone at the side of the lobe.






11. Cerebral Cortex that functions to direct movements toward a goal or to perform a task - such as grasping an object - lying posterior to the central sulcus and beneath the parietal bone at the top of the skull.






12. Division into a number of parts that are similar; refers to the idea that many animals - including vertebrates - are composed of similarly organized body segments.






13. Area of the skin supplied with afferent nerve fibers by a single spinal-cord dorsal root.






14. Diencephalon structure through which information from all sensory systems is integrated and projected into the appropriate region of the neocortex.






15. Behavior that is characteristic of all members of a species.






16. Approved experiment directed toward developing a treatment.






17. A groove in brain matter - usually a groove found in the neocortex or cerebellum.






18. Simple nervous system that has no brain or spinal cord but consists of neurons that receive sensory information and connect directly to other neurons that move muscles.






19. The 'between brain' that integrates sensory and motor information on its way to the cerebral cortex.






20. Animal that has both a brain and a spinal cord.






21. Disorder of the motor system correlated with a loss of dopamine in the brain an characterized by tremors - muscular rigidity - and a reduction in voluntary movement.

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22. Three layers of protective tissue - dura mater - arachnoid - and pia mater - that encase the brain and spinal cord.






23. Decrease in the activity of a neuron or brain area.






24. Part of the PNS that includes the cranial and spinal nerves to and from the muscles - joints - and skin that produce movement - transmit incoming sensory input - and inform the CNS about the position and movement of body parts.






25. Subcortical forebrain nuclei that coordinate voluntary movements of the limbs and body; connected to the thalamus and to the midbrain.






26. Surgical removal of a cerebral hemisphere.






27. Conducting toward a central nervous system structure.






28. Map of the neocortex based on the organization - structure - and distribution of the cells.






29. General term referring to primates that walk upright - including all forms of humans - living and extinct.






30. A group of cells forming a cluster that can be identified with special stains to form a functional grouping.






31. All the neurons in the body located outside the brain and the spinal cord; provides sensory and motor connections to and from the CNS






32. The brain and spinal cord that together mediate behavior.






33. Disorder of the basal ganglia characterized by tics; involuntary vocalizations (including curse words and animal sounds); and odd - involuntary movements of the body; especially of the face and head.

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34. Of the mind; an explanation of behavior as a function of the nonmaterial mind.






35. The general principle that sensory fibers are located dorsally and motors fibers are located ventrally.






36. Wound to the brain that results from a blow to the head..






37. Cerebral cortex where visual processing begins - lying at the back of the brain ad beneath the occipital bone.






38. Part of the autonomic nervous system; arouses the body for action - such as mediating the involuntary fight-or-flight response to alarm by increasing hear rate and blood pressure.






39. Floor (area below the ventricle) of the midbrain; a collection of nuclei with movement-related - species-specific - and pain-perception functions.






40. Quandary of explaining a nonmaterial mind in command of a material body.






41. Large collection of axons coursing together within the central nervous system.






42. Increase in the activity of a neuron or brain area.






43. One of a set of 12 nerve pairs that control sensory and motor functions of the head - neck - and internal organs.






44. Group of organisms that can interbreed.






45. Hypothesis that the movements that we make and those that we perceive in others are essential features of our conscious behavior.






46. Major structure of the forebrain - consisting of two virtually identical hemispheres (left and right) and responsible for most conscious behavior.






47. Clear solution of sodium chloride and other salts that fills the ventricles inside the brain and circulates around the brain and spinal cord beneath the arachnoid layer in the subarachnoid space.






48. Outer layer of brain-tissue surface composed of neurons; the human cerebral cortex is heavily folded.






49. Phylogenetic tree that branches repeatedly - suggesting a taxonomy of organisms based on the time sequence in which evolutionary branches arise.






50. Forbearer from which two or more lineages or family groups arise and so is ancestral to both groups.







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