Test your basic knowledge |

Behavioral Neuroscience

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. One of a set of 12 nerve pairs that control sensory and motor functions of the head - neck - and internal organs.






2. Major structure of the brainstem specialized for coordinating and learning skilled movements. In large-brained animals - it may also have a role in the coordination of other mental processes.






3. All the neurons in the body located outside the brain and the spinal cord; provides sensory and motor connections to and from the CNS






4. Condition in which a person is alive but unable to communicate or to function independently at even the most basic level.






5. A groove in brain matter - usually a groove found in the neocortex or cerebellum.






6. Diencephalon structure through which information from all sensory systems is integrated and projected into the appropriate region of the neocortex.






7. Cerebral Cortex often generally characterized as performing the brain's 'executive' functions - such as decision making - lying anterior to the central sulcus and beneath the frontal bone of the skull.






8. Evolutionarily the oldest part of the brain; contains pons - medulla - reticular formation - and cerebellum structures that coordinate and control most voluntary and involuntary movements.






9. Large collection of axons coursing together within the central nervous system.






10. Central structures of the brain - including the hindbrain - midbrain - thalamus - and hypothalamus - responsible for most unconscious behavior.






11. Midbrain area in which nuclei and fiber pathways are mixed - producing a netlike appearance; associated with sleep-wake behavior and behavioral arousal.






12. Large collection of axons coursing together outside of the central nervous system.






13. Major structure of the forebrain - consisting of two virtually identical hemispheres (left and right) and responsible for most conscious behavior.






14. The bones - or segments - that form the spinal column.






15. A group of cells forming a cluster that can be identified with special stains to form a functional grouping.






16. Animal that has both a brain and a spinal cord.






17. The nervous system's potential for physical or chemical change that enhances its adaptability to environmental change and its ability to compensate for injury.






18. Cortex that functions in connection with hearing - language - and musical abilities and lies below the lateral fissure - beneath the temporal bone at the side of the lobe.






19. Wound to the brain that results from a blow to the head..






20. Decrease in the activity of a neuron or brain area.






21. The general principle that sensory fibers are located dorsally and motors fibers are located ventrally.






22. Conducting away from the central nervous system structure.






23. Hypothesis that the movements that we make and those that we perceive in others are essential features of our conscious behavior.






24. The brain and spinal cord that together mediate behavior.






25. Part of the PNS that includes the cranial and spinal nerves to and from the muscles - joints - and skin that produce movement - transmit incoming sensory input - and inform the CNS about the position and movement of body parts.






26. Diencephalon structure through which information from all sensory systems is integrated into the appropriate region of the neocortex.






27. Outer layer of brain-tissue surface composed of neurons; the human cerebral cortex is heavily folded.






28. Synonym for mind - an entity once proposed to be the source of human behavior.






29. Disparate forebrain structures lying between the neocortex and the brainstem that form a functional system controlling affective and motivated behaviors and certain forms of memory; includes cingulate cortex - amygdala - hippocampus - among other str






30. Degenerative brain disorder related to aging that first appears as progressive memory loss and later develops into generalized dementia.

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31. Evolutionarily the newest part of the brain; coordinates advanced cognitive functions such as thinking - planning - and language; contains the limbic system - basal ganglia - and the neocortex.






32. Of the mind; an explanation of behavior as a function of the nonmaterial mind.






33. Simple nervous system that has no brain or spinal cord but consists of neurons that receive sensory information and connect directly to other neurons that move muscles.






34. Cerebral cortex where visual processing begins - lying at the back of the brain ad beneath the occipital bone.






35. Central part of the brain that contains neural circuits for hearing and seeing as well as orienting movements.






36. Darwin's theory for explaining how new species evolve and how existing species change over time. Differential success in the reproduction of different characteristics (phenotypes) results from the interaction of organisms with their environment.






37. Philosophical position that holds that behavior can be explained as a function of the nervous system without explanatory recourse to the mind.






38. Forbearer from which two or more lineages or family groups arise and so is ancestral to both groups.






39. Roof (area above the ventricle) of the midbrain; its functions are sensory processing - particular visual and auditory - and the production of orienting movements.






40. Sudden appearance of neurological symptom as a result of severe interruption of blood flow.






41. Literally - half a sphere - referring to one side of the cerebral cortex or of one side of the cerebellum.






42. Three layers of protective tissue - dura mater - arachnoid - and pia mater - that encase the brain and spinal cord.






43. Quandary of explaining a nonmaterial mind in command of a material body.






44. Division into a number of parts that are similar; refers to the idea that many animals - including vertebrates - are composed of similarly organized body segments.






45. Approved experiment directed toward developing a treatment.






46. General term referring to primates that walk upright - including all forms of humans - living and extinct.






47. A specialized 'nerve cell' engaged in information processing.






48. Part of the autonomic nervous system; acts in opposition to the sympathetic division- for example - preparing the body to rest and digest by reversing the alarm response or stimulating digestion.






49. Process in which maturation is delayed - and so an adult retains infant characteristics; idea derived from the observation that newly evolved species resemble the young of their common ancestors.






50. Fiber system connecting the two cerebral hemispheres to provide a route for direct communication between them.