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Behavioral Neuroscience

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Outer layer of brain-tissue surface composed of neurons; the human cerebral cortex is heavily folded.






2. Body plan in which organs or parts present on both sides of the body are mirror images in appearance.






3. Philosophical position that holds that behavior can be explained as a function of the nervous system without explanatory recourse to the mind.






4. Wound to the brain that results from a blow to the head..






5. The brain and spinal cord that together mediate behavior.






6. Part of the autonomic nervous system; acts in opposition to the sympathetic division- for example - preparing the body to rest and digest by reversing the alarm response or stimulating digestion.






7. Major structure of the forebrain - consisting of two virtually identical hemispheres (left and right) and responsible for most conscious behavior.






8. Central part of the brain that contains neural circuits for hearing and seeing as well as orienting movements.






9. Harry Jerison's quantitative measure of brain size obtained from the ratio of actual brain size to expected brain size - according to the principle of proper mass - for an animal of a particular body size.






10. Darwin's theory for explaining how new species evolve and how existing species change over time. Differential success in the reproduction of different characteristics (phenotypes) results from the interaction of organisms with their environment.






11. Roof (area above the ventricle) of the midbrain; its functions are sensory processing - particular visual and auditory - and the production of orienting movements.






12. Areas of the nervous system composed predominantly of cell bodies and blood vessels that function either to collect and modify information or to support this activity.






13. Increase in the activity of a neuron or brain area.






14. Simple nervous system that has no brain or spinal cord but consists of neurons that receive sensory information and connect directly to other neurons that move muscles.






15. Literally - half a sphere - referring to one side of the cerebral cortex or of one side of the cerebellum.






16. That holds that both a nonmaterial mind and the material body contribute to behavior.






17. A small protrusion or bump formed by the folding of the cerebral cortex.






18. Clear solution of sodium chloride and other salts that fills the ventricles inside the brain and circulates around the brain and spinal cord beneath the arachnoid layer in the subarachnoid space.






19. Conducting away from the central nervous system structure.






20. Cortex that functions in connection with hearing - language - and musical abilities and lies below the lateral fissure - beneath the temporal bone at the side of the lobe.






21. Proposed nonmaterial entity responsible for intelligence - attention - awareness and consciousness.






22. One of a set of 12 nerve pairs that control sensory and motor functions of the head - neck - and internal organs.






23. A group of cells forming a cluster that can be identified with special stains to form a functional grouping.






24. Division into a number of parts that are similar; refers to the idea that many animals - including vertebrates - are composed of similarly organized body segments.






25. Behavior that is characteristic of all members of a species.






26. Disparate forebrain structures lying between the neocortex and the brainstem that form a functional system controlling affective and motivated behaviors and certain forms of memory; includes cingulate cortex - amygdala - hippocampus - among other str






27. Quandary of explaining a nonmaterial mind in command of a material body.






28. Phylogenetic tree that branches repeatedly - suggesting a taxonomy of organisms based on the time sequence in which evolutionary branches arise.






29. Newest - outer layer (new bark) of the forebrain and composed of about six layers of gray matter that creates or reality.






30. Diencephalon structure through which information from all sensory systems is integrated and projected into the appropriate region of the neocortex.






31. Idea that selection for improved brain cooling through increased blood circulation in the brains of early hominids enabled the brain to grow larger.






32. Central structures of the brain - including the hindbrain - midbrain - thalamus - and hypothalamus - responsible for most unconscious behavior.






33. Approved experiment directed toward developing a treatment.






34. Disorder of the motor system correlated with a loss of dopamine in the brain an characterized by tremors - muscular rigidity - and a reduction in voluntary movement.

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35. Floor (area below the ventricle) of the midbrain; a collection of nuclei with movement-related - species-specific - and pain-perception functions.






36. Decrease in the activity of a neuron or brain area.






37. Cerebral Cortex often generally characterized as performing the brain's 'executive' functions - such as decision making - lying anterior to the central sulcus and beneath the frontal bone of the skull.






38. Surgical removal of a cerebral hemisphere.






39. The general principle that sensory fibers are located dorsally and motors fibers are located ventrally.






40. The bones - or segments - that form the spinal column.






41. Condition in which a person is alive but unable to communicate or to function independently at even the most basic level.






42. Degenerative brain disorder related to aging that first appears as progressive memory loss and later develops into generalized dementia.

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43. Hypothesis that the movements that we make and those that we perceive in others are essential features of our conscious behavior.






44. Cerebral cortex where visual processing begins - lying at the back of the brain ad beneath the occipital bone.






45. All the neurons in the body located outside the brain and the spinal cord; provides sensory and motor connections to and from the CNS






46. Learned behaviors that are passed on from on generation to the next through teaching and experience.






47. Cerebral Cortex that functions to direct movements toward a goal or to perform a task - such as grasping an object - lying posterior to the central sulcus and beneath the parietal bone at the top of the skull.






48. Area of the skin supplied with afferent nerve fibers by a single spinal-cord dorsal root.






49. Map of the neocortex based on the organization - structure - and distribution of the cells.






50. Animal that has both a brain and a spinal cord.