Test your basic knowledge |

Biochemistry

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What does biotin def cause
Dermatitis - alopecia - enteritis
Basement membrane or basal lamina
SnRNPs and other proteins
2pq

2. pyruvate carboxylase catalyzes what rxn
After day 1
Acetyl - CoA carboxylase (ACC)
Chronic granulomatous disease - no respiatory burst - no formatino of ROS
Pyruvate to oxaloacetate (3C to 4C)

3. What are uncoupling agents
Orotate precursor - with PRPP added later
Inc permeability of membrane causing a dec in proton gradient and inc in O2 consumption - ATP synthesis stops - but electron transport continues to produce heat
Night blindness - dry skin
Krabbes - galactocerebrosidase - galactocerebroside - AR

4. what findings are associated with marfans
CAG - 4
1 -25 OH2 D3 = calcitriol
Poly A polymerase - signal is AAUAA
Tall with long extremeties - pectus excavatum - hyperextensive joints - arachnodactyly

5. What happens in vit B2 def
Phosphorylation excess glucose to sequester it - liver becomes blood glucose buffer
Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)
Cheilosis - inflammation of lips - scaling and fissures at the corner of the mouth - corneal vascularization
Octamer = 2 sets of H2A - H2B - H3 - H4 - tie =H1

6. elevated LDL due to defective or absent LDL receptor - heterozygotes have cholesterol ~300 - homozygotes ~700
Site of steroid synthesis and detoxification of drugs and poisons
Familial hypercholesterolemia - hyperlipidemia type IIA
Antioxidant - protects RBCs and membrances from free radical damage
Arg - lys - his - arg is most basic - has has no charge at body pH

7. What apolipoprotiens are on VLDL
B-100 - CII and E
IDL
Sulfation
Initiate chains

8. Severe fasting hypoglycemia - inc glycogen storage in liver - inc blood lactate - hepatomegaly - dz and def enzyme
AD absent of dec LDL receptors causes accelerated atherosclerosis - achilles xanthomas and corneal arcus - increase LDL and elecated cholesterol
Arg - lys - his - arg is most basic - has has no charge at body pH
Von gierkes - glucose 6 phosphatase
AR

9. What is the RDE of TCA cycle
Absence of galactose 1 phosphate uridyltransferase - accumulation of toxic substances leads to failure to thrive - jaundice - hepatomegaly - infantile cataracts - mental retardation
Isocitrate dehydrogenase
Arg and his inc in histones Which bind negatively charged DNA
Dopa decarboxylase

10. What is incomplete penetrence and give an example
AR
More than 1 codon may code for the same amino acid
Not all individuals with a mutant genotype show the mutant phenotype
SnRNPs and other proteins

11. What bone disorder has x linked dominant inheritance
Hypophophatemia rickets - vit D resistant ricketts - inc wasting of phosphate in proximal tubule - rickets like presentation
Activates LCAT
Stored ATP - creatine phosphate - anaerobic glycolysis
Palate - facial and cardiac defects

12. What is the energy source in the fed state right after a meal
Glycolysis and aerobic respiration
Malate - aspartate shuttle or the glycerol 3 phosphate shuttle
NF2 on chromosome 22
Adds an inorganic phosphate onto substrate without using ATP

13. characterize x linked recessive
GAA
Failure to track objects or develop a social smile
Sons of heterozygous mothers have 1/2 half chance of being affected - no male to male transmission - and often more severe in males - heterozygous females may be affected
Met - val - arg his

14. Infection with what organism can cause B12 def
Converted to THF - a coenzyme for one - carbon transfer/methylation reactions - important for synthesis of nitrogenous bases in DNA and RNA
Fructose 1 -6 bisphosphate
Evident in first few days of life - can present last onest - excess carbamoyl phosphate converted to orotic acid - orotic acid in blood and urine - dec BUN and symptoms of hyerpammonemia
Diphyllobothrium latum

15. What are the mRNA stop codons
GAA
CG- 3 > AT-2 - More CG content - melting point goes up
O- oligosaccharaides
UGA - UAA and UAG

16. How is ATP used by the cell
Antioxidant - facilitates iron absorption by keeping iron in the Fe2+ reduced state - necessary for hydroxylation of proline and lysine collagen bridges - necessary for dopamine beta hydroxylase which converts DA to NE
Must be both activated and inactivated for cell cycle to progress
ATP hyrdolysis couple to energetically unfavorable rxns
Heme synthesis - urea cycle and gluconeogenesis - HUGs take two

17. What other complex is similar to the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in that it has the same co - factors and generates succinyl - CoA
Dermatitis - enteritis - alopecia - adrenal insuff
No mutation occuring at the locus - no selection for any genotypes at the locus - completely random mating - no migration
Alpha - ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex
Octamer = 2 sets of H2A - H2B - H3 - H4 - tie =H1

18. Which carbon bears the triphosphate and the energy source for bond formation

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

19. congenital microdeletion of long arm of chromosoe 7 with findings of elfin facies - mental retardation - hypercalcemia - well developed verbal skills - extreme friendliness with strangers - cardiovascular problems
Von Gierke's - Pompe - Cori - McArdle
Williams syndrome
Microtuble polymerization defect causing a dec in phagocytosis results in recurrent pyogenic infections - partial albinism - and peripheral neuropathy
Tryptophan excretion in urine and dec absorption from the gut leading to pellagra

20. What is regeneration of methionine depedent on...
B12 and folate
Bone - skin - tendon - dentin - fascia - cornea - late wound repair
Adipse tissue stores - keton bodies become the main source of energy fo the brain and heart - after these are depleted - vital protein degradation accelerates - leading to organ failure and death
Galactitol - galactose appears in blood and urine - can cause infantile cataracta - AR

21. For eukaryotes - Where does replication begin?
Consesus sequenec of base pairs
Malonyl coa (+ biotin= palmitiate - 1 16C fatty acid)
B100
SnRNPs and other proteins

22. What metabolic rxns occur in the mitochondria
Phenylethamolamine N methyl transferase
Fatty acid oxidation - acetyl - Coa production - TCA cycle - OXPHOS
CGG
Liver hepatocytes and steroid producing cells of the adrenal cortex

23. What happens in elongation of protein synthesis

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

24. What is loss of heterozygosity and give an example
GTP
RNA poly II
If pt inherits or develops a mutation in a tumor suppresor gene - the complementary allele must be deleted/mutated before cancer develops - not true of oncogenes - retinoblastoma
Oxidizes substrate

25. What happens in termination of proteins synthesis
Animal products - synthesized only by microorganisms - large reserve pool - mainly in liver
Inhibits RNA polymerase II - found in death cap mushrooms
Stop codon is recognized by release factor - and completed protein is released from ribosome
Locus heterogeneity - ocular albinism is x- linked recessive

26. What happens with dry beriberi
Anabolic processes as a supply of reducing equivalents
Myeloperoxidase
Polyneuritis - symmetrical muscle wasting
AR disorder characterized by defective neutral amino acid transporte on renal and intestinal epith cells

27. Where are cytosolic and organellar proteins made
Colchicine
Malate - aspartate shuttle or the glycerol 3 phosphate shuttle
Malapsorption syndromes like sprue or CF or mineral oil intake
Free ribosomes

28. What is mosaicism and give an example
Occurs when cells in the body have different genetic makeup - can be germline mosaic - which may produce a disease that is not carried by parents somatic cells - lyonization - random X inactivation in females
Nature and severity of phenotype vary from 1 individual to another - NF type 1
Vincritsine/vinblastine
DTMP

29. cytoskeletal elements in micorvilli - muscle contracting fibers - cytokenesis - adherens jxns
Site of steroid synthesis and detoxification of drugs and poisons
Hepatic glycogenolysis - adipose tissue release of FFA - muslce and liver FFA - hepatic gluconeogenesis from peripheral tissue lactate and alanine and from adipose tissue glycerol and proprionyl - coA (odd chain FFA)
Actin and myosin
Von gierkes - glucose 6 phosphatase

30. What enzyme becomes essential in PKU
Facial flushing
5' to 3'
Tyrosine
Prokaryotic only - elongates leading strand by adding deoxnucTIDE to the 3' end. Elongates lagging strand until it reaches primer of preceeding fragment. 3' to 5' exonuclease activity 'proofreads' each added nucTIDE

31. What enzyme results in classic galactosemia and What is the clinical
Absence of galactose 1 phosphate uridyltransferase - accumulation of toxic substances leads to failure to thrive - jaundice - hepatomegaly - infantile cataracts - mental retardation
5' to 3'
Liver and beta cells of pancreas - low affinity - high Km - high capacity - high Vmax - induced by insulin
Tyrosine

32. What is the Name and fxn of vit B5
Proline and lysine - vit C
P2 +2pq+ = 1
Intermediate filaments
Pantothenate - essential component of CoA - a cofactor for acyl transfers and fatty acid synthase

33. What happens in carnitine def
30 - 50 - 70
Inability to transport LCFAs into mitochondria results in toxic accumulation causing weakness - hypotonia - hyperketotic hyperglycemia
LDL
Inc CPK and muscle biopsy

34. What does the primary transcript combine with to form the spliceosome
SnRNPs and other proteins
OTC has hyperammonemia - orotic aciduira does not
NH2-(C=O) - NH2 one NH2 from ammonia the C=O from CO2 - and the other NH2 from aspartate
RRNA

35. What 3 amino acids are necessary for purine synthesis
Glycine - aspartate - glutamine
HMG- CoA reductase
Inc CPK and muscle biopsy
Each codon specifies only 1 amino acid

36. How do tetracyclines work
Pyruvate to oxaloacetate (3C to 4C)
Acetly- CoA - CO2 - NADH
Bind 30s subunit preventing attachment of aminoacyl - tRNA
Reads usual codon but inserts wrong AA

37. delivers hepatic TGs to peripheral tissue - secreted by liver
Inc Cl - in sweat
VLDL
Alpha 1 -6 and alpha 1 -4
Ile - phe - thr - trp

38. CF - is AR deletion In what gene On what chromosome resulting in a deletion inf what?
CFTR gene - 7 - Phe 508
Neurons
Malapsorption syndromes like sprue or CF or mineral oil intake
HMP shunt

39. Name as many x- linked recessive disorders as you can

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

40. What order kinetics does EtOH dehydrogenase have
Zero
Inherited lysosomal storage disorder; failure of addition of mannose 6 phosphate to lysosomal proteins - enzymes secreted outside of cell instead of lysosomes
Fructose 1 -6 bisphosphate
Cheilosis - inflammation of lips - scaling and fissures at the corner of the mouth - corneal vascularization

41. What is the function of biotin
Cofactor of carboxyltion enzymes: pyruvate carboxylase - acetate - CoA carboxylase - and propionyl - CoA carboxylase
ATP
Fed
Flagella - cilia - mitotic spindles

42. What causes Hartnup's disease
MRNA - tRNA
Post to neg
AR disorder characterized by defective neutral amino acid transporte on renal and intestinal epith cells
Pyruvate carboxylase - PEP carboxykinase - fructose 1 -6 biphosphatase - glucose 6 phosphatase

43. What substances induce phosphofructokinase
AMP - fructose 2 -6 BP
Base + ribose + phosphate (3' -5') phosphodiester bond
ATP and methionine
Protein kinase A

44. How does warfarin work
Immotile cilia due to dynein arm defect - male and femail infertile - bronchiectasis - recurrent sinusitis - associated with situs inversus
Galactitol - galactose appears in blood and urine - can cause infantile cataracta - AR
HMP shunt
Vit K antagonist

45. What does aminoacyl tRNA synthetase do the AA before and after it binds to tRNA - and what happens if it's the wrong the match
Kidney - ears - eyes
Rb and p53
Scrutinizes - hydrolyzes the bond
Miscarriage - stillbirth - chromosomal imbalance (down - patau)

46. What are bite cells and when do you see them
Lysine and leucine
Orotic acid to UMP
Result from phagocytic removal of heinz bodies my macs - G6PD def
2 -4 DNP - aspirin

47. How is Lesch Neyhan inherited
X- linked recessive
Phenylethamolamine N methyl transferase
9+2 arrangement of microtubules
Result from phagocytic removal of heinz bodies my macs - G6PD def

48. congenital deficiency of homogentisic acid oxidase in the degradative pathway of tyrosine to fumarate leading to dark connective tissue - brown pigmented sclera - urine turns black on standing - dz and worst complication
NF2 on chromosome 22
Base + ribose + phosphate (3' -5') phosphodiester bond
Alkaptonuria - may have debiliating arthralgias
Fabrys - alpha galactosidase A - ceramide trihexoside - XR

49. What does the golgi assemble proteoglycans from
Core proteins
Removes phosphate group from substrate
Phenytoin - MTX - and sulfonamides
Covalent cross - linking by lysyl oxidase to make collagen fibrils

50. What enzyme degrades a small amount of glycogen in lysosomes
Prevent strands from reannealing
Alpha 1 -4 glucosidase
Converted to THF - a coenzyme for one - carbon transfer/methylation reactions - important for synthesis of nitrogenous bases in DNA and RNA
Supply sufficient glucose to brain and RBCs and to preserve protein

Sorry!:) No result found.

Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?

Major Subjects
Tests & Exams AP CLEP DSST GRE SAT GMAT	Certifications CISSP go to https://www.isc2.org/ PMP ITIL RHCE MCTS More...	IT Skills Android Programming Data Modeling Objective C Programming Basic Python Programming Adobe Illustrator More...	Business Skills Advertising Techniques Business Accounting Basics Business Strategy Human Resource Management Marketing Basics More...
Soft Skills Body Language People Skills Public Speaking Persuasion Job Hunting And Resumes More...	Vocabulary GRE Vocab SAT Vocab TOEFL Essential Vocab Basic English Words For All Global Words You Should Know Business English More...	Languages AP German Vocab AP Latin Vocab SAT Subject Test: French Italian Survival Norwegian Survival More...	Engineering Audio Engineering Computer Science Engineering Aerospace Engineering Chemical Engineering Structural Engineering More...
Health Sciences Basic Nursing Skills Health Science Language Fundamentals Veterinary Technology Medical Language Cardiology Clinical Surgery More...	English Grammar Fundamentals Literary And Rhetorical Vocab Elements Of Style Vocab Introduction To English Major Complete Advanced Sentences Literature Homonyms More...	Math Algebra Formulas Basic Arithmetic: Measurements Metric Conversions Geometric Properties Important Math Facts Number Sense Vocab Business Math More...	Other Major Subjects Science Economics History Law Performing-arts Cooking Logic & Reasoning Trivia

Test your basic knowledge |

Biochemistry

Sorry!:) No result found.

Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?

Let me suggest you:

Browse all subjects

Browse all tests

Most popular tests

Major Subjects

Tests & Exams

Certifications

IT Skills

Business Skills

Soft Skills

Vocabulary

Languages

Engineering

Health Sciences

English

Math

Other Major Subjects

Browse all subjects

Browse all tests

Most popular tests