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Test your basic knowledge |
Business Competition
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A merger between two firms in the same industry. Example: 2004 K-Mart merged with Sears
Ownership of a Key Input
Third-Degree Price Discrimination
Horizontal Merger/Integration
Present Value (PV)
2. Different units of a product are sold at different prices. Examples are buying in bulk - or - commodity-bundling
Cheating
Second-Degree Price Discrimination
Two-part Tariff Method of Pricing
Cross-subsidy pricing
3. A strategy or action that always provides the best outcome no matter what decisions rivals make
Dominant strategy
Normal-form game
Joint Venture
Prisoner's dilemma
4. Takes Place inside the Mind of the consumer
Product Differentiation
Imperfect competition
Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI)
Nash equilibrium
5. Actions taken by firms to plan for and react to competition from rival firms
Non-rivalrous consumption
Open Collusion
Import competition
Strategic behavior
6. A measure of the difference between price and marginal cost as a fraction of the product's price. L=(P-MC)/P - refactoring gives: P=MC(1/(1-L)) - which gives us the "1/(1-L)" markup factor
Lerner index
Patent
Third-degree price discrimination
Third-Degree Price Discrimination
7. If production of a good requires a particular input - then control of that input can be a barrier to entry
What is game?
Duopoly
Ownership of a Key Input
Open Collusion
8. The exclusive right to a product for a period of 20 years from the date the product is invented
Primary Sources of Monopolistic Power
Prisoners' dilemma
Commodity bundling
Patent
9. The actions by persons - firms - or unions to gain special benefits from government at taxpayer's or someone else's expense
Rent-seeking behavior
Tit-for-tat strategy
Concentration Ratio
Limit price
10. Operates like the alleged Mafia. Region division of the market among the firms in the industry
Competitive market
Open Collusion
Patent
Maximizing profit in Oligopoly games
11. A condition describing a set of strategies in which no player can improve their payoff by unilaterally changing their own strategy given the other player's strategy
Cooperation
Strategic behavior
Nash equilibrium
First-mover advantage
12. A game that is played over and over again forever and in which players receive payoffs during each play of the game
Patent
Dominant strategy equilibrium
Marginal Revenue
Indefinitely repeated game
13. An oligopoly in which the firms produce a differentiated product
Differentiated oligopoly
Bargaining Power of Buyers
Empty threat
Inefficiency
14. A situation in which all decision makers know the payoff table - and they believe all other decision makers also know the payoff table
Merger
Disappearing invisible hand
Common knowledge
Tit-for-tat strategy
15. The situation when a firm's long-run average costs fall as it increases output
Pure monopoly
Economies of scale
Payoff matrix
Disappearing invisible hand
16. The physical characteristics of the market within which firms interact
Price matching
Reservation Price
What is game?
Market Structure
17. Single firm is sole producer of a product for which there are no close substitutes
Pure monopoly
Economies of scale
Collusion
Basis for Product Differentiation
18. Actions taken by a firm to achieve a goal - such as maximizing profits
Undifferentiated
Business strategy
Unbalanced Oligopoly
Bertrand oligopoly
19. A measure of the sensitivity to price of a product group as a whole relative to the sensitivity of the quantity demanded of a single firm to a change in its price. R=Et/Ef
Monopolistic Competition
Block pricing
Rothschild index
Contestable market
20. Multiple firms make the same pricing decisions even though they have not explicitly consulted with each other
Patent
Implicit Collusion
Bertrand oligopoly
Limit pricing
21. When something can be consumed without reducing the benefits available for subsequent consumption; can be consumed without supporting rivalry between consumers
Market
Brand Multiplication
Cutthroat Competition
Non-rivalrous consumption
22. The reward received by a player in a game - such as the profit earned by an oligopolist
Randomized pricing
Simultaneous-move game
Payoff
Primary Sources of Monopolistic Power
23. Game in which each player makes decisions without knowledge of the other player's decisions
First-Degree Price Discrimination (Perfect)
Simultaneous-move game
Transfer pricing
Concentration Ratio
24. In game theory - a statement of harmful intent by one party that the other party views as believable-- "if you do this - we will do that"
Cheating
Credible threat
Payoff matrix
Leader
25. Keeps the price just where it is to maximize profit
Kinked demand curve model
Inter-industry competition
Third-degree price discrimination
Cutthroat Competition
26. Sellers can identify different types of customers and offer each a different price. Examples are special prices for students or the elderly
Perfect Competition (characteristics)
Third-Degree Price Discrimination
Product Differentiation
Limit pricing
27. An agreement among firms in a market about quantities to produce or prices to charge in attempts to limit competition
Cournot equilibrium
Subgame perfect equilibrium
Sweezy oligopoly
Collusion
28. Maximize economic profit by producing the quantity at which MC=MR
Perfect Competitor Making a Profit
Maximizing profit in Oligopoly games
Mutual Interdependence
Contestable market
29. When firms limit production and raise prices in a way that raises each others' profits - even though they have not made any formal agreement
First-mover advantage
Indefinitely repeated game
Merger
Tacit collusion
30. One large firm that has a significant cost advantage over many other - smaller competing firms; -the large firm operates as a monopoly: setting price and output to maximize profit; -the small firms act as perfect competitors: taking as given the mar
Simultaneous consumption
Finding profit for oligopoly games
Socially optimal price
Dominant firm oligopoly
31. Cooperation among firms that does not involve an explicit agreement
Rothschild index
Stackelberg oligopoly
Tacit collusion
Simultaneous-move game
32. The maximum price that a buyer is willing to pay for a good - or the minimum price that a seller will accept
Undifferentiated
Inter-industry competition
Nonprime competition
Reservation Price
33. Produce identical products
Mixed (randomized) strategy
Third-degree price discrimination
Perfect Competition Barriers to Entry
Perfect Competitor Characteristics
34. Revenue-Costs
Strategic behavior
Fair return price
Maximizing profit in Oligopoly games
Profit
35. Long-run marginal cost curve above long-run average cost
Duopoly
Tacit collusion
Perfect Competitor Characteristics
Perfect Competition Long Run Supply
36. First firm to set its output (Stackelberg's model)
Double marginalization
Implicit Collusion
Third-degree price discrimination
Leader
37. Each firm believes that if it raises its price - its competitors will not follow - but if it lowers its price all of its competitors will follow; -a model in which firms in an oligopoly match price cuts by other firms - but do not match price hike
Limit price
Rent-seeking behavior
Prisoners' dilemma
Kinked demand curve model
38. The price of a product that results in the most efficient allocation of an economy's resources and that is equal to the marginal cost of the product
Strategic behavior
Network effects
Empty threat
Socially optimal price
39. Pricing strategy in which consumers are charged a fixed fee for the right to purchase a product - plus a per-unit charge for each unit purchased
Kinked-demand curve
Two-part pricing
Dominant strategy equilibrium
Mixed (randomized) strategy
40. An industry where (1) there are few firms serving many customers; (2) firms produce differentiated products; (3) each firm believes rivals will respond to price reductions but will not follow price increases; and (4) barriers to entry exist
Sweezy oligopoly
Secure strategy
Reservation Price
Limit pricing
41. Price Sensitive
Limit price
Market Structure
Mixed (randomized) strategy
High Price Elasticity
42. In game theory - a decision rule that describes the actions a player will take at each decision point
Dansby-Willig performance index
High Price Elasticity
Perfect Competition Long Run Supply
Strategy
43. Pricing strategy in which a firm optimally sets the internal price at which an upstream division wells an input to a downstream division
Covert Collusion
The Threat from Potential Entrants Firms
Barrier to entry
Transfer pricing
44. A merger of firms in unrelated industries. Example: If Purina Dow Chow merged with Pampers Diaper Company
Minimum efficient scale (full capacity)
Two-part pricing
Conglomerate Merger
Product Differentiation
45. Occurs when a firm produces output - whatever its level - at a higher cost than is necessary to produce it
Repeated game
Inefficiency
Cournot oligopoly
Mutual Interdependence
46. An attempt by a firm to convince buyers that its product is different from the products of other firms in the industry
High Price Elasticity
Two-part pricing
Product differentiation
Extensive-form game
47. A pricing strategy in which profits gained from the sale of one product are used to subsidize sales of a related product
Marginal Revenue
Interdependence
Price matching
Cross-subsidy pricing
48. The smallest quantity at which the average cost curve reaches its minimum
Non-cooperative behavior
Minimum efficient scale (full capacity)
Pure monopoly
Rent-seeking behavior
49. A strategy whereby a player randomizes over two or more available actions in order to keep rivals from being able to predict his action
Reservation Price
Secure strategy
Horizontal Merger/Integration
Mixed (randomized) strategy
50. Rival who sets its output after the leader (Stackelberg's model)
Business strategy
Bargaining Power of Suppliers
Follower
Sequential game