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Test your basic knowledge |
Business Competition
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Toothpaste - shampoo - restaurants - banks
Sequential-move game
Examples of Monopolistic Competition
Minimum efficient scale (full capacity)
No cooperative equilibrium
2. A table that shows the payoffs for every possible action by each player for every possible action by the other player
Mutual interdependence
Perfect Competitor Making a Profit
Kinked demand curve model
Payoff matrix
3. Cooperation among firms that does not involve an explicit agreement
Imperfect competition
Brand Multiplication
Merger
Tacit collusion
4. 1/(1+i)n
Present Value (PV)
Indefinitely repeated game
Marginal Revenue
Common knowledge
5. An establishment firm commits to setting price below the profit-maximizing level to prevent entry
Price discrimination
Stackelberg oligopoly
Mutual Interdependence
Limit pricing
6. Industry where (1) there are few firms serving many customers; (2) firms produce either differentiated or homogenous products; (3) each form believes rivals will hold their output constant if it changes its output; and (4) barriers to entry exist. Fi
Cournot oligopoly
Natural Monopoly (local phone or electric company)
Transfer pricing
Commodity bundling
7. An equilibrium in a game in which players cooperate to increase their mutual payoff
Brand Multiplication
Cooperative equilibrium
Primary Sources of Monopolistic Power
Limit pricing
8. Sets the price at the highest level that is consistent with keeping the potential entrant out. -The strategy of reducing the price to deter entry
Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI)
Double marginalization
Limit pricing
Price discrimination
9. A situation where one firm is able to provide a service at a lower cost than could several competing firms
Market Structure
Natural Monopoly (local phone or electric company)
Block pricing
Horizontal Merger/Integration
10. Marginal cost curve above average variable cost - P* = SRMC
Non-cooperative behavior
Perfect Competition Short Run Supply
Transfer pricing
Payoff
11. The situation when a firm's long-run average costs fall as it increases output
Perfect Competition (characteristics)
Two-part pricing
Economies of scale
Maximizing profit in Oligopoly games
12. In game theory - a decision rule that describes the actions a player will take at each decision point
Strategy
Third-degree price discrimination
Cutthroat Competition
Sequential-move game
13. The smallest quantity at which the average cost curve reaches its minimum
Transfer pricing
Empty threat
Minimum efficient scale (full capacity)
Reservation Price
14. Ignoring the effects of their actions on each others' profits
Dominant strategy
Joint Venture
Examples of Oligopoly
Non-cooperative behavior
15. Produce differentiated products. Make a profit or take a lost in the short run - in the long run the firm will break even. (MOST number of firms.)
Strategic behavior
Monopolistic Characteristics:
Double marginalization
Bargaining Power of Buyers
16. An industry where (1) there are few firms serving many customers; (2) firms produce differentiated products; (3) each firm believes rivals will respond to price reductions but will not follow price increases; and (4) barriers to entry exist
Sweezy oligopoly
Peak-load pricing
Cross-subsidy pricing
Rothschild index
17. A situation in which a change in price strategy by one firm affects sales and profits of another
Empty threat
Leader
Simultaneous decision games
Mutual interdependence
18. Steel - autos - colas - airlines
Subgame perfect equilibrium
Market
Examples of Oligopoly
Mutual Interdependence
19. When managers are able to charge each consumer their reservation price. Examples are car and home sales
First-Degree Price Discrimination (Perfect)
Block pricing
Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI)
Implicit Collusion
20. The practice of charging different prices to consumers for the same good or service
Business strategy
Cheating
Secure strategy
Price discrimination
21. Variations on one good so that a firm can increase market sharea
Brand Multiplication
Two-part pricing
Interdependence
Price discrimination
22. Keeps the price just where it is to maximize profit
Subgame perfect equilibrium
Basis for Product Differentiation
Cutthroat Competition
Follower
23. The derivative of total revenue
Present Value (PV)
Prisoner's dilemma
Marginal Revenue
Price matching
24. Each firm believes that if it raises its price - its competitors will not follow - but if it lowers its price all of its competitors will follow; -a model in which firms in an oligopoly match price cuts by other firms - but do not match price hike
Kinked demand curve model
Profit
Oligopoly
Present Value (PV)
25. A measure of the sensitivity to price of a product group as a whole relative to the sensitivity of the quantity demanded of a single firm to a change in its price. R=Et/Ef
Rothschild index
Price discrimination
Non-price competition
Perfect Competition Barriers to Entry
26. The reward received by a player in a game - such as the profit earned by an oligopolist
Payoff
Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI)
Tacit collusion
Tit-for-tat strategy
27. An agreement among firms in a market about quantities to produce or prices to charge in attempts to limit competition
Collusion
Open Collusion
Trigger strategy
Profit
28. The demand curve for a non-collusive oligopolist - which is based on the assumption that rivals will match a price decrease and will ignore a price increase
First-mover advantage
Dominant firm oligopoly
High Price Elasticity
Kinked-demand curve
29. Different units of a product are sold at different prices. Examples are buying in bulk - or - commodity-bundling
Monopolistic Characteristics:
Two-part Tariff Method of Pricing
Leader
Second-Degree Price Discrimination
30. A strategy or action that always provides the best outcome no matter what decisions rivals make
Basis for Product Differentiation
Dominant strategy
Barrier to entry
Credible threat
31. Many buyers and sellers - product homogeneity - low cost and accurate information - free entry and exit - best regarded as a benchmark
Second-Degree Price Discrimination
Perfect Competition (characteristics)
Monopolistic Characteristics:
Present Value (PV)
32. A combination of two or more companies into one company
Non-rivalrous consumption
Merger
Payoff matrix
Imperfect competition
33. A strategy that is contingent on the past play of a game and ion which some particular past action "triggers" a different action by a player
Vertical Merger
Tacit collusion
Bargaining Power of Suppliers
Trigger strategy
34. The price of a product that results in the most efficient allocation of an economy's resources and that is equal to the marginal cost of the product
Maximizing profit in Oligopoly games
Market Structure
Merger
Socially optimal price
35. An oligopoly in which the firms produce a differentiated product
Differentiated oligopoly
Leader
Network effects
Cutthroat Competition
36. A merger of firms in unrelated industries. Example: If Purina Dow Chow merged with Pampers Diaper Company
Socially optimal price
Strategic behavior
Product Differentiation
Conglomerate Merger
37. The players end up worse off than they would if they were able to cooperate; -the pursuit of self-interest does not promote the social interest in these games
Homogenous oligopoly
Interdependence
Unbalanced Oligopoly
Disappearing invisible hand
38. Both players have dominant strategies and play them
Simultaneous consumption
Vertical Merger
Dominant strategy equilibrium
Conglomerate Merger
39. In game theory - a statement of harmful intent by one party that the other party views as believable-- "if you do this - we will do that"
Covert Collusion
Price discrimination
Credible threat
Price matching
40. The exclusive right to a product for a period of 20 years from the date the product is invented
Patent
The Threat from Potential Entrants Firms
Strategic behavior
Duopoly
41. If buyers have enough bargaining power - they can insist on lower prices - higher-quality products - or additional services
The Threat from Potential Entrants Firms
Maximizing profit in Oligopoly games
Bargaining Power of Buyers
Dominant strategy
42. Actions taken by firms to plan for and react to competition from rival firms
Strategic behavior
Limit pricing
Non-rivalrous consumption
Undifferentiated
43. A product's ability to satisfy a large number of consumers at the same time
Product differentiation
Collusion
Dansby-Willig performance index
Simultaneous consumption
44. An oligopoly in which the firms produce a standardized product
Trigger strategy
Strategic behavior
Homogenous oligopoly
Basis for Product Differentiation
45. The actions by persons - firms - or unions to gain special benefits from government at taxpayer's or someone else's expense
Nash equilibrium
Rent-seeking behavior
Vertical Merger
Implicit Collusion
46. A merger between firms who have a buyer/supplier relationship. Example: BF Goodrich merging with rubber plantations
Lerner index
Rothschild index
Vertical Merger
Extensive-form game
47. Ranks industries according to how much social welfare would improve if the output in an industry were increased by a small amount
Nash equilibrium
Dansby-Willig performance index
Cooperation
Empty threat
48. Demand line is above ATC curve
Perfect Competitor Making a Profit
Rothschild index
Differentiated oligopoly
High Price Elasticity
49. An index of market concentration. Sum of squared market shares of all the firms in the industry times 10K HHI=10 - 000Σwi2
Inter-industry competition
Two-part pricing
Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI)
Price discrimination
50. Intense competition in which competitors cut retail prices to gain business--oligopolistic competition
Price war
Nonprime competition
Second-Degree Price Discrimination
Rent-seeking behavior