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Test your basic knowledge |
Business Competition
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. All firms and individuals willing and able to buy or sell a particular product
Market
Fair return price
Non-price competition
Four-firm concentration ratio
2. A table that shows the payoffs that each firm earns from every combination of strategies by the firms
Payoff matrix
Perfect Competitor Characteristics
Rothschild index
Four-firm concentration ratio
3. Takes Place inside the Mind of the consumer
The Threat from Potential Entrants Firms
No cooperative equilibrium
Equilibrium
Product Differentiation
4. Operates like the alleged Mafia. Region division of the market among the firms in the industry
Limit pricing
Tacit collusion
Simultaneous consumption
Open Collusion
5. Rules - strategies - payoffs - outcomes
What is game?
Market
Limit pricing
Cournot equilibrium
6. A strategy in which a firm advertises a price and a promise to match any lower prices offered by a competitor
Competitive market
First-Degree Price Discrimination (Perfect)
Commodity bundling
Price matching
7. The smallest quantity at which the average cost curve reaches its minimum
Minimum efficient scale (full capacity)
One-shot game
Nash equilibrium
Perfect Competitor Characteristics
8. An equilibrium in a game in which players do not cooperate but pursue their own self-interest
Product Differentiation
No cooperative equilibrium
Extensive-form game
Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI)
9. In game theory - a game that is played again sometime after the previous game ends
Economies of scale
Secure strategy
Barrier to entry
Repeated game
10. The competition that domestic firms encounter from the products and services of foreign producers
Interdependence
Secure strategy
Import competition
Perfect Competition Short Run Supply
11. A situation in which neither firm has incentive to change its output given the other firm's output
Unbalanced Oligopoly
Cournot equilibrium
Simultaneous-move game
Limit price
12. The derivative of total revenue
Block pricing
Perfect Competition Long Run Supply
Marginal Revenue
Monopolistic Competition
13. Pricing strategy in which a firm optimally sets the internal price at which an upstream division wells an input to a downstream division
Follower
Simultaneous-move game
Strategy
Transfer pricing
14. Produce identical products
Perfect Competitor Characteristics
Cournot equilibrium
Double marginalization
Profit
15. The actions by persons - firms - or unions to gain special benefits from government at taxpayer's or someone else's expense
Leader
Rent-seeking behavior
Cooperation
No cooperative equilibrium
16. Produce differentiated products. Make a profit or take a lost in the short run - in the long run the firm will break even. (MOST number of firms.)
Two-part Tariff Method of Pricing
Economies of scale
Maximizing profit in Oligopoly games
Monopolistic Characteristics:
17. Physical differences - Convenience - Ambience - Reputations - Appeals to vanity - Unconscious fears and desires - Snob appeal - Customized products
Market Structure
Two-part Tariff Method of Pricing
Rent-seeking behavior
Basis for Product Differentiation
18. Demand line is above ATC curve
Common knowledge
Non-cooperative equilibrium
Socially optimal price
Perfect Competitor Making a Profit
19. If buyers have enough bargaining power - they can insist on lower prices - higher-quality products - or additional services
Tacit collusion
Duopoly
Nash equilibrium
Bargaining Power of Buyers
20. Each seller can sell all he wants to sell at the going price - Buyers and sellers are price takers - The goods offered by the different sellers are largely the same - The actions of any single buyer or seller will have a negligible impact on the m
Payoff matrix
Price war
Homogenous oligopoly
Competitive market
21. Simultaneous move game that is not repeated
Cutthroat Competition
One-shot game
Third-Degree Price Discrimination
Collusion
22. The practice of charging different prices to consumers for the same good or service
Price discrimination
Common knowledge
Competitive market
Equilibrium
23. Actions taken by a firm to achieve a goal - such as maximizing profits
Import competition
Business strategy
Nonprime competition
Primary Sources of Monopolistic Power
24. 2 firms - simplest case in an oligopoly. Profits higher if limiting their production
What is game?
Nonprime competition
Duopoly
Monopoly (characteristics)
25. First firm to set its output (Stackelberg's model)
Leader
Payoff matrix
Simultaneous consumption
Non-price competition
26. The situation when a firm's long-run average costs fall as it increases output
Profit
Common knowledge
Vertical Merger
Economies of scale
27. A pricing strategy in which profits gained from the sale of one product are used to subsidize sales of a related product
Four-firm concentration ratio
Imperfect competition
Sequential-move game
Cross-subsidy pricing
28. Pricing strategy in which identical products are packaged together in order to enhance profits by forcing customers to make an all-or-none decision to purchase
Bargaining Power of Buyers
Network effects
Block pricing
Third-Degree Price Discrimination
29. An oligopoly in which the firms produce a differentiated product
Differentiated oligopoly
Natural Monopoly (local phone or electric company)
Perfect Competitor Characteristics
Competitive market
30. A strategy whereby a player randomizes over two or more available actions in order to keep rivals from being able to predict his action
Examples of Oligopoly
Kinked demand curve model
Perfect Competition Barriers to Entry
Mixed (randomized) strategy
31. When each firm has an incentive to cheat - but both are worse off if both cheat -- illustrates why cooperation is difficult to maintain even when it is mutually beneficial to do so
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32. Game in which each player makes decisions without knowledge of the other player's decisions
Simultaneous-move game
Two-part pricing
Contestable market
Double marginalization
33. A few firms produce most market output - Products may or may not be differentiated - Effective entry barriers protect firm profitability - Firm interdependence requires strategic thinking
Cross-subsidy pricing
Pure monopoly
Two-part pricing
Oligopoly
34. In game theory - a statement of harmful intent by one party that the other party views as believable-- "if you do this - we will do that"
Credible threat
Prisoner's dilemma
Conglomerate Merger
Socially optimal price
35. The practice of bundling several different products together and selling them at a single "bundle" price
Commodity bundling
Dominant strategy equilibrium
Interdependence
Cutthroat Competition
36. Steel - autos - colas - airlines
Profit
Strategy
Second-Degree Price Discrimination
Examples of Oligopoly
37. Single seller in an industry - Strong barriers to entry - Profit maximization - faces market demand and sets MR=MC - Unexploited gains from trade
Reservation Price
Differentiated oligopoly
Lerner index
Monopoly (characteristics)
38. Toothpaste - shampoo - restaurants - banks
Bargaining Power of Buyers
Examples of Monopolistic Competition
Payoff table
Present Value (PV)
39. Keeps the price just where it is to maximize profit
Secure strategy
Empty threat
Cutthroat Competition
Network effects
40. The exclusive right to a product for a period of 20 years from the date the product is invented
Four-firm concentration ratio
Bertrand oligopoly
Patent
Peak-load pricing
41. 1/(1+i)n
Payoff table
Bargaining Power of Suppliers
Present Value (PV)
Concentration Ratio
42. Variations on one good so that a firm can increase market sharea
Brand Multiplication
Unbalanced Oligopoly
Perfect Competition Long Run Supply
Finding profit for oligopoly games
43. A measure of market power - the percentage of all sales that is accounted for by the four or eight largest firms in the market
Strategic behavior
Price war
Transfer pricing
Concentration Ratio
44. A market in which: (1) all have access to the same technology; (2) consumers respond quickly to price changes; (3) existing firms cannot respond quickly to entry by lowering their prices; and (4) there are no sunk costs
Third-degree price discrimination
Equilibrium
Contestable market
Cheating
45. Nash equilibrium - the result when each player in a game chooses the action that maximizes his or her payoff given the actions of other players - ignoring the effects of his or her action on the payoffs received by those players (when you confess w
Empty threat
Dominant strategy equilibrium
Non-cooperative equilibrium
Prisoners' dilemma
46. The demand curve for a non-collusive oligopolist - which is based on the assumption that rivals will match a price decrease and will ignore a price increase
Vertical Merger
Kinked-demand curve
Covert Collusion
Non-cooperative equilibrium
47. An oligopoly in which the firms produce a standardized product
Homogenous oligopoly
Payoff
Indefinitely repeated game
What is game?
48. Competition based on factors that are not related to price - such as product quality - service and financing - business location - and reputation
Perfect Competitor Characteristics
Nonprime competition
Brand Multiplication
Two-part pricing
49. In game theory - a statement of harmful intent easily dismissed by recipient because threat not considered believable
Sweezy oligopoly
Economies of scale
Monopoly (characteristics)
Empty threat
50. Intense competition in which competitors cut retail prices to gain business--oligopolistic competition
Cheating
Price war
Product differentiation
Tit-for-tat strategy