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Test your basic knowledge |
Business Competition
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Maximize economic profit by producing the quantity at which MC=MR
Business strategy
Payoff matrix
Sequential-move game
Maximizing profit in Oligopoly games
2. The actions by persons - firms - or unions to gain special benefits from government at taxpayer's or someone else's expense
Rent-seeking behavior
Merger
Non-cooperative equilibrium
Dansby-Willig performance index
3. When firms make decisions that make every firm better off than in a noncooperative Nash equilibrium
Stackelberg oligopoly
Strategic behavior
Cooperation
Examples of Oligopoly
4. The smallest quantity at which the average cost curve reaches its minimum
First-mover advantage
Minimum efficient scale (full capacity)
First-Degree Price Discrimination (Perfect)
Indefinitely repeated game
5. Actions taken by a firm to achieve a goal - such as maximizing profits
The Threat from Potential Entrants Firms
Collusion
Lerner index
Business strategy
6. 1/(1+i)n
Patent
Nonprime competition
Present Value (PV)
Inter-industry competition
7. Rival who sets its output after the leader (Stackelberg's model)
Limit pricing
Perfect Competition Long Run Supply
Follower
Perfect Competitor Characteristics
8. A firm whose price decisions are tacitly accepted and followed by others in the industry
Price Leadership
Perfect Competition Long Run Supply
Commodity bundling
Natural Monopoly (local phone or electric company)
9. Takes Place inside the Mind of the consumer
Product Differentiation
Tit-for-tat strategy
What is game?
Price discrimination
10. Price Sensitive
Kinked demand curve model
High Price Elasticity
Bertrand oligopoly
Trigger strategy
11. In game theory - a statement of harmful intent by one party that the other party views as believable-- "if you do this - we will do that"
Perfect Competition Long Run Supply
Credible threat
Commodity bundling
Sequential game
12. The situation that exists when two or more groups need each other and must depend on each other to accomplish a goal that is important to each of them
No cooperative equilibrium
Product Differentiation
Mutual Interdependence
Perfect Competitor Characteristics
13. In game theory - benefit obtained by party that moves first in a sequential game
Brand Multiplication
Sequential game
Product Differentiation
First-mover advantage
14. Using advertising and other means to try to increase a firm's sales
Undifferentiated
Ownership of a Key Input
Price discrimination
Non-price competition
15. Pricing strategy in which identical products are packaged together in order to enhance profits by forcing customers to make an all-or-none decision to purchase
Block pricing
Price Leadership
Prisoner's dilemma
Monopolistic Characteristics:
16. 2 firms - simplest case in an oligopoly. Profits higher if limiting their production
Trigger strategy
Payoff matrix
Duopoly
Conglomerate Merger
17. Industry in which (1) there are few firms serving many customers; (2) firms produce either differentiated or homogenous products; (3) a single (leader) firm chooses an output quantity before their rivals select their outputs; (4) all other (follower)
Limit pricing
Stackelberg oligopoly
Barrier to entry
Fair return price
18. Involves price-fixing
Patent
Tacit collusion
Perfect Competitor Characteristics
Covert Collusion
19. A condition describing a set of strategies in which no player can improve their payoff by unilaterally changing their own strategy given the other player's strategy
Profit
Empty threat
Nash equilibrium
Two-part Tariff Method of Pricing
20. Demand line is above ATC curve
High Price Elasticity
Perfect Competitor Making a Profit
Third-Degree Price Discrimination
Reservation Price
21. Competition based on factors that are not related to price - such as product quality - service and financing - business location - and reputation
First-mover advantage
Nonprime competition
What is game?
Limit price
22. The price that is low enough to deter entry
Limit price
Nonprime competition
Prisoner's dilemma
Randomized pricing
23. Each seller can sell all he wants to sell at the going price - Buyers and sellers are price takers - The goods offered by the different sellers are largely the same - The actions of any single buyer or seller will have a negligible impact on the m
Tacit collusion
Monopolistic Characteristics:
Competitive market
Dominant strategy
24. Nash equilibrium - the result when each player in a game chooses the action that maximizes his or her payoff given the actions of other players - ignoring the effects of his or her action on the payoffs received by those players (when you confess w
Non-cooperative equilibrium
Simultaneous-move game
Finding profit for oligopoly games
Payoff table
25. A representation of a game indicating the players - their possible strategies - and the payoffs resulting from alternative strategies
Interdependence
Normal-form game
Maximizing profit in Oligopoly games
Network effects
26. Pricing strategy in which consumers are charged a fixed fee for the right to purchase a product - plus a per-unit charge for each unit purchased
Two-part pricing
Subgame perfect equilibrium
First-Degree Price Discrimination (Perfect)
Stackelberg oligopoly
27. An equilibrium in a game in which players do not cooperate but pursue their own self-interest
No cooperative equilibrium
Business strategy
Monopoly (characteristics)
Primary Sources of Monopolistic Power
28. A measure of market power - the percentage of all sales that is accounted for by the four or eight largest firms in the market
Commodity bundling
Kinked-demand curve
Minimum efficient scale (full capacity)
Concentration Ratio
29. A game that is played over and over again forever and in which players receive payoffs during each play of the game
Monopolistic Characteristics:
Block pricing
Indefinitely repeated game
Payoff
30. A trigger strategy that punishes after an episode of cheating and returns to cooperation if cheating ends
Block pricing
Covert Collusion
Tit-for-tat strategy
Perfect Competition Short Run Supply
31. A situation in which all decision makers know the payoff table - and they believe all other decision makers also know the payoff table
Socially optimal price
Common knowledge
Mutual interdependence
Limit pricing
32. The reward received by a player in a game - such as the profit earned by an oligopolist
Payoff
Dominant firm oligopoly
Perfect Competition (characteristics)
Profit
33. Game in which one player makes a move after observing the other player's move
Sequential-move game
Examples of Monopolistic Competition
Undifferentiated
Non-price competition
34. The competition that domestic firms encounter from the products and services of foreign producers
Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI)
Disappearing invisible hand
Import competition
No cooperative equilibrium
35. In game theory - game where parties make their moves in turn - one party making the first move followed by the other
Inter-industry competition
Primary Sources of Monopolistic Power
Four-firm concentration ratio
Sequential game
36. Simultaneous move game that is not repeated
Mixed (randomized) strategy
Four-firm concentration ratio
One-shot game
Perfect Competitor Making a Profit
37. One large firm that has a significant cost advantage over many other - smaller competing firms; -the large firm operates as a monopoly: setting price and output to maximize profit; -the small firms act as perfect competitors: taking as given the mar
Simultaneous decision games
Dominant firm oligopoly
Limit pricing
Imperfect competition
38. Single firm is sole producer of a product for which there are no close substitutes
Pure monopoly
Monopolistic Competition
Cross-subsidy pricing
Business strategy
39. Rules - strategies - payoffs - outcomes
Finding profit for oligopoly games
What is game?
Monopolistic Characteristics:
Payoff table
40. A strategy whereby a player randomizes over two or more available actions in order to keep rivals from being able to predict his action
Mutual interdependence
Price war
Mixed (randomized) strategy
High Price Elasticity
41. A representation of a game that summarizes the players - the information available to them at each stage - the strategies available to them - the sequence of moves - and the payoffs resulting from alternative strategies
Marginal Revenue
Cooperative equilibrium
Peak-load pricing
Extensive-form game
42. A strategy or action that always provides the best outcome no matter what decisions rivals make
Implicit Collusion
Four-firm concentration ratio
Dominant strategy
Prisoner's dilemma
43. Many buyers and sellers - product homogeneity - low cost and accurate information - free entry and exit - best regarded as a benchmark
Block pricing
Inter-industry competition
Economies of scale
Perfect Competition (characteristics)
44. Each firm believes that if it raises its price - its competitors will not follow - but if it lowers its price all of its competitors will follow; -a model in which firms in an oligopoly match price cuts by other firms - but do not match price hike
Kinked demand curve model
Limit pricing
Tit-for-tat strategy
Repeated game
45. Occurs when a firm produces output - whatever its level - at a higher cost than is necessary to produce it
Inefficiency
Product Differentiation
Cheating
Mixed (randomized) strategy
46. A strategy in which a firm advertises a price and a promise to match any lower prices offered by a competitor
Price matching
Homogenous oligopoly
Monopolistic Characteristics:
Import competition
47. An oligopoly in which the sales of the leading (top four) firms are distributed unevenly among them
Present Value (PV)
Unbalanced Oligopoly
Second-Degree Price Discrimination
Maximizing profit in Oligopoly games
48. Pricing strategy in which higher prices are charged during peak hours than during off-peak hours
Peak-load pricing
Homogenous oligopoly
Cheating
Product Differentiation
49. Ranks industries according to how much social welfare would improve if the output in an industry were increased by a small amount
Finding profit for oligopoly games
Dansby-Willig performance index
Cooperation
Socially optimal price
50. The practice of bundling several different products together and selling them at a single "bundle" price
Monopolistic Characteristics:
Product differentiation
Nonprime competition
Commodity bundling