SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Business Competition
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An equilibrium in a game in which players do not cooperate but pursue their own self-interest
No cooperative equilibrium
Subgame perfect equilibrium
Monopolistic Characteristics:
Rothschild index
2. The competition that domestic firms encounter from the products and services of foreign producers
Socially optimal price
Import competition
Horizontal Merger/Integration
Imperfect competition
3. A situation in which all decision makers know the payoff table - and they believe all other decision makers also know the payoff table
Non-price competition
Common knowledge
Marginal Revenue
Nash equilibrium
4. An attempt by a firm to convince buyers that its product is different from the products of other firms in the industry
Competitive market
Dominant strategy
Product differentiation
Basis for Product Differentiation
5. When a manager makes a noncooperative decision
Interdependence
Non-cooperative behavior
Cheating
Cooperation
6. A strategy or action that always provides the best outcome no matter what decisions rivals make
Leader
Business strategy
Dominant strategy
First-Degree Price Discrimination (Perfect)
7. Nash equilibrium - the result when each player in a game chooses the action that maximizes his or her payoff given the actions of other players - ignoring the effects of his or her action on the payoffs received by those players (when you confess w
Non-cooperative equilibrium
Price matching
High Price Elasticity
Price discrimination
8. Price Sensitive
High Price Elasticity
Third-Degree Price Discrimination
Market Structure
Product Differentiation
9. Intense competition in which competitors cut retail prices to gain business--oligopolistic competition
Cournot oligopoly
Price war
Transfer pricing
Examples of Oligopoly
10. Specific assets - Economies of scale - Excess capacity - Reputation effects
Perfect Competition Barriers to Entry
Sequential-move game
Common knowledge
Product Differentiation
11. Game in which each player makes decisions without knowledge of the other player's decisions
Simultaneous-move game
Barrier to entry
Examples of Oligopoly
Payoff table
12. The players end up worse off than they would if they were able to cooperate; -the pursuit of self-interest does not promote the social interest in these games
Cheating
Disappearing invisible hand
Stackelberg oligopoly
Present Value (PV)
13. First firm to set its output (Stackelberg's model)
Leader
Non-price competition
Patent
Price Leadership
14. A table that shows the payoffs for every possible action by each player for every possible action by the other player
Finding profit for oligopoly games
Credible threat
Concentration Ratio
Payoff matrix
15. Sets the price at the highest level that is consistent with keeping the potential entrant out. -The strategy of reducing the price to deter entry
Limit pricing
Payoff matrix
Price war
Follower
16. Different units of a product are sold at different prices. Examples are buying in bulk - or - commodity-bundling
Product differentiation
Price Leadership
Second-Degree Price Discrimination
Bargaining Power of Buyers
17. When an upstream divisions leverages "monopoly like" power to charge higher marginal cost to a downstream division - resulting in failure of the firm to optimize profits based on the wrong quantity decision at the firms level
Double marginalization
Equilibrium
Perfect Competitor Making a Profit
Marginal Revenue
18. The derivative of total revenue
Marginal Revenue
Economies of scale
Trigger strategy
Minimum efficient scale (full capacity)
19. Face competition from companies that currently are not in the market but might enter
Third-degree price discrimination
The Threat from Potential Entrants Firms
Cournot equilibrium
Empty threat
20. A representation of a game indicating the players - their possible strategies - and the payoffs resulting from alternative strategies
Perfect Competition (characteristics)
Pure monopoly
Normal-form game
Secure strategy
21. In game theory - a decision rule that describes the actions a player will take at each decision point
Pure monopoly
One-shot game
Strategy
Simultaneous consumption
22. The percentage of the total industry sales accounted for by the four largest firms in the industry. OUTPUT of 4 largest firms over TOTAL output in industry. C4=(S1+...+S4)/St or (w1+...+w4)
Four-firm concentration ratio
Block pricing
Strategy
Finding profit for oligopoly games
23. An equilibrium in a game in which players cooperate to increase their mutual payoff
Cooperative equilibrium
Ownership of a Key Input
Bertrand oligopoly
Bargaining Power of Buyers
24. In game theory - a statement of harmful intent by one party that the other party views as believable-- "if you do this - we will do that"
Third-degree price discrimination
Peak-load pricing
Credible threat
Trigger strategy
25. The demand curve for a non-collusive oligopolist - which is based on the assumption that rivals will match a price decrease and will ignore a price increase
Kinked-demand curve
Natural Monopoly (local phone or electric company)
Price Leadership
Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI)
26. Demand line is above ATC curve
Perfect Competitor Making a Profit
Contestable market
Product Differentiation
Third-degree price discrimination
27. Sellers can identify different types of customers and offer each a different price. Examples are special prices for students or the elderly
Cournot oligopoly
Profit
Third-Degree Price Discrimination
Price matching
28. An oligopoly in which the firms produce a standardized product
Nash equilibrium
Limit pricing
Homogenous oligopoly
Maximizing profit in Oligopoly games
29. Pricing strategy in which identical products are packaged together in order to enhance profits by forcing customers to make an all-or-none decision to purchase
Cournot oligopoly
Perfect Competitor Making a Profit
Block pricing
Randomized pricing
30. Many buyers and sellers - product homogeneity - low cost and accurate information - free entry and exit - best regarded as a benchmark
Rothschild index
Bargaining Power of Buyers
Perfect Competition (characteristics)
One-shot game
31. Steel - autos - colas - airlines
Patent
Perfect Competition (characteristics)
Examples of Oligopoly
Payoff
32. In game theory - a statement of harmful intent easily dismissed by recipient because threat not considered believable
Empty threat
Merger
Contestable market
Dominant strategy
33. Revenue-Costs
Profit
Monopolistic Characteristics:
Third-degree price discrimination
Network effects
34. A pricing strategy in which profits gained from the sale of one product are used to subsidize sales of a related product
Payoff matrix
Implicit Collusion
Equilibrium
Cross-subsidy pricing
35. A table showing - for every possible combination of decisions players can make - the outcomes or "payoffs" for each of the players in each decision combination
Marginal Revenue
Mutual interdependence
Payoff table
Common knowledge
36. Actions taken by a firm to achieve a goal - such as maximizing profits
Primary Sources of Monopolistic Power
Product Differentiation
Natural Monopoly (local phone or electric company)
Business strategy
37. Cooperation among firms that does not involve an explicit agreement
Merger
Tacit collusion
Collusion
Second-Degree Price Discrimination
38. A situation in which neither firm has incentive to change its output given the other firm's output
Reservation Price
Cournot equilibrium
Commodity bundling
Randomized pricing
39. Multiple firms produce similar products - Firms face downward sloping demand curves - Profit maximization occurs where MC=MR - With free entry and exit - firms compete away economic profits
Secure strategy
Ownership of a Key Input
Monopolistic Competition
Four-firm concentration ratio
40. All firms and individuals willing and able to buy or sell a particular product
Perfect Competition Long Run Supply
Market
Perfect Competitor Characteristics
Simultaneous consumption
41. When no one firm has a monopoly - but producers nonetheless realize that they can affect market prices. Firms compete but possess market power
Primary Sources of Monopolistic Power
Imperfect competition
Rothschild index
Mixed (randomized) strategy
42. Both players have dominant strategies and play them
Dominant strategy equilibrium
Homogenous oligopoly
Minimum efficient scale (full capacity)
Common knowledge
43. Single firm is sole producer of a product for which there are no close substitutes
Undifferentiated
Pure monopoly
Two-part Tariff Method of Pricing
Monopolistic Competition
44. 1/(1+i)n
Fair return price
Present Value (PV)
Minimum efficient scale (full capacity)
Payoff matrix
45. Ranks industries according to how much social welfare would improve if the output in an industry were increased by a small amount
One-shot game
Dansby-Willig performance index
Covert Collusion
Price discrimination
46. In game theory - game where parties make their moves in turn - one party making the first move followed by the other
Sequential game
Oligopoly
Common knowledge
Price Leadership
47. Takes Place inside the Mind of the consumer
Product Differentiation
Socially optimal price
Double marginalization
Natural Monopoly (local phone or electric company)
48. A few firms produce most market output - Products may or may not be differentiated - Effective entry barriers protect firm profitability - Firm interdependence requires strategic thinking
Empty threat
Sequential game
Stackelberg oligopoly
Oligopoly
49. A combination of two or more companies into one company
Repeated game
Minimum efficient scale (full capacity)
Merger
Sweezy oligopoly
50. Each firm believes that if it raises its price - its competitors will not follow - but if it lowers its price all of its competitors will follow; -a model in which firms in an oligopoly match price cuts by other firms - but do not match price hike
Simultaneous consumption
Cross-subsidy pricing
Commodity bundling
Kinked demand curve model