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Test your basic knowledge |
Business Competition
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An equilibrium in a game in which players do not cooperate but pursue their own self-interest
Limit price
Tit-for-tat strategy
No cooperative equilibrium
Price discrimination
2. Industry where (1) there are few firms serving many customers; (2) firms produce either differentiated or homogenous products; (3) each form believes rivals will hold their output constant if it changes its output; and (4) barriers to entry exist. Fi
Nonprime competition
Cross-subsidy pricing
Perfect Competition Short Run Supply
Cournot oligopoly
3. A situation in which a change in price strategy by one firm affects sales and profits of another
Mutual interdependence
Payoff matrix
Perfect Competition Barriers to Entry
Duopoly
4. The rules describe the setting of the game - the actions the players may take - and the consequences of those actions; -Advertising and R&D are also prisoners' dilemmas
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5. In game theory - a statement of harmful intent easily dismissed by recipient because threat not considered believable
Empty threat
Two-part Tariff Method of Pricing
Mutual Interdependence
Bargaining Power of Buyers
6. A strategy that guarantees the highest payoff given the worst possible scenario
Economies of scale
Secure strategy
One-shot game
Simultaneous-move game
7. In game theory - game where parties make their moves in turn - one party making the first move followed by the other
Sequential game
Covert Collusion
Limit price
Horizontal Merger/Integration
8. The smallest quantity at which the average cost curve reaches its minimum
Socially optimal price
Competitive market
Interdependence
Minimum efficient scale (full capacity)
9. Operates like the alleged Mafia. Region division of the market among the firms in the industry
Open Collusion
Extensive-form game
Equilibrium
Randomized pricing
10. Occurs when a firm produces output - whatever its level - at a higher cost than is necessary to produce it
Rent-seeking behavior
Empty threat
Perfect Competitor Making a Profit
Inefficiency
11. All firms and individuals willing and able to buy or sell a particular product
Leader
Cooperation
Non-cooperative equilibrium
Market
12. (1) Economies of Scale; (2) Economies of Scope; (3) Cost Complementarity; and (4)Patents & Other Legal Barriers
First-Degree Price Discrimination (Perfect)
Perfect Competitor Characteristics
Contestable market
Primary Sources of Monopolistic Power
13. When a manager makes a noncooperative decision
Mutual interdependence
Product Differentiation
Payoff
Cheating
14. Game in which one player makes a move after observing the other player's move
Nonprime competition
Third-Degree Price Discrimination
Sequential-move game
Double marginalization
15. A table that shows the payoffs that each firm earns from every combination of strategies by the firms
Payoff matrix
Dansby-Willig performance index
Differentiated oligopoly
Two-part pricing
16. Single firm is sole producer of a product for which there are no close substitutes
Pure monopoly
Import competition
Concentration Ratio
Finding profit for oligopoly games
17. Ignoring the effects of their actions on each others' profits
Competitive market
Non-cooperative behavior
Monopoly (characteristics)
Brand Multiplication
18. A situation in which competing firms must make their individual decisions without knowing the decisions of their rivals
One-shot game
Simultaneous decision games
Payoff table
Import competition
19. Industry in which (1) there are few firms serving many customers; (2) firms produce either differentiated or homogenous products; (3) a single (leader) firm chooses an output quantity before their rivals select their outputs; (4) all other (follower)
Implicit Collusion
Imperfect competition
Stackelberg oligopoly
Tacit collusion
20. A condition describing a set of strategies that constitutes a Nash equilibrium and allows no player to improve their own payoff at any stage of the game by changing strategies
Subgame perfect equilibrium
Dominant strategy equilibrium
Disappearing invisible hand
Minimum efficient scale (full capacity)
21. Actions taken by firms to plan for and react to competition from rival firms
Strategic behavior
Subgame perfect equilibrium
Rothschild index
Empty threat
22. A measure of the difference between price and marginal cost as a fraction of the product's price. L=(P-MC)/P - refactoring gives: P=MC(1/(1-L)) - which gives us the "1/(1-L)" markup factor
Sweezy oligopoly
Perfect Competition Short Run Supply
Lerner index
Oligopoly
23. 1/(1+i)n
Present Value (PV)
Inefficiency
Interdependence
Dansby-Willig performance index
24. Price of a product that enables its producer to obtain a normal profit & that is equal to the ATC of producing it
Bargaining Power of Buyers
Fair return price
Contestable market
Cheating
25. When something can be consumed without reducing the benefits available for subsequent consumption; can be consumed without supporting rivalry between consumers
Differentiated oligopoly
Concentration Ratio
Non-rivalrous consumption
Maximizing profit in Oligopoly games
26. Intense competition in which competitors cut retail prices to gain business--oligopolistic competition
Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI)
Credible threat
High Price Elasticity
Price war
27. Multiple firms make the same pricing decisions even though they have not explicitly consulted with each other
Implicit Collusion
Product differentiation
Barrier to entry
Commodity bundling
28. A market in which: (1) all have access to the same technology; (2) consumers respond quickly to price changes; (3) existing firms cannot respond quickly to entry by lowering their prices; and (4) there are no sunk costs
Contestable market
Two-part pricing
What is game?
Marginal Revenue
29. A representation of a game that summarizes the players - the information available to them at each stage - the strategies available to them - the sequence of moves - and the payoffs resulting from alternative strategies
Extensive-form game
Perfect Competition (characteristics)
The Threat from Potential Entrants Firms
Stackelberg oligopoly
30. Competition based on factors that are not related to price - such as product quality - service and financing - business location - and reputation
Nonprime competition
Cooperative equilibrium
Barrier to entry
Strategy
31. Each seller can sell all he wants to sell at the going price - Buyers and sellers are price takers - The goods offered by the different sellers are largely the same - The actions of any single buyer or seller will have a negligible impact on the m
Randomized pricing
Finding profit for oligopoly games
Four-firm concentration ratio
Competitive market
32. Pricing strategy in which a firm optimally sets the internal price at which an upstream division wells an input to a downstream division
Minimum efficient scale (full capacity)
Differentiated oligopoly
Price discrimination
Transfer pricing
33. Cooperation among firms that does not involve an explicit agreement
Non-cooperative equilibrium
Common knowledge
Cournot equilibrium
Tacit collusion
34. When firms make decisions that make every firm better off than in a noncooperative Nash equilibrium
Leader
Oligopoly
Cooperation
Kinked-demand curve
35. Set marginal cost for the cartel equal to marginal revenue for the cartel; -cartel's marginal cost curve is the horizontal sum of the MC curves of the two firms; -Marginal revenue curve is like that of a monopoly
Cheating
Transfer pricing
Simultaneous decision games
Finding profit for oligopoly games
36. A measure of market power - the percentage of all sales that is accounted for by the four or eight largest firms in the market
Strategy
Perfect Competitor Characteristics
Concentration Ratio
Dominant strategy
37. Price Sensitive
Block pricing
Duopoly
High Price Elasticity
Limit pricing
38. A combination of two or more companies into one company
Merger
Competitive market
Cooperation
Barrier to entry
39. A situation in which all decision makers know the payoff table - and they believe all other decision makers also know the payoff table
Pure monopoly
The Threat from Potential Entrants Firms
Inefficiency
Common knowledge
40. Both players have dominant strategies and play them
Kinked demand curve model
Concentration Ratio
Dominant strategy equilibrium
Imperfect competition
41. A strategy or action that always provides the best outcome no matter what decisions rivals make
Homogenous oligopoly
First-Degree Price Discrimination (Perfect)
Dominant strategy
Brand Multiplication
42. Steel - autos - colas - airlines
First-mover advantage
Examples of Oligopoly
Limit price
Dominant firm oligopoly
43. The actions by persons - firms - or unions to gain special benefits from government at taxpayer's or someone else's expense
Limit pricing
Rent-seeking behavior
Sweezy oligopoly
Lerner index
44. A product's ability to satisfy a large number of consumers at the same time
Simultaneous consumption
Horizontal Merger/Integration
Subgame perfect equilibrium
Limit pricing
45. The maximum price that a buyer is willing to pay for a good - or the minimum price that a seller will accept
Rent-seeking behavior
Perfect Competition (characteristics)
Brand Multiplication
Reservation Price
46. The practice of charging different prices to consumers for the same good or service
Stackelberg oligopoly
Tit-for-tat strategy
Price discrimination
Trigger strategy
47. Identical or substitutable
Bertrand oligopoly
Undifferentiated
Product differentiation
Monopolistic Characteristics:
48. A business arrangement in which two or more firms undertake a specific economic activity together. Once the activity is over - the firms go their own way
Normal-form game
Sequential game
Rothschild index
Joint Venture
49. Long-run marginal cost curve above long-run average cost
Prisoner's dilemma
High Price Elasticity
Indefinitely repeated game
Perfect Competition Long Run Supply
50. Pricing strategy in which consumers are charged a fixed fee for the right to purchase a product - plus a per-unit charge for each unit purchased
Cutthroat Competition
Market
Two-part pricing
Brand Multiplication