Test your basic knowledge |

Cardiac

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the most common cause of endocarditis in IV drug users?
Autoimmune pericarditis 6-8 wks post MI
Increased arterial resistence decreases shunting - allowing more blood to reach lungs
Maternal diabetes
S aureus

2. What type of shunt does transposition of the great vessels cause?
Positive blood cultures anemia of chronic disease
Coronary artery vasospasm - emboli - vasculitis
R-->L
Dark discoloration coagulative necrosis

3. What does rupture of the IV septum cause?
Ehlers - Danlow and Marfan syndrome
Shunt
Contraction band necrosis
ST- segment elevation

4. What type of collagen is involved in fibrosis?
Osler nodes (ouch - ouch Osler)
Hypercoagulable state or underlying adenocarcinoma
Membrane damage
Type I

5. Endomyocardial fibrosis w/eosinophilic infiltrate and eosinophilia.
Ischemic heart disease
Loeffler syndrome
Circumflex
Left to right shunt causes increased flow thru pulm circulation which results in hypertrophy of pulm vessels and pulm htn - increased pulm resistance results in reveral of shunt

6. What gross and microscopic changes occur 1-3 days after an MI?
Arrhythmia - CHF - angina - syncope - microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
Yellow pallor macrophages
Yellow pallor neutrophils
Prinzmetal angina - cocaine

7. Dilated cardiomyopathy is a late complication of what illness?
Anterior wall of LV and anterior septum
Mitral mitral+aortic
Myocarditis
Ehlers - Danlow and Marfan syndrome

8. What is a common complication of cardiac metastasis?
Pericardial effusion due to pericardial involvement
Aspirin and/or heparin - supplemental O2 - nitrates - beta blocker - ACE inhibitor - fibrinolysis or angioplasty
Limits thrombosis
Minimizes ischemia

9. Lower extremity cyanosis in infants? In adults?
Constrict peripheral arterioles - increasing TPR - release aldosterone - increasing blood volume
Pts w/previously damaged valves
Infantile coarctation of the aorta PDA
Large - destructive vegetations

10. What is the most common type of endocarditis?
Adult coarctation of the aorta
Acute ischemia - mitral valve prolapse - cardiomyopathy - cocaine abuse
Infectious
Backward: dyspnea - PND - orthopnea - crackles (pulmonary congestion and edema) - heart failure cells forward: fluid retention due to decreased flow to kidneys leading to activation of RAA

11. Which congenital heart defect is associated with congenital rubella?
Decreased forward perfusion pulmonary congestion
Rhabdomyoma
PDA
Ehlers - Danlow and Marfan syndrome

12. What causes a mid - systolic click followed by a regurgitation murmur?
Mitral valve prolapse
Loss of fx
Heart can't fill
Myxoid degeneration

13. What genetic conditions predispose a pt to mitral valve prolapse?
Left to right shunt causes increased flow thru pulm circulation which results in hypertrophy of pulm vessels and pulm htn - increased pulm resistance results in reveral of shunt
Gelatinous - abundant ground substance
Mitral regurgitation due to vegetations
Ehlers - Danlow and Marfan syndrome

14. What is the most comon cause of aortic regurg? What are the other causes?
Elevated ASO anti - DNase B titers
Aortic regurg
Isolated root dilation - valve damage (infective endocarditis) - aortic root dilation (syphilitic aneurysm or aortic dissection)
Arthritis in a large joint (wrist - knees - ankles) that resolves within days and migrates to another large joint

15. Friction rub and chest pain.
Repeat exposure to group A beta - hemolytic strep that results in relapse of the acute phase
Pericarditits
Tuberous sclerosis
Pancarditis

16. What causes notching of the ribs in adult coarctation of the aorta?
Intercostal arteries enlarged due to collateral circulation
Thickening of chrodae tendinae and cusps - mitral stenosis
45%
Right side - serotonin and other secretory products detoxified in the lung

17. What maintains patency of the PDA?
Yellow pallor macrophages
Libman - Sacks endocarditis
Haemophilus - Actinobacillus - Cardiobacterium - Eikenella - Kingella endocarditis w/negative blood culture
PGE

18. Which coronary artery supplies the anterior wall and anterior septum?
Congested central veins
LAD
Anterior wall of LV and anterior septum
Endocardial fibroelastosis

19. What coronary arterysupplies the lateral wall of the LV?
Circumflex
SLE
Rhabdomyoma
Squatting - expiration

20. What cardiac disease is associated with tuberous sclerosis?
Hypercoagulable state or underlying adenocarcinoma
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Mitral regurg
Rhabdomyoma

21. What is the major cause of MI?
Aschoff bodies
Rupture of atherosclerotic plaque and complete occlusion of the coronary artery
Infectious endocarditis
Small - nondestructive vegetations (subacute endocarditis)

22. What increases the volume of mitral regurg murmur?
Concentric hypertrophy - can't oxygenate full wall - ischemic damage
Holosystolic blowing murmur
Squat in response to cyanotic spell
Squatting - expiration

23. Is scar tissue or myocardium stronger?
Large vegetations of S aureus
1-3 days
Myocardium
Prinzmetal stable and unstable

24. What two things cause coronary artery vasospasm?
Prinzmetal angina - cocaine
Gelatinous - abundant ground substance
Valve scarring that arises as a consequence of rheumatic fever
Troponin I

25. What effect does dilated cardiomyopathy have on the heart?
Bicuspid aortic valve
Systolic dysfx leading to biventricular CHF
Split S2 on auscultation
CHF

26. What tests show prior group A beta - hemolytic strep infection?
R-->L
Elevated ASO anti - DNase B titers
LHF - left - to - right shunt - chronic lung disease (cor pulmonale)
Bacterial M protein resembles proteins in human tissue - 'molecular mimicry'

27. Which coronary artery supplies the posterior wall of the LV and posterior septum?
RCA
Months out fibrosis
Endomyocardial fibrosis w/eosinophilic infiltrate and eosinophilia
Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (marantic endocarditis)

28. What conditions can cause nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis?
Hypercoagulable state or underlying adenocarcinoma
Circumflex
Red border granulation tissue
Repeat exposure to group A beta - hemolytic strep that results in relapse of the acute phase

29. Are most congenital heart defects spontaneous or inherited?
LAD
Breast and lung carcinoma - melanoma - lymphoma
1) damaged endocardial surface develops thrombotic vegetations 2) transient bacteremia leads to trapping of bacteria in the vegetations
Spontaneous

30. What is the JOneS mneumonic?
Mitral stenosis
Fibrosis and dystrophic calcification
Major criteria of Jones criteria for acute rheumatic fever J: joint (migratory polyarthritis) O: heart (pancarditis) N: nodules (subcutaneous nodules) E: erythema marginatum S: Sydenham chorea
Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (marantic endocarditis)

31. When is a post - MI pt at highest risk for a mural thrombus? With what microscopic change is this complication associated?
Infectious
Annular - non pruritic rash w/erythematous borders trunks and limbs
Months out fibrosis
Bounding pulse

32. What type of vegetations form in nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis?
Sterile vegetations on mitral valve along lines of closure
Louder - increased systemic resistence decreases LV emptying
Aortic regurg
Slow HR - decreasing O2 demand and risk for arrhythmia

33. What causes angina and syncope in aortic stenosis?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

34. When do neutrophils infiltrate the myocardium post MI?
CK- MB
1-3 days
Decrease preload -->lowers myocardial stress
Ehlers - Danlow and Marfan syndrome

35. What gross and microscopic changes occur 1-3 weeks after an MI?
Red border granulation tissue
VSD
Shunt
Myocarditis

36. When is a post - MI pt at highest risk for an aneurysm? With what microscopic change is this complication associated?
Endocardial fibroelastosis
Infantile coarctation of the aorta
Contraction band necrosis
Months out fibrosis

37. In transposition of the great vessels - What is required for survival? How is this achieved?
Shunt - PGE to maintain PDA until surgical repair can be performed
2-4 hours - 24 hours - 7-10 days
Dark discoloration coagulative necrosis
Endocardial fibroelastosis

38. What complications occur within 4 hrs post MI?
Endocardial fibroelastosis (rare)
Cardiogenic shock - CHF - arrhythmia
Squatting - expiration
Dilated

39. With what developmental disorder is VSD associated?
Arthritis in a large joint (wrist - knees - ankles) that resolves within days and migrates to another large joint
Fetal alcohol syndrome
Chronic ischemic heart disease
Inability to maintain systemic pressure w/lack of O2 to vital organs

40. Myofiber hypertrophy with disarray.
Sudden cardiac death
Increased O2 demand during exercise but can't increase CO b/c of narrowed valve
Aortic regurg
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

41. When do troponin levels rise - peak - and return to normal?
PDA
2-4 hours - 24 hours - 7-10 days
Evidence of prior group A beta - hemolytic strep plus major and minor criteria
Anterior wall of LV and anterior septum

42. Unexpected death due to cardiac disease w/o sx or <1hr after sx arise?
Sudden cardiac death
Ehlers - Danlow and Marfan syndrome
Ventricular arrhythmia
AD mutation in sarcomere proteins

43. What drugs can cause dilated cardiomyopathy?
Doxorubicin - cocaine
LA dilation
Thickening of chrodae tendinae and cusps - mitral stenosis
LAD

44. What does nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis cause?
Mitral regurg
4-6 hours - 24 hours - 72 hours
LHF - left - to - right shunt - chronic lung disease (cor pulmonale)
Group A beta - hemolytic streptococci

45. What are the laboratory findings of bacterial endocarditis?
Paradoxical emboli
Positive blood cultures anemia of chronic disease
Left -->right
Atherosclerosis of coronary arteries

46. What type of vegetations does nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (marantic endocarditis) cause?
Rupture of plaque with w/thrombus and incomplete occlusion of coronary artery
Small - sterile fibrin deposits randomly arranged on closure of valve leaflets
PDA
Loss of fx

47. What gross and microscopic changes occur 4-24 hours after an MI?
Myocardium
Dark discoloration coagulative necrosis
Myocarditis
Increased O2 demand during exercise but can't increase CO b/c of narrowed valve

48. In which chamber of the heart are cardiac myxomas found?
Mitral regurg
Squatting - expiration
LA
Pump failure

49. Which angina(s) show ST elevation on EKG? ST depression?
Amyloidosis - sarcoidosis - hemochromatosis - and Loeffler syndrome
Tricuspid
Prinzmetal stable and unstable
Small - nondestructive vegetations (subacute endocarditis)

50. In which pts does S viridans cause endocarditits?
Decrease preload -->lowers myocardial stress
3-8 wks
Repeat exposure to group A beta - hemolytic strep that results in relapse of the acute phase
Pts w/previously damaged valves

Sorry!:) No result found.

Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?

Major Subjects
Tests & Exams AP CLEP DSST GRE SAT GMAT	Certifications CISSP go to https://www.isc2.org/ PMP ITIL RHCE MCTS More...	IT Skills Android Programming Data Modeling Objective C Programming Basic Python Programming Adobe Illustrator More...	Business Skills Advertising Techniques Business Accounting Basics Business Strategy Human Resource Management Marketing Basics More...
Soft Skills Body Language People Skills Public Speaking Persuasion Job Hunting And Resumes More...	Vocabulary GRE Vocab SAT Vocab TOEFL Essential Vocab Basic English Words For All Global Words You Should Know Business English More...	Languages AP German Vocab AP Latin Vocab SAT Subject Test: French Italian Survival Norwegian Survival More...	Engineering Audio Engineering Computer Science Engineering Aerospace Engineering Chemical Engineering Structural Engineering More...
Health Sciences Basic Nursing Skills Health Science Language Fundamentals Veterinary Technology Medical Language Cardiology Clinical Surgery More...	English Grammar Fundamentals Literary And Rhetorical Vocab Elements Of Style Vocab Introduction To English Major Complete Advanced Sentences Literature Homonyms More...	Math Algebra Formulas Basic Arithmetic: Measurements Metric Conversions Geometric Properties Important Math Facts Number Sense Vocab Business Math More...	Other Major Subjects Science Economics History Law Performing-arts Cooking Logic & Reasoning Trivia

Test your basic knowledge |

Cardiac

Sorry!:) No result found.

Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?

Let me suggest you:

Browse all subjects

Browse all tests

Most popular tests

Major Subjects

Tests & Exams

Certifications

IT Skills

Business Skills

Soft Skills

Vocabulary

Languages

Engineering

Health Sciences

English

Math

Other Major Subjects

Browse all subjects

Browse all tests

Most popular tests