Test your basic knowledge |

Cardiac

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the most common cause of infectious endocarditis?
Dressler syndrome
Streptococcus viridans
Prinzmetal angina - cocaine
Increased hydrostatic pressure

2. Which angina(s) show ST elevation on EKG? ST depression?
Split S2 on auscultation
Idiopathic genetic mutation (AD) - myocarditis - alcohol - drugs - pregnancy
1) damaged endocardial surface develops thrombotic vegetations 2) transient bacteremia leads to trapping of bacteria in the vegetations
Prinzmetal stable and unstable

3. What is Loeffler syndrome?
Endomyocardial fibrosis w/eosinophilic infiltrate and eosinophilia
Dilated
Increased O2 demand during exercise but can't increase CO b/c of narrowed valve
Elevated ASO anti - DNase B titers

4. What congenital heart defect often is present with infantile coarctation of the aorta?
PDA
Months out fibrosis
R-->L
Heart can't fill

5. How does restrictive cardiomyopathy cause LHF?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

6. What congenital heart defect presents later in life with lower extremity cyanosis?
>60 years - bicuspid aortic valve
PDA
Loss of LV fx
Fusion of the commissures with 'fish mouth' appearence - aortic stenosis

7. What compensatory mechanism do tetralogy of fallot pts learn?
VSD
LA dilation
Squat in response to cyanotic spell
Anterior wall of LV and anterior septum

8. What is the gold standard blood marker for MI?
Mitral regurg
L->R
Pericarditits
Troponin I

9. What heart sound manifest with an ASD?
Ventricular arrhythmia
Open blocked vessels
Arthritis in a large joint (wrist - knees - ankles) that resolves within days and migrates to another large joint
Split S2 on auscultation

10. Friction rub and chest pain.
Small - sterile fibrin deposits randomly arranged on closure of valve leaflets
Indomethacin - decreases PGE
Pericarditits
Surgical closure small defects may close spontaneously

11. What drug relieves stable angina?
Nitroglycerin
Tuberous sclerosis
Mitral mitral+aortic
Myocarditis in acute rheumatic heart fever

12. Dilated cardiomyopathy is a late complication of what illness?
Prinzmetal stable and unstable
Myofiber hypertrophy with disarray
Pulsating nail bed
Myocarditis

13. What are the clinical features of LHF due to?
Infectious endocarditis - arrythmias - severe mitral regurg no
PDA
Nitroglycerin
Decreased forward perfusion pulmonary congestion

14. What is a complication of chronic rheumatic heart disease?
LV dilation and eccentric hypertrophy
Holosystolic machine like murmur
Infectious endocarditis
Endocarditis of prosthetic valves

15. What generally causes ischemic heart disease?
Positive blood cultures anemia of chronic disease
Arrhythmia - CHF - angina - syncope - microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
Ostium secundum (90%)
Atherosclerosis of coronary arteries

16. What gross and microscopic changes occur 1-3 weeks after an MI?
PDA
Red border granulation tissue
Hypercoagulable state or underlying adenocarcinoma
Months out fibrosis

17. What cardiac enzyme is useful for detecting reinfarction?
PDA
Pts w/previously damaged valves
CK- MB
2-3 weeks

18. What structures are susceptible to rupture post MI?
Friction rub and chest pain
Increased arterial resistence decreases shunting - allowing more blood to reach lungs
Papillary muscle - free wall - IV septum
L->R

19. What is the most common cause of dilated cardiomyopathy? What are other causes?
Transesophageal echo
Idiopathic genetic mutation (AD) - myocarditis - alcohol - drugs - pregnancy
Streptococcus bovis/
Chest pain - arrhythmia - sudden death - heart failure - dilated cardiomyopathy

20. What valves are most commonly involved in chronic rheumatic heart disease?
Ischemic heart disease
RBC damaged while crossing the calcified valve causing schistocytes
Mitral mitral+aortic
Congenital rubella

21. What effect does mitral stenosis have on the heart chambers?
LA dilation
Concentric LV hypertophy
Louder - increased systemic resistence decreases LV emptying
>70%

22. What causes endocarditis of prosthetic valves?
Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (marantic endocarditis)
Kawasaki disease
S epidermidis
Jugular venous distension - painful hepatosplenomegaly w/nutmeg liver - cardica cirrhosis - dependent pitting edema

23. What is the characteristic finding on CXR in tetralogy of fallot?
Boot shaped heart
Surgical closure small defects may close spontaneously
Dark discoloration coagulative necrosis
Group A beta - hemolytic streptococci

24. What is the murmur of mitral regurg?
Reperfusion of irreversibly damaged cells results in Ca influx - leading to hypercontraction of myofibrils
Reversible
Haemophilus - Actinobacillus - Cardiobacterium - Eikenella - Kingella endocarditis w/negative blood culture
Holosystolic blowing murmur

25. What are the cancers that most commonly metastasize to the heart?
Congestive heart failure
Breast and lung carcinoma - melanoma - lymphoma
RHF
Mitral insufficiency

26. When is an MI pt at greatest risk for cardiogenic shock?
First 4 hours
Troponin I
Eisenmenger syndrome
Trisomy 21

27. What does rupture of a papillary muscle cause?
Mitral insufficiency
Volume overload and LHF
Ostium primum
Split S2 on auscultation

28. What type of shunt does a VSD cause?
Pump failure
Breast and lung carcinoma - melanoma - lymphoma
L->R
Pericarditits

29. What are the sx/complications of myocarditis?
Granulation tissue
Chest pain - arrhythmia - sudden death - heart failure - dilated cardiomyopathy
Breast and lung carcinoma - melanoma - lymphoma
VSD

30. What is the most common cause of endocarditis in IV drug users?
Friction rub and chest pain
S aureus
2-3%
Annular - non pruritic rash w/erythematous borders trunks and limbs

31. What is molecular mimicry?
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Systemic venous congestion
When a bacterial protein resembles a protein in human tissue
Backward: dyspnea - PND - orthopnea - crackles (pulmonary congestion and edema) - heart failure cells forward: fluid retention due to decreased flow to kidneys leading to activation of RAA

32. What cardiac disease is associated with tuberous sclerosis?
Increased hydrostatic pressure
Rhabdomyoma
Systolic dysfx leading to biventricular CHF
Janeway lesions

33. Reperfusion of irreversibly damaged cells results in Ca influx - leading to hypercontraction of myofibrils.
Restrictive cardiomyopathy
Right side - serotonin and other secretory products detoxified in the lung
Volume overload and LHF
Contraction band necrosis

34. With what disease is transposition of the great vessels associated?
Limits thrombosis
Decreased forward perfusion pulmonary congestion
Maternal diabetes
Sterile vegetations on mitral valve along lines of closure

35. How does stable angina present?
Fibrosis and dystrophic calcification
Mitral and tricuspid regurg - arrhythmia
Chest pain <20 min brought on by exertion or emotional stress
1-3 days out

36. When is a post - MI pt at highest risk for rupture of a LV structure? With what microscopic change is this complication associated?
Aschoff bodies
>60 years - bicuspid aortic valve
4-7 days macrophage infiltration
Breast and lung carcinoma - melanoma - lymphoma

37. How does fibrinolysis/angioplasty tx MI?
Ischemic heart disease
Red border granulation tissue
Aortic stenosis
Open blocked vessels

38. Vegetations on surface and undersurface of mitral valve.
Intercostal arteries enlarged due to collateral circulation
Libman - Sacks endocarditis
Rhabdomyoma
LHF

39. What are the forward and backward sx of LHF?
Dense layer of elastic and fibrotic tissue in the endocardium - children
Left -->right
Backward: dyspnea - PND - orthopnea - crackles (pulmonary congestion and edema) - heart failure cells forward: fluid retention due to decreased flow to kidneys leading to activation of RAA
Fetal alcohol syndrome

40. What is the leading cause of death in the US?
Dense layer of elastic and fibrotic tissue in the endocardium - children
Libman - Sacks endocarditis
Dilated
Ischemic heart disease

41. What two things happen when a blocked vessel is opened after an MI?
Regurg vs stenosis
Contraction band necrosis - reperfusion injury
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
LAD

42. What increases the risk for chronic rheumatic heart disease?
AD mutation in sarcomere proteins
Pedunculated mass in the LA that causes syncope due to obstruction of MV
Repeat exposure to group A beta - hemolytic strep that results in relapse of the acute phase
Opening snap followed by diastolic rumble

43. What is the tx for aortic stenosis?
Group A beta - hemolytic streptococci
1) migratory polyarthritis 2) pancarditis 3) subcutaneous nodules 4) erythema marginatum 5) Syndenham chorea
>60 years - bicuspid aortic valve
Valve replacement AFTER the onset of complications

44. Low voltage EKG w/diminished QRS amplitude.
Restrictive cardiomyopathy
Increased blood in right heart delays closure of P valve
ST- segment elevation
Aschoff bodies

45. What areas of the heart does the LAD supply?
Bacterial M protein resembles proteins in human tissue - 'molecular mimicry'
White scar fibrosis
Anterior wall of LV and anterior septum
stenosis of RV outflow tract - RV hypertrophy - VSD - aorta that overrides the VSD

46. Where is the coarctation in infantile coarctation of the aorta?
MV prolapse LV dilation - infective endocarditis - acute rheumatic heart disease - papillary muscle rupture
Months out fibrosis
Increased blood in right heart delays closure of P valve
Preductal - post aortic arch

47. What murmur ccan be heard in PDA?
Yellow pallor neutrophils
Holosystolic machine like murmur
Mid - systolic click followed by regurgitation murmur
Decrease preload -->lowers myocardial stress

48. What is the most common cause of myocarditis?
Coxsackie A or B
Chest pain - arrhythmia - sudden death - heart failure - dilated cardiomyopathy
Fever: due to bacteremia murmur: due to vegetations janeway lesions - osler nodes - and splinter hemorrhages: due to embolization of septic vegetations anemia of chronic disease: due to chronic inflammation
1 day: coag necr 1 wk: inflammation (neutrophils and macrophages) 1 mo: scar

49. What always follows necrosis?
Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (marantic endocarditis)
Adult coarctation of the aorta
Acute inflammation
Dilated

50. What are the clinical features of RHF?
Myocarditis in acute rheumatic heart fever
Jugular venous distension - painful hepatosplenomegaly w/nutmeg liver - cardica cirrhosis - dependent pitting edema
Mitral mitral+aortic
Turner syndrome

Sorry!:) No result found.

Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?

Major Subjects
Tests & Exams AP CLEP DSST GRE SAT GMAT	Certifications CISSP go to https://www.isc2.org/ PMP ITIL RHCE MCTS More...	IT Skills Android Programming Data Modeling Objective C Programming Basic Python Programming Adobe Illustrator More...	Business Skills Advertising Techniques Business Accounting Basics Business Strategy Human Resource Management Marketing Basics More...
Soft Skills Body Language People Skills Public Speaking Persuasion Job Hunting And Resumes More...	Vocabulary GRE Vocab SAT Vocab TOEFL Essential Vocab Basic English Words For All Global Words You Should Know Business English More...	Languages AP German Vocab AP Latin Vocab SAT Subject Test: French Italian Survival Norwegian Survival More...	Engineering Audio Engineering Computer Science Engineering Aerospace Engineering Chemical Engineering Structural Engineering More...
Health Sciences Basic Nursing Skills Health Science Language Fundamentals Veterinary Technology Medical Language Cardiology Clinical Surgery More...	English Grammar Fundamentals Literary And Rhetorical Vocab Elements Of Style Vocab Introduction To English Major Complete Advanced Sentences Literature Homonyms More...	Math Algebra Formulas Basic Arithmetic: Measurements Metric Conversions Geometric Properties Important Math Facts Number Sense Vocab Business Math More...	Other Major Subjects Science Economics History Law Performing-arts Cooking Logic & Reasoning Trivia

Test your basic knowledge |

Cardiac

Sorry!:) No result found.

Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?

Let me suggest you:

Browse all subjects

Browse all tests

Most popular tests

Major Subjects

Tests & Exams

Certifications

IT Skills

Business Skills

Soft Skills

Vocabulary

Languages

Engineering

Health Sciences

English

Math

Other Major Subjects

Browse all subjects

Browse all tests

Most popular tests