Test your basic knowledge |

Cardiac

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What vavular defect results from acute rheumatic fever?
Fusion of the commissures with 'fish mouth' appearence - aortic stenosis
Positive blood cultures anemia of chronic disease
Atherosclerosis of coronary arteries
Mitral regurgitation due to vegetations

2. What are the sx/complications of myocarditis?
Dilation of all four chambers of the heart
Hypercoagulable state or underlying adenocarcinoma
Decreased forward perfusion pulmonary congestion
Chest pain - arrhythmia - sudden death - heart failure - dilated cardiomyopathy

3. Why would cardiac enzymes continue to increase after the initial MI?
Reactive histiocyte with caterpillar nucleus
Reperfusion injury
Yellow pallor macrophages
Minimizes ischemia

4. What is the most common cause of mitral stenosis?
Chronic rheumatic heart disease
Trisomy 21
Infantile coarctation of the aorta PDA
Major criteria of Jones criteria for acute rheumatic fever J: joint (migratory polyarthritis) O: heart (pancarditis) N: nodules (subcutaneous nodules) E: erythema marginatum S: Sydenham chorea

5. EKG for stable angina?
Intercostal arteries enlarged due to collateral circulation
Prophylactic abx during dental procedures
Reperfusion of irreversibly damaged cells results in Ca influx - leading to hypercontraction of myofibrils
ST- segment depression

6. What coronary artery supplies the mitral valve papillary muscles?
Erythematous nontender lesions on palms and soles.
Valve scarring that arises as a consequence of rheumatic fever
RCA
Jugular venous distension - painful hepatosplenomegaly w/nutmeg liver - cardica cirrhosis - dependent pitting edema

7. What is systolic dysfx?
Dilated
Prinzmetal
Ventricles cannot pump
Left -->right

8. With what endocarditis is S epidermidis associated?
Pericardial effusion due to pericardial involvement
Endocarditis of prosthetic valves
Ischemic heart disease
LHF - left - to - right shunt - chronic lung disease (cor pulmonale)

9. When is a post - MI pt at highest risk for a mural thrombus? With what microscopic change is this complication associated?
Pancarditis
Friction rub and chest pain
Decrease in blood flow to an organ
Months out fibrosis

10. What causes prinzmetal angina?
Coronary artery vasospasm
Intercostal arteries enlarged due to collateral circulation
1) damaged endocardial surface develops thrombotic vegetations 2) transient bacteremia leads to trapping of bacteria in the vegetations
S viridans

11. In which chamber of the heart are cardiac myxomas found?
Bounding pulse
45%
Spontaneous
LA

12. What effect does squatting have on the murmur of mitral valve prolapse? Why?
Increased hydrostatic pressure
Loss of fx
Louder - increased systemic resistence decreases LV emptying
Concentric hypertrophy - can't oxygenate full wall - ischemic damage

13. What effect does aortic stenosis have on the chambers of the heart?
ACE inhibitor
Circumflex
Concentric LV hypertophy
Right -->left

14. How does transmural MI/ischemia present on EKG?
Plump fibroblasts - collagen - blood vessels
Decrease preload -->lowers myocardial stress
Type I
ST- segment elevation

15. What valves are involved in rhuematic endocarditis?
Infantile coarctation of the aorta PDA
PDA
LA
Mitral mitral+aortic

16. What causes heart failure cells?
S aureus
Months out fibrosis
Concentric LV hypertophy
Rupture of capillaries leading to intraalveolar hemorrhage - sx of LHF

17. What bug causes acute rheumatic fever?
Streptococcus viridans
Group A beta - hemolytic streptococci
Left to right shunt causes increased flow thru pulm circulation which results in hypertrophy of pulm vessels and pulm htn - increased pulm resistance results in reveral of shunt
Erythematous nontender lesions on palms and soles.

18. How does hypertension cause LHF?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

19. Ostium primum ASD is associated with what congenital disorder?
Trisomy 21
Pericardial effusion due to pericardial involvement
Months out fibrosis
1 day: coag necr 1 wk: inflammation (neutrophils and macrophages) 1 mo: scar

20. Unexpected death due to cardiac disease w/o sx or <1hr after sx arise?
Hypertophy of RV atrophy of LV
Annular - non pruritic rash w/erythematous borders trunks and limbs
4-7 days
Sudden cardiac death

21. What is the most common congenital heart defect?
Return of O2 and inflammatory cells cause FR generation - further damaging myocytes
Degree of pulmonary artery stenosis
VSD
Infantile coarctation of the aorta

22. What are the Jones criteria?
Myocarditis
Evidence of prior group A beta - hemolytic strep plus major and minor criteria
S viridans
Sterile vegetations on mitral valve along lines of closure

23. What determines the extent of shunting and cyanosis in tetralogy of fallot?
Increased O2 demand during exercise but can't increase CO b/c of narrowed valve
Coexisting mitral stenosis and fusion of commisures exist
Degree of pulmonary artery stenosis
Coxsackie A or B

24. What does nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis cause?
Degree of pulmonary artery stenosis
Mitral regurg
Tender lesions on fingers or toes.
Sterile vegetations on mitral valve along lines of closure

25. How does aortic regurg affect the heart chambers?
Ischemic heart disease
LV dilation and eccentric hypertrophy
Htn in upper extremities - hypotn in lower extremities - notching of ribs on CXR
Membrane damage

26. What are the causes of LHF?
PDA
Prinzmetal angina
Kawasaki disease
Ischemia - htn - dilated cardiomyopathy - MI - restrictive cardiomyopathy

27. What is the classic EKG finding of restrictive cardiomyopathy?
Repeat exposure to group A beta - hemolytic strep that results in relapse of the acute phase
Contraction band necrosis
Low voltage EKG w/diminished QRS amplitude
Tender lesions on fingers or toes.

28. How does stable angina present?
Rupture of free wall - IV septum - or papillary muscle
Right side - serotonin and other secretory products detoxified in the lung
Chest pain <20 min brought on by exertion or emotional stress
L->R

29. What causes unstable angina?
RBC damaged while crossing the calcified valve causing schistocytes
Rupture of plaque with w/thrombus and incomplete occlusion of coronary artery
Mitral valve prolapse
Systemic venous congestion

30. What are the clinical features of LHF due to?
Endocardial fibroelastosis (rare)
Decreased forward perfusion pulmonary congestion
Colon cancer
LAD

31. What is migratory polyarthritis?
Arthritis in a large joint (wrist - knees - ankles) that resolves within days and migrates to another large joint
Hemosiderin laden macrophages
Mitral stenosis
Heart transplant

32. How does MI cause LHF?
Loss of LV fx
S aureus
Osler nodes (ouch - ouch Osler)
stenosis of RV outflow tract - RV hypertrophy - VSD - aorta that overrides the VSD

33. How do you prevent S viridans endocarditis?
Stretched muscle loses contractility
Intercostal arteries enlarged due to collateral circulation
Prophylactic abx during dental procedures
1%

34. What effect does chronic rheumatic heart disease have the mitral valve?
Mitral insufficiency
Group A beta - hemolytic streptococci
Rupture of atherosclerotic plaque and complete occlusion of the coronary artery
Thickening of chrodae tendinae and cusps - mitral stenosis

35. What type of vegetations are associated with Libman - Sacks endocarditis?
White scar fibrosis
Transposition of the great vessels
Contraction band necrosis
Sterile vegetations on surface and undersurface on mitral valve

36. What is the definition of ischemia?
Split S2 on auscultation
Reperfusion of irreversibly damaged cells results in Ca influx - leading to hypercontraction of myofibrils
Pancarditis
Decrease in blood flow to an organ

37. What are the sx of pericardiits?
CHF
Jugular venous distension - painful hepatosplenomegaly w/nutmeg liver - cardica cirrhosis - dependent pitting edema
Friction rub and chest pain
1) damaged endocardial surface develops thrombotic vegetations 2) transient bacteremia leads to trapping of bacteria in the vegetations

38. What are other (not atherosclerotic) causes of MI?
Plump fibroblasts - collagen - blood vessels
Asymptomatic
R-->L
Coronary artery vasospasm - emboli - vasculitis

39. What causes wear and tear aortic stenosis?
Red border granulation tissue
Fibrosis and dystrophic calcification
Increased O2 demand during exercise but can't increase CO b/c of narrowed valve
Restrictive cardiomyopathy

40. Foci of chronic inflammation - reactive histiocytes with slender - wavy nuclei - giant cells - and fibrinoid material.
Dilated
Blood vessels coming in from normal tissue
Aschoff bodies
Squatting - expiration

41. At what point in development do congenital heart defects arise?
S aureus
Pericardial effusion due to pericardial involvement
Cardiogenic shock - CHF - arrhythmia
3-8 wks

42. Is scar tissue or myocardium stronger?
Myocarditis
Myocardium
Coronary artery vasospasm
Inability to maintain systemic pressure w/lack of O2 to vital organs

43. What creates the immune reaction in acute rhuematic fever?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

44. What does granulation tissue contain?
Large - destructive vegetations
Plump fibroblasts - collagen - blood vessels
1 day: coag necr 1 wk: inflammation (neutrophils and macrophages) 1 mo: scar
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

45. Crushing chest pain lasting >20 minutes that radiates to left arm or jaw - diaphoresis - and dyspnea. Sx not relieved by NG.
Valve replacement once LV dysfx develops
Open blocked vessels
Libman - Sacks endocarditis
MI

46. Jugular venous distension - painful hepatosplenomegaly w/nutmeg liver - pitting edema.
Rhabdomyoma
Cardiogenic shock - CHF - arrhythmia
Endocarditis of prosthetic valves
RHF

47. What are the sx of cardiac myxoma?
Heart transplant
Preductal - post aortic arch
Prinzmetal angina
Pedunculated mass in the LA that causes syncope due to obstruction of MV

48. What cardiac disease is associated with tuberous sclerosis?
Chest pain - arrhythmia - sudden death - heart failure - dilated cardiomyopathy
Aortic stenosis
Rhabdomyoma
Holosystolic blowing murmur

49. What is eythema marginatum? What parts of the body does it commonly involve?
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Cardiac tamponade
Annular - non pruritic rash w/erythematous borders trunks and limbs
Ischemia - htn - dilated cardiomyopathy - MI - restrictive cardiomyopathy

50. What type of shunt does transposition of the great vessels cause?
Anitschow cell
Eisenmenger syndrome
R-->L
Degree of pulmonary artery stenosis

Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?

Major Subjects
Tests & Exams AP CLEP DSST GRE SAT GMAT	Certifications CISSP go to https://www.isc2.org/ PMP ITIL RHCE MCTS More...	IT Skills Android Programming Data Modeling Objective C Programming Basic Python Programming Adobe Illustrator More...	Business Skills Advertising Techniques Business Accounting Basics Business Strategy Human Resource Management Marketing Basics More...
Soft Skills Body Language People Skills Public Speaking Persuasion Job Hunting And Resumes More...	Vocabulary GRE Vocab SAT Vocab TOEFL Essential Vocab Basic English Words For All Global Words You Should Know Business English More...	Languages AP German Vocab AP Latin Vocab SAT Subject Test: French Italian Survival Norwegian Survival More...	Engineering Audio Engineering Computer Science Engineering Aerospace Engineering Chemical Engineering Structural Engineering More...
Health Sciences Basic Nursing Skills Health Science Language Fundamentals Veterinary Technology Medical Language Cardiology Clinical Surgery More...	English Grammar Fundamentals Literary And Rhetorical Vocab Elements Of Style Vocab Introduction To English Major Complete Advanced Sentences Literature Homonyms More...	Math Algebra Formulas Basic Arithmetic: Measurements Metric Conversions Geometric Properties Important Math Facts Number Sense Vocab Business Math More...	Other Major Subjects Science Economics History Law Performing-arts Cooking Logic & Reasoning Trivia

Test your basic knowledge |

Cardiac

Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?

Let me suggest you:

Browse all subjects

Browse all tests

Most popular tests

Major Subjects

Tests & Exams

Certifications

IT Skills

Business Skills

Soft Skills

Vocabulary

Languages

Engineering

Health Sciences

English

Math

Other Major Subjects

Browse all subjects

Browse all tests

Most popular tests