Test your basic knowledge |

Cardiac

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Low voltage EKG w/diminished QRS amplitude.
LA
Spontaneous
Restrictive cardiomyopathy
Prinzmetal angina

2. How long can cardiac myocytes be deprived of oxygen before they become irreversibly injured?
R-->L
>70%
Infantile coarctation of the aorta PDA
20 min

3. What is the most common primary cardiac tumor in adults? Is it malignant or benign?
LAD
Myxoma - benign
Reactive histiocyte with caterpillar nucleus
Small vegetations along the line of closure

4. Which congenital heart defect is associated with congenital rubella?
PDA
Annular - non pruritic rash w/erythematous borders trunks and limbs
PGE
Intercostal arteries enlarged due to collateral circulation

5. What is the tx for VSD?
Preductal - post aortic arch
Prinzmetal
Left -->right
Surgical closure small defects may close spontaneously

6. Which congenital heart defect is associated with maternal diabetes?
Valve replacement AFTER the onset of complications
45%
Transposition of the great vessels
Hemosiderin laden macrophages

7. What always follows necrosis?
S aureus
Acute inflammation
Idiopathic genetic mutation (AD) - myocarditis - alcohol - drugs - pregnancy
LA dilation

8. What congenital heart defect does indomethacin tx?
Fever: due to bacteremia murmur: due to vegetations janeway lesions - osler nodes - and splinter hemorrhages: due to embolization of septic vegetations anemia of chronic disease: due to chronic inflammation
PDA
Atria and RV
Fusion of the commissures with 'fish mouth' appearence - aortic stenosis

9. What is the characteristic murmur of aortic stenosis?
Widens it diastolic pressure decreases due to regurgitation while systolic pressure increases due to increased stroke volume
LHF - left - to - right shunt - chronic lung disease (cor pulmonale)
Cyanosis - RV hypertrophy - polycythemia - clubbing
Systolic ejection click followed by crescendo - decrescendo murmur

10. In which chamber of the heart are rhabdomyomas found?
Stable angina
Ventricle
Ischemic heart disease
ACE inhibitor

11. What causes the split S2 in ASD?
Sterile vegetations on surface and undersurface on mitral valve
Squatting - expiration
Increased blood in right heart delays closure of P valve
Pericardial effusion due to pericardial involvement

12. What complications occur within 4 hrs post MI?
Cardiogenic shock - CHF - arrhythmia
ST- segment depression
Erythematous nontender lesions on palms and soles.
2-3 weeks

13. What are the sx of right - to - left shunt?
Squatting - increased systemic resistence decreases LV emptying
Nonspecific - eg fever and elevated ESR
Decrease preload -->lowers myocardial stress
Cyanosis - RV hypertrophy - polycythemia - clubbing

14. What is the murmur of mitral regurg?
Concentric LV hypertophy
Evidence of prior group A beta - hemolytic strep plus major and minor criteria
Gelatinous - abundant ground substance
Holosystolic blowing murmur

15. Hypertension in upper extremities - hypotension in lower extremities - notching of ribs on CXR.
Regurg vs stenosis
Libman - Sacks endocarditis
Increased hydrostatic pressure
Adult coarctation of the aorta

16. What is the tx for LHF?
Tricuspid
ACE inhibitor
R-->L
Streptococcus bovis/

17. What causes a mid - systolic click followed by a regurgitation murmur?
Aschoff bodies
Mitral valve prolapse
Large - destructive vegetations
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

18. What is the most common cause of infectious endocarditis?
R-->L
Small - sterile fibrin deposits randomly arranged on closure of valve leaflets
Decreases LV dilation by decreasing volume
Streptococcus viridans

19. What are the sx/complications of myocarditis?
Backward LHF pulm htn and RHF - afib and associated mural thombis
Nitroglycerin
Chest pain - arrhythmia - sudden death - heart failure - dilated cardiomyopathy
Transesophageal echo

20. When would arrhythmia occur after MI?
Aortic regurg
Migratory polyarthritis
Within the first day
Reperfusion of irreversibly damaged cells results in Ca influx - leading to hypercontraction of myofibrils

21. With what other congenital heart defect is tricuspid atresia associated? What type of shunt is present?
ASD - R-->L
Increased O2 demand during exercise but can't increase CO b/c of narrowed valve
Tender lesions on fingers or toes.
Pts w/previously damaged valves

22. What is typically the mechanims of sudden cardiac death?
Annular - non pruritic rash w/erythematous borders trunks and limbs
Opening snap followed by diastolic rumble
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Ventricular arrhythmia

23. What causes acute endocarditis?
Type I
Low voltage EKG w/diminished QRS amplitude
1-3 days out
Large vegetations of S aureus

24. What areas of the heart does the LAD supply?
Infectious endocarditis
1%
Anterior wall of LV and anterior septum
Split S2 on auscultation

25. What are the sx of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
Wear and tear
Decreased CO due to diastolic dysfx - syncope w/exercise - sudden death due to vfib
Small - nondestructive vegetations (subacute endocarditis)
Blood vessels coming in from normal tissue

26. Erythematous nontender lesions on palms and soles.
Pts w/previously damaged valves
Transesophageal echo
Loss of LV fx
Janeway lesions

27. What does rupture of a papillary muscle cause?
Dressler syndrome
Mitral insufficiency
Increased arterial resistence decreases shunting - allowing more blood to reach lungs
Prophylactic abx during dental procedures

28. What is systolic dysfx?
Left -->right
Squatting - expiration
Ventricles cannot pump
Troponin I

29. Are most congenital heart defects spontaneous or inherited?
Ostium secundum (90%)
Streptococcus viridans
Autoimmune pericarditis 6-8 wks post MI
Spontaneous

30. What type of ischemia does stable angina cause?
Reperfusion of irreversibly damaged cells results in Ca influx - leading to hypercontraction of myofibrils
Rhabdomyoma
Subendocardial
Squatting - increased systemic resistence decreases LV emptying

31. What is eythema marginatum? What parts of the body does it commonly involve?
Stable angina
Coexisting mitral stenosis and fusion of commisures exist
Annular - non pruritic rash w/erythematous borders trunks and limbs
Fibrinous pericarditis

32. EKG for stable angina?
LAD
ST- segment depression
Pancarditis
Increased blood in right heart delays closure of P valve

33. What is the most common type of ASD? What %?
Reversible
CHF
Early - blowing diastolic murmur bounding pulse - pulsating nail bed - and head bobbing
Ostium secundum (90%)

34. Which chambers of the heart are generally spared in an MI?
Small vegetations along the line of closure
Indomethacin - decreases PGE
Positive blood cultures anemia of chronic disease
Atria and RV

35. Chest pain the arises with exertion or emotional stress and is relieved by NG or rest. The pain lasts <20 min and radiates to the left arm or jaw. There is also diaphoresis and SOB - EKG shows ST- segment depression.
Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (marantic endocarditis)
Stable angina
Plump fibroblasts - collagen - blood vessels
Preductal - post aortic arch

36. When do macrophagess infiltrate the myocardium post MI?
Mitral regurg
Open blocked vessels
4-7 days
LA

37. What type of vegetations does nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (marantic endocarditis) cause?
Systolic ejection click followed by crescendo - decrescendo murmur
4-7 days
Congenital rubella
Small - sterile fibrin deposits randomly arranged on closure of valve leaflets

38. When is an MI pt at greatest risk for cardiogenic shock?
Htn in upper extremities - hypotn in lower extremities - notching of ribs on CXR
Atherosclerosis of coronary arteries
First 4 hours
RCA

39. What type of shunt does transposition of the great vessels cause?
R-->L
Intercostal arteries enlarged due to collateral circulation
Granulation tissue
CHF

40. What effect does mitral stenosis have on the heart chambers?
Fibrinous pericarditis
LA dilation
Infectious endocarditis - arrythmias - severe mitral regurg no
Systolic dysfx leading to biventricular CHF

41. What does a biopsy of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy look like?
Thickening of chrodae tendinae and cusps - mitral stenosis
Myofiber hypertrophy with disarray
Holosystolic machine like murmur
Large vegetations of S aureus

42. What are Janeway lesions?
Surgical closure small defects may close spontaneously
Pericarditits
Red border granulation tissue
Erythematous nontender lesions on palms and soles.

43. What compensatory mechanism do tetralogy of fallot pts learn?
Adult coarctation of the aorta
Granulation tissue
Squat in response to cyanotic spell
Maternal diabetes

44. What is a complication of chronic rheumatic heart disease?
Open blocked vessels
CK- MB
RHF
Infectious endocarditis

45. Holosystolic blowing murmur that increases w/expiration?
2-3 weeks
Increased O2 demand during exercise but can't increase CO b/c of narrowed valve
Mitral regurg
Yellow pallor neutrophils

46. What valves are involved in rhuematic endocarditis?
Aortic regurg
Posterior wall of LV - posterior septum - papillary muscles
Mitral mitral+aortic
Elevated ASO anti - DNase B titers

47. How do nitrates tx MI?
Myxoid degeneration
Stretched muscle loses contractility
Decrease preload -->lowers myocardial stress
Atherosclerosis of coronary arteries

48. What determines the extent of shunting and cyanosis in tetralogy of fallot?
Degree of pulmonary artery stenosis
Mitral regurg
Transposition of the great vessels
Coronary artery vasospasm - emboli - vasculitis

49. How does transmural MI/ischemia present on EKG?
Shunt
4-7 days macrophage infiltration
ST- segment elevation
Myxoid degeneration

50. In which chamber of the heart are cardiac myxomas found?
LA
Myxoid degeneration
Surgical closure small defects may close spontaneously
Loss of LV fx

Sorry!:) No result found.

Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?

Major Subjects
Tests & Exams AP CLEP DSST GRE SAT GMAT	Certifications CISSP go to https://www.isc2.org/ PMP ITIL RHCE MCTS More...	IT Skills Android Programming Data Modeling Objective C Programming Basic Python Programming Adobe Illustrator More...	Business Skills Advertising Techniques Business Accounting Basics Business Strategy Human Resource Management Marketing Basics More...
Soft Skills Body Language People Skills Public Speaking Persuasion Job Hunting And Resumes More...	Vocabulary GRE Vocab SAT Vocab TOEFL Essential Vocab Basic English Words For All Global Words You Should Know Business English More...	Languages AP German Vocab AP Latin Vocab SAT Subject Test: French Italian Survival Norwegian Survival More...	Engineering Audio Engineering Computer Science Engineering Aerospace Engineering Chemical Engineering Structural Engineering More...
Health Sciences Basic Nursing Skills Health Science Language Fundamentals Veterinary Technology Medical Language Cardiology Clinical Surgery More...	English Grammar Fundamentals Literary And Rhetorical Vocab Elements Of Style Vocab Introduction To English Major Complete Advanced Sentences Literature Homonyms More...	Math Algebra Formulas Basic Arithmetic: Measurements Metric Conversions Geometric Properties Important Math Facts Number Sense Vocab Business Math More...	Other Major Subjects Science Economics History Law Performing-arts Cooking Logic & Reasoning Trivia

Test your basic knowledge |

Cardiac

Sorry!:) No result found.

Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?

Let me suggest you:

Browse all subjects

Browse all tests

Most popular tests

Major Subjects

Tests & Exams

Certifications

IT Skills

Business Skills

Soft Skills

Vocabulary

Languages

Engineering

Health Sciences

English

Math

Other Major Subjects

Browse all subjects

Browse all tests

Most popular tests