Test your basic knowledge |

Cardiology

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Central chemoreceptors do not respond directly to which parameter?
Sensironeural deafness - defects in sodium and potassium channels - jervell and lange - neilsen syndrome
MI
Cystic hygroma
P02

2. Mitral stenosis is most often secondary to which condition?
The first 4 days
Temporal arteritis
Mechanican contraction of the ventricles
RF

3. Which area of the endocardium is especially vulnerable to infarction? Why?
Preload
Subendocardial - fewer collaterals and higher pressure
Tetrology of fallot - pulmonary stenosis - RVH - overiding aorta - VSD
Raynaud's

4. What does the LAD supply?
Decrease in activity of Na/Ca exhanger and increase in contractility
Systolic dysfunction
In RA return (inspiration)
Apex and anterior interventricular septum

5. What does T wave inversion indicated?
Preload
MI
Atrial contraction
Tricuspid - don't tri drugs - S. aureus - pseudomonas - candida

6. In terms of starling forces - why does heart failure cause edema?
Coarcation of aorta
Resting potential high K perm
LAD - V1- V2
Increase in Pc

7. What is the effect on the slope of phase 4 in pacemaker cells by catecholamines and
A fib - beta block or ca channel block - warfarin - thromboembolism prophylaxis
Increase - increase the chance the If are open
Tetrology of fallot - pulmonary stenosis - RVH - overiding aorta - VSD
Temporal arteritis

8. When does extracellular calcium enter the cardiac muscle cells during contraction?
ASD - VSD - AV septal defect (endocardial cushion defect)
The plateau period
Ventricular depolarization - nl < 120 msec
Wolff - Parkinson white syndrome

9. What is the most common cause of MI
Afterload (proportional to peripheral resistance)
Acute thrombosis of coronary artery
Lower right - MC - upper right - AO - upper right AC - lower left MO
Buerger's disease

10. What other syndrom is associated with infantile aortic coarctation
Turners
Strawberry hemangioma
Decrease in activity of Na/Ca exhanger and increase in contractility
Preload

11. MAP is also known as
Pulsus parvus and tardus - weak - can lead to syncope
Plateau - influx of calcium through voltage gated ca channels - ca release from SR and contraction
Afterload (proportional to peripheral resistance)
The first 4 days

12. smaller vegetations - congenitally abnormal or diseased valves - sequela of dental procedures. Insidious onset
C - ANCA
Decreased
Tetralogy of fallot - transposition of great vessels - truncus arteriosus - tricuspid atresia - TAPVR
Viridans streptococci

13. What is a normal EF
Inc RA pressure - due to filling against closed tricupsid valve
At least 55%
Granulomatous vasculitis with eosinophilia. Asthma - sinusitis - skin lesions and periphereal neuropathy (wrist/foot drop) heart - GI - kidneys
MI

14. In a lateral wall infarct - which artery is effected - and which leads show Q waves?
LCX - I - aVL
Mean arterial pressure
Metastasis from melanoma or lymphoma
Cardiac tamponde

15. most common primary cardiac tumor in adults - ball - valve obstruction in left atrium
Myxoma
Abdominal aorta>coronary artery>popliteal artery>carotid artery ACoPCa
Temporal arteritis
Inc Kf - capillary perm

16. Which sympathetic receptors raise MAP
Increase contractility
Beta 1 inc HR and cont - alpha 1 venocxn - alpha 1 arteriolar vascxn
SA and AV nodes
Vasodilators - (hydrAlAzine)

17. What is the time frame for arrhythmia risk in the evolution of MI
Indomethacin closes - and pge keeps it open
Myxomatous degeneration - RF - chordae rupture
Fluid movement through capillaries
The first 4 days

18. What are the 5 T's of cyanoitc babies
ANP
Tetralogy of fallot - transposition of great vessels - truncus arteriosus - tricuspid atresia - TAPVR
Fluid movement through capillaries
Arteriorles

19. What cardiac change occurs in pregnancy?
During diastole
Increased SV
Aortic/pulmonic regurg and mitral/tricuspid stenosis
Late in diastole - high atrial pressure - pushing against a stiff LV wall - associated with ventricular hypertrophy

20. machine murmer
Maintain blood flow to organ over wide range of perfussion pressures
PDA
Venodilators (nitrogylcerine)
Strawberry hemangioma

21. When do you see extensive coagulative necrosis in an MI
2-4 day - early coag necrosis on the first day
CK- MB
A fib - beta block or ca channel block - warfarin - thromboembolism prophylaxis
Can progess to V fib

22. disease of elastic arteries and large and medium sized muscular arteries
Atherosclerosis
LCX - V4- V6
S. epidermidis
Fetal right to left - neonate left to right leading to RVH and failure

23. Irregularly irregular ECG - no p waves: dx and treatment
LAD
A fib - beta block or ca channel block - warfarin - thromboembolism prophylaxis
Fever - roth's spots - osler's nodes - murmur - janeway lesions - anemia - nail - bed hemorrhages - emboli
SA and AV nodes

24. When do coronary arteries fill?
Pulsus parvus and tardus - weak - can lead to syncope
During diastole
Kids
MAP

25. In terms of starling forces - why does nephrotic syndrome or liver failure cause edems
Babies
Dec plasma proteins
Crescendo - decrescendo systolic ejection murmur following ejection click
Pulsus parvus and tardus - weak - can lead to syncope

26. When and why do you hear the S4 sound
V fib
Septal defects - PDA - pulm art stenosis
Increased SV
Late in diastole - high atrial pressure - pushing against a stiff LV wall - associated with ventricular hypertrophy

27. Which organ has the largest arteriovenous difference
Pyogenic granuloma - associated with trauma and pregnancy
LAD
Heart - 02 extraction is always around 100%
7 weeks

28. How does acidosis affect contractility?
QRS complex
Pulmonary flow murmur and diastolic rumble
Conduction delay through AV node - nl < 200 msec
Decreased

29. The 7 complications of MI

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

30. S3 - dilated heart on US - balloon appearance on CXR - eccentric hypertrophy
Fever - erythema marginatum - valvular damage - ESR - red hot joints - subQ nodules - St. vitus dance (chorea)
Tempral arteritis - may cause irreversible blindness
Dilated cardiomyopathy
Prinzmetal angina

31. Do you see elevaged ASO titers in rheumatic heart disease
Extracellular calcium - calcium induced calcium release
Yes
Coarcation of aorta
P02

32. What are tendinous xanthoma - atheromas - and corneal arcus signs of?
Hyperlipidemia
Tricuspid atresia - requires ASD and VSD
Transmural
Pulmonary flow murmur and diastolic rumble

33. When is the scar completely formed in an MI?
The first 4 days
Dec plasma proteins
7 weeks
Extracellular calcium - calcium induced calcium release

34. benign - painful - red - blue tumor under fingernails from smooth muscle cells
Glomus tumor
Septal defects - PDA - pulm art stenosis
C - ANCA
Atrial contraction

35. necrotizing granulomas in lung and upper airways - nectrotizing GN - small vessel vasculitis

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

36. cavernous lymphangioma of the neck - associated with turner's
HypoK and bradycardia
Cystic hygroma
3rd degree syphillus - syphillit heart disease can lead to aortic valve incompetence
Calcification in media of arteries esp radial and ulnar - does not obstruct blood flow - intima not involved

37. failure of truncus arteriosus to divide?
Persistant truncus arteriosus
Hematocrit
Hemoptysis - hematuria - perforation of nasal septum - chronic sinusitis - otitis media - mastoiditis - cough dyspnea
Maintain blood flow to organ over wide range of perfussion pressures

38. The carotid sinus transmits along which nerve?
Glossopharyngeal to soliary nucleus of medulla
Immediate high pitched blowing diasystolic murmur with a wide pulse pressure
Apex and anterior interventricular septum
TAPVR

39. in the JVP - What is the c wave?
Inc RA pressure - due to filling against closed tricupsid valve
Inc TPR and LA return (expiration)
RV contraction (closed tricuspid valve bulding into atrium
LAD

40. bening capillary hemangioma of elderly - does not regress
No - no pressure gradient
Cherry hemangioma
Liver
EtOh - wet Beriberi - Coxsackie B - cocaine - chagas - doxorubicin - hemochromatosis - peripartum cardiomyopathy

41. What are the systolic heart sounds
Aortic/pulmonic stenosis and mitral/tricuspid regurg
Pyogenic granuloma - associated with trauma and pregnancy
Plateau - influx of calcium through voltage gated ca channels - ca release from SR and contraction
Tricuspid atresia - requires ASD and VSD

42. When does EF decrease
Aburpt halting of valve leaflets
In HF
Aortic/pulmonic regurg and mitral/tricuspid stenosis
Transfusion

43. Endothelial malignancy of the skin assocated with HHV-8 and HIV

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

44. skin rash on buttocks and legs - arthralgia - intestinal hemorrhage - abdominal pain - melena. Follows URI - IgA immune complex - most common childhood systemic vasculitis
Henoch - Schlonlein purpura
Can progess to V fib
Fast volatge gated Na channels
Mechanican contraction of the ventricles

45. What does FAN MY SKIN On Wednesday stand for?
Eccentric - concentric hypertrophy causes diastolic disfunction
The first 4 days
Fever - Arthritis - Night sweats - Myalgia - SKIN nodules - Ocular disturbances - Weak pulses in upper extremities
LCX - V4- V6

46. What are the complications of atherosclerosis?
Prinzmetal angina
Kawasaki
Late diastolic murmur following an opening snap
Aneurysms - ischemia - infarcts - peripheral vasc dz - thromboemboli

47. congenital heart defect withdown syndrome
Late systolic crescendo murmur with a midsystolic click
Mitral>aortic>>tricuspid - high pressure valves affected most
ASD - VSD - AV septal defect (endocardial cushion defect)
Aortic stenosis or LBBB

48. The cause of pulmonary edema - paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea?
Plateau - influx of calcium through voltage gated ca channels - ca release from SR and contraction
Arteriorles
Medullary vasomotor center senses baroreceptors and JGA
LV failure - pulm venous distention transudation of fluid

49. What masks atrial repolarization?
Microscopic polyangiitis - like wegener's without granulomas
QRS complex
LV failure - pulm venous distention transudation of fluid
Neg inotropy - HF - narcotic overdose

50. What are the four most common locations for atherosclerosis?
Atrial fiutter - identical back to back atrial depol's - convert to sinus - cal IA - IC or III antiarrhythmics
Stroke volume
Angiosarcoma
Abdominal aorta>coronary artery>popliteal artery>carotid artery ACoPCa