Test your basic knowledge |

Cardiology

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What do patients die early from in rheumatic heart disease?
Early deaths from myocarditis
Increasing activity of Ca pump in SR
Inc afterload - inc contractility - inc heart rate - inc heart size (inc wall tension)
Mitral valve

2. What does the starling curve show?
Changes in CO as a function of preload
Kussmaul's sign - cardiac tamponade - pulsus paradoxus
Holosystoiic
10%

3. What does FEVERSS stand for in rheumatic heart disease
Coarcation of aorta
Tempral arteritis - may cause irreversible blindness
Fever - erythema marginatum - valvular damage - ESR - red hot joints - subQ nodules - St. vitus dance (chorea)
Conduction delay through AV node - nl < 200 msec

4. what happens to capillaries in lymphatic blockage
Inc interstitial osmotic pressure pulling fliud out of capillaries
RF
TAPVR
Preload

5. Which murmur do you hear in mitral stenosis?
Late diastolic murmur following an opening snap
Volatage gated Ca channels
Inc TPR and LA return (expiration)
Isovolumetric contraction

6. sudden death in young atheletes - S4 - apical impulses - outflow obstruction
Decrease in cAMP
Hypertrophied cardiomyopathy
SA>AV>bundle of His>ventricles
Indomethacin closes - and pge keeps it open

7. disease of elastic arteries and large and medium sized muscular arteries
Stroke volume affected by contractility - afterload - and preload
Subendocardial
Isovolumetric contraction
Atherosclerosis

8. segmental thrombosing vasculitis of small and medium vessels in smokers with intermittent claudication - superficial nodular phlebitis - raynaud's - gangrene and severe pain - autoamputation of digits is possible

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

9. What is the effect on the slope of phase 4 in pacemaker cells by Ach or adenosine?
Squat. Compression of femoral arteries - inc TPR - dec
Decreases
Filling is incomplete and CO falls
Gap junctions

10. Where are pacemaker cells?
Chordae rupture - GN - suppurative pericarditis - emboli
Myxomatous degeneration - RF - chordae rupture
Aneurysms - ischemia - infarcts - peripheral vasc dz - thromboemboli
SA and AV nodes

11. Exercise - overtransfusiion and excitiment causes and increase in...?
Preload
Kids
SA>AV>bundle of His>ventricles
Cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids

12. exaggerated decrease in pulse during inspiration.

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

13. What is the most common cause of MI
Cherry hemangioma
Strawberry hemangioma
Acute thrombosis of coronary artery
The operating point of the heart

14. What is the S2 sound?
Ventricles are depolarized
Pulsus parvus and tardus - weak - can lead to syncope
Aortic and pulmonary closing
In HF

15. What other congenital abnormality is necessary for life for a patient with transposition of the great vesses?
Tetralogy of fallot - transposition of great vessels - truncus arteriosus - tricuspid atresia - TAPVR
Shunt - VSD - PDA or patent foramen ovale - due to failure of the aorticopulmonary septum to spiral
Inc afterload - inc contractility - inc heart rate - inc heart size (inc wall tension)
Kawasaki

16. What does FAN MY SKIN On Wednesday stand for?
Failure of LV to in CO during exercise
Fever - Arthritis - Night sweats - Myalgia - SKIN nodules - Ocular disturbances - Weak pulses in upper extremities
S. epidermidis
Slow conduction velocity - used by AV node prolongs transmission from atria to ventrical

17. p - anca

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

18. Wegener's tx
Pulsus parvus and tardus - weak - can lead to syncope
Cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids
Posterior descending (80% off the RCA - 20% off the circumflex)
Sarcoid - amyloid - postradiation fibrosis - endocardial fibroelastosis - Loffler - hemochromatosis

19. Do dihydropyridine or non - dihyrdropyridine Ca channel blockers decrease contractility
Fick principle
Sudden tensing of chordae tendinae
Decrease in cAMP
Non

20. What are the diastolic heart sounds?
CK- MB
Aortic/pulmonic regurg and mitral/tricuspid stenosis
LAD
Ischemic heart dz - mitral valve prolapse - LV dilation

21. disruption of the vasa vasorum of aorta - dilation of aorta and valve ring - tree bark appearance (calcifications on aortic root)
3rd degree syphillus - syphillit heart disease can lead to aortic valve incompetence
S. bovis
Pyogenic granuloma - associated with trauma and pregnancy
Atrial contraction

22. Which bacteria causes rheumatic heart disease
Takayasu's arteritis
Aortic dilation - bicuspid aortic valve - RF -
Group a beta hemolytic strep
Vasodilators

23. What does TAPVR stand for
Total anomalous pulmonary trunk venous return
QRS complex
ANP
Tricuspid - don't tri drugs - S. aureus - pseudomonas - candida

24. Which enzyme rises after 4 hours and is elevated for 7 to 10 days after an MI?
Microscopic polyangiitis - like wegener's without granulomas
Inc TPR and LA return (expiration)
Polycythemia - hyperproteinemic states (multiple myeloma) - hereditary spherocytosis
Troponin I

25. What stimulates release of calcium from the SR?
Extracellular calcium - calcium induced calcium release
EKG
Pulmonic stenosis and RBBB
Aortic disecction - intraluminal tear forming false lumen

26. Which sympathetic receptors raise MAP
Cardiac tamponde
2-4 day - early coag necrosis on the first day
Beta 1 inc HR and cont - alpha 1 venocxn - alpha 1 arteriolar vascxn
Subendocardial

27. What is the S1 sound?
Mitral and tricuspid closure
Extracellular calcium - calcium induced calcium release
Ventricles are depolarized
Group a beta hemolytic strep

28. MAP is also known as
Infantile is proximal to ductus arteriosus and adult is distal. Infantile In and aDult is Distal to Ductus
Afterload (proportional to peripheral resistance)
Arteriolosclerosis in malignant hypertension
Cystic hygroma

29. The cause of pulmonary edema - paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea?
The LA - can cause dysphagia because of compression of the esophageal nerve or hoarseness by compressing the the recurrent laryngeal nerve
Fast volatge gated Na channels
LV failure - pulm venous distention transudation of fluid
Subendocardial

30. What are the complications of atherosclerosis?
S. epidermidis
Greater ventricular EDV
Stroke volume
Aneurysms - ischemia - infarcts - peripheral vasc dz - thromboemboli

31. Churg Strauss - presentation and test
Granulomatous vasculitis with eosinophilia. Asthma - sinusitis - skin lesions and periphereal neuropathy (wrist/foot drop) heart - GI - kidneys
Initial repol - inactivation of of voltage gated Na channels - voltage gated K channels begin to open
Adult type aortic coarctation
S. epidermidis

32. rate of 02 consumption/ arterial 02 - venous 02 ccontent=CO
Early deaths from myocarditis
Medullary vasomotor center senses baroreceptors and JGA
Decrease in activity of Na/Ca exhanger and increase in contractility
Fick principle

33. which medications are used to maintain patency or close the ductus arteriosus?
Fast volatge gated Na channels
At least 55%
Adult type aortic coarctation
Indomethacin closes - and pge keeps it open

34. In the cardiac and vascular function curves - In what instance is the vascular curve shifted to the left?
Viridans streptococci
LAD - V1 - V4
Rhabdomyomas
Hemorrhage

35. congenital heart defect with congenital rubella
Increase intracellular Na - resulting in increased Ca
Chordae rupture - GN - suppurative pericarditis - emboli
Septal defects - PDA - pulm art stenosis
Holosystoiic

36. In an anterior wall infarct - which artery is effected and which leads show Q waves
LAD - V1 - V4
MAP
Changes in CO as a function of preload
Volatage gated Ca channels

37. Which enzymes are useful for diagnosing reinfarction
Diastolic
Stroke volume affected by contractility - afterload - and preload
CK- MB
Stable angina

38. The cause of cardiac dilation?
Black > white > asian
5-10 days - macs have degraded structural components
Greater ventricular EDV
The plateau period

39. What is association with fixed S2 splitting - does not increase with inspiration
Isovolumetric contraction
ASD
Eccentric - concentric hypertrophy causes diastolic disfunction
Microscopic polyangiitis - like wegener's without granulomas

40. How are the sarcomeres added in eccentric hypertrophy?
Holosystolic - harsh sounding murmur - loudest over tricuspid area
Dressler's - autoimmune
Sudden tensing of chordae tendinae
In series

41. acute - self limiting necrotizing vasculitis in children associated with fever - conjunctivitis - strawberry tongue - desquamatous skin rash - lymphadenitis - coronary sinus aneurysms. Seen in asians
Kawasaki
Increase - increase the chance the If are open
The aortic before pulmonic - inspiration increases diff
Chordae rupture - GN - suppurative pericarditis - emboli

42. Which murmur is heard in aortic stenosis?
Crescendo - decrescendo systolic ejection murmur following ejection click
SA>AV>bundle of His>ventricles
Pulmonic stenosis and RBBB
Kussmaul's sign - cardiac tamponade - pulsus paradoxus

43. When do coronary arteries fill?
Aortic disecction - intraluminal tear forming false lumen
Normal in children and pregs - assoc with inc filling pressures - early in diastole during rapid ventricular filling
During diastole
SV/ EDV

44. How does acidosis affect contractility?
Polyarteritis nodosum
Right sided
Decreased
V fib arrhythima

45. benign capillary skin papules in AIDS patients mistaken for kaposi sarcoma - caused by bartonella henselae
Diastolic
Immediate high pitched blowing diasystolic murmur with a wide pulse pressure
Sudden tensing of chordae tendinae
...

46. Which class of drugs decrease preload
3rd degree syphillus - syphillit heart disease can lead to aortic valve incompetence
Sudden tensing of chordae tendinae
SA and AV nodes
Venodilators (nitrogylcerine)

47. What is sudden cardiac death most commonly due to...
LAD - V1- V2
Cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids
V fib arrhythima
Diastolic

48. What masks atrial repolarization?
QRS complex
Pulse pressure
Inc interstitial osmotic pressure pulling fliud out of capillaries
Ventricles are depolarized

49. Central chemoreceptors do not respond directly to which parameter?
P02
Holosystolic - harsh sounding murmur - loudest over tricuspid area
Patent ductus arteriosus - congenital rubella or prematurity
Kaposi's sarcoma

50. What causes the CO curve to shift downwards?
Neg inotropy - HF - narcotic overdose
Increase - increase the chance the If are open
Cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids
Kids