SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Cardiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. retrosternal chest main with exertion - ST depression on ECG - likely due atherosclerosis
Holosystoiic
RCA
10%
Stable angina
2. The cause of pulmonary edema - paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea?
Dec plasma proteins
Transfusion
Afterload (proportional to peripheral resistance)
LV failure - pulm venous distention transudation of fluid
3. Where are pacemaker cells?
Group a beta hemolytic strep
Inc Kf - capillary perm
Purkingee>atria>ventricles>AV node
SA and AV nodes
4. What are common causes of mitral regurg?
Diastolic
Increasing activity of Ca pump in SR
Ischemic heart dz - mitral valve prolapse - LV dilation
Subendocardial - fewer collaterals and higher pressure
5. Which valve is most commonly involved in bacterial endocarditis?
TAPVR
RCA
Crescendo - decrescendo systolic ejection murmur following ejection click
Mitral valve
6. MAP is also known as
Stroke volume
Prinzmetal angina
Afterload (proportional to peripheral resistance)
Indomethacin closes - and pge keeps it open
7. What is the danger of torsades to pointes?
Increasing activity of Ca pump in SR
Sudden tensing of chordae tendinae
Can progess to V fib
Dilation
8. disruption of the vasa vasorum of aorta - dilation of aorta and valve ring - tree bark appearance (calcifications on aortic root)
Dec plasma proteins
Stroke volume affected by contractility - afterload - and preload
Hematocrit
3rd degree syphillus - syphillit heart disease can lead to aortic valve incompetence
9. What happens in phase 3 of the cardiac ventricular action potential?
Aortic/pulmonic regurg and mitral/tricuspid stenosis
Hypertrophied cardiomyopathy
Rapid repol - massive K influx - opening of voltage gated slow K channels and closure of Ca channels
Extracellular calcium - calcium induced calcium release
10. skin rash on buttocks and legs - arthralgia - intestinal hemorrhage - abdominal pain - melena. Follows URI - IgA immune complex - most common childhood systemic vasculitis
During diastole
CHF
Takayasu's arteritis
Henoch - Schlonlein purpura
11. which heart valves are afected most in rheumatic heart diseease
Mitral>aortic>>tricuspid - high pressure valves affected most
Coarcation of aorta
Dec plasma proteins
Kussmaul's sign - cardiac tamponade - pulsus paradoxus
12. Which vessels account for the most total peripheral resistance
Can progess to V fib
Abdominal aorta>coronary artery>popliteal artery>carotid artery ACoPCa
In series
Arteriorles
13. How does a patient with Tet of fallot learn to improve symptoms?
Hematocrit
EKG
Squat. Compression of femoral arteries - inc TPR - dec
Wegener's
14. What are the different etiologies of dialted cardiomyopathy
Raynaud's
MI
EtOh - wet Beriberi - Coxsackie B - cocaine - chagas - doxorubicin - hemochromatosis - peripartum cardiomyopathy
During diastole
15. How does angiotensin II raise MAP
Inc venous return exaccerbates pulm vasc congestion
Vasocxn
Vasodilators
Dec P02 - inc PC02 and dec pH
16. What is the association with wide S2 splitting?
Neg inotropy - HF - narcotic overdose
During diastole
Acute thrombosis of coronary artery
Pulmonic stenosis and RBBB
17. The 7 complications of MI
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
18. Which kind of infarct show ST elevation - and/or pathologic Q waves
Transmural
Left atrial pressure
Plateau - influx of calcium through voltage gated ca channels - ca release from SR and contraction
Decreased
19. What is the formula for EF?
Boot shaped heart
Volatage gated Ca channels
Increased SV
SV/ EDV
20. What are the systolic heart sounds
Ventricles are depolarized
Ventricular repolarization
Aortic/pulmonic stenosis and mitral/tricuspid regurg
Adult type aortic coarctation
21. In an EKG - What is the QT interval?
Hemoptysis - hematuria - perforation of nasal septum - chronic sinusitis - otitis media - mastoiditis - cough dyspnea
Mechanican contraction of the ventricles
Proportional to viscosity and inversely proportional to the radius to the 4th power
Rapid upstroke - voltage gated Na channels open
22. EDV is also known as
Initial repol - inactivation of of voltage gated Na channels - voltage gated K channels begin to open
RF
Preload
Granuloma with giant cells
23. When and why do you hear the S4 sound
R to L shunt caused by stenoic pulmonic valve
Aortic dilation - bicuspid aortic valve - RF -
MI
Late in diastole - high atrial pressure - pushing against a stiff LV wall - associated with ventricular hypertrophy
24. Equilibration of diastolic pressures in all 4 chambers - decreased CO from compression of heart by fluid in pericardium
3rd degree block - pacemaker - Lyme disease
Cardiac tamponde
Hypotension - inc venous pressure - distant heart sounds - inc HR - pulsus paradoxus
Arrhythmia - LV failure and pulm edema - cardiogenic shock - free wall rupture - aneurysm - postinfarcation fibrinous pericarditis - dressler's
25. What are the diastolic heart sounds?
Group a beta hemolytic strep
CHF
Aortic/pulmonic regurg and mitral/tricuspid stenosis
During diastole
26. in the JVP - What is the a wave?
Glomus tumor
Aortic/pulmonic regurg and mitral/tricuspid stenosis
Atrial contraction
Heart - 02 extraction is always around 100%
27. What is the difference between adult and infantile type aortic coarctation?
Ventricles are depolarized
Left heart failure
Cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids
Infantile is proximal to ductus arteriosus and adult is distal. Infantile In and aDult is Distal to Ductus
28. Expiration causes an increase in which sided heart sounds
Left sided
Tempral arteritis - may cause irreversible blindness
Mechanican contraction of the ventricles
Aortic/pulmonic stenosis and mitral/tricuspid regurg
29. What is the most common cause of right heart failure
Left heart failure
RCA
The plateau period
Fick principle
30. Central chemoreceptors do not respond directly to which parameter?
Aburpt halting of valve leaflets
P02
S. bovis
Atherosclerosis
31. How does acidosis affect contractility?
Indomethacin closes - and pge keeps it open
Decreased
Left heart failure
Granulomatous vasculitis with eosinophilia. Asthma - sinusitis - skin lesions and periphereal neuropathy (wrist/foot drop) heart - GI - kidneys
32. What causes hepatomegaly?
Inc central venous pressure - inc resistance to portal flow
P02
Adult type aortic coarctation
QRS complex
33. congenital heart defect with turner's
In parallel
Coarcation of aorta
No
In HF
34. What happens in phase 0 of the cardiac ventricular action potential?
Inc central venous pressure - inc resistance to portal flow
Rapid upstroke - voltage gated Na channels open
Maintain blood flow to organ over wide range of perfussion pressures
Calcification in media of arteries esp radial and ulnar - does not obstruct blood flow - intima not involved
35. Wegener's presentation
Decrease in cAMP
Hemoptysis - hematuria - perforation of nasal septum - chronic sinusitis - otitis media - mastoiditis - cough dyspnea
Mitral valve prolapse
Decrease in activity of Na/Ca exhanger and increase in contractility
36. What does prolonged QT predispose to?
Hypotension - inc venous pressure - distant heart sounds - inc HR - pulsus paradoxus
Torsades de pointes
Medullary vasomotor center senses baroreceptors and JGA
Vagus to medulla
37. polypoid capillary hemangioma that can ulcerate and bleed
Inc RA pressure - due to filling against closed tricupsid valve
Pyogenic granuloma - associated with trauma and pregnancy
Dilated cardiomyopathy
140/90
38. congenital heart defect with congenital rubella
R to L shunt caused by stenoic pulmonic valve
Septal defects - PDA - pulm art stenosis
Aortic/pulmonic regurg and mitral/tricuspid stenosis
LAD - V1- V2
39. machine murmer
Lymphangiosarcoma
PDA
Ventricular repolarization
Hemoptysis - hematuria - perforation of nasal septum - chronic sinusitis - otitis media - mastoiditis - cough dyspnea
40. SV CAP means?
Late in diastole - high atrial pressure - pushing against a stiff LV wall - associated with ventricular hypertrophy
Granuloma with giant cells
Stroke volume affected by contractility - afterload - and preload
Inc interstitial osmotic pressure pulling fliud out of capillaries
41. When and why is the S3 sound heard?
Normal in children and pregs - assoc with inc filling pressures - early in diastole during rapid ventricular filling
Inc interstitial osmotic pressure pulling fliud out of capillaries
Pyogenic granuloma - associated with trauma and pregnancy
EKG
42. What is the effect on the slope of phase 4 in pacemaker cells by Ach or adenosine?
Henoch - Schlonlein purpura
Postinfarction fibrinous pericarditis
Stroke volume
Decreases
43. What does increasing intracellular Ca do?
Increase contractility
SA and AV nodes
Age related calcifications or bicuspid aortic valve
Non
44. Inspiration causes an increase in which sided heart sounds?
Right sided
P02
Aburpt halting of valve leaflets
10%
45. Endothelial malignancy of the skin assocated with HHV-8 and HIV
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
46. What is the S1 sound?
Heart - 02 extraction is always around 100%
Pyogenic granuloma - associated with trauma and pregnancy
Mitral and tricuspid closure
Stable angina
47. In terms of starling forces - why does nephrotic syndrome or liver failure cause edems
Dec plasma proteins
Fever - roth's spots - osler's nodes - murmur - janeway lesions - anemia - nail - bed hemorrhages - emboli
Transmural
Mitral stenosis
48. What happends in phase 1 of the ventricular cardiac action potential?
Varicose veins - thromboembolism rare
Chordae rupture - GN - suppurative pericarditis - emboli
Increasing activity of Ca pump in SR
Initial repol - inactivation of of voltage gated Na channels - voltage gated K channels begin to open
49. most common primary cardiac tumor in children - associated with tuberous sclerosis
Cherry hemangioma
Conduction delay through AV node - nl < 200 msec
Rhabdomyomas
Heart - 02 extraction is always around 100%
50. congenital heart defect with marfan's
Aortic insuffic - late
Atherosclerosis
Proportional to viscosity and inversely proportional to the radius to the 4th power
Dec plasma proteins