SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Cardiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. disease of elastic arteries and large and medium sized muscular arteries
Glossopharyngeal to soliary nucleus of medulla
Atherosclerosis
Inc venous return exaccerbates pulm vasc congestion
Sudden tensing of chordae tendinae
2. In an acute MI - are there any visible changes via LM in the first 2-4 hours
Anterosuperior displacement of the infundibular septum
No
LAD - V1- V2
Lower right - MC - upper right - AO - upper right AC - lower left MO
3. What is the machine like murmur? What is the heart pathology and the predisposing causes
MI
Patent ductus arteriosus - congenital rubella or prematurity
Atrial fiutter - identical back to back atrial depol's - convert to sinus - cal IA - IC or III antiarrhythmics
Total anomalous pulmonary trunk venous return
4. What is the definition of HTN?
Sensironeural deafness - defects in sodium and potassium channels - jervell and lange - neilsen syndrome
140/90
Preload
No - no pressure gradient
5. What is the danger of torsades to pointes?
Infantile is proximal to ductus arteriosus and adult is distal. Infantile In and aDult is Distal to Ductus
Can progess to V fib
Stable angina
ASD
6. What does the U wave indicated?
HypoK and bradycardia
2-4 day - early coag necrosis on the first day
Atrial fiutter - identical back to back atrial depol's - convert to sinus - cal IA - IC or III antiarrhythmics
Sensironeural deafness - defects in sodium and potassium channels - jervell and lange - neilsen syndrome
7. Wegener's presentation
Afterload (proportional to peripheral resistance)
RF
Hemoptysis - hematuria - perforation of nasal septum - chronic sinusitis - otitis media - mastoiditis - cough dyspnea
CHF
8. What is the most common cause of right heart failure
Shunt - VSD - PDA or patent foramen ovale - due to failure of the aorticopulmonary septum to spiral
Mitral>aortic>>tricuspid - high pressure valves affected most
Left heart failure
Neg inotropy - HF - narcotic overdose
9. When do you see extensive coagulative necrosis in an MI
Pulse pressure
2-4 day - early coag necrosis on the first day
Vasodilators - (hydrAlAzine)
3rd degree syphillus - syphillit heart disease can lead to aortic valve incompetence
10. Which murmur is heard with mitral prolapse?
3rd degree syphillus - syphillit heart disease can lead to aortic valve incompetence
Inc afterload - inc contractility - inc heart rate - inc heart size (inc wall tension)
Late systolic crescendo murmur with a midsystolic click
LCX - V4- V6
11. What does the atria release in response to inc blood volume and atrial pressure
Rapid upstroke - voltage gated Na channels open
Acute thrombosis of coronary artery
Decrease in activity of Na/Ca exhanger and increase in contractility
ANP
12. Which bacteria can cause endocarditis from prosthetic valves?
LAD > RCA > circumflex
S. epidermidis
Decreases
2nd degree AV block - mobitz type 2 - may progess to 3rd degree block
13. What are aschoff bodies
Granuloma with giant cells
Buerger's disease
Stroke volume affected by contractility - afterload - and preload
Diastolic
14. most common primary cardiac tumor in children - associated with tuberous sclerosis
Rhabdomyomas
PDA
Sudden tensing of chordae tendinae
EtOh - wet Beriberi - Coxsackie B - cocaine - chagas - doxorubicin - hemochromatosis - peripartum cardiomyopathy
15. machine murmer
Sarcoid - amyloid - postradiation fibrosis - endocardial fibroelastosis - Loffler - hemochromatosis
PDA
Vasocxn - while other tissues it causes vasodilation
10%
16. What are the systolic heart sounds
Aortic/pulmonic stenosis and mitral/tricuspid regurg
Inc ICP - cerebral ischemia - inc SANS tone (HTN) and reflex bradycardia
Truncus - tet of fallot
Heart - 02 extraction is always around 100%
17. What is sudden cardiac death most commonly due to...
Stroke volume affected by contractility - afterload - and preload
Mechanican contraction of the ventricles
Squat. Compression of femoral arteries - inc TPR - dec
V fib arrhythima
18. What cardiac change occurs in pregnancy?
Stroke volume affected by contractility - afterload - and preload
Increased SV
Crescendo - decrescendo systolic ejection murmur following ejection click
Isovolumetric contraction
19. In an inferior wall infarct - which artery is affected and which leads show Q waves
Patent ductus arteriosus - congenital rubella or prematurity
RCA - II - III - aVF
...
Increasing activity of Ca pump in SR
20. What channels do the the pacemaker cells lack?
Fast volatge gated Na channels
Boot shaped heart
Unstable/crescendo angina
Mitral valve prolapse
21. immune mediated transmural vasculitis with fibrinoid necrosis - small and medium vessels - renal and viscera - not pulm arteries - hep B seropos in 30% of pts
Polyarteritis nodosum
Isovolumetric contraction
Atherosclerosis
Failure of LV to in CO during exercise
22. In an EKG - What is the p wave?
Atrial contraction
Microscopic polyangiitis - like wegener's without granulomas
1st degree AV blodck
Postinfarction fibrinous pericarditis
23. congenital heart defect in an infant with a diabetic mother?
Infantile is proximal to ductus arteriosus and adult is distal. Infantile In and aDult is Distal to Ductus
Transposition of great vessels
EKG
Total anomalous pulmonary trunk venous return
24. fibrinous pericarditis several weeks post MI
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
25. When does extracellular calcium enter the cardiac muscle cells during contraction?
2nd degree AV block - mobitz type 2 - may progess to 3rd degree block
The plateau period
Truncus - tet of fallot
ASD
26. How are sarcomeres added in concentric hypertrophy?
In series
Viridans streptococci
Rapid upstroke - voltage gated Na channels open
In parallel
27. Which organ has ht highest blood flow per gram of tissue
EtOh - wet Beriberi - Coxsackie B - cocaine - chagas - doxorubicin - hemochromatosis - peripartum cardiomyopathy
Raynaud's
Kidney
Cystic hygroma
28. diaphoresis - N/V - severe retrosternal pain - pain in left arm/jaw - SOB - fatigue - adrenergic symptoms
S. bovis
Kids
10%
MI
29. Rank the following by speed of conduction - av node - atria - purkinjee - ventricles
Tempral arteritis - may cause irreversible blindness
Resting potential high K perm
HypoK and bradycardia
Purkingee>atria>ventricles>AV node
30. How does acidosis affect contractility?
Decreased
Rhabdomyomas
Postinfarction fibrinous pericarditis
LCX - I - aVL
31. What does FEVERSS stand for in rheumatic heart disease
Strawberry hemangioma
Beta 1 inc HR and cont - alpha 1 venocxn - alpha 1 arteriolar vascxn
Fever - erythema marginatum - valvular damage - ESR - red hot joints - subQ nodules - St. vitus dance (chorea)
Hypertrophied cardiomyopathy
32. sudden death in young atheletes - S4 - apical impulses - outflow obstruction
Decreases
Rapid repol - massive K influx - opening of voltage gated slow K channels and closure of Ca channels
Hypertrophied cardiomyopathy
LAD > RCA > circumflex
33. fibrous plaques and atheromas in intima of arteries
Sturge weber - vasculitis of caps
If sodium channel
Atherosclerosis
Abdominal aorta>coronary artery>popliteal artery>carotid artery ACoPCa
34. What causes ankle - sacral edema - jugular venous distention
Neg inotropy - HF - narcotic overdose
Aneurysms - ischemia - infarcts - peripheral vasc dz - thromboemboli
RV failure - in venous pressure
Lower right - MC - upper right - AO - upper right AC - lower left MO
35. in the JVP - What is the a wave?
Fick principle
SA and AV nodes
Atrial contraction
V fib arrhythima
36. MAP is also known as
Afterload (proportional to peripheral resistance)
Polyarteritis nodosum
Metastasis from melanoma or lymphoma
Mitral>aortic>>tricuspid - high pressure valves affected most
37. smaller vegetations - congenitally abnormal or diseased valves - sequela of dental procedures. Insidious onset
Abdominal aorta>coronary artery>popliteal artery>carotid artery ACoPCa
Viridans streptococci
Polyarteritis nodosum
Sarcoid - amyloid - postradiation fibrosis - endocardial fibroelastosis - Loffler - hemochromatosis
38. How do beta blockers decrease contractility?
In RA return (inspiration)
Decrease in cAMP
Aortic dilation - bicuspid aortic valve - RF -
Pulsus parvus and tardus - weak - can lead to syncope
39. Which bacteria causes rheumatic heart disease
Group a beta hemolytic strep
Pulse pressure
Hypertrophied cardiomyopathy
Isovolumetric contraction
40. congenital heart defect with marfan's
Granuloma with giant cells
Increase contractility
Arrhythmia - LV failure and pulm edema - cardiogenic shock - free wall rupture - aneurysm - postinfarcation fibrinous pericarditis - dressler's
Aortic insuffic - late
41. What does an isoelectric ST segment indicate?
Inc RA pressure - due to filling against closed tricupsid valve
Aortic disecction - intraluminal tear forming false lumen
Ventricles are depolarized
Kawasaki
42. The cause of dyspnea on exertion?
Failure of LV to in CO during exercise
Holosystolic - harsh sounding murmur - loudest over tricuspid area
Cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids
Arteriorles
43. In an anteroseptal infarct - which artery is effected - and which leads show Q waves?
Inc venous return exaccerbates pulm vasc congestion
Arteriorles
CO
LAD - V1- V2
44. Which murmur is characteristic of mitral/tricuspid regurg?
Unstable/crescendo angina
2nd degree AV block - mobitz type 1
Atherosclerosis
Holosystoiic
45. congenital heart defect with 22q11
S. epidermidis
No
MI
Truncus - tet of fallot
46. Expiration causes an increase in which sided heart sounds
Left sided
2-4 day - early coag necrosis on the first day
Beta 1 inc HR and cont - alpha 1 venocxn - alpha 1 arteriolar vascxn
Shunt - VSD - PDA or patent foramen ovale - due to failure of the aorticopulmonary septum to spiral
47. How are the sarcomeres added in eccentric hypertrophy?
Metastasis from melanoma or lymphoma
TAPVR
In series
Takayasu's arteritis
48. Which murmur is heard in aortic stenosis?
S. bovis
Crescendo - decrescendo systolic ejection murmur following ejection click
Purkingee>atria>ventricles>AV node
CHF
49. Fatal arrhythmia
Granuloma with giant cells
Venodilators (nitrogylcerine)
Boot shaped heart
V fib
50. which medications are used to maintain patency or close the ductus arteriosus?
RCA
Pulsus parvus and tardus - weak - can lead to syncope
Increase intracellular Na - resulting in increased Ca
Indomethacin closes - and pge keeps it open