Test your basic knowledge |

Cardiology

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Does eccentric hypertrophy or concentric hypertrophy cause systolic disfunction
Eccentric - concentric hypertrophy causes diastolic disfunction
Inc venous return exaccerbates pulm vasc congestion
RCA
Mitral and tricuspid closure

2. machine murmer
Cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids
Increase intracellular Na - resulting in increased Ca
Tricuspid atresia - requires ASD and VSD
PDA

3. In terms of starling forces - why does heart failure cause edema?
Calcification in media of arteries esp radial and ulnar - does not obstruct blood flow - intima not involved
Increase in Pc
Aortic stenosis or LBBB
Glomus tumor

4. What does an isoelectric ST segment indicate?
Pos inotropy - exercise
Babies
Volatage gated Ca channels
Ventricles are depolarized

5. What is associated with paradoxical spliting of S2
Kawasaki
Mitral and tricuspid closure
Proportional to viscosity and inversely proportional to the radius to the 4th power
Aortic stenosis or LBBB

6. no change in PR interval followed by dropped beat
2nd degree AV block - mobitz type 2 - may progess to 3rd degree block
Ischemic heart dz - mitral valve prolapse - LV dilation
1st degree AV blodck
Tetrology of fallot - pulmonary stenosis - RVH - overiding aorta - VSD

7. EDV - ESV
Libman - sacks endocarditis
EtOh - wet Beriberi - Coxsackie B - cocaine - chagas - doxorubicin - hemochromatosis - peripartum cardiomyopathy
Apex and anterior interventricular septum
Stroke volume

8. In an inferior wall infarct - which artery is affected and which leads show Q waves
Viridans streptococci
RCA - II - III - aVF
Takayasu's arteritis
Cherry hemangioma

9. Why is contractility decreased in heart failure?
Cystic hygroma
Adult type aortic coarctation
Systolic dysfunction
Atrial contraction

10. rate of 02 consumption/ arterial 02 - venous 02 ccontent=CO
Hemoptysis - hematuria - perforation of nasal septum - chronic sinusitis - otitis media - mastoiditis - cough dyspnea
Cardiac tamponade - asthma - obstructive sleep apnea - pericarditis and croup
Fick principle
Group a beta hemolytic strep

11. What does FROM JANE stand for in bacterial endocarditis?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

12. What are the complications of atherosclerosis?
Aneurysms - ischemia - infarcts - peripheral vasc dz - thromboemboli
S. aureus
7 weeks
RV failure - in venous pressure

13. In an anterolateral infarct - which artery is effected and which leads show Q waves
Age related calcifications or bicuspid aortic valve
Inc central venous pressure - inc resistance to portal flow
140/90
LCX - V4- V6

14. no relation between p waves and QRS intervals - treatment and predisposing factor
Boot shaped heart
Vasodilators - (hydrAlAzine)
Chordae rupture - GN - suppurative pericarditis - emboli
3rd degree block - pacemaker - Lyme disease

15. What causes hepatomegaly?
Aortic insuffic - late
MAP
During diastole
Inc central venous pressure - inc resistance to portal flow

16. fibrinous pericarditis several weeks post MI

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

17. In the cardiac cycle - which period has the highest 02 consumption?
Mitral>aortic>>tricuspid - high pressure valves affected most
Isovolumetric contraction
Chordae rupture - GN - suppurative pericarditis - emboli
Fever - Arthritis - Night sweats - Myalgia - SKIN nodules - Ocular disturbances - Weak pulses in upper extremities

18. What are the different etiologies of dialted cardiomyopathy
EtOh - wet Beriberi - Coxsackie B - cocaine - chagas - doxorubicin - hemochromatosis - peripartum cardiomyopathy
CK- MB
Fick principle
RCA

19. Which area of the endocardium is especially vulnerable to infarction? Why?
Tricuspid atresia - requires ASD and VSD
Subendocardial - fewer collaterals and higher pressure
Kawasaki
RCA

20. When and why is the S3 sound heard?
Arrhythmia - LV failure and pulm edema - cardiogenic shock - free wall rupture - aneurysm - postinfarcation fibrinous pericarditis - dressler's
Normal in children and pregs - assoc with inc filling pressures - early in diastole during rapid ventricular filling
Torsades de pointes
Troponin I

21. Wegener's tx
SV/ EDV
Rapid repol - massive K influx - opening of voltage gated slow K channels and closure of Ca channels
140/90
Cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids

22. In terms of starling forces - why does nephrotic syndrome or liver failure cause edems
Dec plasma proteins
Wolff - Parkinson white syndrome
PDA
Wegener's

23. congenital heart defect with congenital rubella
Septal defects - PDA - pulm art stenosis
LCX - V4- V6
Inc RA pressure - due to filling against closed tricupsid valve
Can progess to V fib

24. smaller vegetations - congenitally abnormal or diseased valves - sequela of dental procedures. Insidious onset
Increase contractility
Torsades de pointes
Subendocardial
Viridans streptococci

25. What does increasing intracellular Ca do?
No - no pressure gradient
Increase contractility
At least 55%
LCX - I - aVL

26. What cardiac change occurs in pregnancy?
Volatage gated Ca channels
Increased SV
Tempral arteritis - may cause irreversible blindness
Infantile is proximal to ductus arteriosus and adult is distal. Infantile In and aDult is Distal to Ductus

27. most common primary cardiac tumor in adults - ball - valve obstruction in left atrium
Aortic/pulmonic regurg and mitral/tricuspid stenosis
RCA
The operating point of the heart
Myxoma

28. Given P = QR - what factors influence resistance?
Purkingee>atria>ventricles>AV node
Ventricles are depolarized
Proportional to viscosity and inversely proportional to the radius to the 4th power
2-4 day - early coag necrosis on the first day

29. Where is the most posterior portion of the heart and What can it cause?
The LA - can cause dysphagia because of compression of the esophageal nerve or hoarseness by compressing the the recurrent laryngeal nerve
Inc central venous pressure - inc resistance to portal flow
Raynaud's
Atherosclerosis

30. Endothelial malignancy of the skin assocated with HHV-8 and HIV

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

31. bening capillary hemangioma of elderly - does not regress
Dressler's - autoimmune
Inc interstitial osmotic pressure pulling fliud out of capillaries
Aortic dilation - bicuspid aortic valve - RF -
Cherry hemangioma

32. What happens in phase 2 of the cardiac ventricular action potential?
Plateau - influx of calcium through voltage gated ca channels - ca release from SR and contraction
Mitral stenosis
Kussmaul's sign - cardiac tamponade - pulsus paradoxus
RCA - II - III - aVF

33. What is the formula for EF?
Increase - increase the chance the If are open
LAD > RCA > circumflex
SV/ EDV
CHF

34. Weak pulses - notching of the ribs on xray - HTN in upper extremeties and weak peripheral pulses
Septal defects - PDA - pulm art stenosis
Hypertrophied cardiomyopathy
Hematocrit
Adult type aortic coarctation

35. When is the scar completely formed in an MI?
Henoch - Schlonlein purpura
Isovolumetric contraction
At least 55%
7 weeks

36. Which class of drugs decreases afterload?
Cardiac tamponde
Lower right - MC - upper right - AO - upper right AC - lower left MO
Vasodilators - (hydrAlAzine)
10%

37. Equilibration of diastolic pressures in all 4 chambers - decreased CO from compression of heart by fluid in pericardium
Decreased
Tempral arteritis - may cause irreversible blindness
Polycythemia - hyperproteinemic states (multiple myeloma) - hereditary spherocytosis
Cardiac tamponde

38. What supplies the posterior left ventricle?
Kaposi's sarcoma
CFX
Aortic dilation - bicuspid aortic valve - RF -
Hemorrhage

39. Which murmur is heard with mitral prolapse?
Infective endocarditis
Tempral arteritis - may cause irreversible blindness
Shunt - VSD - PDA or patent foramen ovale - due to failure of the aorticopulmonary septum to spiral
Late systolic crescendo murmur with a midsystolic click

40. What kind of dysfunction ensues in restrictive cardiomyopathy
3rd degree syphillus - syphillit heart disease can lead to aortic valve incompetence
Diastolic
Aortic/pulmonic stenosis and mitral/tricuspid regurg
10%

41. Hyperplastic onion skinning
Arteriolosclerosis in malignant hypertension
Right sided
Black > white > asian
Patent ductus arteriosus - congenital rubella or prematurity

42. moncekberg
10%
Atherosclerosis - LVH - stroke - CHF - renal failure - retinopathy - aortic dissection
Black > white > asian
Calcification in media of arteries esp radial and ulnar - does not obstruct blood flow - intima not involved

43. sawtooth wave

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

44. In an anteroseptal infarct - which artery is effected - and which leads show Q waves?
LAD - V1- V2
Aortic and pulmonary closing
Boot shaped heart
In RA return (inspiration)

45. What happens with a decrease of extracellular Na
Volatage gated Ca channels
Myxoma
Holosystoiic
Decrease in activity of Na/Ca exhanger and increase in contractility

46. disease of elastic arteries and large and medium sized muscular arteries
Unstable/crescendo angina
Atherosclerosis
Acute thrombosis of coronary artery
Ventricular repolarization

47. Which murmur is heard in aortic stenosis?
Microscopic polyangiitis - like wegener's without granulomas
LAD
Libman - sacks endocarditis
Crescendo - decrescendo systolic ejection murmur following ejection click

48. The aortic arch receptors transmit along which nerve?
Eccentric - concentric hypertrophy causes diastolic disfunction
Inc interstitial osmotic pressure pulling fliud out of capillaries
2-4 day - early coag necrosis on the first day
Vagus to medulla

49. Fatal arrhythmia
V fib
Failure of LV to in CO during exercise
Dilation
Abdominal aorta>coronary artery>popliteal artery>carotid artery ACoPCa

50. What is association with fixed S2 splitting - does not increase with inspiration
Atherosclerosis - LVH - stroke - CHF - renal failure - retinopathy - aortic dissection
ASD
Inc Kf - capillary perm
Tricuspid atresia - requires ASD and VSD