SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Cardiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. congenital heart defect with marfan's
Increase in Pc
Aortic insuffic - late
Dec P02 - inc PC02 and dec pH
Atherosclerosis
2. smaller vegetations - congenitally abnormal or diseased valves - sequela of dental procedures. Insidious onset
Viridans streptococci
Beta 1 inc HR and cont - alpha 1 venocxn - alpha 1 arteriolar vascxn
Pulse pressure
In HF
3. What are aschoff bodies
ASD
Stroke volume affected by contractility - afterload - and preload
Granuloma with giant cells
Fetal right to left - neonate left to right leading to RVH and failure
4. What happens in phase 2 of the cardiac ventricular action potential?
Neg inotropy - HF - narcotic overdose
Rapid upstroke - voltage gated Na channels open
Plateau - influx of calcium through voltage gated ca channels - ca release from SR and contraction
Kussmaul's sign - cardiac tamponade - pulsus paradoxus
5. What do the starling forces determine
Fluid movement through capillaries
Fever - erythema marginatum - valvular damage - ESR - red hot joints - subQ nodules - St. vitus dance (chorea)
Late in diastole - high atrial pressure - pushing against a stiff LV wall - associated with ventricular hypertrophy
Group a beta hemolytic strep
6. When during cardiac nodal cells depolarize?
During diastole
Torsades de pointes
Strawberry hemangioma
Kidney
7. How does acidosis affect contractility?
Acute thrombosis of coronary artery
Fever - erythema marginatum - valvular damage - ESR - red hot joints - subQ nodules - St. vitus dance (chorea)
Decreased
Pulmonic stenosis and RBBB
8. The cause of cardiac dilation?
Increased efferent SANS and decreased efferent PANS
Greater ventricular EDV
Kussmaul's sign - cardiac tamponade - pulsus paradoxus
140/90
9. prolonged PR interval
LAD > RCA > circumflex
Mitral valve
Inc Kf - capillary perm
1st degree AV blodck
10. What causes the CO curve to shift upwards?
Vasodilators
Pos inotropy - exercise
Holosystoiic
Raynaud's
11. When is the scar completely formed in an MI?
Lymphangiosarcoma
Aortic and pulmonary closing
7 weeks
2nd degree AV block - mobitz type 2 - may progess to 3rd degree block
12. What kind of dysfunction ensues in restrictive cardiomyopathy
Diastolic
CFX
Vagus to medulla
Stroke volume
13. coronary artery spasm - ST elevation
2nd degree AV block - mobitz type 2 - may progess to 3rd degree block
Slow conduction velocity - used by AV node prolongs transmission from atria to ventrical
Prinzmetal angina
Gap junctions
14. Which enzymes are useful for diagnosing reinfarction
In parallel
CK- MB
Inc interstitial osmotic pressure pulling fliud out of capillaries
HypoK and bradycardia
15. most common primary cardiac tumor in children - associated with tuberous sclerosis
Unstable/crescendo angina
Rhabdomyomas
Ischemic heart dz - mitral valve prolapse - LV dilation
Right sided
16. pulseless disease - granulomatous thickening of the aortic arch and/or proximal great vessels - elev ESR - asian females > 40
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
17. How do catecholamines increase contractility?
Increase in Pc
Age related calcifications or bicuspid aortic valve
Diastolic
Increasing activity of Ca pump in SR
18. sudden death in young atheletes - S4 - apical impulses - outflow obstruction
Hypertrophied cardiomyopathy
LCX - I - aVL
Infantile is proximal to ductus arteriosus and adult is distal. Infantile In and aDult is Distal to Ductus
Pulsus parvus and tardus - weak - can lead to syncope
19. In what disease states is blood viscosity increased?
Subendocardial - fewer collaterals and higher pressure
Polycythemia - hyperproteinemic states (multiple myeloma) - hereditary spherocytosis
Transposition of great vessels
LV failure - pulm venous distention transudation of fluid
20. Which two mechanisms sense decrease MAP?
Diastolic
Medullary vasomotor center senses baroreceptors and JGA
QRS complex
CO
21. what percentage of HTN is secondary to renal disease?
Inc RA pressure - due to filling against closed tricupsid valve
Chordae rupture - GN - suppurative pericarditis - emboli
Arteriorles
10%
22. What is the effect on the slope of phase 4 in pacemaker cells by Ach or adenosine?
Hyperlipidemia
Decreases
Adult type aortic coarctation
MI
23. In terms of starling forces - why does heart failure cause edema?
In parallel
Increase in Pc
...
Pulsus parvus and tardus - weak - can lead to syncope
24. What supplies the posterior left ventricle?
Sarcoid - amyloid - postradiation fibrosis - endocardial fibroelastosis - Loffler - hemochromatosis
Increase intracellular Na - resulting in increased Ca
MAP
CFX
25. PROVe
Cardiac tamponde
Inc venous return exaccerbates pulm vasc congestion
Tetrology of fallot - pulmonary stenosis - RVH - overiding aorta - VSD
EKG
26. What are the four most common locations for atherosclerosis?
HypoK and bradycardia
Aortic dilation - bicuspid aortic valve - RF -
Atrial contraction
Abdominal aorta>coronary artery>popliteal artery>carotid artery ACoPCa
27. What does TAPVR stand for
Fever - Arthritis - Night sweats - Myalgia - SKIN nodules - Ocular disturbances - Weak pulses in upper extremities
P02
Conduction delay through AV node - nl < 200 msec
Total anomalous pulmonary trunk venous return
28. What causes aortic regurg
Aortic dilation - bicuspid aortic valve - RF -
2-4 day - early coag necrosis on the first day
Early deaths from myocarditis
Kids
29. SV CAP means?
Stroke volume affected by contractility - afterload - and preload
Acute thrombosis of coronary artery
Angiosarcoma
Increase intracellular Na - resulting in increased Ca
30. rate of 02 consumption/ arterial 02 - venous 02 ccontent=CO
Rapid repol - massive K influx - opening of voltage gated slow K channels and closure of Ca channels
In HF
Hypotension - inc venous pressure - distant heart sounds - inc HR - pulsus paradoxus
Fick principle
31. What is the cushing triad?
Abdominal aorta>coronary artery>popliteal artery>carotid artery ACoPCa
HTN - bradycardia - and respiratory depression
Buerger's disease
Pulmonary flow murmur and diastolic rumble
32. pulmonary veins drain into right heart circulation (SVC - coronary sinus)
Kawasaki
CHF
TAPVR
Cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids
33. What are the complications from bacterial endocarditis?
Increase intracellular Na - resulting in increased Ca
Chordae rupture - GN - suppurative pericarditis - emboli
Filling is incomplete and CO falls
RV failure - in venous pressure
34. Right to left shunts are more common in babies or kids?
Babies
Hemorrhage
Glomus tumor
Stroke volume
35. clinical signs of cardiac tamponade
Sarcoid - amyloid - postradiation fibrosis - endocardial fibroelastosis - Loffler - hemochromatosis
Venodilators (nitrogylcerine)
Hypotension - inc venous pressure - distant heart sounds - inc HR - pulsus paradoxus
Septal defects - PDA - pulm art stenosis
36. friction rub - 3-5 days post MI
Apex and anterior interventricular septum
SA>AV>bundle of His>ventricles
Postinfarction fibrinous pericarditis
If sodium channel
37. What is the result of not have fast sodium channels in pacemaker cells?
7 weeks
Plateau - influx of calcium through voltage gated ca channels - ca release from SR and contraction
Slow conduction velocity - used by AV node prolongs transmission from atria to ventrical
The operating point of the heart
38. Which class of drugs decrease the murmur heard in aortic regurg?
140/90
Vasodilators
Postinfarction fibrinous pericarditis
Fetal right to left - neonate left to right leading to RVH and failure
39. What are common causes of mitral regurg?
Troponin I
Inc RA pressure - due to filling against closed tricupsid valve
Ischemic heart dz - mitral valve prolapse - LV dilation
Pulse pressure
40. Most common vasculitis affecting medium and large arteries
Sensironeural deafness - defects in sodium and potassium channels - jervell and lange - neilsen syndrome
Endothelial cell dysfxn - mac and LDL accum - foam cell - fatty streaks - smooth muscle cell migration - fibrous plaque - comlex atheromas
Temporal arteritis
The operating point of the heart
41. fibrous plaques and atheromas in intima of arteries
Vasodilators
Atherosclerosis
Fast volatge gated Na channels
P02
42. most common primary cardiac tumor in adults - ball - valve obstruction in left atrium
Stroke volume affected by contractility - afterload - and preload
2nd degree AV block - mobitz type 1
Myxoma
Transmural
43. Do dihydropyridine or non - dihyrdropyridine Ca channel blockers decrease contractility
Inc TPR and LA return (expiration)
Non
Cardiac tamponde
Increase contractility
44. progressive lengthening of PR until beat is dropped - a p wave not followed by QRS
2nd degree AV block - mobitz type 1
Fever - roth's spots - osler's nodes - murmur - janeway lesions - anemia - nail - bed hemorrhages - emboli
Pulsus parvus and tardus - weak - can lead to syncope
Plateau - influx of calcium through voltage gated ca channels - ca release from SR and contraction
45. What causes orthopnea?
Lower right - MC - upper right - AO - upper right AC - lower left MO
Inc venous return exaccerbates pulm vasc congestion
Liver
Rapid repol - massive K influx - opening of voltage gated slow K channels and closure of Ca channels
46. What stimulates release of calcium from the SR?
Extracellular calcium - calcium induced calcium release
Transfusion
S. aureus
Strawberry hemangioma
47. delta wave on ECG - accesory conduction pathway from atria to ventricles - reentry leading to supraventricular tachycardia
Wolff - Parkinson white syndrome
1st degree AV blodck
Microscopic polyangiitis - like wegener's without granulomas
V fib
48. What does the starling curve show?
Endothelial cell dysfxn - mac and LDL accum - foam cell - fatty streaks - smooth muscle cell migration - fibrous plaque - comlex atheromas
Lymphangiosarcoma
Venodilators (nitrogylcerine)
Changes in CO as a function of preload
49. port wine stains on face - intracerebral AVM - siezures - early onset glaucoma - congenital
Stroke volume
Sturge weber - vasculitis of caps
PDA
The LA - can cause dysphagia because of compression of the esophageal nerve or hoarseness by compressing the the recurrent laryngeal nerve
50. serum marker for wegener's
C - ANCA
Mitral valve
The LA - can cause dysphagia because of compression of the esophageal nerve or hoarseness by compressing the the recurrent laryngeal nerve
1st degree AV blodck