Test your basic knowledge |

Cardiology

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Which murmur is characteristic of mitral/tricuspid regurg?
No - no pressure gradient
Holosystoiic
TAPVR
Cardiac tamponde

2. port wine stains on face - intracerebral AVM - siezures - early onset glaucoma - congenital
CK- MB
Sturge weber - vasculitis of caps
Rapid upstroke - voltage gated Na channels open
Hypertrophied cardiomyopathy

3. What is the S1 sound?
Shunt - VSD - PDA or patent foramen ovale - due to failure of the aorticopulmonary septum to spiral
Troponin I
Mitral and tricuspid closure
Rapid repol - massive K influx - opening of voltage gated slow K channels and closure of Ca channels

4. Inspiration causes an increase in which sided heart sounds?
The aortic before pulmonic - inspiration increases diff
Right sided
LAD > RCA > circumflex
5-10 days - macs have degraded structural components

5. In an EKG - What is the PR interval?
Inc interstitial osmotic pressure pulling fliud out of capillaries
Indomethacin closes - and pge keeps it open
Conduction delay through AV node - nl < 200 msec
Yes

6. benign capillary skin papules in AIDS patients mistaken for kaposi sarcoma - caused by bartonella henselae
In series
...
Cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids
Failure of LV to in CO during exercise

7. Which class of drugs decrease the murmur heard in aortic regurg?
Strawberry hemangioma
Sudden tensing of chordae tendinae
Stroke volume
Vasodilators

8. How are sarcomeres added in concentric hypertrophy?
Total anomalous pulmonary trunk venous return
In RA return (inspiration)
In parallel
Late in diastole - high atrial pressure - pushing against a stiff LV wall - associated with ventricular hypertrophy

9. moncekberg
Inc TPR and LA return (expiration)
Endothelial cell dysfxn - mac and LDL accum - foam cell - fatty streaks - smooth muscle cell migration - fibrous plaque - comlex atheromas
Microscopic polyangiitis - like wegener's without granulomas
Calcification in media of arteries esp radial and ulnar - does not obstruct blood flow - intima not involved

10. Which murmur is heard with VSD?
The operating point of the heart
Henoch - Schlonlein purpura
2nd degree AV block - mobitz type 2 - may progess to 3rd degree block
Holosystolic - harsh sounding murmur - loudest over tricuspid area

11. decrease blood flow to the skin due to arteriolar vasospasm in cold temp - emotional stress - also in SLE and CREST

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

12. congenital heart defect with marfan's
SA and AV nodes
Troponin I
Aortic insuffic - late
Preload

13. EDV is also known as
Preload
Prinzmetal angina
In RA return (inspiration)
Polycythemia - hyperproteinemic states (multiple myeloma) - hereditary spherocytosis

14. bening capillary hemangioma of elderly - does not regress
CHF
Immediate high pitched blowing diasystolic murmur with a wide pulse pressure
Takayasu's arteritis
Cherry hemangioma

15. What does the LAD supply?
LAD - V1 - V4
Cardiac tamponade - asthma - obstructive sleep apnea - pericarditis and croup
Apex and anterior interventricular septum
The aortic before pulmonic - inspiration increases diff

16. What are the diastolic heart sounds?
Vasocxn
Holosystoiic
Aortic/pulmonic regurg and mitral/tricuspid stenosis
Mitral>aortic>>tricuspid - high pressure valves affected most

17. What is sudden cardiac death most commonly due to...
V fib arrhythima
RCA
Atrial contraction
Inc RA pressure - due to filling against closed tricupsid valve

18. sawtooth wave

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

19. in the JVP - What is the v wave?
Atherosclerosis
Plateau - influx of calcium through voltage gated ca channels - ca release from SR and contraction
Inc RA pressure - due to filling against closed tricupsid valve
Patent ductus arteriosus - congenital rubella or prematurity

20. Do dihydropyridine or non - dihyrdropyridine Ca channel blockers decrease contractility
Non
V fib arrhythima
Filling is incomplete and CO falls
During HF from microhemorrhages from inc pulm cap pressure

21. Irregularly irregular ECG - no p waves: dx and treatment
Aortic disecction - intraluminal tear forming false lumen
Increased efferent SANS and decreased efferent PANS
Hematocrit
A fib - beta block or ca channel block - warfarin - thromboembolism prophylaxis

22. most common primary cardiac tumor in adults - ball - valve obstruction in left atrium
Acute thrombosis of coronary artery
Total anomalous pulmonary trunk venous return
Myxoma
Black > white > asian

23. What other syndrom is associated with infantile aortic coarctation
Pulse pressure
Polyarteritis nodosum
Mitral valve prolapse
Turners

24. sudden death in young atheletes - S4 - apical impulses - outflow obstruction
Acute thrombosis of coronary artery
During HF from microhemorrhages from inc pulm cap pressure
Hypertrophied cardiomyopathy
LAD - V1 - V4

25. In an EKG - What is the T wave?
Normal in children and pregs - assoc with inc filling pressures - early in diastole during rapid ventricular filling
Preload
Ventricular repolarization
140/90

26. Expiration causes an increase in which sided heart sounds
Inc venous return exaccerbates pulm vasc congestion
Activated histiocytes
Left sided
In RA return (inspiration)

27. congenital heart defect in an infant with a diabetic mother?
Preload
Hematocrit
Transposition of great vessels
S. bovis

28. How does aldosterone raise MAP
Inc blood volume
Prinzmetal angina
Right sided
Vasocxn

29. What causes the murmur heard in tricuspid regurg to enhance
In RA return (inspiration)
Babies
Late diastolic murmur following an opening snap
Libman - sacks endocarditis

30. When is the scar completely formed in an MI?
7 weeks
Strawberry hemangioma
Decreased
Subendocardial

31. When during cardiac nodal cells depolarize?
During diastole
Infective endocarditis
Hemorrhage
Aortic disecction - intraluminal tear forming false lumen

32. Which murmur do you hear in mitral stenosis?
Immediate high pitched blowing diasystolic murmur with a wide pulse pressure
Dressler's - autoimmune
Late diastolic murmur following an opening snap
3rd degree block - pacemaker - Lyme disease

33. When and why is the S3 sound heard?
Granuloma with giant cells
Tetrology of fallot - pulmonary stenosis - RVH - overiding aorta - VSD
RV failure - in venous pressure
Normal in children and pregs - assoc with inc filling pressures - early in diastole during rapid ventricular filling

34. Mitral stenosis is most often secondary to which condition?
Conduction delay through AV node - nl < 200 msec
Gap junctions
RF
Coarcation of aorta

35. PCWP > LV diastolic pressure
Atrial fiutter - identical back to back atrial depol's - convert to sinus - cal IA - IC or III antiarrhythmics
Mitral stenosis
LV failure - pulm venous distention transudation of fluid
RF

36. delta wave on ECG - accesory conduction pathway from atria to ventricles - reentry leading to supraventricular tachycardia
Metastasis from melanoma or lymphoma
Henoch - Schlonlein purpura
Wolff - Parkinson white syndrome
Mitral stenosis

37. Central chemoreceptors do not respond directly to which parameter?
140/90
P02
Afterload (proportional to peripheral resistance)
SV/ EDV

38. How does a patient with Tet of fallot learn to improve symptoms?
EtOh - wet Beriberi - Coxsackie B - cocaine - chagas - doxorubicin - hemochromatosis - peripartum cardiomyopathy
Squat. Compression of femoral arteries - inc TPR - dec
Late systolic crescendo murmur with a midsystolic click
Atherosclerosis - LVH - stroke - CHF - renal failure - retinopathy - aortic dissection

39. What are tendinous xanthoma - atheromas - and corneal arcus signs of?
Hyperlipidemia
S. aureus
10%
Hypertrophied cardiomyopathy

40. What is the machine like murmur? What is the heart pathology and the predisposing causes
Late diastolic murmur following an opening snap
Aortic/pulmonic stenosis and mitral/tricuspid regurg
Medullary vasomotor center senses baroreceptors and JGA
Patent ductus arteriosus - congenital rubella or prematurity

41. On the cardiac cycle graph - on which corners do the opening and closing of the aortic and mitral valves occur?
Lower right - MC - upper right - AO - upper right AC - lower left MO
The aortic before pulmonic - inspiration increases diff
Hematocrit
Tricuspid atresia - requires ASD and VSD

42. What 4 things drive myocardial 02 demand?
Fever - Arthritis - Night sweats - Myalgia - SKIN nodules - Ocular disturbances - Weak pulses in upper extremities
Inc afterload - inc contractility - inc heart rate - inc heart size (inc wall tension)
Cardiac tamponde
Aortic and pulmonary closing

43. What are the four most common locations for atherosclerosis?
Vasocxn - while other tissues it causes vasodilation
Eisenmenger's syndrome
Abdominal aorta>coronary artery>popliteal artery>carotid artery ACoPCa
HypoK and bradycardia

44. In an EKG - What is the QRS complex?
140/90
Early deaths from myocarditis
Ventricular depolarization - nl < 120 msec
Subendocardial

45. What channels do the the pacemaker cells lack?
Fast volatge gated Na channels
Metastasis from melanoma or lymphoma
Increasing activity of Ca pump in SR
Subendocardial - fewer collaterals and higher pressure

46. Wegener's tx
In parallel
Cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids
Left heart failure
Buerger's disease

47. What causes tet of fallot?
Pulmonic stenosis and RBBB
Left atrial pressure
Anterosuperior displacement of the infundibular septum
7 weeks

48. friction rub - 3-5 days post MI
Postinfarction fibrinous pericarditis
Wolff - Parkinson white syndrome
Lymphangiosarcoma
Isovolumetric contraction

49. prolonged PR interval
Late systolic crescendo murmur with a midsystolic click
1st degree AV blodck
Normal in children and pregs - assoc with inc filling pressures - early in diastole during rapid ventricular filling
Atherosclerosis - LVH - stroke - CHF - renal failure - retinopathy - aortic dissection

50. What other congenital abnormality is necessary for life for a patient with transposition of the great vesses?
Endothelial cell dysfxn - mac and LDL accum - foam cell - fatty streaks - smooth muscle cell migration - fibrous plaque - comlex atheromas
Hyperlipidemia
Shunt - VSD - PDA or patent foramen ovale - due to failure of the aorticopulmonary septum to spiral
Fetal right to left - neonate left to right leading to RVH and failure