Test your basic knowledge |

Cardiology

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Which organ has ht highest blood flow per gram of tissue
Kussmaul's sign - cardiac tamponade - pulsus paradoxus
Kidney
CFX
Sturge weber - vasculitis of caps

2. What are the 5 T's of cyanoitc babies
EKG
2nd degree AV block - mobitz type 1
Tetralogy of fallot - transposition of great vessels - truncus arteriosus - tricuspid atresia - TAPVR
Inc central venous pressure - inc resistance to portal flow

3. When and why is the S3 sound heard?
Normal in children and pregs - assoc with inc filling pressures - early in diastole during rapid ventricular filling
Inc central venous pressure - inc resistance to portal flow
2-4 day - early coag necrosis on the first day
1st degree AV blodck

4. Fatal arrhythmia
Atherosclerosis
Cardiac tamponade - asthma - obstructive sleep apnea - pericarditis and croup
Mitral stenosis
V fib

5. Which vessels account for the most total peripheral resistance
Aortic/pulmonic regurg and mitral/tricuspid stenosis
Isovolumetric contraction
Arteriorles
Beta 1 inc HR and cont - alpha 1 venocxn - alpha 1 arteriolar vascxn

6. congenital heart defect withdown syndrome
Calcification in media of arteries esp radial and ulnar - does not obstruct blood flow - intima not involved
Increased SV
ASD - VSD - AV septal defect (endocardial cushion defect)
Preload

7. What is a normal EF
At least 55%
Subendocardial
Failure of LV to in CO during exercise
Group a beta hemolytic strep

8. What masks atrial repolarization?
S. bovis
Dec P02 - inc PC02 and dec pH
QRS complex
Gap junctions

9. If HR is too fast (V tach) what happens during diastole?
Vagus to medulla
2nd degree AV block - mobitz type 1
10%
Filling is incomplete and CO falls

10. What causes ankle - sacral edema - jugular venous distention
LAD - V1- V2
Patent ductus arteriosus - congenital rubella or prematurity
RV failure - in venous pressure
Eccentric - concentric hypertrophy causes diastolic disfunction

11. Which bacteria causes endocarditis in the presence of colon cancer
Kids
Inc ICP - cerebral ischemia - inc SANS tone (HTN) and reflex bradycardia
Pulmonic stenosis and RBBB
S. bovis

12. Which channel accounts for automaticity of the SA and AV nodes?
Indomethacin closes - and pge keeps it open
Polycythemia - hyperproteinemic states (multiple myeloma) - hereditary spherocytosis
If sodium channel
RF

13. port wine stains on face - intracerebral AVM - siezures - early onset glaucoma - congenital
LAD - V1- V2
Sturge weber - vasculitis of caps
Afterload (proportional to peripheral resistance)
7 weeks

14. in the JVP - What is the c wave?
S. epidermidis
Mitral>aortic>>tricuspid - high pressure valves affected most
RV contraction (closed tricuspid valve bulding into atrium
Sensironeural deafness - defects in sodium and potassium channels - jervell and lange - neilsen syndrome

15. What is the most common cause of MI
A fib - beta block or ca channel block - warfarin - thromboembolism prophylaxis
Extracellular calcium - calcium induced calcium release
Acute thrombosis of coronary artery
Wegener's

16. The 7 complications of MI

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

17. Hyperplastic onion skinning
Decreased
Increase intracellular Na - resulting in increased Ca
Arteriolosclerosis in malignant hypertension
Lymphangiosarcoma

18. What does FEVERSS stand for in rheumatic heart disease
Diastolic
Fever - erythema marginatum - valvular damage - ESR - red hot joints - subQ nodules - St. vitus dance (chorea)
Gap junctions
Atrial contraction

19. Rank the pacemakers cells
Right sided
At least 55%
SA>AV>bundle of His>ventricles
Hypotension - inc venous pressure - distant heart sounds - inc HR - pulsus paradoxus

20. In an anterior wall infarct - which artery is effected and which leads show Q waves
LAD - V1 - V4
RV failure - in venous pressure
Sarcoid - amyloid - postradiation fibrosis - endocardial fibroelastosis - Loffler - hemochromatosis
In series

21. What are the systolic heart sounds
Chordae rupture - GN - suppurative pericarditis - emboli
Aortic disecction - intraluminal tear forming false lumen
Aortic/pulmonic stenosis and mitral/tricuspid regurg
Atrial fiutter - identical back to back atrial depol's - convert to sinus - cal IA - IC or III antiarrhythmics

22. What is the early and late lesion in rheumatic heart disease
Varicose veins - thromboembolism rare
Pulsus parvus and tardus - weak - can lead to syncope
LAD > RCA > circumflex
Mitral valve prolapse

23. friction rub - 3-5 days post MI
Postinfarction fibrinous pericarditis
Tetralogy of fallot - transposition of great vessels - truncus arteriosus - tricuspid atresia - TAPVR
Aortic disecction - intraluminal tear forming false lumen
Mechanican contraction of the ventricles

24. PROVe
Initial repol - inactivation of of voltage gated Na channels - voltage gated K channels begin to open
TAPVR
Tetrology of fallot - pulmonary stenosis - RVH - overiding aorta - VSD
Atherosclerosis

25. In an anterolateral infarct - which artery is effected and which leads show Q waves
EKG
LCX - V4- V6
Vagus to medulla
Kawasaki

26. On the cardiac cycle graph - on which corners do the opening and closing of the aortic and mitral valves occur?
Lower right - MC - upper right - AO - upper right AC - lower left MO
Turners
Holosystolic - harsh sounding murmur - loudest over tricuspid area
During diastole

27. In an inferior wall infarct - which artery is affected and which leads show Q waves
RCA - II - III - aVF
Group a beta hemolytic strep
Liver
No

28. What does HTN predispose to?
QRS complex
CK- MB
Myxomatous degeneration - RF - chordae rupture
Atherosclerosis - LVH - stroke - CHF - renal failure - retinopathy - aortic dissection

29. segmental thrombosing vasculitis of small and medium vessels in smokers with intermittent claudication - superficial nodular phlebitis - raynaud's - gangrene and severe pain - autoamputation of digits is possible

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

30. EDV is also known as
C - ANCA
S. aureus
Kawasaki
Preload

31. bacterial endocarditis - previously normal valves - rapid onset - Which bacteria?
Kidney
Vasocxn - while other tissues it causes vasodilation
Wolff - Parkinson white syndrome
S. aureus

32. cavernous lymphangioma of the neck - associated with turner's
Sarcoid - amyloid - postradiation fibrosis - endocardial fibroelastosis - Loffler - hemochromatosis
Babies
Left atrial pressure
Cystic hygroma

33. When is the scar completely formed in an MI?
7 weeks
MAP
Hematocrit
The plateau period

34. necrotizing granulomas in lung and upper airways - nectrotizing GN - small vessel vasculitis

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

35. Wegener's presentation
Hemoptysis - hematuria - perforation of nasal septum - chronic sinusitis - otitis media - mastoiditis - cough dyspnea
Varicose veins - thromboembolism rare
The LA - can cause dysphagia because of compression of the esophageal nerve or hoarseness by compressing the the recurrent laryngeal nerve
S. bovis

36. What murmur is heard with aortic regurg?
Inc central venous pressure - inc resistance to portal flow
Late diastolic murmur following an opening snap
Immediate high pitched blowing diasystolic murmur with a wide pulse pressure
EKG

37. What does prolonged QT predispose to?
3rd degree syphillus - syphillit heart disease can lead to aortic valve incompetence
Indomethacin closes - and pge keeps it open
Hematocrit
Torsades de pointes

38. What happens in phase 0 of the cardiac ventricular action potential?
Strawberry hemangioma
Ventricular repolarization
Rapid upstroke - voltage gated Na channels open
The aortic before pulmonic - inspiration increases diff

39. What constitues the upstroke in pacemaker cells?
TAPVR
Lower right - MC - upper right - AO - upper right AC - lower left MO
Volatage gated Ca channels
Left atrial pressure

40. What does the U wave indicated?
Inc venous return exaccerbates pulm vasc congestion
HypoK and bradycardia
Aortic disecction - intraluminal tear forming false lumen
Lower right - MC - upper right - AO - upper right AC - lower left MO

41. What is the gold standard for dx of MI in the first 6 hours
EKG
MI
HypoK and bradycardia
Medullary vasomotor center senses baroreceptors and JGA

42. Which murmur is heard with VSD?
Holosystoiic
Holosystolic - harsh sounding murmur - loudest over tricuspid area
Inc Kf - capillary perm
Angiosarcoma

43. Right to left shunts are more common in babies or kids?
Glossopharyngeal to soliary nucleus of medulla
Tricuspid atresia - requires ASD and VSD
RV contraction (closed tricuspid valve bulding into atrium
Babies

44. How does acidosis affect contractility?
Decreased
Henoch - Schlonlein purpura
Left heart failure
LAD - V1 - V4

45. What other syndrom is associated with infantile aortic coarctation
Turners
Crescendo - decrescendo systolic ejection murmur following ejection click
The first 4 days
LV failure - pulm venous distention transudation of fluid

46. acute - self limiting necrotizing vasculitis in children associated with fever - conjunctivitis - strawberry tongue - desquamatous skin rash - lymphadenitis - coronary sinus aneurysms. Seen in asians
Late diastolic murmur following an opening snap
Kawasaki
Purkingee>atria>ventricles>AV node
Troponin I

47. What is the characteristic pulse in aortic stenosis?
Aortic and pulmonary closing
S. bovis
Coarcation of aorta
Pulsus parvus and tardus - weak - can lead to syncope

48. Where does coronary artery occlusion occur most commonly?
LAD
Metastasis from melanoma or lymphoma
HypoK and bradycardia
Mitral valve prolapse

49. delta wave on ECG - accesory conduction pathway from atria to ventricles - reentry leading to supraventricular tachycardia
ASD - VSD - AV septal defect (endocardial cushion defect)
Wolff - Parkinson white syndrome
Stroke volume affected by contractility - afterload - and preload
Fetal right to left - neonate left to right leading to RVH and failure

50. Exercise - overtransfusiion and excitiment causes and increase in...?
Tetralogy of fallot - transposition of great vessels - truncus arteriosus - tricuspid atresia - TAPVR
Preload
Transposition of great vessels
...