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CCNA

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Explain OSPF

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2. Formula for determining Subnets
1Gb/s
Test Firsts/ Routes Second
2^n
The Root bridge is the bridge with the lowest bridge ID

3. What are non designated routers called?
DROTHER
Because a loopback interface is always active and cannot be in a down state like a real interface can.
A group of end stations with a common set of requirements - independent of their physical location
Every 30 Seconds

4. Advance Distance Vector or Hybrid uses what?
1.) Enter the Routing Manually 2.) Use Dymamic Routing
30-50 seconds
Link-State
A combination of Link-state and distance vector

5. Admin distance of RIPv2
Connects the different areas
120
Designated Router (DR) and a Back-up designated Router (BDR)
Aka Subnet mask

6. What algorithm does EIGRP use?
Every 30 minutes by default
Domain
The Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL)
120

7. How often does a router send link-state advertisements?
Between areas?
Every 30 minutes by default
1
Null

8. What are the two ways routers can learn about the destination information?
Checks the source address and then permits or denies the entire protocol suite
The update only includes info about the route change
1.) Enter the Routing Manually 2.) Use Dymamic Routing
Updates all DROTHER Routers when a change occurs

9. Can you delete individual entries in a specific ACL?
Only with Cisco IOS software release 12.3 (2) T
RIPv2 and EIGRP
Is the time in seconds that a router waits to hear from a neighbor before declaring the router out of service.
Scalable and fast convergence

10. Describe features of RIPv2
Every 30 Seconds
Classless - VLSM capable - Subnet mask sent in routing update - Multicast addressing - Supports route summarization - and authentication
10Mb/s
Inter-VLAN routing

11. In regards to ACL's What are the three protocols?
Area Border Router
Is the time in seconds that a router waits to hear from a neighbor before declaring the router out of service.
One ACL per protocol - One ACL per direction - Once ACL per interface
Multicast

12. What is the Wildcard mask
The inverse of a subnet mask.
224.0.0.10
MD5 and you have to enable it if you want to use it.
Plaintext and MD5

13. Why is this done?
A protocol on how to communicate with other routers
Is a classless link-state protocol - creates a neighbor relationship by exchanging hello packets - propagates LSA's rather than routing table updates.
If int status is UP/UP..Check to make sure OSPF is enabled on the interface
To reduce OSPF traffic

14. Can a Router exchange routing information if they are using different Routing Protocols?
Cisco - ANSI - Q.933A
No
0
Cannot create - modify or delete VLAN's - sends and forwards advertisements - synchronizes VLAn configurations.

15. Every ACL will need what?
Multiple virtual interfaces that are associated with one physical interface
IETF
Telnet connectivity - authentication and extended ACLs
A permit statement

16. What address is FE80:/10
224.0.0.5
1Gb/s
Unspecified
Private: link local

17. Routing protocol is what?
RIPv2 and EIGRP
R= Rip protocol; You can reach network 192.168.1.0 in two hops. The 120 is the admin distance and the 2 is the metric (hop). and it can be reached via the 10.1.1.2 network.
Reduce the link-state database and routing table
A protocol on how to communicate with other routers

18. What type of algorithm does OSPF & IS-IS use?
TRUE
Link-State
4 times the hello interval
Convergence

19. In regards to troubleshooting OSPF what should you check?
A backbone area...Also known as Area 0
Propagation of partial updates that are sent only to those routers that the changes affect.
If int status is UP/UP..Check to make sure OSPF is enabled on the interface
Each router builds a map of the network and determines the shortest path to every network.

20. The no auto-summary command does what?
4 times the hello interval
Forces protocols to behave as if they were classless
Incoming packets are routed to the outbound interface - and then they are processed through the outbound ACL
Creates - Modifies - and deletes local VLAN's only - Forwards advertisements - Does not synchronize VLAN configs

21. Admin distance of OSPF?
A single interface may be assigned multiple IPv6 addresses - and every IPv6 interface contains at least one loopback address.
110
Creates - Modifies - and deletes VLAN's - Sends and forwards advertisements - Synchronizes VLAN configuration
100Mb/s

22. Nonbackbone - internal routers are aware of what topology
Only topology within their respective area.
Checks the source address and then permits or denies the entire protocol suite
0
Ever 2 seconds

23. Purpose of a Routing Protocol?
It is a means for statistically multiplexing many logical data conversations also known as virtual circuits on a single physical transmission link.
Creates - Modifies - and deletes local VLAN's only - Forwards advertisements - Does not synchronize VLAN configs
Discovery of Remote Networks - Maintaining Up to date information - Choosing the best path available
16

24. An autonomous system could also be referred to as what?
Creates - Modifies - and deletes local VLAN's only - Forwards advertisements - Does not synchronize VLAN configs
Null
Domain
Checks the source address and then permits or denies the entire protocol suite

25. How do you configure OSPF
Private: link local
Designated Router (DR) and a Back-up designated Router (BDR)
Determines the cost which is the bandwidth
Rouer OSPF 100 - then network xx.xx.xx.xx. area 0

26. For a VLAN to span across multiple switches What is required?
Null
Every 30 Seconds
A trunk
Place the extended ACL's as close to the source as possible and the standard ACL's as close to the destination as possible.

27. Describe features of RIPv1
Classful - No VLSM - Broadcast addressing - No route summarization - or Authentication
Place the extended ACL's as close to the source as possible and the standard ACL's as close to the destination as possible.
0
Is the time in seconds that a router waits to hear from a neighbor before declaring the router out of service.

28. What does EIGRP use to calculate it's metric?
Link-State
Bandwidth & Delay
Creates - Modifies - and deletes local VLAN's only - Forwards advertisements - Does not synchronize VLAN configs
If int status is UP/UP..Check to make sure OSPF is enabled on the interface

29. How do you configure a sub interface?
Convergence
View
IETF
Make sure trunking is established. Ensure that dot1q encapsulation is set - and then for each subinterface do this encapsulation dot1Q 2 where 2 is the VLAN associated with that interface

30. How does a Standard ACL work?
Checks the source address and then permits or denies the entire protocol suite
Is the time in seconds that a router waits to hear from a neighbor before declaring the router out of service.
Discovery of Remote Networks - Maintaining Up to date information - Choosing the best path available
All backup routes for destinations.

31. How often does EIGRP send hellow packets?
Every 5 seconds
...
A layer 3 switch or router
4

32. What type of algorithm does EIGRP use?
4
Anycast
Only with Cisco IOS software release 12.3 (2) T
Advance Distance Vector

33. What type of authentication does EIGRP use?
By insereting 0xFFFE between the upper three bytes and the lower three bytes of the MAC address
Area-ID - hello/dead intervals - authentication - and stub area flag and same IP subnet.
2^n
MD5 and you have to enable it if you want to use it.

34. How often are periodic updates sent out via RIP
Link-State
A layer 3 switch or router
20 seconds: 10 missed BPDU's
Every 30 Seconds

35. VTP Server Mode does what?

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36. What are two statements that are true of IPv6 address representation?
A single interface may be assigned multiple IPv6 addresses - and every IPv6 interface contains at least one loopback address.
Private: link local
Rouer OSPF 100 - then network xx.xx.xx.xx. area 0
Multiple virtual interfaces that are associated with one physical interface

37. Why is it important to have a loopback address when using OSPF?
Individual or group IP's
Because a loopback interface is always active and cannot be in a down state like a real interface can.
It is a means for statistically multiplexing many logical data conversations also known as virtual circuits on a single physical transmission link.
Is a classless link-state protocol - creates a neighbor relationship by exchanging hello packets - propagates LSA's rather than routing table updates.

38. What is the default load balancing for RIP
Bandwidth & Delay
Advertised Distance & Feasible distance
A trunk
4

39. The AS number must what?
Layers 1 & 2
Checks the source and destination address then permits or denies specific protocols
Unspecified
Match on all routers or it will not work

40. How is the root bridge determined?
Convergence
The Root bridge is the bridge with the lowest bridge ID
Advance Distance Vector
Six equal cost paths

41. What is an ABR
Every 10 seconds
Area Border Router
A combination of Link-state and distance vector
0

42. Break down the word Link-State

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43. By default OSPF uses what type of authentication?
Null
4 times the hello interval
Maximizing address efficiency - organization - summarization
Data Link Connection Identifier

44. What is ::
Select the routing protocol - then specify the network.
Unspecified
0
Forces protocols to behave as if they were classless

45. Problem with static routes
Not scalable - hard to maintain as the network grows
The information regarding that link. This can include the router's IP address - the type of network - the cost of the link - and if there are any neighboring routers on that link.
Classless - VLSM capable - Subnet mask sent in routing update - Multicast addressing - Supports route summarization - and authentication
Dijkstra's Algorithm

46. Admin distance of a connected Network?
A trunk
0
A protocol on how to communicate with other routers
Area Border Router

47. Summarization of network information usually occurs where?
A trunk
Different Autonomous Systems
110
Between areas?

48. Explain how routing loops occur with RIP?
Because a loopback interface is always active and cannot be in a down state like a real interface can.
Make sure trunking is established. Ensure that dot1q encapsulation is set - and then for each subinterface do this encapsulation dot1Q 2 where 2 is the VLAN associated with that interface
R= Rip protocol; You can reach network 192.168.1.0 in two hops. The 120 is the admin distance and the 2 is the metric (hop). and it can be reached via the 10.1.1.2 network.
...

49. Static VLAN is what?
Port based
A backbone area...Also known as Area 0
TRUE
4 times the hello interval

50. For an adjacency to occur what do the routers have to agree on?
Area-ID - hello/dead intervals - authentication - and stub area flag and same IP subnet.
Supports both unequal metric load balancing and equal metric balancing.
Discovery of Remote Networks - Maintaining Up to date information - Choosing the best path available
Port based

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