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CCNA

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Summarization of network information usually occurs where?
1.) Enter the Routing Manually 2.) Use Dymamic Routing
The update only includes info about the route change
Between areas?
Individual or group IP's

2. Can you delete individual entries in a specific ACL?
...
Between areas?
16
Only with Cisco IOS software release 12.3 (2) T

3. Routing protocol is what?
A backbone area...Also known as Area 0
...
A protocol on how to communicate with other routers
Multicast

4. What type of algorithm does RIP use?
EIGRP - OSPF - RIP
Advance Distance Vector
Aka Subnet mask
Distance Vector

5. Rip is capable of load balancing over as many as?
Six equal cost paths
Loopback
A link is an interface on a router
Only topology within their respective area.

6. What is the Shortest Path First algorithm also called?

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7. How often are OSPF hello packets sent out?
Every 10 seconds
Advertised Distance & Feasible distance
DROTHER
Advance Distance Vector

8. The AS number must what?
IP
Match on all routers or it will not work
Maximizing address efficiency - organization - summarization
Six equal cost paths

9. Exterior Gateway Protocols are designed for use between
Every 5 seconds
The update only includes info about the route change
Different Autonomous Systems
Not scalable - hard to maintain as the network grows

10. Dynamic ACL's are dependent on what?
Cannot create - modify or delete VLAN's - sends and forwards advertisements - synchronizes VLAn configurations.
10Mb/s
Determines the cost which is the bandwidth
Telnet connectivity - authentication and extended ACLs

11. An autonomous system could also be referred to as what?
Place the extended ACL's as close to the source as possible and the standard ACL's as close to the destination as possible.
The inverse of a subnet mask.
Link-State
Domain

12. For an adjacency to occur what do the routers have to agree on?
Link is the router interface and State is the description of an interface and it's relationship to neighboring routers
Area-ID - hello/dead intervals - authentication - and stub area flag and same IP subnet.
Aka Subnet mask
Private: link local

13. How do you configure OSPF
Area Border Router
Ever 2 seconds
The Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL)
Rouer OSPF 100 - then network xx.xx.xx.xx. area 0

14. Who designed OSPF?
90
IETF
A combination of Link-state and distance vector
It is the signaling standard that maintains connection and statues between the DCE and DTE

15. How do you configure a sub interface?
View
The lower MAC address
Make sure trunking is established. Ensure that dot1q encapsulation is set - and then for each subinterface do this encapsulation dot1Q 2 where 2 is the VLAN associated with that interface
One ACL per protocol - One ACL per direction - Once ACL per interface

16. What are the two ways routers can learn about the destination information?
By insereting 0xFFFE between the upper three bytes and the lower three bytes of the MAC address
1.) Enter the Routing Manually 2.) Use Dymamic Routing
Plaintext and MD5
Susceptible to routing loops

17. Static VLAN is what?
A backbone area...Also known as Area 0
Match on all routers or it will not work
Port based
224.0.0.10

18. What are subinterfaces?
0
Multiple virtual interfaces that are associated with one physical interface
By insereting 0xFFFE between the upper three bytes and the lower three bytes of the MAC address
32768

19. What is the default for equal cost paths for load balancing with OSPF?
Advance Distance Vector
4
1Gb/s
Six equal cost paths

20. What do area's do?
Cisco - ANSI - Q.933A
Reduce the link-state database and routing table
Link-State
2^n-2

21. Admin distance of a connected Network?
Multiple virtual interfaces that are associated with one physical interface
1Gb/s
TRUE
0

22. Describe features of RIPv1
A group of end stations with a common set of requirements - independent of their physical location
Creates - Modifies - and deletes VLAN's - Sends and forwards advertisements - Synchronizes VLAN configuration
Classful - No VLSM - Broadcast addressing - No route summarization - or Authentication
A trunk

23. What type of algorithm does OSPF & IS-IS use?
Link-State
DROTHER
Area Border Router
Layers 1 & 2

24. How do you apply the ACL to an interface
Maximizing address efficiency - organization - summarization
Telnet connectivity - authentication and extended ACLs
IP
Make sure you are in interface mode - then use this command ip access-group 1 out/in

25. Explain OSPF

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26. Describe an Outbound ACL
Designated Router (DR) and a Back-up designated Router (BDR)
Distance Vector
RIPv2 and EIGRP
Incoming packets are routed to the outbound interface - and then they are processed through the outbound ACL

27. What is the spilt horizon rule?
Designated Router (DR) and a Back-up designated Router (BDR)
0
Disable auto summarization
It is never useful to send information about a route back in the direction from which the original info came.

28. Purpose of a Routing Protocol?
Link-State
Discovery of Remote Networks - Maintaining Up to date information - Choosing the best path available
By insereting 0xFFFE between the upper three bytes and the lower three bytes of the MAC address
Every 10 seconds

29. What does partial refer to?
The update only includes info about the route change
Null
Forces protocols to behave as if they were classless
Creates - Modifies - and deletes VLAN's - Sends and forwards advertisements - Synchronizes VLAN configuration

30. What is one to many?
Port based
Susceptible to routing loops
224.0.0.10
Multicast

31. What are two statements that are true of IPv6 address representation?
A single interface may be assigned multiple IPv6 addresses - and every IPv6 interface contains at least one loopback address.
20 seconds: 10 missed BPDU's
Link-State
1Gb/s

32. By default OSPF uses what type of authentication?
Null
Individual or group IP's
Cisco - ANSI - Q.933A
Ever 2 seconds

33. Classful Protocols summarize
Area-ID - hello/dead intervals - authentication - and stub area flag and same IP subnet.
2^n-2
Automatically
DROTHER

34. What type of authentication does EIGRP use?
Scalable and fast convergence
It is never useful to send information about a route back in the direction from which the original info came.
MD5 and you have to enable it if you want to use it.
Packets are processed before they are routed to an outbound interface.

35. Why is this done?
224.0.0.10
To reduce OSPF traffic
Packets are processed before they are routed to an outbound interface.
TRUE

36. Break down the word Link-State

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37. How does the SPF determine the shortest path?
Classful - No VLSM - Broadcast addressing - No route summarization - or Authentication
Determines the cost which is the bandwidth
TRUE
110

38. What does DLCI stand for?
Multicast
Susceptible to routing loops
Data Link Connection Identifier
15.....16 hops and the interface is down

39. What is one to nearest
Every 30 Seconds
A single interface may be assigned multiple IPv6 addresses - and every IPv6 interface contains at least one loopback address.
Anycast
Make sure you are in interface mode - then use this command ip access-group 1 out/in

40. What address is FE80:/10
Area Border Router
32768
Reduce the link-state database and routing table
Private: link local

41. What do you need to do if there are discontigous networks with EIGRP?
MD5 and you have to enable it if you want to use it.
Disable auto summarization
2^n
0

42. Explain how routing loops occur with RIP?
Determines the cost which is the bandwidth
1Gb/s
Is the time in seconds that a router waits to hear from a neighbor before declaring the router out of service.
...

43. What does this mean? R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/2] via 10.1.1.2
R= Rip protocol; You can reach network 192.168.1.0 in two hops. The 120 is the admin distance and the 2 is the metric (hop). and it can be reached via the 10.1.1.2 network.
A group of end stations with a common set of requirements - independent of their physical location
4
Because a loopback interface is always active and cannot be in a down state like a real interface can.

44. What does the DR do?
Updates all DROTHER Routers when a change occurs
2^n-2
Reduce the link-state database and routing table
The lower MAC address

45. In bridge root selection - if the bridge prioritys are the same - what determines root selection?
The lower MAC address
Classful - No VLSM - Broadcast addressing - No route summarization - or Authentication
If int status is UP/UP..Check to make sure OSPF is enabled on the interface
Unspecified

46. What two things need to be done to enable dynamic routing?
Only topology within their respective area.
To select the best path to the destination
Select the routing protocol - then specify the network.
Between areas?

47. What is OSPF multicast address?
224.0.0.5
Plaintext and MD5
2^n
Creates - Modifies - and deletes VLAN's - Sends and forwards advertisements - Synchronizes VLAN configuration

48. Formula for determining hosts
Area Border Router
Packet Header
2^n-2
If int status is UP/UP..Check to make sure OSPF is enabled on the interface

49. How long is the dead interval
Select the routing protocol - then specify the network.
4 times the hello interval
Adjacency
By DLCI's

50. Admin distance of RIPv2
MD5 and you have to enable it if you want to use it.
Updates all DROTHER Routers when a change occurs
Every 10 seconds
120

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