CCNA

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Break down the word Link-State

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2. Rip is capable of load balancing over as many as?
Six equal cost paths
The Root bridge is the bridge with the lowest bridge ID
Port based
It combines the advantages of Link-State and Distance vector routing protocols.


3. What are non designated routers called?
DROTHER
Make sure trunking is established. Ensure that dot1q encapsulation is set - and then for each subinterface do this encapsulation dot1Q 2 where 2 is the VLAN associated with that interface
Forces protocols to behave as if they were classless
Make sure you are in interface mode - then use this command ip access-group 1 out/in


4. Why is it important to have a loopback address when using OSPF?
Incoming packets are routed to the outbound interface - and then they are processed through the outbound ACL
View
Because a loopback interface is always active and cannot be in a down state like a real interface can.
Carry's traffic for multiple VLANS


5. What is one to many?
Layers 1 & 2
Multicast
Every 5 seconds
RIPv2 & EIGRP


6. With OSPF - each router builds its SPF tree using the same link-state information - but each will have a separate ________ of the topology
MAC based
MD5 and you have to enable it if you want to use it.
View
Bandwidth & Delay


7. How does EIGRP work with regards to Load Balancing
A group of end stations with a common set of requirements - independent of their physical location
Unicast - Multicast - Anycast
A layer 3 switch or router
Supports both unequal metric load balancing and equal metric balancing.


8. Explain how routing loops occur with RIP?
100Mb/s
Designated Router (DR) and a Back-up designated Router (BDR)
It combines the advantages of Link-State and Distance vector routing protocols.
...


9. Problem with static routes
Select the routing protocol - then specify the network.
Discovery of Remote Networks - Maintaining Up to date information - Choosing the best path available
Loopback
Not scalable - hard to maintain as the network grows


10. How is an EUI-64 format interface ID created from a 48-Bit MAC address
Every 10 seconds
By insereting 0xFFFE between the upper three bytes and the lower three bytes of the MAC address
Loopback
30-50 seconds


11. What is OSPF multicast address?
It is a means for statistically multiplexing many logical data conversations also known as virtual circuits on a single physical transmission link.
Packets are processed before they are routed to an outbound interface.
224.0.0.5
2^n-2


12. Why is EIGRP considered a Hybrid routing protocol?
It combines the advantages of Link-State and Distance vector routing protocols.
A protocol on how to communicate with other routers
2^n-2
4


13. What is prefix length?
No
Select the routing protocol - then specify the network.
Multicast
Aka Subnet mask


14. What three types of IPv6 address types are there?
Designated Router (DR) and a Back-up designated Router (BDR)
Forces protocols to behave as if they were classless
Unicast - Multicast - Anycast
To select the best path to the destination


15. VTP Server Mode does what?

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16. What is passing VLAN traffic to another called?
Carry's traffic for multiple VLANS
Inter-VLAN routing
Between areas?
Bandwidth & Delay


17. VTP Client Mode does what?

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18. Purpose of a Routing Protocol?
0
Rouer OSPF 100 - then network xx.xx.xx.xx. area 0
Discovery of Remote Networks - Maintaining Up to date information - Choosing the best path available
120


19. What does the back bone router do?
MD5 and you have to enable it if you want to use it.
Null
View
Connects the different areas


20. The AS number must what?
Area-ID - hello/dead intervals - authentication - and stub area flag and same IP subnet.
Match on all routers or it will not work
Checks the source address and then permits or denies the entire protocol suite
Because a loopback interface is always active and cannot be in a down state like a real interface can.


21. Describe features of RIPv1
Ever 2 seconds
Classful - No VLSM - Broadcast addressing - No route summarization - or Authentication
16
DROTHER


22. Problem with RIP
Link-State
Individual or group IP's
Susceptible to routing loops
16


23. The advantages of VLSM
Select the routing protocol - then specify the network.
MAC based
Maximizing address efficiency - organization - summarization
Checks the source and destination address then permits or denies specific protocols


24. How often does EIGRP send hellow packets?
120
Every 5 seconds
Associating the network address with a local DLCI.
TRUE


25. How often are LMI's sent out?
Plaintext and MD5
Packet Header
Every 10 Seconds
4


26. What two things need to be done to enable dynamic routing?
Multicast
Select the routing protocol - then specify the network.
Convergence
Ever 2 seconds


27. How does a Standard ACL work?
Private: link local
Forces protocols to behave as if they were classless
Plaintext and MD5
Checks the source address and then permits or denies the entire protocol suite


28. What are two OSPF authentication methods?
Bandwidth & Delay
Six equal cost paths
Routes First/ Tests second
Plaintext and MD5


29. With ACL's where does the router extract information
A link is an interface on a router
Packet Header
Classless - VLSM capable - Subnet mask sent in routing update - Multicast addressing - Supports route summarization - and authentication
By DLCI's


30. What does bounded refer to?
Match on all routers or it will not work
Null
Propagation of partial updates that are sent only to those routers that the changes affect.
Data Link Connection Identifier


31. What is ::
Unspecified
Anycast
Disable auto summarization
4


32. Routers are used for what?
By DLCI's
R= Rip protocol; You can reach network 192.168.1.0 in two hops. The 120 is the admin distance and the 2 is the metric (hop). and it can be reached via the 10.1.1.2 network.
To select the best path to the destination
Null


33. Spanning-Tree coast of 4
Packet Header
1Gb/s
Autonomous System
IP


34. Formula for determining hosts
100Mb/s
A layer 3 switch or router
2^n-2
16


35. Benefits of OSPF?
Every 30 minutes by default
Scalable and fast convergence
A combination of Link-state and distance vector
Supports both unequal metric load balancing and equal metric balancing.


36. What address is FE80:/10
Private: link local
Automatically
Area Border Router
It is never useful to send information about a route back in the direction from which the original info came.


37. Spanning-Tree cost of 19
OSPF Neighbor adjacencies - OSPF routing table - and OSPF authentication
100Mb/s
Loopback
Distance Vector


38. How is the root bridge determined?
The Root bridge is the bridge with the lowest bridge ID
The update only includes info about the route change
Area Border Router
1


39. What algorithm does EIGRP use?
Loopback
The Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL)
One ACL per protocol - One ACL per direction - Once ACL per interface
Maximizing address efficiency - organization - summarization


40. What is a VLAN
By insereting 0xFFFE between the upper three bytes and the lower three bytes of the MAC address
IETF
Autonomous System
A group of end stations with a common set of requirements - independent of their physical location


41. VTP Transparent Mode does what?

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42. An OSPF neighbor relationship can also be called what?
The Root bridge is the bridge with the lowest bridge ID
It combines the advantages of Link-State and Distance vector routing protocols.
The update only includes info about the route change
Adjacency


43. By default - EIGRP will perform automatic summarization on classful boundaries. True or False
1.) Enter the Routing Manually 2.) Use Dymamic Routing
16
TRUE
A permit statement


44. Admin distance of OSPF?
Make sure you are in interface mode - then use this command ip access-group 1 out/in
110
DROTHER
Cisco - ANSI - Q.933A


45. What is the Wildcard mask
A combination of Link-state and distance vector
The inverse of a subnet mask.
Autonomous System
Anycast


46. What is an Autonomous System?
A layer 3 switch or router
224.0.0.10
...
The update only includes info about the route change


47. For an adjacency to occur what do the routers have to agree on?
Incoming packets are routed to the outbound interface - and then they are processed through the outbound ACL
Area-ID - hello/dead intervals - authentication - and stub area flag and same IP subnet.
0
Aka Subnet mask


48. Admin distance of RIPv2
A single interface may be assigned multiple IPv6 addresses - and every IPv6 interface contains at least one loopback address.
120
Aka Subnet mask
20 seconds: 10 missed BPDU's


49. In Link state terminology - What is a link?

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50. What Layer does Frame Relay operate at?
Layers 1 & 2
Classless - VLSM capable - Subnet mask sent in routing update - Multicast addressing - Supports route summarization - and authentication
Cisco - ANSI - Q.933A
Associating the network address with a local DLCI.