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CCNA

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Describe a Inbound ACL
Rouer OSPF 100 - then network xx.xx.xx.xx. area 0
For line vty 0 4
Packets are processed before they are routed to an outbound interface.
A backbone area...Also known as Area 0

2. What two classless protocols act classful by default?
Aka Subnet mask
Different Autonomous Systems
Advertised Distance & Feasible distance
RIPv2 & EIGRP

3. Every ACL will need what?
A permit statement
Area Border Router
Make sure you are in interface mode - then use this command ip access-group 1 out/in
Six equal cost paths

4. Admin distance of OSPF?
110
15.....16 hops and the interface is down
Creates - Modifies - and deletes local VLAN's only - Forwards advertisements - Does not synchronize VLAN configs
Maximizing address efficiency - organization - summarization

5. Routers are used for what?
To select the best path to the destination
Associating the network address with a local DLCI.
View
Each router builds a map of the network and determines the shortest path to every network.

6. What does the DR do?
The information regarding that link. This can include the router's IP address - the type of network - the cost of the link - and if there are any neighboring routers on that link.
Distance Vector
Updates all DROTHER Routers when a change occurs
A backbone area...Also known as Area 0

7. OSPF will elect a what?
All backup routes for destinations.
Creates - Modifies - and deletes local VLAN's only - Forwards advertisements - Does not synchronize VLAN configs
Designated Router (DR) and a Back-up designated Router (BDR)
4

8. For a VLAN to span across multiple switches What is required?
A trunk
Match on all routers or it will not work
Inter-VLAN routing
Unspecified

9. What is the purpose of LMI
Null
For line vty 0 4
RIPv2 and EIGRP
It is the signaling standard that maintains connection and statues between the DCE and DTE

10. What are the two ways routers can learn about the destination information?
10Mb/s
1.) Enter the Routing Manually 2.) Use Dymamic Routing
Between areas?
Maximizing address efficiency - organization - summarization

11. How does EIGRP work with regards to Load Balancing
MD5 and you have to enable it if you want to use it.
Supports both unequal metric load balancing and equal metric balancing.
Every 30 minutes by default
The lower MAC address

12. How often does EIGRP send hellow packets?
R= Rip protocol; You can reach network 192.168.1.0 in two hops. The 120 is the admin distance and the 2 is the metric (hop). and it can be reached via the 10.1.1.2 network.
Every 5 seconds
If int status is UP/UP..Check to make sure OSPF is enabled on the interface
Private: link local

13. What is the default for equal cost paths for load balancing with OSPF?
Creates - Modifies - and deletes local VLAN's only - Forwards advertisements - Does not synchronize VLAN configs
4
Bandwidth & Delay
Routes First/ Tests second

14. How does a Standard ACL work?
Checks the source address and then permits or denies the entire protocol suite
224.0.0.10
Cisco - ANSI - Q.933A
100Mb/s

15. With OSPF - there must always be a area......
A protocol on how to communicate with other routers
Cisco - ANSI - Q.933A
By insereting 0xFFFE between the upper three bytes and the lower three bytes of the MAC address
0

16. What are the three LMI standards
Determines the cost which is the bandwidth
4 times the hello interval
Connects the different areas
Cisco - ANSI - Q.933A

17. What is the Shortest Path First algorithm also called?

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18. Explain how routing loops occur with RIP?
90
...
1Gb/s
RIPv2 & EIGRP

19. What does this mean? R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/2] via 10.1.1.2
Domain
R= Rip protocol; You can reach network 192.168.1.0 in two hops. The 120 is the admin distance and the 2 is the metric (hop). and it can be reached via the 10.1.1.2 network.
Test Firsts/ Routes Second
Cannot create - modify or delete VLAN's - sends and forwards advertisements - synchronizes VLAn configurations.

20. The advantages of VLSM
Maximizing address efficiency - organization - summarization
It is never useful to send information about a route back in the direction from which the original info came.
The Root bridge is the bridge with the lowest bridge ID
Forces protocols to behave as if they were classless

21. What is one to nearest
1Gb/s
Is a classless link-state protocol - creates a neighbor relationship by exchanging hello packets - propagates LSA's rather than routing table updates.
Cisco - ANSI - Q.933A
Anycast

22. How do you apply the ACL to an interface
The information regarding that link. This can include the router's IP address - the type of network - the cost of the link - and if there are any neighboring routers on that link.
Susceptible to routing loops
Make sure you are in interface mode - then use this command ip access-group 1 out/in
Forces protocols to behave as if they were classless

23. Max_age time for BPDU's

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24. How does an Extended ACL work?
32768
Associating the network address with a local DLCI.
Different Autonomous Systems
Checks the source and destination address then permits or denies specific protocols

25. How does an outbound ACL work?
Routes First/ Tests second
The update only includes info about the route change
Every 10 seconds
If int status is UP/UP..Check to make sure OSPF is enabled on the interface

26. An OSPF neighbor relationship can also be called what?
Every 5 seconds
Dijkstra's Algorithm
Adjacency
30-50 seconds

27. Classful Protocols summarize
OSPF Neighbor adjacencies - OSPF routing table - and OSPF authentication
15.....16 hops and the interface is down
Between areas?
Automatically

28. What is an ABR
16
2^n-2
Bandwidth & Delay
Area Border Router

29. In bridge root selection - if the bridge prioritys are the same - what determines root selection?
Test Firsts/ Routes Second
Susceptible to routing loops
Six equal cost paths
The lower MAC address

30. An autonomous system could also be referred to as what?
Domain
Designated Router (DR) and a Back-up designated Router (BDR)
100Mb/s
Scalable and fast convergence

31. What type of algorithm does RIP use?
Distance Vector
By DLCI's
Between areas?
Port based

32. Describe features of RIPv2
Classless - VLSM capable - Subnet mask sent in routing update - Multicast addressing - Supports route summarization - and authentication
A layer 3 switch or router
120
Propagation of partial updates that are sent only to those routers that the changes affect.

33. With ACL's where does the router extract information
To select the best path to the destination
Select the routing protocol - then specify the network.
The update only includes info about the route change
Packet Header

34. Problem with static routes
For line vty 0 4
Unspecified
Not scalable - hard to maintain as the network grows
It is a means for statistically multiplexing many logical data conversations also known as virtual circuits on a single physical transmission link.

35. Exterior Gateway Protocols are designed for use between
Different Autonomous Systems
To reduce OSPF traffic
Classful - No VLSM - Broadcast addressing - No route summarization - or Authentication
It combines the advantages of Link-State and Distance vector routing protocols.

36. Dynamic VLAN is what?
MAC based
Autonomous System
The inverse of a subnet mask.
It is the signaling standard that maintains connection and statues between the DCE and DTE

37. What is the default load balancing for RIP
4
A link is an interface on a router
A trunk
Every 10 Seconds

38. Why is this done?
To reduce OSPF traffic
4 times the hello interval
IETF
A combination of Link-state and distance vector

39. What is OSPF multicast address?
A trunk
Test Firsts/ Routes Second
A permit statement
224.0.0.5

40. Why is it important to have a loopback address when using OSPF?
Creates - Modifies - and deletes local VLAN's only - Forwards advertisements - Does not synchronize VLAN configs
Because a loopback interface is always active and cannot be in a down state like a real interface can.
120
The update only includes info about the route change

41. Formula for determining Subnets
A trunk
2^n
RIPv2 & EIGRP
4

42. What does DLCI stand for?
1
OSPF Neighbor adjacencies - OSPF routing table - and OSPF authentication
Data Link Connection Identifier
...

43. What is an Autonomous System?
...
Dijkstra's Algorithm
A backbone area...Also known as Area 0
It is the signaling standard that maintains connection and statues between the DCE and DTE

44. Describe an Outbound ACL
A protocol on how to communicate with other routers
Multicast
Incoming packets are routed to the outbound interface - and then they are processed through the outbound ACL
Disable auto summarization

45. What is a VLAN
DROTHER
All backup routes for destinations.
Inter-VLAN routing
A group of end stations with a common set of requirements - independent of their physical location

46. Problem with RIP
To select the best path to the destination
It is never useful to send information about a route back in the direction from which the original info came.
Telnet connectivity - authentication and extended ACLs
Susceptible to routing loops

47. How do you configure a sub interface?
Is a classless link-state protocol - creates a neighbor relationship by exchanging hello packets - propagates LSA's rather than routing table updates.
Make sure trunking is established. Ensure that dot1q encapsulation is set - and then for each subinterface do this encapsulation dot1Q 2 where 2 is the VLAN associated with that interface
Test Firsts/ Routes Second
A layer 3 switch or router

48. What type of algorithm does OSPF & IS-IS use?
Not scalable - hard to maintain as the network grows
Link-State
A layer 3 switch or router
View

49. Advance Distance Vector or Hybrid uses what?
For line vty 0 4
Autonomous System
A combination of Link-state and distance vector
Supports both unequal metric load balancing and equal metric balancing.

50. What is needed to pass traffic from one VLAN to another?
Every 10 Seconds
4 times the hello interval
Area-ID - hello/dead intervals - authentication - and stub area flag and same IP subnet.
A layer 3 switch or router

Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?

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