CCNA

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Who designed OSPF?
IETF
The update only includes info about the route change
Distance Vector
Individual or group IP's


2. How does inbound ACL work?
Test Firsts/ Routes Second
By insereting 0xFFFE between the upper three bytes and the lower three bytes of the MAC address
Make sure trunking is established. Ensure that dot1q encapsulation is set - and then for each subinterface do this encapsulation dot1Q 2 where 2 is the VLAN associated with that interface
Null


3. Can you delete individual entries in a specific ACL?
IETF
Creates - Modifies - and deletes VLAN's - Sends and forwards advertisements - Synchronizes VLAN configuration
Aka Subnet mask
Only with Cisco IOS software release 12.3 (2) T


4. What address is FE80:/10
Anycast
1Gb/s
Private: link local
A single interface may be assigned multiple IPv6 addresses - and every IPv6 interface contains at least one loopback address.


5. What are the three LMI standards
Autonomous System
1Gb/s
Cisco - ANSI - Q.933A
MD5 and you have to enable it if you want to use it.


6. What does partial refer to?
Six equal cost paths
The update only includes info about the route change
By DLCI's
A group of end stations with a common set of requirements - independent of their physical location


7. How does an Extended ACL work?
Six equal cost paths
Classful - No VLSM - Broadcast addressing - No route summarization - or Authentication
Checks the source and destination address then permits or denies specific protocols
R= Rip protocol; You can reach network 192.168.1.0 in two hops. The 120 is the admin distance and the 2 is the metric (hop). and it can be reached via the 10.1.1.2 network.


8. What is the Shortest Path First algorithm also called?

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9. What is one to many?
Is the time in seconds that a router waits to hear from a neighbor before declaring the router out of service.
MAC based
Multicast
Cisco - ANSI - Q.933A


10. An autonomous system could also be referred to as what?
Advertised Distance & Feasible distance
Area Border Router
Domain
Because a loopback interface is always active and cannot be in a down state like a real interface can.


11. Problem with RIP
Disable auto summarization
Susceptible to routing loops
4
Rouer OSPF 100 - then network xx.xx.xx.xx. area 0


12. What is the default for equal cost paths for load balancing with OSPF?
To select the best path to the destination
Ever 2 seconds
4
The information regarding that link. This can include the router's IP address - the type of network - the cost of the link - and if there are any neighboring routers on that link.


13. Formula for determining Subnets
Is a classless link-state protocol - creates a neighbor relationship by exchanging hello packets - propagates LSA's rather than routing table updates.
Every 10 Seconds
If int status is UP/UP..Check to make sure OSPF is enabled on the interface
2^n


14. How long is the dead interval
The inverse of a subnet mask.
Multicast
4 times the hello interval
Adjacency


15. Explain how routing loops occur with RIP?
...
The information regarding that link. This can include the router's IP address - the type of network - the cost of the link - and if there are any neighboring routers on that link.
Data Link Connection Identifier
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16. What does bounded refer to?
Reduce the link-state database and routing table
Is the time in seconds that a router waits to hear from a neighbor before declaring the router out of service.
Updates all DROTHER Routers when a change occurs
Propagation of partial updates that are sent only to those routers that the changes affect.


17. Nonbackbone - internal routers are aware of what topology
Make sure you are in interface mode - then use this command ip access-group 1 out/in
Plaintext and MD5
Only topology within their respective area.
Cannot create - modify or delete VLAN's - sends and forwards advertisements - synchronizes VLAn configurations.


18. OSPF routes packets within a single?
Distance Vector
Carry's traffic for multiple VLANS
Port based
Autonomous System


19. What is the maximum number of paths EIGRP can have for the same destination in it's routing table?
15.....16 hops and the interface is down
Inter-VLAN routing
16
Packet Header


20. What Layer does Frame Relay operate at?
A protocol on how to communicate with other routers
Layers 1 & 2
MAC based
Classless - VLSM capable - Subnet mask sent in routing update - Multicast addressing - Supports route summarization - and authentication


21. VTP Client Mode does what?

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22. Break down the word Link-State

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23. What are non designated routers called?
DROTHER
Supports both unequal metric load balancing and equal metric balancing.
1
View


24. How do you apply the ACL to an interface
Make sure you are in interface mode - then use this command ip access-group 1 out/in
Advertised Distance & Feasible distance
Aka Subnet mask
The information regarding that link. This can include the router's IP address - the type of network - the cost of the link - and if there are any neighboring routers on that link.


25. What is the dead interval
MD5 and you have to enable it if you want to use it.
Is the time in seconds that a router waits to hear from a neighbor before declaring the router out of service.
Convergence
Adjacency


26. Admin distance of OSPF?
No
2^n-2
If int status is UP/UP..Check to make sure OSPF is enabled on the interface
110


27. How does Link-State work?
90
Link is the router interface and State is the description of an interface and it's relationship to neighboring routers
Packets are processed before they are routed to an outbound interface.
Each router builds a map of the network and determines the shortest path to every network.


28. What do you need to do if there are discontigous networks with EIGRP?
Convergence
Port based
The lower MAC address
Disable auto summarization


29. The AS number must what?
The Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL)
Multiple virtual interfaces that are associated with one physical interface
Match on all routers or it will not work
IP


30. Why is EIGRP considered a Hybrid routing protocol?
Incoming packets are routed to the outbound interface - and then they are processed through the outbound ACL
It combines the advantages of Link-State and Distance vector routing protocols.
Only topology within their respective area.
Cisco - ANSI - Q.933A


31. How often does EIGRP send hellow packets?
224.0.0.5
Anycast
Match on all routers or it will not work
Every 5 seconds


32. Rip is capable of load balancing over as many as?
Supports both unequal metric load balancing and equal metric balancing.
Six equal cost paths
224.0.0.5
Every 30 minutes by default


33. VTP Transparent Mode does what?

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34. What is passing VLAN traffic to another called?
Test Firsts/ Routes Second
Autonomous System
Link is the router interface and State is the description of an interface and it's relationship to neighboring routers
Inter-VLAN routing


35. Describe an Outbound ACL
IP
Incoming packets are routed to the outbound interface - and then they are processed through the outbound ACL
Forces protocols to behave as if they were classless
Layers 1 & 2


36. What are subinterfaces?
Multiple virtual interfaces that are associated with one physical interface
Is the time in seconds that a router waits to hear from a neighbor before declaring the router out of service.
Domain
2^n


37. Can a Router exchange routing information if they are using different Routing Protocols?
No
Loopback
Associating the network address with a local DLCI.
Connects the different areas


38. What is OSPF multicast address?
224.0.0.5
1.) Enter the Routing Manually 2.) Use Dymamic Routing
Carry's traffic for multiple VLANS
Different Autonomous Systems


39. Problem with static routes
A protocol on how to communicate with other routers
Six equal cost paths
Convergence
Not scalable - hard to maintain as the network grows


40. What is needed to pass traffic from one VLAN to another?
A layer 3 switch or router
Creates - Modifies - and deletes local VLAN's only - Forwards advertisements - Does not synchronize VLAN configs
The information regarding that link. This can include the router's IP address - the type of network - the cost of the link - and if there are any neighboring routers on that link.
The lower MAC address


41. Spanning-Tree cost of 19
Automatically
The lower MAC address
100Mb/s
Creates - Modifies - and deletes local VLAN's only - Forwards advertisements - Does not synchronize VLAN configs


42. The no auto-summary command does what?
Is a classless link-state protocol - creates a neighbor relationship by exchanging hello packets - propagates LSA's rather than routing table updates.
Forces protocols to behave as if they were classless
110
Supports both unequal metric load balancing and equal metric balancing.


43. How often does a router send link-state advertisements?
1
IETF
The Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL)
Every 30 minutes by default


44. How is an EUI-64 format interface ID created from a 48-Bit MAC address
Distance Vector
30-50 seconds
Null
By insereting 0xFFFE between the upper three bytes and the lower three bytes of the MAC address


45. When do you use Access-Class
A single interface may be assigned multiple IPv6 addresses - and every IPv6 interface contains at least one loopback address.
For line vty 0 4
RIPv2 & EIGRP
Determines the cost which is the bandwidth


46. How are Frame Relay Circuits identified?

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47. How does an outbound ACL work?
Routes First/ Tests second
Scalable and fast convergence
R= Rip protocol; You can reach network 192.168.1.0 in two hops. The 120 is the admin distance and the 2 is the metric (hop). and it can be reached via the 10.1.1.2 network.
Discovery of Remote Networks - Maintaining Up to date information - Choosing the best path available


48. For a VLAN to span across multiple switches What is required?
1
MAC based
A trunk
Supports both unequal metric load balancing and equal metric balancing.


49. Example of a Routing Protocol?
Make sure trunking is established. Ensure that dot1q encapsulation is set - and then for each subinterface do this encapsulation dot1Q 2 where 2 is the VLAN associated with that interface
Distance Vector
EIGRP - OSPF - RIP
Unspecified


50. Formula for determining hosts
Susceptible to routing loops
Area-ID - hello/dead intervals - authentication - and stub area flag and same IP subnet.
20 seconds: 10 missed BPDU's
2^n-2