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CCNA

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Explain how routing loops occur with RIP?
...
Susceptible to routing loops
Is the time in seconds that a router waits to hear from a neighbor before declaring the router out of service.
10Mb/s

2. Why is it important to have a loopback address when using OSPF?
Loopback
Because a loopback interface is always active and cannot be in a down state like a real interface can.
Cisco - ANSI - Q.933A
It combines the advantages of Link-State and Distance vector routing protocols.

3. For an adjacency to occur what do the routers have to agree on?
OSPF Neighbor adjacencies - OSPF routing table - and OSPF authentication
Null
32768
Area-ID - hello/dead intervals - authentication - and stub area flag and same IP subnet.

4. Dynamic ACL's are dependent on what?
Telnet connectivity - authentication and extended ACLs
...
Unicast - Multicast - Anycast
2^n-2

5. What does EIGRP use to calculate it's metric?
Individual or group IP's
Bandwidth & Delay
View
It is the signaling standard that maintains connection and statues between the DCE and DTE

6. Max_age time for BPDU's

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7. How often are periodic updates sent out via RIP
Associating the network address with a local DLCI.
Private: link local
1.) Enter the Routing Manually 2.) Use Dymamic Routing
Every 30 Seconds

8. How long is the dead interval
A layer 3 switch or router
To select the best path to the destination
4 times the hello interval
By DLCI's

9. With OSPF - what must be defined?
Multiple virtual interfaces that are associated with one physical interface
A backbone area...Also known as Area 0
It is a means for statistically multiplexing many logical data conversations also known as virtual circuits on a single physical transmission link.
Propagation of partial updates that are sent only to those routers that the changes affect.

10. In frame relay What is Inverse Arp
TRUE
IETF
Associating the network address with a local DLCI.
It is never useful to send information about a route back in the direction from which the original info came.

11. A router running EIGRP will store what?
Forces protocols to behave as if they were classless
Every 10 seconds
All backup routes for destinations.
To select the best path to the destination

12. Formula for determining hosts
1Gb/s
Supports both unequal metric load balancing and equal metric balancing.
Make sure you are in interface mode - then use this command ip access-group 1 out/in
2^n-2

13. How often are BPDU's sent?
IP
20 seconds: 10 missed BPDU's
IETF
Ever 2 seconds

14. Describe features of RIPv1
By insereting 0xFFFE between the upper three bytes and the lower three bytes of the MAC address
Classful - No VLSM - Broadcast addressing - No route summarization - or Authentication
Different Autonomous Systems
View

15. What is needed to pass traffic from one VLAN to another?
Designated Router (DR) and a Back-up designated Router (BDR)
EIGRP - OSPF - RIP
0
A layer 3 switch or router

16. In Link state terminology - What is a link?
DROTHER
Automatically
A link is an interface on a router
Make sure you are in interface mode - then use this command ip access-group 1 out/in

17. What two things need to be done to enable dynamic routing?
Null
Select the routing protocol - then specify the network.
Loopback
Packets are processed before they are routed to an outbound interface.

18. Exterior Gateway Protocols are designed for use between
Match on all routers or it will not work
All backup routes for destinations.
30-50 seconds
Different Autonomous Systems

19. What is an Autonomous System?
A permit statement
...
1.) Enter the Routing Manually 2.) Use Dymamic Routing
Is a classless link-state protocol - creates a neighbor relationship by exchanging hello packets - propagates LSA's rather than routing table updates.

20. Describe a Inbound ACL
Incoming packets are routed to the outbound interface - and then they are processed through the outbound ACL
Packets are processed before they are routed to an outbound interface.
Bandwidth & Delay
Multiple virtual interfaces that are associated with one physical interface

21. Admin distance of a connected Network?
Updates all DROTHER Routers when a change occurs
15.....16 hops and the interface is down
0
Match on all routers or it will not work

22. Can you delete individual entries in a specific ACL?
Designated Router (DR) and a Back-up designated Router (BDR)
Private: link local
Only with Cisco IOS software release 12.3 (2) T
0

23. How is an EUI-64 format interface ID created from a 48-Bit MAC address
By insereting 0xFFFE between the upper three bytes and the lower three bytes of the MAC address
Every 30 minutes by default
The lower MAC address
IP

24. When placing ACL's in the Network...Do what?

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25. Admin distance of EIGRP?
Discovery of Remote Networks - Maintaining Up to date information - Choosing the best path available
The Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL)
Cannot create - modify or delete VLAN's - sends and forwards advertisements - synchronizes VLAn configurations.
90

26. What does the DR do?
Updates all DROTHER Routers when a change occurs
A protocol on how to communicate with other routers
16
20 seconds: 10 missed BPDU's

27. What are the major components of OSPF troubleshooting?
OSPF Neighbor adjacencies - OSPF routing table - and OSPF authentication
1Gb/s
IETF
The update only includes info about the route change

28. How does Link-State work?
RIPv2 and EIGRP
Each router builds a map of the network and determines the shortest path to every network.
Disable auto summarization
Cannot create - modify or delete VLAN's - sends and forwards advertisements - synchronizes VLAn configurations.

29. Rip is capable of load balancing over as many as?
Plaintext and MD5
Six equal cost paths
Checks the source address and then permits or denies the entire protocol suite
32768

30. In regards to ACL's What are the three protocols?
Checks the source address and then permits or denies the entire protocol suite
One ACL per protocol - One ACL per direction - Once ACL per interface
Between areas?
Disable auto summarization

31. How often does a router send link-state advertisements?
Every 30 minutes by default
MD5 and you have to enable it if you want to use it.
Link-State
Link is the router interface and State is the description of an interface and it's relationship to neighboring routers

32. Formula for determining Subnets
0
Only with Cisco IOS software release 12.3 (2) T
2^n
MD5 and you have to enable it if you want to use it.

33. What does DLCI stand for?
Packet Header
One ACL per protocol - One ACL per direction - Once ACL per interface
...
Data Link Connection Identifier

34. What algorithm does EIGRP use?
A combination of Link-state and distance vector
Every 30 Seconds
Port based
The Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL)

35. Describe features of RIPv2
All backup routes for destinations.
30-50 seconds
Designated Router (DR) and a Back-up designated Router (BDR)
Classless - VLSM capable - Subnet mask sent in routing update - Multicast addressing - Supports route summarization - and authentication

36. Routing protocol is what?
Private: link local
Every 5 seconds
A protocol on how to communicate with other routers
Place the extended ACL's as close to the source as possible and the standard ACL's as close to the destination as possible.

37. How does an Extended ACL work?
Only with Cisco IOS software release 12.3 (2) T
Checks the source and destination address then permits or denies specific protocols
Loopback
A combination of Link-state and distance vector

38. Example of a Routed Protocol?
A trunk
The lower MAC address
IP
A single interface may be assigned multiple IPv6 addresses - and every IPv6 interface contains at least one loopback address.

39. Why is this done?
To reduce OSPF traffic
1Gb/s
Automatically
100Mb/s

40. Admin distance of RIPv2
Cannot create - modify or delete VLAN's - sends and forwards advertisements - synchronizes VLAn configurations.
It is the signaling standard that maintains connection and statues between the DCE and DTE
Link is the router interface and State is the description of an interface and it's relationship to neighboring routers
120

41. In regards to troubleshooting OSPF what should you check?
Packets are processed before they are routed to an outbound interface.
If int status is UP/UP..Check to make sure OSPF is enabled on the interface
Distance Vector
Discovery of Remote Networks - Maintaining Up to date information - Choosing the best path available

42. With ACL's where does the router extract information
Is a classless link-state protocol - creates a neighbor relationship by exchanging hello packets - propagates LSA's rather than routing table updates.
R= Rip protocol; You can reach network 192.168.1.0 in two hops. The 120 is the admin distance and the 2 is the metric (hop). and it can be reached via the 10.1.1.2 network.
Packet Header
1.) Enter the Routing Manually 2.) Use Dymamic Routing

43. What is the default Bridge priority?
A permit statement
A group of end stations with a common set of requirements - independent of their physical location
Incoming packets are routed to the outbound interface - and then they are processed through the outbound ACL
32768

44. Admin distance of a Static Route?
Advertised Distance & Feasible distance
IP
110
1

45. How do you apply the ACL to an interface
A permit statement
MAC based
The update only includes info about the route change
Make sure you are in interface mode - then use this command ip access-group 1 out/in

46. How do you configure a sub interface?
Anycast
Make sure trunking is established. Ensure that dot1q encapsulation is set - and then for each subinterface do this encapsulation dot1Q 2 where 2 is the VLAN associated with that interface
It is the signaling standard that maintains connection and statues between the DCE and DTE
By DLCI's

47. What is the maximum number of paths EIGRP can have for the same destination in it's routing table?
16
2^n
Propagation of partial updates that are sent only to those routers that the changes affect.
RIPv2 & EIGRP

48. How is the root bridge determined?
A trunk
View
The Root bridge is the bridge with the lowest bridge ID
Loopback

49. What type of algorithm does OSPF & IS-IS use?
Classless - VLSM capable - Subnet mask sent in routing update - Multicast addressing - Supports route summarization - and authentication
Link-State
MD5 and you have to enable it if you want to use it.
Advertised Distance & Feasible distance

50. Static VLAN is what?
100Mb/s
0
Port based
Each router builds a map of the network and determines the shortest path to every network.

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