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CCNA Hard

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are two characteristics of 'store and forward' switching?
The switch receives the complete frame before beginning to forward it. and Latency through the switch varies with frame length
Half-duplex Ethernet uses a loopback circuit to detect collisions. and Full-duplex Ethernet makes use of two pairs of wires for data.
The port is experiencing errors
Certkiller B > trace

2. Which of the following are spanning tree port states?
CertK Switch(config)# ip default-gateway 192.168.1.115
Learning - Listening - and Forwarding
A jam signal informs all devices that a collision occurred. - The devices that are involved in the collision stops transmitting for a short time. and The collision invokes a random back-off algorithm.
Show arp and Show interface

3. As the Certkiller network administrator - you are required to have a firmunderstanding of the OSI model. Why does the data communication industry use the layered OSI reference model?
Physical Layer and Datalink Layer
It encourages industry standardization by defining what functions occur at each layer of the model and It divides the network communication process into smaller and simpler components; thus aiding component development - design and troubleshooting
In a CSMA/CD collision domain - stations must wait until the media is not in use before transmitting. and After a collision - all stations run a random backoff algorithm. When the backoff delay period has expired - all stations have equal priority to
The network layer

4. You need to perform some initial configuration tasks on a new Certkiller switch. What is the purpose of assigning an IP address to a switch?
This is an Ethernet port operating at half duplex
To allow remote management of the switch.
To prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched paths.
Decrease the window size.

5. As a network Admin - you will need to decide on the appropriate network devices to use. Which of the following correctly describes the roles of the devices in a WAN?
A cross-over cable
Congestion avoidance - Windowing and Buffering
A CSU/DSU terminates a digital local loop - A modem terminates an analog local loop - A router is commonly considered a DTE device.
Telnet and FTP

6. When a switch port is used as a VLAN trunk - which of the following trunk modes are valid?
VTP will allow switches to share VLAN configuration information
Auto - Desirable - and On
UDP will pass the information in the datagrams up to the next OSI layer in the order that they arrive.
Telnet and FTP

7. Certkiller users have noticed extremely slow network performance - intermittent connectivity - and connection losses. After entering the 'show interfaces' command - you notice that the Ethernet interface is configured as 100 Mbps full-duplex and that
Data link
Certkiller B > trace
Device Identifiers - Capabilities list - Platform
Duplex mismatch

8. What is the IEEE standard associated with Gigabit Ethernet?
Half-duplex Ethernet uses a loopback circuit to detect collisions. and Full-duplex Ethernet makes use of two pairs of wires for data.
The switch will forward the frame to a specific port
802.3ab and 802.3z
Auto - On - and Desirable

9. Both bridges are switches are being used throughout the CK LAN. Which of the following statements are true regarding bridges and switches in this network?
To prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched paths.
Buffering - Cut-through - and Congestion avoidance
Configure the switch so that it has a lower priority than other switches in the network.
Switches usually have a higher number of ports then most bridges - Both bridges and switches forward Layer 2 broadcasts and Both bridges and switches make forwarding decisions based on Layer 2 addresses.

10. Which fields are included in the TCP header?
Source Port - Acknowledgment Number - and Window
Data link
Hosts use a logical bus topology
Switches usually have a higher number of ports then most bridges - Both bridges and switches forward Layer 2 broadcasts and Both bridges and switches make forwarding decisions based on Layer 2 addresses.

11. In a switched LAN network - What is the Spanning-Tree algorithm used for?
Filtering can occur based on Layer 3 information and Broadcasts are not forwarded across the router
The switch that will share the VLAN information must be in the VTP Server mode. -The switches must be in the same VTP domain. - The switches must be configured to use the same STP version. and The switches must be connected over VLAN trunks.
It is used to prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched routes.
It provides a mechanism for the receiver to control the transmission speed - You have just installed a new web server on the Certkiller network. You are required to ensure that the web server is accessible from the Internet. The network uses private

12. With regard to Ethernet media access methods - which of the following are true?
Certkiller B > trace
Switches usually have a higher number of ports then most bridges - Both bridges and switches forward Layer 2 broadcasts and Both bridges and switches make forwarding decisions based on Layer 2 addresses.
VLAN and Swtich
A device listens and waits until the media is not busy before transmitting. and All devices on an Ethernet segment see data that passes on the network medium.

13. The Certkiller network administrator needs to a switch named CK1 to become the root bridge for a redundant path switched network. What can be done to ensure that CK1 will always assume the role as the root bridge?
It will prevent segment 1's broadcasts from getting to segment 2.
Serial0/1 is down - line protocol is down
Configure the switch so that it has lower priority than other switches in the network
Allowing simultaneous frame transmissions and filtering frames based on MAC addresses

14. When comparing and contrasting the similarities and differences between bridges and switches - which of the following are valid statements?
The Bridgeg ID and The bridge priority
Duplex mismatch
A switch is a multiport bridge and Bridges and switches learn Mac addresses by examining the source MAC address of each frame received.
Half-duplex Ethernet uses a loopback circuit to detect collisions. and Full-duplex Ethernet makes use of two pairs of wires for data.

15. In which circumstance are multiple copies of the same unicast frame likely to be transmitted in the Certkiller Switched LAN?
Full-duplex Ethernet can provide higher throughout than can half-duplex Ethernet of the same bandwidth
A switch is a multiport bridge and Bridges and switches learn Mac addresses by examining the source MAC address of each frame received.
In an improperly implemented redundant topology
The switch must be reachable through a port connected to its management VLAN. and The switch must be configured with an IP address - subnet mask - and default gateway.

16. Which of the following are types of flow control?
Information about a route should never be sent back in the direction from which the original update came.
Buffering - Cut-through - and Congestion avoidance
The transport layer divides a data stream into segments and adds reliability and flow control information. Packets are created when the network layer adds Layer 3 addresses and control information to a segment.
The sequence number in the TCP header.

17. You have set up an Internet based FTP server - where people can upload and download files. In terms of the OSI model - What is the highest layer used during the FTP sessions.
The switch will forward the frame to a specific port
Application
Full-duplex Ethernet can provide higher throughput than can half-duplex Ethernet of the same bandwidth
A cross-over cable

18. An administrator would like to configure a switch over a virtual terminal connection from locations outside of the local LAN. Which of the following are required in order for the switch to be configured from a remote location?
CertK Switch(config)# ip default-gateway 192.168.1.115
Half-duplex Ethernet operates in a shared collision domain. and Half-duplex Ethernet has lower effective throughput.
The switch must be reachable through a port connected to its management VLAN. and The switch must be configured with an IP address - subnet mask - and default gateway.
Configure the switch so that it has lower priority than other switches in the network

19. At which layer of the OSI model does the protocol that provides the information displayed by the 'show cdp neighbors' command operate?
Data link
Switches usually have a higher number of ports then most bridges - Both bridges and switches forward Layer 2 broadcasts and Both bridges and switches make forwarding decisions based on Layer 2 addresses.
Hosts use a logical bus topology
Layer 4

20. Which OSI layer is associated with the following: The acknowledgment of transmissions - sequencing - and flow control across a network?
Layer 4
Configure the switch so that it has a lower priority than other switches in the network.
100 meters
The switch will forward the frame to a specific port

21. A host computer has been correctly configured with a static IP address - but the default gateway is incorrectly set. Which layer of the OSI model will be first effected by this configuration error?
It encourages industry standardization by defining what functions occur at each layer of the model and It divides the network communication process into smaller and simpler components; thus aiding component development - design and troubleshooting
Layer 3
Encapsulations PPP and authentication CHAP
TCP

22. CK1 is a switch in the Certkiller network. Why will CK1 never learn the broadcast address?
A broadcast address will never be the source address of a frame
Data link
SMTP FTP and HTTP
Show arp and Show interface

23. You unsuccessfully try to ping the Internet from the PC host on the LAN. During the troubleshooting process - you enter the 'show ip nat translations' command but the output is blank. What is the most likely cause of the problem?
The switch receives the complete frame before beginning to forward it. and Latency through the switch varies with frame length
It operates without collisions and It provides faster data transfer
The switch must be reachable through a port connected to its management VLAN. and The switch must be configured with an IP address - subnet mask - and default gateway.
The interfaces must be configured for NAT.

24. ICMP is often used in troubleshooting and verifying network. What statements are true regarding ICMP packets?
A switch is a multiport bridge and Bridges and switches learn Mac addresses by examining the source MAC address of each frame received.
They can provide hosts with information about network problems. and They are encapsulated within IP datagrams.
It is the sum of the costs based on bandwidth
UDP will pass the information in the datagrams up to the next OSI layer in the order that they arrive.

25. A network administrator wants to control which user hosts can access the network based on their MAC address. What will prevent workstations with unauthorized MAC addresses from connecting to the network through a switch?
Port security
Half-duplex Ethernet uses a loopback circuit to detect collisions. and Full-duplex Ethernet makes use of two pairs of wires for data.
A switch is a multiport bridge and Bridges and switches learn Mac addresses by examining the source MAC address of each frame received.
It encourages industry standardization by defining what functions occur at each layer of the model and It divides the network communication process into smaller and simpler components; thus aiding component development - design and troubleshooting

26. Which of the following are true of Ethernet technology?
Hosts use a logical bus topology
Filtering can occur based on Layer 3 information and Broadcasts are not forwarded across the router
Buffering - Cut-through - and Congestion avoidance
Layer 4

27. Split horizon has been enabled within the Certkiller routed network. Which one of the following statements best explains the split horizon rule?
Increased latency and Filtering of all frame errors
An additional broadcast domain will be created.
Information about a route should never be sent back in the direction from which the original update came.
UDP will pass the information in the datagrams up to the next OSI layer in the order that they arrive.

28. The Certkiller network administrator wants to use a router named CK1 to segment the local network. What are some of the advantages of using CK1 to segment the network? (Choose two)
Layer 4
Source Port - Acknowledgment Number - and Window
Filtering can occur based on Layer 3 information and Broadcasts are not forwarded across the router
Physical Layer and Datalink Layer

29. Although TCP segments are similar to UDP segments - TCP packets contains some additional fields. Which of the following are found in a TCP header - but not in a UDP header?
Sequence number - Window size - and Acknowledgment number
Show arp and Show interface
Telnet and FTP
Serial0/1 is down - line protocol is down

30. When you compare the differences between half-duplex and full-duplex Ethernet - which of the following characteristics are exclusive to half-duplex?
The switch will forward the frame to a specific port
The transport layer divides a data stream into segments and adds reliability and flow control information. Packets are created when the network layer adds Layer 3 addresses and control information to a segment.
Half-duplex Ethernet operates in a shared collision domain. and Half-duplex Ethernet has lower effective throughput.
Allowing simultaneous frame transmissions and filtering frames based on MAC addresses

31. Which IOS user EXEC command will allow a network technician to determine which router in the path to an unreachable network host should be examined more closely for the cause of the network failure?
Certkiller B > trace
Port security
Device Identifiers - Capabilities list - Platform
A broadcast address will never be the source address of a frame

32. The LAN needs are expanding at the CK corporate office - which is quickly growing. You are instructed to enlarge the area covered by a single LAN segment on the CK network. Which of the following are layer 1 devices that you can use?
Too many hosts in a broadcast domain - Broadcast storms and Low bandwidth
802.3ab and 802.3z
An electrical pulse indicates that the collision has cleared.
A hub and A repeater.

33. Some of the older Certkiller switches store the entire frame before forwarding it to the destination. What are two effects on network performance of configuring a switch to do this?
It will prevent segment 1's broadcasts from getting to segment 2.
An additional broadcast domain will be created.
Layer 4
Increased latency and Filtering of all frame errors

34. You are experiencing intermittent issues relating to congestion within the Certkiller network. What are the possible causes of congestion on this LAN?
An additional broadcast domain will be created.
A broadcast domain with too many hosts - Broadcast storms - and Low bandwidth
Fiber optic cable.
802.3ab and 802.3z

35. The corporate head office of Certkiller has a teleconferencing system that uses VOIP (voice over IP) technology. This system uses UDP as the transport for the data transmissions. If these UDP datagrams arrive at their destination out of sequence - wh
UDP will pass the information in the datagrams up to the next OSI layer in the order that they arrive.
Data link
Full-duplex Ethernet can provide higher throughput than can half-duplex Ethernet of the same bandwidth
The network layer

36. CDP is running between two CK devices. What information is supplied by CDP?
STP
In an improperly implemented redundant topology
Device Identifiers - Capabilities list - Platform
The switch must be reachable through a port connected to its management VLAN. and The switch must be configured with an IP address - subnet mask - and default gateway.

37. CDP is being used trhoughout the CK network. What are two reasons why the CK network administrator would use CDP?
Show arp and Show interface
To prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched paths.
To obtain the IP address of a connected device in order to telnet to the device - To verify Layer 2 connectivity between two devices when Layer 3 fails.
Application

38. As a Certkiller trainee you are required to set the default gateway on a Cisco switch to the IP address of 192.168.1.115. Which IOS command should you use?
CertK Switch(config)# ip default-gateway 192.168.1.115
MAC Address and Bridge Priority
The network layer
Fiber optic cable.

39. What are the switch and bridge port characteristics of a layer two spanning-tree network that is fully converged?
Hosts use a logical bus topology
A device listens and waits until the media is not busy before transmitting. and All devices on an Ethernet segment see data that passes on the network medium.
All switch and bridge ports are in either the forwarding or blocking state.
Full-duplex Ethernet can provide higher throughput than can half-duplex Ethernet of the same bandwidth

40. The Certkiller network administrator issues the ping 192.168.2.5 command and successfully tests connectivity to a host that has been newly connected to the network. Which protocols were used during the test?
It provides a mechanism for the receiver to control the transmission speed - You have just installed a new web server on the Certkiller network. You are required to ensure that the web server is accessible from the Internet. The network uses private
The Bridgeg ID and The bridge priority
To obtain the IP address of a connected device in order to telnet to the device - To verify Layer 2 connectivity between two devices when Layer 3 fails.
ARP and ICMP

41. Two stations on the Certkiller LAN transmit at the same time - resulting in a collision. What happens when a collision occurs on the network?
It encourages industry standardization by defining what functions occur at each layer of the model and It divides the network communication process into smaller and simpler components; thus aiding component development - design and troubleshooting
Source Port - Acknowledgment Number - and Window
A jam signal informs all devices that a collision occurred. - The devices that are involved in the collision stops transmitting for a short time. and The collision invokes a random back-off algorithm.
HTTPS - SMTP - and TFTP

42. The Certkiller LAN is upgrading all devices to operate in full duplex. Which statement is true about full-duplex Ethernet in comparison to half-duplex Ethernet?
HTTPS - SMTP - and TFTP
A CSU/DSU terminates a digital local loop - A modem terminates an analog local loop - A router is commonly considered a DTE device.
Full-duplex Ethernet can provide higher throughout than can half-duplex Ethernet of the same bandwidth
MAC Address and Bridge Priority

43. While troubleshooting a network connectivity problem - a Certkiller technician observes steady link lights on both the workstation NIC and the switch port to which the workstation is connected. However - when the ping command is issued from the works
It operates without collisions and It provides faster data transfer
The network layer
Transport
HTTPS - SMTP - and TFTP

44. While troubleshooting a connectivity problem - the Certkiller network administrator notices that a port status LED on a Cisco Catalyst Series switch is alternating between green and amber. Which condition could this indicate?
Hosts use a logical bus topology
Network
The port is experiencing errors
It is the sum of the costs based on bandwidth

45. What is the purpose of the spanning-tree algorithm in a switched LAN?
The transport layer divides a data stream into segments and adds reliability and flow control information. Packets are created when the network layer adds Layer 3 addresses and control information to a segment.
To prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched paths.
The sequence number in the TCP header.
Half-duplex Ethernet uses a loopback circuit to detect collisions. and Full-duplex Ethernet makes use of two pairs of wires for data.

46. Which of the following commands would be applied to a WAN interface - but not on LAN Interface?
Physical Layer and Datalink Layer
Encapsulations PPP and authentication CHAP
Serial0/1 is down - line protocol is down
Buffering - Cut-through - and Congestion avoidance

47. Which three of the protocols below belong to the application layer? (Select three answer choices)
The switch will forward the frame to a specific port
The transport layer divides a data stream into segments and adds reliability and flow control information. Packets are created when the network layer adds Layer 3 addresses and control information to a segment.
HTTPS - SMTP - and TFTP
Data link

48. Which OSI layer header contains the address of a destination host that is on another network?
A jam signal informs all devices that a collision occurred. - The devices that are involved in the collision stops transmitting for a short time. and The collision invokes a random back-off algorithm.
Network
Device Identifiers - Capabilities list - Platform
Application

49. Which line from the output of the show ip interface command indicates that there is a Layer 1 problem?
Show arp and Show interface
MAC Address and Bridge Priority
Serial0/1 is down - line protocol is down
Full-duplex Ethernet can provide higher throughout than can half-duplex Ethernet of the same bandwidth

50. You are logged into a router and wish to view the layer 3 information about your neighboring Cisco routers. What IOS command gives layer 3 information for of the directly connected router interfaces?
Congestion avoidance - Windowing and Buffering
Device Identifiers - Capabilities list - Platform
Show cdp neighbor detail
The network layer