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CCNA Hard

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Which OSI layer is associated with the following: The acknowledgment of transmissions - sequencing - and flow control across a network?
Packet switching - Packet filtering and Internetwork communication.
The switch receives the complete frame before beginning to forward it. and Latency through the switch varies with frame length
Layer 4
It operates without collisions and It provides faster data transfer

2. Split horizon has been enabled within the Certkiller routed network. Which one of the following statements best explains the split horizon rule?
Data link
Information about a route should never be sent back in the direction from which the original update came.
All switch and bridge ports are in either the forwarding or blocking state.
The switch that will share the VLAN information must be in the VTP Server mode. -The switches must be in the same VTP domain. - The switches must be configured to use the same STP version. and The switches must be connected over VLAN trunks.

3. ICMP is often used in troubleshooting and verifying network. What statements are true regarding ICMP packets?
To prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched paths.
A broadcast address will never be the source address of a frame
Decrease the window size.
They can provide hosts with information about network problems. and They are encapsulated within IP datagrams.

4. Which of the following are spanning tree port states?
Congestion avoidance - Windowing and Buffering
Information about a route should never be sent back in the direction from which the original update came.
Learning - Listening - and Forwarding
MAC Address and Bridge Priority

5. What kind of cable should be used to establish a trunked line between two Catalyst switches?
802.3ab and 802.3z
A cross-over cable
All switch and bridge ports are in either the forwarding or blocking state.
Buffering - Cut-through - and Congestion avoidance

6. On a half-duplex Ethernet LAN - two hosts attempt to send data simultaneously - resulting in a collision. Following this collision - what will the hosts do?
To prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched paths.
The system is malfunctioning.
Fiber optic cable.
An electrical pulse indicates that the collision has cleared.

7. A receiving host has failed to receive all of the segments that it should acknowledge. What can the host do to improve the reliability of this communication session?
SMTP - FTP - HTTP - and HTTPS
Decrease the window size.
It is the sum of the costs based on bandwidth
Port security

8. Which three statements are true about the operation of a full-duplex Ethernet network - which is being used in the Certkiller LAN?
HTTPS - SMTP - and TFTP
Show cdp neighbor detail
Network
The host network card and the switch port must be capable of operating in full-duplex mode. - There are no collisions in full-duplex mode. and A dedicated switch port is required for each full-duplex node.

9. Although TCP segments are similar to UDP segments - TCP packets contains some additional fields. Which of the following are found in a TCP header - but not in a UDP header?
All switch and bridge ports are in either the forwarding or blocking state.
In an improperly implemented redundant topology
Sequence number - Window size - and Acknowledgment number
An electrical pulse indicates that the collision has cleared.

10. You need to perform some initial configuration tasks on a new Certkiller switch. What are the possible trunking modes for this switch port?
The switch receives the complete frame before beginning to forward it. and Latency through the switch varies with frame length
Fiber optic cable.
Auto - On - and Desirable
Configure the switch so that it has lower priority than other switches in the network

11. Certkiller has implemented the use of the Virtual Trunking Protocol (VTP). Which statement below accurately describes a benefit of doing this?
To prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched paths.
VTP will allow switches to share VLAN configuration information
To obtain the IP address of a connected device in order to telnet to the device - To verify Layer 2 connectivity between two devices when Layer 3 fails.
Congestion avoidance - Windowing and Buffering

12. Which of the following correctly describe steps in the OSI date encapsulation process?
The transport layer divides a data stream into segments and adds reliability and flow control information. Packets are created when the network layer adds Layer 3 addresses and control information to a segment.
Port security
All switch and bridge ports are in either the forwarding or blocking state.
It is the sum of the costs based on bandwidth

13. Which two of the following values does STP take into consideration when it elects the root bridge?
Encapsulations PPP and authentication CHAP
Switches increase the number of collision domains in the network.
The Bridgeg ID and The bridge priority
A broadcast domain with too many hosts - Broadcast storms - and Low bandwidth

14. Both the switches and hubs are being utilized within the CK network. Which of the following is true regarding the use of switches and hubs for the network connectivity in this network?
Too many hosts in a broadcast domain - Broadcast storms and Low bandwidth
Switches increase the number of collision domains in the network.
VTP will allow switches to share VLAN configuration information
Serial0/1 is down - line protocol is down

15. You unsuccessfully try to ping the Internet from the PC host on the LAN. During the troubleshooting process - you enter the 'show ip nat translations' command but the output is blank. What is the most likely cause of the problem?
It is used to prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched routes.
The interfaces must be configured for NAT.
Half-duplex Ethernet uses a loopback circuit to detect collisions. and Full-duplex Ethernet makes use of two pairs of wires for data.
Auto - On - and Desirable

16. The LAN needs are expanding at the CK corporate office - which is quickly growing. You are instructed to enlarge the area covered by a single LAN segment on the CK network. Which of the following are layer 1 devices that you can use?
A hub and A repeater.
802.1Q and ISL
Port security
Layer 3

17. Which of the following correctly describe the various functions and virtues of a router?
Switches - Bridges - and Routers
A switch is a multiport bridge and Bridges and switches learn Mac addresses by examining the source MAC address of each frame received.
Packet switching - Packet filtering and Internetwork communication.
The port is experiencing errors

18. Which of following VLAN frame encapsulation types are configurable on a Cisco switch?
To prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched paths.
CertK Switch(config)# ip default-gateway 192.168.1.115
VTP will allow switches to share VLAN configuration information
802.1Q and ISL

19. The corporate head office of Certkiller has a teleconferencing system that uses VOIP (voice over IP) technology. This system uses UDP as the transport for the data transmissions. If these UDP datagrams arrive at their destination out of sequence - wh
UDP will pass the information in the datagrams up to the next OSI layer in the order that they arrive.
An electrical pulse indicates that the collision has cleared.
Certkiller B > trace
The network layer

20. As the Certkiller network administrator - you are required to have a firmunderstanding of the OSI model. Why does the data communication industry use the layered OSI reference model?
HTTPS
The network layer
Decrease the window size.
It encourages industry standardization by defining what functions occur at each layer of the model and It divides the network communication process into smaller and simpler components; thus aiding component development - design and troubleshooting

21. Which of the protocols below use TCP at the transport layer?
Allowing simultaneous frame transmissions and filtering frames based on MAC addresses
The sequence number in the TCP header.
Data link
SMTP - FTP - HTTP - and HTTPS

22. Which fields are included in the TCP header?
It is the sum of the costs based on bandwidth
Path selections and Packet switching.
Source Port - Acknowledgment Number - and Window
The port is experiencing errors

23. Which layer of the OSI reference model is responsible for ensuring reliable end to end delivery of data?
Transport
802.1Q and ISL
To allow remote management of the switch.
Layer 3

24. What is the purpose of the spanning-tree algorithm in a switched LAN?
Telnet and FTP
Switches usually have a higher number of ports then most bridges - Both bridges and switches forward Layer 2 broadcasts and Both bridges and switches make forwarding decisions based on Layer 2 addresses.
Configure the switch so that it has lower priority than other switches in the network
To prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched paths.

25. Two stations on the Certkiller LAN transmit at the same time - resulting in a collision. What happens when a collision occurs on the network?
Certkiller B > trace
A jam signal informs all devices that a collision occurred. - The devices that are involved in the collision stops transmitting for a short time. and The collision invokes a random back-off algorithm.
Application
Layer 4

26. A Certkiller technician is troubleshooting connectivity problems between two routers that are directly connected through the serial line. The technician notices that the serial line is up but cannot see any neighbors displayed in the output of the sh
Data link
It provides a mechanism for the receiver to control the transmission speed - You have just installed a new web server on the Certkiller network. You are required to ensure that the web server is accessible from the Internet. The network uses private
Transport
Device Identifiers - Capabilities list - Platform

27. Cisco is the leader in the router market space. What basic functions do their routers perform in a network?
It is the sum of the costs based on bandwidth
Transport
Auto - Desirable - and On
Path selections and Packet switching.

28. In a switched LAN network - What is the Spanning-Tree algorithm used for?
It provides a mechanism for the receiver to control the transmission speed - You have just installed a new web server on the Certkiller network. You are required to ensure that the web server is accessible from the Internet. The network uses private
The switch will forward the frame to a specific port
ARP and ICMP
It is used to prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched routes.

29. When a switch port is used as a VLAN trunk - which of the following trunk modes are valid?
Fiber optic cable.
The transport layer divides a data stream into segments and adds reliability and flow control information. Packets are created when the network layer adds Layer 3 addresses and control information to a segment.
Auto - Desirable - and On
It operates without collisions and It provides faster data transfer

30. The Certkiller network administrator needs to a switch named CK1 to become the root bridge for a redundant path switched network. What can be done to ensure that CK1 will always assume the role as the root bridge?
It operates without collisions and It provides faster data transfer
Configure the switch so that it has lower priority than other switches in the network
Buffering - Cut-through - and Congestion avoidance
They can provide hosts with information about network problems. and They are encapsulated within IP datagrams.

31. Which of the following commands would be applied to a WAN interface - but not on LAN Interface?
Physical Layer and Datalink Layer
Encapsulations PPP and authentication CHAP
802.3ab and 802.3z
To prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched paths.

32. Which of the following are true of Ethernet technology?
Hosts use a logical bus topology
A device listens and waits until the media is not busy before transmitting. and All devices on an Ethernet segment see data that passes on the network medium.
Information about a route should never be sent back in the direction from which the original update came.
An electrical pulse indicates that the collision has cleared.

33. You need to perform some initial configuration tasks on a new Certkiller switch. What is the purpose of assigning an IP address to a switch?
Layer 4
To allow remote management of the switch.
Data link
Switches increase the number of collision domains in the network.

34. Certkiller is installing IP phones in a new office. The phones and office computers connect to the same device. To ensure maximum throughout for the phone data sessions - the company needs to make sure that the phone traffic is on a different network
Switches usually have a higher number of ports then most bridges - Both bridges and switches forward Layer 2 broadcasts and Both bridges and switches make forwarding decisions based on Layer 2 addresses.
Layer 4
All switch and bridge ports are in either the forwarding or blocking state.
VLAN and Swtich

35. CK1 is a switch in the Certkiller network. Why will CK1 never learn the broadcast address?
Configure the switch so that it has a lower priority than other switches in the network.
A broadcast address will never be the source address of a frame
Full-duplex Ethernet can provide higher throughout than can half-duplex Ethernet of the same bandwidth
Sequence number - Window size - and Acknowledgment number

36. Acknowledgements - sequencing - and flow control are functions that are handled by which layer of the OSI model?
To allow remote management of the switch.
Hosts use a logical bus topology
Data link
Layer 4

37. The Certkiller corporate LAN consists of one large flat network. You decide to segment this LAN into two separate networks with a router. What will be the affect of this change?

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38. You are experiencing intermittent issues relating to congestion within the Certkiller network. What are the possible causes of congestion on this LAN?
Layer 4
A broadcast address will never be the source address of a frame
A jam signal informs all devices that a collision occurred. - The devices that are involved in the collision stops transmitting for a short time. and The collision invokes a random back-off algorithm.
A broadcast domain with too many hosts - Broadcast storms - and Low bandwidth

39. The CK network administrator needs to determine what LAN devices to install on the CK network. What are two advantages of using Layer 2 Ethernet switches over hubs?
802.3ab and 802.3z
Allowing simultaneous frame transmissions and filtering frames based on MAC addresses
The sequence number in the TCP header.
Learning - Listening - and Forwarding

40. Two buildings on the London campus of a CK corporation must be connected to use Ethernet with a bandwidth of at least 100 Mbps. CK is concerned about possible problems from voltage potential differences between the two buldings. Which media type shou
A broadcast address will never be the source address of a frame
Fiber optic cable.
In a CSMA/CD collision domain - stations must wait until the media is not in use before transmitting. and After a collision - all stations run a random backoff algorithm. When the backoff delay period has expired - all stations have equal priority to
Certkiller B > trace

41. Which of the following statements correctly describe the differences between half-duplex and full-duplex Ethernet?
The interfaces must be configured for NAT.
A hub and A repeater.
Sequence number - Window size - and Acknowledgment number
Half-duplex Ethernet uses a loopback circuit to detect collisions. and Full-duplex Ethernet makes use of two pairs of wires for data.

42. You want to influence the root bridge selection within the Certkiller LAN. Which two values are used by spanning tree protocol to elect a root bridge? (Choose two.)
Half-duplex Ethernet uses a loopback circuit to detect collisions. and Full-duplex Ethernet makes use of two pairs of wires for data.
Information about a route should never be sent back in the direction from which the original update came.
MAC Address and Bridge Priority
In an improperly implemented redundant topology

43. Which of the following devices can the Certkiller network administrator use to segment the LAN?
The transport layer divides a data stream into segments and adds reliability and flow control information. Packets are created when the network layer adds Layer 3 addresses and control information to a segment.
Application
It is the sum of the costs based on bandwidth
Switches - Bridges - and Routers

44. You want to upgrade the Certkiller LAN so that all ports operate in full duplex mode. Which statement is true about full-duplex Ethernet when comparing to half-duplex Ethernet?
A switch is a multiport bridge and Bridges and switches learn Mac addresses by examining the source MAC address of each frame received.
Filtering can occur based on Layer 3 information and Broadcasts are not forwarded across the router
Full-duplex Ethernet can provide higher throughput than can half-duplex Ethernet of the same bandwidth
STP

45. CDP is being used trhoughout the CK network. What are two reasons why the CK network administrator would use CDP?
Telnet and FTP
To allow remote management of the switch.
Show cdp neighbor detail
To obtain the IP address of a connected device in order to telnet to the device - To verify Layer 2 connectivity between two devices when Layer 3 fails.

46. While troubleshooting a network connectivity problem - a Certkiller technician observes steady link lights on both the workstation NIC and the switch port to which the workstation is connected. However - when the ping command is issued from the works
UDP will pass the information in the datagrams up to the next OSI layer in the order that they arrive.
The network layer
The switch receives the complete frame before beginning to forward it. and Latency through the switch varies with frame length
Hosts use a logical bus topology

47. Which line from the output of the show ip interface command indicates that there is a Layer 1 problem?
Buffering - Cut-through - and Congestion avoidance
In a CSMA/CD collision domain - stations must wait until the media is not in use before transmitting. and After a collision - all stations run a random backoff algorithm. When the backoff delay period has expired - all stations have equal priority to
Serial0/1 is down - line protocol is down
Transport

48. A host computer has been correctly configured with a static IP address - but the default gateway is incorrectly set. Which layer of the OSI model will be first effected by this configuration error?
Layer 3
Half-duplex Ethernet uses a loopback circuit to detect collisions. and Full-duplex Ethernet makes use of two pairs of wires for data.
A jam signal informs all devices that a collision occurred. - The devices that are involved in the collision stops transmitting for a short time. and The collision invokes a random back-off algorithm.
Switches increase the number of collision domains in the network.

49. Which of the protocols below - operates at Layer 2 of the OSI model - and is used to maintain a loop-free network?
STP
It will prevent segment 1's broadcasts from getting to segment 2.
Switches usually have a higher number of ports then most bridges - Both bridges and switches forward Layer 2 broadcasts and Both bridges and switches make forwarding decisions based on Layer 2 addresses.
802.1Q and ISL

50. As a network Admin - you will need to decide on the appropriate network devices to use. Which of the following correctly describes the roles of the devices in a WAN?
A CSU/DSU terminates a digital local loop - A modem terminates an analog local loop - A router is commonly considered a DTE device.
Duplex mismatch
100 meters
Information about a route should never be sent back in the direction from which the original update came.