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CCNA Hard

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Why is full-duplex Ethernet superior to its single-duplex counterpart?
A switch is a multiport bridge and Bridges and switches learn Mac addresses by examining the source MAC address of each frame received.
Increased latency and Filtering of all frame errors
It is the sum of the costs based on bandwidth
It operates without collisions and It provides faster data transfer

2. What is the purpose of the spanning-tree algorithm in a switched LAN?
Network
To prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched paths.
Encapsulations PPP and authentication CHAP
It operates without collisions and It provides faster data transfer

3. Which layer of the OSI reference model is responsible for ensuring reliable end to end delivery of data?
Information about a route should never be sent back in the direction from which the original update came.
VLAN and Swtich
Network
Transport

4. Which of the following statements correctly describe the differences between half-duplex and full-duplex Ethernet?
It provides a mechanism for the receiver to control the transmission speed - You have just installed a new web server on the Certkiller network. You are required to ensure that the web server is accessible from the Internet. The network uses private
Half-duplex Ethernet uses a loopback circuit to detect collisions. and Full-duplex Ethernet makes use of two pairs of wires for data.
The network layer
The host network card and the switch port must be capable of operating in full-duplex mode. - There are no collisions in full-duplex mode. and A dedicated switch port is required for each full-duplex node.

5. The CK network administrator needs to determine what LAN devices to install on the CK network. What are two advantages of using Layer 2 Ethernet switches over hubs?
A cross-over cable
To prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched paths.
Allowing simultaneous frame transmissions and filtering frames based on MAC addresses
Layer 4

6. While troubleshooting a connectivity problem - the Certkiller network administrator notices that a port status LED on a Cisco Catalyst Series switch is alternating between green and amber. Which condition could this indicate?
In a CSMA/CD collision domain - stations must wait until the media is not in use before transmitting. and After a collision - all stations run a random backoff algorithm. When the backoff delay period has expired - all stations have equal priority to
Data link
Port security
The port is experiencing errors

7. Acknowledgements - sequencing - and flow control are functions that are handled by which layer of the OSI model?
A CSU/DSU terminates a digital local loop - A modem terminates an analog local loop - A router is commonly considered a DTE device.
The network layer
Layer 4
TCP

8. when files are transferred between a host and an FTP server - the data is divided into smaller pieces of transmission. As these pieces arrive at the destination host they must be reassembled to reconstruct the original file. What provides for the rea
Hosts use a logical bus topology
The sequence number in the TCP header.
Network
Switches increase the number of collision domains in the network.

9. Which of the following correctly describe steps in the OSI date encapsulation process?
The transport layer divides a data stream into segments and adds reliability and flow control information. Packets are created when the network layer adds Layer 3 addresses and control information to a segment.
It is used to prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched routes.
VTP will allow switches to share VLAN configuration information
The interfaces must be configured for NAT.

10. Which OSI layer header contains the address of a destination host that is on another network?
This is an Ethernet port operating at half duplex
Allowing simultaneous frame transmissions and filtering frames based on MAC addresses
The transport layer divides a data stream into segments and adds reliability and flow control information. Packets are created when the network layer adds Layer 3 addresses and control information to a segment.
Network

11. The Certkiller network administrator needs to a switch named CK1 to become the root bridge for a redundant path switched network. What can be done to ensure that CK1 will always assume the role as the root bridge?
The Bridgeg ID and The bridge priority
Source Port - Acknowledgment Number - and Window
Configure the switch so that it has lower priority than other switches in the network
The interfaces must be configured for NAT.

12. Network equipment supporting the use of flow control mechanisms has been recently installed in the CK network. What is the purpose of flow control in a data network?
All switch and bridge ports are in either the forwarding or blocking state.
An electrical pulse indicates that the collision has cleared.
It provides a mechanism for the receiver to control the transmission speed - You have just installed a new web server on the Certkiller network. You are required to ensure that the web server is accessible from the Internet. The network uses private
Path selections and Packet switching.

13. ICMP is often used in troubleshooting and verifying network. What statements are true regarding ICMP packets?
They can provide hosts with information about network problems. and They are encapsulated within IP datagrams.
Configure the switch so that it has lower priority than other switches in the network
STP
In an improperly implemented redundant topology

14. With regard to Ethernet media access methods - which of the following are true?
The system is malfunctioning.
A device listens and waits until the media is not busy before transmitting. and All devices on an Ethernet segment see data that passes on the network medium.
Filtering can occur based on Layer 3 information and Broadcasts are not forwarded across the router
Physical Layer and Datalink Layer

15. Which OSI layer is associated with the following: The acknowledgment of transmissions - sequencing - and flow control across a network?
The port is experiencing errors
Layer 4
The system is malfunctioning.
STP

16. You download a file from an FTP site on the Internet. What is the highest layer in the OSI model used in this FTP operations?
Filtering can occur based on Layer 3 information and Broadcasts are not forwarded across the router
It is the sum of the costs based on bandwidth
Application
Information about a route should never be sent back in the direction from which the original update came.

17. When comparing and contrasting the similarities and differences between bridges and switches - which of the following are valid statements?
A switch is a multiport bridge and Bridges and switches learn Mac addresses by examining the source MAC address of each frame received.
Telnet and FTP
Congestion avoidance - Windowing and Buffering
In a CSMA/CD collision domain - stations must wait until the media is not in use before transmitting. and After a collision - all stations run a random backoff algorithm. When the backoff delay period has expired - all stations have equal priority to

18. While troubleshooting a connectivity problem on the network - you issure the ping command from your PC command prompt - but the output shows 'request times out' At which OSI layer is this problem associated with?
A hub and A repeater.
It will prevent segment 1's broadcasts from getting to segment 2.
Switches - Bridges - and Routers
The network layer

19. Split horizon has been enabled within the Certkiller routed network. Which one of the following statements best explains the split horizon rule?
Source Port - Acknowledgment Number - and Window
The network layer
Information about a route should never be sent back in the direction from which the original update came.
Buffering - Cut-through - and Congestion avoidance

20. What is the IEEE standard associated with Gigabit Ethernet?
An additional broadcast domain will be created.
802.3ab and 802.3z
A switch is a multiport bridge and Bridges and switches learn Mac addresses by examining the source MAC address of each frame received.
Sequence number - Window size - and Acknowledgment number

21. A Certkiller Ethernet switch receives a unicast frame with a destination MAC that IS listed in the switch table. What will this switch do with the frame?
Congestion avoidance - Windowing and Buffering
Switches usually have a higher number of ports then most bridges - Both bridges and switches forward Layer 2 broadcasts and Both bridges and switches make forwarding decisions based on Layer 2 addresses.
The switch will forward the frame to a specific port
Path selections and Packet switching.

22. Which of the following devices can the Certkiller network administrator use to segment the LAN?
The port is experiencing errors
Switches - Bridges - and Routers
Decrease the window size.
Layer 4

23. A Certkiller technician is troubleshooting connectivity problems between two routers that are directly connected through the serial line. The technician notices that the serial line is up but cannot see any neighbors displayed in the output of the sh
Encapsulations PPP and authentication CHAP
All switch and bridge ports are in either the forwarding or blocking state.
Data link
Allowing simultaneous frame transmissions and filtering frames based on MAC addresses

24. Assuming you build networks to exact specifications - What is the recommended maximum length a 10BaseT cable can be before it has to be segmented or repeated?
VTP
All switch and bridge ports are in either the forwarding or blocking state.
Full-duplex Ethernet can provide higher throughout than can half-duplex Ethernet of the same bandwidth
100 meters

25. Certkiller is installing IP phones in a new office. The phones and office computers connect to the same device. To ensure maximum throughout for the phone data sessions - the company needs to make sure that the phone traffic is on a different network
A cross-over cable
ARP and ICMP
VLAN and Swtich
802.3ab and 802.3z

26. At which OSI layer is a logical path created between two host systems named CK1 and CK2 on the Certkiller LAN?
Network
To allow remote management of the switch.
Show arp and Show interface
Auto - Desirable - and On

27. You are experiencing intermittent issues relating to congestion within the Certkiller network. What are the possible causes of congestion on this LAN?
Transport
Learning - Listening - and Forwarding
Filtering can occur based on Layer 3 information and Broadcasts are not forwarded across the router
A broadcast domain with too many hosts - Broadcast storms - and Low bandwidth

28. The Certkiller corporate LAN consists of one large flat network. You decide to segment this LAN into two separate networks with a router. What will be the affect of this change?

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29. Although TCP segments are similar to UDP segments - TCP packets contains some additional fields. Which of the following are found in a TCP header - but not in a UDP header?
A jam signal informs all devices that a collision occurred. - The devices that are involved in the collision stops transmitting for a short time. and The collision invokes a random back-off algorithm.
SMTP - FTP - HTTP - and HTTPS
Sequence number - Window size - and Acknowledgment number
Source Port - Acknowledgment Number - and Window

30. A host computer has been correctly configured with a static IP address - but the default gateway is incorrectly set. Which layer of the OSI model will be first effected by this configuration error?
Layer 3
Half-duplex Ethernet operates in a shared collision domain. and Half-duplex Ethernet has lower effective throughput.
Path selections and Packet switching.
The switch must be reachable through a port connected to its management VLAN. and The switch must be configured with an IP address - subnet mask - and default gateway.

31. The system LED is amber on a new Certkiller Catalyst 2950 series switch. What does this indicate?
To obtain the IP address of a connected device in order to telnet to the device - To verify Layer 2 connectivity between two devices when Layer 3 fails.
Physical Layer and Datalink Layer
The system is malfunctioning.
The port is experiencing errors

32. As a CCNA candidate - you will be expected to know the OSI model very well. Which of the following are associated with the application layer (layer 7) of the OSI model?
It is the sum of the costs based on bandwidth
In a CSMA/CD collision domain - stations must wait until the media is not in use before transmitting. and After a collision - all stations run a random backoff algorithm. When the backoff delay period has expired - all stations have equal priority to
Telnet and FTP
Configure the switch so that it has a lower priority than other switches in the network.

33. Which IOS user EXEC command will allow a network technician to determine which router in the path to an unreachable network host should be examined more closely for the cause of the network failure?
The host network card and the switch port must be capable of operating in full-duplex mode. - There are no collisions in full-duplex mode. and A dedicated switch port is required for each full-duplex node.
HTTPS - SMTP - and TFTP
VLAN and Swtich
Certkiller B > trace

34. Both bridges are switches are being used throughout the CK LAN. Which of the following statements are true regarding bridges and switches in this network?
UDP will pass the information in the datagrams up to the next OSI layer in the order that they arrive.
Switches usually have a higher number of ports then most bridges - Both bridges and switches forward Layer 2 broadcasts and Both bridges and switches make forwarding decisions based on Layer 2 addresses.
The Bridgeg ID and The bridge priority
SMTP - FTP - HTTP - and HTTPS

35. Which of the protocols below - operates at Layer 2 of the OSI model - and is used to maintain a loop-free network?
STP
In an improperly implemented redundant topology
Transport
It encourages industry standardization by defining what functions occur at each layer of the model and It divides the network communication process into smaller and simpler components; thus aiding component development - design and troubleshooting

36. In which circumstance are multiple copies of the same unicast frame likely to be transmitted in the Certkiller Switched LAN?
A hub and A repeater.
The port is experiencing errors
In an improperly implemented redundant topology
Data link

37. A receiving host has failed to receive all of the segments that it should acknowledge. What can the host do to improve the reliability of this communication session?
Information about a route should never be sent back in the direction from which the original update came.
VTP will allow switches to share VLAN configuration information
Switches increase the number of collision domains in the network.
Decrease the window size.

38. Which Layer 4 protocol is used for a Telnet connections between two CK routers?
Application
TCP
Fiber optic cable.
Network

39. As a network Admin - you will need to decide on the appropriate network devices to use. Which of the following correctly describes the roles of the devices in a WAN?
The transport layer divides a data stream into segments and adds reliability and flow control information. Packets are created when the network layer adds Layer 3 addresses and control information to a segment.
The switch will forward the frame to a specific port
A CSU/DSU terminates a digital local loop - A modem terminates an analog local loop - A router is commonly considered a DTE device.
SMTP FTP and HTTP

40. The corporate head office of Certkiller has a teleconferencing system that uses VOIP (voice over IP) technology. This system uses UDP as the transport for the data transmissions. If these UDP datagrams arrive at their destination out of sequence - wh
UDP will pass the information in the datagrams up to the next OSI layer in the order that they arrive.
VTP
It is used to prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched routes.
The switch must be reachable through a port connected to its management VLAN. and The switch must be configured with an IP address - subnet mask - and default gateway.

41. You unsuccessfully try to ping the Internet from the PC host on the LAN. During the troubleshooting process - you enter the 'show ip nat translations' command but the output is blank. What is the most likely cause of the problem?
The interfaces must be configured for NAT.
It is used to prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched routes.
Switches usually have a higher number of ports then most bridges - Both bridges and switches forward Layer 2 broadcasts and Both bridges and switches make forwarding decisions based on Layer 2 addresses.
It is the sum of the costs based on bandwidth

42. A network administrator wants to control which user hosts can access the network based on their MAC address. What will prevent workstations with unauthorized MAC addresses from connecting to the network through a switch?
MAC Address and Bridge Priority
An electrical pulse indicates that the collision has cleared.
Port security
The host network card and the switch port must be capable of operating in full-duplex mode. - There are no collisions in full-duplex mode. and A dedicated switch port is required for each full-duplex node.

43. You are logged into a router and wish to view the layer 3 information about your neighboring Cisco routers. What IOS command gives layer 3 information for of the directly connected router interfaces?
Show cdp neighbor detail
The switch must be reachable through a port connected to its management VLAN. and The switch must be configured with an IP address - subnet mask - and default gateway.
A CSU/DSU terminates a digital local loop - A modem terminates an analog local loop - A router is commonly considered a DTE device.
In an improperly implemented redundant topology

44. Two stations on the Certkiller LAN transmit at the same time - resulting in a collision. What happens when a collision occurs on the network?
A jam signal informs all devices that a collision occurred. - The devices that are involved in the collision stops transmitting for a short time. and The collision invokes a random back-off algorithm.
Duplex mismatch
It is the sum of the costs based on bandwidth
Layer 4

45. Which of the following correctly describe the various functions and virtues of a router?
A jam signal informs all devices that a collision occurred. - The devices that are involved in the collision stops transmitting for a short time. and The collision invokes a random back-off algorithm.
Packet switching - Packet filtering and Internetwork communication.
In an improperly implemented redundant topology
The sequence number in the TCP header.

46. Which one of the following characterisitcs is true regardigin the use of the hubs and switches?
Switches increase the number of collision domains in the network.
Data link
Switches usually have a higher number of ports then most bridges - Both bridges and switches forward Layer 2 broadcasts and Both bridges and switches make forwarding decisions based on Layer 2 addresses.
Network

47. A new switch is installed in the Certkiller network. This switch is to be configured so that VLAN information will be automatically distributed to all the other Cisco Catalyst switches in the network. Which of the conditions below have to be met in o
The switch receives the complete frame before beginning to forward it. and Latency through the switch varies with frame length
MAC Address and Bridge Priority
The system is malfunctioning.
The switch that will share the VLAN information must be in the VTP Server mode. -The switches must be in the same VTP domain. - The switches must be configured to use the same STP version. and The switches must be connected over VLAN trunks.

48. As the Certkiller network administrator - you are required to have a firmunderstanding of the OSI model. Why does the data communication industry use the layered OSI reference model?
Telnet and FTP
It encourages industry standardization by defining what functions occur at each layer of the model and It divides the network communication process into smaller and simpler components; thus aiding component development - design and troubleshooting
Configure the switch so that it has lower priority than other switches in the network
Source Port - Acknowledgment Number - and Window

49. CK1 is a switch in the Certkiller network. Why will CK1 never learn the broadcast address?
A cross-over cable
It is the sum of the costs based on bandwidth
It encourages industry standardization by defining what functions occur at each layer of the model and It divides the network communication process into smaller and simpler components; thus aiding component development - design and troubleshooting
A broadcast address will never be the source address of a frame

50. An administrator would like to configure a switch over a virtual terminal connection from locations outside of the local LAN. Which of the following are required in order for the switch to be configured from a remote location?
HTTPS - SMTP - and TFTP
VTP will allow switches to share VLAN configuration information
The switch must be reachable through a port connected to its management VLAN. and The switch must be configured with an IP address - subnet mask - and default gateway.
It will prevent segment 1's broadcasts from getting to segment 2.