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CCNA Hard

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Which line from the output of the show ip interface command indicates that there is a Layer 1 problem?
Layer 4
A CSU/DSU terminates a digital local loop - A modem terminates an analog local loop - A router is commonly considered a DTE device.
Serial0/1 is down - line protocol is down
To prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched paths.

2. Why is full-duplex Ethernet superior to its single-duplex counterpart?
Buffering - Cut-through - and Congestion avoidance
It operates without collisions and It provides faster data transfer
Half-duplex Ethernet uses a loopback circuit to detect collisions. and Full-duplex Ethernet makes use of two pairs of wires for data.
Switches increase the number of collision domains in the network.

3. As a CCNA candidate - you will be expected to know the OSI model very well. Which of the following are associated with the application layer (layer 7) of the OSI model?
Path selections and Packet switching.
Telnet and FTP
To prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched paths.
A CSU/DSU terminates a digital local loop - A modem terminates an analog local loop - A router is commonly considered a DTE device.

4. When comparing and contrasting the similarities and differences between bridges and switches - which of the following are valid statements?
Increased latency and Filtering of all frame errors
SMTP FTP and HTTP
802.3ab and 802.3z
A switch is a multiport bridge and Bridges and switches learn Mac addresses by examining the source MAC address of each frame received.

5. Which OSI layer header contains the address of a destination host that is on another network?
Congestion avoidance - Windowing and Buffering
Physical Layer and Datalink Layer
Network
It operates without collisions and It provides faster data transfer

6. The Certkiller network administrator issues the ping 192.168.2.5 command and successfully tests connectivity to a host that has been newly connected to the network. Which protocols were used during the test?
To obtain the IP address of a connected device in order to telnet to the device - To verify Layer 2 connectivity between two devices when Layer 3 fails.
Show cdp neighbor detail
Auto - Desirable - and On
ARP and ICMP

7. While troubleshooting a network connectivity problem - a Certkiller technician observes steady link lights on both the workstation NIC and the switch port to which the workstation is connected. However - when the ping command is issued from the works
Allowing simultaneous frame transmissions and filtering frames based on MAC addresses
A CSU/DSU terminates a digital local loop - A modem terminates an analog local loop - A router is commonly considered a DTE device.
Half-duplex Ethernet operates in a shared collision domain. and Half-duplex Ethernet has lower effective throughput.
The network layer

8. The Certkiller network administrator wants to use a router named CK1 to segment the local network. What are some of the advantages of using CK1 to segment the network? (Choose two)
Source Port - Acknowledgment Number - and Window
It provides a mechanism for the receiver to control the transmission speed - You have just installed a new web server on the Certkiller network. You are required to ensure that the web server is accessible from the Internet. The network uses private
Filtering can occur based on Layer 3 information and Broadcasts are not forwarded across the router
It operates without collisions and It provides faster data transfer

9. when files are transferred between a host and an FTP server - the data is divided into smaller pieces of transmission. As these pieces arrive at the destination host they must be reassembled to reconstruct the original file. What provides for the rea
Allowing simultaneous frame transmissions and filtering frames based on MAC addresses
Data link
The sequence number in the TCP header.
Duplex mismatch

10. A network administrator needs to force a high-performance switch that is located in the MDF to become the root bridge for a redundant path switched network. What can be done to ensure that this switch assumes the role of the Root Bridge?
The switch receives the complete frame before beginning to forward it. and Latency through the switch varies with frame length
In an improperly implemented redundant topology
Show arp and Show interface
Configure the switch so that it has a lower priority than other switches in the network.

11. You are experiencing intermittent issues relating to congestion within the Certkiller network. What are the possible causes of congestion on this LAN?
All switch and bridge ports are in either the forwarding or blocking state.
A broadcast address will never be the source address of a frame
VTP will allow switches to share VLAN configuration information
A broadcast domain with too many hosts - Broadcast storms - and Low bandwidth

12. A receiving host has failed to receive all of the segments that it should acknowledge. What can the host do to improve the reliability of this communication session?
Application
Configure the switch so that it has a lower priority than other switches in the network.
Decrease the window size.
The system is malfunctioning.

13. With regard to Ethernet media access methods - which of the following are true?
Physical Layer and Datalink Layer
Half-duplex Ethernet operates in a shared collision domain. and Half-duplex Ethernet has lower effective throughput.
A device listens and waits until the media is not busy before transmitting. and All devices on an Ethernet segment see data that passes on the network medium.
Too many hosts in a broadcast domain - Broadcast storms and Low bandwidth

14. What are two characteristics of 'store and forward' switching?
VLAN and Swtich
Data link
Increased latency and Filtering of all frame errors
The switch receives the complete frame before beginning to forward it. and Latency through the switch varies with frame length

15. A Certkiller technician is troubleshooting connectivity problems between two routers that are directly connected through the serial line. The technician notices that the serial line is up but cannot see any neighbors displayed in the output of the sh
Decrease the window size.
The system is malfunctioning.
Data link
A broadcast address will never be the source address of a frame

16. What is the purpose of the spanning-tree algorithm in a switched LAN?
A switch is a multiport bridge and Bridges and switches learn Mac addresses by examining the source MAC address of each frame received.
To prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched paths.
Congestion avoidance - Windowing and Buffering
Fiber optic cable.

17. Two buildings on the London campus of a CK corporation must be connected to use Ethernet with a bandwidth of at least 100 Mbps. CK is concerned about possible problems from voltage potential differences between the two buldings. Which media type shou
Fiber optic cable.
Switches increase the number of collision domains in the network.
VTP
Switches increase the number of collision domains in the network.

18. Which protocol uses TCP port 443 at layer 4?
It will prevent segment 1's broadcasts from getting to segment 2.
HTTPS
Half-duplex Ethernet uses a loopback circuit to detect collisions. and Full-duplex Ethernet makes use of two pairs of wires for data.
Path selections and Packet switching.

19. You want to influence the root bridge selection within the Certkiller LAN. Which two values are used by spanning tree protocol to elect a root bridge? (Choose two.)
Half-duplex Ethernet uses a loopback circuit to detect collisions. and Full-duplex Ethernet makes use of two pairs of wires for data.
Half-duplex Ethernet operates in a shared collision domain. and Half-duplex Ethernet has lower effective throughput.
MAC Address and Bridge Priority
Show cdp neighbor detail

20. Acknowledgements - sequencing - and flow control are functions that are handled by which layer of the OSI model?
Layer 4
In a CSMA/CD collision domain - stations must wait until the media is not in use before transmitting. and After a collision - all stations run a random backoff algorithm. When the backoff delay period has expired - all stations have equal priority to
Congestion avoidance - Windowing and Buffering
Decrease the window size.

21. Certkiller has implemented the use of the Virtual Trunking Protocol (VTP). Which statement below accurately describes a benefit of doing this?
Port security
An electrical pulse indicates that the collision has cleared.
CertK Switch(config)# ip default-gateway 192.168.1.115
VTP will allow switches to share VLAN configuration information

22. As a CCNA candidate - you must know the various layers of the OSI model. At which layers of the OSI model do Wide Area Networks operate in?
It is the sum of the costs based on bandwidth
The switch receives the complete frame before beginning to forward it. and Latency through the switch varies with frame length
Physical Layer and Datalink Layer
It is used to prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched routes.

23. What are the switch and bridge port characteristics of a layer two spanning-tree network that is fully converged?
All switch and bridge ports are in either the forwarding or blocking state.
The system is malfunctioning.
Buffering - Cut-through - and Congestion avoidance
CertK Switch(config)# ip default-gateway 192.168.1.115

24. A Certkiller switch is configured with all ports assigned to VLAN 2. In addition - all ports are configured as full-duplex FastEthernet. What is the effect of adding switch ports to a new VLAN on this switch?
A cross-over cable
Duplex mismatch
UDP will pass the information in the datagrams up to the next OSI layer in the order that they arrive.
An additional broadcast domain will be created.

25. You unsuccessfully try to ping the Internet from the PC host on the LAN. During the troubleshooting process - you enter the 'show ip nat translations' command but the output is blank. What is the most likely cause of the problem?
A jam signal informs all devices that a collision occurred. - The devices that are involved in the collision stops transmitting for a short time. and The collision invokes a random back-off algorithm.
The interfaces must be configured for NAT.
In an improperly implemented redundant topology
The switch that will share the VLAN information must be in the VTP Server mode. -The switches must be in the same VTP domain. - The switches must be configured to use the same STP version. and The switches must be connected over VLAN trunks.

26. Which of the following correctly describe steps in the OSI date encapsulation process?
To obtain the IP address of a connected device in order to telnet to the device - To verify Layer 2 connectivity between two devices when Layer 3 fails.
Too many hosts in a broadcast domain - Broadcast storms and Low bandwidth
The transport layer divides a data stream into segments and adds reliability and flow control information. Packets are created when the network layer adds Layer 3 addresses and control information to a segment.
An additional broadcast domain will be created.

27. ICMP is often used in troubleshooting and verifying network. What statements are true regarding ICMP packets?
They can provide hosts with information about network problems. and They are encapsulated within IP datagrams.
Layer 4
VTP will allow switches to share VLAN configuration information
Sequence number - Window size - and Acknowledgment number

28. A Certkiller Ethernet switch receives a unicast frame with a destination MAC that IS listed in the switch table. What will this switch do with the frame?
The switch will forward the frame to a specific port
The host network card and the switch port must be capable of operating in full-duplex mode. - There are no collisions in full-duplex mode. and A dedicated switch port is required for each full-duplex node.
A broadcast domain with too many hosts - Broadcast storms - and Low bandwidth
Data link

29. You need to perform some initial configuration tasks on a new Certkiller switch. What are the possible trunking modes for this switch port?
This is an Ethernet port operating at half duplex
In an improperly implemented redundant topology
Auto - On - and Desirable
Serial0/1 is down - line protocol is down

30. Which of the following commands would be applied to a WAN interface - but not on LAN Interface?
Encapsulations PPP and authentication CHAP
Increased latency and Filtering of all frame errors
The system is malfunctioning.
In a CSMA/CD collision domain - stations must wait until the media is not in use before transmitting. and After a collision - all stations run a random backoff algorithm. When the backoff delay period has expired - all stations have equal priority to

31. You need to configure two Certkiller switches to exchange VLAN information. Which protocol provides a method of sharing VLAN configuration information between these two switches?
VTP
Network
To obtain the IP address of a connected device in order to telnet to the device - To verify Layer 2 connectivity between two devices when Layer 3 fails.
Certkiller B > trace

32. Which of the following are types of flow control?
Buffering - Cut-through - and Congestion avoidance
All switch and bridge ports are in either the forwarding or blocking state.
Information about a route should never be sent back in the direction from which the original update came.
A device listens and waits until the media is not busy before transmitting. and All devices on an Ethernet segment see data that passes on the network medium.

33. Which of following VLAN frame encapsulation types are configurable on a Cisco switch?
It provides a mechanism for the receiver to control the transmission speed - You have just installed a new web server on the Certkiller network. You are required to ensure that the web server is accessible from the Internet. The network uses private
802.1Q and ISL
Switches increase the number of collision domains in the network.
The switch must be reachable through a port connected to its management VLAN. and The switch must be configured with an IP address - subnet mask - and default gateway.

34. Assuming you build networks to exact specifications - What is the recommended maximum length a 10BaseT cable can be before it has to be segmented or repeated?
100 meters
Half-duplex Ethernet operates in a shared collision domain. and Half-duplex Ethernet has lower effective throughput.
Application
Switches usually have a higher number of ports then most bridges - Both bridges and switches forward Layer 2 broadcasts and Both bridges and switches make forwarding decisions based on Layer 2 addresses.

35. Some of the older Certkiller switches store the entire frame before forwarding it to the destination. What are two effects on network performance of configuring a switch to do this?
To allow remote management of the switch.
In a CSMA/CD collision domain - stations must wait until the media is not in use before transmitting. and After a collision - all stations run a random backoff algorithm. When the backoff delay period has expired - all stations have equal priority to
Increased latency and Filtering of all frame errors
UDP will pass the information in the datagrams up to the next OSI layer in the order that they arrive.

36. Which three statements are true about the operation of a full-duplex Ethernet network - which is being used in the Certkiller LAN?
The host network card and the switch port must be capable of operating in full-duplex mode. - There are no collisions in full-duplex mode. and A dedicated switch port is required for each full-duplex node.
Packet switching - Packet filtering and Internetwork communication.
STP
The switch receives the complete frame before beginning to forward it. and Latency through the switch varies with frame length

37. Which OSI layer is associated with the following: The acknowledgment of transmissions - sequencing - and flow control across a network?
Layer 4
HTTPS
Serial0/1 is down - line protocol is down
MAC Address and Bridge Priority

38. Which of the protocols below use TCP at the transport layer?
Path selections and Packet switching.
It is used to prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched routes.
The network layer
SMTP - FTP - HTTP - and HTTPS

39. The LAN needs are expanding at the CK corporate office - which is quickly growing. You are instructed to enlarge the area covered by a single LAN segment on the CK network. Which of the following are layer 1 devices that you can use?
A CSU/DSU terminates a digital local loop - A modem terminates an analog local loop - A router is commonly considered a DTE device.
A hub and A repeater.
Switches - Bridges - and Routers
To obtain the IP address of a connected device in order to telnet to the device - To verify Layer 2 connectivity between two devices when Layer 3 fails.

40. Which of the following statements correctly describe the differences between half-duplex and full-duplex Ethernet?
Application
Half-duplex Ethernet uses a loopback circuit to detect collisions. and Full-duplex Ethernet makes use of two pairs of wires for data.
Network
Too many hosts in a broadcast domain - Broadcast storms and Low bandwidth

41. The Certkiller network administrator needs to a switch named CK1 to become the root bridge for a redundant path switched network. What can be done to ensure that CK1 will always assume the role as the root bridge?
VTP will allow switches to share VLAN configuration information
An electrical pulse indicates that the collision has cleared.
Configure the switch so that it has lower priority than other switches in the network
The switch receives the complete frame before beginning to forward it. and Latency through the switch varies with frame length

42. What is the IEEE standard associated with Gigabit Ethernet?
They can provide hosts with information about network problems. and They are encapsulated within IP datagrams.
802.3ab and 802.3z
It provides a mechanism for the receiver to control the transmission speed - You have just installed a new web server on the Certkiller network. You are required to ensure that the web server is accessible from the Internet. The network uses private
This is an Ethernet port operating at half duplex

43. The corporate head office of Certkiller has a teleconferencing system that uses VOIP (voice over IP) technology. This system uses UDP as the transport for the data transmissions. If these UDP datagrams arrive at their destination out of sequence - wh
Filtering can occur based on Layer 3 information and Broadcasts are not forwarded across the router
STP
UDP will pass the information in the datagrams up to the next OSI layer in the order that they arrive.
The Bridgeg ID and The bridge priority

44. CK1 is a switch in the Certkiller network. Why will CK1 never learn the broadcast address?
Fiber optic cable.
Switches increase the number of collision domains in the network.
Switches usually have a higher number of ports then most bridges - Both bridges and switches forward Layer 2 broadcasts and Both bridges and switches make forwarding decisions based on Layer 2 addresses.
A broadcast address will never be the source address of a frame

45. Certkiller users have noticed extremely slow network performance - intermittent connectivity - and connection losses. After entering the 'show interfaces' command - you notice that the Ethernet interface is configured as 100 Mbps full-duplex and that
Congestion avoidance - Windowing and Buffering
Duplex mismatch
Fiber optic cable.
VTP will allow switches to share VLAN configuration information

46. Which of the following devices can the Certkiller network administrator use to segment the LAN?
The system is malfunctioning.
Switches - Bridges - and Routers
Duplex mismatch
Layer 4

47. Two stations on the Certkiller LAN transmit at the same time - resulting in a collision. What happens when a collision occurs on the network?
Full-duplex Ethernet can provide higher throughout than can half-duplex Ethernet of the same bandwidth
A broadcast domain with too many hosts - Broadcast storms - and Low bandwidth
Decrease the window size.
A jam signal informs all devices that a collision occurred. - The devices that are involved in the collision stops transmitting for a short time. and The collision invokes a random back-off algorithm.

48. CDP is being used trhoughout the CK network. What are two reasons why the CK network administrator would use CDP?
It encourages industry standardization by defining what functions occur at each layer of the model and It divides the network communication process into smaller and simpler components; thus aiding component development - design and troubleshooting
Auto - Desirable - and On
In an improperly implemented redundant topology
To obtain the IP address of a connected device in order to telnet to the device - To verify Layer 2 connectivity between two devices when Layer 3 fails.

49. CDP is running between two CK devices. What information is supplied by CDP?
Device Identifiers - Capabilities list - Platform
The sequence number in the TCP header.
The switch that will share the VLAN information must be in the VTP Server mode. -The switches must be in the same VTP domain. - The switches must be configured to use the same STP version. and The switches must be connected over VLAN trunks.
Learning - Listening - and Forwarding

50. Which layer of the OSI reference model is responsible for ensuring reliable end to end delivery of data?
Network
The host network card and the switch port must be capable of operating in full-duplex mode. - There are no collisions in full-duplex mode. and A dedicated switch port is required for each full-duplex node.
The network layer
Transport

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