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CCNA Hard

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. You download a file from an FTP site on the Internet. What is the highest layer in the OSI model used in this FTP operations?
The switch receives the complete frame before beginning to forward it. and Latency through the switch varies with frame length
Duplex mismatch
Application
Data link

2. Which layer of the OSI reference model is responsible for ensuring reliable end to end delivery of data?
Transport
MAC Address and Bridge Priority
A hub and A repeater.
CertK Switch(config)# ip default-gateway 192.168.1.115

3. Which two of the following values does STP take into consideration when it elects the root bridge?
The Bridgeg ID and The bridge priority
The sequence number in the TCP header.
802.3ab and 802.3z
Half-duplex Ethernet operates in a shared collision domain. and Half-duplex Ethernet has lower effective throughput.

4. The Certkiller network administrator wants to use a router named CK1 to segment the local network. What are some of the advantages of using CK1 to segment the network? (Choose two)
HTTPS
The transport layer divides a data stream into segments and adds reliability and flow control information. Packets are created when the network layer adds Layer 3 addresses and control information to a segment.
In an improperly implemented redundant topology
Filtering can occur based on Layer 3 information and Broadcasts are not forwarded across the router

5. Both the switches and hubs are being utilized within the CK network. Which of the following is true regarding the use of switches and hubs for the network connectivity in this network?
Switches increase the number of collision domains in the network.
Congestion avoidance - Windowing and Buffering
It will prevent segment 1's broadcasts from getting to segment 2.
This is an Ethernet port operating at half duplex

6. Which OSI layer header contains the address of a destination host that is on another network?
ARP and ICMP
Network
The Bridgeg ID and The bridge priority
SMTP - FTP - HTTP - and HTTPS

7. An administrator would like to configure a switch over a virtual terminal connection from locations outside of the local LAN. Which of the following are required in order for the switch to be configured from a remote location?
SMTP FTP and HTTP
Transport
The switch must be reachable through a port connected to its management VLAN. and The switch must be configured with an IP address - subnet mask - and default gateway.
Filtering can occur based on Layer 3 information and Broadcasts are not forwarded across the router

8. What are two characteristics of 'store and forward' switching?
A broadcast domain with too many hosts - Broadcast storms - and Low bandwidth
They can provide hosts with information about network problems. and They are encapsulated within IP datagrams.
MAC Address and Bridge Priority
The switch receives the complete frame before beginning to forward it. and Latency through the switch varies with frame length

9. Which of the following are spanning tree port states?
Hosts use a logical bus topology
Sequence number - Window size - and Acknowledgment number
Physical Layer and Datalink Layer
Learning - Listening - and Forwarding

10. The LAN needs are expanding at the CK corporate office - which is quickly growing. You are instructed to enlarge the area covered by a single LAN segment on the CK network. Which of the following are layer 1 devices that you can use?
A hub and A repeater.
Path selections and Packet switching.
Decrease the window size.
A jam signal informs all devices that a collision occurred. - The devices that are involved in the collision stops transmitting for a short time. and The collision invokes a random back-off algorithm.

11. The CK network administrator needs to determine what LAN devices to install on the CK network. What are two advantages of using Layer 2 Ethernet switches over hubs?
Layer 4
VLAN and Swtich
Allowing simultaneous frame transmissions and filtering frames based on MAC addresses
Duplex mismatch

12. You need to configure two Certkiller switches to exchange VLAN information. Which protocol provides a method of sharing VLAN configuration information between these two switches?
Too many hosts in a broadcast domain - Broadcast storms and Low bandwidth
Duplex mismatch
Layer 4
VTP

13. Some of the older Certkiller switches store the entire frame before forwarding it to the destination. What are two effects on network performance of configuring a switch to do this?
They can provide hosts with information about network problems. and They are encapsulated within IP datagrams.
The host network card and the switch port must be capable of operating in full-duplex mode. - There are no collisions in full-duplex mode. and A dedicated switch port is required for each full-duplex node.
The switch will forward the frame to a specific port
Increased latency and Filtering of all frame errors

14. CK1 is a switch in the Certkiller network. Why will CK1 never learn the broadcast address?
Half-duplex Ethernet operates in a shared collision domain. and Half-duplex Ethernet has lower effective throughput.
SMTP FTP and HTTP
Auto - On - and Desirable
A broadcast address will never be the source address of a frame

15. Which of the following statements correctly describe the differences between half-duplex and full-duplex Ethernet?
Half-duplex Ethernet uses a loopback circuit to detect collisions. and Full-duplex Ethernet makes use of two pairs of wires for data.
VLAN and Swtich
The host network card and the switch port must be capable of operating in full-duplex mode. - There are no collisions in full-duplex mode. and A dedicated switch port is required for each full-duplex node.
Certkiller B > trace

16. With regard to Ethernet media access methods - which of the following are true?
VTP will allow switches to share VLAN configuration information
A device listens and waits until the media is not busy before transmitting. and All devices on an Ethernet segment see data that passes on the network medium.
Half-duplex Ethernet uses a loopback circuit to detect collisions. and Full-duplex Ethernet makes use of two pairs of wires for data.
UDP will pass the information in the datagrams up to the next OSI layer in the order that they arrive.

17. Network equipment supporting the use of flow control mechanisms has been recently installed in the CK network. What is the purpose of flow control in a data network?
Show arp and Show interface
It provides a mechanism for the receiver to control the transmission speed - You have just installed a new web server on the Certkiller network. You are required to ensure that the web server is accessible from the Internet. The network uses private
Filtering can occur based on Layer 3 information and Broadcasts are not forwarded across the router
SMTP - FTP - HTTP - and HTTPS

18. By default - which of the following factors determines the spanning-tree path cost?
It is the sum of the costs based on bandwidth
Source Port - Acknowledgment Number - and Window
A broadcast domain with too many hosts - Broadcast storms - and Low bandwidth
Allowing simultaneous frame transmissions and filtering frames based on MAC addresses

19. At which layer of the OSI model does the protocol that provides the information displayed by the 'show cdp neighbors' command operate?
Increased latency and Filtering of all frame errors
It is the sum of the costs based on bandwidth
Path selections and Packet switching.
Data link

20. You need to perform some initial configuration tasks on a new Certkiller switch. What are the possible trunking modes for this switch port?
Configure the switch so that it has lower priority than other switches in the network
The transport layer divides a data stream into segments and adds reliability and flow control information. Packets are created when the network layer adds Layer 3 addresses and control information to a segment.
The switch receives the complete frame before beginning to forward it. and Latency through the switch varies with frame length
Auto - On - and Desirable

21. Which of the protocols below use TCP at the transport layer?
HTTPS
A switch is a multiport bridge and Bridges and switches learn Mac addresses by examining the source MAC address of each frame received.
SMTP - FTP - HTTP - and HTTPS
Show arp and Show interface

22. As a network Admin - you will need to decide on the appropriate network devices to use. Which of the following correctly describes the roles of the devices in a WAN?
Encapsulations PPP and authentication CHAP
A CSU/DSU terminates a digital local loop - A modem terminates an analog local loop - A router is commonly considered a DTE device.
It operates without collisions and It provides faster data transfer
Network

23. You are the administrator of the Certkiller LAN and you have been reviewing error logs of networking devices and notice a large number of errors associated with several MAC addresses. You suspect that some of the errors are being generated by the rou
Show arp and Show interface
Application
Learning - Listening - and Forwarding
Switches usually have a higher number of ports then most bridges - Both bridges and switches forward Layer 2 broadcasts and Both bridges and switches make forwarding decisions based on Layer 2 addresses.

24. A Certkiller switch is configured with all ports assigned to VLAN 2. In addition - all ports are configured as full-duplex FastEthernet. What is the effect of adding switch ports to a new VLAN on this switch?
An additional broadcast domain will be created.
Learning - Listening - and Forwarding
It is used to prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched routes.
CertK Switch(config)# ip default-gateway 192.168.1.115

25. Two stations on the Certkiller LAN transmit at the same time - resulting in a collision. What happens when a collision occurs on the network?
Auto - On - and Desirable
Device Identifiers - Capabilities list - Platform
A jam signal informs all devices that a collision occurred. - The devices that are involved in the collision stops transmitting for a short time. and The collision invokes a random back-off algorithm.
The sequence number in the TCP header.

26. A network administrator needs to force a high-performance switch that is located in the MDF to become the root bridge for a redundant path switched network. What can be done to ensure that this switch assumes the role of the Root Bridge?
802.1Q and ISL
UDP will pass the information in the datagrams up to the next OSI layer in the order that they arrive.
Physical Layer and Datalink Layer
Configure the switch so that it has a lower priority than other switches in the network.

27. The Certkiller network administrator needs to a switch named CK1 to become the root bridge for a redundant path switched network. What can be done to ensure that CK1 will always assume the role as the root bridge?
A broadcast address will never be the source address of a frame
Full-duplex Ethernet can provide higher throughput than can half-duplex Ethernet of the same bandwidth
Configure the switch so that it has lower priority than other switches in the network
UDP will pass the information in the datagrams up to the next OSI layer in the order that they arrive.

28. Although TCP segments are similar to UDP segments - TCP packets contains some additional fields. Which of the following are found in a TCP header - but not in a UDP header?
The host network card and the switch port must be capable of operating in full-duplex mode. - There are no collisions in full-duplex mode. and A dedicated switch port is required for each full-duplex node.
Sequence number - Window size - and Acknowledgment number
Switches usually have a higher number of ports then most bridges - Both bridges and switches forward Layer 2 broadcasts and Both bridges and switches make forwarding decisions based on Layer 2 addresses.
UDP will pass the information in the datagrams up to the next OSI layer in the order that they arrive.

29. What is the purpose of the spanning-tree algorithm in a switched LAN?
Layer 4
Duplex mismatch
To prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched paths.
Switches increase the number of collision domains in the network.

30. A receiving host has failed to receive all of the segments that it should acknowledge. What can the host do to improve the reliability of this communication session?
Decrease the window size.
Congestion avoidance - Windowing and Buffering
Certkiller B > trace
MAC Address and Bridge Priority

31. A host computer has been correctly configured with a static IP address - but the default gateway is incorrectly set. Which layer of the OSI model will be first effected by this configuration error?
Layer 3
An additional broadcast domain will be created.
Application
It is used to prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched routes.

32. As a CCNA candidate - you will be expected to know the OSI model very well. Which of the following are associated with the application layer (layer 7) of the OSI model?
An electrical pulse indicates that the collision has cleared.
MAC Address and Bridge Priority
It provides a mechanism for the receiver to control the transmission speed - You have just installed a new web server on the Certkiller network. You are required to ensure that the web server is accessible from the Internet. The network uses private
Telnet and FTP

33. The Certkiller corporate LAN consists of one large flat network. You decide to segment this LAN into two separate networks with a router. What will be the affect of this change?

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34. Both bridges are switches are being used throughout the CK LAN. Which of the following statements are true regarding bridges and switches in this network?
CertK Switch(config)# ip default-gateway 192.168.1.115
Half-duplex Ethernet operates in a shared collision domain. and Half-duplex Ethernet has lower effective throughput.
A broadcast domain with too many hosts - Broadcast storms - and Low bandwidth
Switches usually have a higher number of ports then most bridges - Both bridges and switches forward Layer 2 broadcasts and Both bridges and switches make forwarding decisions based on Layer 2 addresses.

35. What are the switch and bridge port characteristics of a layer two spanning-tree network that is fully converged?
UDP will pass the information in the datagrams up to the next OSI layer in the order that they arrive.
All switch and bridge ports are in either the forwarding or blocking state.
Layer 4
Auto - Desirable - and On

36. A network administrator wants to control which user hosts can access the network based on their MAC address. What will prevent workstations with unauthorized MAC addresses from connecting to the network through a switch?
Certkiller B > trace
Packet switching - Packet filtering and Internetwork communication.
Port security
All switch and bridge ports are in either the forwarding or blocking state.

37. You need to perform some initial configuration tasks on a new Certkiller switch. What is the purpose of assigning an IP address to a switch?
The switch that will share the VLAN information must be in the VTP Server mode. -The switches must be in the same VTP domain. - The switches must be configured to use the same STP version. and The switches must be connected over VLAN trunks.
An additional broadcast domain will be created.
Application
To allow remote management of the switch.

38. Which three of the protocols below belong to the application layer? (Select three answer choices)
100 meters
Full-duplex Ethernet can provide higher throughout than can half-duplex Ethernet of the same bandwidth
A device listens and waits until the media is not busy before transmitting. and All devices on an Ethernet segment see data that passes on the network medium.
HTTPS - SMTP - and TFTP

39. As a CCNA candidate - you must know the various layers of the OSI model. At which layers of the OSI model do Wide Area Networks operate in?
Layer 4
100 meters
A CSU/DSU terminates a digital local loop - A modem terminates an analog local loop - A router is commonly considered a DTE device.
Physical Layer and Datalink Layer

40. In which circumstance are multiple copies of the same unicast frame likely to be transmitted in the Certkiller Switched LAN?
Switches - Bridges - and Routers
A hub and A repeater.
In an improperly implemented redundant topology
Information about a route should never be sent back in the direction from which the original update came.

41. Which of the following commands would be applied to a WAN interface - but not on LAN Interface?
Encapsulations PPP and authentication CHAP
The network layer
VTP
A CSU/DSU terminates a digital local loop - A modem terminates an analog local loop - A router is commonly considered a DTE device.

42. You want to upgrade the Certkiller LAN so that all ports operate in full duplex mode. Which statement is true about full-duplex Ethernet when comparing to half-duplex Ethernet?
Decrease the window size.
It will prevent segment 1's broadcasts from getting to segment 2.
Full-duplex Ethernet can provide higher throughput than can half-duplex Ethernet of the same bandwidth
TCP

43. While troubleshooting a connectivity problem - the Certkiller network administrator notices that a port status LED on a Cisco Catalyst Series switch is alternating between green and amber. Which condition could this indicate?
Filtering can occur based on Layer 3 information and Broadcasts are not forwarded across the router
The switch will forward the frame to a specific port
Layer 4
The port is experiencing errors

44. Which of the following services use TCP?
The switch receives the complete frame before beginning to forward it. and Latency through the switch varies with frame length
SMTP FTP and HTTP
In an improperly implemented redundant topology
Show arp and Show interface

45. You unsuccessfully try to ping the Internet from the PC host on the LAN. During the troubleshooting process - you enter the 'show ip nat translations' command but the output is blank. What is the most likely cause of the problem?
Transport
A broadcast address will never be the source address of a frame
The interfaces must be configured for NAT.
Duplex mismatch

46. You need to describe the various types of flow control to your co-workers. Which of the following are types of flow control that can be used in a network?
Too many hosts in a broadcast domain - Broadcast storms and Low bandwidth
Congestion avoidance - Windowing and Buffering
It encourages industry standardization by defining what functions occur at each layer of the model and It divides the network communication process into smaller and simpler components; thus aiding component development - design and troubleshooting
A broadcast domain with too many hosts - Broadcast storms - and Low bandwidth

47. Which of following VLAN frame encapsulation types are configurable on a Cisco switch?
802.1Q and ISL
Hosts use a logical bus topology
To allow remote management of the switch.
It is the sum of the costs based on bandwidth

48. Assuming you build networks to exact specifications - What is the recommended maximum length a 10BaseT cable can be before it has to be segmented or repeated?
Data link
100 meters
Serial0/1 is down - line protocol is down
Half-duplex Ethernet uses a loopback circuit to detect collisions. and Full-duplex Ethernet makes use of two pairs of wires for data.

49. You are logged into a router and wish to view the layer 3 information about your neighboring Cisco routers. What IOS command gives layer 3 information for of the directly connected router interfaces?
Application
Show cdp neighbor detail
CertK Switch(config)# ip default-gateway 192.168.1.115
Filtering can occur based on Layer 3 information and Broadcasts are not forwarded across the router

50. Which of the following correctly describe steps in the OSI date encapsulation process?
A jam signal informs all devices that a collision occurred. - The devices that are involved in the collision stops transmitting for a short time. and The collision invokes a random back-off algorithm.
To prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched paths.
The transport layer divides a data stream into segments and adds reliability and flow control information. Packets are created when the network layer adds Layer 3 addresses and control information to a segment.
Full-duplex Ethernet can provide higher throughout than can half-duplex Ethernet of the same bandwidth