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CCNA Hard

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. CDP is being used trhoughout the CK network. What are two reasons why the CK network administrator would use CDP?
Learning - Listening - and Forwarding
To obtain the IP address of a connected device in order to telnet to the device - To verify Layer 2 connectivity between two devices when Layer 3 fails.
Packet switching - Packet filtering and Internetwork communication.
Physical Layer and Datalink Layer

2. CK1 is a switch in the Certkiller network. Why will CK1 never learn the broadcast address?
To prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched paths.
A broadcast address will never be the source address of a frame
Increased latency and Filtering of all frame errors
Port security

3. By default - which of the following factors determines the spanning-tree path cost?
The switch that will share the VLAN information must be in the VTP Server mode. -The switches must be in the same VTP domain. - The switches must be configured to use the same STP version. and The switches must be connected over VLAN trunks.
In an improperly implemented redundant topology
It is the sum of the costs based on bandwidth
The switch will forward the frame to a specific port

4. With regard to Ethernet media access methods - which of the following are true?
Telnet and FTP
Buffering - Cut-through - and Congestion avoidance
A device listens and waits until the media is not busy before transmitting. and All devices on an Ethernet segment see data that passes on the network medium.
A CSU/DSU terminates a digital local loop - A modem terminates an analog local loop - A router is commonly considered a DTE device.

5. You are experiencing intermittent issues relating to congestion within the Certkiller network. What are the possible causes of congestion on this LAN?
100 meters
Switches increase the number of collision domains in the network.
Configure the switch so that it has a lower priority than other switches in the network.
A broadcast domain with too many hosts - Broadcast storms - and Low bandwidth

6. Although TCP segments are similar to UDP segments - TCP packets contains some additional fields. Which of the following are found in a TCP header - but not in a UDP header?
Decrease the window size.
To prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched paths.
Auto - Desirable - and On
Sequence number - Window size - and Acknowledgment number

7. An administrator would like to configure a switch over a virtual terminal connection from locations outside of the local LAN. Which of the following are required in order for the switch to be configured from a remote location?
The interfaces must be configured for NAT.
Full-duplex Ethernet can provide higher throughput than can half-duplex Ethernet of the same bandwidth
The switch must be reachable through a port connected to its management VLAN. and The switch must be configured with an IP address - subnet mask - and default gateway.
It operates without collisions and It provides faster data transfer

8. In which circumstance are multiple copies of the same unicast frame likely to be transmitted in the Certkiller Switched LAN?
A broadcast domain with too many hosts - Broadcast storms - and Low bandwidth
STP
To allow remote management of the switch.
In an improperly implemented redundant topology

9. Which OSI layer is associated with the following: The acknowledgment of transmissions - sequencing - and flow control across a network?
Increased latency and Filtering of all frame errors
Switches increase the number of collision domains in the network.
A device listens and waits until the media is not busy before transmitting. and All devices on an Ethernet segment see data that passes on the network medium.
Layer 4

10. The Certkiller LAN is upgrading all devices to operate in full duplex. Which statement is true about full-duplex Ethernet in comparison to half-duplex Ethernet?
Full-duplex Ethernet can provide higher throughout than can half-duplex Ethernet of the same bandwidth
Decrease the window size.
In a CSMA/CD collision domain - stations must wait until the media is not in use before transmitting. and After a collision - all stations run a random backoff algorithm. When the backoff delay period has expired - all stations have equal priority to
All switch and bridge ports are in either the forwarding or blocking state.

11. when files are transferred between a host and an FTP server - the data is divided into smaller pieces of transmission. As these pieces arrive at the destination host they must be reassembled to reconstruct the original file. What provides for the rea
The switch will forward the frame to a specific port
In a CSMA/CD collision domain - stations must wait until the media is not in use before transmitting. and After a collision - all stations run a random backoff algorithm. When the backoff delay period has expired - all stations have equal priority to
The sequence number in the TCP header.
Show cdp neighbor detail

12. A network administrator wants to control which user hosts can access the network based on their MAC address. What will prevent workstations with unauthorized MAC addresses from connecting to the network through a switch?
It provides a mechanism for the receiver to control the transmission speed - You have just installed a new web server on the Certkiller network. You are required to ensure that the web server is accessible from the Internet. The network uses private
Data link
Port security
In a CSMA/CD collision domain - stations must wait until the media is not in use before transmitting. and After a collision - all stations run a random backoff algorithm. When the backoff delay period has expired - all stations have equal priority to

13. Which of the protocols below use TCP at the transport layer?
CertK Switch(config)# ip default-gateway 192.168.1.115
Path selections and Packet switching.
SMTP - FTP - HTTP - and HTTPS
To obtain the IP address of a connected device in order to telnet to the device - To verify Layer 2 connectivity between two devices when Layer 3 fails.

14. What are the switch and bridge port characteristics of a layer two spanning-tree network that is fully converged?
MAC Address and Bridge Priority
All switch and bridge ports are in either the forwarding or blocking state.
Hosts use a logical bus topology
Information about a route should never be sent back in the direction from which the original update came.

15. While troubleshooting a connectivity problem on the network - you issure the ping command from your PC command prompt - but the output shows 'request times out' At which OSI layer is this problem associated with?
The network layer
Duplex mismatch
Physical Layer and Datalink Layer
Device Identifiers - Capabilities list - Platform

16. As the Certkiller network administrator - you are required to have a firmunderstanding of the OSI model. Why does the data communication industry use the layered OSI reference model?
Sequence number - Window size - and Acknowledgment number
Duplex mismatch
Source Port - Acknowledgment Number - and Window
It encourages industry standardization by defining what functions occur at each layer of the model and It divides the network communication process into smaller and simpler components; thus aiding component development - design and troubleshooting

17. As a CCNA candidate - you will be expected to know the OSI model very well. Which of the following are associated with the application layer (layer 7) of the OSI model?
Show arp and Show interface
Configure the switch so that it has lower priority than other switches in the network
Telnet and FTP
VLAN and Swtich

18. When you compare the differences between half-duplex and full-duplex Ethernet - which of the following characteristics are exclusive to half-duplex?
Half-duplex Ethernet operates in a shared collision domain. and Half-duplex Ethernet has lower effective throughput.
Source Port - Acknowledgment Number - and Window
Half-duplex Ethernet uses a loopback circuit to detect collisions. and Full-duplex Ethernet makes use of two pairs of wires for data.
Device Identifiers - Capabilities list - Platform

19. You want to influence the root bridge selection within the Certkiller LAN. Which two values are used by spanning tree protocol to elect a root bridge? (Choose two.)
MAC Address and Bridge Priority
Increased latency and Filtering of all frame errors
Serial0/1 is down - line protocol is down
Congestion avoidance - Windowing and Buffering

20. As a CCNA candidate - you must know the various layers of the OSI model. At which layers of the OSI model do Wide Area Networks operate in?
The switch that will share the VLAN information must be in the VTP Server mode. -The switches must be in the same VTP domain. - The switches must be configured to use the same STP version. and The switches must be connected over VLAN trunks.
Serial0/1 is down - line protocol is down
This is an Ethernet port operating at half duplex
Physical Layer and Datalink Layer

21. A receiving host has failed to receive all of the segments that it should acknowledge. What can the host do to improve the reliability of this communication session?
Switches increase the number of collision domains in the network.
Decrease the window size.
A broadcast address will never be the source address of a frame
A switch is a multiport bridge and Bridges and switches learn Mac addresses by examining the source MAC address of each frame received.

22. Which of the following devices can the Certkiller network administrator use to segment the LAN?
Switches - Bridges - and Routers
The system is malfunctioning.
Too many hosts in a broadcast domain - Broadcast storms and Low bandwidth
Information about a route should never be sent back in the direction from which the original update came.

23. You download a file from an FTP site on the Internet. What is the highest layer in the OSI model used in this FTP operations?
An electrical pulse indicates that the collision has cleared.
They can provide hosts with information about network problems. and They are encapsulated within IP datagrams.
Application
The network layer

24. The Certkiller network administrator wants to use a router named CK1 to segment the local network. What are some of the advantages of using CK1 to segment the network? (Choose two)
A CSU/DSU terminates a digital local loop - A modem terminates an analog local loop - A router is commonly considered a DTE device.
Filtering can occur based on Layer 3 information and Broadcasts are not forwarded across the router
The switch receives the complete frame before beginning to forward it. and Latency through the switch varies with frame length
It is the sum of the costs based on bandwidth

25. You are the administrator of the Certkiller LAN and you have been reviewing error logs of networking devices and notice a large number of errors associated with several MAC addresses. You suspect that some of the errors are being generated by the rou
The switch must be reachable through a port connected to its management VLAN. and The switch must be configured with an IP address - subnet mask - and default gateway.
Congestion avoidance - Windowing and Buffering
VTP will allow switches to share VLAN configuration information
Show arp and Show interface

26. ICMP is often used in troubleshooting and verifying network. What statements are true regarding ICMP packets?
VTP
The Bridgeg ID and The bridge priority
They can provide hosts with information about network problems. and They are encapsulated within IP datagrams.
It is the sum of the costs based on bandwidth

27. Which of following VLAN frame encapsulation types are configurable on a Cisco switch?
It is the sum of the costs based on bandwidth
Application
802.1Q and ISL
Source Port - Acknowledgment Number - and Window

28. Which of the following correctly describe steps in the OSI date encapsulation process?
A broadcast address will never be the source address of a frame
The transport layer divides a data stream into segments and adds reliability and flow control information. Packets are created when the network layer adds Layer 3 addresses and control information to a segment.
This is an Ethernet port operating at half duplex
They can provide hosts with information about network problems. and They are encapsulated within IP datagrams.

29. Two buildings on the London campus of a CK corporation must be connected to use Ethernet with a bandwidth of at least 100 Mbps. CK is concerned about possible problems from voltage potential differences between the two buldings. Which media type shou
It is the sum of the costs based on bandwidth
Fiber optic cable.
A device listens and waits until the media is not busy before transmitting. and All devices on an Ethernet segment see data that passes on the network medium.
The Bridgeg ID and The bridge priority

30. Which of the following are types of flow control?
Duplex mismatch
A jam signal informs all devices that a collision occurred. - The devices that are involved in the collision stops transmitting for a short time. and The collision invokes a random back-off algorithm.
Data link
Buffering - Cut-through - and Congestion avoidance

31. Which of the following are spanning tree port states?
Learning - Listening - and Forwarding
The network layer
Network
The interfaces must be configured for NAT.

32. You need to describe the various types of flow control to your co-workers. Which of the following are types of flow control that can be used in a network?
Congestion avoidance - Windowing and Buffering
The network layer
In a CSMA/CD collision domain - stations must wait until the media is not in use before transmitting. and After a collision - all stations run a random backoff algorithm. When the backoff delay period has expired - all stations have equal priority to
The host network card and the switch port must be capable of operating in full-duplex mode. - There are no collisions in full-duplex mode. and A dedicated switch port is required for each full-duplex node.

33. You need to configure two Certkiller switches to exchange VLAN information. Which protocol provides a method of sharing VLAN configuration information between these two switches?
The network layer
Switches usually have a higher number of ports then most bridges - Both bridges and switches forward Layer 2 broadcasts and Both bridges and switches make forwarding decisions based on Layer 2 addresses.
Congestion avoidance - Windowing and Buffering
VTP

34. Which three of the protocols below belong to the application layer? (Select three answer choices)
Hosts use a logical bus topology
An electrical pulse indicates that the collision has cleared.
802.3ab and 802.3z
HTTPS - SMTP - and TFTP

35. Which of the protocols below - operates at Layer 2 of the OSI model - and is used to maintain a loop-free network?
STP
In a CSMA/CD collision domain - stations must wait until the media is not in use before transmitting. and After a collision - all stations run a random backoff algorithm. When the backoff delay period has expired - all stations have equal priority to
Layer 4
It is the sum of the costs based on bandwidth

36. The Certkiller corporate LAN consists of one large flat network. You decide to segment this LAN into two separate networks with a router. What will be the affect of this change?

37. Which of the following correctly describe the various functions and virtues of a router?
Packet switching - Packet filtering and Internetwork communication.
The port is experiencing errors
Layer 4
Show arp and Show interface

38. When comparing and contrasting the similarities and differences between bridges and switches - which of the following are valid statements?
A switch is a multiport bridge and Bridges and switches learn Mac addresses by examining the source MAC address of each frame received.
CertK Switch(config)# ip default-gateway 192.168.1.115
Layer 3
Serial0/1 is down - line protocol is down

39. Two stations on the Certkiller LAN transmit at the same time - resulting in a collision. What happens when a collision occurs on the network?
Network
Duplex mismatch
Auto - On - and Desirable
A jam signal informs all devices that a collision occurred. - The devices that are involved in the collision stops transmitting for a short time. and The collision invokes a random back-off algorithm.

40. The Certkiller network administrator needs to a switch named CK1 to become the root bridge for a redundant path switched network. What can be done to ensure that CK1 will always assume the role as the root bridge?
Configure the switch so that it has lower priority than other switches in the network
The network layer
The switch must be reachable through a port connected to its management VLAN. and The switch must be configured with an IP address - subnet mask - and default gateway.
A CSU/DSU terminates a digital local loop - A modem terminates an analog local loop - A router is commonly considered a DTE device.

41. What is the IEEE standard associated with Gigabit Ethernet?
Physical Layer and Datalink Layer
802.3ab and 802.3z
Application
Too many hosts in a broadcast domain - Broadcast storms and Low bandwidth

42. Which of the following are true of Ethernet technology?
The host network card and the switch port must be capable of operating in full-duplex mode. - There are no collisions in full-duplex mode. and A dedicated switch port is required for each full-duplex node.
Sequence number - Window size - and Acknowledgment number
UDP will pass the information in the datagrams up to the next OSI layer in the order that they arrive.
Hosts use a logical bus topology

43. CDP is running between two CK devices. What information is supplied by CDP?
Path selections and Packet switching.
Half-duplex Ethernet operates in a shared collision domain. and Half-duplex Ethernet has lower effective throughput.
Transport
Device Identifiers - Capabilities list - Platform

44. Which IOS user EXEC command will allow a network technician to determine which router in the path to an unreachable network host should be examined more closely for the cause of the network failure?
Show arp and Show interface
Certkiller B > trace
Path selections and Packet switching.
To prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched paths.

45. Which OSI layer header contains the address of a destination host that is on another network?
Network
Serial0/1 is down - line protocol is down
TCP
Application

46. The corporate head office of Certkiller has a teleconferencing system that uses VOIP (voice over IP) technology. This system uses UDP as the transport for the data transmissions. If these UDP datagrams arrive at their destination out of sequence - wh
The switch receives the complete frame before beginning to forward it. and Latency through the switch varies with frame length
Application
UDP will pass the information in the datagrams up to the next OSI layer in the order that they arrive.
Source Port - Acknowledgment Number - and Window

47. You unsuccessfully try to ping the Internet from the PC host on the LAN. During the troubleshooting process - you enter the 'show ip nat translations' command but the output is blank. What is the most likely cause of the problem?
VLAN and Swtich
To prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched paths.
Path selections and Packet switching.
The interfaces must be configured for NAT.

48. Acknowledgements - sequencing - and flow control are functions that are handled by which layer of the OSI model?
HTTPS - SMTP - and TFTP
Layer 4
MAC Address and Bridge Priority
It is used to prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched routes.

49. Which one of the following characterisitcs is true regardigin the use of the hubs and switches?
It will prevent segment 1's broadcasts from getting to segment 2.
It encourages industry standardization by defining what functions occur at each layer of the model and It divides the network communication process into smaller and simpler components; thus aiding component development - design and troubleshooting
Switches increase the number of collision domains in the network.
Configure the switch so that it has a lower priority than other switches in the network.

50. Which of the following commands would be applied to a WAN interface - but not on LAN Interface?
The switch that will share the VLAN information must be in the VTP Server mode. -The switches must be in the same VTP domain. - The switches must be configured to use the same STP version. and The switches must be connected over VLAN trunks.
802.3ab and 802.3z
Encapsulations PPP and authentication CHAP
Packet switching - Packet filtering and Internetwork communication.