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CCNA Hard

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the IEEE standard associated with Gigabit Ethernet?
It encourages industry standardization by defining what functions occur at each layer of the model and It divides the network communication process into smaller and simpler components; thus aiding component development - design and troubleshooting
802.3ab and 802.3z
HTTPS - SMTP - and TFTP
SMTP FTP and HTTP

2. You want to upgrade the Certkiller LAN so that all ports operate in full duplex mode. Which statement is true about full-duplex Ethernet when comparing to half-duplex Ethernet?
The switch will forward the frame to a specific port
Allowing simultaneous frame transmissions and filtering frames based on MAC addresses
A device listens and waits until the media is not busy before transmitting. and All devices on an Ethernet segment see data that passes on the network medium.
Full-duplex Ethernet can provide higher throughput than can half-duplex Ethernet of the same bandwidth

3. What kind of cable should be used to establish a trunked line between two Catalyst switches?
A cross-over cable
Data link
Configure the switch so that it has lower priority than other switches in the network
A switch is a multiport bridge and Bridges and switches learn Mac addresses by examining the source MAC address of each frame received.

4. At which OSI layer is a logical path created between two host systems named CK1 and CK2 on the Certkiller LAN?
The host network card and the switch port must be capable of operating in full-duplex mode. - There are no collisions in full-duplex mode. and A dedicated switch port is required for each full-duplex node.
Congestion avoidance - Windowing and Buffering
Encapsulations PPP and authentication CHAP
Network

5. As a CCNA candidate - you will be expected to know the OSI model very well. Which of the following are associated with the application layer (layer 7) of the OSI model?
Filtering can occur based on Layer 3 information and Broadcasts are not forwarded across the router
Serial0/1 is down - line protocol is down
Telnet and FTP
STP

6. What are the switch and bridge port characteristics of a layer two spanning-tree network that is fully converged?
Fiber optic cable.
All switch and bridge ports are in either the forwarding or blocking state.
Source Port - Acknowledgment Number - and Window
The port is experiencing errors

7. Two buildings on the London campus of a CK corporation must be connected to use Ethernet with a bandwidth of at least 100 Mbps. CK is concerned about possible problems from voltage potential differences between the two buldings. Which media type shou
Fiber optic cable.
A switch is a multiport bridge and Bridges and switches learn Mac addresses by examining the source MAC address of each frame received.
Switches usually have a higher number of ports then most bridges - Both bridges and switches forward Layer 2 broadcasts and Both bridges and switches make forwarding decisions based on Layer 2 addresses.
ARP and ICMP

8. What are two characteristics of 'store and forward' switching?
Information about a route should never be sent back in the direction from which the original update came.
The switch receives the complete frame before beginning to forward it. and Latency through the switch varies with frame length
The network layer
In an improperly implemented redundant topology

9. Cisco is the leader in the router market space. What basic functions do their routers perform in a network?
Serial0/1 is down - line protocol is down
Path selections and Packet switching.
A jam signal informs all devices that a collision occurred. - The devices that are involved in the collision stops transmitting for a short time. and The collision invokes a random back-off algorithm.
TCP

10. You are logged into a router and wish to view the layer 3 information about your neighboring Cisco routers. What IOS command gives layer 3 information for of the directly connected router interfaces?
Show cdp neighbor detail
The Bridgeg ID and The bridge priority
It is used to prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched routes.
The port is experiencing errors

11. CDP is being used trhoughout the CK network. What are two reasons why the CK network administrator would use CDP?
To obtain the IP address of a connected device in order to telnet to the device - To verify Layer 2 connectivity between two devices when Layer 3 fails.
Too many hosts in a broadcast domain - Broadcast storms and Low bandwidth
Application
Half-duplex Ethernet operates in a shared collision domain. and Half-duplex Ethernet has lower effective throughput.

12. On a half-duplex Ethernet LAN - two hosts attempt to send data simultaneously - resulting in a collision. Following this collision - what will the hosts do?
A jam signal informs all devices that a collision occurred. - The devices that are involved in the collision stops transmitting for a short time. and The collision invokes a random back-off algorithm.
ARP and ICMP
It is the sum of the costs based on bandwidth
An electrical pulse indicates that the collision has cleared.

13. Acknowledgements - sequencing - and flow control are functions that are handled by which layer of the OSI model?
The network layer
Layer 4
Hosts use a logical bus topology
They can provide hosts with information about network problems. and They are encapsulated within IP datagrams.

14. Certkiller is installing IP phones in a new office. The phones and office computers connect to the same device. To ensure maximum throughout for the phone data sessions - the company needs to make sure that the phone traffic is on a different network
VLAN and Swtich
In an improperly implemented redundant topology
Transport
The transport layer divides a data stream into segments and adds reliability and flow control information. Packets are created when the network layer adds Layer 3 addresses and control information to a segment.

15. ICMP is often used in troubleshooting and verifying network. What statements are true regarding ICMP packets?
Half-duplex Ethernet uses a loopback circuit to detect collisions. and Full-duplex Ethernet makes use of two pairs of wires for data.
The interfaces must be configured for NAT.
A switch is a multiport bridge and Bridges and switches learn Mac addresses by examining the source MAC address of each frame received.
They can provide hosts with information about network problems. and They are encapsulated within IP datagrams.

16. A Certkiller technician is troubleshooting connectivity problems between two routers that are directly connected through the serial line. The technician notices that the serial line is up but cannot see any neighbors displayed in the output of the sh
CertK Switch(config)# ip default-gateway 192.168.1.115
Data link
A broadcast domain with too many hosts - Broadcast storms - and Low bandwidth
Filtering can occur based on Layer 3 information and Broadcasts are not forwarded across the router

17. Split horizon has been enabled within the Certkiller routed network. Which one of the following statements best explains the split horizon rule?
They can provide hosts with information about network problems. and They are encapsulated within IP datagrams.
Network
Information about a route should never be sent back in the direction from which the original update came.
Data link

18. The Certkiller network administrator issues the ping 192.168.2.5 command and successfully tests connectivity to a host that has been newly connected to the network. Which protocols were used during the test?
ARP and ICMP
Congestion avoidance - Windowing and Buffering
Path selections and Packet switching.
The network layer

19. The Certkiller corporate LAN consists of one large flat network. You decide to segment this LAN into two separate networks with a router. What will be the affect of this change?

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20. Which layer of the OSI reference model is responsible for ensuring reliable end to end delivery of data?
It provides a mechanism for the receiver to control the transmission speed - You have just installed a new web server on the Certkiller network. You are required to ensure that the web server is accessible from the Internet. The network uses private
Transport
VTP
Network

21. Both bridges are switches are being used throughout the CK LAN. Which of the following statements are true regarding bridges and switches in this network?
Serial0/1 is down - line protocol is down
Switches usually have a higher number of ports then most bridges - Both bridges and switches forward Layer 2 broadcasts and Both bridges and switches make forwarding decisions based on Layer 2 addresses.
Decrease the window size.
The network layer

22. As a CCNA candidate - you must know the various layers of the OSI model. At which layers of the OSI model do Wide Area Networks operate in?
802.3ab and 802.3z
Physical Layer and Datalink Layer
The network layer
Device Identifiers - Capabilities list - Platform

23. Which of the following are spanning tree port states?
Increased latency and Filtering of all frame errors
A jam signal informs all devices that a collision occurred. - The devices that are involved in the collision stops transmitting for a short time. and The collision invokes a random back-off algorithm.
Learning - Listening - and Forwarding
802.1Q and ISL

24. When you compare the differences between half-duplex and full-duplex Ethernet - which of the following characteristics are exclusive to half-duplex?
Configure the switch so that it has lower priority than other switches in the network
TCP
Half-duplex Ethernet operates in a shared collision domain. and Half-duplex Ethernet has lower effective throughput.
Switches usually have a higher number of ports then most bridges - Both bridges and switches forward Layer 2 broadcasts and Both bridges and switches make forwarding decisions based on Layer 2 addresses.

25. You want to influence the root bridge selection within the Certkiller LAN. Which two values are used by spanning tree protocol to elect a root bridge? (Choose two.)
The switch must be reachable through a port connected to its management VLAN. and The switch must be configured with an IP address - subnet mask - and default gateway.
Full-duplex Ethernet can provide higher throughput than can half-duplex Ethernet of the same bandwidth
Increased latency and Filtering of all frame errors
MAC Address and Bridge Priority

26. At which layer of the OSI model does the protocol that provides the information displayed by the 'show cdp neighbors' command operate?
To prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched paths.
Auto - On - and Desirable
Network
Data link

27. Network equipment supporting the use of flow control mechanisms has been recently installed in the CK network. What is the purpose of flow control in a data network?
Physical Layer and Datalink Layer
A jam signal informs all devices that a collision occurred. - The devices that are involved in the collision stops transmitting for a short time. and The collision invokes a random back-off algorithm.
VTP
It provides a mechanism for the receiver to control the transmission speed - You have just installed a new web server on the Certkiller network. You are required to ensure that the web server is accessible from the Internet. The network uses private

28. You have set up an Internet based FTP server - where people can upload and download files. In terms of the OSI model - What is the highest layer used during the FTP sessions.
The switch receives the complete frame before beginning to forward it. and Latency through the switch varies with frame length
Application
Decrease the window size.
802.3ab and 802.3z

29. You unsuccessfully try to ping the Internet from the PC host on the LAN. During the troubleshooting process - you enter the 'show ip nat translations' command but the output is blank. What is the most likely cause of the problem?
The interfaces must be configured for NAT.
Layer 4
The switch must be reachable through a port connected to its management VLAN. and The switch must be configured with an IP address - subnet mask - and default gateway.
MAC Address and Bridge Priority

30. You are the administrator of the Certkiller LAN and you have been reviewing error logs of networking devices and notice a large number of errors associated with several MAC addresses. You suspect that some of the errors are being generated by the rou
Configure the switch so that it has lower priority than other switches in the network
It is used to prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched routes.
This is an Ethernet port operating at half duplex
Show arp and Show interface

31. The CK network administrator needs to determine what LAN devices to install on the CK network. What are two advantages of using Layer 2 Ethernet switches over hubs?
Duplex mismatch
Allowing simultaneous frame transmissions and filtering frames based on MAC addresses
Application
Switches increase the number of collision domains in the network.

32. A new switch is installed in the Certkiller network. This switch is to be configured so that VLAN information will be automatically distributed to all the other Cisco Catalyst switches in the network. Which of the conditions below have to be met in o
A hub and A repeater.
The switch that will share the VLAN information must be in the VTP Server mode. -The switches must be in the same VTP domain. - The switches must be configured to use the same STP version. and The switches must be connected over VLAN trunks.
An additional broadcast domain will be created.
Data link

33. A host computer has been correctly configured with a static IP address - but the default gateway is incorrectly set. Which layer of the OSI model will be first effected by this configuration error?
Allowing simultaneous frame transmissions and filtering frames based on MAC addresses
Layer 3
It will prevent segment 1's broadcasts from getting to segment 2.
The port is experiencing errors

34. You need to configure two Certkiller switches to exchange VLAN information. Which protocol provides a method of sharing VLAN configuration information between these two switches?
The transport layer divides a data stream into segments and adds reliability and flow control information. Packets are created when the network layer adds Layer 3 addresses and control information to a segment.
Too many hosts in a broadcast domain - Broadcast storms and Low bandwidth
VTP
The switch must be reachable through a port connected to its management VLAN. and The switch must be configured with an IP address - subnet mask - and default gateway.

35. Which three of the protocols below belong to the application layer? (Select three answer choices)
Full-duplex Ethernet can provide higher throughput than can half-duplex Ethernet of the same bandwidth
HTTPS - SMTP - and TFTP
Increased latency and Filtering of all frame errors
SMTP - FTP - HTTP - and HTTPS

36. Which of following VLAN frame encapsulation types are configurable on a Cisco switch?
A hub and A repeater.
Half-duplex Ethernet operates in a shared collision domain. and Half-duplex Ethernet has lower effective throughput.
802.1Q and ISL
Half-duplex Ethernet uses a loopback circuit to detect collisions. and Full-duplex Ethernet makes use of two pairs of wires for data.

37. A network administrator needs to force a high-performance switch that is located in the MDF to become the root bridge for a redundant path switched network. What can be done to ensure that this switch assumes the role of the Root Bridge?
An additional broadcast domain will be created.
VTP will allow switches to share VLAN configuration information
It encourages industry standardization by defining what functions occur at each layer of the model and It divides the network communication process into smaller and simpler components; thus aiding component development - design and troubleshooting
Configure the switch so that it has a lower priority than other switches in the network.

38. CK1 is a switch in the Certkiller network. Why will CK1 never learn the broadcast address?
Port security
Serial0/1 is down - line protocol is down
The interfaces must be configured for NAT.
A broadcast address will never be the source address of a frame

39. Which of the following are types of flow control?
Buffering - Cut-through - and Congestion avoidance
Allowing simultaneous frame transmissions and filtering frames based on MAC addresses
Show cdp neighbor detail
VTP

40. Which two statements describe the operation of the CSMA/CD access method - which is in use on the Certkiller network?
A broadcast address will never be the source address of a frame
In a CSMA/CD collision domain - stations must wait until the media is not in use before transmitting. and After a collision - all stations run a random backoff algorithm. When the backoff delay period has expired - all stations have equal priority to
It is used to prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched routes.
It will prevent segment 1's broadcasts from getting to segment 2.

41. Which of the following statements correctly describe the differences between half-duplex and full-duplex Ethernet?
TCP
Fiber optic cable.
Half-duplex Ethernet uses a loopback circuit to detect collisions. and Full-duplex Ethernet makes use of two pairs of wires for data.
Layer 3

42. A Certkiller switch is configured with all ports assigned to VLAN 2. In addition - all ports are configured as full-duplex FastEthernet. What is the effect of adding switch ports to a new VLAN on this switch?
Encapsulations PPP and authentication CHAP
An additional broadcast domain will be created.
Serial0/1 is down - line protocol is down
The transport layer divides a data stream into segments and adds reliability and flow control information. Packets are created when the network layer adds Layer 3 addresses and control information to a segment.

43. The LAN needs are expanding at the CK corporate office - which is quickly growing. You are instructed to enlarge the area covered by a single LAN segment on the CK network. Which of the following are layer 1 devices that you can use?
This is an Ethernet port operating at half duplex
Auto - On - and Desirable
A broadcast domain with too many hosts - Broadcast storms - and Low bandwidth
A hub and A repeater.

44. Which IOS user EXEC command will allow a network technician to determine which router in the path to an unreachable network host should be examined more closely for the cause of the network failure?
Certkiller B > trace
Buffering - Cut-through - and Congestion avoidance
Congestion avoidance - Windowing and Buffering
It is the sum of the costs based on bandwidth

45. Certkiller users have noticed extremely slow network performance - intermittent connectivity - and connection losses. After entering the 'show interfaces' command - you notice that the Ethernet interface is configured as 100 Mbps full-duplex and that
VTP
Switches increase the number of collision domains in the network.
The port is experiencing errors
Duplex mismatch

46. The system LED is amber on a new Certkiller Catalyst 2950 series switch. What does this indicate?
It is the sum of the costs based on bandwidth
The system is malfunctioning.
HTTPS - SMTP - and TFTP
To prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched paths.

47. As the Certkiller network administrator - you are required to have a firmunderstanding of the OSI model. Why does the data communication industry use the layered OSI reference model?
ARP and ICMP
The sequence number in the TCP header.
Source Port - Acknowledgment Number - and Window
It encourages industry standardization by defining what functions occur at each layer of the model and It divides the network communication process into smaller and simpler components; thus aiding component development - design and troubleshooting

48. While troubleshooting a connectivity problem - the Certkiller network administrator notices that a port status LED on a Cisco Catalyst Series switch is alternating between green and amber. Which condition could this indicate?
Buffering - Cut-through - and Congestion avoidance
The port is experiencing errors
HTTPS
A jam signal informs all devices that a collision occurred. - The devices that are involved in the collision stops transmitting for a short time. and The collision invokes a random back-off algorithm.

49. With regard to Ethernet media access methods - which of the following are true?
A cross-over cable
A device listens and waits until the media is not busy before transmitting. and All devices on an Ethernet segment see data that passes on the network medium.
Switches increase the number of collision domains in the network.
Layer 3

50. Which of the following can lead to the contribution of LAN traffic congestion?
The switch receives the complete frame before beginning to forward it. and Latency through the switch varies with frame length
VTP will allow switches to share VLAN configuration information
Auto - Desirable - and On
Too many hosts in a broadcast domain - Broadcast storms and Low bandwidth

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