Test your basic knowledge |

CCNP

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the solution to establishing neighbor relationships when multiple paths exist? What are the command to establish this? What command to tell R1 to use its loopback0 interface as the update source neighbor 192.168.1.1.
WD Dictates which path is preferred to exit the AS. Higher is is preferred - default is 100 on Cisco. Obviously for this to be relevant there must be multiple exit points for the route. 'Influences outbound traffic for an AS' BGP selected the SINGLE best path to a destination and places it in the routing table; the rest are kept in the BGP Table. Paths are chosen based on policy. BGP eliminates paths until one p
Router(config-router)# neighbor 192.168.1.1 remote-as 65000 Router(config-router)# neighbor 192.168.1.1 route-reflector-client BGP
Use loopback interface to establish the neighbor. (i.e. peer to a loopback interface) Tell BGP to use the lookback interface as teh source of updates R1(config-router)# neighbor 192.168.1.1 update-source loopback0 BGP

2. How does Source and Shared Distribution Tree models related to PIM-DM and PIM-SM?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

3. Explain the Next-Hop attribute. How does this differ from IGP's? In what environment might this be problematic?
WM Next hop address is entry point into the next AS along the path to that destination network. It does a recursive lookup to the routing table which should have learned the route from its IGP. in IBGP the next hop advertised by EBGP should
Update from client peer - sends update to all non-client peers and client peers except for originating peer. Update from non-client peer - send update to all clients in the cluster. Update from EBGP peer - update sent to all client peers an
Router(config-router)# neighbor 192.168.1.1 remote-as 65000 Router(config-router)# neighbor 192.168.1.1 route-reflector-client BGP
Globally: Router(config)# ip multicast-routing Per Interface: Router(config-if)# ip pim dense-mode Enabling PIM on an interface also enables IGMP operation on that interface. Multicast

4. What command is used to override the Next-Hop attribute of BGP? What does this do and when would you use this?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

5. What config would be used to configured an outbound BGP distribute list to block all routes from being advertised except ones from 192.168.0.0 /24 network to neighbors 10.1.1.1 and 10.1.1.2?
The neighbor expects to see the updates from the source address configured in the neighbor statement. BGP
Dense mode interfaces are always added to the table. Sparse mode interfaces are added to the table only when periodic join messages are received from downstream routers - or when a directly connected member is on the interface Multi
R2(config)# access-list 1 permit 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255 R1(config-router)# neighbor 10.1.1.1 distribute-list 1 out R1(config-router)# neighbor 10.1.1.2 distribute-list 1 out BGP
The BGP Table Command = show ip bgp BGP

6. What are the commands to enable multicast routing on a router?
BGP specifies that it can advertise to its peers in neighboring AS's only routes that it uses. BGP cannot influence how a neighboring AS will route your traffic BUT it can influence how your traffic gets to the neighboring AS. BGP
This will advertise the entire classful network: R1(config-router)# network 10.1.1.0 This will advertise the the classless network: R1(config-router)# network 10.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0 BGP
Language between local router interface and hosts. IGMP - ICMP - similarities TTL is usually 1; RFC states it should never leave local subnet. Creates and maintains group membership for hosts wishing to participate in a multicast grou
Globally: Router(config)# ip multicast-routing Per Interface: Router(config-if)# ip pim dense-mode Enabling PIM on an interface also enables IGMP operation on that interface. Multicast

7. What effect does (S -G) and (* -G) entries have on router CPU?
When using the classful method - at least one subnet of the classful range must reside in the IP routing table. When using the classless method the exact subne
RFC 2362 Pull model - traffic only forwarded to the parts of the network that need it. Sender registers with the RP which is a proxy to group members. Last hop routers to receiver knows the group RP IP address and sends a (* -G) join toward
Works if router has multiple parallel paths to a destination. ONLY affect number of routes in IP routing table not the route selected at best in the BGP table. Will load balance across equal cost paths in EGP session. BGP
SPT (S -G) consume more memory because there is an entry for each source BUT traffic is sent over optimal path to receiver. Shared distribution tree state entries (* -G) consume less CPU but may take suboptimal path to receiver. Multicast

8. Describe how PIM-SM operates.
Using a Distribute List to filter outbound routing updates. BGP
WM Next hop address is entry point into the next AS along the path to that destination network. It does a recursive lookup to the routing table which should have learned the route from its IGP. in IBGP the next hop advertised by EBGP should
Member of a group: Router#(config) ip igmp join-group group-address Statically connected: Router#(config) ip igmp join-group group-address In this mode router forwards (fast switches) group packets but itself does not accept group
RFC 2362 Pull model - traffic only forwarded to the parts of the network that need it. Sender registers with the RP which is a proxy to group members. Last hop routers to receiver knows the group RP IP address and sends a (* -G) join toward

9. Name several common local scoped multicast addresses and their purpose.
Router#(config) ip pim spt-threshold {rate | infinity} [group-list access-list] Multicast
Partial mesh iBPG is where not all BGP speaks within and AS have an established neighbor relationship. Full mesh is every BGP speaker has a neighbor (peer) with each other. Routing updates are not replcated in iBPG the peers do not pass i
Reverse Path Forwarding is the forwarding logic multicast of multicast. It is the opposite of unicast in that is forwards AWAY from source as opposed to towards the receiver. Multicast
224.0.0.1 - All systems 224.0.0.2 - All routers 224.0.0.4 - DVMRP routers 224.0.0.5 - All OSPF 224.0.0.6 - All OSPF DR 224.0.0.9 - RIP v2 routers 224.0.0.10 - EIGRP routers 224.0.0.13 - PIM routers 224.0.0.15 -

10. What is the terminology for BGP route reflector?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

11. Explain the Community attribute.

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

12. How does a host learn about available multicast streams?
Session description & announcement. Transport session announcement via 224.2.127.254. Creation of new sessions. Multicast
Links = n(n-1)/2 BGP
Well know predefined group Directory - sd / SDP Webpage/URL Email link Multicast
Contains information on ONE path only Withdrawn routes - List of IP prefixes for routes being withdrawn. Path attributes - AS-Path - etc. Network layer reachability information - List of IP prefixes reachable by this path. BGP

13. Explain the MED attribute.

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

14. What is the multicast IP address space?
Session description & announcement. Transport session announcement via 224.2.127.254. Creation of new sessions. Multicast
Class D address space First bits are ALWAYS 1110 224.0.0.0 - 239.255.255.255 Multicast
Router#(config) ip pim spt-threshold {rate | infinity} [group-list access-list] Multicast
R1# clear ip bgp R1# clear ip bgp soft in R1# clear ip bgp * soft out R1# clear ip bgp 10.1.1.1 soft in BGP

15. Name to enhancements to PIM.
BGP Table - BGP topology database - information BGP Neighbor Table - list of connected neighbors IP Routing Table - Duh. BGP
This router originated the route. BGP
Bidirection PIM mode - designed for many to many applications. Source Specific Multicast (SSM) ; builds only source specific shortest path trees. Multicast
ON Displayed as metric in Cisco IOS; lower is preferred. Default is 0. Indicated to external AS the preferred path into the AS. 'Influence inbound traffic to an AS' By default ONLY compares if neighbors AS is same for all routes being

16. Explain how the multicast routing table is populated.
The unicast routing table. No routing updates are sent between PIM routers. Multicast
Dense mode interfaces are always added to the table. Sparse mode interfaces are added to the table only when periodic join messages are received from downstream routers - or when a directly connected member is on the interface Multi
'Periodic Flood and Prune.' Initially floods multicast traffic (received on its RPF) to all its PIM neighbors. Traffic that arrives back at the router via a non-RPF is discarded. Prune messages are sent on all non-RPF interfaces and RPF int
Since IBGP learned routes are never propagate to other IBGP peer - full mesh of IBPG peers is required within an AS. THIS IS NOT SCALABLE. RR allow the propagation of routes learned by IBGP to other IBGP peers without having a full mesh of IBGP

17. What does a '*' and '>' mean in the BGP table?
The BGP Table Command = show ip bgp BGP
R1(config-router)#neighbor 192.168.1.1 password MyPassword OR R1(config-router)#neighbor MyPeerGroup password MyPassword BGP
WM Next hop address is entry point into the next AS along the path to that destination network. It does a recursive lookup to the routing table which should have learned the route from its IGP. in IBGP the next hop advertised by EBGP should
* = Best route > = Route has been inserted into the routing table BGP

18. State how IGMPv1 operates.
Works if router has multiple parallel paths to a destination. ONLY affect number of routes in IP routing table not the route selected at best in the BGP table. Will load balance across equal cost paths in EGP session. BGP
RFC 1112 Sends membership query every 60 - 120 seconds to 224.0.0.1 Hosts send membership report in response to the query Multicast
Allow router to operate in sparse mode and dense mode at the same time. Supports multiple RP's and automatic RP selection for each multicast source. Support auto-RP - bootstrap router (BSR) or statically defined RP's with minimal configurat
When not all routers within a transit AS have consistent routing information - due to not running BGP or misconfiguration or BPG speakers. Routing information is advertised but since not all routers within AS can reach the destination traffic is halt

19. IOS command to dictate when a leaf router (in PIM-SM) will switch from shared to source tree.
Variable length sequence of path attributes Attribute Type -1 byte flag field - 1 byte type code Attribute Length Attribute Value Attribute flag field = 0000 0000 W | O - T | N - P | C BGP
Contains information on ONE path only Withdrawn routes - List of IP prefixes for routes being withdrawn. Path attributes - AS-Path - etc. Network layer reachability information - List of IP prefixes reachable by this path. BGP
Efficiency Performance Scalability with applications Multicast
Router#(config) ip pim spt-threshold {rate | infinity} [group-list access-list] Multicast

20. Describe how and IGMPv2 host leaves. What is the interaction between host and router look like?
Globally: Router(config)# ip multicast-routing Per Interface: Router(config-if)# ip pim dense-mode Enabling PIM on an interface also enables IGMP operation on that interface. Multicast
It actually determines which networks are advertised. BGP
Sends a leave message to 224.0.0.2 Router then sends a group specific query Remaining member(s) send a report so group remains active. Multicast
Well know predefined group Directory - sd / SDP Webpage/URL Email link Multicast

21. What does BGP use for communication? What advantage does it offer?
TCP port 179 Reliability; uses sliding window Triggered - incremental updates made very efficient BGP
RFC 2362 Pull model - traffic only forwarded to the parts of the network that need it. Sender registers with the RP which is a proxy to group members. Last hop routers to receiver knows the group RP IP address and sends a (* -G) join toward
WM Next hop address is entry point into the next AS along the path to that destination network. It does a recursive lookup to the routing table which should have learned the route from its IGP. in IBGP the next hop advertised by EBGP should
ISP passes only default route to AS. ISP passes default route and provider owned select routes to AS. ISP passes all routes to AS. BGP

22. What are the 4 BGP packet types? What do they contain?
Router#show ip igmp interface fa0/0 Multicast
Show ip bgp - Shows entire BGP topology database (BGP table) show ip bgp rib-failure - Displays BGP routes not installd into the routing information base (RIB) and reason they were not installed. show ip bgp neighbors - Displays
Open - Version - AS - Hold Time - BGP Router ID - Optional Parameters Keepalive - Sent every 60 seconds by default; hold time 180 Seconds. Update - Information on only ONE path; Notification - When error condition detected BGP
Update from client peer - sends update to all non-client peers and client peers except for originating peer. Update from non-client peer - send update to all clients in the cluster. Update from EBGP peer - update sent to all client peers an

23. What is a BGP peer group?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

24. How does RPF avoid routing loops?
O Cisco only. Routes with higher weight are preferred (0 - 65535) . Paths that the router originates have 32768; other paths have default of 0. BGP
R1(config-router)# neighbor 192.168.1.1 next-hop-self Cause each routers outgoing interface that the route traverse wihtin the AS (iBPG peers) to annouce itself as the 'next hop' instead of the next hop into the neighboring AS. 
The unicast routing table. No routing updates are sent between PIM routers. Multicast
Determines upstream and downstream interfaces. Uses the unicast routing table to insure that only one interface is considered to be and incoming interface for the source. RPF makes sure that if data is looped around is not forwarded. 

25. What is the BGP Synchronization requirement and What does is prevent? When should it be left disabled? When should it be enabled?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

26. What is a neighbor call in BGP?
Well know predefined group Directory - sd / SDP Webpage/URL Email link Multicast
Places it in the routing table. BGP
BPG will find an exact match. BGP
BGP peer BGP

27. Which IOS command shows what version of IGMP is running?
Router#show ip igmp interface fa0/0 Multicast
EBGP = 20 iBGP = 200 BGP
Works if router has multiple parallel paths to a destination. ONLY affect number of routes in IP routing table not the route selected at best in the BGP table. Will load balance across equal cost paths in EGP session. BGP
The unicast routing table. No routing updates are sent between PIM routers. Multicast

28. Describe 4 multicast application models and give an example of each?
The Source and Share Tree models are the working model of how the tree is built; all multicast routing protocols fit into one or both. This is the 'theory' or model. PIM-DM's operational falls in the source tree model and PIM-SM is classified an
R1# clear ip bgp R1# clear ip bgp soft in R1# clear ip bgp * soft out R1# clear ip bgp 10.1.1.1 soft in BGP
This router originated the route. BGP
One-to-many: video distribution Many-to-many: Collaboration Many-to-one: auction - polling or data collection Few-to-many: auction - polling or data collection Multicast

29. What advantage is there it establishing a neighbor relationship using a loopback interface?
Loopback more resilient than physical interfaces. BGP
Contains information on ONE path only Withdrawn routes - List of IP prefixes for routes being withdrawn. Path attributes - AS-Path - etc. Network layer reachability information - List of IP prefixes reachable by this path. BGP
(S -G) - 'S comma G'; Source sending to the group. Typically reflect a source tree but can appear on a shared tree. Traffic forwarded via the shortest path from the source. (* -G) - 'Star comma G'; Any source sending to the group. Traffic forwar
IGMP is a layer 3 protocol Switches treat multicast just like broadcast (forward out all ports except the one one which is was received) By definition a pure layer 2 devices do not have a mechanism to see IGMP packets or facilitate the rela

30. After the path selection process - What does BGP do with the route?
R1(config-router)#neighbor MyPeers peer-group R1(config-router)#neighbor 10.1.1.1 remote-as 64513 R1(config-router)#neighbor 10.1.1.1 peer-group MyPeers BGP
Use loopback interface to establish the neighbor. (i.e. peer to a loopback interface) Tell BGP to use the lookback interface as teh source of updates R1(config-router)# neighbor 192.168.1.1 update-source loopback0 BGP
Member of a group: Router#(config) ip igmp join-group group-address Statically connected: Router#(config) ip igmp join-group group-address In this mode router forwards (fast switches) group packets but itself does not accept group
Places it in the routing table. BGP

31. What is the hop-by-hop routing paradigm of BGP?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

32. Explain the IGMPv3 membership process and new features.
Router#(config) ip pim spt-threshold {rate | infinity} [group-list access-list] Multicast
Partial mesh iBPG is where not all BGP speaks within and AS have an established neighbor relationship. Full mesh is every BGP speaker has a neighbor (peer) with each other. Routing updates are not replcated in iBPG the peers do not pass i
RFC - 3376 Ability to filter multicast source (can be picky) IGMPv3 membership report goes to 224.0.0.22 and may include the multicast hosts it will accept or deny. Multicast
EBGP is an adjacency between BGP peers in different AS; iBGP peers are in same AS. BGP

33. What are two methods of establishing a gateway of last resort?
R1(config-router)# neighbor 192.168.1.1 next-hop-self Cause each routers outgoing interface that the route traverse wihtin the AS (iBPG peers) to annouce itself as the 'next hop' instead of the next hop into the neighboring AS. 
When using the classful method - at least one subnet of the classful range must reside in the IP routing table. When using the classless method the exact subne
Works if router has multiple parallel paths to a destination. ONLY affect number of routes in IP routing table not the route selected at best in the BGP table. Will load balance across equal cost paths in EGP session. BGP
Default-Network Static route BGP

34. Explain the contents of the BGP update message.
Links = n(n-1)/2 BGP
Variable length sequence of path attributes Attribute Type -1 byte flag field - 1 byte type code Attribute Length Attribute Value Attribute flag field = 0000 0000 W | O - T | N - P | C BGP
Bidirection PIM mode - designed for many to many applications. Source Specific Multicast (SSM) ; builds only source specific shortest path trees. Multicast
Router(config-router)# neighbor 192.168.1.1 remote-as 65000 Router(config-router)# neighbor 192.168.1.1 route-reflector-client BGP

35. What are the commands to configure a BGP peer group?
Show ip bgp - Shows entire BGP topology database (BGP table) show ip bgp rib-failure - Displays BGP routes not installd into the routing information base (RIB) and reason they were not installed. show ip bgp neighbors - Displays
R1(config-router)#neighbor MyPeers peer-group R1(config-router)#neighbor 10.1.1.1 remote-as 64513 R1(config-router)#neighbor 10.1.1.1 peer-group MyPeers BGP
Reverse Path Forwarding is the forwarding logic multicast of multicast. It is the opposite of unicast in that is forwards AWAY from source as opposed to towards the receiver. Multicast
This should only be for ISP's An improperly configured AS (that is not meant to be a transit) could inadvertently become one. BGP

36. What is the significance of the 8th bit in the MAC address?
Default-Network Static route BGP
RFC 2362 Pull model - traffic only forwarded to the parts of the network that need it. Sender registers with the RP which is a proxy to group members. Last hop routers to receiver knows the group RP IP address and sends a (* -G) join toward
The is the multicast bit. Multicast
Loopback more resilient than physical interfaces. BGP

37. Name 4 verification commands for BGP and what they display?
Show ip bgp - Shows entire BGP topology database (BGP table) show ip bgp rib-failure - Displays BGP routes not installd into the routing information base (RIB) and reason they were not installed. show ip bgp neighbors - Displays
ON Displayed as metric in Cisco IOS; lower is preferred. Default is 0. Indicated to external AS the preferred path into the AS. 'Influence inbound traffic to an AS' By default ONLY compares if neighbors AS is same for all routes being
Allow router to operate in sparse mode and dense mode at the same time. Supports multiple RP's and automatic RP selection for each multicast source. Support auto-RP - bootstrap router (BSR) or statically defined RP's with minimal configurat
Rule: Router must be known by an IGP before it may be advertised by BGP peers. Prevents 'blackholes' when AS is a transit network and not all speaker are running BGP Should be left on it AS is a transit AS and not all routers run BGP. 

38. When creating a BGP neighbor relationship to a loopback interface what must be remember in the context of routing?
BPG will find an exact match. BGP
Must insure loopback is reachable in the routing table. BGP
Router(config-router)# neighbor 192.168.1.1 remote-as 65000 Router(config-router)# neighbor 192.168.1.1 route-reflector-client BGP
Router#show ip igmp group Group address - interface - uptime - expires - and last reporter. Multicast

39. What are 2 stipulations of advertising networks BGP?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

40. Explain the way RR handles route updates.
Router#(config) router bgp 1 Router#(config-router) neighbor 192.168.1.1 remote-as 1 Router#(config-router) network 192.168.0. mask 255.255.255.0 BGP
Update from client peer - sends update to all non-client peers and client peers except for originating peer. Update from non-client peer - send update to all clients in the cluster. Update from EBGP peer - update sent to all client peers an
When using the classful method - at least one subnet of the classful range must reside in the IP routing table. When using the classless method the exact subne
RFC 2362 Pull model - traffic only forwarded to the parts of the network that need it. Sender registers with the RP which is a proxy to group members. Last hop routers to receiver knows the group RP IP address and sends a (* -G) join toward

41. What is BGP multihoming and why would you want to do it?
When AS has more than one connection to the Internet it is called multihoming. Inbound reliability Better performance by selecting more optimal paths Multihoming can be to one ISP or to several. BGP
It actually determines which networks are advertised. BGP
EBGP = 20 iBGP = 200 BGP
R1(config-router)#neighbor 192.168.1.1 password MyPassword OR R1(config-router)#neighbor MyPeerGroup password MyPassword BGP

42. What is a BGP route reflector - What is it purpose?
Router#show ip igmp interface fa0/0 Multicast
AS-Path Next Hop Origin BGP
RFC 1112 Sends membership query every 60 - 120 seconds to 224.0.0.1 Hosts send membership report in response to the query Multicast
Since IBGP learned routes are never propagate to other IBGP peer - full mesh of IBPG peers is required within an AS. THIS IS NOT SCALABLE. RR allow the propagation of routes learned by IBGP to other IBGP peers without having a full mesh of IBGP

43. Explain the Origin attribute.

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

44. What is the IOS command to check for IGMP group members? What info does it reveal?
0100.5e00.0000 - 0100.5e7f.ffff - IANA reserved. Multicast
Router#show ip igmp group Group address - interface - uptime - expires - and last reporter. Multicast
Open - Version - AS - Hold Time - BGP Router ID - Optional Parameters Keepalive - Sent every 60 seconds by default; hold time 180 Seconds. Update - Information on only ONE path; Notification - When error condition detected BGP
O Cisco only. Routes with higher weight are preferred (0 - 65535) . Paths that the router originates have 32768; other paths have default of 0. BGP

45. What is the command to configure a BGP RR? 
The unicast routing table. No routing updates are sent between PIM routers. Multicast
Using a Distribute List to filter outbound routing updates. BGP
Router(config-router)# neighbor 192.168.1.1 remote-as 65000 Router(config-router)# neighbor 192.168.1.1 route-reflector-client BGP
0100.5e00.0000 - 0100.5e7f.ffff - IANA reserved. Multicast

46. What does IGMPv2 add?
Default-Network Static route BGP
Sends a leave message to 224.0.0.2 Router then sends a group specific query Remaining member(s) send a report so group remains active. Multicast
R1(config-router)# neighbor 192.168.1.1 next-hop-self Cause each routers outgoing interface that the route traverse wihtin the AS (iBPG peers) to annouce itself as the 'next hop' instead of the next hop into the neighboring AS. 
RFC 2236 Leave and join latency resolved Group specific query to G instead of 224.0.0.1 Leave group message Election of querier (lowest IP) on broadcast medium with multiple routers Multicast

47. Explain the methods of advertising networks in BGP.
BGP specifies that it can advertise to its peers in neighboring AS's only routes that it uses. BGP cannot influence how a neighboring AS will route your traffic BUT it can influence how your traffic gets to the neighboring AS. BGP
This should only be for ISP's An improperly configured AS (that is not meant to be a transit) could inadvertently become one. BGP
BPG will find an exact match. BGP
This will advertise the entire classful network: R1(config-router)# network 10.1.1.0 This will advertise the the classless network: R1(config-router)# network 10.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0 BGP

48. Name 6 multicast routing protocols.
1. Weight - Administrative preference (Highest) 2. Local Preference - Communicated between peers within AS (Highest) 3. Self-originated - Prefer path originated locally (True) 4. AS Path - Minimize AS hops (Shortest)<
Update from client peer - sends update to all non-client peers and client peers except for originating peer. Update from non-client peer - send update to all clients in the cluster. Update from EBGP peer - update sent to all client peers an
The neighbor expects to see the updates from the source address configured in the neighbor statement. BGP
MOSPF DVMRP CBT PIM Dense Mode PIM Sparse Mode PIM Sparse-Dense Mode Multicast

49. What are the administrative distances of eBGP and iBGP?
EBGP = 20 iBGP = 200 BGP
Must insure loopback is reachable in the routing table. BGP
Partial mesh iBPG is where not all BGP speaks within and AS have an established neighbor relationship. Full mesh is every BGP speaker has a neighbor (peer) with each other. Routing updates are not replcated in iBPG the peers do not pass i
Member of a group: Router#(config) ip igmp join-group group-address Statically connected: Router#(config) ip igmp join-group group-address In this mode router forwards (fast switches) group packets but itself does not accept group

50. What type of protocol is BGP classified as? What is its decision engine?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183