Test your basic knowledge |

CCNP Route

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are the two methods by which BGP injects local routes into the BGP table?
The BGP process injects local routes in two different ways[md]1) using the network configuration commands and 2) using redistribution by another routing protocol.
When a problem occurs that causes a router to end the BGP peering session - a notificationmessage is sent to the BGP neighbor and the connection is closed.
Mismatched interface MTU - Duplicate router IDs on routers - Broken unicast connectivity - Network type of point-to-point between PRI and BRI/dialer
[AS-number]:[low-order-16-bits]

2. If you want to modify parameters before inserting prefixes into the BGP table - you can use a route map. Name at least three reasons why this might be accomplished.
Changing the weight of a locally sourced route - Tagging source routes with BGP communities - Setting the local preference - Changing the value of the MED
The NSSA External (Type 7) LSA is almost identical to a Type 5 AS External LSA - yet it is used to create Not-So-Stubby Areas. An NSSA ASBR generates this LSA - and an NSSA ABR translates it into a Type 5 LSA - which gets propagated into the OSPF dom
The ASBR Summary (Type 4) LSA advertises an Autonomous System Boundary Router (ASBR) destination. This LSA is originated at an ABR. This LSA type is flooded throughout an autonomous system.
The AS External (Type 5) LSAs advertise an external destination or a default route to an external destination. These LSAs are originated by ASBRs. They are flooded throughout the autonomous system.

3. Over which IP protocol does BGP communicate?
BGP communicates over TCP port 179
The no-summary keyword needs to be used on the ABR only.
Reduce the flooding of LSAs in stable topologies by setting LSAs to 'do not age' - Router(config-if)# ip ospf flood-reduction
Confederations are another method of solving the IBGP full mesh requirement. Confederations are smaller sub-autonomous systems created within the primary autonomous system to decrease the number of BGP peer connections.

4. You are using the show ip eigrp topology command to troubleshoot your EIGRP network. You notice an entry is marked as Active. What does this indicate?
Cisco's implementation of OSPF calculates the metric using the following formula: - cost = refbw/bandwidth - The default refbw is 100 Mbps.
This network is currently unavailable and installation cannot occur in the routing table. The router is currently searching for a replacement route.
You must manipulate the K values on all routers if you plan to manipulate them on one.
Router(config)# ip community-list 1-99 permit|deny value [ value ... ]

5. You are considering the usage of manual route summarization in your EIGRP network. How is the metric calculated for the summary route.
The minimum metric of the specific routes is used as the metric of the summary route.
The network backdoor router configuration command causes the administrative distance assigned to the network to be forced to 200. The goal is to make Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) learned routes preferred.
Use the Router(config-if)# ip ospf cost value command to override the cost value that is calculated for a particular interface.
During the OSPF adjacency process - the Exchange State follows the Exstart State.

6. You want to propagate a default route to other EIGRP speakers in the autonomous system. What command do you used to accomplish this?
Local Preference - Atomic Aggregate
The neighbor command can be used to manually configure a neighbor in a NBMA OSPF environment. The full syntax of the command is: - Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address [priority number] [poll-interval seconds] [cost number] [database-filter all
Using the default-network command - you can configure a default route for the EIGRP process so that it propagates to other EIGRP routers within the same autonomous system.
Route reflectors help address the fact that BGP requires that all BGP peers in the same autonomous system form an Internal BGP (IBGP) session with all peers in the autonomous system.

7. What is the default cost of the default route generated by the Totally Stubby configuration of OSPF area?
BGP peers exchange keepalive messages every 60 seconds by default. These keep the peering session active.
The default cost of the default route is 1.
Reduce the flooding of LSAs in stable topologies by setting LSAs to 'do not age' - Router(config-if)# ip ospf flood-reduction
The router passes the community information on unchanged.

8. Name two Discretionary Well-Known BGP attributes.
When a problem occurs that causes a router to end the BGP peering session - a notificationmessage is sent to the BGP neighbor and the connection is closed.
Router# clear ip bgp ip-address in
Local Preference - Atomic Aggregate
The Router LSA (Type 1) lists all of a router's links and their state. These LSAs are flooded within the area they originated.

9. What is the command that you use in EIGRP to control the load balancing across unequal cost paths?
A site that has two connections to the same ISP - either from one router or two routers. One might be primary and the other backup - or the site might load balance over both links. Either static or dynamic routing would work in this case.
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address send-community
Use the variance command in EIGRP to control load balancing behavior[md]potentially across unequal bandwidth links.
These routes are Type-1 external routes. They define networks outside of the autonomous system and are advertised by Type 5 LSAs. The cost is calculated by adding the external cost to the internal cost of each link that the packet crosses. The use of

10. You are interested in monitoring the use of your regular expressions for manipulating the BGP routing process. What command can you use to display routes matching the AS-path regular expression?
Changing the weight of a locally sourced route - Tagging source routes with BGP communities - Setting the local preference - Changing the value of the MED
When a problem occurs that causes a router to end the BGP peering session - a notificationmessage is sent to the BGP neighbor and the connection is closed.
To display routes matching the AS-path regular expression - use the show ip bgp regexp command.
You use the following command to configure an area as Totally Stubby: Router(config-router)# area area-id stub no-summary

11. What is the command syntax that you should use inside a route map to configure manual manipulation of the AS-path attribute to control the choice of a return path?
The AD is the cost between that next hop router and the destination.
Use the neighbor [ip address] next-hop-self command in BGP configuration mode.
You can configure manual manipulation of the AS-path attribute with the set as-path prepend command.
A list of paths to each network used by the router - and the next hop for each network. To view it - use the show ip route command.

12. What is the formula used by OSPF for the calculation of cost?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

13. What is the command to configure a router as a BGP route reflector?
Origin - Next-hop - Weight - Community - Local preference - Multi Exit Discriminator (MED)
Open - Update - Keepalive - Notification
You use the following command to configure an area as Totally Stubby: Router(config-router)# area area-id stub no-summary
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address route-reflector-client

14. Are BGP neighbors manually configured or automatically discovered?
Route dampening can make the network more stable. To enable route dampening - use the bgp dampening command.
Interdomain routing
Using the default-network command - you can configure a default route for the EIGRP process so that it propagates to other EIGRP routers within the same autonomous system.
Manually configured

15. What does a Type 4 LSA describe - what router produces it - and Where is it flooded by default?
For the nonbroadcast (NBMA) RFC-compliant mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Manual - DR/BDR election required? DR/BDR election
BGP communicates over TCP port 179
These routes are Type-1 external routes. They define networks outside of the autonomous system and are advertised by Type 5 LSAs. The cost is calculated by adding the external cost to the internal cost of each link that the packet crosses. The use of
The ASBR Summary (Type 4) LSA advertises an Autonomous System Boundary Router (ASBR) destination. This LSA is originated at an ABR. This LSA type is flooded throughout an autonomous system.

16. What are five possible reasons that the OSPF neighbor list might be empty when troubleshooting OSPF?
A Priority value of 0 is configured on all routers.
OSPF not enabled properly on appropriate interfaces - Layer 1 or 2 not functional - Passive interface configured - Access list(s) blocking Hello packets in multiple directions - Error in IP address or subnet mask configuration - Hello or Dead interva
The no-summary keyword needs to be used on the ABR only.
Interior Gateway Protocol(IGP)

17. You are concerned that a flapping route is ruining the stability of your BGP network. What command allows the router to remove the update until it is proven to be more stable?
The BGP process injects local routes in two different ways[md]1) using the network configuration commands and 2) using redistribution by another routing protocol.
Route dampening can make the network more stable. To enable route dampening - use the bgp dampening command.
The AS External (Type 5) LSAs advertise an external destination or a default route to an external destination. These LSAs are originated by ASBRs. They are flooded throughout the autonomous system.
EIGRP uses IP protocol number 88.

18. What is the term for BGP neighbors?
During the OSPF adjacency process - the Exchange State follows the Exstart State.
BGP peers
Use the neighbor [ip address] next-hop-self command in BGP configuration mode.
The command is applied on all routers in the area.

19. Name two Transitive BGP attributes.
Open - Update - Keepalive - Notification
Multiply the IGRP metric by 256.
The Private autonomous system number range is 64512[nd]65535.
Aggregator - Community

20. What is the term for routers running BGP?
The default LSA aging timer is 30 minutes.
BGP speakers
BGP's loop prevention mechanism is an autonomous system number. When an update about a network leaves an autonomous system - that autonomous system's number is prepended to the list of autonomous systems that have handled that update. When an autonom
The correct command to configure a Not-So-Stubby Area in OSPF is as follows: Router(config-router)# area area-id nssa [no-redistribution] [default-information-originate]

21. You have a serial point-to-point connection in your OSPF-enabled WAN environment. Is there a DR/BDR election process in this environment by default?
You use the following command to configure an area as Totally Stubby: Router(config-router)# area area-id stub no-summary
Packets that require acknowledgement are as follows: Update - Query - Reply
The network backdoor router configuration command causes the administrative distance assigned to the network to be forced to 200. The goal is to make Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) learned routes preferred.
No DR/BDR election exists in a point-to-point environment by default.

22. What is the default Hello interval for OSPF in a LAN?
10 seconds is the default Hello interval and the default Dead interval is 4 times that value.
Local Preference - Atomic Aggregate
The ASBR Summary (Type 4) LSA advertises an Autonomous System Boundary Router (ASBR) destination. This LSA is originated at an ABR. This LSA type is flooded throughout an autonomous system.
Mismatched MTU - Corrupted link-state request packet

23. The metric of EIGRP is compatible with the metric of the earlier Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP). How do you convert the IGRP metric to the form of EIGRP?
Multiply the IGRP metric by 256.
The neighbor command can be used to manually configure a neighbor in a NBMA OSPF environment. The full syntax of the command is: - Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address [priority number] [poll-interval seconds] [cost number] [database-filter all
You use the following command to configure an area as Totally Stubby: Router(config-router)# area area-id stub no-summary
Interior Gateway Protocol(IGP)

24. Regarding the establishment of OSPF adjacencies - which state follows the Exstart State?
This percentage can be changed on a per-interface basis by using the ip bandwidth-percent eigrp interface configuration command.
You use the following command to configure an area as Totally Stubby: Router(config-router)# area area-id stub no-summary
During the OSPF adjacency process - the Exchange State follows the Exstart State.
After a neighbor is configured - BGP sends an open message to try to establish peering with that neighbor. Includes information such as autonomous system number - router ID - and hold time.

25. What is the administrative distance for IBGP?
Using the default-network command - you can configure a default route for the EIGRP process so that it propagates to other EIGRP routers within the same autonomous system.
200
The ASBR Summary (Type 4) LSA advertises an Autonomous System Boundary Router (ASBR) destination. This LSA is originated at an ABR. This LSA type is flooded throughout an autonomous system.
Hellos are sent every 5 seconds on broadcast links - as well as p2p serial - p2p subinterface - and multipoint circuits greater than T1.

26. You need to apply a route map to updates that are received from a BGP neighbor. What is the command you use to configure this?
Router# clear ip bgp ip-address in
You can configure manual manipulation of the AS-path attribute with the set as-path prepend command.
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address route-map name in
A list of all configured BGP neighbors. To view it - use the show ip bgp summary command.

27. By default - how much bandwidth does EIGRP consume on an interface for its operations?
Access list or L2 problem blocking Hellos in one direction - Multicast non-functional on one side - Authentication configured on only one side - broadcast keyword missing from the map command
EIGRP uses up to 50 percent of the bandwidth (as set by the bandwidth command) for its operations.
Changing the weight of a locally sourced route - Tagging source routes with BGP communities - Setting the local preference - Changing the value of the MED
BGP is a path-vector protocol

28. You are considering designing an area as a stub area in OSPF. Which LSA types will still flow in this area?
The only LSA flooded into the area is a single Type 3 default LSA.
Using the default-metric command in BGP configuration mode causes all redistributed networks to have the specified MED value.
Reduce the flooding of LSAs in stable topologies by setting LSAs to 'do not age' - Router(config-if)# ip ospf flood-reduction
An OSPF stub area is an area into which External LSAs are not flooded (Type 4 and 5 LSAs are blocked.) Type 1 - 2 - and 3 LSAs are still used in a stub area.

29. You need to change the default local preference value applied to all updates coming from external neighbors or originating locally. What command should you use?
After a neighbor is configured - BGP sends an open message to try to establish peering with that neighbor. Includes information such as autonomous system number - router ID - and hold time.
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address route-reflector-client
The Database Description (DBD) packet type checks for database synchronization between routers.
Use the bgp default local-preference command to change the default local preference value applied to all updates coming from external neighbors or originating locally.

30. What is the correct router configuration command that must be issued on all routers in an OSPF area to use the strongest authentication method possible?
Router(config-router)# area area_id authentication message-digest Note: Additional (interface configuration) commands are required for the configuration of authentication - but this is the router configuration command required.
A site that has two connections to the same ISP - either from one router or two routers. One might be primary and the other backup - or the site might load balance over both links. Either static or dynamic routing would work in this case.
The AD is the cost between that next hop router and the destination.
DROTHERs form an adjacency with the DR and BDR.

31. Describe a dual-multihomed network.
The Type 7 LSA is translated into a Type 5 LSA by the ABR.
You use the following command to configure an area as Totally Stubby: Router(config-router)# area area-id stub no-summary
A site with two connections to multiple ISPs. This gives the most redundancy. BGP is used with the ISPs and can be used internally also.
EIGRP uses IP protocol number 88.

32. How can you temporarily disable a BGP neighborship?
Mismatched MTU - Corrupted link-state request packet
A list of all configured BGP neighbors. To view it - use the show ip bgp summary command.
The neighbor command can be used to manually configure a neighbor in a NBMA OSPF environment. The full syntax of the command is: - Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address [priority number] [poll-interval seconds] [cost number] [database-filter all
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address shutdown

33. You can reduce the flooding of LSAs in a stable network topology with what command?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

34. For the Point-to-multipoint RFC-compliant mode of operation - fill in the following information: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? ________ DR/BDR election required?
For the Point-to-multipoint RFC-compliant mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Dynamic DR/BDR election required? Not required
A transit AS is an AS through which traffic to another AS travels - such as with an ISP.
BGP peer groups would be ideal for this situation.
Updates are sent to the DR.

35. What is the administrative distance for EBGP?
Router# clear ip bgp ip-address in
The router passes the community information on unchanged.
20
The NSSA External (Type 7) LSA is almost identical to a Type 5 AS External LSA - yet it is used to create Not-So-Stubby Areas. An NSSA ASBR generates this LSA - and an NSSA ABR translates it into a Type 5 LSA - which gets propagated into the OSPF dom

36. What is the purpose of the Type 2 DBD packet?
Cisco routers prefer a higher weight value.
Misconfigured neighbor statement - Unicast non-functional in NBMA environment
The Database Description (DBD) packet type checks for database synchronization between routers.
For the Point-to-multipoint nonbroadcast Cisco mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Manual - DR/BDR election required? Not required

37. What does a Type 5 LSA describe - what router produces it - and Where is it flooded by default?
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address send-community
BGP peers exchange keepalive messages every 60 seconds by default. These keep the peering session active.
The AS External (Type 5) LSAs advertise an external destination or a default route to an external destination. These LSAs are originated by ASBRs. They are flooded throughout the autonomous system.
The Network LSA (Type 2) lists all attached routers. These LSAs are produced by the DR on every multi-access network. They are flooded within the originating area.

38. What is the Feasible Distance (FD) value in EIGRP?
Lowest cost route calculated by adding the cost between the next hop router and the destination (AD) and the cost between the local router and the next hop. This sum is referred to as the FD.
This network is currently unavailable and installation cannot occur in the routing table. The router is currently searching for a replacement route.
For an OSPF router to advertise a default route into an area - the command default-information originate must be used. If the advertising router does not possess a default route in its routing table - you can use the always keyword to still generate
These routes are Type-1 external routes. They define networks outside of the autonomous system and are advertised by Type 5 LSAs. The cost is calculated by adding the external cost to the internal cost of each link that the packet crosses. The use of

39. For the Point-to-point Cisco mode of operation - fill in the following information: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? ________ DR/BDR election required?
The default origin code for BGP routes that you inject using redistribution is unknown.
200
For the Point-to-point Cisco mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Dynamic DR/BDR election required? Not required
Only one instance of BGP can be run on a single router

40. Describe a single-homed network.
EIGRP uses IP protocol number 88.
EIGRP uses up to 50 percent of the bandwidth (as set by the bandwidth command) for its operations.
A site with a single ISP connection.
20

41. You are considering the use of a virtual link to connect an OSPF area to the backbone. This link is configured between two ABRs. These ABRs must not be part of what type of area?
Access list or L2 problem blocking Hellos in one direction - Multicast non-functional on one side - Authentication configured on only one side - broadcast keyword missing from the map command
A virtual link is a link to the backbone through a non-backbone area. Virtual links are created between two ABRs - and the area cannot be stub.
IGP - Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) - Unknown
Router# clear ip bgp ip-address soft out

42. What are two possible causes for an ABR not to advertise a summary route?
10 seconds is the default Hello interval and the default Dead interval is 4 times that value.
This percentage can be changed on a per-interface basis by using the ip bandwidth-percent eigrp interface configuration command.
An ABR might not advertise a summary route for the following reasons:
A list of all configured BGP neighbors. To view it - use the show ip bgp summary command.

43. BGP database - or Routing Information Base
Interior Gateway Protocol(IGP)
A list of networks known by BGP - along with their paths and attributes. To view it - use the show ip bgp command.
Use the bgp default local-preference command to change the default local preference value applied to all updates coming from external neighbors or originating locally.
Interdomain routing

44. How is route tagging with communities actually accomplished in BGP?
EIGRP uses up to 50 percent of the bandwidth (as set by the bandwidth command) for its operations.
IP network numbers and subnet masks (prefix-list or access-list) - Route originator - Next hop - Origin code - Tag value attached to an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) route - AS-path - Community - IGP route type
To ensure that the router ID can be pinged - be sure to advertise the address using the appropriate network command.
Route tagging with communities is always done with a route map. You can specify any number of communities. Communities specified in the set keyword overwrite existing communities unless you specify the additive option.

45. What is the term for routing between Autonomous Systems?
EIGRP stub routing is a feature that allows you to specify the routes that are propagated from the spoke.
Interdomain routing
The ASBR Summary (Type 4) LSA advertises an Autonomous System Boundary Router (ASBR) destination. This LSA is originated at an ABR. This LSA type is flooded throughout an autonomous system.
Aggregator - Community

46. What does a Type 2 LSA describe - what router produces it - and Where is it flooded?
The Network LSA (Type 2) lists all attached routers. These LSAs are produced by the DR on every multi-access network. They are flooded within the originating area.
To qualify as a feasible successor - a next hop router must have an AD less than the FD of the current successor route. More than one feasible successor can exist.
Router(config-router)# area area_id authentication message-digest Note: Additional (interface configuration) commands are required for the configuration of authentication - but this is the router configuration command required.
To ensure that the router ID can be pinged - be sure to advertise the address using the appropriate network command.

47. What is the type number of the external routes permitted in a Not-So-Stubby OSPF area?
Router(config-router)# area area-id default-cost cost
Multiply the IGRP metric by 256.
Type 7 LSAs are special external routes that you permit in a Not-So-Stubby area.
Message used to transfer routing information between peers. Includes new routes - withdrawn routes - and path attributes.

48. What is the meaning of the following regular expression: _200$
The next hop router for a backup path is called the feasible successor.
EIGRP uses IP protocol number 88.
This regular expression matches routes that originated in autonomous system 200.
OSPF addresses packets to multicast address 224.0.0.6.

49. Describe BGP loop prevention.

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

50. Once adjacencies are established in the LAN and router information is being maintained - what step follows a router noticing a change and multicasting an LSU to 224.0.0.6?
Multi Exit Discriminator.
Type 7 LSAs are special external routes that you permit in a Not-So-Stubby area.
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address send-community
The next step in the update process features the DR acknowledging the LSU and flooding it to all OSPF speakers using multicast 224.0.0.5.