Test your basic knowledge |

CCNP Route

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are the three BGP route reception options?
Default routes from each provider - default routes plus some more specific routes - and all routes from all providers. Either use static routes - or advertise the site routes to the ISP and receive a default route from the ISP.
Border Gateway Protocol
[AS-number]:[low-order-16-bits]
This network is currently unavailable and installation cannot occur in the routing table. The router is currently searching for a replacement route.

2. How is route tagging with communities actually accomplished in BGP?
The router responds with an update of the routing information it possesses.
Route tagging with communities is always done with a route map. You can specify any number of communities. Communities specified in the set keyword overwrite existing communities unless you specify the additive option.
Interior Gateway Protocol(IGP)
Message used to transfer routing information between peers. Includes new routes - withdrawn routes - and path attributes.

3. What is the command that you use in EIGRP to control the load balancing across unequal cost paths?
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address route-reflector-client
Use the variance command in EIGRP to control load balancing behavior[md]potentially across unequal bandwidth links.
An ABR might not advertise a summary route for the following reasons:
BGP peers exchange keepalive messages every 60 seconds by default. These keep the peering session active.

4. The metric of EIGRP contains a reliability component. What is the value that indicates a completely unreliable link?
No DR/BDR election exists in a point-to-point environment by default.
In EIGRP - a reliability of value 1 indicates a completely unreliable link.
Router(config-router)# area area-id default-cost cost
A site that has two connections to the same ISP - either from one router or two routers. One might be primary and the other backup - or the site might load balance over both links. Either static or dynamic routing would work in this case.

5. How can a router qualify as a feasible successor in EIGRP?
OSPF addresses packets to multicast address 224.0.0.5.
A list of paths to each network used by the router - and the next hop for each network. To view it - use the show ip route command.
To qualify as a feasible successor - a next hop router must have an AD less than the FD of the current successor route. More than one feasible successor can exist.
The Private autonomous system number range is 64512[nd]65535.

6. For the Broadcast Cisco mode of operation - fill in the following information: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? ________ - DR/BDR election required? ________
BGP peers exchange keepalive messages every 60 seconds by default. These keep the peering session active.
For the Broadcast Cisco mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Dynamic - DR/BDR election required? DR/BDR election
These route types are OSPF inter-area routes. They define networks outside of the area of the router - but within the autonomous system. Type 3 LSAs are used to advertise these route types.
Only one instance of BGP can be run on a single router

7. You need to advertise a default route into an area regardless of whether or not a default route exists on the router. What command do you use to configure this?
200
For an OSPF router to advertise a default route into an area - the command default-information originate must be used. If the advertising router does not possess a default route in its routing table - you can use the always keyword to still generate
Mismatched interface MTU - Duplicate router IDs on routers - Broken unicast connectivity - Network type of point-to-point between PRI and BRI/dialer
The only LSA flooded into the area is a single Type 3 default LSA.

8. What is the correct command to configure community propagation to BGP neighbors?
BGP's loop prevention mechanism is an autonomous system number. When an update about a network leaves an autonomous system - that autonomous system's number is prepended to the list of autonomous systems that have handled that update. When an autonom
Aggregator - Community
The minimum metric of the specific routes is used as the metric of the summary route.
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address send-community

9. Regarding the establishment of OSPF adjacencies - which state follows the Exstart State?
The default value of the MED attribute is 0.
The router responds with an update of the routing information it possesses.
The no-summary keyword needs to be used on the ABR only.
During the OSPF adjacency process - the Exchange State follows the Exstart State.

10. What does a Type 4 LSA describe - what router produces it - and Where is it flooded by default?
IP network numbers and subnet masks (prefix-list or access-list) - Route originator - Next hop - Origin code - Tag value attached to an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) route - AS-path - Community - IGP route type
The ASBR Summary (Type 4) LSA advertises an Autonomous System Boundary Router (ASBR) destination. This LSA is originated at an ABR. This LSA type is flooded throughout an autonomous system.
To ensure that the router ID can be pinged - be sure to advertise the address using the appropriate network command.
After a neighbor is configured - BGP sends an open message to try to establish peering with that neighbor. Includes information such as autonomous system number - router ID - and hold time.

11. You are considering the use of route maps in BGP for filtering purposes. Name at least five options for match clause criteria.
Three different administrative distance values are possible for OSPF[md]intra-area routes - inter-area routes - and external routes. By default all are set to 110.
Open - Update - Keepalive - Notification
A list of networks known by BGP - along with their paths and attributes. To view it - use the show ip bgp command.
IP network numbers and subnet masks (prefix-list or access-list) - Route originator - Next hop - Origin code - Tag value attached to an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) route - AS-path - Community - IGP route type

12. BGP database - or Routing Information Base
The ASBR Summary (Type 4) LSA advertises an Autonomous System Boundary Router (ASBR) destination. This LSA is originated at an ABR. This LSA type is flooded throughout an autonomous system.
A list of networks known by BGP - along with their paths and attributes. To view it - use the show ip bgp command.
BGP peers exchange keepalive messages every 60 seconds by default. These keep the peering session active.
Local Preference - Atomic Aggregate

13. You are considering the use of the weight attribute to influence route selection. Is a higher or lower weight preferred by Cisco routers?
Cisco routers prefer a higher weight value.
After a neighbor is configured - BGP sends an open message to try to establish peering with that neighbor. Includes information such as autonomous system number - router ID - and hold time.
Use the neighbor [ip address] next-hop-self command in BGP configuration mode.
Hellos are sent every 5 seconds on broadcast links - as well as p2p serial - p2p subinterface - and multipoint circuits greater than T1.

14. What kind of routing protocol is BGP?
An autonomous system is a group of networks under a common administration. The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority(IANA) assigns AS numbers: 1 to 64511 are public AS numbers and 64512 to 65535 are private AS numbers.
BGP is a path-vector protocol
Using the default-metric command in BGP configuration mode causes all redistributed networks to have the specified MED value.
Router(config)# ip community-list 1-99 permit|deny value [ value ... ]

15. Which of the Cisco OSPF nonbroadcast multiaccess (NBMA) modes of operation requires a full mesh topology?
The Cisco mode of Broadcast requires a full mesh topology.
A Priority value of 0 is configured on all routers.
The command is applied on all routers in the area.
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address route-reflector-client

16. You are engaged in route filtering using regular expressions. How can you match any single character?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

17. Name at least two standard filtering-oriented communities for use in BGP.
Use the Router(config-if)# ip ospf cost value command to override the cost value that is calculated for a particular interface.
Type 7 LSAs are special external routes that you permit in a Not-So-Stubby area.
The BGP standards define several filtering-oriented communities for your use: no-export - Do not advertise routes to real External BGP (EBGP) peers - no-advertise - Do not advertise routes to any peer - local-as - Do not advertise routes to any EBGP
On-demand circuit is an enhancement that allows efficient operations over dialup - ISDN - and other on-demand circuits.

18. For the Point-to-multipoint nonbroadcast Cisco mode of operation - fill in the following information: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? ________ DR/BDR election required? ________
The correct command is show ip bgp.
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address route-reflector-client
Use the variance command in EIGRP to control load balancing behavior[md]potentially across unequal bandwidth links.
For the Point-to-multipoint nonbroadcast Cisco mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Manual - DR/BDR election required? Not required

19. If you do not use the router-id command - how is the router ID selected on an OSPF speaking router?
Packets that require acknowledgement are as follows: Update - Query - Reply
These routes are Type-1 external routes. They define networks outside of the autonomous system and are advertised by Type 5 LSAs. The cost is calculated by adding the external cost to the internal cost of each link that the packet crosses. The use of
The highest IP address of an active interface is selected; any loopback interface overrides this behavior. Therefore - if you have loopback interfaces - the highest IP address on an active loopback interface is selected.
Using the default-network command - you can configure a default route for the EIGRP process so that it propagates to other EIGRP routers within the same autonomous system.

20. You are examining the results of the show ip route command - and you notice several OSPF routes bear an O E1 route designator. What does this signify?
OSPF addresses packets to multicast address 224.0.0.5.
The neighbor command can be used to manually configure a neighbor in a NBMA OSPF environment. The full syntax of the command is: - Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address [priority number] [poll-interval seconds] [cost number] [database-filter all
These routes are Type-1 external routes. They define networks outside of the autonomous system and are advertised by Type 5 LSAs. The cost is calculated by adding the external cost to the internal cost of each link that the packet crosses. The use of
The AS External (Type 5) LSAs advertise an external destination or a default route to an external destination. These LSAs are originated by ASBRs. They are flooded throughout the autonomous system.

21. What command do you use in OSPF to configure inter-area route summarization on the ABR?
Exterior Gateway Protocol(EGP). BGP v4 is the only EGP currently in use.
For the Broadcast Cisco mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Dynamic - DR/BDR election required? DR/BDR election
Once using the command - you use the clear ip ospf process to reset the OSPF process and change the router ID.
Use the following command to configure inter-area route summarization on the ABR: Router(config-router)# area area-id range address mask

22. Describe External BGP.
The network backdoor router configuration command causes the administrative distance assigned to the network to be forced to 200. The goal is to make Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) learned routes preferred.
You use the following command to configure an area as Totally Stubby: Router(config-router)# area area-id stub no-summary
External BGP is a BGP peering relationship between routers in different autonomous systems.
Use the variance command in EIGRP to control load balancing behavior[md]potentially across unequal bandwidth links.

23. Name a Nontransitive BGP attribute.
BGP peers exchange keepalive messages every 60 seconds by default. These keep the peering session active.
Multi Exit Discriminator.
You must manipulate the K values on all routers if you plan to manipulate them on one.
The minimum metric of the specific routes is used as the metric of the summary route.

24. You need to change the default local preference value applied to all updates coming from external neighbors or originating locally. What command should you use?
Use the bgp default local-preference command to change the default local preference value applied to all updates coming from external neighbors or originating locally.
The highest IP address of an active interface is selected; any loopback interface overrides this behavior. Therefore - if you have loopback interfaces - the highest IP address on an active loopback interface is selected.
The router passes the community information on unchanged.
EIGRP uses IP protocol number 88.

25. Name at least two reasons why an OSPF neighbor might be stuck in the EXSTART/EXCHANGE state.
Mismatched interface MTU - Duplicate router IDs on routers - Broken unicast connectivity - Network type of point-to-point between PRI and BRI/dialer
Misconfigured neighbor statement - Unicast non-functional in NBMA environment
The AD is the cost between that next hop router and the destination.
Interdomain routing

26. What does a Type 7 LSA describe - what router produces it - and Where is it flooded by default?
A list of networks known by BGP - along with their paths and attributes. To view it - use the show ip bgp command.
For an OSPF router to advertise a default route into an area - the command default-information originate must be used. If the advertising router does not possess a default route in its routing table - you can use the always keyword to still generate
To qualify as a feasible successor - a next hop router must have an AD less than the FD of the current successor route. More than one feasible successor can exist.
The NSSA External (Type 7) LSA is almost identical to a Type 5 AS External LSA - yet it is used to create Not-So-Stubby Areas. An NSSA ASBR generates this LSA - and an NSSA ABR translates it into a Type 5 LSA - which gets propagated into the OSPF dom

27. You need to distribute select BGP prefix information as specified in a prefix-list. What command do you use to enact this?
BGP peer groups would be ideal for this situation.
For the nonbroadcast (NBMA) RFC-compliant mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Manual - DR/BDR election required? DR/BDR election
A list of all configured BGP neighbors. To view it - use the show ip bgp summary command.
Router(config-router)# neighbor {ip-address | peer-group-name} prefix-list prefix-listname {in | out}

28. Describe a transit AS.
OSPF uses IP protocol number 89.
For the Point-to-multipoint nonbroadcast Cisco mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Manual - DR/BDR election required? Not required
A transit AS is an AS through which traffic to another AS travels - such as with an ISP.
The network backdoor router configuration command causes the administrative distance assigned to the network to be forced to 200. The goal is to make Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) learned routes preferred.

29. What is the term for BGP neighbors?
The O indicates the route is an OSPF intra-area route. The network destination is within the same area as the router on which this command is issued.
This regular expression matches routes that originated in autonomous system 200.
Hellos are sent every 60 seconds on multipoint circuits with bandwidth less than T1.
BGP peers

30. When a BGP router receives an update from an EBGP neighbor - it must pass that update to its IBGP neighbors without changing the next-hop attribute. Therefore - IBGP routers must have a route to the network connecting their autonomous system to that
Route dampening can make the network more stable. To enable route dampening - use the bgp dampening command.
[AS-number]:[low-order-16-bits]
The AD is the cost between that next hop router and the destination.
Use the neighbor [ip address] next-hop-self command in BGP configuration mode.

31. You are considering the usage of manual route summarization in your EIGRP network. How is the metric calculated for the summary route.
For an OSPF router to advertise a default route into an area - the command default-information originate must be used. If the advertising router does not possess a default route in its routing table - you can use the always keyword to still generate
The minimum metric of the specific routes is used as the metric of the summary route.
Route tagging with communities is always done with a route map. You can specify any number of communities. Communities specified in the set keyword overwrite existing communities unless you specify the additive option.
Router(config-router)# area area-id default-cost cost

32. What does BGP stand for?
Border Gateway Protocol
On-demand circuit is an enhancement that allows efficient operations over dialup - ISDN - and other on-demand circuits.
Local Preference - Atomic Aggregate
The only LSA flooded into the area is a single Type 3 default LSA.

33. Name at least one reason that an OSPF neighbor can be stuck in the ATTEMPT state.
OSPF uses IP protocol number 89.
Origin - AS-Path - Next-Hop
Misconfigured neighbor statement - Unicast non-functional in NBMA environment
After a neighbor is configured - BGP sends an open message to try to establish peering with that neighbor. Includes information such as autonomous system number - router ID - and hold time.

34. You need to suppress the periodic Hellos so that an ISDN link is not constantly enabled in a dial-on-demand routing (DDR) environment. What feature of OSPF should you use?
BGP peers
Interior Gateway Protocol(IGP)
On-demand circuit is an enhancement that allows efficient operations over dialup - ISDN - and other on-demand circuits.
External BGP is a BGP peering relationship between routers in different autonomous systems.

35. What kind of routing protocol is run between Autonomous Systems?
Exterior Gateway Protocol(EGP). BGP v4 is the only EGP currently in use.
The Network LSA (Type 2) lists all attached routers. These LSAs are produced by the DR on every multi-access network. They are flooded within the originating area.
The next step in the update process features the DR acknowledging the LSU and flooding it to all OSPF speakers using multicast 224.0.0.5.
These routes are Type-1 external routes. They define networks outside of the autonomous system and are advertised by Type 5 LSAs. The cost is calculated by adding the external cost to the internal cost of each link that the packet crosses. The use of

36. What is the correct command to view the BGP table on the local router?
The minimum metric of the specific routes is used as the metric of the summary route.
The correct command is show ip bgp.
The correct command to configure a Not-So-Stubby Area in OSPF is as follows: Router(config-router)# area area-id nssa [no-redistribution] [default-information-originate]
OSPF not enabled properly on appropriate interfaces - Layer 1 or 2 not functional - Passive interface configured - Access list(s) blocking Hello packets in multiple directions - Error in IP address or subnet mask configuration - Hello or Dead interva

37. What is the default link-state advertisement (LSA) aging timer?
The default LSA aging timer is 30 minutes.
To qualify as a feasible successor - a next hop router must have an AD less than the FD of the current successor route. More than one feasible successor can exist.
You can use the show ip ospf command to verify the router ID of an OSPF-speaking router.
Once using the command - you use the clear ip ospf process to reset the OSPF process and change the router ID.

38. You need to send a route refresh message to a specific BGP-speaking neighbor. What is the correct command syntax to do so?
Packets that require acknowledgement are as follows: Update - Query - Reply
Router# clear ip bgp ip-address in
For the Point-to-multipoint nonbroadcast Cisco mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Manual - DR/BDR election required? Not required
A transit AS is an AS through which traffic to another AS travels - such as with an ISP.

39. What command do you use to configure route summarization on an ASBR to summarize external routes?
String matching ranges and wildcards - brackets '[]' can be used for ranges - and the '.' can match any single character.
Misconfigured neighbor statement - Unicast non-functional in NBMA environment
Use the following command to configure route summarization on an ASBR to summarize external routes: Router(config-router)# summary-address address mask [not-advertise] [tag tag]
EIGRP uses the multicast IP address of 224.0.0.10 for Hellos and routing updates.

40. You need to configure BGP community propagation for a large number of BGP neighbors. What is the ideal mechanism to use to assist with this configuration?
EIGRP uses the multicast IP address of 224.0.0.10 for Hellos and routing updates.
An OSPF stub area is an area into which External LSAs are not flooded (Type 4 and 5 LSAs are blocked.) Type 1 - 2 - and 3 LSAs are still used in a stub area.
To reset the value - use the following command on each router: Router(config-router)# auto-cost reference-bandwidth refbw
BGP peer groups would be ideal for this situation.

41. Name two Discretionary Well-Known BGP attributes.
The correct command is show ip bgp.
No DR/BDR election exists in a point-to-point environment by default.
Local Preference - Atomic Aggregate
Use the Router(config-if)# ip ospf cost value command to override the cost value that is calculated for a particular interface.

42. Name at least two reasons that an OSPF neighbor can be stuck in the INIT state:
These routes are Type-1 external routes. They define networks outside of the autonomous system and are advertised by Type 5 LSAs. The cost is calculated by adding the external cost to the internal cost of each link that the packet crosses. The use of
The Private autonomous system number range is 64512[nd]65535.
Access list or L2 problem blocking Hellos in one direction - Multicast non-functional on one side - Authentication configured on only one side - broadcast keyword missing from the map command
Updates are sent to the DR.

43. How does EIGRP deal with a router that is slow in responding to reliable packets with acknowledgements?
Using the default-network command - you can configure a default route for the EIGRP process so that it propagates to other EIGRP routers within the same autonomous system.
Cisco's implementation of OSPF calculates the metric using the following formula: - cost = refbw/bandwidth - The default refbw is 100 Mbps.
To qualify as a feasible successor - a next hop router must have an AD less than the FD of the current successor route. More than one feasible successor can exist.
Slow neighbors are sent unicast packets in an attempt to resolve issues with slow neighbors.

44. What technique can you use to ensure that a particular classless prefix is always advertised by a BGP-speaking router?
A virtual link is a link to the backbone through a non-backbone area. Virtual links are created between two ABRs - and the area cannot be stub.
Hellos are sent every 5 seconds on broadcast links - as well as p2p serial - p2p subinterface - and multipoint circuits greater than T1.
Exterior Gateway Protocol(EGP). BGP v4 is the only EGP currently in use.
Place a static route pointing to NULL0 in the IP routing table.

45. Describe a typical form that your communities can take.
Exterior Gateway Protocol(EGP). BGP v4 is the only EGP currently in use.
IBGP is a BGP peering relationship between routers in the same autonomous system.
[AS-number]:[low-order-16-bits]
A site connected to more than one ISP at the same time. It is done for redundancy and backup if one ISP fails - and for better performance if one ISP provides a better path to frequently used networks. This also gives you an ISP-independent solution.

46. Keepalive
The NSSA External (Type 7) LSA is almost identical to a Type 5 AS External LSA - yet it is used to create Not-So-Stubby Areas. An NSSA ASBR generates this LSA - and an NSSA ABR translates it into a Type 5 LSA - which gets propagated into the OSPF dom
ADD - Adds a line to a prefix-list filter on the remote peer - DELETE - Removes a line from a filter that was previously installed on a remote peer - DELETE ALL - Removes all previously installed filters on the remote peer
BGP peers exchange keepalive messages every 60 seconds by default. These keep the peering session active.
Hellos are sent every 5 seconds on broadcast links - as well as p2p serial - p2p subinterface - and multipoint circuits greater than T1.

47. What is the correct syntax to find community attributes in routing updates?
Router(config)# ip community-list 1-99 permit|deny value [ value ... ]
The command is applied on all routers in the area.
DROTHERs form an adjacency with the DR and BDR.
External BGP is a BGP peering relationship between routers in different autonomous systems.

48. How many instances of BGP can be run on a single router?
The highest IP address of an active interface is selected; any loopback interface overrides this behavior. Therefore - if you have loopback interfaces - the highest IP address on an active loopback interface is selected.
After a neighbor is configured - BGP sends an open message to try to establish peering with that neighbor. Includes information such as autonomous system number - router ID - and hold time.
Only one instance of BGP can be run on a single router
BGP communicates over TCP port 179

49. How do you ensure the router ID is changed on a device following the use of the router-id command?
Cisco's implementation of OSPF calculates the metric using the following formula: - cost = refbw/bandwidth - The default refbw is 100 Mbps.
Once using the command - you use the clear ip ospf process to reset the OSPF process and change the router ID.
The BGP standards define several filtering-oriented communities for your use: no-export - Do not advertise routes to real External BGP (EBGP) peers - no-advertise - Do not advertise routes to any peer - local-as - Do not advertise routes to any EBGP
Use the variance command in EIGRP to control load balancing behavior[md]potentially across unequal bandwidth links.

50. By default - how much bandwidth does EIGRP consume on an interface for its operations?
For the Point-to-point Cisco mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Dynamic DR/BDR election required? Not required
Reduce the flooding of LSAs in stable topologies by setting LSAs to 'do not age' - Router(config-if)# ip ospf flood-reduction
EIGRP uses up to 50 percent of the bandwidth (as set by the bandwidth command) for its operations.
Local Preference - Atomic Aggregate