Test your basic knowledge |

CCNP Route

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. You are examining the results of the show ip route command - and you notice several OSPF routes bear an O E1 route designator. What does this signify?
These routes are Type-1 external routes. They define networks outside of the autonomous system and are advertised by Type 5 LSAs. The cost is calculated by adding the external cost to the internal cost of each link that the packet crosses. The use of
The only LSA flooded into the area is a single Type 3 default LSA.
The Network Summary (Type 3) LSA is sent into an area to advertise destinations outside the area. These LSAs are originated by Area Border Routers (ABRs). They flood throughout the autonomous system.
The next hop router for a backup path is called the feasible successor.

2. You need all redistributed networks to have a specified MED value. What command should you use?
Using the default-metric command in BGP configuration mode causes all redistributed networks to have the specified MED value.
Origin - AS-Path - Next-Hop
The next hop router for a backup path is called the feasible successor.
The O indicates the route is an OSPF intra-area route. The network destination is within the same area as the router on which this command is issued.

3. What is the default cost of the default route generated by the Totally Stubby configuration of OSPF area?
DROTHERs form an adjacency with the DR and BDR.
The default cost of the default route is 1.
A Priority value of 0 is configured on all routers.
A site with a single ISP connection.

4. Name a Nontransitive BGP attribute.
These routes are Type-1 external routes. They define networks outside of the autonomous system and are advertised by Type 5 LSAs. The cost is calculated by adding the external cost to the internal cost of each link that the packet crosses. The use of
Misconfigured neighbor statement - Unicast non-functional in NBMA environment
Multi Exit Discriminator.
This percentage can be changed on a per-interface basis by using the ip bandwidth-percent eigrp interface configuration command.

5. What is the command to configure a router as a BGP route reflector?
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address route-reflector-client
The Private autonomous system number range is 64512[nd]65535.
EIGRP uses up to 50 percent of the bandwidth (as set by the bandwidth command) for its operations.
Only one instance of BGP can be run on a single router

6. In a LAN - with which router(s) does a DROTHER form an adjacency?
IBGP is a BGP peering relationship between routers in the same autonomous system.
Hellos are sent every 5 seconds on broadcast links - as well as p2p serial - p2p subinterface - and multipoint circuits greater than T1.
DROTHERs form an adjacency with the DR and BDR.
The ASBR Summary (Type 4) LSA advertises an Autonomous System Boundary Router (ASBR) destination. This LSA is originated at an ABR. This LSA type is flooded throughout an autonomous system.

7. Another method is commonly used to solve the IBGP full mesh requirement. It involves the configuration of smaller sub-autonomous systems created within a primary autonomous system. What are these called?
The Network LSA (Type 2) lists all attached routers. These LSAs are produced by the DR on every multi-access network. They are flooded within the originating area.
Type 7 LSAs are special external routes that you permit in a Not-So-Stubby area.
EIGRP uses IP protocol number 88.
Confederations are another method of solving the IBGP full mesh requirement. Confederations are smaller sub-autonomous systems created within the primary autonomous system to decrease the number of BGP peer connections.

8. What is the command syntax that you should use inside a route map to configure manual manipulation of the AS-path attribute to control the choice of a return path?
You can configure manual manipulation of the AS-path attribute with the set as-path prepend command.
Only one instance of BGP can be run on a single router
Cisco's implementation of OSPF calculates the metric using the following formula: - cost = refbw/bandwidth - The default refbw is 100 Mbps.
The BGP process injects local routes in two different ways[md]1) using the network configuration commands and 2) using redistribution by another routing protocol.

9. What is the correct router configuration command that must be issued on all routers in an OSPF area to use the strongest authentication method possible?
Route reflectors help address the fact that BGP requires that all BGP peers in the same autonomous system form an Internal BGP (IBGP) session with all peers in the autonomous system.
BGP peers exchange keepalive messages every 60 seconds by default. These keep the peering session active.
The router responds with an update of the routing information it possesses.
Router(config-router)# area area_id authentication message-digest Note: Additional (interface configuration) commands are required for the configuration of authentication - but this is the router configuration command required.

10. Are BGP neighbors manually configured or automatically discovered?
The BGP standards define several filtering-oriented communities for your use: no-export - Do not advertise routes to real External BGP (EBGP) peers - no-advertise - Do not advertise routes to any peer - local-as - Do not advertise routes to any EBGP
Router(config-router)# area area-id default-cost cost
10 seconds is the default Hello interval and the default Dead interval is 4 times that value.
Manually configured

11. What is the effect of the network backdoor command in BGP?
You use the following command to configure an area as Totally Stubby: Router(config-router)# area area-id stub no-summary
Route tagging with communities is always done with a route map. You can specify any number of communities. Communities specified in the set keyword overwrite existing communities unless you specify the additive option.
You can use the show ip ospf command to verify the router ID of an OSPF-speaking router.
The network backdoor router configuration command causes the administrative distance assigned to the network to be forced to 200. The goal is to make Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) learned routes preferred.

12. What is the default link-state advertisement (LSA) aging timer?
The default LSA aging timer is 30 minutes.
The Network LSA (Type 2) lists all attached routers. These LSAs are produced by the DR on every multi-access network. They are flooded within the originating area.
The Cisco mode of Broadcast requires a full mesh topology.
BGP speakers

13. Regarding the establishment of OSPF adjacencies - which state follows the Exstart State?
During the OSPF adjacency process - the Exchange State follows the Exstart State.
A list of all configured BGP neighbors. To view it - use the show ip bgp summary command.
The correct command is show ip bgp.
The default LSA aging timer is 30 minutes.

14. Update
Message used to transfer routing information between peers. Includes new routes - withdrawn routes - and path attributes.
Reduce the flooding of LSAs in stable topologies by setting LSAs to 'do not age' - Router(config-if)# ip ospf flood-reduction
This network is currently unavailable and installation cannot occur in the routing table. The router is currently searching for a replacement route.
20

15. You are considering the usage of manual route summarization in your EIGRP network. How is the metric calculated for the summary route.
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address send-community
To display routes matching the AS-path regular expression - use the show ip bgp regexp command.
The minimum metric of the specific routes is used as the metric of the summary route.
Use the Router(config-if)# ip ospf cost value command to override the cost value that is calculated for a particular interface.

16. What OSPF-related command allows you to reset the refbw value used in the formula for OSPF cost calculation?
The highest IP address of an active interface is selected; any loopback interface overrides this behavior. Therefore - if you have loopback interfaces - the highest IP address on an active loopback interface is selected.
A site connected to more than one ISP at the same time. It is done for redundancy and backup if one ISP fails - and for better performance if one ISP provides a better path to frequently used networks. This also gives you an ISP-independent solution.
To reset the value - use the following command on each router: Router(config-router)# auto-cost reference-bandwidth refbw
BGP's loop prevention mechanism is an autonomous system number. When an update about a network leaves an autonomous system - that autonomous system's number is prepended to the list of autonomous systems that have handled that update. When an autonom

17. What command should you use to verify the router ID of an OSPF-speaking router?
Place a static route pointing to NULL0 in the IP routing table.
The Database Description (DBD) packet type checks for database synchronization between routers.
You can use the show ip ospf command to verify the router ID of an OSPF-speaking router.
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address route-map name in

18. What is the Feasible Distance (FD) value in EIGRP?
Use the neighbor [ip address] next-hop-self command in BGP configuration mode.
An autonomous system is a group of networks under a common administration. The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority(IANA) assigns AS numbers: 1 to 64511 are public AS numbers and 64512 to 65535 are private AS numbers.
Lowest cost route calculated by adding the cost between the next hop router and the destination (AD) and the cost between the local router and the next hop. This sum is referred to as the FD.
These route types are OSPF inter-area routes. They define networks outside of the area of the router - but within the autonomous system. Type 3 LSAs are used to advertise these route types.

19. The metric of EIGRP is compatible with the metric of the earlier Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP). How do you convert the IGRP metric to the form of EIGRP?
Multiply the IGRP metric by 256.
The AS External (Type 5) LSAs advertise an external destination or a default route to an external destination. These LSAs are originated by ASBRs. They are flooded throughout the autonomous system.
A transit AS is an AS through which traffic to another AS travels - such as with an ISP.
The minimum metric of the specific routes is used as the metric of the summary route.

20. You are examining the results of the show ip route command - and you notice several OSPF routes bear an O E2 route designator. What does this signify?
Router(config-router)# area area_id authentication message-digest Note: Additional (interface configuration) commands are required for the configuration of authentication - but this is the router configuration command required.
These are Type-2 external routes. Again - they define networks outside of the autonomous system and are advertised by Type 5 LSAs. In this case cost is always the external cost only. This is the default OSPF external route type on Cisco routers.
Router(config-router)# area area-id default-cost cost
A site connected to more than one ISP at the same time. It is done for redundancy and backup if one ISP fails - and for better performance if one ISP provides a better path to frequently used networks. This also gives you an ISP-independent solution.

21. You need to send a route refresh message to a specific BGP-speaking neighbor. What is the correct command syntax to do so?
Router# clear ip bgp ip-address in
Cisco's implementation of OSPF calculates the metric using the following formula: - cost = refbw/bandwidth - The default refbw is 100 Mbps.
The default LSA aging timer is 30 minutes.
For an OSPF router to advertise a default route into an area - the command default-information originate must be used. If the advertising router does not possess a default route in its routing table - you can use the always keyword to still generate

22. Neighbor database
A list of all configured BGP neighbors. To view it - use the show ip bgp summary command.
This network is currently unavailable and installation cannot occur in the routing table. The router is currently searching for a replacement route.
Default routes from each provider - default routes plus some more specific routes - and all routes from all providers. Either use static routes - or advertise the site routes to the ISP and receive a default route from the ISP.
Use the following command to configure inter-area route summarization on the ABR: Router(config-router)# area area-id range address mask

23. You are utilizing the soft reconfiguration feature of Cisco IOS Release 12.x with BGP. You have completed the changes to filters and route maps that are applied on the outgoing information. What command should you execute?
Router# clear ip bgp ip-address soft out
Router(config-router)# neighbor {ip-address | peer-group-name} prefix-list prefix-listname {in | out}
Local Preference - Atomic Aggregate
For an OSPF router to advertise a default route into an area - the command default-information originate must be used. If the advertising router does not possess a default route in its routing table - you can use the always keyword to still generate

24. What is the term for BGP neighbors?
To reset the value - use the following command on each router: Router(config-router)# auto-cost reference-bandwidth refbw
The Network LSA (Type 2) lists all attached routers. These LSAs are produced by the DR on every multi-access network. They are flooded within the originating area.
BGP peers
Use the neighbor [ip address] next-hop-self command in BGP configuration mode.

25. Routing table
You use the following command to configure an area as Totally Stubby: Router(config-router)# area area-id stub no-summary
Packets that require acknowledgement are as follows: Update - Query - Reply
String matching ranges and wildcards - brackets '[]' can be used for ranges - and the '.' can match any single character.
A list of paths to each network used by the router - and the next hop for each network. To view it - use the show ip route command.

26. Describe a dual-multihomed network.
The Private autonomous system number range is 64512[nd]65535.
EIGRP stub routing is a feature that allows you to specify the routes that are propagated from the spoke.
BGP speakers
A site with two connections to multiple ISPs. This gives the most redundancy. BGP is used with the ISPs and can be used internally also.

27. You are concerned that a flapping route is ruining the stability of your BGP network. What command allows the router to remove the update until it is proven to be more stable?
An autonomous system is a group of networks under a common administration. The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority(IANA) assigns AS numbers: 1 to 64511 are public AS numbers and 64512 to 65535 are private AS numbers.
Route dampening can make the network more stable. To enable route dampening - use the bgp dampening command.
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address route-reflector-client
Mismatched MTU - Corrupted link-state request packet

28. What are the three possible origin codes as specified by the origin attribute?
To qualify as a feasible successor - a next hop router must have an AD less than the FD of the current successor route. More than one feasible successor can exist.
IGP - Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) - Unknown
Origin - AS-Path - Next-Hop
Lowest cost route calculated by adding the cost between the next hop router and the destination (AD) and the cost between the local router and the next hop. This sum is referred to as the FD.

29. Describe a dual-homed network.
The minimum metric of the specific routes is used as the metric of the summary route.
Local Preference - Atomic Aggregate
A site that has two connections to the same ISP - either from one router or two routers. One might be primary and the other backup - or the site might load balance over both links. Either static or dynamic routing would work in this case.
The Type 7 LSA is translated into a Type 5 LSA by the ABR.

30. In a LAN - to which router(s) does a DROTHER send an update?
The command is applied on all routers in the area.
Lowest cost route calculated by adding the cost between the next hop router and the destination (AD) and the cost between the local router and the next hop. This sum is referred to as the FD.
Updates are sent to the DR.
External BGP is a BGP peering relationship between routers in different autonomous systems.

31. You are interested in monitoring the use of your regular expressions for manipulating the BGP routing process. What command can you use to display routes matching the AS-path regular expression?
Multi Exit Discriminator.
DROTHERs form an adjacency with the DR and BDR.
To display routes matching the AS-path regular expression - use the show ip bgp regexp command.
You must manipulate the K values on all routers if you plan to manipulate them on one.

32. What is the Private autonomous system number range used in BGP?
Hellos are sent every 60 seconds on multipoint circuits with bandwidth less than T1.
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address route-map name in
Lowest cost route calculated by adding the cost between the next hop router and the destination (AD) and the cost between the local router and the next hop. This sum is referred to as the FD.
The Private autonomous system number range is 64512[nd]65535.

33. By default - how much bandwidth does EIGRP consume on an interface for its operations?
The O indicates the route is an OSPF intra-area route. The network destination is within the same area as the router on which this command is issued.
EIGRP uses up to 50 percent of the bandwidth (as set by the bandwidth command) for its operations.
A list of all configured BGP neighbors. To view it - use the show ip bgp summary command.
BGP communicates over TCP port 179

34. For the Point-to-multipoint nonbroadcast Cisco mode of operation - fill in the following information: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? ________ DR/BDR election required? ________
IGP - Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) - Unknown
For an OSPF router to advertise a default route into an area - the command default-information originate must be used. If the advertising router does not possess a default route in its routing table - you can use the always keyword to still generate
Misconfigured neighbor statement - Unicast non-functional in NBMA environment
For the Point-to-multipoint nonbroadcast Cisco mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Manual - DR/BDR election required? Not required

35. You need to configure BGP community propagation for a large number of BGP neighbors. What is the ideal mechanism to use to assist with this configuration?
Misconfigured neighbor statement - Unicast non-functional in NBMA environment
The next hop router for a backup path is called the feasible successor.
10 seconds is the default Hello interval and the default Dead interval is 4 times that value.
BGP peer groups would be ideal for this situation.

36. What command do you use in OSPF to configure inter-area route summarization on the ABR?
For the Point-to-multipoint nonbroadcast Cisco mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Manual - DR/BDR election required? Not required
The Private autonomous system number range is 64512[nd]65535.
A Priority value of 0 is configured on all routers.
Use the following command to configure inter-area route summarization on the ABR: Router(config-router)# area area-id range address mask

37. What are the two methods by which BGP injects local routes into the BGP table?
The correct command is show ip bgp.
The BGP process injects local routes in two different ways[md]1) using the network configuration commands and 2) using redistribution by another routing protocol.
Use the following command to configure inter-area route summarization on the ABR: Router(config-router)# area area-id range address mask
External BGP is a BGP peering relationship between routers in different autonomous systems.

38. How can you change the amount of bandwidth that EIGRP consumes on an interface?
This percentage can be changed on a per-interface basis by using the ip bandwidth-percent eigrp interface configuration command.
The command is applied on all routers in the area.
You can configure manual manipulation of the AS-path attribute with the set as-path prepend command.
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address route-reflector-client

39. For the Point-to-point Cisco mode of operation - fill in the following information: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? ________ DR/BDR election required?
The default cost of the default route is 1.
Router(config-router)# area area-id default-cost cost
For the Point-to-point Cisco mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Dynamic DR/BDR election required? Not required
Open - Update - Keepalive - Notification

40. What is the command that you use in EIGRP to control the load balancing across unequal cost paths?
Use the Router(config-if)# ip ospf cost value command to override the cost value that is calculated for a particular interface.
ADD - Adds a line to a prefix-list filter on the remote peer - DELETE - Removes a line from a filter that was previously installed on a remote peer - DELETE ALL - Removes all previously installed filters on the remote peer
Use the variance command in EIGRP to control load balancing behavior[md]potentially across unequal bandwidth links.
The BGP process injects local routes in two different ways[md]1) using the network configuration commands and 2) using redistribution by another routing protocol.

41. What does a Type 2 LSA describe - what router produces it - and Where is it flooded?
Use the bgp default local-preference command to change the default local preference value applied to all updates coming from external neighbors or originating locally.
The Network LSA (Type 2) lists all attached routers. These LSAs are produced by the DR on every multi-access network. They are flooded within the originating area.
A list of paths to each network used by the router - and the next hop for each network. To view it - use the show ip route command.
EIGRP uses up to 50 percent of the bandwidth (as set by the bandwidth command) for its operations.

42. Name two Transitive BGP attributes.
Aggregator - Community
Border Gateway Protocol
Use the following command to configure inter-area route summarization on the ABR: Router(config-router)# area area-id range address mask
You can configure manual manipulation of the AS-path attribute with the set as-path prepend command.

43. In a Not-So-Stubby Area - what router translates the Type 7 LSA - and What is the LSA translated into?
The default value of the MED attribute is 0.
The Type 7 LSA is translated into a Type 5 LSA by the ABR.
Exterior Gateway Protocol(EGP). BGP v4 is the only EGP currently in use.
For the nonbroadcast (NBMA) RFC-compliant mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Manual - DR/BDR election required? DR/BDR election

44. How can you temporarily disable a BGP neighborship?
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address shutdown
Router(config-router)# area area_id authentication message-digest Note: Additional (interface configuration) commands are required for the configuration of authentication - but this is the router configuration command required.
The no-summary keyword needs to be used on the ABR only.
A list of networks known by BGP - along with their paths and attributes. To view it - use the show ip bgp command.

45. What are the three BGP route reception options?
External BGP is a BGP peering relationship between routers in different autonomous systems.
To qualify as a feasible successor - a next hop router must have an AD less than the FD of the current successor route. More than one feasible successor can exist.
Three different administrative distance values are possible for OSPF[md]intra-area routes - inter-area routes - and external routes. By default all are set to 110.
Default routes from each provider - default routes plus some more specific routes - and all routes from all providers. Either use static routes - or advertise the site routes to the ISP and receive a default route from the ISP.

46. What is the Advertised Distance (AD) in EIGRP?
Use the following command to configure route summarization on an ASBR to summarize external routes: Router(config-router)# summary-address address mask [not-advertise] [tag tag]
OSPF addresses packets to multicast address 224.0.0.5.
The AD is the cost between that next hop router and the destination.
IGP - Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) - Unknown

47. Describe Internal BGP.
Router(config-router)# area area-id default-cost cost
Confederations are another method of solving the IBGP full mesh requirement. Confederations are smaller sub-autonomous systems created within the primary autonomous system to decrease the number of BGP peer connections.
IBGP is a BGP peering relationship between routers in the same autonomous system.
OSPF addresses packets to multicast address 224.0.0.5.

48. Describe an autonomous system(AS).
Use the following command to configure inter-area route summarization on the ABR: Router(config-router)# area area-id range address mask
For the Point-to-point Cisco mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Dynamic DR/BDR election required? Not required
An autonomous system is a group of networks under a common administration. The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority(IANA) assigns AS numbers: 1 to 64511 are public AS numbers and 64512 to 65535 are private AS numbers.
The BGP standards define several filtering-oriented communities for your use: no-export - Do not advertise routes to real External BGP (EBGP) peers - no-advertise - Do not advertise routes to any peer - local-as - Do not advertise routes to any EBGP

49. Name at least two reasons that an OSPF neighbor can be stuck in the INIT state:
OSPF addresses packets to multicast address 224.0.0.6.
Access list or L2 problem blocking Hellos in one direction - Multicast non-functional on one side - Authentication configured on only one side - broadcast keyword missing from the map command
Updates are sent to the DR.
These route types are OSPF inter-area routes. They define networks outside of the area of the router - but within the autonomous system. Type 3 LSAs are used to advertise these route types.

50. You can reduce the flooding of LSAs in a stable network topology with what command?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183