Test your basic knowledge |

CCNP Route

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the default cost of the default route generated by the Totally Stubby configuration of OSPF area?
The default cost of the default route is 1.
When a problem occurs that causes a router to end the BGP peering session - a notificationmessage is sent to the BGP neighbor and the connection is closed.
200
This percentage can be changed on a per-interface basis by using the ip bandwidth-percent eigrp interface configuration command.

2. You are considering the use of the weight attribute to influence route selection. Is a higher or lower weight preferred by Cisco routers?
The O indicates the route is an OSPF intra-area route. The network destination is within the same area as the router on which this command is issued.
Cisco routers prefer a higher weight value.
The Private autonomous system number range is 64512[nd]65535.
This regular expression matches routes that originated in autonomous system 200.

3. You are engaged in route filtering using regular expressions. How can you match any single character?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

4. Identify the command that can be used to manually configure a neighbor in a NBMA OSPF environment.
The AD is the cost between that next hop router and the destination.
The no-summary keyword needs to be used on the ABR only.
The neighbor command can be used to manually configure a neighbor in a NBMA OSPF environment. The full syntax of the command is: - Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address [priority number] [poll-interval seconds] [cost number] [database-filter all
The command is applied on all routers in the area.

5. What is the command that you use to configure an area as Totally Stubby?
The default LSA aging timer is 30 minutes.
These are Type-2 external routes. Again - they define networks outside of the autonomous system and are advertised by Type 5 LSAs. In this case cost is always the external cost only. This is the default OSPF external route type on Cisco routers.
A site that has two connections to the same ISP - either from one router or two routers. One might be primary and the other backup - or the site might load balance over both links. Either static or dynamic routing would work in this case.
You use the following command to configure an area as Totally Stubby: Router(config-router)# area area-id stub no-summary

6. You can reduce the flooding of LSAs in a stable network topology with what command?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

7. What does a Type 7 LSA describe - what router produces it - and Where is it flooded by default?
Packets that require acknowledgement are as follows: Update - Query - Reply
The NSSA External (Type 7) LSA is almost identical to a Type 5 AS External LSA - yet it is used to create Not-So-Stubby Areas. An NSSA ASBR generates this LSA - and an NSSA ABR translates it into a Type 5 LSA - which gets propagated into the OSPF dom
Local Preference - Atomic Aggregate
Open - Update - Keepalive - Notification

8. What does BGP stand for?
The correct command to configure a Not-So-Stubby Area in OSPF is as follows: Router(config-router)# area area-id nssa [no-redistribution] [default-information-originate]
OSPF not enabled properly on appropriate interfaces - Layer 1 or 2 not functional - Passive interface configured - Access list(s) blocking Hello packets in multiple directions - Error in IP address or subnet mask configuration - Hello or Dead interva
The next route selection criteria is for the router to prefer the highest weight (local to router).
Border Gateway Protocol

9. To what IP address does OSPF send packets destined for all OSPF routers in the LAN?
Cisco's implementation of OSPF calculates the metric using the following formula: - cost = refbw/bandwidth - The default refbw is 100 Mbps.
Manually configured
BGP is a path-vector protocol
OSPF addresses packets to multicast address 224.0.0.5.

10. What is the correct router configuration command that must be issued on all routers in an OSPF area to use the strongest authentication method possible?
The Type 7 LSA is translated into a Type 5 LSA by the ABR.
To qualify as a feasible successor - a next hop router must have an AD less than the FD of the current successor route. More than one feasible successor can exist.
Origin - Next-hop - Weight - Community - Local preference - Multi Exit Discriminator (MED)
Router(config-router)# area area_id authentication message-digest Note: Additional (interface configuration) commands are required for the configuration of authentication - but this is the router configuration command required.

11. What is the effect of the network backdoor command in BGP?
Default routes from each provider - default routes plus some more specific routes - and all routes from all providers. Either use static routes - or advertise the site routes to the ISP and receive a default route from the ISP.
A site with a single ISP connection.
Interior Gateway Protocol(IGP)
The network backdoor router configuration command causes the administrative distance assigned to the network to be forced to 200. The goal is to make Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) learned routes preferred.

12. What is the default value of the MED attribute?
The default value of the MED attribute is 0.
This regular expression matches routes that originated in autonomous system 200.
You must manipulate the K values on all routers if you plan to manipulate them on one.
Router# clear ip bgp ip-address in

13. Describe a multihomed network.
You can use the show ip ospf command to verify the router ID of an OSPF-speaking router.
A site connected to more than one ISP at the same time. It is done for redundancy and backup if one ISP fails - and for better performance if one ISP provides a better path to frequently used networks. This also gives you an ISP-independent solution.
Use the neighbor [ip address] next-hop-self command in BGP configuration mode.
Open - Update - Keepalive - Notification

14. You have a hub and spoke topology - and you are using EIGRP as your IGP. You want only routes that you specify propagated from the spoke of your topology. What EIGRP feature allows you to configure this?
This percentage can be changed on a per-interface basis by using the ip bandwidth-percent eigrp interface configuration command.
Exterior Gateway Protocol(EGP). BGP v4 is the only EGP currently in use.
Router(config)# ip community-list 1-99 permit|deny value [ value ... ]
EIGRP stub routing is a feature that allows you to specify the routes that are propagated from the spoke.

15. When an EIGRP-speaking router receives Hello packets from a neighbor for the first time - How does the router respond if it has matching Hello parameters in the packet?
The router responds with an update of the routing information it possesses.
EIGRP uses the multicast IP address of 224.0.0.10 for Hellos and routing updates.
The Router LSA (Type 1) lists all of a router's links and their state. These LSAs are flooded within the area they originated.
For the Broadcast Cisco mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Dynamic - DR/BDR election required? DR/BDR election

16. What OSPF-related command allows you to reset the refbw value used in the formula for OSPF cost calculation?
The router responds with an update of the routing information it possesses.
A transit AS is an AS through which traffic to another AS travels - such as with an ISP.
To reset the value - use the following command on each router: Router(config-router)# auto-cost reference-bandwidth refbw
External BGP is a BGP peering relationship between routers in different autonomous systems.

17. Name at least one reason that an OSPF neighbor can be stuck in the ATTEMPT state.
The Database Description (DBD) packet type checks for database synchronization between routers.
The AS External (Type 5) LSAs advertise an external destination or a default route to an external destination. These LSAs are originated by ASBRs. They are flooded throughout the autonomous system.
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address shutdown
Misconfigured neighbor statement - Unicast non-functional in NBMA environment

18. Regarding the establishment of OSPF adjacencies - which state follows the Exstart State?
To ensure that the router ID can be pinged - be sure to advertise the address using the appropriate network command.
Route reflectors help address the fact that BGP requires that all BGP peers in the same autonomous system form an Internal BGP (IBGP) session with all peers in the autonomous system.
The BGP standards define several filtering-oriented communities for your use: no-export - Do not advertise routes to real External BGP (EBGP) peers - no-advertise - Do not advertise routes to any peer - local-as - Do not advertise routes to any EBGP
During the OSPF adjacency process - the Exchange State follows the Exstart State.

19. What is the correct command to configure community propagation to BGP neighbors?
Multi Exit Discriminator.
During the OSPF adjacency process - the Exchange State follows the Exstart State.
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address send-community
Use the following command to configure route summarization on an ASBR to summarize external routes: Router(config-router)# summary-address address mask [not-advertise] [tag tag]

20. How is route tagging with communities actually accomplished in BGP?
Router(config)# ip community-list 1-99 permit|deny value [ value ... ]
Router# clear ip bgp ip-address soft out
The default origin code for BGP routes that you inject using redistribution is unknown.
Route tagging with communities is always done with a route map. You can specify any number of communities. Communities specified in the set keyword overwrite existing communities unless you specify the additive option.

21. When a BGP router receives an update from an EBGP neighbor - it must pass that update to its IBGP neighbors without changing the next-hop attribute. Therefore - IBGP routers must have a route to the network connecting their autonomous system to that
Mismatched MTU - Corrupted link-state request packet
Use the neighbor [ip address] next-hop-self command in BGP configuration mode.
These are Type-2 external routes. Again - they define networks outside of the autonomous system and are advertised by Type 5 LSAs. In this case cost is always the external cost only. This is the default OSPF external route type on Cisco routers.
You can configure manual manipulation of the AS-path attribute with the set as-path prepend command.

22. When configuring a Not-So-Stubby Area - Where is the appropriate configuration command applied?
The AS External (Type 5) LSAs advertise an external destination or a default route to an external destination. These LSAs are originated by ASBRs. They are flooded throughout the autonomous system.
The command is applied on all routers in the area.
In EIGRP - a reliability of value 1 indicates a completely unreliable link.
Reduce the flooding of LSAs in stable topologies by setting LSAs to 'do not age' - Router(config-if)# ip ospf flood-reduction

23. You can manipulate the administrative distance of three different types of OSPF routes. What are the three types?
Three different administrative distance values are possible for OSPF[md]intra-area routes - inter-area routes - and external routes. By default all are set to 110.
To qualify as a feasible successor - a next hop router must have an AD less than the FD of the current successor route. More than one feasible successor can exist.
The default value of the MED attribute is 0.
The no-summary keyword needs to be used on the ABR only.

24. Describe Internal BGP.
For the nonbroadcast (NBMA) RFC-compliant mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Manual - DR/BDR election required? DR/BDR election
Cisco routers prefer a higher weight value.
For an OSPF router to advertise a default route into an area - the command default-information originate must be used. If the advertising router does not possess a default route in its routing table - you can use the always keyword to still generate
IBGP is a BGP peering relationship between routers in the same autonomous system.

25. What is the administrative distance for IBGP?
200
A site that has two connections to the same ISP - either from one router or two routers. One might be primary and the other backup - or the site might load balance over both links. Either static or dynamic routing would work in this case.
Mismatched interface MTU - Duplicate router IDs on routers - Broken unicast connectivity - Network type of point-to-point between PRI and BRI/dialer
This regular expression matches routes that originated in autonomous system 200.

26. In a LAN - with which router(s) does a DROTHER form an adjacency?
DROTHERs form an adjacency with the DR and BDR.
The BGP standards define several filtering-oriented communities for your use: no-export - Do not advertise routes to real External BGP (EBGP) peers - no-advertise - Do not advertise routes to any peer - local-as - Do not advertise routes to any EBGP
EIGRP uses the multicast IP address of 224.0.0.10 for Hellos and routing updates.
Packets that require acknowledgement are as follows: Update - Query - Reply

27. How many instances of BGP can be run on a single router?
Hellos are sent every 60 seconds on multipoint circuits with bandwidth less than T1.
The Cisco mode of Broadcast requires a full mesh topology.
Interior Gateway Protocol(IGP)
Only one instance of BGP can be run on a single router

28. You are examining the results of the show ip route command - and you notice several OSPF routes bear an O E2 route designator. What does this signify?
BGP is a path-vector protocol
For the Point-to-multipoint RFC-compliant mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Dynamic DR/BDR election required? Not required
These are Type-2 external routes. Again - they define networks outside of the autonomous system and are advertised by Type 5 LSAs. In this case cost is always the external cost only. This is the default OSPF external route type on Cisco routers.
These route types are OSPF inter-area routes. They define networks outside of the area of the router - but within the autonomous system. Type 3 LSAs are used to advertise these route types.

29. By default - how much bandwidth does EIGRP consume on an interface for its operations?
No DR/BDR election exists in a point-to-point environment by default.
To ensure that the router ID can be pinged - be sure to advertise the address using the appropriate network command.
EIGRP uses up to 50 percent of the bandwidth (as set by the bandwidth command) for its operations.
Type 7 LSAs are special external routes that you permit in a Not-So-Stubby area.

30. Another method is commonly used to solve the IBGP full mesh requirement. It involves the configuration of smaller sub-autonomous systems created within a primary autonomous system. What are these called?
Confederations are another method of solving the IBGP full mesh requirement. Confederations are smaller sub-autonomous systems created within the primary autonomous system to decrease the number of BGP peer connections.
The network backdoor router configuration command causes the administrative distance assigned to the network to be forced to 200. The goal is to make Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) learned routes preferred.
In EIGRP - a reliability of value 1 indicates a completely unreliable link.
This percentage can be changed on a per-interface basis by using the ip bandwidth-percent eigrp interface configuration command.

31. You need to configure BGP community propagation for a large number of BGP neighbors. What is the ideal mechanism to use to assist with this configuration?
Cisco's implementation of OSPF calculates the metric using the following formula: - cost = refbw/bandwidth - The default refbw is 100 Mbps.
The Network LSA (Type 2) lists all attached routers. These LSAs are produced by the DR on every multi-access network. They are flooded within the originating area.
BGP peer groups would be ideal for this situation.
Cisco routers prefer a higher weight value.

32. You want to propagate a default route to other EIGRP speakers in the autonomous system. What command do you used to accomplish this?
IBGP is a BGP peering relationship between routers in the same autonomous system.
The Router LSA (Type 1) lists all of a router's links and their state. These LSAs are flooded within the area they originated.
Using the default-network command - you can configure a default route for the EIGRP process so that it propagates to other EIGRP routers within the same autonomous system.
ADD - Adds a line to a prefix-list filter on the remote peer - DELETE - Removes a line from a filter that was previously installed on a remote peer - DELETE ALL - Removes all previously installed filters on the remote peer

33. Routing table
When a problem occurs that causes a router to end the BGP peering session - a notificationmessage is sent to the BGP neighbor and the connection is closed.
The default LSA aging timer is 30 minutes.
A list of paths to each network used by the router - and the next hop for each network. To view it - use the show ip route command.
The BGP standards define several filtering-oriented communities for your use: no-export - Do not advertise routes to real External BGP (EBGP) peers - no-advertise - Do not advertise routes to any peer - local-as - Do not advertise routes to any EBGP

34. What does a Type 5 LSA describe - what router produces it - and Where is it flooded by default?
The AS External (Type 5) LSAs advertise an external destination or a default route to an external destination. These LSAs are originated by ASBRs. They are flooded throughout the autonomous system.
The ASBR Summary (Type 4) LSA advertises an Autonomous System Boundary Router (ASBR) destination. This LSA is originated at an ABR. This LSA type is flooded throughout an autonomous system.
Router# clear ip bgp ip-address soft out
You use the following command to configure an area as Totally Stubby: Router(config-router)# area area-id stub no-summary

35. For the Point-to-multipoint RFC-compliant mode of operation - fill in the following information: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? ________ DR/BDR election required?
A list of paths to each network used by the router - and the next hop for each network. To view it - use the show ip route command.
For the Point-to-multipoint RFC-compliant mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Dynamic DR/BDR election required? Not required
For the Broadcast Cisco mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Dynamic - DR/BDR election required? DR/BDR election
Only one instance of BGP can be run on a single router

36. Given the fact that the BGP route selection process begins by excluding any route with an inaccessible next hop - What is the next route selection criteria that is used?
The next route selection criteria is for the router to prefer the highest weight (local to router).
EIGRP stub routing is a feature that allows you to specify the routes that are propagated from the spoke.
The neighbor command can be used to manually configure a neighbor in a NBMA OSPF environment. The full syntax of the command is: - Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address [priority number] [poll-interval seconds] [cost number] [database-filter all
These route types are OSPF inter-area routes. They define networks outside of the area of the router - but within the autonomous system. Type 3 LSAs are used to advertise these route types.

37. Describe a dual-homed network.
A site that has two connections to the same ISP - either from one router or two routers. One might be primary and the other backup - or the site might load balance over both links. Either static or dynamic routing would work in this case.
Manually configured
The next route selection criteria is for the router to prefer the highest weight (local to router).
A list of all configured BGP neighbors. To view it - use the show ip bgp summary command.

38. Name at least two reasons why an OSPF neighbor might be stuck in the EXSTART/EXCHANGE state.
IP network numbers and subnet masks (prefix-list or access-list) - Route originator - Next hop - Origin code - Tag value attached to an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) route - AS-path - Community - IGP route type
Mismatched interface MTU - Duplicate router IDs on routers - Broken unicast connectivity - Network type of point-to-point between PRI and BRI/dialer
Origin - Next-hop - Weight - Community - Local preference - Multi Exit Discriminator (MED)
[AS-number]:[low-order-16-bits]

39. For the nonbroadcast (NBMA) RFC-compliant mode of operation - fill in the following information: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? ________ DR/BDR election required?
Packets that require acknowledgement are as follows: Update - Query - Reply
For the nonbroadcast (NBMA) RFC-compliant mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Manual - DR/BDR election required? DR/BDR election
An ABR might not advertise a summary route for the following reasons:
Router# clear ip bgp ip-address in

40. Describe an autonomous system(AS).
An autonomous system is a group of networks under a common administration. The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority(IANA) assigns AS numbers: 1 to 64511 are public AS numbers and 64512 to 65535 are private AS numbers.
A site with two connections to multiple ISPs. This gives the most redundancy. BGP is used with the ISPs and can be used internally also.
The BGP standards define several filtering-oriented communities for your use: no-export - Do not advertise routes to real External BGP (EBGP) peers - no-advertise - Do not advertise routes to any peer - local-as - Do not advertise routes to any EBGP
For the Point-to-multipoint nonbroadcast Cisco mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Manual - DR/BDR election required? Not required

41. What does a Type 2 LSA describe - what router produces it - and Where is it flooded?
A list of networks known by BGP - along with their paths and attributes. To view it - use the show ip bgp command.
OSPF uses IP protocol number 89.
Router(config-router)# area area-id default-cost cost
The Network LSA (Type 2) lists all attached routers. These LSAs are produced by the DR on every multi-access network. They are flooded within the originating area.

42. What is the term for routers running BGP?
The Cisco mode of Broadcast requires a full mesh topology.
A site with two connections to multiple ISPs. This gives the most redundancy. BGP is used with the ISPs and can be used internally also.
20
BGP speakers

43. What is the command to configure a router as a BGP route reflector?
No DR/BDR election exists in a point-to-point environment by default.
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address route-reflector-client
Only one instance of BGP can be run on a single router
This network is currently unavailable and installation cannot occur in the routing table. The router is currently searching for a replacement route.

44. Name at least one reason why an OSPF neighbor might be stuck in the LOADING state.
An autonomous system is a group of networks under a common administration. The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority(IANA) assigns AS numbers: 1 to 64511 are public AS numbers and 64512 to 65535 are private AS numbers.
Mismatched MTU - Corrupted link-state request packet
After a neighbor is configured - BGP sends an open message to try to establish peering with that neighbor. Includes information such as autonomous system number - router ID - and hold time.
To ensure that the router ID can be pinged - be sure to advertise the address using the appropriate network command.

45. You have local BGP routing policies you can enact - and you have global autonomous system policies that you can implement. What is the purpose of local preference - local or global?
Local preference can be used to enact global autonomous system routing policies.
The minimum metric of the specific routes is used as the metric of the summary route.
The AD is the cost between that next hop router and the destination.
The command is applied on all routers in the area.

46. In a Not-So-Stubby Area - what router translates the Type 7 LSA - and What is the LSA translated into?
To reset the value - use the following command on each router: Router(config-router)# auto-cost reference-bandwidth refbw
Use the following command to configure inter-area route summarization on the ABR: Router(config-router)# area area-id range address mask
The Type 7 LSA is translated into a Type 5 LSA by the ABR.
Packets that require acknowledgement are as follows: Update - Query - Reply

47. The metric of EIGRP contains a reliability component. What is the value that indicates a completely unreliable link?
For an OSPF router to advertise a default route into an area - the command default-information originate must be used. If the advertising router does not possess a default route in its routing table - you can use the always keyword to still generate
The router passes the community information on unchanged.
In EIGRP - a reliability of value 1 indicates a completely unreliable link.
The next route selection criteria is for the router to prefer the highest weight (local to router).

48. For the Point-to-multipoint nonbroadcast Cisco mode of operation - fill in the following information: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? ________ DR/BDR election required? ________
Aggregator - Community
Router# clear ip bgp ip-address in
For the Point-to-multipoint nonbroadcast Cisco mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Manual - DR/BDR election required? Not required
This network is currently unavailable and installation cannot occur in the routing table. The router is currently searching for a replacement route.

49. How can you temporarily disable a BGP neighborship?
This network is currently unavailable and installation cannot occur in the routing table. The router is currently searching for a replacement route.
These are Type-2 external routes. Again - they define networks outside of the autonomous system and are advertised by Type 5 LSAs. In this case cost is always the external cost only. This is the default OSPF external route type on Cisco routers.
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address shutdown
To qualify as a feasible successor - a next hop router must have an AD less than the FD of the current successor route. More than one feasible successor can exist.

50. What does a Type 4 LSA describe - what router produces it - and Where is it flooded by default?
Router(config-router)# area area_id authentication message-digest Note: Additional (interface configuration) commands are required for the configuration of authentication - but this is the router configuration command required.
The ASBR Summary (Type 4) LSA advertises an Autonomous System Boundary Router (ASBR) destination. This LSA is originated at an ABR. This LSA type is flooded throughout an autonomous system.
After a neighbor is configured - BGP sends an open message to try to establish peering with that neighbor. Includes information such as autonomous system number - router ID - and hold time.
Using the default-metric command in BGP configuration mode causes all redistributed networks to have the specified MED value.