Test your basic knowledge |

CCNP Route

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Name three Mandatory Well-Known BGP attributes.
The correct command to configure a Not-So-Stubby Area in OSPF is as follows: Router(config-router)# area area-id nssa [no-redistribution] [default-information-originate]
Origin - AS-Path - Next-Hop
To reset the value - use the following command on each router: Router(config-router)# auto-cost reference-bandwidth refbw
20

2. Describe a typical form that your communities can take.
[AS-number]:[low-order-16-bits]
BGP peers exchange keepalive messages every 60 seconds by default. These keep the peering session active.
OSPF addresses packets to multicast address 224.0.0.5.
Local Preference - Atomic Aggregate

3. For the Point-to-multipoint nonbroadcast Cisco mode of operation - fill in the following information: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? ________ DR/BDR election required? ________
The router passes the community information on unchanged.
The AD is the cost between that next hop router and the destination.
For the Point-to-multipoint nonbroadcast Cisco mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Manual - DR/BDR election required? Not required
Interdomain routing

4. For the nonbroadcast (NBMA) RFC-compliant mode of operation - fill in the following information: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? ________ DR/BDR election required?
The command is applied on all routers in the area.
The ASBR Summary (Type 4) LSA advertises an Autonomous System Boundary Router (ASBR) destination. This LSA is originated at an ABR. This LSA type is flooded throughout an autonomous system.
For the nonbroadcast (NBMA) RFC-compliant mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Manual - DR/BDR election required? DR/BDR election
On-demand circuit is an enhancement that allows efficient operations over dialup - ISDN - and other on-demand circuits.

5. You can reduce the flooding of LSAs in a stable network topology with what command?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

6. How does EIGRP deal with a router that is slow in responding to reliable packets with acknowledgements?
Router(config-router)# area area_id authentication message-digest Note: Additional (interface configuration) commands are required for the configuration of authentication - but this is the router configuration command required.
Router(config)# ip community-list 1-99 permit|deny value [ value ... ]
Slow neighbors are sent unicast packets in an attempt to resolve issues with slow neighbors.
OSPF not enabled properly on appropriate interfaces - Layer 1 or 2 not functional - Passive interface configured - Access list(s) blocking Hello packets in multiple directions - Error in IP address or subnet mask configuration - Hello or Dead interva

7. How can you change the amount of bandwidth that EIGRP consumes on an interface?
10 seconds is the default Hello interval and the default Dead interval is 4 times that value.
Hellos are sent every 5 seconds on broadcast links - as well as p2p serial - p2p subinterface - and multipoint circuits greater than T1.
This percentage can be changed on a per-interface basis by using the ip bandwidth-percent eigrp interface configuration command.
The minimum metric of the specific routes is used as the metric of the summary route.

8. When an area is configured as Totally Stubby - what LSAs are flooded into the area?
You can use the show ip ospf command to verify the router ID of an OSPF-speaking router.
The only LSA flooded into the area is a single Type 3 default LSA.
Multi Exit Discriminator.
A transit AS is an AS through which traffic to another AS travels - such as with an ISP.

9. You have configured the demand-circuit configuration in your OSPF network - but the link keeps coming up because of OSPF. Name at least three possible reasons for this.
Origin - Next-hop - Weight - Community - Local preference - Multi Exit Discriminator (MED)
You must manipulate the K values on all routers if you plan to manipulate them on one.
EIGRP uses the multicast IP address of 224.0.0.10 for Hellos and routing updates.
Link flapping - Network type being broadcast - PPP host route being redistributed - One router being not demand-circuit capable

10. What kind of routing protocol is run between Autonomous Systems?
Exterior Gateway Protocol(EGP). BGP v4 is the only EGP currently in use.
Place a static route pointing to NULL0 in the IP routing table.
The O indicates the route is an OSPF intra-area route. The network destination is within the same area as the router on which this command is issued.
External BGP is a BGP peering relationship between routers in different autonomous systems.

11. You need to apply a route map to updates that are received from a BGP neighbor. What is the command you use to configure this?
BGP peers
A list of paths to each network used by the router - and the next hop for each network. To view it - use the show ip route command.
EIGRP uses IP protocol number 88.
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address route-map name in

12. What is the IP protocol number used by Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP)?
EIGRP uses IP protocol number 88.
The default origin code for BGP routes that you inject using redistribution is unknown.
Access list or L2 problem blocking Hellos in one direction - Multicast non-functional on one side - Authentication configured on only one side - broadcast keyword missing from the map command
For the Point-to-multipoint RFC-compliant mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Dynamic DR/BDR election required? Not required

13. When an EIGRP-speaking router receives Hello packets from a neighbor for the first time - How does the router respond if it has matching Hello parameters in the packet?
The correct command to configure a Not-So-Stubby Area in OSPF is as follows: Router(config-router)# area area-id nssa [no-redistribution] [default-information-originate]
The router responds with an update of the routing information it possesses.
Exterior Gateway Protocol(EGP). BGP v4 is the only EGP currently in use.
Router(config-router)# area area_id authentication message-digest Note: Additional (interface configuration) commands are required for the configuration of authentication - but this is the router configuration command required.

14. What does a Type 7 LSA describe - what router produces it - and Where is it flooded by default?
Reduce the flooding of LSAs in stable topologies by setting LSAs to 'do not age' - Router(config-if)# ip ospf flood-reduction
BGP's loop prevention mechanism is an autonomous system number. When an update about a network leaves an autonomous system - that autonomous system's number is prepended to the list of autonomous systems that have handled that update. When an autonom
These are Type-2 external routes. Again - they define networks outside of the autonomous system and are advertised by Type 5 LSAs. In this case cost is always the external cost only. This is the default OSPF external route type on Cisco routers.
The NSSA External (Type 7) LSA is almost identical to a Type 5 AS External LSA - yet it is used to create Not-So-Stubby Areas. An NSSA ASBR generates this LSA - and an NSSA ABR translates it into a Type 5 LSA - which gets propagated into the OSPF dom

15. For the Point-to-point Cisco mode of operation - fill in the following information: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? ________ DR/BDR election required?
For the Point-to-point Cisco mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Dynamic DR/BDR election required? Not required
A site with two connections to multiple ISPs. This gives the most redundancy. BGP is used with the ISPs and can be used internally also.
Local preference can be used to enact global autonomous system routing policies.
You can configure manual manipulation of the AS-path attribute with the set as-path prepend command.

16. You are considering the use of route maps in BGP for filtering purposes. Name at least five options for match clause criteria.
For the Point-to-multipoint RFC-compliant mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Dynamic DR/BDR election required? Not required
The default origin code for BGP routes that you inject using redistribution is unknown.
IP network numbers and subnet masks (prefix-list or access-list) - Route originator - Next hop - Origin code - Tag value attached to an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) route - AS-path - Community - IGP route type
EIGRP uses up to 50 percent of the bandwidth (as set by the bandwidth command) for its operations.

17. You are examining the results of the show ip route command - and you notice several OSPF routes bear an O IA route designator. What does this signify?
The router passes the community information on unchanged.
No DR/BDR election exists in a point-to-point environment by default.
These route types are OSPF inter-area routes. They define networks outside of the area of the router - but within the autonomous system. Type 3 LSAs are used to advertise these route types.
These are Type-2 external routes. Again - they define networks outside of the autonomous system and are advertised by Type 5 LSAs. In this case cost is always the external cost only. This is the default OSPF external route type on Cisco routers.

18. Are BGP neighbors manually configured or automatically discovered?
The command is applied on all routers in the area.
Multiply the IGRP metric by 256.
Manually configured
A site with two connections to multiple ISPs. This gives the most redundancy. BGP is used with the ISPs and can be used internally also.

19. What is the command that you use to configure an area as Totally Stubby?
The default value of the MED attribute is 0.
You use the following command to configure an area as Totally Stubby: Router(config-router)# area area-id stub no-summary
Cisco's implementation of OSPF calculates the metric using the following formula: - cost = refbw/bandwidth - The default refbw is 100 Mbps.
Use the following command to configure inter-area route summarization on the ABR: Router(config-router)# area area-id range address mask

20. To what IP address does OSPF send packets destined for the Designated Router (DR) and Backup Designated Router (BDR) in the LAN?
OSPF addresses packets to multicast address 224.0.0.6.
The network backdoor router configuration command causes the administrative distance assigned to the network to be forced to 200. The goal is to make Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) learned routes preferred.
Origin - AS-Path - Next-Hop
This percentage can be changed on a per-interface basis by using the ip bandwidth-percent eigrp interface configuration command.

21. What does a Type 4 LSA describe - what router produces it - and Where is it flooded by default?
The ASBR Summary (Type 4) LSA advertises an Autonomous System Boundary Router (ASBR) destination. This LSA is originated at an ABR. This LSA type is flooded throughout an autonomous system.
Lowest cost route calculated by adding the cost between the next hop router and the destination (AD) and the cost between the local router and the next hop. This sum is referred to as the FD.
Mismatched interface MTU - Duplicate router IDs on routers - Broken unicast connectivity - Network type of point-to-point between PRI and BRI/dialer
Border Gateway Protocol

22. You need all redistributed networks to have a specified MED value. What command should you use?
To reset the value - use the following command on each router: Router(config-router)# auto-cost reference-bandwidth refbw
Using the default-metric command in BGP configuration mode causes all redistributed networks to have the specified MED value.
The Network LSA (Type 2) lists all attached routers. These LSAs are produced by the DR on every multi-access network. They are flooded within the originating area.
Route reflectors help address the fact that BGP requires that all BGP peers in the same autonomous system form an Internal BGP (IBGP) session with all peers in the autonomous system.

23. Describe External BGP.
External BGP is a BGP peering relationship between routers in different autonomous systems.
The default cost of the default route is 1.
A list of networks known by BGP - along with their paths and attributes. To view it - use the show ip bgp command.
The ASBR Summary (Type 4) LSA advertises an Autonomous System Boundary Router (ASBR) destination. This LSA is originated at an ABR. This LSA type is flooded throughout an autonomous system.

24. Describe Internal BGP.
Type 7 LSAs are special external routes that you permit in a Not-So-Stubby area.
The no-summary keyword needs to be used on the ABR only.
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address shutdown
IBGP is a BGP peering relationship between routers in the same autonomous system.

25. What is the default origin code for BGP routes that you inject using redistribution?
The default origin code for BGP routes that you inject using redistribution is unknown.
Router# clear ip bgp ip-address in
Manually configured
The router responds with an update of the routing information it possesses.

26. Describe a dual-multihomed network.
Use the variance command in EIGRP to control load balancing behavior[md]potentially across unequal bandwidth links.
Interior Gateway Protocol(IGP)
The correct command to configure a Not-So-Stubby Area in OSPF is as follows: Router(config-router)# area area-id nssa [no-redistribution] [default-information-originate]
A site with two connections to multiple ISPs. This gives the most redundancy. BGP is used with the ISPs and can be used internally also.

27. Which of the Cisco OSPF nonbroadcast multiaccess (NBMA) modes of operation requires a full mesh topology?
A site with a single ISP connection.
The Cisco mode of Broadcast requires a full mesh topology.
The next route selection criteria is for the router to prefer the highest weight (local to router).
The default origin code for BGP routes that you inject using redistribution is unknown.

28. You need to distribute select BGP prefix information as specified in a prefix-list. What command do you use to enact this?
BGP speakers
This percentage can be changed on a per-interface basis by using the ip bandwidth-percent eigrp interface configuration command.
Router(config-router)# neighbor {ip-address | peer-group-name} prefix-list prefix-listname {in | out}
The next route selection criteria is for the router to prefer the highest weight (local to router).

29. What is the Feasible Distance (FD) value in EIGRP?
A site connected to more than one ISP at the same time. It is done for redundancy and backup if one ISP fails - and for better performance if one ISP provides a better path to frequently used networks. This also gives you an ISP-independent solution.
OSPF not enabled properly on appropriate interfaces - Layer 1 or 2 not functional - Passive interface configured - Access list(s) blocking Hello packets in multiple directions - Error in IP address or subnet mask configuration - Hello or Dead interva
For the Broadcast Cisco mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Dynamic - DR/BDR election required? DR/BDR election
Lowest cost route calculated by adding the cost between the next hop router and the destination (AD) and the cost between the local router and the next hop. This sum is referred to as the FD.

30. What is the term for routers running BGP?
An ABR might not advertise a summary route for the following reasons:
BGP peers exchange keepalive messages every 60 seconds by default. These keep the peering session active.
BGP speakers
Cisco's implementation of OSPF calculates the metric using the following formula: - cost = refbw/bandwidth - The default refbw is 100 Mbps.

31. What are the three BGP route reception options?
This regular expression matches routes that originated in autonomous system 200.
OSPF addresses packets to multicast address 224.0.0.6.
Default routes from each provider - default routes plus some more specific routes - and all routes from all providers. Either use static routes - or advertise the site routes to the ISP and receive a default route from the ISP.
This percentage can be changed on a per-interface basis by using the ip bandwidth-percent eigrp interface configuration command.

32. You have a serial point-to-point connection in your OSPF-enabled WAN environment. Is there a DR/BDR election process in this environment by default?
No DR/BDR election exists in a point-to-point environment by default.
External BGP is a BGP peering relationship between routers in different autonomous systems.
Packets that require acknowledgement are as follows: Update - Query - Reply
The correct command is show ip bgp.

33. If you do not use the router-id command - how is the router ID selected on an OSPF speaking router?
The highest IP address of an active interface is selected; any loopback interface overrides this behavior. Therefore - if you have loopback interfaces - the highest IP address on an active loopback interface is selected.
ADD - Adds a line to a prefix-list filter on the remote peer - DELETE - Removes a line from a filter that was previously installed on a remote peer - DELETE ALL - Removes all previously installed filters on the remote peer
A list of networks known by BGP - along with their paths and attributes. To view it - use the show ip bgp command.
Mismatched MTU - Corrupted link-state request packet

34. You are using the show ip eigrp topology command to troubleshoot your EIGRP network. You notice an entry is marked as Active. What does this indicate?
10 seconds is the default Hello interval and the default Dead interval is 4 times that value.
This network is currently unavailable and installation cannot occur in the routing table. The router is currently searching for a replacement route.
EIGRP stub routing is a feature that allows you to specify the routes that are propagated from the spoke.
BGP speakers

35. Regarding the establishment of OSPF adjacencies - which state follows the Exstart State?
The default value of the MED attribute is 0.
During the OSPF adjacency process - the Exchange State follows the Exstart State.
ADD - Adds a line to a prefix-list filter on the remote peer - DELETE - Removes a line from a filter that was previously installed on a remote peer - DELETE ALL - Removes all previously installed filters on the remote peer
An autonomous system is a group of networks under a common administration. The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority(IANA) assigns AS numbers: 1 to 64511 are public AS numbers and 64512 to 65535 are private AS numbers.

36. Name at least one reason that an OSPF neighbor can be stuck in the ATTEMPT state.
Misconfigured neighbor statement - Unicast non-functional in NBMA environment
The Network LSA (Type 2) lists all attached routers. These LSAs are produced by the DR on every multi-access network. They are flooded within the originating area.
Router# clear ip bgp ip-address soft out
BGP peer groups would be ideal for this situation.

37. How do you ensure the router ID is changed on a device following the use of the router-id command?
To display routes matching the AS-path regular expression - use the show ip bgp regexp command.
The NSSA External (Type 7) LSA is almost identical to a Type 5 AS External LSA - yet it is used to create Not-So-Stubby Areas. An NSSA ASBR generates this LSA - and an NSSA ABR translates it into a Type 5 LSA - which gets propagated into the OSPF dom
Using the default-metric command in BGP configuration mode causes all redistributed networks to have the specified MED value.
Once using the command - you use the clear ip ospf process to reset the OSPF process and change the router ID.

38. How can a router qualify as a feasible successor in EIGRP?
To qualify as a feasible successor - a next hop router must have an AD less than the FD of the current successor route. More than one feasible successor can exist.
You can configure manual manipulation of the AS-path attribute with the set as-path prepend command.
BGP peers
Misconfigured neighbor statement - Unicast non-functional in NBMA environment

39. In a LAN - with which router(s) does a DROTHER form an adjacency?
DROTHERs form an adjacency with the DR and BDR.
The default cost of the default route is 1.
A site with two connections to multiple ISPs. This gives the most redundancy. BGP is used with the ISPs and can be used internally also.
Hellos are sent every 60 seconds on multipoint circuits with bandwidth less than T1.

40. You are examining the results of the show ip route command - and you notice several OSPF routes bear an O E1 route designator. What does this signify?
A Priority value of 0 is configured on all routers.
The only LSA flooded into the area is a single Type 3 default LSA.
These routes are Type-1 external routes. They define networks outside of the autonomous system and are advertised by Type 5 LSAs. The cost is calculated by adding the external cost to the internal cost of each link that the packet crosses. The use of
EIGRP uses up to 50 percent of the bandwidth (as set by the bandwidth command) for its operations.

41. How often are Hello packets sent on a point-to-point subinterface in an EIGRP environment?
For an OSPF router to advertise a default route into an area - the command default-information originate must be used. If the advertising router does not possess a default route in its routing table - you can use the always keyword to still generate
Origin - AS-Path - Next-Hop
The NSSA External (Type 7) LSA is almost identical to a Type 5 AS External LSA - yet it is used to create Not-So-Stubby Areas. An NSSA ASBR generates this LSA - and an NSSA ABR translates it into a Type 5 LSA - which gets propagated into the OSPF dom
Hellos are sent every 5 seconds on broadcast links - as well as p2p serial - p2p subinterface - and multipoint circuits greater than T1.

42. Name two Transitive BGP attributes.
Exterior Gateway Protocol(EGP). BGP v4 is the only EGP currently in use.
The router passes the community information on unchanged.
Aggregator - Community
The Router LSA (Type 1) lists all of a router's links and their state. These LSAs are flooded within the area they originated.

43. What are two possible causes for an ABR not to advertise a summary route?
The AS External (Type 5) LSAs advertise an external destination or a default route to an external destination. These LSAs are originated by ASBRs. They are flooded throughout the autonomous system.
An ABR might not advertise a summary route for the following reasons:
These route types are OSPF inter-area routes. They define networks outside of the area of the router - but within the autonomous system. Type 3 LSAs are used to advertise these route types.
The default LSA aging timer is 30 minutes.

44. What command do you use in OSPF to configure inter-area route summarization on the ABR?
A site connected to more than one ISP at the same time. It is done for redundancy and backup if one ISP fails - and for better performance if one ISP provides a better path to frequently used networks. This also gives you an ISP-independent solution.
Use the following command to configure inter-area route summarization on the ABR: Router(config-router)# area area-id range address mask
Aggregator - Community
The default origin code for BGP routes that you inject using redistribution is unknown.

45. What is the default Hello interval for OSPF in a LAN?
10 seconds is the default Hello interval and the default Dead interval is 4 times that value.
Use the neighbor [ip address] next-hop-self command in BGP configuration mode.
Use the bgp default local-preference command to change the default local preference value applied to all updates coming from external neighbors or originating locally.
When a problem occurs that causes a router to end the BGP peering session - a notificationmessage is sent to the BGP neighbor and the connection is closed.

46. Why might an OSPF neighbor be stuck in the 2-WAY state?
An autonomous system is a group of networks under a common administration. The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority(IANA) assigns AS numbers: 1 to 64511 are public AS numbers and 64512 to 65535 are private AS numbers.
This network is currently unavailable and installation cannot occur in the routing table. The router is currently searching for a replacement route.
BGP is a path-vector protocol
A Priority value of 0 is configured on all routers.

47. What is the administrative distance for IBGP?
200
Cisco routers prefer a higher weight value.
Mismatched interface MTU - Duplicate router IDs on routers - Broken unicast connectivity - Network type of point-to-point between PRI and BRI/dialer
The AS External (Type 5) LSAs advertise an external destination or a default route to an external destination. These LSAs are originated by ASBRs. They are flooded throughout the autonomous system.

48. Name at least two reasons why an OSPF neighbor might be stuck in the EXSTART/EXCHANGE state.
Message used to transfer routing information between peers. Includes new routes - withdrawn routes - and path attributes.
Mismatched interface MTU - Duplicate router IDs on routers - Broken unicast connectivity - Network type of point-to-point between PRI and BRI/dialer
To display routes matching the AS-path regular expression - use the show ip bgp regexp command.
The no-summary keyword needs to be used on the ABR only.

49. In a Not-So-Stubby Area - what router translates the Type 7 LSA - and What is the LSA translated into?
Use the neighbor [ip address] next-hop-self command in BGP configuration mode.
A site with a single ISP connection.
The Type 7 LSA is translated into a Type 5 LSA by the ABR.
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address send-community

50. What is the command to configure a router as a BGP route reflector?
The default cost of the default route is 1.
Cisco's implementation of OSPF calculates the metric using the following formula: - cost = refbw/bandwidth - The default refbw is 100 Mbps.
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address route-reflector-client
BGP peers exchange keepalive messages every 60 seconds by default. These keep the peering session active.