Test your basic knowledge |

CCNP Route

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What does a Type 2 LSA describe - what router produces it - and Where is it flooded?
Router(config-router)# area area-id default-cost cost
EIGRP uses IP protocol number 88.
Only one instance of BGP can be run on a single router
The Network LSA (Type 2) lists all attached routers. These LSAs are produced by the DR on every multi-access network. They are flooded within the originating area.

2. For the Point-to-multipoint RFC-compliant mode of operation - fill in the following information: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? ________ DR/BDR election required?
To qualify as a feasible successor - a next hop router must have an AD less than the FD of the current successor route. More than one feasible successor can exist.
For the Point-to-multipoint RFC-compliant mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Dynamic DR/BDR election required? Not required
Packets that require acknowledgement are as follows: Update - Query - Reply
The highest IP address of an active interface is selected; any loopback interface overrides this behavior. Therefore - if you have loopback interfaces - the highest IP address on an active loopback interface is selected.

3. You need to advertise a default route into an area regardless of whether or not a default route exists on the router. What command do you use to configure this?
Mismatched MTU - Corrupted link-state request packet
For an OSPF router to advertise a default route into an area - the command default-information originate must be used. If the advertising router does not possess a default route in its routing table - you can use the always keyword to still generate
The Private autonomous system number range is 64512[nd]65535.
The NSSA External (Type 7) LSA is almost identical to a Type 5 AS External LSA - yet it is used to create Not-So-Stubby Areas. An NSSA ASBR generates this LSA - and an NSSA ABR translates it into a Type 5 LSA - which gets propagated into the OSPF dom

4. How can you change the amount of bandwidth that EIGRP consumes on an interface?
The BGP standards define several filtering-oriented communities for your use: no-export - Do not advertise routes to real External BGP (EBGP) peers - no-advertise - Do not advertise routes to any peer - local-as - Do not advertise routes to any EBGP
This percentage can be changed on a per-interface basis by using the ip bandwidth-percent eigrp interface configuration command.
The Cisco mode of Broadcast requires a full mesh topology.
A list of paths to each network used by the router - and the next hop for each network. To view it - use the show ip route command.

5. What is the correct router configuration command that must be issued on all routers in an OSPF area to use the strongest authentication method possible?
Interdomain routing
The default value of the MED attribute is 0.
Aggregator - Community
Router(config-router)# area area_id authentication message-digest Note: Additional (interface configuration) commands are required for the configuration of authentication - but this is the router configuration command required.

6. You are considering the use of the weight attribute to influence route selection. Is a higher or lower weight preferred by Cisco routers?
Border Gateway Protocol
Cisco routers prefer a higher weight value.
The Type 7 LSA is translated into a Type 5 LSA by the ABR.
The NSSA External (Type 7) LSA is almost identical to a Type 5 AS External LSA - yet it is used to create Not-So-Stubby Areas. An NSSA ASBR generates this LSA - and an NSSA ABR translates it into a Type 5 LSA - which gets propagated into the OSPF dom

7. What command do you use to configure route summarization on an ASBR to summarize external routes?
The Type 7 LSA is translated into a Type 5 LSA by the ABR.
Use the following command to configure route summarization on an ASBR to summarize external routes: Router(config-router)# summary-address address mask [not-advertise] [tag tag]
No DR/BDR election exists in a point-to-point environment by default.
Packets that require acknowledgement are as follows: Update - Query - Reply

8. What is the IP protocol number used by Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP)?
The command is applied on all routers in the area.
EIGRP uses IP protocol number 88.
For an OSPF router to advertise a default route into an area - the command default-information originate must be used. If the advertising router does not possess a default route in its routing table - you can use the always keyword to still generate
The default origin code for BGP routes that you inject using redistribution is unknown.

9. What is the administrative distance for IBGP?
200
Use the bgp default local-preference command to change the default local preference value applied to all updates coming from external neighbors or originating locally.
This percentage can be changed on a per-interface basis by using the ip bandwidth-percent eigrp interface configuration command.
The Cisco mode of Broadcast requires a full mesh topology.

10. When an EIGRP-speaking router receives Hello packets from a neighbor for the first time - How does the router respond if it has matching Hello parameters in the packet?
A list of all configured BGP neighbors. To view it - use the show ip bgp summary command.
An autonomous system is a group of networks under a common administration. The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority(IANA) assigns AS numbers: 1 to 64511 are public AS numbers and 64512 to 65535 are private AS numbers.
Multi Exit Discriminator.
The router responds with an update of the routing information it possesses.

11. What command do you use in OSPF to configure inter-area route summarization on the ABR?
BGP peers
Use the following command to configure inter-area route summarization on the ABR: Router(config-router)# area area-id range address mask
The minimum metric of the specific routes is used as the metric of the summary route.
You can configure manual manipulation of the AS-path attribute with the set as-path prepend command.

12. Why might an OSPF neighbor be stuck in the 2-WAY state?
To reset the value - use the following command on each router: Router(config-router)# auto-cost reference-bandwidth refbw
Cisco's implementation of OSPF calculates the metric using the following formula: - cost = refbw/bandwidth - The default refbw is 100 Mbps.
The Network Summary (Type 3) LSA is sent into an area to advertise destinations outside the area. These LSAs are originated by Area Border Routers (ABRs). They flood throughout the autonomous system.
A Priority value of 0 is configured on all routers.

13. For the nonbroadcast (NBMA) RFC-compliant mode of operation - fill in the following information: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? ________ DR/BDR election required?
BGP peer groups would be ideal for this situation.
EIGRP uses the multicast IP address of 224.0.0.10 for Hellos and routing updates.
For the nonbroadcast (NBMA) RFC-compliant mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Manual - DR/BDR election required? DR/BDR election
IGP - Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) - Unknown

14. What is the formula used by OSPF for the calculation of cost?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

15. You need to configure BGP community propagation for a large number of BGP neighbors. What is the ideal mechanism to use to assist with this configuration?
After a neighbor is configured - BGP sends an open message to try to establish peering with that neighbor. Includes information such as autonomous system number - router ID - and hold time.
The no-summary keyword needs to be used on the ABR only.
BGP peer groups would be ideal for this situation.
Open - Update - Keepalive - Notification

16. What does a Type 4 LSA describe - what router produces it - and Where is it flooded by default?
Misconfigured neighbor statement - Unicast non-functional in NBMA environment
The default origin code for BGP routes that you inject using redistribution is unknown.
The ASBR Summary (Type 4) LSA advertises an Autonomous System Boundary Router (ASBR) destination. This LSA is originated at an ABR. This LSA type is flooded throughout an autonomous system.
Confederations are another method of solving the IBGP full mesh requirement. Confederations are smaller sub-autonomous systems created within the primary autonomous system to decrease the number of BGP peer connections.

17. What is the term for BGP neighbors?
On-demand circuit is an enhancement that allows efficient operations over dialup - ISDN - and other on-demand circuits.
BGP speakers
BGP peers
To display routes matching the AS-path regular expression - use the show ip bgp regexp command.

18. You have a serial point-to-point connection in your OSPF-enabled WAN environment. Is there a DR/BDR election process in this environment by default?
IGP - Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) - Unknown
No DR/BDR election exists in a point-to-point environment by default.
200
Mismatched MTU - Corrupted link-state request packet

19. You need to distribute select BGP prefix information as specified in a prefix-list. What command do you use to enact this?
These routes are Type-1 external routes. They define networks outside of the autonomous system and are advertised by Type 5 LSAs. The cost is calculated by adding the external cost to the internal cost of each link that the packet crosses. The use of
[AS-number]:[low-order-16-bits]
To ensure that the router ID can be pinged - be sure to advertise the address using the appropriate network command.
Router(config-router)# neighbor {ip-address | peer-group-name} prefix-list prefix-listname {in | out}

20. How do you override the cost value that is calculated for a particular interface?
20
DROTHERs form an adjacency with the DR and BDR.
These are Type-2 external routes. Again - they define networks outside of the autonomous system and are advertised by Type 5 LSAs. In this case cost is always the external cost only. This is the default OSPF external route type on Cisco routers.
Use the Router(config-if)# ip ospf cost value command to override the cost value that is calculated for a particular interface.

21. What are two possible causes for an ABR not to advertise a summary route?
Type 7 LSAs are special external routes that you permit in a Not-So-Stubby area.
An ABR might not advertise a summary route for the following reasons:
Lowest cost route calculated by adding the cost between the next hop router and the destination (AD) and the cost between the local router and the next hop. This sum is referred to as the FD.
No DR/BDR election exists in a point-to-point environment by default.

22. What is the default Hello interval for OSPF in a LAN?
Cisco's implementation of OSPF calculates the metric using the following formula: - cost = refbw/bandwidth - The default refbw is 100 Mbps.
Lowest cost route calculated by adding the cost between the next hop router and the destination (AD) and the cost between the local router and the next hop. This sum is referred to as the FD.
10 seconds is the default Hello interval and the default Dead interval is 4 times that value.
A transit AS is an AS through which traffic to another AS travels - such as with an ISP.

23. Name at least two standard filtering-oriented communities for use in BGP.
A site that has two connections to the same ISP - either from one router or two routers. One might be primary and the other backup - or the site might load balance over both links. Either static or dynamic routing would work in this case.
The BGP standards define several filtering-oriented communities for your use: no-export - Do not advertise routes to real External BGP (EBGP) peers - no-advertise - Do not advertise routes to any peer - local-as - Do not advertise routes to any EBGP
BGP's loop prevention mechanism is an autonomous system number. When an update about a network leaves an autonomous system - that autonomous system's number is prepended to the list of autonomous systems that have handled that update. When an autonom
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address send-community

24. The metric of EIGRP contains a reliability component. What is the value that indicates a completely unreliable link?
Reduce the flooding of LSAs in stable topologies by setting LSAs to 'do not age' - Router(config-if)# ip ospf flood-reduction
In EIGRP - a reliability of value 1 indicates a completely unreliable link.
Multiply the IGRP metric by 256.
Packets that require acknowledgement are as follows: Update - Query - Reply

25. What are five possible reasons that the OSPF neighbor list might be empty when troubleshooting OSPF?
OSPF not enabled properly on appropriate interfaces - Layer 1 or 2 not functional - Passive interface configured - Access list(s) blocking Hello packets in multiple directions - Error in IP address or subnet mask configuration - Hello or Dead interva
EIGRP uses IP protocol number 88.
The BGP standards define several filtering-oriented communities for your use: no-export - Do not advertise routes to real External BGP (EBGP) peers - no-advertise - Do not advertise routes to any peer - local-as - Do not advertise routes to any EBGP
Use the Router(config-if)# ip ospf cost value command to override the cost value that is calculated for a particular interface.

26. If you do not use the router-id command - how is the router ID selected on an OSPF speaking router?
Open - Update - Keepalive - Notification
The highest IP address of an active interface is selected; any loopback interface overrides this behavior. Therefore - if you have loopback interfaces - the highest IP address on an active loopback interface is selected.
You can configure manual manipulation of the AS-path attribute with the set as-path prepend command.
Local preference can be used to enact global autonomous system routing policies.

27. What is the command to change the cost of the default route used within a Totally Stubby area?
External BGP is a BGP peering relationship between routers in different autonomous systems.
Router(config-router)# area area-id default-cost cost
A list of paths to each network used by the router - and the next hop for each network. To view it - use the show ip route command.
Use the neighbor [ip address] next-hop-self command in BGP configuration mode.

28. Name three Mandatory Well-Known BGP attributes.
Origin - AS-Path - Next-Hop
These are Type-2 external routes. Again - they define networks outside of the autonomous system and are advertised by Type 5 LSAs. In this case cost is always the external cost only. This is the default OSPF external route type on Cisco routers.
Border Gateway Protocol
OSPF addresses packets to multicast address 224.0.0.6.

29. You are using the show ip eigrp topology command to troubleshoot your EIGRP network. You notice an entry is marked as Active. What does this indicate?
This network is currently unavailable and installation cannot occur in the routing table. The router is currently searching for a replacement route.
When a problem occurs that causes a router to end the BGP peering session - a notificationmessage is sent to the BGP neighbor and the connection is closed.
The BGP standards define several filtering-oriented communities for your use: no-export - Do not advertise routes to real External BGP (EBGP) peers - no-advertise - Do not advertise routes to any peer - local-as - Do not advertise routes to any EBGP
You use the following command to configure an area as Totally Stubby: Router(config-router)# area area-id stub no-summary

30. Describe Internal BGP.
Router(config-router)# neighbor {ip-address | peer-group-name} prefix-list prefix-listname {in | out}
IBGP is a BGP peering relationship between routers in the same autonomous system.
OSPF uses IP protocol number 89.
Packets that require acknowledgement are as follows: Update - Query - Reply

31. In a LAN - with which router(s) does a DROTHER form an adjacency?
The default origin code for BGP routes that you inject using redistribution is unknown.
You use the following command to configure an area as Totally Stubby: Router(config-router)# area area-id stub no-summary
Default routes from each provider - default routes plus some more specific routes - and all routes from all providers. Either use static routes - or advertise the site routes to the ISP and receive a default route from the ISP.
DROTHERs form an adjacency with the DR and BDR.

32. What is the correct command to configure community propagation to BGP neighbors?
ADD - Adds a line to a prefix-list filter on the remote peer - DELETE - Removes a line from a filter that was previously installed on a remote peer - DELETE ALL - Removes all previously installed filters on the remote peer
[AS-number]:[low-order-16-bits]
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address send-community
EIGRP uses the multicast IP address of 224.0.0.10 for Hellos and routing updates.

33. Describe a multihomed network.
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address shutdown
String matching ranges and wildcards - brackets '[]' can be used for ranges - and the '.' can match any single character.
The router passes the community information on unchanged.
A site connected to more than one ISP at the same time. It is done for redundancy and backup if one ISP fails - and for better performance if one ISP provides a better path to frequently used networks. This also gives you an ISP-independent solution.

34. What does a Type 3 LSA describe - what router produces it - and Where is it flooded by default?
IP network numbers and subnet masks (prefix-list or access-list) - Route originator - Next hop - Origin code - Tag value attached to an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) route - AS-path - Community - IGP route type
BGP peers
The default cost of the default route is 1.
The Network Summary (Type 3) LSA is sent into an area to advertise destinations outside the area. These LSAs are originated by Area Border Routers (ABRs). They flood throughout the autonomous system.

35. Describe a typical form that your communities can take.
You can configure manual manipulation of the AS-path attribute with the set as-path prepend command.
DROTHERs form an adjacency with the DR and BDR.
[AS-number]:[low-order-16-bits]
Access list or L2 problem blocking Hellos in one direction - Multicast non-functional on one side - Authentication configured on only one side - broadcast keyword missing from the map command

36. For the Broadcast Cisco mode of operation - fill in the following information: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? ________ - DR/BDR election required? ________
The BGP process injects local routes in two different ways[md]1) using the network configuration commands and 2) using redistribution by another routing protocol.
For the Broadcast Cisco mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Dynamic - DR/BDR election required? DR/BDR election
Link flapping - Network type being broadcast - PPP host route being redistributed - One router being not demand-circuit capable
Cisco's implementation of OSPF calculates the metric using the following formula: - cost = refbw/bandwidth - The default refbw is 100 Mbps.

37. Name two Transitive BGP attributes.
Three different administrative distance values are possible for OSPF[md]intra-area routes - inter-area routes - and external routes. By default all are set to 110.
Aggregator - Community
The Private autonomous system number range is 64512[nd]65535.
For the Broadcast Cisco mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Dynamic - DR/BDR election required? DR/BDR election

38. Another method is commonly used to solve the IBGP full mesh requirement. It involves the configuration of smaller sub-autonomous systems created within a primary autonomous system. What are these called?
Confederations are another method of solving the IBGP full mesh requirement. Confederations are smaller sub-autonomous systems created within the primary autonomous system to decrease the number of BGP peer connections.
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address route-reflector-client
The next route selection criteria is for the router to prefer the highest weight (local to router).
To ensure that the router ID can be pinged - be sure to advertise the address using the appropriate network command.

39. How does EIGRP deal with a router that is slow in responding to reliable packets with acknowledgements?
Slow neighbors are sent unicast packets in an attempt to resolve issues with slow neighbors.
200
BGP communicates over TCP port 179
The Cisco mode of Broadcast requires a full mesh topology.

40. What OSPF-related command allows you to reset the refbw value used in the formula for OSPF cost calculation?
When a problem occurs that causes a router to end the BGP peering session - a notificationmessage is sent to the BGP neighbor and the connection is closed.
The BGP process injects local routes in two different ways[md]1) using the network configuration commands and 2) using redistribution by another routing protocol.
To reset the value - use the following command on each router: Router(config-router)# auto-cost reference-bandwidth refbw
BGP communicates over TCP port 179

41. Describe a dual-multihomed network.
Mismatched interface MTU - Duplicate router IDs on routers - Broken unicast connectivity - Network type of point-to-point between PRI and BRI/dialer
A site with two connections to multiple ISPs. This gives the most redundancy. BGP is used with the ISPs and can be used internally also.
These route types are OSPF inter-area routes. They define networks outside of the area of the router - but within the autonomous system. Type 3 LSAs are used to advertise these route types.
Hellos are sent every 60 seconds on multipoint circuits with bandwidth less than T1.

42. What does a Type 1 LSA describe and Where is this LSA flooded?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

43. How do you ensure the router ID is changed on a device following the use of the router-id command?
The Type 7 LSA is translated into a Type 5 LSA by the ABR.
Lowest cost route calculated by adding the cost between the next hop router and the destination (AD) and the cost between the local router and the next hop. This sum is referred to as the FD.
The network backdoor router configuration command causes the administrative distance assigned to the network to be forced to 200. The goal is to make Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) learned routes preferred.
Once using the command - you use the clear ip ospf process to reset the OSPF process and change the router ID.

44. BGP database - or Routing Information Base
A list of networks known by BGP - along with their paths and attributes. To view it - use the show ip bgp command.
[AS-number]:[low-order-16-bits]
A site with a single ISP connection.
The default origin code for BGP routes that you inject using redistribution is unknown.

45. Neighbor database
A list of all configured BGP neighbors. To view it - use the show ip bgp summary command.
The default cost of the default route is 1.
Cisco routers prefer a higher weight value.
IP network numbers and subnet masks (prefix-list or access-list) - Route originator - Next hop - Origin code - Tag value attached to an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) route - AS-path - Community - IGP route type

46. Name at least one reason that an OSPF neighbor can be stuck in the ATTEMPT state.
Misconfigured neighbor statement - Unicast non-functional in NBMA environment
Link flapping - Network type being broadcast - PPP host route being redistributed - One router being not demand-circuit capable
On-demand circuit is an enhancement that allows efficient operations over dialup - ISDN - and other on-demand circuits.
Cisco routers prefer a higher weight value.

47. You are utilizing the soft reconfiguration feature of Cisco IOS Release 12.x with BGP. You have completed the changes to filters and route maps that are applied on the outgoing information. What command should you execute?
Router# clear ip bgp ip-address soft out
IP network numbers and subnet masks (prefix-list or access-list) - Route originator - Next hop - Origin code - Tag value attached to an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) route - AS-path - Community - IGP route type
The highest IP address of an active interface is selected; any loopback interface overrides this behavior. Therefore - if you have loopback interfaces - the highest IP address on an active loopback interface is selected.
Using the default-network command - you can configure a default route for the EIGRP process so that it propagates to other EIGRP routers within the same autonomous system.

48. What is the default link-state advertisement (LSA) aging timer?
Packets that require acknowledgement are as follows: Update - Query - Reply
The highest IP address of an active interface is selected; any loopback interface overrides this behavior. Therefore - if you have loopback interfaces - the highest IP address on an active loopback interface is selected.
The default LSA aging timer is 30 minutes.
Local Preference - Atomic Aggregate

49. You are interested in monitoring the use of your regular expressions for manipulating the BGP routing process. What command can you use to display routes matching the AS-path regular expression?
To display routes matching the AS-path regular expression - use the show ip bgp regexp command.
The command is applied on all routers in the area.
Multi Exit Discriminator.
BGP's loop prevention mechanism is an autonomous system number. When an update about a network leaves an autonomous system - that autonomous system's number is prepended to the list of autonomous systems that have handled that update. When an autonom

50. You need all redistributed networks to have a specified MED value. What command should you use?
Using the default-metric command in BGP configuration mode causes all redistributed networks to have the specified MED value.
OSPF addresses packets to multicast address 224.0.0.5.
A site that has two connections to the same ISP - either from one router or two routers. One might be primary and the other backup - or the site might load balance over both links. Either static or dynamic routing would work in this case.
A site with a single ISP connection.