Test your basic knowledge |

CCNP Route

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What kind of routing protocol is run between Autonomous Systems?
For the Point-to-multipoint nonbroadcast Cisco mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Manual - DR/BDR election required? Not required
Hellos are sent every 60 seconds on multipoint circuits with bandwidth less than T1.
Exterior Gateway Protocol(EGP). BGP v4 is the only EGP currently in use.
Route tagging with communities is always done with a route map. You can specify any number of communities. Communities specified in the set keyword overwrite existing communities unless you specify the additive option.

2. To what IP address does OSPF send packets destined for all OSPF routers in the LAN?
The NSSA External (Type 7) LSA is almost identical to a Type 5 AS External LSA - yet it is used to create Not-So-Stubby Areas. An NSSA ASBR generates this LSA - and an NSSA ABR translates it into a Type 5 LSA - which gets propagated into the OSPF dom
OSPF addresses packets to multicast address 224.0.0.5.
The ASBR Summary (Type 4) LSA advertises an Autonomous System Boundary Router (ASBR) destination. This LSA is originated at an ABR. This LSA type is flooded throughout an autonomous system.
The next route selection criteria is for the router to prefer the highest weight (local to router).

3. Name at least two reasons why an OSPF neighbor might be stuck in the EXSTART/EXCHANGE state.
Route reflectors help address the fact that BGP requires that all BGP peers in the same autonomous system form an Internal BGP (IBGP) session with all peers in the autonomous system.
You can configure manual manipulation of the AS-path attribute with the set as-path prepend command.
Mismatched interface MTU - Duplicate router IDs on routers - Broken unicast connectivity - Network type of point-to-point between PRI and BRI/dialer
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address route-map name in

4. You want to improve the troubleshooting capabilities of your administration of an OSPF network. You plan to do this by making sure you can ping each router ID of each router. How can you accomplish this?
A site with a single ISP connection.
To ensure that the router ID can be pinged - be sure to advertise the address using the appropriate network command.
Use the Router(config-if)# ip ospf cost value command to override the cost value that is calculated for a particular interface.
Multiply the IGRP metric by 256.

5. What key design requirement of BGP does a BGP route reflector address?
Route reflectors help address the fact that BGP requires that all BGP peers in the same autonomous system form an Internal BGP (IBGP) session with all peers in the autonomous system.
Aggregator - Community
EIGRP uses IP protocol number 88.
IP network numbers and subnet masks (prefix-list or access-list) - Route originator - Next hop - Origin code - Tag value attached to an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) route - AS-path - Community - IGP route type

6. If you do not use the router-id command - how is the router ID selected on an OSPF speaking router?
A site connected to more than one ISP at the same time. It is done for redundancy and backup if one ISP fails - and for better performance if one ISP provides a better path to frequently used networks. This also gives you an ISP-independent solution.
No DR/BDR election exists in a point-to-point environment by default.
The highest IP address of an active interface is selected; any loopback interface overrides this behavior. Therefore - if you have loopback interfaces - the highest IP address on an active loopback interface is selected.
To reset the value - use the following command on each router: Router(config-router)# auto-cost reference-bandwidth refbw

7. What does a Type 3 LSA describe - what router produces it - and Where is it flooded by default?
During the OSPF adjacency process - the Exchange State follows the Exstart State.
A list of networks known by BGP - along with their paths and attributes. To view it - use the show ip bgp command.
IP network numbers and subnet masks (prefix-list or access-list) - Route originator - Next hop - Origin code - Tag value attached to an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) route - AS-path - Community - IGP route type
The Network Summary (Type 3) LSA is sent into an area to advertise destinations outside the area. These LSAs are originated by Area Border Routers (ABRs). They flood throughout the autonomous system.

8. Once adjacencies are established in the LAN and router information is being maintained - what step follows a router noticing a change and multicasting an LSU to 224.0.0.6?
Router# clear ip bgp ip-address in
The correct command is show ip bgp.
The next step in the update process features the DR acknowledging the LSU and flooding it to all OSPF speakers using multicast 224.0.0.5.
To qualify as a feasible successor - a next hop router must have an AD less than the FD of the current successor route. More than one feasible successor can exist.

9. What is the meaning of the following regular expression: _200$
Router(config-router)# area area_id authentication message-digest Note: Additional (interface configuration) commands are required for the configuration of authentication - but this is the router configuration command required.
Open - Update - Keepalive - Notification
Router(config)# ip community-list 1-99 permit|deny value [ value ... ]
This regular expression matches routes that originated in autonomous system 200.

10. What command do you use to configure route summarization on an ASBR to summarize external routes?
200
Use the following command to configure route summarization on an ASBR to summarize external routes: Router(config-router)# summary-address address mask [not-advertise] [tag tag]
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address shutdown
Only one instance of BGP can be run on a single router

11. By default - how much bandwidth does EIGRP consume on an interface for its operations?
External BGP is a BGP peering relationship between routers in different autonomous systems.
Router(config-router)# area area_id authentication message-digest Note: Additional (interface configuration) commands are required for the configuration of authentication - but this is the router configuration command required.
EIGRP uses up to 50 percent of the bandwidth (as set by the bandwidth command) for its operations.
Router# clear ip bgp ip-address soft out

12. Name two Transitive BGP attributes.
A site connected to more than one ISP at the same time. It is done for redundancy and backup if one ISP fails - and for better performance if one ISP provides a better path to frequently used networks. This also gives you an ISP-independent solution.
The default LSA aging timer is 30 minutes.
The next route selection criteria is for the router to prefer the highest weight (local to router).
Aggregator - Community

13. Describe a transit AS.
A transit AS is an AS through which traffic to another AS travels - such as with an ISP.
The AS External (Type 5) LSAs advertise an external destination or a default route to an external destination. These LSAs are originated by ASBRs. They are flooded throughout the autonomous system.
The Private autonomous system number range is 64512[nd]65535.
Manually configured

14. What IP protocol number is used by Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)?
These routes are Type-1 external routes. They define networks outside of the autonomous system and are advertised by Type 5 LSAs. The cost is calculated by adding the external cost to the internal cost of each link that the packet crosses. The use of
The AD is the cost between that next hop router and the destination.
To reset the value - use the following command on each router: Router(config-router)# auto-cost reference-bandwidth refbw
OSPF uses IP protocol number 89.

15. Name at least four BGP-related parameters that you can set with a route map.
The correct command to configure a Not-So-Stubby Area in OSPF is as follows: Router(config-router)# area area-id nssa [no-redistribution] [default-information-originate]
BGP is a path-vector protocol
Origin - Next-hop - Weight - Community - Local preference - Multi Exit Discriminator (MED)
For the Broadcast Cisco mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Dynamic - DR/BDR election required? DR/BDR election

16. What does a Type 5 LSA describe - what router produces it - and Where is it flooded by default?
Manually configured
The AS External (Type 5) LSAs advertise an external destination or a default route to an external destination. These LSAs are originated by ASBRs. They are flooded throughout the autonomous system.
These route types are OSPF inter-area routes. They define networks outside of the area of the router - but within the autonomous system. Type 3 LSAs are used to advertise these route types.
The next route selection criteria is for the router to prefer the highest weight (local to router).

17. You are examining the results of the show ip route command - and you notice several OSPF routes bear an O IA route designator. What does this signify?
A virtual link is a link to the backbone through a non-backbone area. Virtual links are created between two ABRs - and the area cannot be stub.
A Priority value of 0 is configured on all routers.
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address shutdown
These route types are OSPF inter-area routes. They define networks outside of the area of the router - but within the autonomous system. Type 3 LSAs are used to advertise these route types.

18. Name at least one reason that an OSPF neighbor can be stuck in the ATTEMPT state.
Misconfigured neighbor statement - Unicast non-functional in NBMA environment
[AS-number]:[low-order-16-bits]
Route reflectors help address the fact that BGP requires that all BGP peers in the same autonomous system form an Internal BGP (IBGP) session with all peers in the autonomous system.
To ensure that the router ID can be pinged - be sure to advertise the address using the appropriate network command.

19. When a BGP router receives an update from an EBGP neighbor - it must pass that update to its IBGP neighbors without changing the next-hop attribute. Therefore - IBGP routers must have a route to the network connecting their autonomous system to that
Router(config-router)# neighbor {ip-address | peer-group-name} prefix-list prefix-listname {in | out}
Use the neighbor [ip address] next-hop-self command in BGP configuration mode.
You use the following command to configure an area as Totally Stubby: Router(config-router)# area area-id stub no-summary
Slow neighbors are sent unicast packets in an attempt to resolve issues with slow neighbors.

20. Name two Discretionary Well-Known BGP attributes.
Route dampening can make the network more stable. To enable route dampening - use the bgp dampening command.
Local Preference - Atomic Aggregate
BGP peers
The Cisco mode of Broadcast requires a full mesh topology.

21. How can a router qualify as a feasible successor in EIGRP?
To qualify as a feasible successor - a next hop router must have an AD less than the FD of the current successor route. More than one feasible successor can exist.
The correct command is show ip bgp.
A site connected to more than one ISP at the same time. It is done for redundancy and backup if one ISP fails - and for better performance if one ISP provides a better path to frequently used networks. This also gives you an ISP-independent solution.
The Database Description (DBD) packet type checks for database synchronization between routers.

22. What are the two methods by which BGP injects local routes into the BGP table?
The BGP process injects local routes in two different ways[md]1) using the network configuration commands and 2) using redistribution by another routing protocol.
Interior Gateway Protocol(IGP)
No DR/BDR election exists in a point-to-point environment by default.
Cisco routers prefer a higher weight value.

23. What is the Feasible Distance (FD) value in EIGRP?
Updates are sent to the DR.
Router(config-router)# area area_id authentication message-digest Note: Additional (interface configuration) commands are required for the configuration of authentication - but this is the router configuration command required.
Lowest cost route calculated by adding the cost between the next hop router and the destination (AD) and the cost between the local router and the next hop. This sum is referred to as the FD.
Use the variance command in EIGRP to control load balancing behavior[md]potentially across unequal bandwidth links.

24. Identify the command that can be used to manually configure a neighbor in a NBMA OSPF environment.
200
The neighbor command can be used to manually configure a neighbor in a NBMA OSPF environment. The full syntax of the command is: - Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address [priority number] [poll-interval seconds] [cost number] [database-filter all
Origin - Next-hop - Weight - Community - Local preference - Multi Exit Discriminator (MED)
The command is applied on all routers in the area.

25. Over which IP protocol does BGP communicate?
Misconfigured neighbor statement - Unicast non-functional in NBMA environment
BGP communicates over TCP port 179
External BGP is a BGP peering relationship between routers in different autonomous systems.
The highest IP address of an active interface is selected; any loopback interface overrides this behavior. Therefore - if you have loopback interfaces - the highest IP address on an active loopback interface is selected.

26. What is the purpose of the Type 2 DBD packet?
The O indicates the route is an OSPF intra-area route. The network destination is within the same area as the router on which this command is issued.
The Database Description (DBD) packet type checks for database synchronization between routers.
BGP communicates over TCP port 179
This network is currently unavailable and installation cannot occur in the routing table. The router is currently searching for a replacement route.

27. BGP database - or Routing Information Base
For the Point-to-multipoint nonbroadcast Cisco mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Manual - DR/BDR election required? Not required
A list of networks known by BGP - along with their paths and attributes. To view it - use the show ip bgp command.
The Private autonomous system number range is 64512[nd]65535.
These route types are OSPF inter-area routes. They define networks outside of the area of the router - but within the autonomous system. Type 3 LSAs are used to advertise these route types.

28. For the Point-to-multipoint nonbroadcast Cisco mode of operation - fill in the following information: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? ________ DR/BDR election required? ________
For the Point-to-multipoint nonbroadcast Cisco mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Manual - DR/BDR election required? Not required
IBGP is a BGP peering relationship between routers in the same autonomous system.
Place a static route pointing to NULL0 in the IP routing table.
The Network LSA (Type 2) lists all attached routers. These LSAs are produced by the DR on every multi-access network. They are flooded within the originating area.

29. When configuring a Not-So-Stubby Area - Where is the appropriate configuration command applied?
The command is applied on all routers in the area.
The neighbor command can be used to manually configure a neighbor in a NBMA OSPF environment. The full syntax of the command is: - Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address [priority number] [poll-interval seconds] [cost number] [database-filter all
The default cost of the default route is 1.
The default LSA aging timer is 30 minutes.

30. Describe External BGP.
Manually configured
Aggregator - Community
External BGP is a BGP peering relationship between routers in different autonomous systems.
Using the default-network command - you can configure a default route for the EIGRP process so that it propagates to other EIGRP routers within the same autonomous system.

31. When an area is configured as Totally Stubby - what LSAs are flooded into the area?
Router(config-router)# area area_id authentication message-digest Note: Additional (interface configuration) commands are required for the configuration of authentication - but this is the router configuration command required.
The only LSA flooded into the area is a single Type 3 default LSA.
Message used to transfer routing information between peers. Includes new routes - withdrawn routes - and path attributes.
IBGP is a BGP peering relationship between routers in the same autonomous system.

32. What does a router do if that router does not support BGP communities and a route update appears with community information?
The BGP standards define several filtering-oriented communities for your use: no-export - Do not advertise routes to real External BGP (EBGP) peers - no-advertise - Do not advertise routes to any peer - local-as - Do not advertise routes to any EBGP
The router passes the community information on unchanged.
The Cisco mode of Broadcast requires a full mesh topology.
Router(config-router)# neighbor {ip-address | peer-group-name} prefix-list prefix-listname {in | out}

33. In a LAN - with which router(s) does a DROTHER form an adjacency?
A transit AS is an AS through which traffic to another AS travels - such as with an ISP.
DROTHERs form an adjacency with the DR and BDR.
Border Gateway Protocol
The Network Summary (Type 3) LSA is sent into an area to advertise destinations outside the area. These LSAs are originated by Area Border Routers (ABRs). They flood throughout the autonomous system.

34. Describe a typical form that your communities can take.
Router(config-router)# area area_id authentication message-digest Note: Additional (interface configuration) commands are required for the configuration of authentication - but this is the router configuration command required.
200
[AS-number]:[low-order-16-bits]
Use the bgp default local-preference command to change the default local preference value applied to all updates coming from external neighbors or originating locally.

35. What does a Type 4 LSA describe - what router produces it - and Where is it flooded by default?
The ASBR Summary (Type 4) LSA advertises an Autonomous System Boundary Router (ASBR) destination. This LSA is originated at an ABR. This LSA type is flooded throughout an autonomous system.
The router passes the community information on unchanged.
Manually configured
Reduce the flooding of LSAs in stable topologies by setting LSAs to 'do not age' - Router(config-if)# ip ospf flood-reduction

36. What is the Private autonomous system number range used in BGP?
These routes are Type-1 external routes. They define networks outside of the autonomous system and are advertised by Type 5 LSAs. The cost is calculated by adding the external cost to the internal cost of each link that the packet crosses. The use of
Access list or L2 problem blocking Hellos in one direction - Multicast non-functional on one side - Authentication configured on only one side - broadcast keyword missing from the map command
The Private autonomous system number range is 64512[nd]65535.
A transit AS is an AS through which traffic to another AS travels - such as with an ISP.

37. Describe a dual-homed network.
A site that has two connections to the same ISP - either from one router or two routers. One might be primary and the other backup - or the site might load balance over both links. Either static or dynamic routing would work in this case.
To reset the value - use the following command on each router: Router(config-router)# auto-cost reference-bandwidth refbw
OSPF addresses packets to multicast address 224.0.0.6.
This percentage can be changed on a per-interface basis by using the ip bandwidth-percent eigrp interface configuration command.

38. What is the correct command to configure community propagation to BGP neighbors?
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address send-community
Access list or L2 problem blocking Hellos in one direction - Multicast non-functional on one side - Authentication configured on only one side - broadcast keyword missing from the map command
The highest IP address of an active interface is selected; any loopback interface overrides this behavior. Therefore - if you have loopback interfaces - the highest IP address on an active loopback interface is selected.
The next route selection criteria is for the router to prefer the highest weight (local to router).

39. The four types of BGP messages.
When a problem occurs that causes a router to end the BGP peering session - a notificationmessage is sent to the BGP neighbor and the connection is closed.
Open - Update - Keepalive - Notification
For the Point-to-multipoint RFC-compliant mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Dynamic DR/BDR election required? Not required
The next step in the update process features the DR acknowledging the LSU and flooding it to all OSPF speakers using multicast 224.0.0.5.

40. What does a Type 1 LSA describe and Where is this LSA flooded?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

41. What is the default origin code for BGP routes that you inject using redistribution?
The default LSA aging timer is 30 minutes.
The default origin code for BGP routes that you inject using redistribution is unknown.
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address route-map name in
Mismatched MTU - Corrupted link-state request packet

42. Open
You can use the show ip ospf command to verify the router ID of an OSPF-speaking router.
BGP peers exchange keepalive messages every 60 seconds by default. These keep the peering session active.
After a neighbor is configured - BGP sends an open message to try to establish peering with that neighbor. Includes information such as autonomous system number - router ID - and hold time.
These are Type-2 external routes. Again - they define networks outside of the autonomous system and are advertised by Type 5 LSAs. In this case cost is always the external cost only. This is the default OSPF external route type on Cisco routers.

43. What are the actions used by an Outbound Route Filter (ORF) type of Network Layer Reachability Information (NLRI)-based filtering (type 1)?
The ASBR Summary (Type 4) LSA advertises an Autonomous System Boundary Router (ASBR) destination. This LSA is originated at an ABR. This LSA type is flooded throughout an autonomous system.
EIGRP uses the multicast IP address of 224.0.0.10 for Hellos and routing updates.
Router(config)# ip community-list 1-99 permit|deny value [ value ... ]
ADD - Adds a line to a prefix-list filter on the remote peer - DELETE - Removes a line from a filter that was previously installed on a remote peer - DELETE ALL - Removes all previously installed filters on the remote peer

44. What is the term for routing between Autonomous Systems?
BGP communicates over TCP port 179
Interdomain routing
The AS External (Type 5) LSAs advertise an external destination or a default route to an external destination. These LSAs are originated by ASBRs. They are flooded throughout the autonomous system.
The BGP standards define several filtering-oriented communities for your use: no-export - Do not advertise routes to real External BGP (EBGP) peers - no-advertise - Do not advertise routes to any peer - local-as - Do not advertise routes to any EBGP

45. What is the correct command to configure a Not-So-Stubby Area in OSPF?
The correct command to configure a Not-So-Stubby Area in OSPF is as follows: Router(config-router)# area area-id nssa [no-redistribution] [default-information-originate]
EIGRP uses up to 50 percent of the bandwidth (as set by the bandwidth command) for its operations.
Manually configured
Access list or L2 problem blocking Hellos in one direction - Multicast non-functional on one side - Authentication configured on only one side - broadcast keyword missing from the map command

46. What is the command to configure a router as a BGP route reflector?
Using the default-network command - you can configure a default route for the EIGRP process so that it propagates to other EIGRP routers within the same autonomous system.
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address route-reflector-client
A transit AS is an AS through which traffic to another AS travels - such as with an ISP.
Misconfigured neighbor statement - Unicast non-functional in NBMA environment

47. What are the packets in an EIGRP environment that require an acknowledgement?
200
For the Point-to-multipoint nonbroadcast Cisco mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Manual - DR/BDR election required? Not required
Packets that require acknowledgement are as follows: Update - Query - Reply
A Priority value of 0 is configured on all routers.

48. You are using the show ip eigrp topology command to troubleshoot your EIGRP network. You notice an entry is marked as Active. What does this indicate?
To qualify as a feasible successor - a next hop router must have an AD less than the FD of the current successor route. More than one feasible successor can exist.
This network is currently unavailable and installation cannot occur in the routing table. The router is currently searching for a replacement route.
For the Point-to-point Cisco mode of operation: Dynamic or manual neighbor configuration? Dynamic DR/BDR election required? Not required
Route dampening can make the network more stable. To enable route dampening - use the bgp dampening command.

49. What technique can you use to ensure that a particular classless prefix is always advertised by a BGP-speaking router?
When a problem occurs that causes a router to end the BGP peering session - a notificationmessage is sent to the BGP neighbor and the connection is closed.
Use the following command to configure route summarization on an ASBR to summarize external routes: Router(config-router)# summary-address address mask [not-advertise] [tag tag]
Place a static route pointing to NULL0 in the IP routing table.
Router# clear ip bgp ip-address in

50. Which of the Cisco OSPF nonbroadcast multiaccess (NBMA) modes of operation requires a full mesh topology?
The O indicates the route is an OSPF intra-area route. The network destination is within the same area as the router on which this command is issued.
The highest IP address of an active interface is selected; any loopback interface overrides this behavior. Therefore - if you have loopback interfaces - the highest IP address on an active loopback interface is selected.
The Cisco mode of Broadcast requires a full mesh topology.
BGP is a path-vector protocol