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CCNP Switch Deck

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How does every GLBP command begin
300 sec by default
Disabled - blocking - listening - learning - forwarding
Switch(config-if)# glbp xx where xx = group number
As a VLAN access map

2. What is topology-basec caching?
Round robin - weighted - or host-dependent
Gets assistance from other NSF-aware neighbors. NSF features need to be built into the routing protocols on router needing and providing assistance
If three are missed in a row - the neighbor is considered down and the data for that neighbor is aged
The topology is pre-populated by downloading the topology DB into the FIB and dynamically updated. Called Cisco Express Forwarding

3. Where is root guard enabled?

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4. How does RSTP identify a topology change?
Needs hardware upgrade over WEP - uses AES encryption
Must be same type - speed - VLAN(s) - native vlan - pass the same set of vlans -duplex - and spanning tree settings
Only when a nonedge port transitions to forwarding
Value - mask - and result (VMR) combinations

5. What are the 2 types of secondary VLAN?
An ac adaptor that plugs into a wall outlet.
Hosts associated with a secondary VLAN can communicate with ports on the primary but not with another secondary VLAN
They must be carried over a voice VLAN (VVID) or over a regular data VLAN (ie. The native VLAN or the PVID)
Isolated and community

6. For QoS - switch uplinks should always be considered as ____ _____?
Trusted ports
The same as a standby group in HSRP
Enables portfast - sets the port to access and disables PAgP
It is enabled by default on all CEF capable switches

7. What is dynamic desireable?
Those that connect to other switches
The port asks the other end to trunk
0-255 (lower is better)
The master router can share the VIP

8. 802.11g
Compatible with 802.11b - up to 54Mbps in 12 data rates - 3 channels - 2.4Ghz
BGP - EIGRP - OSPF - and IS-IS.
The total delay from start to finish
2 seconds

9. What is the STP blocking state?
It's a router that maintains routes (static or dynamic) - and populates the FIB
Can hear only BDPUs
5 (0-4 with 4 being the highest)
Distributed coordinion function - the use of timers to prevent wireless collisions

10. Which fiber is the receive?
1- enable qos - 2-define qos parameters to be trusted - 3-make trust conditional - 4-instruct IP phone how to extnd boundary
2-8 FE - GE - or 10GE are bundled.
On the left as you face the connector
A router keeps a routing table and an ARP table. The FIB combines them for every next-hop entry

11. What does MSTP do?
On all switches in network to enable RLQ request and reply
Used when there are 1 or more VLANs mapped to a single STP instance
Effectively stops STP on filtered ports
5 classes with 3 drop precedences

12. What is the size of ISL encapsulation?
Checks the sender's ip in all arp requests and checks the sender's IP against target IP in all replies
26-byte header - 4-byte trailer with CRC
The port asks the other end to trunk
Variation in delay

13. What is the adjacency table?
A router keeps a routing table and an ARP table. The FIB combines them for every next-hop entry
Automatically by duplex mode in use. Full duplex are point ot point. Half duplex ports use traditional 802.1D convergence is used.
Once the CCM gives them the parameters - they use RTP
Local only

14. Does a WLC and a LAP need to be on the same subnet?
Can send and receive BDPUs
No
SC fiber or RJ-45
Port with best root path cost

15. How does DSCP handle IP precedence?
5 classes with 3 drop precedences
A point to point port type
All fiber-optic links between switches (must be enabled on both ends)
16 - IST gets MSTI 0 - 1-15 are available for use. MSTIs are locally significant to the MST region

16. What is the PVLAN host mode?
Trunk
All user ports that have portfast enabled
Variation in delay
Connects to a host on an isolated or community vlan. Communicates only with promiscuous port or ports on same community vlan

17. How does uplinkfast handle changes in topology?
A point to point port type
802.11
The configureable UDLD interval must be less than max age plus two intervals of forward delay
Notifies upstream neighbors by sending multicasts on behalf of hosts at the interval of the max update rate parameter.

18. What duplex setting does 802.11 use and why?
Control functions
Half because transmitting and receiving stations use the same frequency
Any dhcp reply coming from an untrusted port is discarded and the offending port is put in errdisable
When a port moves into forwarding or from fowarding or learning to blocking.

19. How does 802.1q handle COS?
The frame tag includes a 3 bit COS value from 0 (low) to 7 (high). Native vlans are untagged so no COS
Incoming frames are dropped (combination of disabled - blocking - and listening)
By creating a static IP binding
Between any type of interface as long as the interface can have an L3 address assigned

20. What is the IEEE standard for STP?
Switching Database Manager - configures and prunes TCAM partitions
Limits the number if dhcp requests on a port
802.1D
2 seconds

21. What is dynamic auto?
By brining up a tunnel between them to carry 802.11 related messages and client data.
Trunk
Untrusted
Will trunk if asked

22. Which 4 things must be agreeable to trunk?
1- trunking mode - 2-trunk encapsulation - 3-native VLAN - 4-allowed VLAN
No
Auto mode
To a VLAN and not to a VLAN interface (SVI)

23. Where does layer switching occur?
Set the native VLAN of a trunk to a bogus or unused VLAN ID then prune the native VLAN off both ends of the trunk
When a port moves into forwarding or from fowarding or learning to blocking.
Gateway load balancing protocol - cisco proprietary
Between any type of interface as long as the interface can have an L3 address assigned

24. How do you configure IP source guard for hosts that don't use DHCP?
1-lowest root bridge ID - 2-lowest root path cost - 3-lowest bridgeID - 4-lowest port ID
FE and GE
By creating a static IP binding
Each physical interface has a different IP address. All physical interfaces point to a virtual interface called the standby address or VIP

25. If there are 2 ports with same root cost - how is the tie broken for designated port?
A group of wireless devices that share a common SSID
It is enabled by default on all CEF capable switches
1-lowest root bridge ID - 2-lowest root path cost - 3-lowest bridgeID - 4-lowest port ID
Auto mode

26. What are 2 ways to configure VLAN and VTP information?
Global config (vlan - vtp mode - and vtp domain) and VLAN DB mode commands. Global config is preferred because VLAN DB mode commands are legacy
Enables portfast - sets the port to access and disables PAgP
Connects with SONET or SDH
Prevents the dhcp binding DB from being checked.

27. What are the steps to configure a LACP port channel?
1-(opt) set system priority - 2-select interface(s) - 3-assign the protocol - 4-set the mode - 5-(opt) set the port priority
Control functions
Group (0-255) - priority (1-254 254 is highest - 100 default)
Distributed coordinion function - the use of timers to prevent wireless collisions

28. How do Cisco IP phones communicate with the CCM?
Per VLAN
With the skinny protocol
Each network device handles packets individually with no advance reservations
1-lowest root bridge ID - 2-lowest root path cost - 3-lowest bridgeID - 4-lowest port ID

29. What is a proxy arp?

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30. What is the FM?
134 bits - consisting of source and destination addresses and protocol information from the packet or frame
The RP listens to a flow's 1st packet for the dest. The SE listens to the packet and dest and puts a shortcut in the MSL cache. Netflow switching - route once - switch many
No
Feature Manager - after the ACL is created - the FM compiles the ACEs into the table

31. What are the 2 types of BDPU?
From the DHCP snooping database or from static entries
Used when ACLs specify port ranges...used by TCAM
1-LAP gets a DHCP address - 2-LAP learns IP of available WLC - 3-LAP sends a join request to WLC and receives join reply - 4-WLC sends code image - if necessary - 5-Tunnels are created
Configuration and TCN

32. if the switchport is part of an etherchannel - Where is the network assigned
Every switch and router in a network must be configured with appropriate QoS features and policies
To the virtual port-channel interface
No
Sends a voltage across the receive pairs to detect a 25k ohm resistance

33. What is the traditional MLS view of switching?
FIB
Low cost - high density ports - multiple scalable uplinks - vlans - traffic and protocol filtering and QoS
It is enabled by default on all CEF capable switches
Route once - switch many

34. What is the STP Max Age timer?
224.0.0.2 (all routers)
The time interval that a switch stores a DBPU before discarding it. Default 20 seconds
One router is the active virtual gateway - has highest priority or IP in group - answers all ARP requests and gives MAC based on load balancing
To the virtual port-channel interface

35. How are VACLs configured?
The switch checks the MAC and IP reported in the reply against trusted values. If they don't match - it is dropped and logged
Almost eliminates listening and learning states for single hosts on an access link
Another router must have a higher HSRP priority and have preemt set up
As a VLAN access map

36. Where shoul dmultilayer switches be implemented?
Isl - dot1q - negotiate (default)
The switch checks the MAC and IP reported in the reply against trusted values. If they don't match - it is dropped and logged
Global config (vlan - vtp mode - and vtp domain) and VLAN DB mode commands. Global config is preferred because VLAN DB mode commands are legacy
Distribution layer

37. What contains the next-hop entries?
FIB
Limits the number if dhcp requests on a port
Yes
RPR - RPR+ - and SSO

38. What is differentiated services model QOS?
Up to 4 can be used in a group. Called active virtual forwarders (AVF)
The total delay from start to finish
Each network device handles packets individually with no advance reservations
All fiber-optic links between switches (must be enabled on both ends)

39. Define VRRP
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol - pretty much the same as HSRP
Globally
1500B
Globally

40. What are the caveats for HSRP port tracking?
The priority is a 2 byte value followed by the MAC that decides which ports are actively participating in Etherchannel (lower=higher priority)
Access or trunk
Some unused bits are used to allow a port to identify its role and state. Also the BDPUs state that they are V2 BDPUs
Another router must have a higher HSRP priority and have preemt set up

41. Where should STP timers be configured and why?
On root - because the root bridge propagates timers with config BDPU
0000.5e00.01xx
The frame tag contains a 3 but portion tagged from 0 (low) to 7 (high)
Cisco recommends only on the root bridge

42. what should you do if you expect a PAgP capable switch at the other end vs. a server or host?
Hosts associated with a secondary VLAN can communicate with ports on the primary but not with another secondary VLAN
No shut
Configure non-silent submode
Used when ACLs specify port ranges...used by TCAM

43. What are the characteristics of the access layer?
A VLAN that spans the entire fabric
Low cost - high density ports - multiple scalable uplinks - vlans - traffic and protocol filtering and QoS
A client can roam to any WLC as long as it stays in a mobility group
Switch(config-if)# standby xx where x= group number

44. Where are security and QoS ACLs stored?
TCAM
The time interval that a switch stores a DBPU before discarding it. Default 20 seconds
4
Two distribution switches that aggregate one or more access switches

45. what I s distributed CEF (dCEF)?
One router is the active virtual gateway - has highest priority or IP in group - answers all ARP requests and gives MAC based on load balancing
Enables portfast - sets the port to access and disables PAgP
CEF is distributed completely among multiple L3 forwarding engines.
Sends a test tone on the transmit pair. If a device is detected - CDP is used to narrow down the power class.

46. What is the default 10mbps Enet duplex?
Will trunk if asked
Silent
A point to point port type but the neighboring device runs traditional 802.1D STP
Half-duplex

47. How does adding option-82 to DHCP snooping affect things?

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48. How often are HSRP hellos sent?
Between any type of interface as long as the interface can have an L3 address assigned
Causes switch to actively determine whether alternative paths exist to root bridge in case ther eis an indirect failure
3 seconds. Holdtime =3 hellos + 1
Reboots and searches for a new WLC

49. How much overlap should a wireless repeater have?
The switch adds its MAC to the option 82 field so that the DHCP reply echoes back the switch's own information
Roughly 50%
134 bits
RPR - RPR+ - and SSO

50. Define HSRP
Switches make an effort to move packets as quickly as possible
Host Standby Router protocol. Cisco proprietary. Switch is either active - standby - or listen
All fiber-optic links between switches (must be enabled on both ends)
When a client roams between Aps in different subnets