Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is SSO?

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2. How does HSRP election work?
Etherchannel ports have inconsistent config
Automatically negotiates a common trunk mode between switches
The frame tag contains a 3 but portion tagged from 0 (low) to 7 (high)
Based on priority (0-255). Default is 100. Highest IP is tie breaker


3. static vlans offer ____ based membership
Per-port or globally for all fiber-optic ports. Can be enabled globally - but will only affect fiber ports
Port
Used when there are 1 or more VLANs mapped to a single STP instance
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol - pretty much the same as HSRP


4. What is a root link query (RLQ)?
Forces the router to wait for a period of time after the switch is reloaded before attempting to overthrow
Globally
Backbonefast uses RLQ to determine if upstream switches have stable connections to root bridge
Control functions


5. RSTP designated port
When a wireless station transmits a frame - the receiving one must send an ack
Low cost - high density ports - multiple scalable uplinks - vlans - traffic and protocol filtering and QoS
Feature Manager - after the ACL is created - the FM compiles the ACEs into the table
Port with best root path cost on segment


6. what I s distributed CEF (dCEF)?
Only for the offending VLAN on the port
All L2 connectivity should be contained within the access layer.
1-65535 (def 32768) lower priority - higher probability
CEF is distributed completely among multiple L3 forwarding engines.


7. When looking at the sh spanning tree output - What does P2P denote?
Every switch and router in a network must be configured with appropriate QoS features and policies
224.0.0.2 (all routers)
After another forwarding delay - the port can send and receive data frames - collect MAC addresses - and send and receove BDPUs
A point to point port type


8. What is a vlan?
All non-edge ports are discarding. After the root bridge is identified - the port with superior BDPU becomes root
An instance of RSTP running for each VLAN on the switch. Changing from PVST to RPVST+ is disruptive
Switching Database Manager - configures and prunes TCAM partitions
A single broadcast domain


9. What types of ports autonegotiate?
FE and GE
1 second. Backup routers can learn the interval from the master
Show standby
16 bits (8b port priority - 8b port number)


10. What is the PVLAN promiscuous mode?
Connects to a router - firewall - or gateway. Can communicate with anything else connected to the primary or any secondary. Ignores pvlan config
A point to point port type but the neighboring device runs traditional 802.1D STP
A host port goes up or down
Up to 4 can be used in a group. Called active virtual forwarders (AVF)


11. What is the SDM?
The standby becomes active and stays active by default. Preemption can be configured
The time that a port spends in both listening and learning states . Default 15 seconds
Switching Database Manager - configures and prunes TCAM partitions
VTP server for domain null with no password or secure mode


12. What are the two private vlan association modes?
Promiscuous and host
Receives the first packet of a traffic flow and routes it
Hosts associated with a secondary VLAN can communicate with ports on the primary but not with another secondary VLAN
By creating a static IP binding


13. What format does the GLBP MAC use?
When a specific interface is tracked - HSRP reduces it's priority after a specified interval.
1-enable AAA on switch - 2-define RADIUS servers - 3-define authentication method - 4-enable 802.1x on switch - 5-conf. 802.1x ports - 6-allow hosts
Silent
0007.b4xx.xxyy where xx.xx is six 0 bits followed by a 10-bit GLBP group numberr. Yyyy is the virtual forwarder number


14. What is an autonomous mode AP?
3 seconds. Holdtime =3 hellos + 1
The point at which a switch decides to trust incoming Qos. Usually at boundary with ISP
Data and voice over native vlan - no QOS but still uses 802.1p trunk
When each AP stands alone within the larger network.


15. Of what significance are private VLANs
Local only
Packets must be sent to the L3 engine for further processing
Each frame transmits its expected duration time
Src-ip - dst-ip - src-dst-ip - src-mac - dst-mac - src-dst-mac - src-port - dst-port - src-dst-port


16. FE connectors use...
Switch(config-if)# standby xx where x= group number
Either desirable or auto mode
Configure the timer on the AVG and let it propagate
2 strand MMF with MT-RJ or SC connectors


17. How can BDPU Guard be configured?
12 kbps with headers and compression
Use the spanning-tree root macro
Globally or per-port
Because each frame is checked


18. What is the PVLAN host mode?
The standby becomes active and stays active by default. Preemption can be configured
Connects to a host on an isolated or community vlan. Communicates only with promiscuous port or ports on same community vlan
Using a single WAP to centralize access and control over a group of wireless devices.
Feature Manager - after the ACL is created - the FM compiles the ACEs into the table


19. If one end of an Etherchannel (either type) is set to on and the channel doesn't form - what should you check?

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20. Which 4 things must be agreeable to trunk?
Causes switch to actively determine whether alternative paths exist to root bridge in case ther eis an indirect failure
1- trunking mode - 2-trunk encapsulation - 3-native VLAN - 4-allowed VLAN
Used when ACLs specify port ranges...used by TCAM
Allows devices to interoperate with PVST and CST. Can use both dot1q and ISL


21. Define GLBP
Data and voice over native vlan - no QOS but still uses 802.1p trunk
1 second. Backup routers can learn the interval from the master
Causes switch to actively determine whether alternative paths exist to root bridge in case ther eis an indirect failure
Gateway load balancing protocol - cisco proprietary


22. What is RPR+?

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23. What is the VRRP skew time?
1 second. Backup routers can learn the interval from the master
The switch checks the MAC and IP reported in the reply against trusted values. If they don't match - it is dropped and logged
Port that connects to another switch and becomes a designated port
Hold time is 3xhello. A skew time of 256ms-routerpriority)/256ms is added


24. What does the minimum keyword do in HSRP?
Forces the router to wait for a period of time before attempting overthrow
L2
1 second. Backup routers can learn the interval from the master
FE - GE - and aggregated FE/GE Etherchannels


25. RSTP alternate port
MAC addresses are learned from the source MAC of incoming frames. If the destination address is unknown - the frame is flooded out all except the receiving port.
Port with alternative path to root less desirable than root
Interim solution - uses same hardware as WEP - but uses TKIP encryption
Port stays up - but packets from violating MACs are dropped. Switch logs violating packets


26. If a wireless station needs to transmit and no other device is transmitting - what happens?
The station must wait until the frame in progress has completed - then wait a random amount of time before transmitting
By using a trunk link
The station can transmit immediately and wait for an ack
1- trunking mode - 2-trunk encapsulation - 3-native VLAN - 4-allowed VLAN


27. What are the steps to configuring HSRP MD5 authentication?
Switches make an effort to move packets as quickly as possible
Each network device handles packets individually with no advance reservations
1-name the chain - 2-establish a key number - 3-create the key string - 4-apply the chain to the string
Manually


28. How does HSRP port tracking work?

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29. How does every GLBP command begin
Via an 802.1Q trunk or a single VLAN access port
Hold time is 3xhello. A skew time of 256ms-routerpriority)/256ms is added
Switch(config-if)# glbp xx where xx = group number
1-1005 (1 and 1002-1005 are reserved)


30. What are the 3 ways GLBP load-balances?
Allows devices to interoperate with PVST and CST. Can use both dot1q and ISL
Src-ip - dst-ip - src-dst-ip - src-mac - dst-mac - src-dst-mac - src-port - dst-port - src-dst-port
Normal and aggressive
Round robin - weighted - or host-dependent


31. what if a secondary VLAN?
Port with redundant - but less deisrable connection to a segment. Possibly root candidate
0-255
Admin down
Hosts associated with a secondary VLAN can communicate with ports on the primary but not with another secondary VLAN


32. What is step 1 of enabling IP source guard?
Configure and enable DHCP snooping
MAC addresses are learned from the source MAC of incoming frames. If the destination address is unknown - the frame is flooded out all except the receiving port.
It updates the L2 headers with the proper src and dst MAC - L3 TTL - L3 checksum - and L2 checksum information
Root


33. What is the default network diameter?
7 switches from root bridge
Globally
Between interfaces that are assigned to L2 VLANs or L2 trunks
A single broadcast domain


34. How are VACLs configured?
Those that connect to other switches
The L3 forwarding engine can't forward the packet in hardware because there is no L2 next-hop address - so the packet is sent to the L3 engine to generate the ARP response
As a VLAN access map
Port is forced to never authorize any connected client


35. How should backbonefast be configured?
Only when a nonedge port transitions to forwarding
1-LAP gets a DHCP address - 2-LAP learns IP of available WLC - 3-LAP sends a join request to WLC and receives join reply - 4-WLC sends code image - if necessary - 5-Tunnels are created
Transmits keystrokes from phone and commands from CCM
On all switches in network to enable RLQ request and reply


36. What is the default FE duplex?
1-lowest root bridge ID - 2-lowest root path cost - 3-lowest bridgeID - 4-lowest port ID
Per-port or globally for all fiber-optic ports. Can be enabled globally - but will only affect fiber ports
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol - pretty much the same as HSRP
Full duplex


37. What is a wireless mobility group?
Tracks of BDPUs on nondesignated ports. When those BDPUs stop coming - the port is put into loop-inconsistent state and blocks
A client can roam to any WLC as long as it stays in a mobility group
One router is the active virtual gateway - has highest priority or IP in group - answers all ARP requests and gives MAC based on load balancing
Using a mobility exchange message


38. How does backbonefast determine whether alternative paths exist?
1- inferior BDPU on blocked-considered alternative - 2-inferior on root-all blocked ports considered alternate - 3-if inferior arrives on root and no blocked ports - assumes loss of connectivity to root
Round robin - weighted - or host-dependent
When a port moves into forwarding or from fowarding or learning to blocking.
0007.b4xx.xxyy where xx.xx is six 0 bits followed by a 10-bit GLBP group numberr. Yyyy is the virtual forwarder number


39. What is a bridge ID made up of?
If a unidirectional link is detected - the port continues normally - but the port is marked as undetermined and a syslog is generated
For hosts that doesn't understand routing - the DGW is configured to reply with its own mac
Bridge priority and MAC
Cisco ILP and 802.3af


40. Where is bdpu guard enabled?
With portfast
All user ports that have portfast enabled
0-255 (lower is better)
Option 43


41. How does an L2 switch do QOS?
Port
An L2 switch can only forward frames best effort unless going across a trunk
Between any type of interface as long as the interface can have an L3 address assigned
An AP's coverage area


42. What must the other end be set to if PAgP desirable or LACP active mode is selected?
Disabled - blocking - listening - learning - forwarding
Either desirable or auto mode
They disguise the origin of an attack
On (all ports channel) - auto (channels when asked) - and desirable(actively asks to form a channel)


43. What is errdisable dtp-flap?
Globally or per-port
Change in trunk encap
Roughly 2000
MST attributes must be manually entereed on each switch in the region. They don' t propagate like VTP.


44. What are the 3 trunk switchport modes?
Trunk - dynamic auto - dynamic desireable (default)
Globally
1-enable AAA on switch - 2-define RADIUS servers - 3-define authentication method - 4-enable 802.1x on switch - 5-conf. 802.1x ports - 6-allow hosts
Enables switches at the end of the spanning tree branches to have a functioning root port while keeping 1 or more redundant potential ports in blocking mode. When the main fails - the other comes up.


45. What is the standard for WLANs?
Src-dst-ip
Hosts within a secondary can communicate with each other and with the primary - but not with another secondary vlan
An L2 switch can only forward frames best effort unless going across a trunk
802.11


46. Which fiber is the receive?
On the left as you face the connector
Feature Manager - after the ACL is created - the FM compiles the ACEs into the table
The topology is pre-populated by downloading the topology DB into the FIB and dynamically updated. Called Cisco Express Forwarding
Port that connects to another switch and becomes a designated port


47. How do you implement MST?

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48. What are the three basic types of QOS?
Best effort delivery - integrated services model - and differentiated services model
For hosts that doesn't understand routing - the DGW is configured to reply with its own mac
Per VLAN
Roughly 50%


49. What are the 2 choices for VLANs with IPT?
Almost eliminates listening and learning states for single hosts on an access link
On ports where you never expect to find a root bridge for a VLAN
They must be carried over a voice VLAN (VVID) or over a regular data VLAN (ie. The native VLAN or the PVID)
Multicasts to 224.0.0.18 (VRRP)


50. What is dynamic auto?
By short-circuiting the max age timer
Automatically by duplex mode in use. Full duplex are point ot point. Half duplex ports use traditional 802.1D convergence is used.
Will trunk if asked
If three are missed in a row - the neighbor is considered down and the data for that neighbor is aged