CCNP Switch Deck

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What does the static keyword do when applying an arp ACL?
Prevents the dhcp binding DB from being checked.
Only the standby monitors the hello messages from the active router
Src-ip - dst-ip - src-dst-ip - src-mac - dst-mac - src-dst-mac - src-port - dst-port - src-dst-port
Per-port or globally for all fiber-optic ports. Can be enabled globally - but will only affect fiber ports


2. What format does the GLBP MAC use?
For hosts that doesn't understand routing - the DGW is configured to reply with its own mac
Will trunk if asked
0007.b4xx.xxyy where xx.xx is six 0 bits followed by a 10-bit GLBP group numberr. Yyyy is the virtual forwarder number
1-name the chain - 2-establish a key number - 3-create the key string - 4-apply the chain to the string


3. What is the range of PAgP channel group numbers?
CEF is distributed across multiple L3 forwarding engines - typically on Catalyst 6500 line cards each having only a subset
Collision domain
No
1 to 64


4. If there are 2 ports with same root cost - how is the tie broken for designated port?
A port can only forward or relay BDPUs - but can't receive them - disabled by default - enabled per-port - blocks port when superior BDPUs are received
1-(opt) set system priority - 2-select interface(s) - 3-assign the protocol - 4-set the mode - 5-(opt) set the port priority
1-lowest root bridge ID - 2-lowest root path cost - 3-lowest bridgeID - 4-lowest port ID
An instance of RSTP running for each VLAN on the switch. Changing from PVST to RPVST+ is disruptive


5. CAM table entries are purged when....
A MAC is seen on a different port
Up to 4 can be used in a group. Called active virtual forwarders (AVF)
No
Port with best root path cost


6. How many virtual MACs can GLBP have?
Up to 4 can be used in a group. Called active virtual forwarders (AVF)
Reboots and searches for a new WLC
10-15%
Will trunk if asked


7. How should the switch port to which a WLC be configured?
2 - one for control messages and one for data
Trunk
The station can transmit immediately and wait for an ack
16 - IST gets MSTI 0 - 1-15 are available for use. MSTIs are locally significant to the MST region


8. What are the 2 UDLD modes?
RADIUS
Half-duplex
By short-circuiting the max age timer
Normal and aggressive


9. What is the IEEE standard for STP?
If the client maintains the same IP address as it roams between Aps. All must have same VLAN - SSID - and subnet
Determines when the AVG will stop using the old VMAC in ARP replies
1- trunking mode - 2-trunk encapsulation - 3-native VLAN - 4-allowed VLAN
802.1D


10. If a wireless station needs to transmit and no other device is transmitting - what happens?
The priority is a 2 byte value followed by the MAC that decides which ports are actively participating in Etherchannel (lower=higher priority)
CEF is distributed completely among multiple L3 forwarding engines.
Source IP and MAC must match those addresses learned by DHCP snooping or a static entry
The station can transmit immediately and wait for an ack


11. How does 802.1q handle COS?
A single broadcast domain
The frame tag includes a 3 bit COS value from 0 (low) to 7 (high). Native vlans are untagged so no COS
Limits the number if dhcp requests on a port
No


12. What does the skinny protocol do?
Only the standby monitors the hello messages from the active router
Only for the offending VLAN on the port
No
Transmits keystrokes from phone and commands from CCM


13. What is the default 802.3af power class and its use?

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14. On what scope is DAI enabled?
10-15%
Trusted or untrusted
Manages addition - deletion and renaming VLANs across the network
Per VLAN


15. What does MSTP do?
Compatible with 802.11b - up to 54Mbps in 12 data rates - 3 channels - 2.4Ghz
A MAC is seen on a different port
No
Used when there are 1 or more VLANs mapped to a single STP instance


16. What is the STP hello timer?
Round robin - weighted - or host-dependent
L2
Time between BDPUs sent by root bridge. Default of 2 seconds
1-name the chain - 2-establish a key number - 3-create the key string - 4-apply the chain to the string


17. How is an instance defined?
Connects to a host on an isolated or community vlan. Communicates only with promiscuous port or ports on same community vlan
No
By name - config revision - and instance to vlan mapping table
Flash (class 3)


18. What pins does FE use?
0007.b4xx.xxyy where xx.xx is six 0 bits followed by a 10-bit GLBP group numberr. Yyyy is the virtual forwarder number
Within a single MST region - an IST instances runs to work out a loop free topology between links where CST meets the region boundary and all switches in the region. It runs at the boundary.
Enables portfast - sets the port to access and disables PAgP
1/2 and 3/6


19. How does 802.3af do power discovery?
Hosts associated with a secondary VLAN can communicate with ports on the primary but not with another secondary VLAN
Group (0-1023) priority (1-255 higher better def 100)
Sends a voltage across the receive pairs to detect a 25k ohm resistance
Etherchannel ports have inconsistent config


20. What is a CEF punt?

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21. How many 802.3af power classes are there?
Half-duplex
5 (0-4 with 4 being the highest)
No shut
Group (0-1023) priority (1-255 higher better def 100)


22. Where is root guard enabled?

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23. What is the port priority range?
Manually
Based on priority (0-255). Default is 100. Highest IP is tie breaker
0-255 (lower is better)
All L2 connectivity should be contained within the access layer.


24. What does the ip option do when checking ARP replies

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25. Each switch port is a _____ ______
16 - IST gets MSTI 0 - 1-15 are available for use. MSTIs are locally significant to the MST region
Used to switch packets that can't be forwarded normallly due to an encapsulation failure - unresolved address - unsupported protocol - etc.
Collision domain
The switch checks the MAC and IP reported in the reply against trusted values. If they don't match - it is dropped and logged


26. What does Loop Guard do?
Cisco proprietary. 1 instance of STP/VLAN. Requires ISL instead of dot1q
By brining up a tunnel between them to carry 802.11 related messages and client data.
Silent
Tracks of BDPUs on nondesignated ports. When those BDPUs stop coming - the port is put into loop-inconsistent state and blocks


27. What happens when an ARP reply is received on an untrusted port?

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28. What is layer 3 roaming?
When a client roams between Aps in different subnets
By short-circuiting the max age timer
12 kbps with headers and compression
LWAPP (Cisco proprietary) and CAP-WAP (standards based)


29. What are the 3 trunk switchport modes?
802.1w
1 -2 -5.5 and 11 Mbps - Channels 1/6/11 - 2.4Ghz
Trunk - dynamic auto - dynamic desireable (default)
A host port goes up or down


30. How does PAgP form etherchannels?
On all switches in network to enable RLQ request and reply
Only on ports that have same static VLANs or trunking. It also modifies parameters of the channel if one of the ports is modified
Every switch and router in a network must be configured with appropriate QoS features and policies
Using digital certificates


31. How do you show HSRP status
Those that connect to other switches
Edge - root - and point to point
Show standby
12 kbps with headers and compression


32. What is a bridge ID made up of?
One that can be detected on a switch interface (ie. Up/down)
The campus network's backbone
Bridge priority and MAC
0000.0c07.acxx where xx is the group number as a 2-digit hex value


33. What does uplinkfast do?
Admin down
Differentiated services code point
Enables switches at the end of the spanning tree branches to have a functioning root port while keeping 1 or more redundant potential ports in blocking mode. When the main fails - the other comes up.
Switching Database Manager - configures and prunes TCAM partitions


34. What is the distribution layer best practice?
1 -2 -5.5 and 11 Mbps - Channels 1/6/11 - 2.4Ghz
Matching SSID - compatible data rate - authentication credentials
The distribution layer should have only L3 links
Gateway load balancing protocol - cisco proprietary


35. What is 802.1x force-unauthorized?
Using a mobility exchange message
All user ports that have portfast enabled
Port is forced to never authorize any connected client
4


36. How does an L2 switch do QOS?
Via an 802.1Q trunk or a single VLAN access port
An L2 switch can only forward frames best effort unless going across a trunk
Real-time Transport Protocol
Data goes over native vlan - voice goes over specified VLAN - voice QOS is 802.1p


37. What are the steps of RSTP convergence?
They must be carried over a voice VLAN (VVID) or over a regular data VLAN (ie. The native VLAN or the PVID)
Up to 4 can be used in a group. Called active virtual forwarders (AVF)
Will trunk if asked
1- root bridge is elected - 2-the state of eery switch port in the STP domain must be brought from blocking state to the appropriate state


38. How much BW does a voip connection use?
Time between BDPUs sent by root bridge. Default of 2 seconds
12 kbps with headers and compression
Forces the router to wait for a period of time after the switch is reloaded before attempting to overthrow
Root - designated - blocking - alternate - forwarding (host)


39. What are LOU register pairs?
Used when ACLs specify port ranges...used by TCAM
Best effort delivery - integrated services model - and differentiated services model
LACP port priority
2 seconds


40. By default - what submode does PAgP operate in with the desirable and auto modes?
It updates the L2 headers with the proper src and dst MAC - L3 TTL - L3 checksum - and L2 checksum information
Cisco recommends only on the root bridge
Silent
Causes switch to actively determine whether alternative paths exist to root bridge in case ther eis an indirect failure


41. What does BDPU filtering do?
Using digital certificates
Global config (vlan - vtp mode - and vtp domain) and VLAN DB mode commands. Global config is preferred because VLAN DB mode commands are legacy
Dynamic WEP keys that change periodically
Effectively stops STP on filtered ports


42. How is an RSTP edge port configured
With portfast
Each network device handles packets individually with no advance reservations
Switches make an effort to move packets as quickly as possible
1-ID link path costs - 2-ID roodt bridge - 3-select root port (1/switch) - 4-select designated port (1/segment) - 5-ID blocking port


43. How does ILP do power discovery?
Flash override (class 4)
Within a single MST region - an IST instances runs to work out a loop free topology between links where CST meets the region boundary and all switches in the region. It runs at the boundary.
Sends a test tone on the transmit pair. If a device is detected - CDP is used to narrow down the power class.
By encapsulating each frame in a header and trailer


44. Where is UDLD enabled?
Global config (vlan - vtp mode - and vtp domain) and VLAN DB mode commands. Global config is preferred because VLAN DB mode commands are legacy
To a VLAN and not to a VLAN interface (SVI)
All fiber-optic links between switches (must be enabled on both ends)
Port stays up - but packets from violating MACs are dropped. Switch logs violating packets


45. What is the STP Max Age timer?
The time interval that a switch stores a DBPU before discarding it. Default 20 seconds
2 strand MMF with MT-RJ or SC connectors
By using an Ether-IP tunnel
Another router must have a higher HSRP priority and have preemt set up


46. How many MST instances can be in a region?
16 - IST gets MSTI 0 - 1-15 are available for use. MSTIs are locally significant to the MST region
A client can roam to any WLC as long as it stays in a mobility group
Only when a nonedge port transitions to forwarding
One router is the active virtual gateway - has highest priority or IP in group - answers all ARP requests and gives MAC based on load balancing


47. How does ISL do trunking?
By encapsulating each frame in a header and trailer
Data goes over native vlan - voice goes over specified VLAN - voice QOS is 802.1p
1-LAP gets a DHCP address - 2-LAP learns IP of available WLC - 3-LAP sends a join request to WLC and receives join reply - 4-WLC sends code image - if necessary - 5-Tunnels are created
Lowest cumulative cost to root


48. RSTP learning state
Manually
Automatically using DTP and CDP
On the left as you face the connector
Incoming frames dropped - but MACs learned


49. What are the two private vlan association modes?
PAgP (Cisco proprietary) and LACP (standards-based)
Dynamic arp inspection
Flash override (class 4)
Promiscuous and host


50. RSTP uses which standard?
Port with best root path cost on segment
By configuring every switch port to have an expected and controlled behavior
12 kbps with headers and compression
802.1w