Test your basic knowledge |

CCNP Switch Deck

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. When are RSTP bdpus sent?
Host Standby Router protocol. Cisco proprietary. Switch is either active - standby - or listen
Every hello interval regardless of whether BDPUs are received from root - allowing any switch to take an active role maintaining the topology
The L3 forwarding engine can't forward the packet in hardware because there is no L2 next-hop address - so the packet is sent to the L3 engine to generate the ARP response
PAgP (Cisco proprietary) and LACP (standards-based)

2. What are the gotchas for uplinkfast?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

3. What is DSCP codepoint AF11(10)?
2 seconds (def)
Variation in delay
Priority (class 1)
Missed beacons - dropped packets (max retry) - weak signal (data rate switches down) - an AP periodicallytries to find a stronger signal

4. How do you find duplex mismatches?
Plain text or md5
On (all ports channel) - auto (channels when asked) - and desirable(actively asks to form a channel)
Promiscuous and host
Use sh interface on the interface and look for error counts > 10

5. One vlan should =
1 per segment
1 IP subnet
It's a router that maintains routes (static or dynamic) - and populates the FIB
All user ports that have portfast enabled

6. For QoS - switch uplinks should always be considered as ____ _____?
Checks the destination MAC in the header against the target MAC in the ARP reply
5 (0-4 with 4 being the highest)
Data goes over native vlan - voice goes over specified VLAN - voice QOS is 802.1p
Trusted ports

7. What do you need to determine to use MSTP?
Host Standby Router protocol. Cisco proprietary. Switch is either active - standby - or listen
Only when a nonedge port transitions to forwarding
The number of STP instances needed ot support the desired topologies and whether to map a set of VLANs to each instance
When the size of a cell is intentionally reduced

8. What are the steps to configure a PAgP port channel?
An L2 switch can only forward frames best effort unless going across a trunk
SC fiber or RJ-45
1-(opt) configure load balancing - 2-select the interface(s) - 3-assign the protocol - 4-select the mode and submode
Can send and receive BDPUs

9. What is a LACP priority?
Feature Manager - after the ACL is created - the FM compiles the ACEs into the table
The priority is a 2 byte value followed by the MAC that decides which ports are actively participating in Etherchannel (lower=higher priority)
Data and voice over native vlan - no QOS but still uses 802.1p trunk
Sends a test tone on the transmit pair. If a device is detected - CDP is used to narrow down the power class.

10. Does GLBP allow preemption?
Based on priority (0-255). Default is 100. Highest IP is tie breaker
Yes
Promiscuous and host
Sets the switchport mode to access - enables portfast - and turns off channel grouping for the port

11. What is an isolated secondary VLAN?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

12. What does IP source guard do?
Determines when the AVG will stop using the old VMAC in ARP replies
Every switch and router in a network must be configured with appropriate QoS features and policies
Makes use of the DHCP snooping database and static ip source binding entries. If enabled - switch will test addresses
802.11

13. What is an end to end vlan?
A VLAN that spans the entire fabric
One router is the active virtual gateway - has highest priority or IP in group - answers all ARP requests and gives MAC based on load balancing
Half because transmitting and receiving stations use the same frequency
On all switches in network to enable RLQ request and reply

14. What are 2 ways to configure VLAN and VTP information?
Global config (vlan - vtp mode - and vtp domain) and VLAN DB mode commands. Global config is preferred because VLAN DB mode commands are legacy
Sends a test tone on the transmit pair. If a device is detected - CDP is used to narrow down the power class.
Distribution layer
An AP's coverage area

15. How does every GLBP command begin
Each frame transmits its expected duration time
Time between BDPUs sent by root bridge. Default of 2 seconds
Distribution layer
Switch(config-if)# glbp xx where xx = group number

16. What is an IST instance?
1 second. Backup routers can learn the interval from the master
Within a single MST region - an IST instances runs to work out a loop free topology between links where CST meets the region boundary and all switches in the region. It runs at the boundary.
Yes to both
Both layer 2 switching and IVR

17. Define VRRP
Usually QoS from VOIP but not PC dataa
80% of the user traffic should stay in the VLAN
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol - pretty much the same as HSRP
Only for trusted Cisco gear - especially phones

18. What does the dst-mac option do when checking ARP replies
Compatible with 802.11b - up to 54Mbps in 12 data rates - 3 channels - 2.4Ghz
A key string of up to 8 characters is sent. Default is cisco.
The campus network's backbone
Checks the destination MAC in the header against the target MAC in the ARP reply

19. Define GLBP
Via an 802.1Q trunk or a single VLAN access port
Real-time Transport Protocol
From the DHCP snooping database or from static entries
Gateway load balancing protocol - cisco proprietary

20. How does GLBP work?
Routers are assigned to common GLBP group. All routers can be active and can load balance
Sets the switchport mode to access - enables portfast - and turns off channel grouping for the port
80% of the user traffic should stay in the VLAN
0-65535 (def 32768) lower=better

21. CAM table entries are purged when....
By encapsulating each frame in a header and trailer
A MAC is seen on a different port
The DCF interframe space- the random backoff time before a wireless set can transmit
Sends a voltage across the receive pairs to detect a 25k ohm resistance

22. What does Root Guard do?
Root - designated - blocking - alternate - forwarding (host)
Per VLAN
Controls where candidate root bridges can be connected and found on a network
802.1x with EAP over LAN (EAPOL)

23. What does port-security restrict do?
An L2 switch can only forward frames best effort unless going across a trunk
Port stays up - but packets from violating MACs are dropped. Switch logs violating packets
Packets must be sent to the L3 engine for further processing
Group (0-1023) priority (1-255 higher better def 100)

24. Where is UDLD enabled?
1- root bridge is elected - 2-the state of eery switch port in the STP domain must be brought from blocking state to the appropriate state
If three are missed in a row - the neighbor is considered down and the data for that neighbor is aged
All fiber-optic links between switches (must be enabled on both ends)
900 MHz - 2.4Ghz - and 5-6GHz

25. If you want IP source guard to detect spoofed MAC addresses - what must you do?
Turn on port security
Yes
Single instance of STP for all VLANs. BDPUs are sent over trunks using the native VLAN with untagged frames. Dot1q based
0000.5e00.01xx

26. What is the VRRP skew time?
Hold time is 3xhello. A skew time of 256ms-routerpriority)/256ms is added
After forwarding delay - port can learn new MAC addresses
By an ARP access list that defines the permitted bindings
Forces the router to wait for a period of time after the switch is reloaded before attempting to overthrow

27. Define HSRP
0-255
Host Standby Router protocol. Cisco proprietary. Switch is either active - standby - or listen
When a wireless station transmits a frame - the receiving one must send an ack
Differentiated services

28. What is the PVLAN promiscuous mode?
Will trunk if asked
Determines when the AVG will stop using the old VMAC in ARP replies
Connects to a router - firewall - or gateway. Can communicate with anything else connected to the primary or any secondary. Ignores pvlan config
2 strand MMF with MT-RJ or SC connectors

29. How does RSTP converge?
All ARP packets that arrive on untrusted ports are inspected.
Forces the router to wait for a period of time after the switch is reloaded before attempting to overthrow
If a proposal is received - the recipient isolates - all nonedge ports blocked until proposal sent causing neighbors to synch - which propagates out in waves
Root

30. What is topology-basec caching?
Regions and instances
Connects with SONET or SDH
Change in trunk encap
The topology is pre-populated by downloading the topology DB into the FIB and dynamically updated. Called Cisco Express Forwarding

31. At what layer does EAPOL run?
All non-edge ports are discarding. After the root bridge is identified - the port with superior BDPU becomes root
L2
Will trunk if asked
0-255 (lower is better)

32. How does RSTP identify a topology change?
An ac adaptor that plugs into a wall outlet.
Completed dhcp bindings - mac addresses - IP addresses - etc.
Src-ip - dst-ip - src-dst-ip - src-mac - dst-mac - src-dst-mac - src-port - dst-port - src-dst-port
Only when a nonedge port transitions to forwarding

33. How does backbonefast determine whether alternative paths exist?
1- inferior BDPU on blocked-considered alternative - 2-inferior on root-all blocked ports considered alternate - 3-if inferior arrives on root and no blocked ports - assumes loss of connectivity to root
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol - pretty much the same as HSRP
Hosts within a secondary can communicate with each other and with the primary - but not with another secondary vlan
A single broadcast domain

34. Can loop guard and udld be used together?
Yes
Receives the first packet of a traffic flow and routes it
Incoming frames are dropped (combination of disabled - blocking - and listening)
7 switches from root bridge

35. What are the 3 redundant supervisor modes?
Up to 54Mbps - not cross-compatible - 12 to 23 clean channels - 5.8 Ghz
Missed beacons - dropped packets (max retry) - weak signal (data rate switches down) - an AP periodicallytries to find a stronger signal
RPR - RPR+ - and SSO
Configure and enable DHCP snooping

36. What is 802.1x force-unauthorized?
A single broadcast domain
Cisco proprietary. 1 instance of STP/VLAN. Requires ISL instead of dot1q
Port is forced to never authorize any connected client
Reboots and searches for a new WLC

37. What are the steps to configure a LACP port channel?
Port with best root path cost on segment
No
1-(opt) set system priority - 2-select interface(s) - 3-assign the protocol - 4-set the mode - 5-(opt) set the port priority
Makes use of the DHCP snooping database and static ip source binding entries. If enabled - switch will test addresses

38. What must be in common for a BSS to form?
Between any type of interface as long as the interface can have an L3 address assigned
Must be same type - speed - VLAN(s) - native vlan - pass the same set of vlans -duplex - and spanning tree settings
Matching SSID - compatible data rate - authentication credentials
1 IP subnet

39. What is the default FE duplex?
All nondesignated ports - but ok for all ports
80% of the user traffic should stay in the VLAN
The active router. All other routers are in backup state
Full duplex

40. What is a CEF punt?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

41. What is the STP disabled state?
Untrusted
Admin down
Port with best root path cost on segment
The campus network's backbone

42. How is RSTP synchronization accomplished?
Connects to a router - firewall - or gateway. Can communicate with anything else connected to the primary or any secondary. Ignores pvlan config
All non-edge ports are discarding. After the root bridge is identified - the port with superior BDPU becomes root
Regions and instances
All user ports that have portfast enabled

43. How many 802.3af power classes are there?
After another forwarding delay - the port can send and receive data frames - collect MAC addresses - and send and receove BDPUs
5 (0-4 with 4 being the highest)
Yes
A point to point port type but the neighboring device runs traditional 802.1D STP

44. What are the 5 steps a LAP uses to establish communication with a WLC?
1-LAP gets a DHCP address - 2-LAP learns IP of available WLC - 3-LAP sends a join request to WLC and receives join reply - 4-WLC sends code image - if necessary - 5-Tunnels are created
3 seconds. Holdtime =3 hellos + 1
The time interval that a switch stores a DBPU before discarding it. Default 20 seconds
The master router can share the VIP

45. How does packet forwarding work
Arp for local subnet - if on different subnet - will arp for dgw
The total delay from start to finish
They disguise the origin of an attack
900 MHz - 2.4Ghz - and 5-6GHz

46. What is the STP blocking state?
Critical...used most often for IPT
1 per segment
VTP server for domain null with no password or secure mode
Can hear only BDPUs

47. What is the STP forward delay timer?
0-255 (lower is better)
The time that a port spends in both listening and learning states . Default 15 seconds
Port stays up - but packets from violating MACs are dropped. Switch logs violating packets
Src-dst-ip

48. How does dot1q do trunking?
Two distribution switches that aggregate one or more access switches
Embeds the tag within the frame
They are locally significant on an interface. HSRP1 on one VLAN is different from HSRP1 on another
3 seconds. Holdtime =3 hellos + 1

49. What is a service set?
Stateful switchover - redundant sup is fully booted and init'd. Both start and run config are synched as is L2 information - and switchinterfaces.
Value - mask - and result (VMR) combinations
Frames that barely exceed 1518B or 1622B due to headers
A group of wireless devices that share a common SSID

50. What are the steps to configure MST?
Full duplex
Edge - root - and point to point
1- enable MST - 2-enter MST config mode - 3-assign region name and region configuration rev - 4-map vlans to an MSTI - 5-show pending changes - 6- commit by exiting
LWAPP (Cisco proprietary) and CAP-WAP (standards based)