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CCNP Switch Deck

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What does the src-mac option do when checking ARP replies
Switch(config-if)# glbp xx where xx = group number
Gateway load balancing protocol - cisco proprietary
Etherchannel ports have inconsistent config
Checks the source MAC in the header against the sender MAC in the ARP reply

2. What are the 5 STP states?
They should be an unconditional Etherchannel because the WLC can't negotiate a channel.
Disabled - blocking - listening - learning - forwarding
CEF is distributed across multiple L3 forwarding engines - typically on Catalyst 6500 line cards each having only a subset
Access

3. How does IPT behave when the voice VLAN is in vlan-id mode?
Low cost - high density ports - multiple scalable uplinks - vlans - traffic and protocol filtering and QoS
Using digital certificates
Data goes over native vlan - voice goes over specified VLAN - voice QOS is 802.1p
1 to 64

4. What is 802.1x force-unauthorized?
Arp for local subnet - if on different subnet - will arp for dgw
Port is forced to never authorize any connected client
The number of times the entry has been updated since the table was generated
Sends a test tone on the transmit pair. If a device is detected - CDP is used to narrow down the power class.

5. if the switchport is part of an etherchannel - Where is the network assigned
The port will operate under 802.1D rules. If they are received on the same port - it will run 802.1D until the migration delay expires
Feature Manager - after the ACL is created - the FM compiles the ACEs into the table
To the virtual port-channel interface
Value - mask - and result (VMR) combinations

6. How does ISL handle COS?
CEF is distributed completely among multiple L3 forwarding engines.
That they aren't using the same frequencies.
The frame tag contains a 3 but portion tagged from 0 (low) to 7 (high)
Low cost - high density ports - multiple scalable uplinks - vlans - traffic and protocol filtering and QoS

7. What are the three basic types of QOS?
Best effort delivery - integrated services model - and differentiated services model
Aggregation - high L3 throughput - security and policy based connectivity functions through access lists and packet filters - QoS - scalable high-speed links
A private VLAN can be logically associated with a special secondary vlan
Frames that barely exceed 1518B or 1622B due to headers

8. What is the portr ID?
An ac adaptor that plugs into a wall outlet.
16 bits (8b port priority - 8b port number)
Only a single host connects . If one BDPU is received - it is no longer an edge port
Half-duplex

9. What is an end to end vlan?
A VLAN that spans the entire fabric
If a proposal is received - the recipient isolates - all nonedge ports blocked until proposal sent causing neighbors to synch - which propagates out in waves
When a wireless station transmits a frame - the receiving one must send an ack
Receives the first packet of a traffic flow and routes it

10. What is the default 10mbps Enet duplex?
Root
Packets are discarded due to an ACL or policy action
Half-duplex
1-name the chain - 2-establish a key number - 3-create the key string - 4-apply the chain to the string

11. What are the gotchas for uplinkfast?

12. What is a baby giant frame?
Frames that barely exceed 1518B or 1622B due to headers
When a client roams between Aps in different subnets
All non-edge ports are discarding. After the root bridge is identified - the port with superior BDPU becomes root
Access

13. What is a microcell?
Globally or per-port
When the size of a cell is intentionally reduced
The station can transmit immediately and wait for an ack
The topology is pre-populated by downloading the topology DB into the FIB and dynamically updated. Called Cisco Express Forwarding

14. What does UDLD do?
Turn on port security
A group of wireless devices that share a common SSID
The campus network's backbone
Protects STP when a physical malfunction only allows traffic in 1 direction - even though the link shows as up (cisco proprietary)

15. Does VTP pass private VLAN configuration?
No
They shorten their bridge table aging times from default (300sec) to the fowarding delay (15 sec)
Silent
CEF is distributed completely among multiple L3 forwarding engines.

16. What is unique about HSRP group numbers?
A path is pre-arranged for priority along the complete path from source to destination using the RSVP protocol.
The station must wait until the frame in progress has completed - then wait a random amount of time before transmitting
10-15%
They are locally significant on an interface. HSRP1 on one VLAN is different from HSRP1 on another

17. What are the 5 STP port roles?
Root - designated - blocking - alternate - forwarding (host)
Differentiated services
The frame tag includes a 3 bit COS value from 0 (low) to 7 (high). Native vlans are untagged so no COS
Critical...used most often for IPT

18. How does every VRRP command begin?
Used when ACLs specify port ranges...used by TCAM
When a port moves into forwarding or from fowarding or learning to blocking.
Switch(config-if)# vrrp xx where xx= group number
The topology is pre-populated by downloading the topology DB into the FIB and dynamically updated. Called Cisco Express Forwarding

19. What is a topology change?
26-byte header - 4-byte trailer with CRC
1-name the chain - 2-establish a key number - 3-create the key string - 4-apply the chain to the string
When a port moves into forwarding or from fowarding or learning to blocking.
Manually

20. Where is the QoS trust boundary usually configured on an IP phone?
Data goes over native vlan - voice goes over specified VLAN - voice QOS is 802.1p
Port with redundant - but less deisrable connection to a segment. Possibly root candidate
Usually QoS from VOIP but not PC dataa
The number of times the CEF table has bee flushed and regenerated as a whole

21. How are frames forwarded across a specific link?
Switching Database Manager - configures and prunes TCAM partitions
Full duplex
A path is pre-arranged for priority along the complete path from source to destination using the RSVP protocol.
Hashing algorithm

22. What is the acceptible range of VLANS?
1-1005 (1 and 1002-1005 are reserved)
Yes
With portfast
Very high L3 throughput - no access lists or port filtering - redundancy and resilience - advanced QoS

23. What are the characteristics of the core layer
If any BDUP is received on a port - it puts the port into the errdisable state
1- inferior BDPU on blocked-considered alternative - 2-inferior on root-all blocked ports considered alternate - 3-if inferior arrives on root and no blocked ports - assumes loss of connectivity to root
Very high L3 throughput - no access lists or port filtering - redundancy and resilience - advanced QoS
That they aren't using the same frequencies.

24. What scope is 802.1x enabled?
Those that connect to other switches
Low cost - high density ports - multiple scalable uplinks - vlans - traffic and protocol filtering and QoS
Globally
Backbonefast uses RLQ to determine if upstream switches have stable connections to root bridge

25. One vlan should =
1 IP subnet
Port that connects to another switch and becomes a designated port
Variation in delay
Connects to a router - firewall - or gateway. Can communicate with anything else connected to the primary or any secondary. Ignores pvlan config

26. What does the dst-mac option do when checking ARP replies
Sends a voltage across the receive pairs to detect a 25k ohm resistance
Checks the destination MAC in the header against the target MAC in the ARP reply
Enables portfast - sets the port to access and disables PAgP
Incoming frames are dropped (combination of disabled - blocking - and listening)

27. What does VTP do?
Source IP and MAC must match those addresses learned by DHCP snooping or a static entry
Multicast to 01-80-c2-00-00-00
Manages addition - deletion and renaming VLANs across the network
By using an Ether-IP tunnel

28. If a port is configured for errdisable auto recovery - how long does it stay down?
300 sec by default
Priority (class 1)
Show standby
Once the CCM gives them the parameters - they use RTP

29. What is the port number range?
Trunk
0-255
Distribution
All user ports that have portfast enabled

30. 802.11g
Compatible with 802.11b - up to 54Mbps in 12 data rates - 3 channels - 2.4Ghz
The MST instance (MSTI) runs alongside the IST and represents an STP instance
Globally or per-port
Connects with SONET or SDH

31. What is differentiated services model QOS?
No shut
If a proposal is received - the recipient isolates - all nonedge ports blocked until proposal sent causing neighbors to synch - which propagates out in waves
Switched Virtual Interface - an L3 address can be assigned to a logical interface that represents an entire VLAN - which becomes the DGW for that VLAN
Each network device handles packets individually with no advance reservations

32. What does IP source guard do?
Limits the number if dhcp requests on a port
Group (0-1023) priority (1-255 higher better def 100)
Cisco ILP and 802.3af
Makes use of the DHCP snooping database and static ip source binding entries. If enabled - switch will test addresses

33. How often are CAM table entries aged?
Roughly 2000
300 sec
Manages addition - deletion and renaming VLANs across the network
If the client maintains the same IP address as it roams between Aps. All must have same VLAN - SSID - and subnet

34. How does the VRRP master router handle the VIP?
The master router can share the VIP
Incoming frames dropped - but MACs learned
By name - config revision - and instance to vlan mapping table
By creating a static IP binding

35. By default - what layer do catalyst switchports operate on?
Cisco ILP and 802.3af
L2
FE - GE - and aggregated FE/GE Etherchannels
A path is pre-arranged for priority along the complete path from source to destination using the RSVP protocol.

36. Define VRRP
The active router. All other routers are in backup state
Aggregation - high L3 throughput - security and policy based connectivity functions through access lists and packet filters - QoS - scalable high-speed links
16 - IST gets MSTI 0 - 1-15 are available for use. MSTIs are locally significant to the MST region
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol - pretty much the same as HSRP

37. What is a CEF punt?

38. What are the steps to configure a LACP port channel?
4
802.1D
Normal and aggressive
1-(opt) set system priority - 2-select interface(s) - 3-assign the protocol - 4-set the mode - 5-(opt) set the port priority

39. How does the CEF L3 engine operate?

40. What are LOU register pairs?
134 bits
Used when ACLs specify port ranges...used by TCAM
The same as a standby group in HSRP
5 classes with 3 drop precedences

41. What is a bridge ID made up of?
Bridge priority and MAC
If three are missed in a row - the neighbor is considered down and the data for that neighbor is aged
5 (0-4 with 4 being the highest)
Critical...used most often for IPT

42. What does BDPU filtering do?
With portfast
On ports where you never expect to find a root bridge for a VLAN
Can send and receive BDPUs
Effectively stops STP on filtered ports

43. How does Root Guard work?

44. How does HSRP port tracking work?

45. What are the 3 redundant supervisor modes?
12 kbps with headers and compression
Lowest cumulative cost to root
RPR - RPR+ - and SSO
Regions and instances

46. What is an autonomous mode AP?
Almost eliminates listening and learning states for single hosts on an access link
1- enable MST - 2-enter MST config mode - 3-assign region name and region configuration rev - 4-map vlans to an MSTI - 5-show pending changes - 6- commit by exiting
When each AP stands alone within the larger network.
Roughly 50%

47. How often are VRRP advertisements sent?
Only for trusted Cisco gear - especially phones
Completed dhcp bindings - mac addresses - IP addresses - etc.
Src-dst-ip
1 second. Backup routers can learn the interval from the master

48. How does DAI work?
Sends special layer 2 UDLD frames and expects an echo. Both ends must be configured for UDLD
A MAC is seen on a different port
All ARP packets that arrive on untrusted ports are inspected.
Packets are discarded due to an ACL or policy action

49. What is DSCP codepoint AF11(10)?
MST attributes must be manually entereed on each switch in the region. They don' t propagate like VTP.
Priority (class 1)
Source IP and MAC must match those addresses learned by DHCP snooping or a static entry
Low cost - high density ports - multiple scalable uplinks - vlans - traffic and protocol filtering and QoS

50. What is the format of the VRRP virtual MAC?
0000.5e00.01xx
The wireless clients communicate directly with no other means of connectivity such as a WAP
During the time that the FIB entry is in CEF glean waiting for ARP entries - subsequent packet to that host are dropped to keep input queues from filling
It can't