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CCNP Switch Deck

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How does NSF work?
By encapsulating each frame in a header and trailer
Gets assistance from other NSF-aware neighbors. NSF features need to be built into the routing protocols on router needing and providing assistance
Switch(config-if)# standby xx where x= group number
It can't

2. Define VRRP
The priority is a 2 byte value followed by the MAC that decides which ports are actively participating in Etherchannel (lower=higher priority)
All ports where root isn't expected
Set the native VLAN of a trunk to a bogus or unused VLAN ID then prune the native VLAN off both ends of the trunk
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol - pretty much the same as HSRP

3. What does DTP do?
1500B
1-ID link path costs - 2-ID roodt bridge - 3-select root port (1/switch) - 4-select designated port (1/segment) - 5-ID blocking port
134 bits
Automatically negotiates a common trunk mode between switches

4. What is jitter?
On root - because the root bridge propagates timers with config BDPU
Interim solution - uses same hardware as WEP - but uses TKIP encryption
Variation in delay
Embeds the tag within the frame

5. What is integrated services model QOS?
On ports where you never expect to find a root bridge for a VLAN
Use sh interface on the interface and look for error counts > 10
The master router can share the VIP
A path is pre-arranged for priority along the complete path from source to destination using the RSVP protocol.

6. How does a DHCP server send WLC addresses?
1 -2 -5.5 and 11 Mbps - Channels 1/6/11 - 2.4Ghz
Yes
Option 43
The station must wait until the frame in progress has completed - then wait a random amount of time before transmitting

7. What is the duration time in a wireless frame?
Group (0-255) - priority (1-254 254 is highest - 100 default)
Each frame transmits its expected duration time
The master router can share the VIP
Critical...used most often for IPT

8. what should you do if you expect a PAgP capable switch at the other end vs. a server or host?
Transmits keystrokes from phone and commands from CCM
Edge - root - and point to point
Configure non-silent submode
A client can roam to any WLC as long as it stays in a mobility group

9. When looking at the sh spanning tree output - What does P2P denote?
Configure and enable DHCP snooping
A point to point port type
A port can only forward or relay BDPUs - but can't receive them - disabled by default - enabled per-port - blocks port when superior BDPUs are received
0007.b4xx.xxyy where xx.xx is six 0 bits followed by a 10-bit GLBP group numberr. Yyyy is the virtual forwarder number

10. What does MSTP do?
Configure non-silent submode
By short-circuiting the max age timer
Used when there are 1 or more VLANs mapped to a single STP instance
Effectively stops STP on filtered ports

11. What is a LACP priority?
Option 43
The priority is a 2 byte value followed by the MAC that decides which ports are actively participating in Etherchannel (lower=higher priority)
26-byte header - 4-byte trailer with CRC
The TOS field in the header is used. 2 methods 3 bits or 6 bits

12. What is the LACP priority range?
All ports where root isn't expected
1-65535 (def 32768) lower priority - higher probability
Gateway load balancing protocol - cisco proprietary
The time that a port spends in both listening and learning states . Default 15 seconds

13. Can two switches in the auto(PAgP) or passive (LACP) mode create a channel? Why?
No because they only participate if asked
Limits the number if dhcp requests on a port
Between any type of interface as long as the interface can have an L3 address assigned
Round robin - weighted - or host-dependent

14. What duplex setting does 802.11 use and why?
Half because transmitting and receiving stations use the same frequency
The same as a standby group in HSRP
L2
Set the native VLAN of a trunk to a bogus or unused VLAN ID then prune the native VLAN off both ends of the trunk

15. What is an IBSS?
Isolated and community
Sends a voltage across the receive pairs to detect a 25k ohm resistance
Port
The wireless clients communicate directly with no other means of connectivity such as a WAP

16. What is DSCP codepoint AF41(34)?
Up to 54Mbps - not cross-compatible - 12 to 23 clean channels - 5.8 Ghz
2-8 FE - GE - or 10GE are bundled.
It's a router that maintains routes (static or dynamic) - and populates the FIB
Flash override (class 4)

17. What is DSCP codepoint AF11(10)?
Can send and receive BDPUs
1/2 and 3/6
Switch(config-if)# standby xx where x= group number
Priority (class 1)

18. How does adding option-82 to DHCP snooping affect things?

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19. What is the cost of a 10Gbps link?
Dynamic WEP keys that change periodically
If a unidirectional link is detected - the port continues normally - but the port is marked as undetermined and a syslog is generated
A single broadcast domain
2

20. How should the switch port to which a WLC be configured?
Trunk
Regions and instances
Forces the router to wait for a period of time before attempting overthrow
Every hello interval regardless of whether BDPUs are received from root - allowing any switch to take an active role maintaining the topology

21. What does the switchport host macro do?
12 kbps with headers and compression
On ports where you never expect to find a root bridge for a VLAN
If a unidirectional link is detected - the port continues normally - but the port is marked as undetermined and a syslog is generated
Enables portfast - sets the port to access and disables PAgP

22. How is root port decided upon?
Lowest cumulative cost to root
1-1005 (1 and 1002-1005 are reserved)
Used when ACLs specify port ranges...used by TCAM
No

23. What is best effort delivery QOS?
Bridge priority and MAC
Change in trunk encap
802.1D
Switches make an effort to move packets as quickly as possible

24. What is the STP learning state?
Data goes over native vlan - voice goes over VLAN0 - voice QOS is 802.1p
After forwarding delay - port can learn new MAC addresses
Full duplex
The link status stays up - but something between them has failed or is filtering traffic

25. static vlans offer ____ based membership
The total delay from start to finish
Port
Priority (class 1)
As a VLAN access map

26. How does a Cisco IP phone connect upstream?
2 strand MMF with MT-RJ or SC connectors
Via an 802.1Q trunk or a single VLAN access port
Differentiated services code point
Show standby

27. What are the two etherchannel negotiation protocols?
During the time that the FIB entry is in CEF glean waiting for ARP entries - subsequent packet to that host are dropped to keep input queues from filling
0-65535 (def 32768) lower=better
PAgP (Cisco proprietary) and LACP (standards-based)
Hosts within a secondary can communicate with each other and with the primary - but not with another secondary vlan

28. the static port to vlan membership is handled in _____
If the switch or the powered device doesn't suport power class discovery
Stateful switchover - redundant sup is fully booted and init'd. Both start and run config are synched as is L2 information - and switchinterfaces.
The ASIC
By using a trunk link

29. What is NSF?
Once the CCM gives them the parameters - they use RTP
1- enable qos - 2-define qos parameters to be trusted - 3-make trust conditional - 4-instruct IP phone how to extnd boundary
All ports where root isn't expected
Nonstop forwarding is an interactive method focusing on rebuilding the RIB after SUP switchover

30. What is the default mode of load balancing?
0000.5e00.01xx
Two distribution switches that aggregate one or more access switches
Src-dst-ip
0-255

31. What are dynamic VLANs based on?
When a wireless station transmits a frame - the receiving one must send an ack
MAC of the end device
An L2 switch can only forward frames best effort unless going across a trunk
By using an Ether-IP tunnel

32. Of what significance are private VLANs
Distribution layer
Traffic types and patterns - amount of L3 switching cap. At dist. Layer - # users at access layer - geography - size of spanning tree domains
L2
Local only

33. What is an indirect topology change?
LACP port priority
0007.b4xx.xxyy where xx.xx is six 0 bits followed by a 10-bit GLBP group numberr. Yyyy is the virtual forwarder number
Compatible with 802.11b - up to 54Mbps in 12 data rates - 3 channels - 2.4Ghz
The link status stays up - but something between them has failed or is filtering traffic

34. If a wireless station needs to transmit and no other device is transmitting - what happens?
The DCF interframe space- the random backoff time before a wireless set can transmit
The station can transmit immediately and wait for an ack
Distribution layer
Plain text or md5

35. What is topology-basec caching?
A path is pre-arranged for priority along the complete path from source to destination using the RSVP protocol.
4
The topology is pre-populated by downloading the topology DB into the FIB and dynamically updated. Called Cisco Express Forwarding
Real-time Transport Protocol

36. What are the 2 choices for VLANs with IPT?
Between interfaces that are assigned to L2 VLANs or L2 trunks
Data goes over native vlan - voice goes over specified VLAN - voice QOS is 802.1p
Root - designated - blocking - alternate - forwarding (host)
They must be carried over a voice VLAN (VVID) or over a regular data VLAN (ie. The native VLAN or the PVID)

37. What is the portr ID?
16 bits (8b port priority - 8b port number)
No
Only on ports that have same static VLANs or trunking. It also modifies parameters of the channel if one of the ports is modified
After forwarding delay - port can learn new MAC addresses

38. What are the PAgP negotiation modes
Only the standby monitors the hello messages from the active router
Any ports associated with an isolated vlan can reach the primary - but not any other secondary. Hosts withn an isolated vlan can't reach each other
On (all ports channel) - auto (channels when asked) - and desirable(actively asks to form a channel)
Data goes over native vlan - voice goes over VLAN0 - voice QOS is 802.1p

39. How do you implement MST?

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40. How does HSRP plain text authentication work?
A key string of up to 8 characters is sent. Default is cisco.
Hosts associated with a secondary VLAN can communicate with ports on the primary but not with another secondary VLAN
Yes
A MAC is seen on a different port

41. How should backbonefast be configured?
Only on ports that have same static VLANs or trunking. It also modifies parameters of the channel if one of the ports is modified
Completed dhcp bindings - mac addresses - IP addresses - etc.
1 IP subnet
On all switches in network to enable RLQ request and reply

42. Where should STP timers be configured and why?
On root - because the root bridge propagates timers with config BDPU
2
All nondesignated ports - but ok for all ports
By creating a static IP binding

43. How does loop guard block ports?
On all switches in network to enable RLQ request and reply
Real-time functions such as beacons and probes - encryption and interactions with the client at L2
Only for the offending VLAN on the port
Each physical interface has a different IP address. All physical interfaces point to a virtual interface called the standby address or VIP

44. Whan is a 10GE WAN PHY?
If a unidirectional link is detected - the switch doesn't try to reestablish the link. ULD msgs are sent once/sec for 8 seconds - then the port is err-disabled
Bridge priority and MAC
The station must wait until the frame in progress has completed - then wait a random amount of time before transmitting
Connects with SONET or SDH

45. If a wireless station needs to transmit and another device is transmitting - what happens?
Each physical interface has a different IP address. All physical interfaces point to a virtual interface called the standby address or VIP
Collision domain
An instance of RSTP running for each VLAN on the switch. Changing from PVST to RPVST+ is disruptive
The station must wait until the frame in progress has completed - then wait a random amount of time before transmitting

46. where does L2 switching occur?
Used to switch packets destined for the null interface
Between interfaces that are assigned to L2 VLANs or L2 trunks
Will trunk if asked
Any ports associated with an isolated vlan can reach the primary - but not any other secondary. Hosts withn an isolated vlan can't reach each other

47. What happens when switches receive a configuration BDPU?
They shorten their bridge table aging times from default (300sec) to the fowarding delay (15 sec)
An instance of RSTP running for each VLAN on the switch. Changing from PVST to RPVST+ is disruptive
Immediate (class 2)
Feature Manager - after the ACL is created - the FM compiles the ACEs into the table

48. How does every VRRP command begin?
Switch(config-if)# vrrp xx where xx= group number
1- enable MST - 2-enter MST config mode - 3-assign region name and region configuration rev - 4-map vlans to an MSTI - 5-show pending changes - 6- commit by exiting
During the time that the FIB entry is in CEF glean waiting for ARP entries - subsequent packet to that host are dropped to keep input queues from filling
LWAPP (Cisco proprietary) and CAP-WAP (standards based)

49. How does ISL do trunking?
Using a mobility exchange message
The wireless clients communicate directly with no other means of connectivity such as a WAP
By encapsulating each frame in a header and trailer
Data goes over native vlan - voice goes over specified VLAN - voice QOS is 802.1p

50. What is SSO?

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