CCNP Switch Deck

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What happens if both 802.1D and RSTP BDPUs are received?
A router keeps a routing table and an ARP table. The FIB combines them for every next-hop entry
Data and voice over native vlan - no QOS but still uses 802.1p trunk
The port will operate under 802.1D rules. If they are received on the same port - it will run 802.1D until the migration delay expires
Only the standby monitors the hello messages from the active router


2. How does a DAI enabled switch gather trusted ARP info?
Per-port or globally for all fiber-optic ports. Can be enabled globally - but will only affect fiber ports
All ARP packets that arrive on untrusted ports are inspected.
From the DHCP snooping database or from static entries
Needs hardware upgrade over WEP - uses AES encryption


3. How does ILP do power discovery?
Data and voice over native vlan - no QOS but still uses 802.1p trunk
No shut
Used to switch packets destined for the null interface
Sends a test tone on the transmit pair. If a device is detected - CDP is used to narrow down the power class.


4. What is RPR+?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


5. What are the 5 steps a LAP uses to establish communication with a WLC?
A point to point port type
1-LAP gets a DHCP address - 2-LAP learns IP of available WLC - 3-LAP sends a join request to WLC and receives join reply - 4-WLC sends code image - if necessary - 5-Tunnels are created
300 sec
2


6. How many 802.3af power classes are there?
Should be used on access switches - can't be used on root - keeps enabled switch from becoming root by raising priority of switch and all ports - making them undesirable
5 (0-4 with 4 being the highest)
Dynamic WEP keys that change periodically
Src-ip - dst-ip - src-dst-ip - src-mac - dst-mac - src-dst-mac - src-port - dst-port - src-dst-port


7. What are the 5 STP states?
Show standby
0-65535 (def 32768) lower=better
Disabled - blocking - listening - learning - forwarding
Limits the number if dhcp requests on a port


8. What is the cost of a 1Gbps link?
2-8 FE - GE - or 10GE are bundled.
4
The station can transmit immediately and wait for an ack
Only the standby monitors the hello messages from the active router


9. If the WLC connects to an Etherchannel - how should the channel be configured and why?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


10. What is differentiated services model QOS?
By an ARP access list that defines the permitted bindings
Globally
Src-ip - dst-ip - src-dst-ip - src-mac - dst-mac - src-dst-mac - src-port - dst-port - src-dst-port
Each network device handles packets individually with no advance reservations


11. What is an end to end vlan?
On all switches in network to enable RLQ request and reply
Connects to a router - firewall - or gateway. Can communicate with anything else connected to the primary or any secondary. Ignores pvlan config
A VLAN that spans the entire fabric
Automatically negotiates a common trunk mode between switches


12. What types of ports autonegotiate?
FE and GE
Limits the number if dhcp requests on a port
By using an Ether-IP tunnel
Silent


13. What is a vlan?
Backbonefast uses RLQ to determine if upstream switches have stable connections to root bridge
A single broadcast domain
If the client maintains the same IP address as it roams between Aps. All must have same VLAN - SSID - and subnet
Forces the router to wait for a period of time after the switch is reloaded before attempting to overthrow


14. What is the default MTU?
Embeds the tag within the frame
The number of times the entry has been updated since the table was generated
1500B
Sends a test tone on the transmit pair. If a device is detected - CDP is used to narrow down the power class.


15. What must be supported for port-based security to occur?
1 per segment
802.1x with EAP over LAN (EAPOL)
PAgP (Cisco proprietary) and LACP (standards-based)
Gateway load balancing protocol - cisco proprietary


16. What is a root link query (RLQ)?
Controls where candidate root bridges can be connected and found on a network
All user ports that have portfast enabled
Backbonefast uses RLQ to determine if upstream switches have stable connections to root bridge
A path is pre-arranged for priority along the complete path from source to destination using the RSVP protocol.


17. What is the distribution layer best practice?
0-255
The distribution layer should have only L3 links
802.1D
Best effort delivery - integrated services model - and differentiated services model


18. What is Per VLAN STP (PVST)?
Cisco proprietary. 1 instance of STP/VLAN. Requires ISL instead of dot1q
An L2 switch can only forward frames best effort unless going across a trunk
Almost eliminates listening and learning states for single hosts on an access link
Switched Virtual Interface - an L3 address can be assigned to a logical interface that represents an entire VLAN - which becomes the DGW for that VLAN


19. How should backbonefast be configured?
Switchpotrt nonegotiate
Roughly 2000
On all switches in network to enable RLQ request and reply
Isl - dot1q - negotiate (default)


20. What is a punt adjacency?
A client can roam to any WLC as long as it stays in a mobility group
Yes
Only when a nonedge port transitions to forwarding
Packets must be sent to the L3 engine for further processing


21. How is the IPT 802.1 trunk negotiated?
16 - of which up to 8 are active. The others are in standby
26-byte header - 4-byte trailer with CRC
Automatically using DTP and CDP
1-enable AAA on switch - 2-define RADIUS servers - 3-define authentication method - 4-enable 802.1x on switch - 5-conf. 802.1x ports - 6-allow hosts


22. What is the adjacency table?
To the virtual port-channel interface
Almost eliminates listening and learning states for single hosts on an access link
A router keeps a routing table and an ARP table. The FIB combines them for every next-hop entry
Only for trusted Cisco gear - especially phones


23. What are the 5 steps to manualy configure STP?
A group of wireless devices that share a common SSID
1-ID link path costs - 2-ID roodt bridge - 3-select root port (1/switch) - 4-select designated port (1/segment) - 5-ID blocking port
224.0.0.2 (all routers)
The MST instance (MSTI) runs alongside the IST and represents an STP instance


24. What is NSF?
A point to point port type
Nonstop forwarding is an interactive method focusing on rebuilding the RIB after SUP switchover
MAC addresses are learned from the source MAC of incoming frames. If the destination address is unknown - the frame is flooded out all except the receiving port.
2 strand MMF with MT-RJ or SC connectors


25. What is a BSS?
Using a single WAP to centralize access and control over a group of wireless devices.
Globally or per-port
Yes
L2


26. What is RTP?
1 second. Backup routers can learn the interval from the master
Group (0-255) - priority (1-254 254 is highest - 100 default)
Used to switch packets destined for the null interface
Real-time Transport Protocol


27. RSTP point to point port
Limits the number if dhcp requests on a port
0-255
Port that connects to another switch and becomes a designated port
802.1x with EAP over LAN (EAPOL)


28. Can ARP replies be checked
The number of STP instances needed ot support the desired topologies and whether to map a set of VLANs to each instance
Yes
Cisco ILP and 802.3af
Port stays up - but packets from violating MACs are dropped. Switch logs violating packets


29. What is route caching?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


30. How does PAgP form etherchannels?
Stateful switchover - redundant sup is fully booted and init'd. Both start and run config are synched as is L2 information - and switchinterfaces.
Only on ports that have same static VLANs or trunking. It also modifies parameters of the channel if one of the ports is modified
It is enabled by default on all CEF capable switches
The switch adds its MAC to the option 82 field so that the DHCP reply echoes back the switch's own information


31. What is a cell?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


32. How can you load-balance with HSRP?
0-255
Create 2 hsrp groups - each with the active router being different switches - then have clients point to each
Switches make an effort to move packets as quickly as possible
Auto mode


33. What is the default mode of load balancing?
Needs hardware upgrade over WEP - uses AES encryption
Src-dst-ip
Real-time functions such as beacons and probes - encryption and interactions with the client at L2
Causes switch to actively determine whether alternative paths exist to root bridge in case ther eis an indirect failure


34. What is best effort delivery QOS?
Globally
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol - pretty much the same as HSRP
The port asks the other end to trunk
Switches make an effort to move packets as quickly as possible


35. What is DSCP codepoint AF31(26)?
Half because transmitting and receiving stations use the same frequency
Flash (class 3)
Allows devices to interoperate with PVST and CST. Can use both dot1q and ISL
Roughly 50%


36. At what layer does EAPOL run?
2 - one for control messages and one for data
Port with best root path cost on segment
L2
Flash (class 3)


37. What are the 3 unlicensed frequencies?
When a wireless station transmits a frame - the receiving one must send an ack
Another router must have a higher HSRP priority and have preemt set up
On ports where you never expect to find a root bridge for a VLAN
900 MHz - 2.4Ghz - and 5-6GHz


38. What contains the next-hop entries?
When a port moves into forwarding or from fowarding or learning to blocking.
FIB
Roughly 2000
Flash (class 3)


39. What is the STP learning state?
On ports where you never expect to find a root bridge for a VLAN
On all switches in network to enable RLQ request and reply
After forwarding delay - port can learn new MAC addresses
Tracks of BDPUs on nondesignated ports. When those BDPUs stop coming - the port is put into loop-inconsistent state and blocks


40. What is unique about HSRP group numbers?
Both ends should be on because on modes doesn't send PAgP or LACP packets
They are locally significant on an interface. HSRP1 on one VLAN is different from HSRP1 on another
The port will operate under 802.1D rules. If they are received on the same port - it will run 802.1D until the migration delay expires
FE and GE


41. What is UDLD aggressive mode?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


42. what must be done on an SVI before it is activated?
No shut
Trunk
A TCN BDPU is sent out of the switch's root port. The switch will continue sending TCN's every hello interval until ack'd by upstream neighbor. The root bridge will send a Config BDPU to all switches
Via an 802.1Q trunk or a single VLAN access port


43. How do you configure DAI for statically configured IP addresses?
By an ARP access list that defines the permitted bindings
Switching Database Manager - configures and prunes TCAM partitions
1 second. Backup routers can learn the interval from the master
By using an Ether-IP tunnel


44. What types of link can an etherchannel be?
300 sec
Access or trunk
1-ID link path costs - 2-ID roodt bridge - 3-select root port (1/switch) - 4-select designated port (1/segment) - 5-ID blocking port
Admin down


45. RSTP backup port
Low cost - high density ports - multiple scalable uplinks - vlans - traffic and protocol filtering and QoS
Port with redundant - but less deisrable connection to a segment. Possibly root candidate
On ports where you never expect to find a root bridge for a VLAN
Nonstop forwarding is an interactive method focusing on rebuilding the RIB after SUP switchover


46. Where does layer switching occur?
The point at which a switch decides to trust incoming Qos. Usually at boundary with ISP
224.0.0.2 (all routers)
Compatible with 802.11b - up to 54Mbps in 12 data rates - 3 channels - 2.4Ghz
Between any type of interface as long as the interface can have an L3 address assigned


47. How does a DHCP server send WLC addresses?
LWAPP (Cisco proprietary) and CAP-WAP (standards based)
Option 43
Group (0-1023) priority (1-255 higher better def 100)
No


48. What is latency?
If a unidirectional link is detected - the port continues normally - but the port is marked as undetermined and a syslog is generated
It updates the L2 headers with the proper src and dst MAC - L3 TTL - L3 checksum - and L2 checksum information
The total delay from start to finish
FIB


49. what I s distributed CEF (dCEF)?
Switchpotrt nonegotiate
Group (0-1023) priority (1-255 higher better def 100)
Real-time Transport Protocol
CEF is distributed completely among multiple L3 forwarding engines.


50. How does L3 QOS classification happen?
No
Globally or per-port
The TOS field in the header is used. 2 methods 3 bits or 6 bits
All ports where root isn't expected