Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Where shoul dmultilayer switches be implemented?
MST attributes must be manually entereed on each switch in the region. They don' t propagate like VTP.
Embeds the tag within the frame
Hosts associated with a secondary VLAN can communicate with ports on the primary but not with another secondary VLAN
Distribution layer


2. How is the IPT 802.1 trunk negotiated?
Checks the source MAC in the header against the sender MAC in the ARP reply
Root - designated - alternate - and backup
From the DHCP snooping database or from static entries
Automatically using DTP and CDP


3. How can you tell if a switch block is too large?
300 sec
Yes
Routers at the distribution layer become the bottlenecks or broadcast or multicast traffic slows the switches in the switch block
1-enable AAA on switch - 2-define RADIUS servers - 3-define authentication method - 4-enable 802.1x on switch - 5-conf. 802.1x ports - 6-allow hosts


4. what I s distributed CEF (dCEF)?
Multicast to 01-80-c2-00-00-00
The port asks the other end to trunk
It can't
CEF is distributed completely among multiple L3 forwarding engines.


5. What is the distribution layer best practice?
5 classes with 3 drop precedences
Each peer sends and receives hellos. Def hello is 3 sec - def hold is 10 sec
MST attributes must be manually entereed on each switch in the region. They don' t propagate like VTP.
The distribution layer should have only L3 links


6. FE connectors use...
Controls where candidate root bridges can be connected and found on a network
2 strand MMF with MT-RJ or SC connectors
The ASIC
Configure the timer on the AVG and let it propagate


7. How many links can be used in an EtherChannel?
The standby becomes active and stays active by default. Preemption can be configured
The campus network's backbone
2-8 FE - GE - or 10GE are bundled.
When the size of a cell is intentionally reduced


8. What scope is 802.1x enabled?
Globally
Untrusted
It updates the L2 headers with the proper src and dst MAC - L3 TTL - L3 checksum - and L2 checksum information
Configure non-silent submode


9. RSTP BPDU structure
Some unused bits are used to allow a port to identify its role and state. Also the BDPUs state that they are V2 BDPUs
SC fiber or RJ-45
Globally
Plain text or md5


10. What is RTP?
Every hello interval regardless of whether BDPUs are received from root - allowing any switch to take an active role maintaining the topology
Collision domain
That they aren't using the same frequencies.
Real-time Transport Protocol


11. How does VRRP do tracking?

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12. How often are HSRP hellos sent?
If a unidirectional link is detected - the switch doesn't try to reestablish the link. ULD msgs are sent once/sec for 8 seconds - then the port is err-disabled
3 seconds. Holdtime =3 hellos + 1
BGP - EIGRP - OSPF - and IS-IS.
Checks the source MAC in the header against the sender MAC in the ARP reply


13. What is the acceptible range of VLANS?
Auto mode
L2
Root - designated - blocking - alternate - forwarding (host)
1-1005 (1 and 1002-1005 are reserved)


14. How many potential links can LACP define?
With portfast
No shut
16 - of which up to 8 are active. The others are in standby
If three are missed in a row - the neighbor is considered down and the data for that neighbor is aged


15. How is DHCP snooping enabled (scope)?
Globally
Causes switch to actively determine whether alternative paths exist to root bridge in case ther eis an indirect failure
On ports where you never expect to find a root bridge for a VLAN
Etherchannel ports have inconsistent config


16. What is the GLBP AVG?
Gateway load balancing protocol - cisco proprietary
Can hear only BDPUs
2-8 FE - GE - or 10GE are bundled.
One router is the active virtual gateway - has highest priority or IP in group - answers all ARP requests and gives MAC based on load balancing


17. How do you configure IP source guard for hosts that don't use DHCP?
Discarding - learning - forwarding
It can't
By creating a static IP binding
Packets must be sent to the L3 engine for further processing


18. What does the src-mac option do when checking ARP replies
134 bits
4
Checks the source MAC in the header against the sender MAC in the ARP reply
It can't


19. What is DSCP?
1-enable AAA on switch - 2-define RADIUS servers - 3-define authentication method - 4-enable 802.1x on switch - 5-conf. 802.1x ports - 6-allow hosts
On (all ports channel) - auto (channels when asked) - and desirable(actively asks to form a channel)
Differentiated services code point
They must be carried over a voice VLAN (VVID) or over a regular data VLAN (ie. The native VLAN or the PVID)


20. What is RPVST+?
It updates the L2 headers with the proper src and dst MAC - L3 TTL - L3 checksum - and L2 checksum information
By short-circuiting the max age timer
Create 2 hsrp groups - each with the active router being different switches - then have clients point to each
An instance of RSTP running for each VLAN on the switch. Changing from PVST to RPVST+ is disruptive


21. WEP encryption
Only when a nonedge port transitions to forwarding
1 -2 -5.5 and 11 Mbps - Channels 1/6/11 - 2.4Ghz
Routers are assigned to common GLBP group. All routers can be active and can load balance
Weak key rotation


22. How does HSRP gateway addressing work
Trunk - dynamic auto - dynamic desireable (default)
It is enabled by default on all CEF capable switches
Each physical interface has a different IP address. All physical interfaces point to a virtual interface called the standby address or VIP
MAC addresses are learned from the source MAC of incoming frames. If the destination address is unknown - the frame is flooded out all except the receiving port.


23. can root guard and udld be used together?
Yes
Trusted or untrusted
Local only
The station must wait until the frame in progress has completed - then wait a random amount of time before transmitting


24. How should the switch port to which a LAP be configured?
Half-duplex
Incoming frames dropped - but MACs learned
Access
Limits the number if dhcp requests on a port


25. RSTP forwarding state
Switched Virtual Interface - an L3 address can be assigned to a logical interface that represents an entire VLAN - which becomes the DGW for that VLAN
Each frame transmits its expected duration time
Full duplex
Frames are forwarded


26. What is BDPU Guard?
All L2 connectivity should be contained within the access layer.
1 per segment
If any BDUP is received on a port - it puts the port into the errdisable state
1- root bridge is elected - 2-the state of eery switch port in the STP domain must be brought from blocking state to the appropriate state


27. RSTP point to point port
LWAPP (Cisco proprietary) and CAP-WAP (standards based)
The L3 forwarding engine can't forward the packet in hardware because there is no L2 next-hop address - so the packet is sent to the L3 engine to generate the ARP response
SC fiber or RJ-45
Port that connects to another switch and becomes a designated port


28. What is common spanning tree (CST)?
Matching SSID - compatible data rate - authentication credentials
A TCN BDPU is sent out of the switch's root port. The switch will continue sending TCN's every hello interval until ack'd by upstream neighbor. The root bridge will send a Config BDPU to all switches
Single instance of STP for all VLANs. BDPUs are sent over trunks using the native VLAN with untagged frames. Dot1q based
Src-ip - dst-ip - src-dst-ip - src-mac - dst-mac - src-dst-mac - src-port - dst-port - src-dst-port


29. What are the steps to configure a LACP port channel?
1-(opt) set system priority - 2-select interface(s) - 3-assign the protocol - 4-set the mode - 5-(opt) set the port priority
No
Silent
On root - because the root bridge propagates timers with config BDPU


30. How does RSTP converge?
0-65535 (def 32768) lower=better
1 to 64
A private VLAN can be logically associated with a special secondary vlan
If a proposal is received - the recipient isolates - all nonedge ports blocked until proposal sent causing neighbors to synch - which propagates out in waves


31. What is the RSTP default hello interval?
5 (0-4 with 4 being the highest)
An L2 switch can only forward frames best effort unless going across a trunk
2 seconds
Yes


32. What is the DIFS?
The DCF interframe space- the random backoff time before a wireless set can transmit
They should be an unconditional Etherchannel because the WLC can't negotiate a channel.
Matching SSID - compatible data rate - authentication credentials
Sets the switchport mode to access - enables portfast - and turns off channel grouping for the port


33. What is a topology change?
If three are missed in a row - the neighbor is considered down and the data for that neighbor is aged
When a port moves into forwarding or from fowarding or learning to blocking.
16 bits (8b port priority - 8b port number)
By using a trunk link


34. How is 802.1x configured for port security?
Port is forced to never authorize any connected client
Distribution layer
RADIUS
The DCF interframe space- the random backoff time before a wireless set can transmit


35. What duplex setting does 802.11 use and why?
Half because transmitting and receiving stations use the same frequency
1-LAP gets a DHCP address - 2-LAP learns IP of available WLC - 3-LAP sends a join request to WLC and receives join reply - 4-WLC sends code image - if necessary - 5-Tunnels are created
0-255
The number of times the entry has been updated since the table was generated


36. What are the 3 redundant supervisor modes?
Aggregation - high L3 throughput - security and policy based connectivity functions through access lists and packet filters - QoS - scalable high-speed links
Isl - dot1q - negotiate (default)
RPR - RPR+ - and SSO
Using digital certificates


37. What are the 3 RSTP port types?
1-65535 (def 32768) lower priority - higher probability
A single broadcast domain
No because they only participate if asked
Edge - root - and point to point


38. Which ports should you consider trusted for DAI?
Checks the destination MAC in the header against the target MAC in the ARP reply
2 strand MMF with MT-RJ or SC connectors
0000.5e00.01xx
Those that connect to other switches


39. What must you be sure of if AP cells overlap?

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40. What are the characteristics of the distribution layer?
Aggregation - high L3 throughput - security and policy based connectivity functions through access lists and packet filters - QoS - scalable high-speed links
Matching SSID - compatible data rate - authentication credentials
Hosts associated with a secondary VLAN can communicate with ports on the primary but not with another secondary VLAN
1500B


41. What is a drop adjacency?

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42. How does DSCP handle IP precedence?
Sends special layer 2 UDLD frames and expects an echo. Both ends must be configured for UDLD
16 - of which up to 8 are active. The others are in standby
Can send and receive BDPUs
5 classes with 3 drop precedences


43. What is the IEEE standard for STP?
Can send and receive BDPUs
802.1D
It is enabled by default on all CEF capable switches
Makes use of the DHCP snooping database and static ip source binding entries. If enabled - switch will test addresses


44. What is differentiated services model QOS?
Root - designated - blocking - alternate - forwarding (host)
Sends special layer 2 UDLD frames and expects an echo. Both ends must be configured for UDLD
Each network device handles packets individually with no advance reservations
Connects to a host on an isolated or community vlan. Communicates only with promiscuous port or ports on same community vlan


45. what do multilayer switches do?
During the time that the FIB entry is in CEF glean waiting for ARP entries - subsequent packet to that host are dropped to keep input queues from filling
Receives the first packet of a traffic flow and routes it
Both layer 2 switching and IVR
Matching SSID - compatible data rate - authentication credentials


46. What is a proxy arp?

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47. What does port-security protect do?
Distribution layer
Port stays up - packets from violating MACs dropped - no logging
Manually
Trunk


48. What does the minimum keyword do in HSRP?
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol - pretty much the same as HSRP
Best effort delivery - integrated services model - and differentiated services model
Forces the router to wait for a period of time before attempting overthrow
Arp for local subnet - if on different subnet - will arp for dgw


49. What is RPR+?

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50. When looking at the sh spanning tree output - What does P2P peer(STP) denote?
Round robin - weighted - or host-dependent
Flash override (class 4)
A point to point port type but the neighboring device runs traditional 802.1D STP
TCAM