Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. For QoS - switch uplinks should always be considered as ____ _____?
Determines when the AVG will stop using the old VMAC in ARP replies
The frame tag includes a 3 bit COS value from 0 (low) to 7 (high). Native vlans are untagged so no COS
Only for the offending VLAN on the port
Trusted ports


2. How does ISL handle COS?
Turn on port security
The frame tag contains a 3 but portion tagged from 0 (low) to 7 (high)
No shut
Multicast to 01-80-c2-00-00-00


3. What format does the GLBP MAC use?
The switch checks the MAC and IP reported in the reply against trusted values. If they don't match - it is dropped and logged
0007.b4xx.xxyy where xx.xx is six 0 bits followed by a 10-bit GLBP group numberr. Yyyy is the virtual forwarder number
Reboots and searches for a new WLC
Value - mask - and result (VMR) combinations


4. What are the characteristics of the core layer
Port stays up - but packets from violating MACs are dropped. Switch logs violating packets
Promiscuous and host
Use sh interface on the interface and look for error counts > 10
Very high L3 throughput - no access lists or port filtering - redundancy and resilience - advanced QoS


5. What is the core block?

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6. How does PAgP form etherchannels?
Only on ports that have same static VLANs or trunking. It also modifies parameters of the channel if one of the ports is modified
Frames are forwarded
Each frame transmits its expected duration time
Stateful switchover - redundant sup is fully booted and init'd. Both start and run config are synched as is L2 information - and switchinterfaces.


7. What are the characteristics of the distribution layer?
Aggregation - high L3 throughput - security and policy based connectivity functions through access lists and packet filters - QoS - scalable high-speed links
By an ARP access list that defines the permitted bindings
5 classes with 3 drop precedences
To a VLAN and not to a VLAN interface (SVI)


8. What is layer 3 roaming?
The number of times the CEF table has bee flushed and regenerated as a whole
A path is pre-arranged for priority along the complete path from source to destination using the RSVP protocol.
When a client roams between Aps in different subnets
Option 43


9. if the switchport is part of an etherchannel - Where is the network assigned
Very high L3 throughput - no access lists or port filtering - redundancy and resilience - advanced QoS
To the virtual port-channel interface
The DCF interframe space- the random backoff time before a wireless set can transmit
Almost eliminates listening and learning states for single hosts on an access link


10. What is the PVLAN promiscuous mode?
Switch(config-if)# vrrp xx where xx= group number
Connects to a router - firewall - or gateway. Can communicate with anything else connected to the primary or any secondary. Ignores pvlan config
Single instance of STP for all VLANs. BDPUs are sent over trunks using the native VLAN with untagged frames. Dot1q based
Isolated and community


11. What is dynamic desireable?
Hashing algorithm
The port asks the other end to trunk
Src-ip - dst-ip - src-dst-ip - src-mac - dst-mac - src-dst-mac - src-port - dst-port - src-dst-port
Globally


12. What is a wireless mobility group?
Missed beacons - dropped packets (max retry) - weak signal (data rate switches down) - an AP periodicallytries to find a stronger signal
A client can roam to any WLC as long as it stays in a mobility group
The distribution layer should have only L3 links
A path is pre-arranged for priority along the complete path from source to destination using the RSVP protocol.


13. What functions does a LAP perform?
Real-time functions such as beacons and probes - encryption and interactions with the client at L2
Dynamic arp inspection
Port with best root path cost on segment
The frame tag includes a 3 bit COS value from 0 (low) to 7 (high). Native vlans are untagged so no COS


14. What is the switch block?
Data and voice over native vlan - no QOS but still uses 802.1p trunk
Only on ports that have same static VLANs or trunking. It also modifies parameters of the channel if one of the ports is modified
Two distribution switches that aggregate one or more access switches
Src-ip - dst-ip - src-dst-ip - src-mac - dst-mac - src-dst-mac - src-port - dst-port - src-dst-port


15. What is the GLBP redirect timer?
It can't
Sends special layer 2 UDLD frames and expects an echo. Both ends must be configured for UDLD
1 second. Backup routers can learn the interval from the master
Determines when the AVG will stop using the old VMAC in ARP replies


16. What is a service set?
300 sec by default
A group of wireless devices that share a common SSID
By sending a gratuitous ARP
2 strand MMF with MT-RJ or SC connectors


17. How does every GLBP command begin
Another router must have a higher HSRP priority and have preemt set up
LWAPP (Cisco proprietary) and CAP-WAP (standards based)
Two distribution switches that aggregate one or more access switches
Switch(config-if)# glbp xx where xx = group number


18. How is the HSRP MAC address configured?
Automatically using DTP and CDP
1-enable AAA on switch - 2-define RADIUS servers - 3-define authentication method - 4-enable 802.1x on switch - 5-conf. 802.1x ports - 6-allow hosts
1-65535 (def 32768) lower priority - higher probability
0000.0c07.acxx where xx is the group number as a 2-digit hex value


19. How does uplinkfast handle changes in topology?
Data and voice over native vlan no QOS and no 802.1p trunk
1-1005 (1 and 1002-1005 are reserved)
Notifies upstream neighbors by sending multicasts on behalf of hosts at the interval of the max update rate parameter.
One router is the active virtual gateway - has highest priority or IP in group - answers all ARP requests and gives MAC based on load balancing


20. How many designated ports are there?
All L2 connectivity should be contained within the access layer.
Distributed coordinion function - the use of timers to prevent wireless collisions
1 per segment
Checks the source MAC in the header against the sender MAC in the ARP reply


21. What types of ports autonegotiate?
FE and GE
If a proposal is received - the recipient isolates - all nonedge ports blocked until proposal sent causing neighbors to synch - which propagates out in waves
Routers are assigned to common GLBP group. All routers can be active and can load balance
Data and voice over native vlan - no QOS but still uses 802.1p trunk


22. How does IPT behave when the voice VLAN is in dot1p mode?
Those that connect to other switches
FIB
Data goes over native vlan - voice goes over VLAN0 - voice QOS is 802.1p
With portfast


23. Does a WLC and a LAP need to be on the same subnet?
Used to switch packets that can't be forwarded normallly due to an encapsulation failure - unresolved address - unsupported protocol - etc.
PAgP (Cisco proprietary) and LACP (standards-based)
No
They must be carried over a voice VLAN (VVID) or over a regular data VLAN (ie. The native VLAN or the PVID)


24. How much BW does a PSTN connection use?
The station can transmit immediately and wait for an ack
Controls where candidate root bridges can be connected and found on a network
63 kbps
12 kbps with headers and compression


25. What happens when an ARP reply is received on an untrusted port?

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26. What routing protocols support NSF?
A group of wireless devices that share a common SSID
RADIUS
The topology is pre-populated by downloading the topology DB into the FIB and dynamically updated. Called Cisco Express Forwarding
BGP - EIGRP - OSPF - and IS-IS.


27. What is the STP forwarding state?
Incoming frames are dropped (combination of disabled - blocking - and listening)
Packets must be sent to the L3 engine for further processing
After another forwarding delay - the port can send and receive data frames - collect MAC addresses - and send and receove BDPUs
The port is forced to always authorize any connected client with no authentication necessary (default)


28. What does the rewrite engine do?
The frame tag includes a 3 bit COS value from 0 (low) to 7 (high). Native vlans are untagged so no COS
Switching Database Manager - configures and prunes TCAM partitions
0-255
It updates the L2 headers with the proper src and dst MAC - L3 TTL - L3 checksum - and L2 checksum information


29. What must the other end be set to if PAgP desirable or LACP active mode is selected?
No
Either desirable or auto mode
Between any type of interface as long as the interface can have an L3 address assigned
Route processor redundancy - redundant sup is partially booted and initialized and must reload module in the switch and init all sup functions


30. What is the default 802.3af power class and its use?

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31. What are the RSTP port states?
Sends special layer 2 UDLD frames and expects an echo. Both ends must be configured for UDLD
Receives the first packet of a traffic flow and routes it
Discarding - learning - forwarding
1-name the chain - 2-establish a key number - 3-create the key string - 4-apply the chain to the string


32. How does backbonefast determine whether alternative paths exist?
1- inferior BDPU on blocked-considered alternative - 2-inferior on root-all blocked ports considered alternate - 3-if inferior arrives on root and no blocked ports - assumes loss of connectivity to root
FE and GE
Once the CCM gives them the parameters - they use RTP
One that can be detected on a switch interface (ie. Up/down)


33. How do Cisco IP phones communicate with the CCM?
1-(opt) set system priority - 2-select interface(s) - 3-assign the protocol - 4-set the mode - 5-(opt) set the port priority
Can hear only BDPUs
With the skinny protocol
Global config (vlan - vtp mode - and vtp domain) and VLAN DB mode commands. Global config is preferred because VLAN DB mode commands are legacy


34. What does the static keyword do when applying an arp ACL?
Feature Manager - after the ACL is created - the FM compiles the ACEs into the table
19
Globally
Prevents the dhcp binding DB from being checked.


35. What scope is 802.1x enabled?
Globally
The station can transmit immediately and wait for an ack
By using a hash of a key string
They should be an unconditional Etherchannel because the WLC can't negotiate a channel.


36. How do you disable DTP when you configure both ends of the ISL manually?
By sending a gratuitous ARP
4
Port that connects to another switch and becomes a designated port
Switchpotrt nonegotiate


37. Where is the QoS trust boundary usually configured on an IP phone?
Full duplex
1- enable qos - 2-define qos parameters to be trusted - 3-make trust conditional - 4-instruct IP phone how to extnd boundary
Usually QoS from VOIP but not PC dataa
The station can transmit immediately and wait for an ack


38. How should UDLD be configured?
The configureable UDLD interval must be less than max age plus two intervals of forward delay
Some unused bits are used to allow a port to identify its role and state. Also the BDPUs state that they are V2 BDPUs
12 kbps with headers and compression
By configuring every switch port to have an expected and controlled behavior


39. What is a cell?

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40. What is an MST instance?
Critical...used most often for IPT
The MST instance (MSTI) runs alongside the IST and represents an STP instance
Collision domain
A packet can't be switched in hardware with the FIB and must go to the L3 engine


41. Can ARP replies be checked
Yes
1-65535 (def 32768) lower priority - higher probability
Automatically negotiates a common trunk mode between switches
Differentiated services code point


42. What is DSCP codepoint AF11(10)?
Yes
Switching Database Manager - configures and prunes TCAM partitions
Priority (class 1)
When a wireless station transmits a frame - the receiving one must send an ack


43. What are the two private vlan association modes?
After forwarding delay - port can learn new MAC addresses
All fiber-optic links between switches (must be enabled on both ends)
134 bits
Promiscuous and host


44. How does IPT behave when the voce VLAN is in the default none mode?
FE and GE
Variation in delay
Roughly 50%
Data and voice over native vlan no QOS and no 802.1p trunk


45. How does ILP do power discovery?
1-65535 (def 32768) lower priority - higher probability
By brining up a tunnel between them to carry 802.11 related messages and client data.
Used when there are 1 or more VLANs mapped to a single STP instance
Sends a test tone on the transmit pair. If a device is detected - CDP is used to narrow down the power class.


46. How many users should be within a switch block?
Used when ACLs specify port ranges...used by TCAM
When a specific interface is tracked - HSRP reduces it's priority after a specified interval.
Manually
Roughly 2000


47. Where is root guard enabled?

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48. what I s distributed CEF (dCEF)?
Any dhcp reply coming from an untrusted port is discarded and the offending port is put in errdisable
CEF is distributed completely among multiple L3 forwarding engines.
L2
Manually


49. How does NSF work?
Switch(config-if)# standby xx where x= group number
Gets assistance from other NSF-aware neighbors. NSF features need to be built into the routing protocols on router needing and providing assistance
After forwarding delay - port can learn new MAC addresses
0007.b4xx.xxyy where xx.xx is six 0 bits followed by a 10-bit GLBP group numberr. Yyyy is the virtual forwarder number


50. What does Root Guard do?
3 seconds. Holdtime =3 hellos + 1
The ASIC
Controls where candidate root bridges can be connected and found on a network
First configure a L3 interface in same VLAN as clients - then use the ip helper-address command to ID the DHCP server