Test your basic knowledge |

CCNP Switch Deck

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are the 3 RSTP port types?
Edge - root - and point to point
Transmits keystrokes from phone and commands from CCM
Only on ports that have same static VLANs or trunking. It also modifies parameters of the channel if one of the ports is modified
Controls where candidate root bridges can be connected and found on a network

2. What is the access layer best practice?
Sends special layer 2 UDLD frames and expects an echo. Both ends must be configured for UDLD
All L2 connectivity should be contained within the access layer.
Missed beacons - dropped packets (max retry) - weak signal (data rate switches down) - an AP periodicallytries to find a stronger signal
Both layer 2 switching and IVR

3. What are the characteristics of the distribution layer?
Aggregation - high L3 throughput - security and policy based connectivity functions through access lists and packet filters - QoS - scalable high-speed links
Sends a test tone on the transmit pair. If a device is detected - CDP is used to narrow down the power class.
1- enable qos - 2-define qos parameters to be trusted - 3-make trust conditional - 4-instruct IP phone how to extnd boundary
Real-time Transport Protocol

4. What is the default VTP state?
VTP server for domain null with no password or secure mode
All nondesignated ports - but ok for all ports
1-enable AAA on switch - 2-define RADIUS servers - 3-define authentication method - 4-enable 802.1x on switch - 5-conf. 802.1x ports - 6-allow hosts
Allows devices to interoperate with PVST and CST. Can use both dot1q and ISL

5. How do you configure a DHCP gateway?
By an ARP access list that defines the permitted bindings
First configure a L3 interface in same VLAN as clients - then use the ip helper-address command to ID the DHCP server
They must be carried over a voice VLAN (VVID) or over a regular data VLAN (ie. The native VLAN or the PVID)
Promiscuous and host

6. where does L2 switching occur?
Between interfaces that are assigned to L2 VLANs or L2 trunks
The time interval that a switch stores a DBPU before discarding it. Default 20 seconds
Port
Every hello interval regardless of whether BDPUs are received from root - allowing any switch to take an active role maintaining the topology

7. What are the 3 unlicensed frequencies?
900 MHz - 2.4Ghz - and 5-6GHz
Lowest cumulative cost to root
Frames that barely exceed 1518B or 1622B due to headers
Matching SSID - compatible data rate - authentication credentials

8. What is the core block?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

9. What is layer 2 roaming?
Traffic types and patterns - amount of L3 switching cap. At dist. Layer - # users at access layer - geography - size of spanning tree domains
Etherchannel ports have inconsistent config
MAC of the end device
If the client maintains the same IP address as it roams between Aps. All must have same VLAN - SSID - and subnet

10. How do you enable CEF?
19
It is enabled by default on all CEF capable switches
300 sec
1-lowest root bridge ID - 2-lowest root path cost - 3-lowest bridgeID - 4-lowest port ID

11. What is BDPU Guard?
TCAM
If any BDUP is received on a port - it puts the port into the errdisable state
Real-time Transport Protocol
Discarding - learning - forwarding

12. What is 802.1x auto?
Change in trunk encap
Per VLAN
The port uses 802.1x exchange to move from unauthorized to authorized. Requires app on client
The active router. All other routers are in backup state

13. What is the STP blocking state?
As a VLAN access map
The switch checks the MAC and IP reported in the reply against trusted values. If they don't match - it is dropped and logged
Can hear only BDPUs
Create 2 hsrp groups - each with the active router being different switches - then have clients point to each

14. When a host is connected to a switchport - why aren't frame errors propagated?
Because each frame is checked
The port uses 802.1x exchange to move from unauthorized to authorized. Requires app on client
Use sh interface on the interface and look for error counts > 10
A VLAN that spans the entire fabric

15. CAM table entries are purged when....
On all switches in network to enable RLQ request and reply
Configuration and TCN
A MAC is seen on a different port
80% of the user traffic should stay in the VLAN

16. RSTP edge port
That they aren't using the same frequencies.
Only a single host connects . If one BDPU is received - it is no longer an edge port
Up to 54Mbps - not cross-compatible - 12 to 23 clean channels - 5.8 Ghz
26-byte header - 4-byte trailer with CRC

17. How does loop guard block ports?
16 - of which up to 8 are active. The others are in standby
The number of times the CEF table has bee flushed and regenerated as a whole
Only for the offending VLAN on the port
Used when ACLs specify port ranges...used by TCAM

18. How does ISL do trunking?
Configure and enable DHCP snooping
Interim solution - uses same hardware as WEP - but uses TKIP encryption
By encapsulating each frame in a header and trailer
Makes use of the DHCP snooping database and static ip source binding entries. If enabled - switch will test addresses

19. Where is bdpu guard enabled?
All user ports that have portfast enabled
Yes
1-(opt) set system priority - 2-select interface(s) - 3-assign the protocol - 4-set the mode - 5-(opt) set the port priority
One router is the active virtual gateway - has highest priority or IP in group - answers all ARP requests and gives MAC based on load balancing

20. What does the version number indicate when looking at CEF entries?
The number of times the entry has been updated since the table was generated
Port with best root path cost
1 to 64
Connects to a host on an isolated or community vlan. Communicates only with promiscuous port or ports on same community vlan

21. How do you show HSRP status
Variation in delay
Distribution layer
Used when there are 1 or more VLANs mapped to a single STP instance
Show standby

22. How should the switch port to which a WLC be configured?
Between any type of interface as long as the interface can have an L3 address assigned
Every switch and router in a network must be configured with appropriate QoS features and policies
Trunk
An L2 switch can only forward frames best effort unless going across a trunk

23. What are the steps to configure a PAgP port channel?
Yes
All non-edge ports are discarding. After the root bridge is identified - the port with superior BDPU becomes root
LACP port priority
1-(opt) configure load balancing - 2-select the interface(s) - 3-assign the protocol - 4-select the mode and submode

24. How should the switch port to which a LAP be configured?
Access
They are locally significant on an interface. HSRP1 on one VLAN is different from HSRP1 on another
Full duplex
If a unidirectional link is detected - the switch doesn't try to reestablish the link. ULD msgs are sent once/sec for 8 seconds - then the port is err-disabled

25. What is a BSS?
1 to 64
Limits the number if dhcp requests on a port
Using a single WAP to centralize access and control over a group of wireless devices.
LACP port priority

26. How does L3 QOS classification happen?
Trunk
2-8 FE - GE - or 10GE are bundled.
It can't
The TOS field in the header is used. 2 methods 3 bits or 6 bits

27. How does HSRP gateway addressing work
No
The standby becomes active and stays active by default. Preemption can be configured
Each physical interface has a different IP address. All physical interfaces point to a virtual interface called the standby address or VIP
1 second. Backup routers can learn the interval from the master

28. What does MSTP consist of?
Silent
The DCF interframe space- the random backoff time before a wireless set can transmit
Root
Regions and instances

29. How is UDLD configured?
Needs hardware upgrade over WEP - uses AES encryption
Each physical interface has a different IP address. All physical interfaces point to a virtual interface called the standby address or VIP
Connects to a host on an isolated or community vlan. Communicates only with promiscuous port or ports on same community vlan
Per-port or globally for all fiber-optic ports. Can be enabled globally - but will only affect fiber ports

30. How far chould a VLAN extend?
1-lowest root bridge ID - 2-lowest root path cost - 3-lowest bridgeID - 4-lowest port ID
Switched Virtual Interface - an L3 address can be assigned to a logical interface that represents an entire VLAN - which becomes the DGW for that VLAN
The priority is a 2 byte value followed by the MAC that decides which ports are actively participating in Etherchannel (lower=higher priority)
Distribution layer

31. What are the three basic types of QOS?
Checks the destination MAC in the header against the target MAC in the ARP reply
Untrusted
Best effort delivery - integrated services model - and differentiated services model
Time between BDPUs sent by root bridge. Default of 2 seconds

32. How does the CEF L3 engine operate?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

33. RSTP backup port
Port with redundant - but less deisrable connection to a segment. Possibly root candidate
Trusted ports
Listens to the first packet going to router and away from the router. If it can switch in both directions - it learns a shortcut path so subsequent packets can be switched without the RP
Option 43

34. WPA2 encryption
1 per segment
Needs hardware upgrade over WEP - uses AES encryption
A client can roam to any WLC as long as it stays in a mobility group
The MST instance (MSTI) runs alongside the IST and represents an STP instance

35. FE connectors use...
Switch(config-if)# standby xx where x= group number
The number of times the CEF table has bee flushed and regenerated as a whole
2 strand MMF with MT-RJ or SC connectors
Globally

36. What is a null adjacency?
Used to switch packets destined for the null interface
Listens to the first packet going to router and away from the router. If it can switch in both directions - it learns a shortcut path so subsequent packets can be switched without the RP
Transmits keystrokes from phone and commands from CCM
2 seconds

37. How does IPT behave when the voice VLAN is in vlan-id mode?
Data goes over native vlan - voice goes over specified VLAN - voice QOS is 802.1p
During the time that the FIB entry is in CEF glean waiting for ARP entries - subsequent packet to that host are dropped to keep input queues from filling
The frame tag includes a 3 bit COS value from 0 (low) to 7 (high). Native vlans are untagged so no COS
Host Standby Router protocol. Cisco proprietary. Switch is either active - standby - or listen

38. How is an RSTP edge port configured
Untrusted
By short-circuiting the max age timer
With portfast
Once the CCM gives them the parameters - they use RTP

39. What is a VRRP group?
The same as a standby group in HSRP
If a unidirectional link is detected - the switch doesn't try to reestablish the link. ULD msgs are sent once/sec for 8 seconds - then the port is err-disabled
63 kbps
Feature Manager - after the ACL is created - the FM compiles the ACEs into the table

40. What functions does a WLC perform?
The time interval that a switch stores a DBPU before discarding it. Default 20 seconds
Yes
PAgP (Cisco proprietary) and LACP (standards-based)
Control functions

41. What is the size of a TCAM value?
The configureable UDLD interval must be less than max age plus two intervals of forward delay
The number of times the CEF table has bee flushed and regenerated as a whole
Port with alternative path to root less desirable than root
134 bits - consisting of source and destination addresses and protocol information from the packet or frame

42. How does a Cisco IP phone connect upstream?
Untrusted
Via an 802.1Q trunk or a single VLAN access port
1 -2 -5.5 and 11 Mbps - Channels 1/6/11 - 2.4Ghz
1-name the chain - 2-establish a key number - 3-create the key string - 4-apply the chain to the string

43. What is GLBP weight?
1-1005 (1 and 1002-1005 are reserved)
A host port goes up or down
By default weight is 100. Can be made dynamic per interface
Trusted ports

44. What is RPVST+?
Roughly 2000
Show standby
An instance of RSTP running for each VLAN on the switch. Changing from PVST to RPVST+ is disruptive
Switch(config-if)# glbp xx where xx = group number

45. What is an autonomous mode AP?
After another forwarding delay - the port can send and receive data frames - collect MAC addresses - and send and receove BDPUs
When each AP stands alone within the larger network.
The station must wait until the frame in progress has completed - then wait a random amount of time before transmitting
Real-time functions such as beacons and probes - encryption and interactions with the client at L2

46. What is the RSTP default hello interval?
By creating a static IP binding
2 seconds
The station can transmit immediately and wait for an ack
Hosts within a secondary can communicate with each other and with the primary - but not with another secondary vlan

47. What is DSCP?
Single instance of STP for all VLANs. BDPUs are sent over trunks using the native VLAN with untagged frames. Dot1q based
Differentiated services code point
CEF is distributed across multiple L3 forwarding engines - typically on Catalyst 6500 line cards each having only a subset
Two distribution switches that aggregate one or more access switches

48. How does HSRP port tracking work?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

49. What does the switchport host macro do?
SC fiber or RJ-45
An ac adaptor that plugs into a wall outlet.
By using a trunk link
Enables portfast - sets the port to access and disables PAgP

50. How many 802.3af power classes are there?
FE - GE - and aggregated FE/GE Etherchannels
CEF is distributed completely among multiple L3 forwarding engines.
5 (0-4 with 4 being the highest)
1 second. Backup routers can learn the interval from the master