Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How do you configure IP source guard for hosts that don't use DHCP?
Admin down
By creating a static IP binding
1-(opt) configure load balancing - 2-select the interface(s) - 3-assign the protocol - 4-select the mode and submode
1 to 64


2. How does a WLC hand off a client's association to another WLC?
Using a mobility exchange message
4
On ports where you never expect to find a root bridge for a VLAN
RADIUS


3. What are the characteristics of the access layer?
Based on priority (0-255). Default is 100. Highest IP is tie breaker
Low cost - high density ports - multiple scalable uplinks - vlans - traffic and protocol filtering and QoS
When a wireless station transmits a frame - the receiving one must send an ack
With portfast


4. How does uplinkfast handle changes in topology?
Can hear only BDPUs
0-255
Notifies upstream neighbors by sending multicasts on behalf of hosts at the interval of the max update rate parameter.
Must be same type - speed - VLAN(s) - native vlan - pass the same set of vlans -duplex - and spanning tree settings


5. How does the VRRP master router handle the VIP?
Multicast to 01-80-c2-00-00-00
The master router can share the VIP
By using a hash of a key string
Per-port or globally for all fiber-optic ports. Can be enabled globally - but will only affect fiber ports


6. What is RPVST+?
Every switch and router in a network must be configured with appropriate QoS features and policies
Yes
5 classes with 3 drop precedences
An instance of RSTP running for each VLAN on the switch. Changing from PVST to RPVST+ is disruptive


7. How does adding option-82 to DHCP snooping affect things?

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8. How does VRRP do tracking?

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9. How do you disable DTP when you configure both ends of the ISL manually?
Real-time functions such as beacons and probes - encryption and interactions with the client at L2
Switchpotrt nonegotiate
Sets the switchport mode to access - enables portfast - and turns off channel grouping for the port
Will trunk if asked


10. How does packet forwarding work
4
Data goes over native vlan - voice goes over specified VLAN - voice QOS is 802.1p
Arp for local subnet - if on different subnet - will arp for dgw
If three are missed in a row - the neighbor is considered down and the data for that neighbor is aged


11. What does the switchport host macro do?
Enables portfast - sets the port to access and disables PAgP
19
802.1x with EAP over LAN (EAPOL)
Port with best root path cost on segment


12. What is a CEF glean?

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13. What is the duration time in a wireless frame?
When a client roams between Aps in different subnets
1 second. Backup routers can learn the interval from the master
Arp for local subnet - if on different subnet - will arp for dgw
Each frame transmits its expected duration time


14. What is RPR+?

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15. Define GLBP
Gateway load balancing protocol - cisco proprietary
Reboots and searches for a new WLC
L2
Hold time is 3xhello. A skew time of 256ms-routerpriority)/256ms is added


16. How do you implement MST?

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17. What does the skinny protocol do?
Transmits keystrokes from phone and commands from CCM
The port is forced to always authorize any connected client with no authentication necessary (default)
Each frame transmits its expected duration time
Sends a test tone on the transmit pair. If a device is detected - CDP is used to narrow down the power class.


18. RSTP root port
Determines when the AVG will stop using the old VMAC in ARP replies
Notifies upstream neighbors by sending multicasts on behalf of hosts at the interval of the max update rate parameter.
FIB
Port with best root path cost


19. What is the GLBP group and priority range
Local only
The master router can share the VIP
Group (0-1023) priority (1-255 higher better def 100)
Switch(config-if)# vrrp xx where xx= group number


20. How often are BDPUs sent?
1-LAP gets a DHCP address - 2-LAP learns IP of available WLC - 3-LAP sends a join request to WLC and receives join reply - 4-WLC sends code image - if necessary - 5-Tunnels are created
Stateful switchover - redundant sup is fully booted and init'd. Both start and run config are synched as is L2 information - and switchinterfaces.
2 seconds (def)
The standby becomes active and stays active by default. Preemption can be configured


21. What are spoofed addresses?
Regions and instances
SC fiber or RJ-45
63 kbps
They disguise the origin of an attack


22. What is a service set?
80% of the user traffic should stay in the VLAN
The master router can share the VIP
Lowest cumulative cost to root
A group of wireless devices that share a common SSID


23. What are the 2 choices for VLANs with IPT?
Effectively stops STP on filtered ports
They must be carried over a voice VLAN (VVID) or over a regular data VLAN (ie. The native VLAN or the PVID)
MST attributes must be manually entereed on each switch in the region. They don' t propagate like VTP.
1- inferior BDPU on blocked-considered alternative - 2-inferior on root-all blocked ports considered alternate - 3-if inferior arrives on root and no blocked ports - assumes loss of connectivity to root


24. What duplex setting does 802.11 use and why?
The RP listens to a flow's 1st packet for the dest. The SE listens to the packet and dest and puts a shortcut in the MSL cache. Netflow switching - route once - switch many
Differentiated services
802.1D
Half because transmitting and receiving stations use the same frequency


25. When are RSTP bdpus sent?
Every hello interval regardless of whether BDPUs are received from root - allowing any switch to take an active role maintaining the topology
Only a single host connects . If one BDPU is received - it is no longer an edge port
Etherchannel ports have inconsistent config
A MAC is seen on a different port


26. What is GLBP weight?
Should be used on access switches - can't be used on root - keeps enabled switch from becoming root by raising priority of switch and all ports - making them undesirable
5 (0-4 with 4 being the highest)
By default weight is 100. Can be made dynamic per interface
Cisco proprietary. 1 instance of STP/VLAN. Requires ISL instead of dot1q


27. What is a community secondary VLAN?
The priority is a 2 byte value followed by the MAC that decides which ports are actively participating in Etherchannel (lower=higher priority)
Sends a test tone on the transmit pair. If a device is detected - CDP is used to narrow down the power class.
Hosts within a secondary can communicate with each other and with the primary - but not with another secondary vlan
A host port goes up or down


28. What is a root link query (RLQ)?
7 switches from root bridge
Can hear only BDPUs
Backbonefast uses RLQ to determine if upstream switches have stable connections to root bridge
Collision domain


29. How is a QoS trust bondary configured?
2-8 FE - GE - or 10GE are bundled.
Every switch and router in a network must be configured with appropriate QoS features and policies
After another forwarding delay - the port can send and receive data frames - collect MAC addresses - and send and receove BDPUs
The frame tag includes a 3 bit COS value from 0 (low) to 7 (high). Native vlans are untagged so no COS


30. How do you configure LACP standby links?
The station can transmit immediately and wait for an ack
Port with best root path cost
LACP port priority
The point at which a switch decides to trust incoming Qos. Usually at boundary with ISP


31. What does Root Guard do?
Switch(config-if)# vrrp xx where xx= group number
The port is forced to always authorize any connected client with no authentication necessary (default)
Controls where candidate root bridges can be connected and found on a network
Data and voice over native vlan - no QOS but still uses 802.1p trunk


32. What are the RSTP port states?
Routers at the distribution layer become the bottlenecks or broadcast or multicast traffic slows the switches in the switch block
The topology is pre-populated by downloading the topology DB into the FIB and dynamically updated. Called Cisco Express Forwarding
Discarding - learning - forwarding
Interim solution - uses same hardware as WEP - but uses TKIP encryption


33. How far chould a VLAN extend?
The port uses 802.1x exchange to move from unauthorized to authorized. Requires app on client
It's a router that maintains routes (static or dynamic) - and populates the FIB
Distribution layer
Controls where candidate root bridges can be connected and found on a network


34. What is differentiated services model QOS?
When each AP stands alone within the larger network.
Sends a voltage across the receive pairs to detect a 25k ohm resistance
1- enable MST - 2-enter MST config mode - 3-assign region name and region configuration rev - 4-map vlans to an MSTI - 5-show pending changes - 6- commit by exiting
Each network device handles packets individually with no advance reservations


35. WEP encryption
Weak key rotation
A MAC is seen on a different port
802.1w
Every switch and router in a network must be configured with appropriate QoS features and policies


36. How are multiple VLANs mapped to multiple SSIDs?
Yes
VTP server for domain null with no password or secure mode
PAgP (Cisco proprietary) and LACP (standards-based)
By using a trunk link


37. On what scope is DAI enabled?
Per VLAN
1-LAP gets a DHCP address - 2-LAP learns IP of available WLC - 3-LAP sends a join request to WLC and receives join reply - 4-WLC sends code image - if necessary - 5-Tunnels are created
5 classes with 3 drop precedences
On the left as you face the connector


38. RSTP uses which standard?
Source IP and MAC must match those addresses learned by DHCP snooping or a static entry
Trusted or untrusted
802.1w
Globally


39. RSTP edge port
Only a single host connects . If one BDPU is received - it is no longer an edge port
Protects STP when a physical malfunction only allows traffic in 1 direction - even though the link shows as up (cisco proprietary)
Automatically by duplex mode in use. Full duplex are point ot point. Half duplex ports use traditional 802.1D convergence is used.
Variation in delay


40. How does an LAP bind with a WLC?
All user ports that have portfast enabled
When the size of a cell is intentionally reduced
By brining up a tunnel between them to carry 802.11 related messages and client data.
For hosts that doesn't understand routing - the DGW is configured to reply with its own mac


41. What does the rewrite engine do?
An ac adaptor that plugs into a wall outlet.
It updates the L2 headers with the proper src and dst MAC - L3 TTL - L3 checksum - and L2 checksum information
If the switch or the powered device doesn't suport power class discovery
Port with best root path cost on segment


42. What is the default VTP state?
900 MHz - 2.4Ghz - and 5-6GHz
Source IP - dest IP - combination of source and dest IP - source and dest MAC - or TCP/UDP port numbers
By encapsulating each frame in a header and trailer
VTP server for domain null with no password or secure mode


43. 802.11a
2 - one for control messages and one for data
FE - GE - and aggregated FE/GE Etherchannels
Up to 54Mbps - not cross-compatible - 12 to 23 clean channels - 5.8 Ghz
Effectively stops STP on filtered ports


44. How is Root Guard used?
Data goes over native vlan - voice goes over specified VLAN - voice QOS is 802.1p
Access or trunk
On ports where you never expect to find a root bridge for a VLAN
Prevents the dhcp binding DB from being checked.


45. EAP encryption
The port is forced to always authorize any connected client with no authentication necessary (default)
Dynamic WEP keys that change periodically
Missed beacons - dropped packets (max retry) - weak signal (data rate switches down) - an AP periodicallytries to find a stronger signal
Full duplex


46. What is the default 10mbps Enet duplex?
Half-duplex
Traffic types and patterns - amount of L3 switching cap. At dist. Layer - # users at access layer - geography - size of spanning tree domains
12 kbps with headers and compression
Connects to a host on an isolated or community vlan. Communicates only with promiscuous port or ports on same community vlan


47. How many users should be within a switch block?
Set the native VLAN of a trunk to a bogus or unused VLAN ID then prune the native VLAN off both ends of the trunk
They must be carried over a voice VLAN (VVID) or over a regular data VLAN (ie. The native VLAN or the PVID)
Switching Database Manager - configures and prunes TCAM partitions
Roughly 2000


48. CAM table entries are purged when....
By using a hash of a key string
A MAC is seen on a different port
1 -2 -5.5 and 11 Mbps - Channels 1/6/11 - 2.4Ghz
Variation in delay


49. How doed backbonefast work?
By short-circuiting the max age timer
Can send and receive BDPUs
The DCF interframe space- the random backoff time before a wireless set can transmit
Time between BDPUs sent by root bridge. Default of 2 seconds


50. What do you need to determine to use MSTP?
The station must wait until the frame in progress has completed - then wait a random amount of time before transmitting
The number of STP instances needed ot support the desired topologies and whether to map a set of VLANs to each instance
Stateful switchover - redundant sup is fully booted and init'd. Both start and run config are synched as is L2 information - and switchinterfaces.
5 (0-4 with 4 being the highest)