Test your basic knowledge |

CCNP Switch Deck

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are the steps to configure MST?
1- enable MST - 2-enter MST config mode - 3-assign region name and region configuration rev - 4-map vlans to an MSTI - 5-show pending changes - 6- commit by exiting
Source IP - dest IP - combination of source and dest IP - source and dest MAC - or TCP/UDP port numbers
5 (0-4 with 4 being the highest)
Protects STP when a physical malfunction only allows traffic in 1 direction - even though the link shows as up (cisco proprietary)

2. What is 802.1x force-unauthorized?
1-LAP gets a DHCP address - 2-LAP learns IP of available WLC - 3-LAP sends a join request to WLC and receives join reply - 4-WLC sends code image - if necessary - 5-Tunnels are created
Port is forced to never authorize any connected client
Cisco ILP and 802.3af
Port

3. What is portfast?
Almost eliminates listening and learning states for single hosts on an access link
802.11
The frame tag includes a 3 bit COS value from 0 (low) to 7 (high). Native vlans are untagged so no COS
Variation in delay

4. What is the default 802.3af power class and its use?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

5. How does NSF work?
300 sec
Half because transmitting and receiving stations use the same frequency
Gets assistance from other NSF-aware neighbors. NSF features need to be built into the routing protocols on router needing and providing assistance
From the DHCP snooping database or from static entries

6. How is an RSTP edge port configured
Two distribution switches that aggregate one or more access switches
Differentiated services
To the virtual port-channel interface
With portfast

7. What is a proxy arp?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

8. What types of link can an etherchannel be?
Receives the first packet of a traffic flow and routes it
802.1w
Access or trunk
Checks the source MAC in the header against the sender MAC in the ARP reply

9. How do VRRP routers handle preemption?
On by default
Host Standby Router protocol. Cisco proprietary. Switch is either active - standby - or listen
RPR - RPR+ - and SSO
2 seconds (def)

10. How does ISL handle COS?
The frame tag contains a 3 but portion tagged from 0 (low) to 7 (high)
If a proposal is received - the recipient isolates - all nonedge ports blocked until proposal sent causing neighbors to synch - which propagates out in waves
By configuring every switch port to have an expected and controlled behavior
Switching Database Manager - configures and prunes TCAM partitions

11. How does HSRP plain text authentication work?
Using a mobility exchange message
A key string of up to 8 characters is sent. Default is cisco.
A path is pre-arranged for priority along the complete path from source to destination using the RSVP protocol.
Per VLAN

12. can root guard and udld be used together?
If a unidirectional link is detected - the switch doesn't try to reestablish the link. ULD msgs are sent once/sec for 8 seconds - then the port is err-disabled
Yes
Switching Database Manager - configures and prunes TCAM partitions
2-8 FE - GE - or 10GE are bundled.

13. What are the three basic types of QOS?
Each peer sends and receives hellos. Def hello is 3 sec - def hold is 10 sec
Best effort delivery - integrated services model - and differentiated services model
Aggregation - high L3 throughput - security and policy based connectivity functions through access lists and packet filters - QoS - scalable high-speed links
5 classes with 3 drop precedences

14. RSTP designated port
Port with best root path cost on segment
Flash override (class 4)
Bridge priority and MAC
Frames that barely exceed 1518B or 1622B due to headers

15. What does uplinkfast do?
Option 43
Flash (class 3)
Enables switches at the end of the spanning tree branches to have a functioning root port while keeping 1 or more redundant potential ports in blocking mode. When the main fails - the other comes up.
With the skinny protocol

16. What are the RSTP port states?
The campus network's backbone
Switching Database Manager - configures and prunes TCAM partitions
Discarding - learning - forwarding
It's a router that maintains routes (static or dynamic) - and populates the FIB

17. What is latency?
Variation in delay
Hosts associated with a secondary VLAN can communicate with ports on the primary but not with another secondary VLAN
The total delay from start to finish
One that can be detected on a switch interface (ie. Up/down)

18. RSTP point to point port
Port that connects to another switch and becomes a designated port
Another router must have a higher HSRP priority and have preemt set up
63 kbps
If a unidirectional link is detected - the switch doesn't try to reestablish the link. ULD msgs are sent once/sec for 8 seconds - then the port is err-disabled

19. What are the characteristics of the distribution layer?
Aggregation - high L3 throughput - security and policy based connectivity functions through access lists and packet filters - QoS - scalable high-speed links
Trusted ports
After forwarding delay - port can learn new MAC addresses
Control functions

20. What is the STP hello timer?
Roughly 50%
The ASIC
Time between BDPUs sent by root bridge. Default of 2 seconds
Globally or per-port

21. What does the src-mac option do when checking ARP replies
Up to 54Mbps - not cross-compatible - 12 to 23 clean channels - 5.8 Ghz
Checks the source MAC in the header against the sender MAC in the ARP reply
802.1w
When a wireless station transmits a frame - the receiving one must send an ack

22. What is a BSS?
Matching SSID - compatible data rate - authentication credentials
The port uses 802.1x exchange to move from unauthorized to authorized. Requires app on client
Using a single WAP to centralize access and control over a group of wireless devices.
Host Standby Router protocol. Cisco proprietary. Switch is either active - standby - or listen

23. What is the duration time in a wireless frame?
Each peer sends and receives hellos. Def hello is 3 sec - def hold is 10 sec
Each frame transmits its expected duration time
Root - designated - blocking - alternate - forwarding (host)
2-8 FE - GE - or 10GE are bundled.

24. What's the easiest way to configure GLBP timers?
Configure the timer on the AVG and let it propagate
Can send and receive BDPUs
Switches make an effort to move packets as quickly as possible
1- trunking mode - 2-trunk encapsulation - 3-native VLAN - 4-allowed VLAN

25. How can you tell if a switch block is too large?
Routers at the distribution layer become the bottlenecks or broadcast or multicast traffic slows the switches in the switch block
Hosts associated with a secondary VLAN can communicate with ports on the primary but not with another secondary VLAN
1-65535 (def 32768) lower priority - higher probability
Sends special layer 2 UDLD frames and expects an echo. Both ends must be configured for UDLD

26. How does every VRRP command begin?
The same as a standby group in HSRP
Cisco recommends only on the root bridge
Variation in delay
Switch(config-if)# vrrp xx where xx= group number

27. How does IPT behave when the voice VLAN is in vlan-id mode?
802.1x with EAP over LAN (EAPOL)
Data goes over native vlan - voice goes over specified VLAN - voice QOS is 802.1p
Multicast to 01-80-c2-00-00-00
Reboots and searches for a new WLC

28. Whan is a 10GE WAN PHY?
Group (0-255) - priority (1-254 254 is highest - 100 default)
Only on ports that have same static VLANs or trunking. It also modifies parameters of the channel if one of the ports is modified
802.1w
Connects with SONET or SDH

29. What data does DHCP snooping track?
All ports where root isn't expected
Completed dhcp bindings - mac addresses - IP addresses - etc.
No shut
All ARP packets that arrive on untrusted ports are inspected.

30. How do you configure a DHCP gateway?
Enables portfast - sets the port to access and disables PAgP
To the virtual port-channel interface
If a unidirectional link is detected - the port continues normally - but the port is marked as undetermined and a syslog is generated
First configure a L3 interface in same VLAN as clients - then use the ip helper-address command to ID the DHCP server

31. Of what significance are private VLANs
1-ID link path costs - 2-ID roodt bridge - 3-select root port (1/switch) - 4-select designated port (1/segment) - 5-ID blocking port
Half because transmitting and receiving stations use the same frequency
The port asks the other end to trunk
Local only

32. How should the switch port to which a WLC be configured?
Missed beacons - dropped packets (max retry) - weak signal (data rate switches down) - an AP periodicallytries to find a stronger signal
Trunk
Only for trusted Cisco gear - especially phones
Should be used on access switches - can't be used on root - keeps enabled switch from becoming root by raising priority of switch and all ports - making them undesirable

33. CAM table entries are purged when....
Differentiated services
The frame tag contains a 3 but portion tagged from 0 (low) to 7 (high)
A MAC is seen on a different port
Hashing algorithm

34. What are the 5 steps a LAP uses to establish communication with a WLC?
Interim solution - uses same hardware as WEP - but uses TKIP encryption
The L3 forwarding engine can't forward the packet in hardware because there is no L2 next-hop address - so the packet is sent to the L3 engine to generate the ARP response
1-LAP gets a DHCP address - 2-LAP learns IP of available WLC - 3-LAP sends a join request to WLC and receives join reply - 4-WLC sends code image - if necessary - 5-Tunnels are created
Isl - dot1q - negotiate (default)

35. How are RSTP point to point ports determined?
Edge - root - and point to point
That they aren't using the same frequencies.
Automatically by duplex mode in use. Full duplex are point ot point. Half duplex ports use traditional 802.1D convergence is used.
Incoming frames dropped - but MACs learned

36. What is DSCP codepoint EF(46)?
The campus network's backbone
Critical...used most often for IPT
Both ends should be on because on modes doesn't send PAgP or LACP packets
1 to 64

37. What is the distribution layer best practice?
The distribution layer should have only L3 links
One that can be detected on a switch interface (ie. Up/down)
Embeds the tag within the frame
802.1D

38. What is a PVLAN?
The port asks the other end to trunk
A private VLAN can be logically associated with a special secondary vlan
One router is the active virtual gateway - has highest priority or IP in group - answers all ARP requests and gives MAC based on load balancing
Single instance of STP for all VLANs. BDPUs are sent over trunks using the native VLAN with untagged frames. Dot1q based

39. How does ISL do trunking?
5 classes with 3 drop precedences
An ac adaptor that plugs into a wall outlet.
The port is forced to always authorize any connected client with no authentication necessary (default)
By encapsulating each frame in a header and trailer

40. How is a WLC handoff handled when the WLCs are in different subnets?
When a port moves into forwarding or from fowarding or learning to blocking.
One router is the active virtual gateway - has highest priority or IP in group - answers all ARP requests and gives MAC based on load balancing
All ARP packets that arrive on untrusted ports are inspected.
By using an Ether-IP tunnel

41. the static port to vlan membership is handled in _____
Only when a nonedge port transitions to forwarding
Gateway load balancing protocol - cisco proprietary
The ASIC
By short-circuiting the max age timer

42. How do you show HSRP status
The port will operate under 802.1D rules. If they are received on the same port - it will run 802.1D until the migration delay expires
Show standby
During the time that the FIB entry is in CEF glean waiting for ARP entries - subsequent packet to that host are dropped to keep input queues from filling
2 seconds

43. Where does layer switching occur?
Global config (vlan - vtp mode - and vtp domain) and VLAN DB mode commands. Global config is preferred because VLAN DB mode commands are legacy
Between any type of interface as long as the interface can have an L3 address assigned
CEF is distributed completely among multiple L3 forwarding engines.
The number of times the entry has been updated since the table was generated

44. How many potential links can LACP define?
16 - of which up to 8 are active. The others are in standby
300 sec by default
Root
The redundant SUP is booted and sup and route engine is init'd. No L2 or L3 functions are started. Allows switchports to retain state

45. How do you renable an err-disable port by default?
No
Manually
The number of STP instances needed ot support the desired topologies and whether to map a set of VLANs to each instance
16 - of which up to 8 are active. The others are in standby

46. What duplex setting does 802.11 use and why?
A TCN BDPU is sent out of the switch's root port. The switch will continue sending TCN's every hello interval until ack'd by upstream neighbor. The root bridge will send a Config BDPU to all switches
Trusted ports
Group (0-1023) priority (1-255 higher better def 100)
Half because transmitting and receiving stations use the same frequency

47. What is an MST instance?
The MST instance (MSTI) runs alongside the IST and represents an STP instance
Switch(config-if)# vrrp xx where xx= group number
Causes switch to actively determine whether alternative paths exist to root bridge in case ther eis an indirect failure
Every hello interval regardless of whether BDPUs are received from root - allowing any switch to take an active role maintaining the topology

48. What is route caching?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

49. What is PVST plus (PVST+)?
Cisco proprietary. 1 instance of STP/VLAN. Requires ISL instead of dot1q
Only for trusted Cisco gear - especially phones
1- enable MST - 2-enter MST config mode - 3-assign region name and region configuration rev - 4-map vlans to an MSTI - 5-show pending changes - 6- commit by exiting
Allows devices to interoperate with PVST and CST. Can use both dot1q and ISL

50. How many MST instances can be in a region?
26-byte header - 4-byte trailer with CRC
A key string of up to 8 characters is sent. Default is cisco.
Those that connect to other switches
16 - IST gets MSTI 0 - 1-15 are available for use. MSTIs are locally significant to the MST region