Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How many days after birth do bilirubin levels return to normal limits?
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food
12-24 days

2. Why avoid circumcision in a baby with hypospadias?
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair
fever and infection

3. Rheumatic Fever
trunk - gonads and associative tissue
>95%
Triple
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection

4. Clinicla manifestations of sickle cell disease
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor

5. What is the cause of mononucleosis and its method of transmission?
10 years
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation
12-24 days

6. Nursing interventions for hemophilia
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration
fecal soiling
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure

7. Pathophysiology of Acute Asthma
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications
>95%

8. Signs of increased ICP
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
double birth weight

9. Assess the cause of enuresis
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void
No - it can only be controlled
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia

10. Two examples of benzodiazepines
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
diazepam - lorazapam
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics

11. Test to evaluate a Seizure disorder
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI
drooling
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing

12. Teaching for Croup
4 years
Small bowel biopsy
School age
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress

13. Cephalocaudal
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress
from head to toe
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications

14. Viral Meningitis
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis

15. Bilirubin encephalopathy
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
2 snacks
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough

16. Age that birth length doubles
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
4 years
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis

17. Neonatal Jaundice
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces

18. Non-pharmalogical measures to treat GER
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping

19. Treatment of celiac disease
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
5 inches
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation

20. How many meals and snacks should a 1-3 yr old have in a day 3 meals
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food
2 snacks

21. Cause of bronchiolitis
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system
No - it can only be controlled
inflammation located in the middle ear

22. Signs and symptoms of neonatal meningitis
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea

23. Nursing care for Cystic Fibrosis
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support

24. 3 symptoms of coarctation of the aorta
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
Abdominal ultrasound - Upper GI
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities

25. Sickle Cell Disease
Airborne and contact
<25 yrs old
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant

26. Two important assessment rules related to coarctation of the aorta?
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale

27. ABG
2.5 inches
>95%
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance

28. What are development considerations for hemophilia?
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
Group B Streptococcus

29. Assessment of a patient with suspected epiglottitis
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
20 inches
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens

30. Prevention of bronchiolitis spreading
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing

31. Treatment and nursing care for pertussis
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
10 inches
up to 14 days
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus

32. Leading cause of acquired heart disease in children
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages

33. Treatment for mononucleosis
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
Growth spurt
none
Rinse mouth and brush teeth

34. Diagnose Reye's Syndrome
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support
Liver Biopsy
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers

35. Age group the limbs grow the fastest
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
School age

36. Basic defect in coarctation of the aorta
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy
9 months
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation

37. Treatment for Hirschsprungs
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
fecal soiling

38. S/sx of GERD
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
36 months
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt

39. Signs and Symptoms of mononucleosis
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration

40. Signs of heart failure
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
Equal to
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
Viral---Varicella or influenza

41. Signs and Symptoms of Asthma
85-95%
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels

42. Kawasaki Disease
Between 6-12 months
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy

43. Pathophysiology of a fever and infection with sickle cell disease
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days

44. Term infant --Bilirubin peaks at what day of life
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact
Salicylates
Day 3 of life
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption

45. treatment of intussusception
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
double birth weight

46. What is physiologic Jaundice?
Chronic constipation - ribbon-like foul smelling stools - chronic abdominal distention
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces

47. Temp of home water heater to avoid burns
up to 14 days
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis
Bulb Suction - Chest PT - Small frequent feedings - signs of dehydration
Less than 120 f.

48. Reyes Syndrome
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders

49. How is mononucleosis diagnosed
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
10 inches

50. What Pharmalogical measures can be used to treat GERD?
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
trunk
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis