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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Leading cause of head injury
2.5 inches
2 years
MVA - bike accidents and falls
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation

2. Viral Croup
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
fever and infection
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas

3. When does the surgery to correct hypospadias usually occur?
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
Between 6-12 months
Small bowel biopsy

4. Normal Bilirubin
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor
fever and infection
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
< 1

5. Average age of menarche
5 inches
from head to toe
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things
13 years

6. Treatment of Meningitis
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income
85-95%

7. How is Celiac Disease diagnosed?
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
Small bowel biopsy

8. Another name for Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
maternal nutrition and genetics
Barium enema

9. Signs and Symptoms of Hemolytic Disease of the newborn
Barium enema
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages

10. Bronchiolitis
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus
Length board standiometer
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income

11. Main cause of urinary tract infections
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
E. Coli
fecal soiling
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine

12. Signs and symptoms of Reye's Syndrome
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver
diazepam - lorazapam
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine

13. Average rate of growth for the 2nd year of lif
inflammation located in the middle ear
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications
5 inches

14. Can Asthma be cured?
9 months
No - it can only be controlled
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash

15. Teaching for Croup
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress
20 inches

16. Diet for CF patients
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food
Group B Streptococcus
from head to toe

17. Define Magical thinking
20 inches
They are people - need a balance of limits and independence
older preschool age and young school age-believe that they have caused an event such as a sibling's illness or hospitalization is a form of punishment
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver

18. Test to evaluate a Seizure disorder
Viral---Varicella or influenza
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI

19. Age of children at half their adult height
Mid puberty
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection
2 years
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting

20. What are the four main causes of viral croup?
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia
3 years
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food

21. Leading cause of bacterial meningitis in Neonates
3 years
School age
Group B Streptococcus
5ml/dl

22. signs and symptoms of meningitis in older children
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing

23. Diet for Hirschsprung's prior to corrction and treatment
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support
Low fiber - high calorie and protein
Length board standiometer
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing

24. What should a child's wt be at 1 yr compared to birth weight?
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
Length Chart
Triple
2 years

25. Neonatal Jaundice
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections
fecal soiling
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs

26. Characteristics of the RBC's in sickle cell
Length board standiometer
85-95%
10 years
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia

27. Peak flow meter
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy
drooling
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)

28. What is the rate of growth each year from 3 yrs until puberty?
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
2.5 inches
Previous history of life threatening reaction - Mod-severe illness w/wo fever
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure

29. Two examples of benzodiazepines
diazepam - lorazapam
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress

30. Average Birth Length
10 inches
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
20 inches
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation

31. Age group the limbs grow the fastest
School age
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support
Group B Streptococcus
Salicylates

32. Etiology of GERD
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus
Abdominal ultrasound - Upper GI
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure

33. Precaustions needed for pt's with varicella
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
from trunk to extremities
Airborne and contact
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis

34. Viral Meningitis
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus
fecal soiling

35. first tooth
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion
6 months
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications

36. Signs and symptoms of varicella Prodromal
Airborne and contact
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages

37. 3 symptoms of coarctation of the aorta
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
fecal soiling

38. Diet for a child with glumerlonephritis
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
Length Chart
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
Airborne and contact

39. What Pharmalogical measures can be used to treat GERD?
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis
Length Chart
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin

40. What are development considerations for hemophilia?
gum hypertrophy
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks
2 snacks

41. Sequence of resp distress
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects
trunk
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
1-6 months

42. Kawasaki Disease
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages
85-95%
from trunk to extremities

43. What interventions prevent urinary tract infections?
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes

44. Signs and Symptoms of mononucleosis
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver

45. What should be done to minimize the risks of Sudden infant death syndrome?
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant
older preschool age and young school age-believe that they have caused an event such as a sibling's illness or hospitalization is a form of punishment

46. Childs weight at 6 months compared to birth weight
Less than 120 f.
double birth weight
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver

47. What is broncho-pulmonary dysplasia?
3 years
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine

48. Signs and symptoms of neonatal meningitis
Liver Biopsy
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
Previous history of life threatening reaction - Mod-severe illness w/wo fever
Excessive stool fat

49. Pancreatic enzyme therapy for cystic fibrosis is adjusted based on what factors growth and development?
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
from head to toe

50. Hirschsprung's Disease
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine
Viral---Varicella or influenza
trunk - gonads and associative tissue

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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

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