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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Cephalocaudal
drooling
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages
from head to toe

2. Treatment for Varicella
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
2.5 inches

3. difference btwn GER and GERD
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER
No - it can only be controlled
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system

4. What are the symptoms of pancreatic involvement in Cystic Fibrosis?
Between 6-12 months
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
36 months

5. Pathophysiology of hirschsprung's disease
< 1
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy

6. Signs and Symptoms of mononucleosis
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
< 5%

7. Pathophysiology of intussusception

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8. Nursing care for Kawasaki Disease
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
< 5%

9. Treatment for Hirschsprungs
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas
Less than 120 f.
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting

10. Most cases of Reye's Syndrome follows what type of illness?
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
Viral---Varicella or influenza
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities

11. What foods are prohibited for a person with Celiac Disease?
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
Time and discription of seizure
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities

12. Signs and Symptoms of Celiac Disease
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
0-24 months
Triple
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor

13. During an abdominal assessment when should auscultation occur
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds
double birth weight
fever and infection

14. Diet for a child with glumerlonephritis
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night

15. What interventions prevent urinary tract infections?
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
gum hypertrophy
Day 3 of life

16. Two examples of benzodiazepines
Barium enema
diazepam - lorazapam
Group B Streptococcus
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks

17. What is used to diagnose GER?
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth

18. Basic defect in coarctation of the aorta
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages

19. Risk factors of tuberculosis
none
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income

20. What is Cystic Fibrosis?
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
older preschool age and young school age-believe that they have caused an event such as a sibling's illness or hospitalization is a form of punishment

21. Equipment used to measure a 24 to 36 month old height
Length board standiometer
Excessive stool fat
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system

22. Pertussis?
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
9 months
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks

23. 3 main causes of Bacterial meningitis in children
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema

24. Signs of increased ICP
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure

25. Why is early diagnosis important w. Reye's Syndrome?
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
head
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days

26. treatment of hemolytic disease of the newborn
from head to toe
10 inches
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion
Group B Streptococcus

27. What promotes unsickling of RBC's?
trunk
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
double birth weight
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms

28. What occurs in a subacute baterial endocarditis?
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)
trunk

29. Clinicla manifestations of sickle cell disease
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER
Equal to
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis
Barium enema

30. What should be observed in a case of a seizure?
2 snacks
Between 6-12 months
Time and discription of seizure
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op

31. Nursing interventions for hemophilia
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support

32. Pathophysiology related to Head Trauma
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver

33. Complications of meningitis
ABC's - suction secretions - provide O2 - turn on side - no restraints or objects in the mouth
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture
older preschool age and young school age-believe that they have caused an event such as a sibling's illness or hospitalization is a form of punishment

34. Key nursing intervention for subacute bacterial endocarditis
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
up to 14 days
Small bowel biopsy
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure

35. Pathophysiology of a fever and infection with sickle cell disease
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics

36. Complications of acute otitis media
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening

37. When does the surgery to correct hypospadias usually occur?
13 years
Between 6-12 months
older preschool age and young school age-believe that they have caused an event such as a sibling's illness or hospitalization is a form of punishment
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin

38. Incubation period for TB
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
1-6 months

39. GER (gastroesophageal reflux)
5ml/dl
10 years
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills

40. Predisposing factors to subacute bacterial endocarditis
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications
4 years
used for prolonged sz's
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections

41. What should be done to minimize the risks of Sudden infant death syndrome?
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant
Length board standiometer
Barium enema
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections

42. Prevention of bronchiolitis spreading
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing
birth-36 months
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting
Day 3 of life

43. Test to evaluate a Seizure disorder
trunk - gonads and associative tissue
10 inches
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI

44. What Pharmalogical measures can be used to treat GERD?
13 years
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis
from trunk to extremities

45. first tooth
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
Salicylates
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
6 months

46. Common Asthma irritants
Equal to
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale
School age
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections

47. Pathophysiology of Acute Asthma
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms
fever and infection

48. Nursing care for a child with Reye's Syndrome
Viral---Varicella or influenza
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills

49. Complications related to varicella
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
Airborne and contact
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections

50. Treatment for sickle cell disease
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI

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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

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