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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are the four main causes of viral croup?
Chronic constipation - ribbon-like foul smelling stools - chronic abdominal distention
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
Growth spurt
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia

2. Assessment of a patient with suspected epiglottitis
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs

3. Normal Bilirubin
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes
< 1
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
20 inches

4. What are the side effects of depakote?
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
Excessive stool fat

5. Pathophysiology of Chronic Asthma
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
12 years

6. Age range that is appropriate to use a length chart
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion
birth-36 months
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures

7. Risk factors of tuberculosis
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages
13 years
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds

8. Cause of bronchiolitis
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
Small bowel biopsy

9. What is heart failure?
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections

10. Kawasaki Disease
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support

11. Non-pharmalogical measures to treat GER
School age
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact

12. What is Pyloric stenosis?
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis

13. Complications of acute otitis media
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
Group B Streptococcus
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis

14. What is enuresis?
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night

15. Nursing care for a child with Reye's Syndrome
< 5%
< 1
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis

16. Side effects of benzodiazepines
drooling
2 snacks
birth-36 months
Liver Biopsy

17. Nursing care for child with seizure

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18. Key nursing intervention for subacute bacterial endocarditis
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
<25 yrs old
double birth weight

19. Hirschsprung's Disease
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing
Previous history of life threatening reaction - Mod-severe illness w/wo fever
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine

20. Treatment for sickle cell disease
Abdominal ultrasound - Upper GI
larger
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations

21. BMI - underweight
< 5%
10 years
6 months
Length Chart

22. What Pharmalogical measures can be used to treat GERD?
Viral---Varicella or influenza
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis
trunk - gonads and associative tissue

23. What is used to diagnose pyloric stenosis?
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
Abdominal ultrasound - Upper GI
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film

24. Asthma
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening

25. S/Sx of pyloric stenosis
5 inches
Small bowel biopsy
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
20 inches

26. Treatment of Meningitis

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27. Signs and symptoms of varicella Prodromal
ABC's - suction secretions - provide O2 - turn on side - no restraints or objects in the mouth
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages

28. Two important assessment rules related to coarctation of the aorta?
12 years
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures

29. Assess the cause of enuresis
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void

30. Hypospadias
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
13 years
from trunk to extremities

31. Basic defect in coarctation of the aorta
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation
Low fiber - high calorie and protein

32. Treatment of celiac disease
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation
older preschool age and young school age-believe that they have caused an event such as a sibling's illness or hospitalization is a form of punishment
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus

33. Signs and symptoms of Reye's Syndrome
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver
older preschool age and young school age-believe that they have caused an event such as a sibling's illness or hospitalization is a form of punishment
Bulb Suction - Chest PT - Small frequent feedings - signs of dehydration
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis

34. How many days after birth do bilirubin levels return to normal limits?
12-24 days
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages
No - it can only be controlled

35. Main cause of urinary tract infections
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine
BMI chart
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia
E. Coli

36. Treatment and nursing care for pertussis
Barium enema
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture

37. Age of children at half their adult height
2 years
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration
Less than 120 f.
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth

38. 3 symptoms of coarctation of the aorta
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection

39. Neonatal Jaundice
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system
10 inches
>95%
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections

40. Equipment used to measure a 24 to 36 month old height
Length board standiometer
2 snacks
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
older preschool age and young school age-believe that they have caused an event such as a sibling's illness or hospitalization is a form of punishment

41. What is Cystic Fibrosis?
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
< 5%
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US

42. Asthma inhaler - what can be done to decrease risk of thrush
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op

43. What should be used for feeding a child during the post operative period following cleft palate surgery?
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx

44. Nursing care of the infant with pyloric stenosis
2.5 inches
12 years
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op

45. How does pertussis present?
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
inflammation located in the middle ear
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months

46. Test to evaluate a Seizure disorder
Barium enema
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI

47. Clinical signs of infection wilth sickle cell disease
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death
Length board standiometer
Liver Biopsy
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)

48. Pathophysiology of intussusception

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49. Most cases of Reye's Syndrome follows what type of illness?
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis
Triple
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy
Viral---Varicella or influenza

50. Nursing care for Kawasaki Disease
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
0-24 months
larger

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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

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