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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. 3 symptoms of coarctation of the aorta
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine
4 years

2. Age of children at half their adult height
none
older preschool age and young school age-believe that they have caused an event such as a sibling's illness or hospitalization is a form of punishment
<25 yrs old
2 years

3. Nursing care of the infant with pyloric stenosis
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair
Between 6-12 months
older preschool age and young school age-believe that they have caused an event such as a sibling's illness or hospitalization is a form of punishment

4. What is epiglottitis?
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening

5. Nursing care of patient with Meningitis
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics
36 months
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains

6. Pertussis?
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms

7. Basic defect in coarctation of the aorta
< 5%
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation

8. Signs and Symptoms of Hemolytic Disease of the newborn
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
BMI chart
9 months
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia

9. Teaching for RSV
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
Bulb Suction - Chest PT - Small frequent feedings - signs of dehydration

10. Treatment for sickle cell disease
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations

11. Focus of adolescent discipline
birth-36 months
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things
ABC's - suction secretions - provide O2 - turn on side - no restraints or objects in the mouth
E. Coli

12. Diet for CF patients
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive
< 5%
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food

13. Precaustions needed for pt's with varicella
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
BMI chart
Airborne and contact
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure

14. Lead screening should begin. at ..
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
Chronic constipation - ribbon-like foul smelling stools - chronic abdominal distention
9 months

15. Treatment of celiac disease
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation
2 years
< 5%
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale

16. What can promote dryness in a child with enuresis?
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache

17. What are the symptoms of pancreatic involvement in Cystic Fibrosis?
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
9 months
maternal nutrition and genetics

18. Growth spurt for adolescent boys
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy
Mid puberty

19. Main cause of urinary tract infections
maternal nutrition and genetics
E. Coli
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure

20. Temp of home water heater to avoid burns
Triple
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant
Less than 120 f.
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time

21. Leading cause of acquired heart disease in children
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
Day 3 of life
gum hypertrophy

22. Assess the cause of enuresis
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces

23. BMI-@ risk for overweight
5ml/dl
5 inches
85-95%
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli

24. Normal Bilirubin
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus
2.5 inches
< 1

25. Signs and Symptoms that indicate and adverse reaction to a vaccine
12 years
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
>95%

26. Encoperesis
drooling
Barium enema
fecal soiling
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days

27. Can Asthma be cured?
No - it can only be controlled
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP

28. Puberty for boys
12 years
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration
5 inches
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures

29. Teaching for Mononucleosis
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture
E. Coli
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
They are people - need a balance of limits and independence

30. What is used to diagnose GER?
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor
from trunk to extremities
Less than 120 f.

31. What level does the bilirubin need to be at in order for jaundice to occur?
5ml/dl
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
Equal to
up to 14 days

32. What is the treatment for epiglottitis?
< 5%
>95%
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days

33. Average Birth Length
20 inches
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
larger

34. At what age is a stadiometer required to measure linear growth?
1-6 months
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes
36 months
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli

35. Average rate of growth for the 1st year
Salicylates
10 inches
4 years
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing

36. Rheumatic Fever
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection
12 years
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void

37. Why avoid circumcision in a baby with hypospadias?
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
diazepam - lorazapam
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture

38. Non-pharmalogical measures to treat GER
School age
0-24 months
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2

39. Nursing care for a child with Reye's Syndrome
BMI chart
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair

40. What is the rate of growth each year from 3 yrs until puberty?
2.5 inches
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration

41. Signs and symptoms of tuberculosis
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections
85-95%
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis

42. Average age of breast development
none
6 months
10 years
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes

43. Normal presentation of cystic fibrosis
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive

44. Age group the limbs grow the fastest
School age
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
10 inches
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing

45. What foods are prohibited for a person with Celiac Disease?
Liver Biopsy
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides

46. Most cases of Reye's Syndrome follows what type of illness?
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
Viral---Varicella or influenza
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes
Excessive stool fat

47. Sickle Cell Disease
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function

48. What should be done to minimize the risks of Sudden infant death syndrome?
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy
Length Chart

49. Age group affected by mononucleosis
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications
<25 yrs old
>95%

50. Etiology of GERD
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
Small bowel biopsy