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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Pertussis?
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
ABC's - suction secretions - provide O2 - turn on side - no restraints or objects in the mouth
Mid puberty
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea

2. Diet for a child with glumerlonephritis
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt

3. Average age of breast development
10 years
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting

4. Predisposing factors to subacute bacterial endocarditis
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections
head
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death

5. Assessment of a patient with suspected epiglottitis
85-95%
Between 6-12 months
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film

6. Signs and symptoms of tuberculosis
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
1-6 months
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces

7. S/Sx of pyloric stenosis
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
Liver Biopsy
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs

8. Main cause of urinary tract infections
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
Day 3 of life
E. Coli

9. Nursing care for Kawasaki Disease
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks
Viral---Varicella or influenza
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt

10. Treatment of celiac disease
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
< 1
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation

11. Age range that is appropriate to use a length chart
birth-36 months
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice

12. At what age is a length board required?
0-24 months
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
Length board standiometer
larger

13. Treatment of Meningitis

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14. What foods are prohibited for a person with Celiac Disease?
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant
13 years
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver

15. At what age is a stadiometer required to measure linear growth?
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages
36 months

16. ABG
Salicylates
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance

17. Signs and Symptoms of Bilirubin Kernicterus (encephalopathy)
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures
gum hypertrophy
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance

18. What is Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
10 inches
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders

19. Encoperesis
fecal soiling
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
Airborne and contact
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income

20. BMI-@ risk for overweight
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)
85-95%
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages

21. Bilirubin encephalopathy
12-24 days
Less than 120 f.
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration

22. What can promote dryness in a child with enuresis?
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void
Equal to
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart

23. Diet for CF patients
3 years
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening

24. What should be used for feeding a child during the post operative period following cleft palate surgery?
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects

25. What occurs in a subacute baterial endocarditis?
Small bowel biopsy
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia

26. GER (gastroesophageal reflux)
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
Group B Streptococcus
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
<25 yrs old

27. What has the HIB vaccine been successful in reducing?
Time and discription of seizure
Abdominal ultrasound - Upper GI
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis

28. Childs weight at 6 months compared to birth weight
double birth weight
Between 6-12 months
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility

29. Characteristics of the RBC's in sickle cell

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30. Pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
Airborne and contact
BMI chart

31. Risk factors of tuberculosis
12 years
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function

32. Precaustions needed for pt's with varicella
Airborne and contact
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
Small bowel biopsy

33. Nursing care of patient with Meningitis
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks
Salicylates

34. What is used to diagnose GER?
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)
Day 3 of life

35. How many days after birth do bilirubin levels return to normal limits?
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
diazepam - lorazapam
12-24 days
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection

36. Pathophysiology of Acute Asthma
12-24 days
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms
Length Chart

37. Assess the cause of enuresis
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
drooling
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders

38. Signs and Symptoms of Hemolytic Disease of the newborn
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support
1-6 months
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects

39. What are development considerations for hemophilia?
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure

40. Nursing care for Cystic Fibrosis
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
3 years

41. Pathophysiology related to Head Trauma
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels

42. What is heart failure?
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
10 inches

43. Pathophysiology of hirschsprung's disease
10 years
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache

44. 2 factors that determine birth weight
maternal nutrition and genetics
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support

45. Viral Croup
Length Chart
85-95%
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx

46. What is the cause of mononucleosis and its method of transmission?
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact

47. Age that birth length doubles
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia
4 years
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth

48. Two important assessment rules related to coarctation of the aorta?
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
maternal nutrition and genetics
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor

49. Teaching for Mononucleosis
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt

50. Sequence of resp distress
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
used for prolonged sz's
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure