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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Basic defect in coarctation of the aorta
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks
<25 yrs old
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)

2. How many meals and snacks should a 1-3 yr old have in a day 3 meals
2 snacks
13 years
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection
from trunk to extremities

3. Key nursing intervention for subacute bacterial endocarditis
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
10 years

4. Nursing care of patient with Meningitis
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
5ml/dl
13 years
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics

5. What is enuresis?
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact
Growth spurt
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver

6. Main cause of urinary tract infections
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing
E. Coli

7. Bilirubin encephalopathy
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
No - it can only be controlled

8. Side effects of dilatin hirsuitism (body hair)
gum hypertrophy
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2

9. What is Pyloric stenosis?
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
4 years
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities

10. Which growth chart is appropriate for use - Growth for the young child who is measured laying down?
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
Length Chart
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus

11. At birth - head circumference is ____ compared to chest circumference
larger
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing
>95%
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia

12. Complications of meningitis
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
Liver Biopsy

13. What confirms a positive TB infection?
Low fiber - high calorie and protein
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
E. Coli
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus

14. Non-pharmalogical measures to treat GER
Viral---Varicella or influenza
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping
10 inches
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects

15. Term infant --Bilirubin peaks at what day of life
Day 3 of life
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
Viral---Varicella or influenza
2 years

16. Signs and Symptoms that indicate and adverse reaction to a vaccine
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
2.5 inches
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures

17. Complications of acute otitis media
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
Growth spurt
2.5 inches
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin

18. Diagnose Intussusception by
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
Barium enema

19. Lead screening should begin. at ..
1-6 months
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
9 months
2 snacks

20. Normal Bilirubin
< 1
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
inflammation located in the middle ear
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain

21. Signs and symptoms of neonatal meningitis
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver

22. Prevention of bronchiolitis spreading
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing
<25 yrs old
from head to toe
12 years

23. Pathophysiology of celiac disease
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing

24. signs and symptoms of meningitis in older children
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)

25. Sickle Cell Disease
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated

26. What should be done to minimize the risks of Sudden infant death syndrome?
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
Liver Biopsy

27. Signs of heart failure
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
36 months
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support

28. Growth spurt for adolescent boys
gum hypertrophy
13 years
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
Mid puberty

29. Treatment for sickle cell disease
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
Equal to
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth

30. What is epiglottitis?
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption

31. Part of the body that grows the fastest in the toddler-preschool age
used for prolonged sz's
trunk
from head to toe
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia

32. Age of children at half their adult height
36 months
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
2 years

33. During an abdominal assessment when should auscultation occur
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders

34. Why is early diagnosis important w. Reye's Syndrome?
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation
>95%
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications

35. Average rate of growth for the 1st year
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI
10 inches

36. How is mononucleosis diagnosed
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption

37. Childs weight at 6 months compared to birth weight
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus
double birth weight
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated

38. Pathophysiology of Acute Asthma
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
No - it can only be controlled

39. What has the HIB vaccine been successful in reducing?
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis
1-6 months
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin

40. Average age of breast development
10 years
No - it can only be controlled
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void

41. What is the rate of growth each year from 3 yrs until puberty?
12-24 days
2.5 inches
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test

42. Rheumatic Fever
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection
Day 3 of life
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml

43. What is the cause of mononucleosis and its method of transmission?
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects
>95%
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact
6 months

44. first tooth
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
3 years
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration
6 months

45. What are development considerations for hemophilia?
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting

46. When does the surgery to correct hypospadias usually occur?
Between 6-12 months
No - it can only be controlled
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
none

47. What Component of Aspirin cause's Reye's Syndrome?
Salicylates
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
9 months
trunk

48. Pathophysiology of Chronic Asthma
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
ABC's - suction secretions - provide O2 - turn on side - no restraints or objects in the mouth
12 years

49. Asthma
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant

50. Treatment of celiac disease
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation
They are people - need a balance of limits and independence
Excessive stool fat
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film