Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What foods are prohibited for a person with Celiac Disease?
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli

2. Age group affected by mononucleosis
Salicylates
<25 yrs old
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion

3. Non-pharmalogical measures to treat GER
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping

4. Diet for a child with glumerlonephritis
Previous history of life threatening reaction - Mod-severe illness w/wo fever
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening

5. Can Asthma be cured?
No - it can only be controlled
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus

6. Post Op treatment of a VP shunt
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart

7. Hirschsprung's Disease
Barium enema
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes

8. Which growth chart is appropriate for use - Growth for the young child who is measured laying down?
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks
from trunk to extremities
Length Chart

9. What should be done to minimize the risks of Sudden infant death syndrome?
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis

10. Diagnose Intussusception by
Day 3 of life
School age
Barium enema
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus

11. Teaching for Croup
from head to toe
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis
none
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress

12. 3 symptoms of coarctation of the aorta
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
larger
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities

13. Test to evaluate a Seizure disorder
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant
Viral---Varicella or influenza
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI

14. Most cases of Reye's Syndrome follows what type of illness?
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine
2 snacks
Viral---Varicella or influenza
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening

15. S/Sx of pyloric stenosis
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia

16. Nursing interventions for hemophilia
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds

17. During an abdominal assessment when should auscultation occur
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds
Time and discription of seizure
< 1

18. Average Birth Length
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support
20 inches
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing
double birth weight

19. Treatment for sickle cell disease
Length board standiometer
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations

20. Varicella communicable
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks

21. S/sx of GERD
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support

22. Precaustions needed for pt's with varicella
6 months
< 1
Airborne and contact
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels

23. Treatment for mononucleosis
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
Length Chart
5 inches
none

24. Risk factors of tuberculosis
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
diazepam - lorazapam

25. Asthma
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia
6 months
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli

26. Complications of meningitis
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache

27. What are the symptoms of pancreatic involvement in Cystic Fibrosis?
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli

28. Rheumatic Fever
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
BMI chart

29. How is mononucleosis diagnosed
Triple
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
Rinse mouth and brush teeth

30. Age group the limbs grow the fastest
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides
School age
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
10 inches

31. Assess the cause of enuresis
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping
>95%
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days

32. What is used to diagnose pyloric stenosis?
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
Abdominal ultrasound - Upper GI
Liver Biopsy
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet

33. What is Pyloric stenosis?
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage

34. Pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
5 inches
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function

35. Nursing care of patient with Meningitis
MVA - bike accidents and falls
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis
larger
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics

36. At what age is a length board required?
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
0-24 months
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
none

37. Nursing care for Cystic Fibrosis
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia

38. Treatment for Varicella
fever and infection
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms

39. What are development considerations for hemophilia?
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
0-24 months
No - it can only be controlled
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support

40. How is Celiac Disease diagnosed?
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
12 years
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
Small bowel biopsy

41. At birth - head circumference is ____ compared to chest circumference
5ml/dl
older preschool age and young school age-believe that they have caused an event such as a sibling's illness or hospitalization is a form of punishment
larger
from head to toe

42. Part of body that grows the fastest in infancy
E. Coli
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
6 months
head

43. Sickle Cell Disease
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support
< 5%

44. Treatment of Kawasaki disease
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema

45. Pathophysiology of celiac disease
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
Viral---Varicella or influenza
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin

46. What can promote dryness in a child with enuresis?
drooling
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void

47. Leading cause of head injury
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine
MVA - bike accidents and falls

48. Common Asthma irritants
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
used for prolonged sz's

49. Signs and Symptoms of Celiac Disease
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
Airborne and contact
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics

50. How many days after birth do bilirubin levels return to normal limits?
12-24 days
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
School age