Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Asthma inhaler - what can be done to decrease risk of thrush
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia

2. difference btwn GER and GERD
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting
from trunk to extremities
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER

3. Nursing interventions for hemophilia
ABC's - suction secretions - provide O2 - turn on side - no restraints or objects in the mouth
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
Group B Streptococcus
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds

4. Age group the limbs grow the fastest
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
School age
3 years
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus

5. How does pertussis present?
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml

6. Term infant --Bilirubin peaks at what day of life
Day 3 of life
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine

7. Prevention of infection in Sickle Cell Disease
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)
Mid puberty

8. How many days after birth do bilirubin levels return to normal limits?
Less than 120 f.
12-24 days
5ml/dl
fecal soiling

9. Kawasaki Disease
3 years
E. Coli
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy

10. Equipment used to measure a 24 to 36 month old height
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus
BMI chart
<25 yrs old
Length board standiometer

11. Nursing care for Cystic Fibrosis
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support

12. Pathophysiology of Acute Asthma
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms

13. Puberty for boys
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
head
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
12 years

14. Pancreatic enzyme therapy for cystic fibrosis is adjusted based on what factors growth and development?
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice
BMI chart
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections

15. At 6-24 months - head circumference is what size in relationship to chest circumference
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas
Equal to
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income

16. Which growth chart is appropriate for use - Growth for the young child who is measured laying down?
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
Length Chart
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis

17. Males Reproductive issues for CF patients
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
Day 3 of life
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI

18. What occurs in a subacute baterial endocarditis?
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens

19. first tooth
6 months
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
12-24 days

20. Signs and Symptoms of intussusception
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting
gum hypertrophy
4 years

21. Treatment of a bleed in hemophilia
Salicylates
fever and infection
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders

22. Nursing care of patient with Meningitis
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics
larger
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
13 years

23. Average Birth Length
20 inches
Length Chart
Viral---Varicella or influenza
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures

24. What are the side effects of depakote?
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine

25. Temp of home water heater to avoid burns
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis
Less than 120 f.
maternal nutrition and genetics
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy

26. Pathophysiology of hirschsprung's disease
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things

27. Diet for CF patients
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
from trunk to extremities
5 inches

28. Two important assessment rules related to coarctation of the aorta?
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures

29. Focus of adolescent discipline
Group B Streptococcus
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact
BMI chart

30. Pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis
older preschool age and young school age-believe that they have caused an event such as a sibling's illness or hospitalization is a form of punishment
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
They are people - need a balance of limits and independence

31. Most cases of Reye's Syndrome follows what type of illness?
2 years
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
inflammation located in the middle ear
Viral---Varicella or influenza

32. What is Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant

33. S/sx of GERD
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time

34. What are development considerations for hemophilia?
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support

35. Childs weight at 6 months compared to birth weight
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
double birth weight
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
5ml/dl

36. Assess the cause of enuresis
They are people - need a balance of limits and independence
5ml/dl
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days

37. Signs and Symptoms of Bilirubin Kernicterus (encephalopathy)
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death

38. Hypospadias
>95%
13 years
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis

39. What are major risk factors for neonatal meningitis?
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system
Liver Biopsy
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night

40. What should be used for feeding a child during the post operative period following cleft palate surgery?
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis

41. Causes of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)
none

42. 3 main causes of Bacterial meningitis in children
13 years
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture
They are people - need a balance of limits and independence

43. Normal presentation of cystic fibrosis
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation
1-6 months
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs

44. Bronchiolitis
MVA - bike accidents and falls
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium
Barium enema
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection

45. Diet for a child with glumerlonephritis
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
Between 6-12 months
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt

46. BMI - underweight
< 5%
up to 14 days
Length Chart
Time and discription of seizure

47. Signs and Symptoms of Celiac Disease
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
0-24 months

48. What Component of Aspirin cause's Reye's Syndrome?
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
Salicylates

49. Non-pharmalogical measures to treat GER
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping
13 years
20 inches

50. Main cause of urinary tract infections
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
E. Coli