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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Average rate of growth for the 2nd year of lif
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis
5 inches
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night
larger

2. Pathophysiology of hirschsprung's disease
2 years
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
4 years

3. Define Proximodistal
from trunk to extremities
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
Previous history of life threatening reaction - Mod-severe illness w/wo fever

4. Treatment of a bleed in hemophilia
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks

5. BMI - underweight
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)
< 5%

6. How many meals and snacks should a 1-3 yr old have in a day 3 meals
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
2 snacks
Mid puberty
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy

7. Causes of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms

8. Hirschsprung's Disease
5ml/dl
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation
Mid puberty
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine

9. Normal Bilirubin
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection
< 1
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
Viral---Varicella or influenza

10. What occurs in a subacute baterial endocarditis?
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart
Time and discription of seizure
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale
diazepam - lorazapam

11. Part of the body that grows the fastest in the toddler-preschool age
trunk
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress

12. treatment of hemolytic disease of the newborn
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
Between 6-12 months
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion

13. difference btwn GER and GERD
up to 14 days
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test

14. Linear growth event happens in Adolescents
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing
School age
Growth spurt

15. Neonatal Jaundice
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen

16. Males Reproductive issues for CF patients
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens

17. Pathophysiology of Chronic Asthma
10 years
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver
birth-36 months

18. Age group affected by mononucleosis
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
<25 yrs old
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping
BMI chart

19. At what age is a stadiometer required to measure linear growth?
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat
36 months
Less than 120 f.

20. Complications related to varicella
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day

21. Pathophysiology of a fever and infection with sickle cell disease
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old

22. Pancreatic enzyme therapy for cystic fibrosis is adjusted based on what factors growth and development?
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
Time and discription of seizure
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure

23. Contraindications to all vaccines
Previous history of life threatening reaction - Mod-severe illness w/wo fever
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
from trunk to extremities
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides

24. Precaustions needed for pt's with varicella
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
Airborne and contact
BMI chart

25. BMI-@ risk for overweight
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor
<25 yrs old
85-95%
Abdominal ultrasound - Upper GI

26. Test to evaluate a Seizure disorder
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration

27. GER (gastroesophageal reflux)
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
12-24 days

28. Teaching for Mononucleosis
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night
Mid puberty

29. What are the four main causes of viral croup?
13 years
5 inches
<25 yrs old
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia

30. Bilirubin encephalopathy
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
10 years

31. Most cases of Reye's Syndrome follows what type of illness?
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
Viral---Varicella or influenza
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting

32. Cause of bronchiolitis
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
Low fiber - high calorie and protein
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus

33. Nursing care for child with seizure

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34. Where does the adolescent experience rapid growth?
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
trunk - gonads and associative tissue
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support

35. How is mononucleosis diagnosed
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
gum hypertrophy
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film
Less than 120 f.

36. Asthma inhaler - what can be done to decrease risk of thrush
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
Viral---Varicella or influenza
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash

37. Age that birth length doubles
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
4 years
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus

38. Females reproductive issues for CF patients
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated

39. Two examples of benzodiazepines
diazepam - lorazapam
They are people - need a balance of limits and independence
Airborne and contact
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection

40. Incubation period for TB
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
1-6 months
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart
ABC's - suction secretions - provide O2 - turn on side - no restraints or objects in the mouth

41. What should be observed in a case of a seizure?
Time and discription of seizure
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection
none
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old

42. What should a child's wt be at 1 yr compared to birth weight?
Triple
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage

43. Main cause of urinary tract infections
Previous history of life threatening reaction - Mod-severe illness w/wo fever
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection
E. Coli
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks

44. What level does the bilirubin need to be at in order for jaundice to occur?
5ml/dl
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
BMI chart

45. Reyes Syndrome
< 5%
2 snacks
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness

46. At 6-24 months - head circumference is what size in relationship to chest circumference
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
BMI chart
Equal to
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant

47. first tooth
6 months
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes
1-6 months

48. What is Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant

49. Term infant --Bilirubin peaks at what day of life
Day 3 of life
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth

50. Celiac Disease
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures
from trunk to extremities