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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Pertussis?
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
2 years
Chronic constipation - ribbon-like foul smelling stools - chronic abdominal distention
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)

2. Average age of breast development
85-95%
fecal soiling
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
10 years

3. Post Op treatment of a VP shunt
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP

4. Side effects of benzodiazepines
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine
drooling

5. Head circumference should be assessed until what age
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus
3 years
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia
2 years

6. ABG
Liver Biopsy
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures

7. What Pharmalogical measures can be used to treat GERD?
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis
12-24 days
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections
none

8. What should be done to minimize the risks of Sudden infant death syndrome?
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant
6 months
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy

9. 3 main causes of Bacterial meningitis in children
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system
4 years
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens

10. Clinicla manifestations of sickle cell disease
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides
MVA - bike accidents and falls
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis

11. Hirschsprung's Disease
birth-36 months
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis

12. Causes of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
head
Previous history of life threatening reaction - Mod-severe illness w/wo fever
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration

13. Signs of heart failure
6 months
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
MVA - bike accidents and falls
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection

14. Signs of increased ICP
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics
Time and discription of seizure
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact

15. Average rate of growth for the 2nd year of lif
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system
Less than 120 f.
5 inches
Airborne and contact

16. What is an acute otitis media?
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
12-24 days
inflammation located in the middle ear
trunk

17. What is Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
12 years
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds

18. Define Proximodistal
trunk - gonads and associative tissue
from trunk to extremities
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things

19. What are the symptoms of pancreatic involvement in Cystic Fibrosis?
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
from trunk to extremities
20 inches

20. BMI- overweight
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
36 months
>95%
Liver Biopsy

21. What is physiologic Jaundice?
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis
Less than 120 f.
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus

22. Signs and Symptoms of Celiac Disease
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology

23. 3 symptoms of coarctation of the aorta
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
4 years
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities

24. Cephalocaudal
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
Equal to
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat
from head to toe

25. Complications related to varicella
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
Triple
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks

26. Most cases of Reye's Syndrome follows what type of illness?
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
Viral---Varicella or influenza
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds

27. Key nursing intervention for subacute bacterial endocarditis
5ml/dl
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration
9 months

28. Leading cause of acquired heart disease in children
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt

29. What occurs in a subacute baterial endocarditis?
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
drooling

30. When does the surgery to correct hypospadias usually occur?
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
Between 6-12 months

31. Incubation period for TB
1-6 months
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus

32. Which growth chart is appropriate for use - Growth for the young child who is measured laying down?
Length Chart
Excessive stool fat
6 months
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages

33. Pathophysiology of celiac disease
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income

34. Side effects of dilatin hirsuitism (body hair)
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
gum hypertrophy
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void
2.5 inches

35. Diet for CF patients
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food
13 years
1-6 months

36. What can promote dryness in a child with enuresis?
Liver Biopsy
6 months
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas

37. What should be used for feeding a child during the post operative period following cleft palate surgery?
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects

38. At what age is a length board required?
Small bowel biopsy
0-24 months
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice

39. Bronchiolitis
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection
Rinse mouth and brush teeth

40. Complications of acute otitis media
85-95%
MVA - bike accidents and falls
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis

41. Diagnose Reye's Syndrome
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
Liver Biopsy
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy

42. What are major risk factors for neonatal meningitis?
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
Airborne and contact
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes

43. S/SX of Hirschsprungs
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
Chronic constipation - ribbon-like foul smelling stools - chronic abdominal distention
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks

44. Pathophysiology of a fever and infection with sickle cell disease
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness

45. Treatment for Hirschsprungs
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas

46. Females reproductive issues for CF patients
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant

47. What interventions prevent urinary tract infections?
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping

48. BMI-@ risk for overweight
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
85-95%
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER

49. Teaching for RSV
Time and discription of seizure
Bulb Suction - Chest PT - Small frequent feedings - signs of dehydration
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale

50. What is epiglottitis?
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time