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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Part of the body that grows the fastest in the toddler-preschool age
trunk
5ml/dl
Group B Streptococcus
ABC's - suction secretions - provide O2 - turn on side - no restraints or objects in the mouth

2. Hirschsprung's Disease
older preschool age and young school age-believe that they have caused an event such as a sibling's illness or hospitalization is a form of punishment
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive
head
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine

3. How does pertussis present?
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
2 years
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant

4. Leading cause of acquired heart disease in children
fever and infection
Excessive stool fat
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage

5. Focus of adolescent discipline
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
none

6. Encoperesis
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms
5ml/dl
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
fecal soiling

7. What is the treatment for epiglottitis?
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
from head to toe
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days

8. Nursing care of patient with Meningitis
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
Chronic constipation - ribbon-like foul smelling stools - chronic abdominal distention
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics
10 years

9. signs and symptoms of meningitis in older children
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
maternal nutrition and genetics
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection

10. Steatorrhea
Excessive stool fat
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium

11. How many meals and snacks should a 1-3 yr old have in a day 3 meals
2 snacks
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders

12. Lead screening should begin. at ..
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
9 months
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
5ml/dl

13. S/sx of GERD
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system
5 inches
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia
1-6 months

14. 3 symptoms of coarctation of the aorta
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis

15. Clinical signs of infection wilth sickle cell disease
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain

16. Head circumference should be assessed until what age
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
3 years

17. Considerations should be taken when treating a child with cystic fibrosis who has a ___________ tx promptly since bacterial colonization increases destruction of lung tissue----prevention is key
diazepam - lorazapam
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages
fever and infection

18. Incubation period for TB
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
1-6 months
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old

19. Bilirubin encephalopathy
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing
5 inches

20. What is Cystic Fibrosis?
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration

21. What are major risk factors for neonatal meningitis?
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
2.5 inches
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes

22. Pathophysiology of intussusception

23. Side effects of benzodiazepines
fever and infection
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
drooling

24. What is heart failure?
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
Salicylates
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis

25. Cephalocaudal
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
head
gum hypertrophy
from head to toe

26. Signs and Symptoms of mononucleosis
5ml/dl
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture

27. What are development considerations for hemophilia?
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support
20 inches
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia

28. Males Reproductive issues for CF patients
10 years
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx

29. Signs and symptoms of tuberculosis
12-24 days
3 years
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture

30. Signs and symptoms of varicella Prodromal
2.5 inches
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications

31. Nursing care for Cystic Fibrosis
10 years
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support

32. Treatment for sickle cell disease
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact
Triple
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations

33. Pathophysiology of Acute Asthma
Salicylates
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
5 inches
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms

34. Pertussis?
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption

35. Treatment of celiac disease
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml

36. BMI-@ risk for overweight
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat
from head to toe
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis
85-95%

37. What can promote dryness in a child with enuresis?
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion
trunk - gonads and associative tissue
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive

38. What should be done to minimize the risks of Sudden infant death syndrome?
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant
Liver Biopsy

39. Etiology of GERD
2 snacks
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time

40. At what age is a length board required?
2 years
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
0-24 months

41. Varicella communicable
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)
13 years

42. Side effects of dilatin hirsuitism (body hair)
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus
MVA - bike accidents and falls
gum hypertrophy

43. ABG
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
Day 3 of life
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance

44. What is Pyloric stenosis?
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
ABC's - suction secretions - provide O2 - turn on side - no restraints or objects in the mouth
5ml/dl
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces

45. Diet for Hirschsprung's prior to corrction and treatment
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting
10 inches
Low fiber - high calorie and protein

46. How is mononucleosis diagnosed
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications

47. During an abdominal assessment when should auscultation occur
Between 6-12 months
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis

48. What are the four main causes of viral croup?
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
Small bowel biopsy

49. What confirms a positive TB infection?
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function

50. Growth spurt for adolescent boys
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications
12-24 days
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
Mid puberty