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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Focus of adolescent discipline
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers

2. Pathophysiology of celiac disease
Excessive stool fat
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)
fecal soiling

3. What promotes unsickling of RBC's?
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin

4. What is Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion

5. Etiology of GERD
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
Chronic constipation - ribbon-like foul smelling stools - chronic abdominal distention
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine

6. Average age of menarche
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus
inflammation located in the middle ear
13 years

7. Treatment and nursing care for pertussis
inflammation located in the middle ear
from head to toe
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2

8. What is the treatment for epiglottitis?
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium
Length Chart
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days

9. Basic defect in coarctation of the aorta
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation
older preschool age and young school age-believe that they have caused an event such as a sibling's illness or hospitalization is a form of punishment
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia

10. What are development considerations for hemophilia?
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support
4 years
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing
12-24 days

11. What is the cause of mononucleosis and its method of transmission?
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
2 years
36 months

12. Average rate of growth for the 1st year
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes
10 inches
36 months

13. 3 symptoms of coarctation of the aorta
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications

14. What Component of Aspirin cause's Reye's Syndrome?
Salicylates
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection

15. Common Asthma irritants
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections

16. What should be used for feeding a child during the post operative period following cleft palate surgery?
12-24 days
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects
older preschool age and young school age-believe that they have caused an event such as a sibling's illness or hospitalization is a form of punishment

17. Assess the cause of enuresis
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders

18. Growth spurt for adolescent boys
>95%
Mid puberty
Time and discription of seizure
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)

19. S/sx of GERD
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia
Salicylates
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)
<25 yrs old

20. What are the side effects of depakote?
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis
Mid puberty

21. signs and symptoms of meningitis in older children
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
Barium enema
School age
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)

22. Encoperesis
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections
fecal soiling

23. What are major risk factors for neonatal meningitis?
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes
5 inches
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
School age

24. Predisposing factors to subacute bacterial endocarditis
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections
12-24 days

25. Average rate of growth for the 2nd year of lif
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas
5 inches
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis

26. Causes of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection
36 months
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis

27. Main cause of urinary tract infections
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant
<25 yrs old
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
E. Coli

28. Signs and Symptoms that indicate and adverse reaction to a vaccine
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
trunk
12 years
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice

29. Bilirubin encephalopathy
3 years
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
BMI chart

30. ABG
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion
larger

31. What has the HIB vaccine been successful in reducing?
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture

32. Varicella communicable
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
Excessive stool fat
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old

33. Treatment for sickle cell disease
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive
36 months
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations

34. S/SX of Hirschsprungs
<25 yrs old
Previous history of life threatening reaction - Mod-severe illness w/wo fever
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
Chronic constipation - ribbon-like foul smelling stools - chronic abdominal distention

35. What foods are prohibited for a person with Celiac Disease?
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)
trunk
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
< 5%

36. Normal presentation of cystic fibrosis
gum hypertrophy
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive
Length Chart
6 months

37. Age of children at half their adult height
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
2 years
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system

38. Why is early diagnosis important w. Reye's Syndrome?
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy

39. Pathophysiology of hirschsprung's disease
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
12-24 days
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs

40. At birth - head circumference is ____ compared to chest circumference
6 months
Low fiber - high calorie and protein
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion
larger

41. Steatorrhea
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
Excessive stool fat
fecal soiling
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP

42. Head circumference should be assessed until what age
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion
3 years
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms
Salicylates

43. S/Sx of pyloric stenosis
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen

44. What is Pyloric stenosis?
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds
2 snacks
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet

45. Teaching for RSV
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
Bulb Suction - Chest PT - Small frequent feedings - signs of dehydration

46. Pancreatic enzyme therapy for cystic fibrosis is adjusted based on what factors growth and development?
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day

47. What are the symptoms of pancreatic involvement in Cystic Fibrosis?
trunk - gonads and associative tissue
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption

48. BMI-@ risk for overweight
head
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
<25 yrs old
85-95%

49. Asthma
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
1-6 months
birth-36 months
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death

50. Signs of heart failure
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support
<25 yrs old
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema