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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the treatment for epiglottitis?
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days
head

2. What should be done to minimize the risks of Sudden infant death syndrome?
10 years
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant
double birth weight

3. BMI-@ risk for overweight
85-95%
Barium enema
>95%
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day

4. signs and symptoms of meningitis in older children
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
School age

5. treatment of hemolytic disease of the newborn
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
up to 14 days
5ml/dl
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion

6. Leading cause of head injury
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture
MVA - bike accidents and falls

7. Pathophysiology of Acute Asthma
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms
Less than 120 f.

8. What Component of Aspirin cause's Reye's Syndrome?
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
Salicylates
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing

9. Treatment for Varicella
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
MVA - bike accidents and falls
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus

10. Main cause of urinary tract infections
10 years
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
E. Coli
4 years

11. Pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
ABC's - suction secretions - provide O2 - turn on side - no restraints or objects in the mouth
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus

12. Part of body that grows the fastest in infancy
12-24 days
Excessive stool fat
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms
head

13. What is physiologic Jaundice?
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces

14. Two important assessment rules related to coarctation of the aorta?
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
Time and discription of seizure

15. Diagnose Reye's Syndrome
36 months
Liver Biopsy
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection
Equal to

16. Contraindications to all vaccines
head
Previous history of life threatening reaction - Mod-severe illness w/wo fever
Abdominal ultrasound - Upper GI
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas

17. How does pertussis present?
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
older preschool age and young school age-believe that they have caused an event such as a sibling's illness or hospitalization is a form of punishment

18. What are the symptoms of pancreatic involvement in Cystic Fibrosis?
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US

19. Signs and Symptoms of Celiac Disease
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
fever and infection
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)
Low fiber - high calorie and protein

20. Pathophysiology related to Head Trauma
birth-36 months
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure
gum hypertrophy

21. Age group affected by mononucleosis
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics
<25 yrs old

22. What is the rate of growth each year from 3 yrs until puberty?
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress
2.5 inches
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day

23. Term infant --Bilirubin peaks at what day of life
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection
Length Chart
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides
Day 3 of life

24. ABG
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities

25. Treatment and nursing care for pertussis
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
MVA - bike accidents and falls
36 months

26. Screening for overweight or underweight child on chart
BMI chart
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days

27. Nursing interventions for hemophilia
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion

28. What confirms a positive TB infection?
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
< 1
9 months
School age

29. Steatorrhea
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive
larger
Excessive stool fat
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2

30. Prevention of infection in Sickle Cell Disease
1-6 months
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides
Salicylates

31. Basic defect in coarctation of the aorta
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
No - it can only be controlled
ABC's - suction secretions - provide O2 - turn on side - no restraints or objects in the mouth

32. Age of children at half their adult height
2 years
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting
10 inches

33. Define Proximodistal
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation
from trunk to extremities
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia

34. Sickle Cell Disease
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
Less than 120 f.
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides
inflammation located in the middle ear

35. Considerations should be taken when treating a child with cystic fibrosis who has a ___________ tx promptly since bacterial colonization increases destruction of lung tissue----prevention is key
fever and infection
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough

36. first tooth
6 months
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture

37. What has the HIB vaccine been successful in reducing?
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine
Day 3 of life
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis

38. Pathophysiology of intussusception

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39. What interventions prevent urinary tract infections?
inflammation located in the middle ear
none
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
3 years

40. Age group the limbs grow the fastest
No - it can only be controlled
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
School age

41. Signs and Symptoms of intussusception
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)
9 months
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting

42. Causes of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
Chronic constipation - ribbon-like foul smelling stools - chronic abdominal distention
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration

43. Treatment for mononucleosis
none
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)

44. Nursing care of patient with Meningitis
9 months
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics
They are people - need a balance of limits and independence

45. Assessment of a patient with suspected epiglottitis
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film
Triple
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia

46. Average age of breast development
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
10 years
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)

47. At what age is a length board required?
10 years
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages
0-24 months

48. Viral Meningitis
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs

49. Signs and symptoms of varicella Prodromal
Low fiber - high calorie and protein
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine

50. What is epiglottitis?
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds