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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is an acute otitis media?
Barium enema
inflammation located in the middle ear
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart

2. Side effects of dilatin hirsuitism (body hair)
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia
from head to toe
gum hypertrophy
E. Coli

3. Define Proximodistal
gum hypertrophy
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat
from trunk to extremities

4. Equipment used to measure a 24 to 36 month old height
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive
Length board standiometer
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli

5. Pathophysiology of celiac disease
larger
9 months
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
Excessive stool fat

6. Pathophysiology related to Head Trauma
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities

7. Reyes Syndrome
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
inflammation located in the middle ear
0-24 months

8. treatment of hemolytic disease of the newborn
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications

9. Common Asthma irritants
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces

10. Average age of breast development
10 years
drooling
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides
Group B Streptococcus

11. Considerations should be taken when treating a child with cystic fibrosis who has a ___________ tx promptly since bacterial colonization increases destruction of lung tissue----prevention is key
Airborne and contact
fever and infection
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
< 1

12. Treatment of celiac disease
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
85-95%

13. Sequence of resp distress
5ml/dl
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
from head to toe

14. Predisposing factors to subacute bacterial endocarditis
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening

15. Signs and Symptoms of Celiac Disease
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml

16. Signs and symptoms of Reye's Syndrome
Equal to
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver
Growth spurt

17. Signs and Symptoms of Bilirubin Kernicterus (encephalopathy)
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers
gum hypertrophy
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough

18. Age that birth length doubles
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
Mid puberty
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes
4 years

19. At 6-24 months - head circumference is what size in relationship to chest circumference
Equal to
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void
2 snacks
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations

20. Non-pharmalogical measures to treat GER
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping
No - it can only be controlled

21. Linear growth event happens in Adolescents
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
Growth spurt
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes

22. Sickle Cell Disease
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds

23. Can Asthma be cured?
E. Coli
Group B Streptococcus
No - it can only be controlled
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture

24. What Component of Aspirin cause's Reye's Syndrome?
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
Group B Streptococcus
Salicylates
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact

25. Pathophysiology of Chronic Asthma
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers

26. Nursing care of patient with Meningitis
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics

27. What is used to diagnose GER?
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI
Low fiber - high calorie and protein

28. Varicella communicable
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months

29. What are major risk factors for neonatal meningitis?
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
< 1
Growth spurt
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes

30. Signs and Symptoms that indicate and adverse reaction to a vaccine
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
2 snacks
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage

31. S/sx of GERD
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia
Previous history of life threatening reaction - Mod-severe illness w/wo fever

32. Asthma
Chronic constipation - ribbon-like foul smelling stools - chronic abdominal distention
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption

33. Nursing care of the infant with pyloric stenosis
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
Erythroblastosis Fetalis

34. Average rate of growth for the 2nd year of lif
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
5 inches
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant

35. Encoperesis
fecal soiling
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale
drooling

36. Average Birth Length
20 inches
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
trunk - gonads and associative tissue
Airborne and contact

37. Treatment for sickle cell disease
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
Between 6-12 months

38. Steatorrhea
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
older preschool age and young school age-believe that they have caused an event such as a sibling's illness or hospitalization is a form of punishment
Excessive stool fat
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures

39. At birth - head circumference is ____ compared to chest circumference
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact
12-24 days
larger

40. Cause of bronchiolitis
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
from head to toe
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus

41. Bilirubin encephalopathy
E. Coli
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2

42. Hirschsprung's Disease
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus

43. S/Sx of pyloric stenosis
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
Triple

44. Childs weight at 6 months compared to birth weight
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death
inflammation located in the middle ear
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis
double birth weight

45. What occurs in a subacute baterial endocarditis?
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart
< 5%
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing

46. Screening for overweight or underweight child on chart
BMI chart
12-24 days
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance

47. Lead screening should begin. at ..
9 months
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing

48. Signs of increased ICP
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film

49. difference btwn GER and GERD
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER
13 years

50. Signs and Symptoms of Hemolytic Disease of the newborn
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection
2 years
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days