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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Age that birth length doubles
4 years
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping
birth-36 months
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day

2. Clinicla manifestations of sickle cell disease
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
Triple
Airborne and contact

3. What is epiglottitis?
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
2.5 inches
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
Small bowel biopsy

4. Hourly maintenance Fluid Requirements
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml

5. Signs and Symptoms that indicate and adverse reaction to a vaccine
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
13 years

6. 2 factors that determine birth weight
maternal nutrition and genetics
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks
inflammation located in the middle ear
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas

7. At 6-24 months - head circumference is what size in relationship to chest circumference
Abdominal ultrasound - Upper GI
Equal to
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis

8. Pathophysiology of a fever and infection with sickle cell disease
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
10 years
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old

9. Leading cause of bacterial meningitis in Neonates
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver
Group B Streptococcus
5ml/dl

10. Pertussis?
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat

11. Average age of menarche
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress
13 years
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
Excessive stool fat

12. Common Asthma irritants
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology

13. Precaustions needed for pt's with varicella
Airborne and contact
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine
2 snacks
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days

14. Assess the cause of enuresis
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture

15. Pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
used for prolonged sz's
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus

16. What interventions prevent urinary tract infections?
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes

17. At what age is a stadiometer required to measure linear growth?
36 months
Salicylates
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage

18. Signs and Symptoms of mononucleosis
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy
double birth weight
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day

19. Nursing care for a child with Reye's Syndrome
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
from head to toe
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages

20. Diagnose Intussusception by
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks
Barium enema
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis

21. What should be used for feeding a child during the post operative period following cleft palate surgery?
10 inches
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects

22. treatment of hemolytic disease of the newborn
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
13 years

23. Basic defect in coarctation of the aorta
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
Growth spurt

24. How many days after birth do bilirubin levels return to normal limits?
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection
12-24 days
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2

25. treatment of intussusception
trunk
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film
85-95%
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium

26. Prevention of infection in Sickle Cell Disease
Length Chart
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)

27. Equipment used to measure a 24 to 36 month old height
Length board standiometer
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus
2 years

28. Treatment of celiac disease
fever and infection
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
12 years
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation

29. BMI-@ risk for overweight
Chronic constipation - ribbon-like foul smelling stools - chronic abdominal distention
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
85-95%
BMI chart

30. Main cause of urinary tract infections
Growth spurt
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms
E. Coli

31. What is an acute otitis media?
inflammation located in the middle ear
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
larger

32. Average Birth Length
Length Chart
20 inches
>95%
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea

33. At birth - head circumference is ____ compared to chest circumference
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
larger

34. Age of children at half their adult height
Triple
0-24 months
2 years
12 years

35. Bilirubin encephalopathy
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia

36. Complications of meningitis
10 years
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated

37. Cephalocaudal
from head to toe
Triple
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture
Length Chart

38. Which growth chart is appropriate for use - Growth for the young child who is measured laying down?
Growth spurt
Length Chart
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures

39. Predisposing factors to subacute bacterial endocarditis
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections

40. Diet for a child with glumerlonephritis
9 months
Equal to
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
4 years

41. Post Op treatment of a VP shunt
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time

42. Sickle Cell Disease
>95%
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen

43. Viral Croup
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
They are people - need a balance of limits and independence
36 months

44. Teaching for Mononucleosis
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
36 months
>95%
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture

45. Signs and Symptoms of Celiac Disease
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
10 inches
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting

46. Part of body that grows the fastest in infancy
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
head
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
ABC's - suction secretions - provide O2 - turn on side - no restraints or objects in the mouth

47. Prevention of bronchiolitis spreading
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
12 years
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture

48. Why avoid circumcision in a baby with hypospadias?
E. Coli
maternal nutrition and genetics
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels

49. How is Celiac Disease diagnosed?
fecal soiling
birth-36 months
Small bowel biopsy
4 years

50. Reyes Syndrome
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes