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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. 3 main causes of Bacterial meningitis in children
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion
Growth spurt
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection

2. Treatment for Varicella
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)

3. Define Magical thinking

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4. Pathophysiology related to Head Trauma
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
Small bowel biopsy
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis

5. Diastat rectal diazepam gel

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6. What should be done to minimize the risks of Sudden infant death syndrome?
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant
drooling
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress

7. What promotes unsickling of RBC's?
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old

8. Basic defect in coarctation of the aorta
10 years
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation
larger

9. Diagnose Reye's Syndrome
Between 6-12 months
10 inches
Liver Biopsy
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures

10. Treatment of a bleed in hemophilia
inflammation located in the middle ear
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections

11. Signs and Symptoms of intussusception
E. Coli
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks
Day 3 of life
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting

12. Treatment of Meningitis

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13. Encoperesis
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
10 inches
fecal soiling

14. Pathophysiology of Chronic Asthma
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen

15. What are development considerations for hemophilia?
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support
from trunk to extremities
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact

16. Signs and Symptoms that indicate and adverse reaction to a vaccine
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
Low fiber - high calorie and protein
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice

17. Clinical signs of infection wilth sickle cell disease
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages

18. How many days after birth do bilirubin levels return to normal limits?
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy
5 inches
12-24 days
ABC's - suction secretions - provide O2 - turn on side - no restraints or objects in the mouth

19. BMI- overweight
>95%
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium

20. Signs and symptoms of tuberculosis
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills
MVA - bike accidents and falls
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice

21. What is epiglottitis?
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening

22. What are the side effects of depakote?
Triple
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
BMI chart
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis

23. Viral Meningitis
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia

24. Treatment for sickle cell disease
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
Length Chart
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations

25. What Component of Aspirin cause's Reye's Syndrome?
E. Coli
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
Salicylates
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy

26. Average rate of growth for the 2nd year of lif
10 inches
5 inches
up to 14 days
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities

27. What is the rate of growth each year from 3 yrs until puberty?
2.5 inches
0-24 months
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day

28. Leading cause of head injury
MVA - bike accidents and falls
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture
3 years
trunk

29. treatment of intussusception
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium
13 years
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough

30. Average Birth Length
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact
20 inches
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat

31. What are the symptoms of pancreatic involvement in Cystic Fibrosis?
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure
20 inches
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption

32. Screening for overweight or underweight child on chart
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
up to 14 days
BMI chart

33. Complications of meningitis
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
Equal to
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities

34. Varicella communicable
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
5 inches
older preschool age and young school age-believe that they have caused an event such as a sibling's illness or hospitalization is a form of punishment
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks

35. What is the cause of mononucleosis and its method of transmission?
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
Between 6-12 months
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact

36. What confirms a positive TB infection?
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation
Low fiber - high calorie and protein
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
from head to toe

37. Pertussis?
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis

38. Lead screening should begin. at ..
9 months
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old

39. What should be used for feeding a child during the post operative period following cleft palate surgery?
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects
< 1
2 snacks

40. What is enuresis?
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night
2 snacks
head
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia

41. Part of the body that grows the fastest in the toddler-preschool age
No - it can only be controlled
trunk
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)

42. What is an acute otitis media?
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
inflammation located in the middle ear

43. Signs and symptoms of neonatal meningitis
Salicylates
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US

44. What is used to diagnose pyloric stenosis?
Abdominal ultrasound - Upper GI
Day 3 of life
3 years
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough

45. Puberty for boys
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
12 years
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml

46. 2 factors that determine birth weight
3 years
maternal nutrition and genetics
6 months
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation

47. Average age of menarche
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping
13 years

48. Age range that is appropriate to use a length chart
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
Low fiber - high calorie and protein
birth-36 months
Length board standiometer

49. Part of body that grows the fastest in infancy
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death
head

50. Where does the adolescent experience rapid growth?
trunk - gonads and associative tissue
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old