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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Complications of acute otitis media
Barium enema
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op

2. Assessment of a patient with suspected epiglottitis
Less than 120 f.
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film
Excessive stool fat

3. What are the four main causes of viral croup?
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia
12-24 days
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days

4. How many meals and snacks should a 1-3 yr old have in a day 3 meals
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
Triple
Small bowel biopsy
2 snacks

5. Signs and symptoms of neonatal meningitis
Time and discription of seizure
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
Previous history of life threatening reaction - Mod-severe illness w/wo fever
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds

6. Term infant --Bilirubin peaks at what day of life
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
BMI chart
Day 3 of life

7. Normal presentation of cystic fibrosis
< 5%
larger
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive

8. Treatment and nursing care for pertussis
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2

9. Signs and Symptoms of Hemolytic Disease of the newborn
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough

10. At birth - head circumference is ____ compared to chest circumference
4 years
larger
2 snacks
older preschool age and young school age-believe that they have caused an event such as a sibling's illness or hospitalization is a form of punishment

11. treatment of intussusception
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures

12. Viral Croup
Viral---Varicella or influenza
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
Salicylates
Equal to

13. 2 key factors to consider when caring for a preschooler
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
They are people - need a balance of limits and independence
fever and infection
Erythroblastosis Fetalis

14. Teaching for RSV
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
Bulb Suction - Chest PT - Small frequent feedings - signs of dehydration

15. Nursing care for child with seizure

16. Encoperesis
fecal soiling
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis

17. Bronchiolitis
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart
larger
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet

18. Which growth chart is appropriate for use - Growth for the young child who is measured laying down?
Length Chart
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes

19. What is the treatment for epiglottitis?
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)
used for prolonged sz's
maternal nutrition and genetics

20. Cause of bronchiolitis
from head to toe
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus

21. How is Celiac Disease diagnosed?
Small bowel biopsy
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
6 months
Rinse mouth and brush teeth

22. What should a child's wt be at 1 yr compared to birth weight?
ABC's - suction secretions - provide O2 - turn on side - no restraints or objects in the mouth
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds
Triple

23. Causes of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration
Triple
Small bowel biopsy

24. Risk factors of tuberculosis
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
ABC's - suction secretions - provide O2 - turn on side - no restraints or objects in the mouth

25. What confirms a positive TB infection?
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
1-6 months
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting

26. At what age is a stadiometer required to measure linear growth?
36 months
inflammation located in the middle ear
from trunk to extremities
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption

27. Teaching for Croup
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)

28. Pancreatic enzyme therapy for cystic fibrosis is adjusted based on what factors growth and development?
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day

29. Age of children at half their adult height
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
2 years
Equal to

30. What should be observed in a case of a seizure?
Time and discription of seizure
Low fiber - high calorie and protein
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
>95%

31. Nursing care of patient with Meningitis
Low fiber - high calorie and protein
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics
Liver Biopsy
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds

32. What should be used for feeding a child during the post operative period following cleft palate surgery?
head
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects
larger
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant

33. Side effects of benzodiazepines
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
drooling
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film

34. Equipment used to measure a 24 to 36 month old height
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night
1-6 months
Equal to
Length board standiometer

35. Treatment of Meningitis

36. 3 main causes of Bacterial meningitis in children
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
20 inches

37. Treatment of Kawasaki disease
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
inflammation located in the middle ear
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy

38. Assess the cause of enuresis
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
2 years
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds

39. What is enuresis?
trunk - gonads and associative tissue
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects

40. Define Proximodistal
from trunk to extremities
none
Time and discription of seizure
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day

41. Reyes Syndrome
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
trunk - gonads and associative tissue

42. Signs and symptoms of varicella Prodromal
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
double birth weight
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages

43. What is broncho-pulmonary dysplasia?
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
Viral---Varicella or influenza
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function

44. What is Pyloric stenosis?
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections

45. Pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
up to 14 days
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption

46. What is the cause of mononucleosis and its method of transmission?
none
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus
up to 14 days
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact

47. Complications related to varicella
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels

48. Hypospadias
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy
<25 yrs old
Group B Streptococcus
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis

49. Signs and Symptoms of Celiac Disease
Low fiber - high calorie and protein
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
ABC's - suction secretions - provide O2 - turn on side - no restraints or objects in the mouth
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months

50. Pathophysiology of hirschsprung's disease
Length Chart
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death