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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Precaustions needed for pt's with varicella
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
Airborne and contact
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine

2. Neonatal Jaundice
1-6 months
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis

3. Sequence of resp distress
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection

4. Varicella communicable
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks
2 years
Time and discription of seizure

5. Pathophysiology of intussusception

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6. Two important assessment rules related to coarctation of the aorta?
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
fecal soiling
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)

7. Nursing care for child with seizure

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8. At birth - head circumference is ____ compared to chest circumference
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting
larger
Erythroblastosis Fetalis

9. What promotes unsickling of RBC's?
Less than 120 f.
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy

10. Signs and Symptoms of Celiac Disease
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
1-6 months

11. Incubation period for TB
1-6 months
E. Coli
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds

12. Linear growth event happens in Adolescents
Growth spurt
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia

13. What are the side effects of depakote?
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection
Less than 120 f.
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis

14. Focus of adolescent discipline
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections

15. What interventions prevent urinary tract infections?
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium
Airborne and contact
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia

16. Treatment for sickle cell disease
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income
< 1
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations

17. Post Op treatment of a VP shunt
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
larger

18. Growth spurt for adolescent boys
drooling
Mid puberty
School age
Equal to

19. Viral Meningitis
fecal soiling
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus

20. Signs and Symptoms of Hemolytic Disease of the newborn
used for prolonged sz's
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks

21. GER (gastroesophageal reflux)
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus

22. What are major risk factors for neonatal meningitis?
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI

23. What are the S/SX of bleeds in hemophilia?
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)
Day 3 of life
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days

24. signs and symptoms of meningitis in older children
0-24 months
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
Between 6-12 months

25. What is Pyloric stenosis?
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
Salicylates
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia

26. What occurs in a subacute baterial endocarditis?
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI
Between 6-12 months
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration

27. Why avoid circumcision in a baby with hypospadias?
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair
0-24 months
>95%

28. Complications related to varicella
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
inflammation located in the middle ear
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat

29. 3 symptoms of coarctation of the aorta
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
none
fever and infection
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day

30. Where does the adolescent experience rapid growth?
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death
trunk - gonads and associative tissue

31. Cause of bronchiolitis
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus
4 years
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics

32. What is Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support
Triple
Abdominal ultrasound - Upper GI
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility

33. Bilirubin encephalopathy
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain

34. Diet for a child with glumerlonephritis
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
9 months
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs

35. Nursing care of patient with Meningitis
Length board standiometer
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics
gum hypertrophy

36. Pertussis?
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
Group B Streptococcus

37. What is the treatment for epiglottitis?
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days
0-24 months
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)

38. Celiac Disease
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
Group B Streptococcus

39. treatment of hemolytic disease of the newborn
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice
Between 6-12 months
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion

40. Treatment and nursing care for pertussis
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
Less than 120 f.
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility

41. Two examples of benzodiazepines
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice
diazepam - lorazapam
Liver Biopsy

42. What is Cystic Fibrosis?
gum hypertrophy
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen

43. Prevention of infection in Sickle Cell Disease
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)
School age
2.5 inches
Length board standiometer

44. What should be observed in a case of a seizure?
Small bowel biopsy
Time and discription of seizure
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia

45. What is used to diagnose GER?
1-6 months
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor

46. Signs and Symptoms of Asthma
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing

47. What foods are prohibited for a person with Celiac Disease?
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
4 years
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
drooling

48. 2 key factors to consider when caring for a preschooler
They are people - need a balance of limits and independence
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
10 inches

49. Diastat rectal diazepam gel

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50. Treatment of a bleed in hemophilia
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet