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Test your basic knowledge |
Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam
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certifications
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health-sciences
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nursing
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Side effects of dilatin hirsuitism (body hair)
gum hypertrophy
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation
from trunk to extremities
2. Pertussis?
from head to toe
20 inches
Small bowel biopsy
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
3. What Component of Aspirin cause's Reye's Syndrome?
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days
Salicylates
Barium enema
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor
4. Age of children at half their adult height
2 years
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills
5. Leading cause of acquired heart disease in children
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
gum hypertrophy
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
6. Hourly maintenance Fluid Requirements
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
7. Linear growth event happens in Adolescents
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics
Growth spurt
8. Main cause of urinary tract infections
E. Coli
birth-36 months
0-24 months
trunk
9. Focus of adolescent discipline
3 years
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things
10. When does the surgery to correct hypospadias usually occur?
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy
Between 6-12 months
They are people - need a balance of limits and independence
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages
11. Common Asthma irritants
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
gum hypertrophy
up to 14 days
6 months
12. Cause of bronchiolitis
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers
Abdominal ultrasound - Upper GI
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus
13. Pathophysiology of Acute Asthma
Chronic constipation - ribbon-like foul smelling stools - chronic abdominal distention
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
14. Pathophysiology of celiac disease
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
MVA - bike accidents and falls
15. Nursing care for a child with Reye's Syndrome
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects
16. Hypospadias
Day 3 of life
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis
17. Signs and symptoms of varicella Prodromal
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages
trunk
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
18. Head circumference should be assessed until what age
6 months
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
3 years
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing
19. BMI- overweight
MVA - bike accidents and falls
>95%
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
20. What should be observed in a case of a seizure?
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
Equal to
Time and discription of seizure
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection
21. S/sx of GERD
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
diazepam - lorazapam
12-24 days
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia
22. Asthma inhaler - what can be done to decrease risk of thrush
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)
Time and discription of seizure
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
23. What is epiglottitis?
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
MVA - bike accidents and falls
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills
< 5%
24. Where does the adolescent experience rapid growth?
trunk - gonads and associative tissue
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
Between 6-12 months
25. Nursing interventions for hemophilia
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
26. Treatment of a bleed in hemophilia
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
27. RSV contagious for ...
up to 14 days
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food
Bulb Suction - Chest PT - Small frequent feedings - signs of dehydration
inflammation located in the middle ear
28. Celiac Disease
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
29. Signs of heart failure
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
fever and infection
30. 2 factors that determine birth weight
from head to toe
maternal nutrition and genetics
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
31. Rheumatic Fever
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress
Low fiber - high calorie and protein
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
32. Leading cause of head injury
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
MVA - bike accidents and falls
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
33. Age that birth length doubles
4 years
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale
34. Steatorrhea
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
Excessive stool fat
35. Nursing care of the infant with pyloric stenosis
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI
Length Chart
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
36. What is used to diagnose pyloric stenosis?
Abdominal ultrasound - Upper GI
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
Time and discription of seizure
MVA - bike accidents and falls
37. Equipment used to measure a 24 to 36 month old height
drooling
Growth spurt
Length board standiometer
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks
38. Most cases of Reye's Syndrome follows what type of illness?
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
Barium enema
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation
Viral---Varicella or influenza
39. Sickle Cell Disease
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
9 months
head
40. Signs and Symptoms of Bilirubin Kernicterus (encephalopathy)
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
41. What is heart failure?
Day 3 of life
Small bowel biopsy
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
birth-36 months
42. Two important assessment rules related to coarctation of the aorta?
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms
43. Precaustions needed for pt's with varicella
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void
No - it can only be controlled
Airborne and contact
Day 3 of life
44. What is an acute otitis media?
inflammation located in the middle ear
Abdominal ultrasound - Upper GI
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice
45. Treatment of Meningitis
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
46. What interventions prevent urinary tract infections?
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
10 inches
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
Length Chart
47. At what age is a length board required?
Equal to
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
0-24 months
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
48. Test to evaluate a Seizure disorder
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI
inflammation located in the middle ear
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics
49. What is the rate of growth each year from 3 yrs until puberty?
2.5 inches
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes
trunk - gonads and associative tissue
Barium enema
50. Signs and Symptoms that indicate and adverse reaction to a vaccine
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine
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