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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. 2 key factors to consider when caring for a preschooler
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
They are people - need a balance of limits and independence
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure

2. Celiac Disease
none
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis

3. Steatorrhea
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
Excessive stool fat
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure

4. Age range that is appropriate to use a length chart
birth-36 months
2 snacks
10 years
4 years

5. Non-pharmalogical measures to treat GER
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
trunk - gonads and associative tissue
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening

6. Varicella communicable
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night
School age
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia

7. Side effects of dilatin hirsuitism (body hair)
gum hypertrophy
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
Less than 120 f.

8. What is heart failure?
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening

9. Prevention of infection in Sickle Cell Disease
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine
Salicylates
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)

10. What confirms a positive TB infection?
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
older preschool age and young school age-believe that they have caused an event such as a sibling's illness or hospitalization is a form of punishment
5ml/dl
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test

11. Pathophysiology of a fever and infection with sickle cell disease
fever and infection
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia

12. Hourly maintenance Fluid Requirements
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects

13. ABG
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
from head to toe
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis
fever and infection

14. Signs and symptoms of neonatal meningitis
Day 3 of life
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
< 5%
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens

15. What are major risk factors for neonatal meningitis?
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death
Length board standiometer
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain

16. Peak flow meter
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks

17. Focus of adolescent discipline
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
12-24 days
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things

18. Nursing care of the infant with pyloric stenosis
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy
Growth spurt
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
ABC's - suction secretions - provide O2 - turn on side - no restraints or objects in the mouth

19. Childs weight at 6 months compared to birth weight
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant
double birth weight
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture

20. Treatment of Meningitis

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21. Hypospadias
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
Between 6-12 months

22. What are development considerations for hemophilia?
trunk - gonads and associative tissue
2 years
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support

23. Pathophysiology of intussusception

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24. What promotes unsickling of RBC's?
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia

25. Nursing care for a child with Reye's Syndrome
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
Day 3 of life
Salicylates

26. What are the four main causes of viral croup?
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
2.5 inches
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia

27. Diagnose Reye's Syndrome
Liver Biopsy
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
Length board standiometer

28. Nursing care for Kawasaki Disease
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
Airborne and contact

29. Asthma inhaler - what can be done to decrease risk of thrush
fecal soiling
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
Equal to

30. Viral Meningitis
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
trunk - gonads and associative tissue
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days

31. 3 symptoms of coarctation of the aorta
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
Barium enema
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities

32. How is Celiac Disease diagnosed?
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
Equal to
Small bowel biopsy
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet

33. What is the rate of growth each year from 3 yrs until puberty?
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping
2.5 inches

34. Signs of heart failure
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation
>95%
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER

35. Etiology of GERD
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
3 years

36. treatment of intussusception
up to 14 days
none
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat

37. Average age of menarche
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant
13 years
none
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion

38. What is the treatment for epiglottitis?
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities

39. Encoperesis
fecal soiling
School age
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure

40. What should be used for feeding a child during the post operative period following cleft palate surgery?
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
trunk

41. What are the symptoms of pancreatic involvement in Cystic Fibrosis?
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms

42. 2 factors that determine birth weight
Growth spurt
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
maternal nutrition and genetics
5ml/dl

43. Post Op treatment of a VP shunt
36 months
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
trunk

44. What is an acute otitis media?
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia
inflammation located in the middle ear
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects

45. Incubation period for TB
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
< 5%
1-6 months

46. Define Proximodistal
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis
from trunk to extremities

47. Signs and symptoms of Reye's Syndrome
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver
10 inches
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
from trunk to extremities

48. Hirschsprung's Disease
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine
85-95%
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities

49. What is Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
< 1

50. S/Sx of pyloric stenosis
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
Chronic constipation - ribbon-like foul smelling stools - chronic abdominal distention
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void