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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Clinicla manifestations of sickle cell disease
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy

2. Leading cause of acquired heart disease in children
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
drooling
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US

3. 2 factors that determine birth weight
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
fecal soiling
maternal nutrition and genetics
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)

4. Nursing care for a child with Reye's Syndrome
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
10 years
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis

5. GER (gastroesophageal reflux)
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
Length Chart
E. Coli

6. Linear growth event happens in Adolescents
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
Growth spurt
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia

7. BMI - underweight
< 5%
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day

8. Pathophysiology of intussusception

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9. Nursing care for Cystic Fibrosis
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
2.5 inches
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support

10. ABG
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance

11. Can Asthma be cured?
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
No - it can only be controlled

12. Head circumference should be assessed until what age
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers
2.5 inches
3 years
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair

13. Pathophysiology of Acute Asthma
Chronic constipation - ribbon-like foul smelling stools - chronic abdominal distention
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms
85-95%

14. Signs of heart failure
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
Mid puberty
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy

15. Incubation period for TB
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
1-6 months

16. Prevention of infection in Sickle Cell Disease
< 5%
gum hypertrophy
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)

17. Diet for CF patients
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food
Time and discription of seizure
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis

18. Diagnose Reye's Syndrome
Liver Biopsy
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics

19. Pertussis?
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain

20. Diagnose Intussusception by
birth-36 months
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
Barium enema
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium

21. What are the symptoms of pancreatic involvement in Cystic Fibrosis?
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth

22. What Component of Aspirin cause's Reye's Syndrome?
Salicylates
85-95%
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
<25 yrs old

23. Age group the limbs grow the fastest
Previous history of life threatening reaction - Mod-severe illness w/wo fever
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film
Abdominal ultrasound - Upper GI
School age

24. What is Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis
2 years
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility

25. Bronchiolitis
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection

26. What is used to diagnose pyloric stenosis?
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
Day 3 of life
Abdominal ultrasound - Upper GI
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities

27. Another name for Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
5 inches
No - it can only be controlled
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration

28. Celiac Disease
older preschool age and young school age-believe that they have caused an event such as a sibling's illness or hospitalization is a form of punishment
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure

29. What level does the bilirubin need to be at in order for jaundice to occur?
Low fiber - high calorie and protein
up to 14 days
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia
5ml/dl

30. Average age of menarche
Low fiber - high calorie and protein
3 years
13 years
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin

31. Post Op treatment of a VP shunt
E. Coli
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides

32. Equipment used to measure a 24 to 36 month old height
Length board standiometer
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old

33. How is Celiac Disease diagnosed?
Small bowel biopsy
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers
0-24 months
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus

34. How many days after birth do bilirubin levels return to normal limits?
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
12-24 days
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation

35. S/Sx of pyloric stenosis
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy
Airborne and contact
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth

36. Most cases of Reye's Syndrome follows what type of illness?
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
from trunk to extremities
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas
Viral---Varicella or influenza

37. Asthma inhaler - what can be done to decrease risk of thrush
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
Growth spurt

38. What are the S/SX of bleeds in hemophilia?
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
12-24 days
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis

39. At what age is a stadiometer required to measure linear growth?
13 years
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus
36 months
Abdominal ultrasound - Upper GI

40. What interventions prevent urinary tract infections?
birth-36 months
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
fever and infection

41. Temp of home water heater to avoid burns
none
Less than 120 f.
Length Chart
diazepam - lorazapam

42. How does pertussis present?
2.5 inches
3 years
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months

43. Treatment of a bleed in hemophilia
fever and infection
fecal soiling
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis

44. Signs and Symptoms that indicate and adverse reaction to a vaccine
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food
13 years
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair

45. Bilirubin encephalopathy
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
Liver Biopsy
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain

46. Where does the adolescent experience rapid growth?
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
trunk - gonads and associative tissue
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days

47. What occurs in a subacute baterial endocarditis?
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers

48. Define Magical thinking

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49. What are the four main causes of viral croup?
Salicylates
fecal soiling
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides

50. Viral Meningitis
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels