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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 30 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Define Magical thinking

2. Pancreatic enzyme therapy for cystic fibrosis is adjusted based on what factors growth and development?
birth-36 months
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things
<25 yrs old

3. Males Reproductive issues for CF patients
12 years
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
Barium enema

4. Incubation period for TB
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress
1-6 months

5. Two important assessment rules related to coarctation of the aorta?
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis

6. Diastat rectal diazepam gel

7. Signs and symptoms of tuberculosis
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills
ABC's - suction secretions - provide O2 - turn on side - no restraints or objects in the mouth
fever and infection
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks

8. At birth - head circumference is ____ compared to chest circumference
larger
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart

9. Prevention of bronchiolitis spreading
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
2 snacks

10. Assessment of a patient with suspected epiglottitis
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
10 inches
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale

11. What is epiglottitis?
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
36 months
< 5%
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds

12. What promotes unsickling of RBC's?
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months

13. What is Pyloric stenosis?
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
Equal to
ABC's - suction secretions - provide O2 - turn on side - no restraints or objects in the mouth
2 snacks

14. Signs of heart failure
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus
Group B Streptococcus
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema

15. What is used to diagnose GER?
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis

16. What Component of Aspirin cause's Reye's Syndrome?
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice
Salicylates

17. What should a child's wt be at 1 yr compared to birth weight?
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER
Triple
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)

18. Treatment of a bleed in hemophilia
Airborne and contact
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis

19. Temp of home water heater to avoid burns
12-24 days
Less than 120 f.
Day 3 of life
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash

20. Complications of acute otitis media
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
<25 yrs old
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening

21. What should be done to minimize the risks of Sudden infant death syndrome?
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant

22. Prevention of infection in Sickle Cell Disease
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
Low fiber - high calorie and protein

23. Why is early diagnosis important w. Reye's Syndrome?
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress

24. Characteristics of the RBC's in sickle cell

25. Varicella communicable
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks

26. Precaustions needed for pt's with varicella
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
Airborne and contact
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration

27. Average age of breast development
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications
10 years

28. Pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)

29. Nursing care for a child with Reye's Syndrome
<25 yrs old
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
Viral---Varicella or influenza

30. Steatorrhea
Excessive stool fat
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia

31. Diagnose Reye's Syndrome
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
Liver Biopsy
2 snacks

32. Pathophysiology of celiac disease
Group B Streptococcus
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
10 years
double birth weight

33. What level does the bilirubin need to be at in order for jaundice to occur?
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
ABC's - suction secretions - provide O2 - turn on side - no restraints or objects in the mouth
5ml/dl

34. Diagnose Intussusception by
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus
Previous history of life threatening reaction - Mod-severe illness w/wo fever
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
Barium enema

35. Non-pharmalogical measures to treat GER
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair
Rinse mouth and brush teeth

36. Pertussis?
gum hypertrophy
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
ABC's - suction secretions - provide O2 - turn on side - no restraints or objects in the mouth

37. What should be used for feeding a child during the post operative period following cleft palate surgery?
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
4 years
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects

38. How is mononucleosis diagnosed
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
Length Chart

39. Hirschsprung's Disease
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration
< 5%

40. Treatment of Meningitis

41. Average Birth Length
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
20 inches
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects

42. Assess the cause of enuresis
20 inches
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
12-24 days
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders

43. Considerations should be taken when treating a child with cystic fibrosis who has a ___________ tx promptly since bacterial colonization increases destruction of lung tissue----prevention is key
fever and infection
Salicylates
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant
10 inches

44. Average rate of growth for the 2nd year of lif
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
5 inches
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death
5ml/dl

45. signs and symptoms of meningitis in older children
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus

46. What can promote dryness in a child with enuresis?
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy

47. What is heart failure?
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces

48. Signs of increased ICP
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
3 years
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet

49. Nursing interventions for hemophilia
Low fiber - high calorie and protein
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
Mid puberty
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture

50. Leading cause of head injury
MVA - bike accidents and falls
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus