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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Age group affected by mononucleosis
Mid puberty
<25 yrs old
5 inches
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine

2. GER (gastroesophageal reflux)
10 years
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms
fever and infection
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus

3. Part of body that grows the fastest in infancy
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
head
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills

4. What foods are prohibited for a person with Celiac Disease?
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test

5. Average age of menarche
2 snacks
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
13 years

6. What is Cystic Fibrosis?
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death

7. Sequence of resp distress
2.5 inches
from head to toe
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli

8. Steatorrhea
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
Excessive stool fat
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart

9. Precaustions needed for pt's with varicella
Airborne and contact
MVA - bike accidents and falls
Growth spurt
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine

10. Why avoid circumcision in a baby with hypospadias?
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications
5 inches
Low fiber - high calorie and protein
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair

11. Treatment of a bleed in hemophilia
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration
2 years
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
Abdominal ultrasound - Upper GI

12. Age group the limbs grow the fastest
up to 14 days
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death
School age
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive

13. What are the S/SX of bleeds in hemophilia?
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)

14. Complications of acute otitis media
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
double birth weight
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis

15. Cause of bronchiolitis
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces

16. Common Asthma irritants
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
double birth weight

17. first tooth
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
They are people - need a balance of limits and independence
6 months

18. Clinical signs of infection wilth sickle cell disease
2 years
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death
inflammation located in the middle ear
ABC's - suction secretions - provide O2 - turn on side - no restraints or objects in the mouth

19. Signs and Symptoms of Hemolytic Disease of the newborn
2 snacks
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
Viral---Varicella or influenza

20. Treatment and nursing care for pertussis
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough

21. Diastat rectal diazepam gel

22. Assessment of a patient with suspected epiglottitis
Small bowel biopsy
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
They are people - need a balance of limits and independence
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film

23. How is mononucleosis diagnosed
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks

24. Pathophysiology related to Head Trauma
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
3 years
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant

25. Assess the cause of enuresis
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
Between 6-12 months
<25 yrs old
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders

26. When does the surgery to correct hypospadias usually occur?
2 years
Between 6-12 months
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis

27. At 6-24 months - head circumference is what size in relationship to chest circumference
6 months
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
Equal to

28. What is enuresis?
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night

29. What is the cause of mononucleosis and its method of transmission?
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
Small bowel biopsy
Abdominal ultrasound - Upper GI
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact

30. Complications related to varicella
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
School age

31. What can promote dryness in a child with enuresis?
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income
double birth weight
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void

32. What are the side effects of depakote?
fever and infection
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale

33. Lead screening should begin. at ..
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor
9 months
2 years

34. During an abdominal assessment when should auscultation occur
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs

35. Treatment of Meningitis

36. Two important assessment rules related to coarctation of the aorta?
from head to toe
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver

37. What occurs in a subacute baterial endocarditis?
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness

38. At what age is a length board required?
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support
0-24 months

39. Asthma inhaler - what can be done to decrease risk of thrush
BMI chart
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping

40. Causes of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection

41. What is Pyloric stenosis?
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
fecal soiling
1-6 months

42. Pathophysiology of a fever and infection with sickle cell disease
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old

43. Which growth chart is appropriate for use - Growth for the young child who is measured laying down?
Length Chart
MVA - bike accidents and falls
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml

44. S/SX of Hirschsprungs
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night
36 months
Chronic constipation - ribbon-like foul smelling stools - chronic abdominal distention
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis

45. Treatment for Hirschsprungs
E. Coli
Airborne and contact
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas
double birth weight

46. What has the HIB vaccine been successful in reducing?
20 inches
3 years
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER

47. How does pertussis present?
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers
1-6 months
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
Time and discription of seizure

48. What are development considerations for hemophilia?
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance

49. Signs and Symptoms of Asthma
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus

50. Leading cause of head injury
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)
trunk
Viral---Varicella or influenza
MVA - bike accidents and falls