Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Side effects of benzodiazepines
drooling
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy
Between 6-12 months
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption

2. What is Cystic Fibrosis?
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration

3. Asthma inhaler - what can be done to decrease risk of thrush
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
fever and infection

4. Why is early diagnosis important w. Reye's Syndrome?
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills

5. Steatorrhea
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
Excessive stool fat
head

6. Varicella communicable
10 years
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema

7. Pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes

8. 2 factors that determine birth weight
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
maternal nutrition and genetics
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis

9. Pathophysiology of Chronic Asthma
Barium enema
Equal to
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities

10. Another name for Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
fever and infection
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old

11. What can promote dryness in a child with enuresis?
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day

12. Sickle Cell Disease
13 years
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
Growth spurt
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin

13. Sequence of resp distress
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure

14. How many meals and snacks should a 1-3 yr old have in a day 3 meals
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
Excessive stool fat
2 snacks
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus

15. Two examples of benzodiazepines
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection
diazepam - lorazapam
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities

16. Complications of meningitis
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills
< 1
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities

17. Part of the body that grows the fastest in the toddler-preschool age
trunk
12-24 days
from trunk to extremities
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor

18. What is the cause of mononucleosis and its method of transmission?
Liver Biopsy
Triple
13 years
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact

19. Diet for CF patients
from trunk to extremities
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food

20. Teaching for Mononucleosis
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact

21. S/SX of Hirschsprungs
Chronic constipation - ribbon-like foul smelling stools - chronic abdominal distention
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels

22. Two important assessment rules related to coarctation of the aorta?
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support
Length Chart

23. What are the S/SX of bleeds in hemophilia?
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
Bulb Suction - Chest PT - Small frequent feedings - signs of dehydration
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx

24. Part of body that grows the fastest in infancy
drooling
head
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
Barium enema

25. What confirms a positive TB infection?
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test

26. Teaching for Croup
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages
Equal to
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress
Mid puberty

27. What are the symptoms of pancreatic involvement in Cystic Fibrosis?
larger
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
Equal to
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides

28. Pertussis?
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
BMI chart
36 months
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)

29. What is Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
drooling
20 inches
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated

30. Neonatal Jaundice
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system
Erythroblastosis Fetalis

31. How many days after birth do bilirubin levels return to normal limits?
20 inches
12-24 days
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test

32. Normal Bilirubin
< 1
10 inches
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection
gum hypertrophy

33. Considerations should be taken when treating a child with cystic fibrosis who has a ___________ tx promptly since bacterial colonization increases destruction of lung tissue----prevention is key
9 months
fever and infection
double birth weight
13 years

34. Diet for a child with glumerlonephritis
trunk - gonads and associative tissue
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
larger

35. Signs and Symptoms of Hemolytic Disease of the newborn
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days

36. Linear growth event happens in Adolescents
Growth spurt
fever and infection
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)

37. Clinicla manifestations of sickle cell disease
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
Mid puberty
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis

38. Pancreatic enzyme therapy for cystic fibrosis is adjusted based on what factors growth and development?
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
drooling
Previous history of life threatening reaction - Mod-severe illness w/wo fever
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting

39. Age of children at half their adult height
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
2 years
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds
20 inches

40. What is physiologic Jaundice?
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus
drooling
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces

41. Diagnose Reye's Syndrome
Liver Biopsy
maternal nutrition and genetics
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
gum hypertrophy

42. What is the treatment for epiglottitis?
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days
3 years
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection
4 years

43. What is Pyloric stenosis?
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress
20 inches
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides

44. Screening for overweight or underweight child on chart
No - it can only be controlled
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy
BMI chart
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated

45. S/sx of GERD
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting
Previous history of life threatening reaction - Mod-severe illness w/wo fever

46. Treatment for Hirschsprungs
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx

47. 3 main causes of Bacterial meningitis in children
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
MVA - bike accidents and falls
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting

48. Hourly maintenance Fluid Requirements
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
9 months
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support

49. What is used to diagnose GER?
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
85-95%
Mid puberty

50. Side effects of dilatin hirsuitism (body hair)
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
gum hypertrophy
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis
12-24 days