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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Part of the body that grows the fastest in the toddler-preschool age
2.5 inches
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
trunk

2. Encoperesis
Salicylates
fecal soiling
Barium enema
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis

3. Cephalocaudal
from head to toe
Less than 120 f.
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress

4. BMI-@ risk for overweight
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
Length board standiometer
85-95%
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia

5. Key nursing intervention for subacute bacterial endocarditis
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale
Equal to

6. Pathophysiology of a fever and infection with sickle cell disease
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old

7. Treatment of celiac disease
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system

8. Define Proximodistal
from trunk to extremities
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
Triple

9. Nursing care for a child with Reye's Syndrome
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI

10. Hypospadias
Length board standiometer
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis

11. Etiology of GERD
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
Less than 120 f.
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)

12. What promotes unsickling of RBC's?
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income
trunk - gonads and associative tissue

13. Leading cause of acquired heart disease in children
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
20 inches

14. Why is early diagnosis important w. Reye's Syndrome?
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy

15. Signs and Symptoms of Hemolytic Disease of the newborn
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor

16. Two examples of benzodiazepines
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus
diazepam - lorazapam
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days

17. What are the side effects of depakote?
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks

18. Complications of acute otitis media
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
Length board standiometer

19. Rheumatic Fever
Length board standiometer
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections

20. Side effects of benzodiazepines
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
<25 yrs old
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
drooling

21. Pathophysiology of celiac disease
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas
1-6 months
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage

22. Viral Meningitis
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility

23. Leading cause of head injury
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
Mid puberty
MVA - bike accidents and falls
36 months

24. At 6-24 months - head circumference is what size in relationship to chest circumference
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void
Equal to
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis

25. Teaching for Mononucleosis
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications
9 months
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium

26. Signs and Symptoms of Asthma
MVA - bike accidents and falls
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing

27. What is broncho-pulmonary dysplasia?
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor
trunk
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis

28. Pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function

29. What is heart failure?
Low fiber - high calorie and protein
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
5 inches

30. 3 main causes of Bacterial meningitis in children
10 years
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides

31. Clinicla manifestations of sickle cell disease
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
5ml/dl
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op

32. Treatment of Kawasaki disease
<25 yrs old
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy

33. Diet for CF patients
Small bowel biopsy
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
1-6 months

34. Age that birth length doubles
4 years
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy

35. How many days after birth do bilirubin levels return to normal limits?
No - it can only be controlled
Barium enema
used for prolonged sz's
12-24 days

36. During an abdominal assessment when should auscultation occur
< 5%
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
Excessive stool fat

37. Can Asthma be cured?
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
No - it can only be controlled

38. Reyes Syndrome
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine
5ml/dl
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance

39. Treatment of a bleed in hemophilia
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER

40. RSV contagious for ...
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
up to 14 days

41. Temp of home water heater to avoid burns
Less than 120 f.
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact
Day 3 of life
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant

42. Age of children at half their adult height
fever and infection
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
Previous history of life threatening reaction - Mod-severe illness w/wo fever
2 years

43. What is enuresis?
none
Chronic constipation - ribbon-like foul smelling stools - chronic abdominal distention
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night

44. Males Reproductive issues for CF patients
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough

45. Define Magical thinking

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46. Growth spurt for adolescent boys
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
Mid puberty

47. Sickle Cell Disease
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice
older preschool age and young school age-believe that they have caused an event such as a sibling's illness or hospitalization is a form of punishment
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
Less than 120 f.

48. treatment of hemolytic disease of the newborn
12-24 days
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium

49. Nursing care of the infant with pyloric stenosis
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages

50. Treatment for Hirschsprungs
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
9 months
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills

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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

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