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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Nursing interventions for hemophilia
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time

2. Bilirubin encephalopathy
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
Between 6-12 months
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration

3. Sickle Cell Disease
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
Salicylates
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
12-24 days

4. Hirschsprung's Disease
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact

5. Pathophysiology of Chronic Asthma
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth

6. Side effects of dilatin hirsuitism (body hair)
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects
6 months
gum hypertrophy

7. What is epiglottitis?
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy

8. Reyes Syndrome
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
3 years
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance

9. Bronchiolitis
12 years
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia

10. What occurs in a subacute baterial endocarditis?
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart
10 years
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days

11. What Component of Aspirin cause's Reye's Syndrome?
Salicylates
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting

12. Lead screening should begin. at ..
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine
from trunk to extremities
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food
9 months

13. What is used to diagnose pyloric stenosis?
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting
Abdominal ultrasound - Upper GI
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US

14. Temp of home water heater to avoid burns
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping
Less than 120 f.
2.5 inches
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting

15. Another name for Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology

16. Cephalocaudal
from head to toe
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
Previous history of life threatening reaction - Mod-severe illness w/wo fever

17. difference btwn GER and GERD
E. Coli
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER

18. first tooth
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills
Less than 120 f.
6 months
up to 14 days

19. What is Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
larger
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress

20. Nursing care for a child with Reye's Syndrome
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects
<25 yrs old
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old

21. Term infant --Bilirubin peaks at what day of life
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart
Day 3 of life
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis

22. Precaustions needed for pt's with varicella
double birth weight
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
Airborne and contact

23. Assess the cause of enuresis
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
0-24 months
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy
Small bowel biopsy

24. What promotes unsickling of RBC's?
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis

25. Treatment and nursing care for pertussis
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
Liver Biopsy
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
5 inches

26. How does pertussis present?
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
Mid puberty
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food

27. Celiac Disease
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat
No - it can only be controlled
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
trunk

28. Teaching for Mononucleosis
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress

29. Treatment of celiac disease
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation
Liver Biopsy
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion
Previous history of life threatening reaction - Mod-severe illness w/wo fever

30. Treatment for Varicella
10 years
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)

31. Leading cause of acquired heart disease in children
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages
BMI chart
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage

32. Males Reproductive issues for CF patients
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
used for prolonged sz's

33. At what age is a stadiometer required to measure linear growth?
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications
36 months
10 inches
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection

34. What are major risk factors for neonatal meningitis?
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP

35. Signs and Symptoms of intussusception
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology

36. Normal Bilirubin
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing
< 1
13 years

37. What is used to diagnose GER?
Bulb Suction - Chest PT - Small frequent feedings - signs of dehydration
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor

38. What is Cystic Fibrosis?
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
Growth spurt
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)

39. Pancreatic enzyme therapy for cystic fibrosis is adjusted based on what factors growth and development?
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day

40. How many meals and snacks should a 1-3 yr old have in a day 3 meals
12 years
2 snacks
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
Airborne and contact

41. Nursing care for Cystic Fibrosis
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility

42. RSV contagious for ...
13 years
up to 14 days
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics
0-24 months

43. What should be done to minimize the risks of Sudden infant death syndrome?
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant
4 years
Triple
< 5%

44. 3 main causes of Bacterial meningitis in children
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing

45. Average Birth Length
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
double birth weight
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
20 inches

46. S/Sx of pyloric stenosis
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
20 inches

47. Diet for CF patients
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support
Small bowel biopsy

48. Etiology of GERD
BMI chart
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
maternal nutrition and genetics

49. At 6-24 months - head circumference is what size in relationship to chest circumference
fecal soiling
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
Equal to

50. Rheumatic Fever
E. Coli
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections

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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

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