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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. At 6-24 months - head circumference is what size in relationship to chest circumference
used for prolonged sz's
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
Previous history of life threatening reaction - Mod-severe illness w/wo fever
Equal to

2. Incubation period for TB
1-6 months
maternal nutrition and genetics
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)

3. What is broncho-pulmonary dysplasia?
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
used for prolonged sz's
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks

4. Nursing care for Cystic Fibrosis
10 years
5ml/dl
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months

5. Etiology of GERD
6 months
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis

6. How is mononucleosis diagnosed
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
used for prolonged sz's
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms

7. At birth - head circumference is ____ compared to chest circumference
2 years
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
larger
13 years

8. Screening for overweight or underweight child on chart
BMI chart
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation
2 years
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor

9. What should be used for feeding a child during the post operative period following cleft palate surgery?
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food
4 years
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus

10. At what age is a length board required?
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures
0-24 months
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support

11. 3 symptoms of coarctation of the aorta
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
birth-36 months
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)

12. S/Sx of pyloric stenosis
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections

13. Signs of increased ICP
drooling
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI

14. Growth spurt for adolescent boys
Mid puberty
MVA - bike accidents and falls
1-6 months
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI

15. What are major risk factors for neonatal meningitis?
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections
85-95%
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes

16. Two examples of benzodiazepines
diazepam - lorazapam
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine

17. Signs and symptoms of tuberculosis
12-24 days
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia

18. Average Birth Length
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis
20 inches
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption

19. Asthma
Between 6-12 months
4 years
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures

20. Can Asthma be cured?
>95%
No - it can only be controlled
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels

21. Diastat rectal diazepam gel

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22. Why is early diagnosis important w. Reye's Syndrome?
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
0-24 months
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
2 snacks

23. Pathophysiology of hirschsprung's disease
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms

24. Part of body that grows the fastest in infancy
head
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure
Group B Streptococcus
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)

25. How many days after birth do bilirubin levels return to normal limits?
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation
12-24 days

26. What is the treatment for epiglottitis?
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
4 years

27. What is an acute otitis media?
inflammation located in the middle ear
2.5 inches
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs

28. Pathophysiology related to Head Trauma
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx

29. Diet for CF patients
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures
Length Chart

30. Age range that is appropriate to use a length chart
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces
birth-36 months
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER
10 inches

31. treatment of hemolytic disease of the newborn
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage

32. Childs weight at 6 months compared to birth weight
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress
double birth weight
head
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities

33. What is used to diagnose GER?
>95%
85-95%
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor

34. Head circumference should be assessed until what age
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
3 years
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
20 inches

35. Contraindications to all vaccines
Previous history of life threatening reaction - Mod-severe illness w/wo fever
inflammation located in the middle ear
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea

36. Signs and Symptoms of intussusception
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart

37. What is the rate of growth each year from 3 yrs until puberty?
< 1
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver
2.5 inches
double birth weight

38. Most cases of Reye's Syndrome follows what type of illness?
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects
Viral---Varicella or influenza
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing

39. Average rate of growth for the 2nd year of lif
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
Growth spurt
5 inches

40. GER (gastroesophageal reflux)
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
fecal soiling
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated

41. Complications of meningitis
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
Length Chart
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness

42. What is heart failure?
5ml/dl
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection
E. Coli

43. Causes of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Less than 120 f.
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance

44. Term infant --Bilirubin peaks at what day of life
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
Day 3 of life
ABC's - suction secretions - provide O2 - turn on side - no restraints or objects in the mouth
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin

45. Normal presentation of cystic fibrosis
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks

46. Treatment for sickle cell disease
E. Coli
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
85-95%

47. Risk factors of tuberculosis
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers

48. Sickle Cell Disease
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin

49. BMI-@ risk for overweight
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale
85-95%
Excessive stool fat

50. What Pharmalogical measures can be used to treat GERD?
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
BMI chart
birth-36 months
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis

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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

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