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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Pathophysiology of celiac disease
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
Excessive stool fat
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair

2. What are the four main causes of viral croup?
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia

3. Hourly maintenance Fluid Requirements
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system
5ml/dl
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver

4. S/sx of GERD
Equal to
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis

5. signs and symptoms of meningitis in older children
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
Length Chart
>95%

6. Pathophysiology of a fever and infection with sickle cell disease
Length board standiometer
Time and discription of seizure
maternal nutrition and genetics
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old

7. Pathophysiology related to Head Trauma
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation

8. Can Asthma be cured?
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine
No - it can only be controlled

9. How many meals and snacks should a 1-3 yr old have in a day 3 meals
2 snacks
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
drooling
0-24 months

10. Treatment of Kawasaki disease
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy
Abdominal ultrasound - Upper GI
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening

11. Age that birth length doubles
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
4 years
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor

12. Signs of heart failure
<25 yrs old
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema

13. Considerations should be taken when treating a child with cystic fibrosis who has a ___________ tx promptly since bacterial colonization increases destruction of lung tissue----prevention is key
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
fever and infection
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
E. Coli

14. Nursing care for a child with Reye's Syndrome
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)

15. 3 main causes of Bacterial meningitis in children
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night
2 years
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides

16. Signs and symptoms of varicella Prodromal
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages
Growth spurt

17. Asthma
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
none

18. What is the treatment for epiglottitis?
Between 6-12 months
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days

19. Signs and Symptoms of Hemolytic Disease of the newborn
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds
Chronic constipation - ribbon-like foul smelling stools - chronic abdominal distention
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days

20. When does the surgery to correct hypospadias usually occur?
Between 6-12 months
trunk - gonads and associative tissue
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale

21. What is the cause of mononucleosis and its method of transmission?
3 years
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
Between 6-12 months

22. Why avoid circumcision in a baby with hypospadias?
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
Abdominal ultrasound - Upper GI
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair

23. What is physiologic Jaundice?
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
Barium enema

24. treatment of hemolytic disease of the newborn
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
Bulb Suction - Chest PT - Small frequent feedings - signs of dehydration
MVA - bike accidents and falls
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion

25. Where does the adolescent experience rapid growth?
trunk - gonads and associative tissue
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications
Bulb Suction - Chest PT - Small frequent feedings - signs of dehydration

26. Prevention of infection in Sickle Cell Disease
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
Liver Biopsy
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms

27. At what age is a stadiometer required to measure linear growth?
Between 6-12 months
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation
36 months

28. Reyes Syndrome
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection

29. What should a child's wt be at 1 yr compared to birth weight?
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
Triple

30. Nursing care of the infant with pyloric stenosis
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
2.5 inches
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days

31. Diastat rectal diazepam gel

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32. Predisposing factors to subacute bacterial endocarditis
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections
Viral---Varicella or influenza
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress

33. Part of the body that grows the fastest in the toddler-preschool age
3 years
trunk
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure

34. Cephalocaudal
from head to toe
birth-36 months
drooling
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption

35. Clinical signs of infection wilth sickle cell disease
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
Mid puberty
2 years

36. What is Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI
double birth weight
Equal to

37. first tooth
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
6 months
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen

38. What is heart failure?
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
maternal nutrition and genetics

39. Age range that is appropriate to use a length chart
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
birth-36 months
Barium enema
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes

40. Teaching for Mononucleosis
Airborne and contact
Length Chart
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP

41. Etiology of GERD
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
4 years

42. How many days after birth do bilirubin levels return to normal limits?
Bulb Suction - Chest PT - Small frequent feedings - signs of dehydration
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
12-24 days

43. treatment of intussusception
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications

44. What promotes unsickling of RBC's?
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects
Salicylates
School age
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration

45. Assess the cause of enuresis
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night

46. Signs and Symptoms that indicate and adverse reaction to a vaccine
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure

47. Signs of increased ICP
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
Small bowel biopsy
36 months

48. What should be used for feeding a child during the post operative period following cleft palate surgery?
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
Excessive stool fat

49. What Component of Aspirin cause's Reye's Syndrome?
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
Salicylates
older preschool age and young school age-believe that they have caused an event such as a sibling's illness or hospitalization is a form of punishment
<25 yrs old

50. Lead screening should begin. at ..
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
5ml/dl
9 months