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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What promotes unsickling of RBC's?
MVA - bike accidents and falls
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
36 months
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration

2. Signs and Symptoms that indicate and adverse reaction to a vaccine
Barium enema
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
none

3. Nursing care for Cystic Fibrosis
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support

4. Peak flow meter
fecal soiling
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart

5. Main cause of urinary tract infections
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
E. Coli

6. What are the four main causes of viral croup?
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system

7. Nursing care for Kawasaki Disease
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income
85-95%
<25 yrs old
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks

8. What is the cause of mononucleosis and its method of transmission?
>95%
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact
20 inches

9. Age that birth length doubles
4 years
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart

10. Post Op treatment of a VP shunt
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing

11. Signs and Symptoms of Hemolytic Disease of the newborn
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes

12. Age group the limbs grow the fastest
School age
>95%
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
Viral---Varicella or influenza

13. Clinicla manifestations of sickle cell disease
85-95%
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver

14. Common Asthma irritants
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)

15. Bilirubin encephalopathy
9 months
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
Less than 120 f.
inflammation located in the middle ear

16. Non-pharmalogical measures to treat GER
Excessive stool fat
5ml/dl
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping
Chronic constipation - ribbon-like foul smelling stools - chronic abdominal distention

17. Females reproductive issues for CF patients
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen

18. Normal presentation of cystic fibrosis
Viral---Varicella or influenza
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)

19. What are major risk factors for neonatal meningitis?
Viral---Varicella or influenza
School age
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes

20. Signs of increased ICP
none
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin

21. Signs of heart failure
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
none
gum hypertrophy
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema

22. Cause of bronchiolitis
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus

23. What are the S/SX of bleeds in hemophilia?
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening

24. What is the treatment for epiglottitis?
trunk
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing
maternal nutrition and genetics
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days

25. Nursing interventions for hemophilia
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
2.5 inches

26. Signs and Symptoms of Bilirubin Kernicterus (encephalopathy)
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
Barium enema
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting

27. Puberty for boys
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
12 years

28. Sequence of resp distress
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping
Length board standiometer

29. Pancreatic enzyme therapy for cystic fibrosis is adjusted based on what factors growth and development?
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days

30. When does the surgery to correct hypospadias usually occur?
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress
3 years
Between 6-12 months

31. What foods are prohibited for a person with Celiac Disease?
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills

32. Age group affected by mononucleosis
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
<25 yrs old
They are people - need a balance of limits and independence

33. Teaching for RSV
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
Bulb Suction - Chest PT - Small frequent feedings - signs of dehydration

34. Signs and symptoms of tuberculosis
Length Chart
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills
36 months

35. Why is early diagnosis important w. Reye's Syndrome?
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen

36. Why avoid circumcision in a baby with hypospadias?
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine
No - it can only be controlled
>95%
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair

37. difference btwn GER and GERD
used for prolonged sz's
School age
Liver Biopsy
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER

38. Causes of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
12 years
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds

39. Growth spurt for adolescent boys
Mid puberty
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale
maternal nutrition and genetics

40. What has the HIB vaccine been successful in reducing?
6 months
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens

41. Diet for CF patients
inflammation located in the middle ear
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food

42. Age range that is appropriate to use a length chart
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
birth-36 months
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes

43. Treatment for Hirschsprungs
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
<25 yrs old
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy

44. Signs and symptoms of varicella Prodromal
Equal to
double birth weight
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages

45. What is broncho-pulmonary dysplasia?
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis

46. What is Pyloric stenosis?
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day

47. Pathophysiology of Chronic Asthma
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers
2.5 inches
fecal soiling
from head to toe

48. Pathophysiology related to Head Trauma
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities

49. Pathophysiology of celiac disease
diazepam - lorazapam
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
Viral---Varicella or influenza

50. At birth - head circumference is ____ compared to chest circumference
5 inches
5ml/dl
larger
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis