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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Leading cause of acquired heart disease in children
< 1
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
Group B Streptococcus

2. Viral Meningitis
Low fiber - high calorie and protein
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus

3. Predisposing factors to subacute bacterial endocarditis
maternal nutrition and genetics
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive
6 months
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections

4. What are the side effects of depakote?
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy

5. Males Reproductive issues for CF patients
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
Length board standiometer
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration

6. treatment of intussusception
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting

7. difference btwn GER and GERD
Between 6-12 months
E. Coli
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis

8. Sequence of resp distress
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture

9. Nursing care of patient with Meningitis
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics

10. Steatorrhea
Excessive stool fat
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
10 inches

11. Diet for a child with glumerlonephritis
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress

12. Normal presentation of cystic fibrosis
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
Mid puberty
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx

13. BMI- overweight
double birth weight
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress
>95%

14. Treatment of celiac disease
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation
10 inches
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces

15. Signs of increased ICP
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food

16. What are major risk factors for neonatal meningitis?
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
1-6 months
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing

17. Characteristics of the RBC's in sickle cell

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18. Pathophysiology of hirschsprung's disease
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis

19. Nursing care for Cystic Fibrosis
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)

20. Pathophysiology of celiac disease
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting
Time and discription of seizure
Low fiber - high calorie and protein
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption

21. Diagnose Intussusception by
up to 14 days
4 years
Barium enema
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film

22. treatment of hemolytic disease of the newborn
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion
trunk - gonads and associative tissue
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture
5 inches

23. What are the four main causes of viral croup?
20 inches
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia
5ml/dl

24. Another name for Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy
Erythroblastosis Fetalis

25. Main cause of urinary tract infections
E. Coli
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis
2.5 inches

26. Nursing care of the infant with pyloric stenosis
Low fiber - high calorie and protein
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
9 months

27. Prevention of infection in Sickle Cell Disease
School age
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)
Salicylates

28. Treatment for Hirschsprungs
20 inches
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER

29. At what age is a stadiometer required to measure linear growth?
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
Length Chart
36 months

30. Linear growth event happens in Adolescents
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
Bulb Suction - Chest PT - Small frequent feedings - signs of dehydration
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms
Growth spurt

31. Hourly maintenance Fluid Requirements
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
2 snacks
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities

32. Side effects of dilatin hirsuitism (body hair)
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping
Less than 120 f.
gum hypertrophy
ABC's - suction secretions - provide O2 - turn on side - no restraints or objects in the mouth

33. How many days after birth do bilirubin levels return to normal limits?
12-24 days
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
none

34. Signs and Symptoms of Hemolytic Disease of the newborn
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things
4 years

35. What Pharmalogical measures can be used to treat GERD?
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
maternal nutrition and genetics
36 months
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis

36. S/Sx of pyloric stenosis
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis

37. Side effects of benzodiazepines
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
drooling
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine
5ml/dl

38. Signs and symptoms of varicella Prodromal
Chronic constipation - ribbon-like foul smelling stools - chronic abdominal distention
13 years
inflammation located in the middle ear
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages

39. Causes of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration
Chronic constipation - ribbon-like foul smelling stools - chronic abdominal distention
<25 yrs old
fever and infection

40. Signs and symptoms of Reye's Syndrome
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
Equal to

41. Signs of heart failure
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema

42. Common Asthma irritants
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing
1-6 months
Time and discription of seizure

43. Complications of acute otitis media
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
Bulb Suction - Chest PT - Small frequent feedings - signs of dehydration
12 years

44. What level does the bilirubin need to be at in order for jaundice to occur?
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
5ml/dl
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
4 years

45. Lead screening should begin. at ..
9 months
Small bowel biopsy
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus

46. What can promote dryness in a child with enuresis?
< 1
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months

47. Treatment for Varicella
5 inches
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death

48. Kawasaki Disease
birth-36 months
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen

49. How does pertussis present?
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
Bulb Suction - Chest PT - Small frequent feedings - signs of dehydration
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections

50. What is Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy
Small bowel biopsy
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
Low fiber - high calorie and protein