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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Nursing interventions for hemophilia
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds

2. ABG
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine
maternal nutrition and genetics
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance

3. signs and symptoms of meningitis in older children
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
School age
10 inches

4. Side effects of benzodiazepines
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant
drooling
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
maternal nutrition and genetics

5. What are the symptoms of pancreatic involvement in Cystic Fibrosis?
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
< 1
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy

6. Considerations should be taken when treating a child with cystic fibrosis who has a ___________ tx promptly since bacterial colonization increases destruction of lung tissue----prevention is key
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
fever and infection
Bulb Suction - Chest PT - Small frequent feedings - signs of dehydration

7. Diet for Hirschsprung's prior to corrction and treatment
Low fiber - high calorie and protein
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
Triple
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema

8. Treatment for sickle cell disease
Triple
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis

9. What level does the bilirubin need to be at in order for jaundice to occur?
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds
5ml/dl
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage

10. What is the treatment for epiglottitis?
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days
older preschool age and young school age-believe that they have caused an event such as a sibling's illness or hospitalization is a form of punishment
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food

11. difference btwn GER and GERD
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor

12. Age range that is appropriate to use a length chart
head
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
12 years
birth-36 months

13. Celiac Disease
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces
E. Coli

14. Pathophysiology of a fever and infection with sickle cell disease
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
13 years

15. RSV contagious for ...
ABC's - suction secretions - provide O2 - turn on side - no restraints or objects in the mouth
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
up to 14 days

16. Complications of acute otitis media
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion
Time and discription of seizure
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis

17. Kawasaki Disease
Previous history of life threatening reaction - Mod-severe illness w/wo fever
fever and infection
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy

18. Signs and symptoms of tuberculosis
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat

19. Pertussis?
5 inches
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection

20. Bilirubin encephalopathy
Barium enema
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death
20 inches

21. Causes of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
head
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks

22. Two examples of benzodiazepines
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
Chronic constipation - ribbon-like foul smelling stools - chronic abdominal distention
2 snacks
diazepam - lorazapam

23. What has the HIB vaccine been successful in reducing?
Time and discription of seizure
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis
birth-36 months
Mid puberty

24. Hourly maintenance Fluid Requirements
head
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
trunk
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations

25. Puberty for boys
12 years
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
Excessive stool fat
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth

26. How many meals and snacks should a 1-3 yr old have in a day 3 meals
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
2 snacks

27. Females reproductive issues for CF patients
20 inches
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night

28. S/SX of Hirschsprungs
9 months
Chronic constipation - ribbon-like foul smelling stools - chronic abdominal distention
Equal to
used for prolonged sz's

29. Hirschsprung's Disease
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
Salicylates

30. Leading cause of acquired heart disease in children
36 months
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
drooling
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills

31. How is mononucleosis diagnosed
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
Chronic constipation - ribbon-like foul smelling stools - chronic abdominal distention
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects

32. Diet for CF patients
<25 yrs old
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash

33. What Component of Aspirin cause's Reye's Syndrome?
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus
Salicylates
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing
Viral---Varicella or influenza

34. Asthma
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
0-24 months
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
older preschool age and young school age-believe that they have caused an event such as a sibling's illness or hospitalization is a form of punishment

35. Treatment and nursing care for pertussis
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)
Length Chart

36. Pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache

37. Cephalocaudal
from head to toe
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus

38. Pathophysiology of Chronic Asthma
5ml/dl
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers
<25 yrs old

39. Average rate of growth for the 1st year
< 1
10 inches
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
Viral---Varicella or influenza

40. What should a child's wt be at 1 yr compared to birth weight?
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion
Triple
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy

41. What is Pyloric stenosis?
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks
larger
Previous history of life threatening reaction - Mod-severe illness w/wo fever

42. Average Birth Length
head
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
20 inches

43. GER (gastroesophageal reflux)
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas
1-6 months
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US

44. What is an acute otitis media?
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
double birth weight
inflammation located in the middle ear

45. Clinicla manifestations of sickle cell disease
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
< 1

46. Viral Croup
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP

47. Which growth chart is appropriate for use - Growth for the young child who is measured laying down?
Length Chart
Triple
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
2 snacks

48. Neonatal Jaundice
Chronic constipation - ribbon-like foul smelling stools - chronic abdominal distention
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system
MVA - bike accidents and falls

49. Two important assessment rules related to coarctation of the aorta?
Triple
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection
none

50. Equipment used to measure a 24 to 36 month old height
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages
Triple
Length board standiometer