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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is broncho-pulmonary dysplasia?
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months

2. Lead screening should begin. at ..
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
9 months
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive

3. What is epiglottitis?
used for prolonged sz's
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening

4. Encoperesis
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair
fecal soiling
drooling
BMI chart

5. Age range that is appropriate to use a length chart
birth-36 months
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
No - it can only be controlled
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain

6. Incubation period for TB
1-6 months
10 inches
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing
12-24 days

7. Age group affected by mononucleosis
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis
Mid puberty
<25 yrs old
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film

8. Pathophysiology of hirschsprung's disease
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night
none

9. Signs and Symptoms of mononucleosis
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice
5 inches
10 years

10. Age of children at half their adult height
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor
1-6 months
2 years
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml

11. What can promote dryness in a child with enuresis?
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)
Length Chart

12. Predisposing factors to subacute bacterial endocarditis
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night
85-95%
3 years

13. Assessment of a patient with suspected epiglottitis
0-24 months
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film
6 months

14. Precaustions needed for pt's with varicella
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food
Airborne and contact
Barium enema
10 years

15. What confirms a positive TB infection?
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics
fecal soiling
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test

16. Normal presentation of cystic fibrosis
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection
12-24 days
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive

17. Nursing interventions for hemophilia
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale
Barium enema
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds

18. Contraindications to all vaccines
Liver Biopsy
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides
Previous history of life threatening reaction - Mod-severe illness w/wo fever
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis

19. Signs and Symptoms of Hemolytic Disease of the newborn
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks

20. signs and symptoms of meningitis in older children
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
drooling
Excessive stool fat
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities

21. Signs and Symptoms of Asthma
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis
birth-36 months
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)

22. At what age is a stadiometer required to measure linear growth?
36 months
9 months
inflammation located in the middle ear
Previous history of life threatening reaction - Mod-severe illness w/wo fever

23. Sickle Cell Disease
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash

24. Reyes Syndrome
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
Triple

25. Treatment and nursing care for pertussis
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
School age
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities

26. Treatment of Kawasaki disease
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
fever and infection
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks

27. Age that birth length doubles
12 years
4 years
Growth spurt
Small bowel biopsy

28. How is mononucleosis diagnosed
20 inches
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology

29. Linear growth event happens in Adolescents
double birth weight
12 years
Growth spurt
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains

30. Treatment for Varicella
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
School age
Airborne and contact
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture

31. Nursing care for a child with Reye's Syndrome
drooling
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
20 inches

32. Signs and symptoms of varicella Prodromal
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures
4 years
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages

33. Nursing care for child with seizure

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34. 2 factors that determine birth weight
Mid puberty
maternal nutrition and genetics
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)
5ml/dl

35. Teaching for RSV
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis
Bulb Suction - Chest PT - Small frequent feedings - signs of dehydration

36. 2 key factors to consider when caring for a preschooler
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks
They are people - need a balance of limits and independence
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus

37. Which growth chart is appropriate for use - Growth for the young child who is measured laying down?
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
Length Chart
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin

38. What Component of Aspirin cause's Reye's Syndrome?
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
Salicylates
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx

39. What should a child's wt be at 1 yr compared to birth weight?
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
Triple
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers

40. Peak flow meter
maternal nutrition and genetics
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale
drooling
12-24 days

41. Main cause of urinary tract infections
E. Coli
2 years
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
2.5 inches

42. Clinical signs of infection wilth sickle cell disease
Group B Streptococcus
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds

43. Signs and Symptoms of Bilirubin Kernicterus (encephalopathy)
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection

44. What occurs in a subacute baterial endocarditis?
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
Rinse mouth and brush teeth

45. RSV contagious for ...
Time and discription of seizure
up to 14 days
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine

46. Asthma
Growth spurt
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
trunk - gonads and associative tissue
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces

47. Bronchiolitis
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
Length board standiometer
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection

48. Signs and Symptoms that indicate and adverse reaction to a vaccine
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
85-95%
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia

49. Treatment for sickle cell disease
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
Group B Streptococcus
6 months

50. What are development considerations for hemophilia?
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant
gum hypertrophy
inflammation located in the middle ear

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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

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