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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Clinicla manifestations of sickle cell disease
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis
BMI chart
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP

2. Define Magical thinking

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3. Leading cause of head injury
1-6 months
Abdominal ultrasound - Upper GI
MVA - bike accidents and falls
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens

4. Rheumatic Fever
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
Bulb Suction - Chest PT - Small frequent feedings - signs of dehydration
Less than 120 f.

5. Signs and Symptoms of Hemolytic Disease of the newborn
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides

6. S/sx of GERD
Bulb Suction - Chest PT - Small frequent feedings - signs of dehydration
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart

7. Pathophysiology related to Head Trauma
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
Growth spurt
Between 6-12 months
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated

8. Hirschsprung's Disease
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities

9. Pathophysiology of celiac disease
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing
ABC's - suction secretions - provide O2 - turn on side - no restraints or objects in the mouth
Bulb Suction - Chest PT - Small frequent feedings - signs of dehydration
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption

10. What promotes unsickling of RBC's?
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation
inflammation located in the middle ear
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening

11. Signs and symptoms of tuberculosis
Viral---Varicella or influenza
12 years
diazepam - lorazapam
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills

12. What is physiologic Jaundice?
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis
used for prolonged sz's
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects

13. Leading cause of bacterial meningitis in Neonates
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
< 5%
Group B Streptococcus
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections

14. Cause of bronchiolitis
5ml/dl
BMI chart
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus
Rinse mouth and brush teeth

15. Males Reproductive issues for CF patients
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
13 years
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months

16. Prevention of bronchiolitis spreading
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
from head to toe
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing

17. Signs of heart failure
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
2.5 inches

18. Clinical signs of infection wilth sickle cell disease
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
1-6 months
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks

19. Sickle Cell Disease
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER

20. 2 key factors to consider when caring for a preschooler
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine
Liver Biopsy
They are people - need a balance of limits and independence
< 5%

21. Reyes Syndrome
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
1-6 months
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications

22. Pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film

23. Encoperesis
fecal soiling
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens

24. Why is early diagnosis important w. Reye's Syndrome?
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation
< 1
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy

25. What are major risk factors for neonatal meningitis?
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes
20 inches

26. Leading cause of acquired heart disease in children
Length Chart
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
birth-36 months

27. ABG
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces
Excessive stool fat
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas

28. signs and symptoms of meningitis in older children
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy
Length Chart

29. During an abdominal assessment when should auscultation occur
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting
inflammation located in the middle ear
Low fiber - high calorie and protein

30. Equipment used to measure a 24 to 36 month old height
Length board standiometer
used for prolonged sz's
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection

31. Term infant --Bilirubin peaks at what day of life
Day 3 of life
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void
1-6 months
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache

32. Side effects of dilatin hirsuitism (body hair)
gum hypertrophy
2 snacks
Equal to
>95%

33. Average age of breast development
10 years
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old

34. Age of children at half their adult height
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
2 years
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx

35. Treatment for mononucleosis
none
They are people - need a balance of limits and independence
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2

36. What is the rate of growth each year from 3 yrs until puberty?
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair
maternal nutrition and genetics
2.5 inches

37. Nursing care for Kawasaki Disease
head
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive

38. What should be done to minimize the risks of Sudden infant death syndrome?
They are people - need a balance of limits and independence
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat

39. What is an acute otitis media?
trunk
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
inflammation located in the middle ear
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old

40. Treatment for Varicella
Bulb Suction - Chest PT - Small frequent feedings - signs of dehydration
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)

41. What Component of Aspirin cause's Reye's Syndrome?
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas
inflammation located in the middle ear
Salicylates
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days

42. Signs and Symptoms of Asthma
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
used for prolonged sz's
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant

43. What is Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
2 snacks
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis

44. Define Proximodistal
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects
0-24 months
from trunk to extremities

45. When does the surgery to correct hypospadias usually occur?
double birth weight
Between 6-12 months
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
Mid puberty

46. Cephalocaudal
Less than 120 f.
<25 yrs old
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
from head to toe

47. Non-pharmalogical measures to treat GER
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration

48. Steatorrhea
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
0-24 months
5 inches
Excessive stool fat

49. GER (gastroesophageal reflux)
12-24 days
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time

50. Two examples of benzodiazepines
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI
diazepam - lorazapam

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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

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