Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. 3 symptoms of coarctation of the aorta
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death

2. Sequence of resp distress
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure

3. Teaching for RSV
Bulb Suction - Chest PT - Small frequent feedings - signs of dehydration
inflammation located in the middle ear
1-6 months
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds

4. What can promote dryness in a child with enuresis?
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film
Excessive stool fat

5. Pathophysiology of a fever and infection with sickle cell disease
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain

6. Hirschsprung's Disease
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea

7. At birth - head circumference is ____ compared to chest circumference
larger
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks
Growth spurt

8. Bilirubin encephalopathy
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis

9. Side effects of dilatin hirsuitism (body hair)
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis
2 years
gum hypertrophy
Rinse mouth and brush teeth

10. What is broncho-pulmonary dysplasia?
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
maternal nutrition and genetics
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days

11. Prevention of bronchiolitis spreading
13 years
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills
>95%
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing

12. What is the cause of mononucleosis and its method of transmission?
from trunk to extremities
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact
Day 3 of life

13. Signs and Symptoms of mononucleosis
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice
trunk - gonads and associative tissue
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant

14. What is enuresis?
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night
No - it can only be controlled
maternal nutrition and genetics
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml

15. Pathophysiology of celiac disease
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support
3 years
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers

16. Characteristics of the RBC's in sickle cell

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

17. What is used to diagnose pyloric stenosis?
E. Coli
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)
Abdominal ultrasound - Upper GI
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine

18. Predisposing factors to subacute bacterial endocarditis
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver
trunk
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection

19. Prevention of infection in Sickle Cell Disease
maternal nutrition and genetics
3 years
4 years
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)

20. Normal presentation of cystic fibrosis
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
6 months
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive

21. Temp of home water heater to avoid burns
>95%
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
ABC's - suction secretions - provide O2 - turn on side - no restraints or objects in the mouth
Less than 120 f.

22. Hypospadias
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures

23. Complications of meningitis
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin

24. Puberty for boys
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
12 years
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities

25. What are the four main causes of viral croup?
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER
Growth spurt
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia

26. Neonatal Jaundice
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system
5ml/dl
10 years
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting

27. Average age of menarche
Bulb Suction - Chest PT - Small frequent feedings - signs of dehydration
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
13 years
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility

28. Average rate of growth for the 1st year
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
Abdominal ultrasound - Upper GI
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
10 inches

29. What is an acute otitis media?
2.5 inches
inflammation located in the middle ear
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks

30. Common Asthma irritants
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
Liver Biopsy
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough

31. Main cause of urinary tract infections
larger
E. Coli
from head to toe
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old

32. Lead screening should begin. at ..
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes
9 months
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated

33. Childs weight at 6 months compared to birth weight
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
double birth weight
Day 3 of life

34. How is mononucleosis diagnosed
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology

35. 3 main causes of Bacterial meningitis in children
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
0-24 months
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides

36. GER (gastroesophageal reflux)
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes

37. Asthma
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2

38. What foods are prohibited for a person with Celiac Disease?
fever and infection
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
drooling
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs

39. Cephalocaudal
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
from head to toe
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks
10 years

40. What Component of Aspirin cause's Reye's Syndrome?
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat
Salicylates
Triple
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system

41. Key nursing intervention for subacute bacterial endocarditis
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
< 5%
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure

42. Celiac Disease
<25 yrs old
MVA - bike accidents and falls
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat

43. What are development considerations for hemophilia?
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant
Bulb Suction - Chest PT - Small frequent feedings - signs of dehydration
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old

44. 2 factors that determine birth weight
from head to toe
maternal nutrition and genetics
diazepam - lorazapam
fecal soiling

45. What interventions prevent urinary tract infections?
Day 3 of life
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
Low fiber - high calorie and protein
12 years

46. Asthma inhaler - what can be done to decrease risk of thrush
20 inches
Small bowel biopsy
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
Rinse mouth and brush teeth

47. Teaching for Croup
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress

48. Rheumatic Fever
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache

49. Viral Croup
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
head
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat

50. Focus of adolescent discipline
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache