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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Key nursing intervention for subacute bacterial endocarditis
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure
from head to toe
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death

2. At what age is a length board required?
0-24 months
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
double birth weight
Equal to

3. Equipment used to measure a 24 to 36 month old height
Length board standiometer
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks
36 months
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death

4. What promotes unsickling of RBC's?
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
drooling
Airborne and contact
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration

5. Hirschsprung's Disease
Abdominal ultrasound - Upper GI
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine
< 5%
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections

6. Childs weight at 6 months compared to birth weight
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system
up to 14 days
double birth weight
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis

7. BMI-@ risk for overweight
85-95%
6 months
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis

8. What should be used for feeding a child during the post operative period following cleft palate surgery?
13 years
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects

9. Viral Meningitis
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
Between 6-12 months
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus

10. Term infant --Bilirubin peaks at what day of life
Day 3 of life
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale

11. Normal Bilirubin
gum hypertrophy
Growth spurt
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
< 1

12. Age that birth length doubles
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
4 years
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml

13. Pathophysiology of celiac disease
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
gum hypertrophy
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection

14. Asthma
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia

15. 3 symptoms of coarctation of the aorta
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
10 years

16. Signs of increased ICP
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration

17. Signs of heart failure
< 5%
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus

18. Complications of acute otitis media
Low fiber - high calorie and protein
No - it can only be controlled
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis

19. Risk factors of tuberculosis
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
diazepam - lorazapam
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income

20. Post Op treatment of a VP shunt
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
MVA - bike accidents and falls
Excessive stool fat

21. GER (gastroesophageal reflux)
They are people - need a balance of limits and independence
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
E. Coli
Length board standiometer

22. Teaching for Mononucleosis
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures
older preschool age and young school age-believe that they have caused an event such as a sibling's illness or hospitalization is a form of punishment
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture

23. Leading cause of acquired heart disease in children
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
12-24 days
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology

24. Signs and Symptoms of Bilirubin Kernicterus (encephalopathy)
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures
Group B Streptococcus
1-6 months
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days

25. What should be done to minimize the risks of Sudden infant death syndrome?
Airborne and contact
Small bowel biopsy
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus

26. Which growth chart is appropriate for use - Growth for the young child who is measured laying down?
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
13 years
Length Chart

27. Teaching for RSV
< 1
Bulb Suction - Chest PT - Small frequent feedings - signs of dehydration
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
3 years

28. Bronchiolitis
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
0-24 months

29. What is Cystic Fibrosis?
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US

30. S/Sx of pyloric stenosis
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)
Barium enema
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas

31. RSV contagious for ...
up to 14 days
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
10 inches

32. Temp of home water heater to avoid burns
12 years
Less than 120 f.
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death

33. Signs and Symptoms of Celiac Disease
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
6 months
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair

34. Clinical signs of infection wilth sickle cell disease
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
Bulb Suction - Chest PT - Small frequent feedings - signs of dehydration
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy

35. What are the four main causes of viral croup?
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections

36. Precaustions needed for pt's with varicella
Airborne and contact
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
Length board standiometer

37. Basic defect in coarctation of the aorta
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis

38. What should a child's wt be at 1 yr compared to birth weight?
Triple
E. Coli
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive

39. Signs and symptoms of tuberculosis
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
1-6 months
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills

40. What Pharmalogical measures can be used to treat GERD?
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis
12-24 days
20 inches
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void

41. Lead screening should begin. at ..
9 months
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support
Low fiber - high calorie and protein

42. Females reproductive issues for CF patients
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
Mid puberty
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void

43. Celiac Disease
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat
4 years
Length board standiometer
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice

44. Rheumatic Fever
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens

45. Leading cause of head injury
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
MVA - bike accidents and falls
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
Airborne and contact

46. Treatment of a bleed in hemophilia
< 1
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis

47. What is the rate of growth each year from 3 yrs until puberty?
10 years
2.5 inches
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy

48. Sickle Cell Disease
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
diazepam - lorazapam
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin

49. Etiology of GERD
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days

50. 2 key factors to consider when caring for a preschooler
none
They are people - need a balance of limits and independence
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
36 months