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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Focus of adolescent discipline
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs

2. At 6-24 months - head circumference is what size in relationship to chest circumference
from head to toe
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
Equal to
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test

3. Diet for a child with glumerlonephritis
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt

4. 2 factors that determine birth weight
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
maternal nutrition and genetics
older preschool age and young school age-believe that they have caused an event such as a sibling's illness or hospitalization is a form of punishment
Between 6-12 months

5. Signs and Symptoms of Bilirubin Kernicterus (encephalopathy)
13 years
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months

6. Nursing care of the infant with pyloric stenosis
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op
Barium enema
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides

7. Diastat rectal diazepam gel

8. What are major risk factors for neonatal meningitis?
up to 14 days
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
Group B Streptococcus

9. Prevention of bronchiolitis spreading
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications

10. BMI-@ risk for overweight
85-95%
up to 14 days
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
3 years

11. Key nursing intervention for subacute bacterial endocarditis
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food

12. Pathophysiology related to Head Trauma
Salicylates
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
<25 yrs old
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping

13. What has the HIB vaccine been successful in reducing?
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis
2 snacks
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income

14. Asthma inhaler - what can be done to decrease risk of thrush
gum hypertrophy
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)

15. treatment of hemolytic disease of the newborn
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills

16. Pathophysiology of Chronic Asthma
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks

17. Age that birth length doubles
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes
10 inches
larger
4 years

18. Side effects of benzodiazepines
drooling
85-95%
4 years
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis

19. Average age of breast development
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
10 years

20. Where does the adolescent experience rapid growth?
trunk - gonads and associative tissue
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
Between 6-12 months

21. What is Cystic Fibrosis?
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant

22. Peak flow meter
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days

23. Main cause of urinary tract infections
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film
fecal soiling
E. Coli
fever and infection

24. Signs and Symptoms of Celiac Disease
Triple
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
Abdominal ultrasound - Upper GI

25. What are development considerations for hemophilia?
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy
inflammation located in the middle ear
Salicylates

26. Diet for Hirschsprung's prior to corrction and treatment
BMI chart
Low fiber - high calorie and protein
used for prolonged sz's
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth

27. Assessment of a patient with suspected epiglottitis
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film
5 inches
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration

28. Pathophysiology of hirschsprung's disease
diazepam - lorazapam
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy

29. What is broncho-pulmonary dysplasia?
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation
BMI chart
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth

30. Screening for overweight or underweight child on chart
BMI chart
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
inflammation located in the middle ear

31. Diagnose Reye's Syndrome
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
Liver Biopsy
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day

32. Teaching for Croup
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium
4 years

33. Signs and Symptoms of mononucleosis
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2
Previous history of life threatening reaction - Mod-severe illness w/wo fever
older preschool age and young school age-believe that they have caused an event such as a sibling's illness or hospitalization is a form of punishment
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice

34. Complications related to varicella
Length board standiometer
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels

35. Signs and Symptoms of intussusception
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting
ABC's - suction secretions - provide O2 - turn on side - no restraints or objects in the mouth
5 inches
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine

36. Bilirubin encephalopathy
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
head
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia

37. Pertussis?
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
9 months
Viral---Varicella or influenza

38. What is the rate of growth each year from 3 yrs until puberty?
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant
2.5 inches
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis

39. Sickle Cell Disease
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping

40. Why avoid circumcision in a baby with hypospadias?
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms

41. Complications of meningitis
>95%
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities

42. Characteristics of the RBC's in sickle cell

43. Kawasaki Disease
poor feeding - wt loss - fatigue - develop. delays - edema
Day 3 of life
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy

44. What should be done to minimize the risks of Sudden infant death syndrome?
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
36 months
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping

45. Leading cause of acquired heart disease in children
double birth weight
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage

46. Etiology of GERD
inflammation located in the middle ear
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old

47. What Component of Aspirin cause's Reye's Syndrome?
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
Salicylates
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis

48. Signs and symptoms of Reye's Syndrome
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
Length board standiometer
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia

49. Cause of bronchiolitis
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation
up to 14 days

50. Head circumference should be assessed until what age
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
3 years
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping