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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Teaching for Mononucleosis
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine

2. What should be observed in a case of a seizure?
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
Time and discription of seizure
<25 yrs old
signs of sepsis - may be only a fever - fever > 101.5 requires IMMEDIATE attention and treatment because risk of death

3. Signs of increased ICP
Bulb Suction - Chest PT - Small frequent feedings - signs of dehydration
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache

4. Temp of home water heater to avoid burns
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
Less than 120 f.
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant

5. Cephalocaudal
9 months
from head to toe
20 inches
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages

6. What level does the bilirubin need to be at in order for jaundice to occur?
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
head
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact
5ml/dl

7. What Pharmalogical measures can be used to treat GERD?
2 years
E. Coli
maternal nutrition and genetics
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis

8. Kawasaki Disease
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection

9. At what age is a stadiometer required to measure linear growth?
36 months
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis

10. Term infant --Bilirubin peaks at what day of life
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy
Length Chart
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor
Day 3 of life

11. Steatorrhea
Salicylates
Equal to
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
Excessive stool fat

12. Two important assessment rules related to coarctation of the aorta?
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
Airborne and contact
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
none

13. Define Proximodistal
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress
Group B Streptococcus
from trunk to extremities

14. Puberty for boys
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
12 years
>95%
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium

15. treatment of intussusception
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms
Viral---Varicella or influenza
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium

16. What is epiglottitis?
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income

17. 3 main causes of Bacterial meningitis in children
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides

18. Encoperesis
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine
fecal soiling
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
from head to toe

19. Pathophysiology related to Head Trauma
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
5ml/dl
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea

20. Signs and symptoms of varicella Prodromal
They are people - need a balance of limits and independence
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
4 years
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages

21. What is the rate of growth each year from 3 yrs until puberty?
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
2.5 inches

22. Another name for Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
<25 yrs old
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
provide airway clearance (CPT - postural drainage - coughing & deep breathing) prevent infection - aggressively treat any infection with IV antibiotics - pt family education - adequate nutrition - psychosocial support
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance

23. Nursing care for a child with Reye's Syndrome
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
2 years
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old

24. Pertussis?
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
1-6 months
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
Liver Biopsy

25. Average Birth Length
10 years
20 inches
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
Liver Biopsy

26. Head circumference should be assessed until what age
10 inches
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
3 years
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture

27. What are the side effects of depakote?
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
trunk - gonads and associative tissue
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
pneumonia - encephalitis - secondary bacterial infections (abscess - cellulitis - sepsis)

28. Signs and Symptoms that indicate and adverse reaction to a vaccine
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas
drooling
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia

29. Pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
inflammation located in the middle ear
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli

30. During an abdominal assessment when should auscultation occur
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation
from head to toe
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds

31. S/sx of GERD
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor
5 inches
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine

32. Leading cause of bacterial meningitis in Neonates
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia
5 inches
Group B Streptococcus
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms

33. Prevention of bronchiolitis spreading
1-6 months
Isolation - decrease environmental stimuli - neuro checks - observe for complications - strict I&O - IV antibiotics
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated

34. Linear growth event happens in Adolescents
Growth spurt
measures the largest velocity which occurs during a forced exhale
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
head

35. What is heart failure?
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
Length board standiometer
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml

36. What are the four main causes of viral croup?
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia
85-95%

37. Females reproductive issues for CF patients
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film
13 years

38. How is mononucleosis diagnosed
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days
A typical lymphocytosis - mono-spot - EBV serology
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs

39. Hirschsprung's Disease
Day 3 of life
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine
10 inches

40. Treatment for Varicella
none
maternal nutrition and genetics
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli

41. Bronchiolitis
Cool mist therapy - encourage oral intake - s/sx of resp. distress
An obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles) caused by an acute upper resp. infection
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion

42. Viral Croup
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void

43. Treatment of Meningitis

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44. How many days after birth do bilirubin levels return to normal limits?
older preschool age and young school age-believe that they have caused an event such as a sibling's illness or hospitalization is a form of punishment
12-24 days
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth

45. What is used to diagnose pyloric stenosis?
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks
Abdominal ultrasound - Upper GI
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing

46. Complications of meningitis
Viral---Varicella or influenza
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections

47. Characteristics of the RBC's in sickle cell

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48. At birth - head circumference is ____ compared to chest circumference
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
larger
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces

49. What Component of Aspirin cause's Reye's Syndrome?
Time and discription of seizure
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
Salicylates
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections

50. Average age of menarche
GERD is the complications and symptoms that happen because of GER
13 years
0-24 months
They are people - need a balance of limits and independence