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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Viral Croup
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia
No - it can only be controlled
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx

2. GER (gastroesophageal reflux)
antibiotic therapy - mgmt of increased ICP - mgmt of acute shock - control Sz's - mgmt of airway and other complications
5 inches
2 snacks
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus

3. What are the symptoms of pancreatic involvement in Cystic Fibrosis?
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
2.5 inches

4. S/SX of Hirschsprungs
increase in bilirubin caused by increase in RBC destruction and decrease in bilirubin clearance through the GI system
Chronic constipation - ribbon-like foul smelling stools - chronic abdominal distention
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia
larger

5. BMI- overweight
>95%
maternal nutrition and genetics
used for prolonged sz's
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces

6. 3 main causes of Bacterial meningitis in children
1-6 months
Day 3 of life
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia

7. What should be used for feeding a child during the post operative period following cleft palate surgery?
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms

8. Part of the body that grows the fastest in the toddler-preschool age
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support
congenital anomaly of lower intestine resulting in mechanical obstruction of intestine
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine
trunk

9. treatment of intussusception
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days

10. What should be observed in a case of a seizure?
Time and discription of seizure
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver
10 inches
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet

11. Head circumference should be assessed until what age
fecal soiling
3 years
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection

12. Childs weight at 6 months compared to birth weight
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
double birth weight
5 inches

13. Celiac Disease
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure
Enteropathy caused by an insensitivity to the gluten found in wheat

14. Bilirubin encephalopathy
Bulb Suction - Chest PT - Small frequent feedings - signs of dehydration
parainfluenza - RSV - Influenza A&B - M. pneumonia
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
Mechanical Ventalation - high inhaled o2 concentration

15. What is used to diagnose GER?
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
trunk - gonads and associative tissue
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
Barium Swallow Upper GI to rule out abnormalities - PH probe - Apnea monitor

16. Considerations should be taken when treating a child with cystic fibrosis who has a ___________ tx promptly since bacterial colonization increases destruction of lung tissue----prevention is key
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice
Assess bilateral upper and lower pulses - assess 4-extremity blood pressures
fever and infection
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart

17. Varicella communicable
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture
Abdominal ultrasound - Upper GI
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
1 day prior to the appearance of lesions until all scabs are crusted and healed usually 2-4 weeks

18. Characteristics of the RBC's in sickle cell

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19. Treatment for Hirschsprungs
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure
0-24 months
from trunk to extremities

20. Which growth chart is appropriate for use - Growth for the young child who is measured laying down?
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms
used for prolonged sz's
E. Coli
Length Chart

21. ABG
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
Avoid smoking - supine sleeping - avoid soft bedding or overheating infant
Excessive stool fat
Erythroblastosis Fetalis

22. Leading cause of head injury
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
MVA - bike accidents and falls
9 months

23. Precaustions needed for pt's with varicella
from trunk to extremities
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
inflammatory disease that often occurs following an untreated group a beta-hemolytic streptococci infection
Airborne and contact

24. BMI-@ risk for overweight
85-95%
<25 yrs old
2 years
Group B Streptococcus

25. Treatment for Varicella
>95%
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
maternal nutrition and genetics
trunk - gonads and associative tissue

26. What is the treatment for epiglottitis?
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
Hydrostatic reduction with a barium enema - using water soluable contrast w/air pressure instead of barium
6 months

27. Pathophysiology of Acute Asthma
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration
inflammation located in the middle ear
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
Swelling of the airways - mucous production - bronchospasms

28. Why avoid circumcision in a baby with hypospadias?
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
< 5%
gum hypertrophy

29. Common Asthma irritants
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time

30. Leading cause of bacterial meningitis in Neonates
Group B Streptococcus
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures
School age
ABC's - suction secretions - provide O2 - turn on side - no restraints or objects in the mouth

31. Linear growth event happens in Adolescents
Growth spurt
No - it can only be controlled
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
ABC's - suction secretions - provide O2 - turn on side - no restraints or objects in the mouth

32. What foods are prohibited for a person with Celiac Disease?
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
They are people - need a balance of limits and independence
Growth spurt

33. What is physiologic Jaundice?
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)
Blockage of duct results in pancreatic enzymes unabailable in the duodenum - decreased nutrient absorption
Brain damage - hearing loss and learning disabilities
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces

34. Define Magical thinking

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35. Key nursing intervention for subacute bacterial endocarditis
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days
drooling
Family history - EEG - CBC - LP and MRI

36. Diagnose Intussusception by
Barium enema
2 years
Less than 120 f.
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption

37. Viral Meningitis
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus

38. 2 factors that determine birth weight
maternal nutrition and genetics
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
< 5%
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations

39. Post Op treatment of a VP shunt
5ml/dl
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis
Small frequent feeds - thickend feeds - increase caloric density - monitor weight gain - car seat feedings - elevate head of bed - place on stomach for sleeping

40. Signs and Symptoms that indicate and adverse reaction to a vaccine
glutten free diet - no wheat - rye - barley and oats - may use corn - rice - millet - multivitam - folic acid -iron. Avoid high fiber during periods of bowel inflammation
Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions - elevation of sweat electrolytes - increase in organic and enzymatic constituents of saliva - abnormalities in autonmoic nervous system function
passage of abdominal contents to the esophagus
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia

41. When does the surgery to correct hypospadias usually occur?
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities
Between 6-12 months
A Chronic inflammation of the airway w. reversible episodes of obstruction - caused by an increased reaction of the airways to various stimuli
5 inches

42. At what age is a length board required?
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine
Maternal infection - premature rupture of membranes
0-24 months

43. Pathophysiology of a fever and infection with sickle cell disease
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
measure head circumference - strict I&O - fluid restriction - skin care at incision site - S & Sx of infection or increased ICP
fever - malaise - poor appetite - wt loss -cough - night sweats and chills

44. What is enuresis?
head
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
36 months

45. Etiology of GERD
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration

46. Pathophysiology related to Head Trauma
Growth spurt
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels
Vaso-occulisive crisis - infection and sepsis
tachypnea - hypoxemia - accessory muscle use - nasal flaring - hypoventilation - apnea - resp failure

47. Diagnose Reye's Syndrome
diazepam - lorazapam
Liver Biopsy
maternal nutrition and genetics
head

48. How does pertussis present?
1st-10kg= x 4ml 2nd-10kg= x 2ml each additional kg x 1ml kg over 20kg add 40 ml
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx

49. What is epiglottitis?
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
Liver Biopsy

50. Average rate of growth for the 1st year
10 inches
Poor suck - decrease tone - weak cry - fever - irritability - vomiting and diarrhea
trunk
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis