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Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam

Subjects : certifications, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. 2 key factors to consider when caring for a preschooler
absence of ganglionic cells in distal bowel - peristalsis is absent as a result - resulting in inability to move food to be evacuated
Liver Biopsy
They are people - need a balance of limits and independence
Directly related to force - Acceleration-Deceleration= brain striking part of skull - Shearing force= stretching caused by unequal rate of movement of the brain tissue resulting in small tearing of the cerbral vessels

2. When does the surgery to correct hypospadias usually occur?
They are people - need a balance of limits and independence
Between 6-12 months
dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying time
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia

3. Focus of adolescent discipline
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus

4. What Pharmalogical measures can be used to treat GERD?
A disorder of toxic encephalopathy assoc. with other characteristic organ involvement. Assoc. w/Aspirin intake during a fever or viral illness
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
Antacids (Ranitidine) decrease gastric acid present - Reglan- increases gastric emptying time by increasing peristalsis
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things

5. What should a child's wt be at 1 yr compared to birth weight?
Triple
trunk - gonads and associative tissue
Small bowel biopsy
No manual assessment w/out equip. for rapid intubation--obtain a lateral neck film

6. What should be observed in a case of a seizure?
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus
Time and discription of seizure
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration

7. Asthma inhaler - what can be done to decrease risk of thrush
Rinse mouth and brush teeth
decrease in myocardial contractility - cause congestion of the circulatory system. the heart is unable to pump adequate amounts of bld to meet the bodys needs
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
Adequate O2 adequatte hydration

8. Hypospadias
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
Urethral opening is positioned below the glans penis
12-24 days
Barium enema

9. How is Celiac Disease diagnosed?
10 inches
crowded living conditions - homeless and low income
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support
Small bowel biopsy

10. What is an acute otitis media?
Excessive stool fat
inflammation located in the middle ear
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
RBC's are stiff and non-pliable resulting in RBC trapping - vaso-occlusion and tissue ischemia

11. Pathophysiology of intussusception
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine
Length board standiometer
Enemas to releave mechanical obstruction or surgical correction if unresponsive to enemas
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages

12. Treatment for mononucleosis
none
85-95%
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
History - IV fluid therapy - electrolyte balance - npo - po feeds within 24-48 hours post op

13. Side effects of benzodiazepines
A bacterial infection in the respiratory tract that is characterized by a paroxysmal (barky) cough
Swelling or obstruction of the Larynx
An Acute inflamation of the meninges and CSF often caused by Enterovirus
drooling

14. Leading cause of acquired heart disease in children
Kawasaki disease - w/o treatment 25% will have permanent heart damage
12 years
5 inches
10 inches

15. What is epiglottitis?
diazepam - lorazapam
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart

16. Signs and Symptoms of intussusception
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting
1-6 months
increase BP proximal to defect - decrease in BP distal to defect - Absent pulses in lower extremities

17. Treatment for Varicella
Chronic constipation - ribbon-like foul smelling stools - chronic abdominal distention
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure
Oatmeal baths - short nails - mittens - tylenol - fluids - warm baths - Acyclovir (immunocompromised pts)
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things

18. Key nursing intervention for subacute bacterial endocarditis
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
decrease spleen function places the child at risk for infection. This is the #1 cause of death under 5 yrs old
prevention - po antibiotics should be given before and after an invasive procedure
Infant-circumcision - toddler prevent falls - consider helmet - school-age= no contact sports. Discuss limits - educate psychosocial support

19. During an abdominal assessment when should auscultation occur
hearing loss - scarring - mastoiditis - meningitis
Auscultation should be preformed after observation and prior to percussion and palpation to avoid altering the true bowel sounds
Acidic Bevarages (Cranberry Juice) -voiding before and after sexual intercourse -avoid bubble baths - avoid tight fitting clothes
IVIG-reduces the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities if given with 10 days of symptons - Salicylate therapy

20. Common Asthma irritants
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
Bacteria enter the blood stream from a site of localized infection and grows in the heart

21. [email protected] risk for overweight
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens
supportive - folic acid daily - hydroxyurea for kids with high % HBS and frequent severe manifestations
85-95%
13 years

22. What should be used for feeding a child during the post operative period following cleft palate surgery?
Epstein Barr Virus - transmitted with intimate contact
<25 yrs old
infants-medicine dropper - bulb w/soft tip - special oral soft nipple - AVOID straws and sharp objects
Penicillin Prophylaxis (BID)

23. What is Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
lethargy - irritability - decrease feedings - fever - seizures
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
They are people - need a balance of limits and independence

24. Why is early diagnosis important w. Reye's Syndrome?
2.5 inches
Factor replacements - joint immobilization - elevation of joints - monitor for bleeds
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance

25. Signs and Symptoms of Asthma
Upper respiratory infection - after 1-2 weeks barky cough that lasts for several months
High persistent fever for 5 days - swelling of the conjunctiva w/o drainage - inflammation of the mouth-lips-tongue - swollen red hands & feet - rash - cervical lymphadinopathy
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
Cough at night or after physical activity lasting >1 week - chest tightness - shortness of breath - wheezing

26. Signs and Symptoms that indicate and adverse reaction to a vaccine
drooling
larger
36 months
Difficulty breathing - hoarseness - hives - dizziness - lethargy - pallor - tachycardia

27. 3 main causes of Bacterial meningitis in children
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet
13 years
Haemophilus influenza type B--strep pneumoniae--Neisseria Meningitides

28. Cause of bronchiolitis
A mild self limiting condition affecting 50% of newborns because of increin - increase RBC Hemolysis - Decrease in RBC life span - decrease ability to conjugate bilirubrubin - decrease ability to excrete bilirubin in feces
Liver Biopsy
one portion of the intestine 'telescopes' into another leading to lymphatic and venous obstruction which causes ischemia - mucous backflow into the intestine and leaking of blood into the intestine
RSV (80%) - Parainfluenza - Adenovirus - Rhino Virus

29. Linear growth event happens in Adolescents
Conditioning traning - which involves a stimulus to waske the child. Retention control-have child drink fluids and delay urination. Waking child to void
Growth spurt
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin

30. What Component of Aspirin cause's Reye's Syndrome?
chest x-ray following a Positive PPD skin test
Salicylates
fever - chills - headache - stiff neck - irritability - petichial or purpuritic rash
A thickening of the abdomianal muscle around the circular pylorus muscle causing obstruction of the gastric outlet

31. At what age is a stadiometer required to measure linear growth?
Less than 120 f.
1-6 months
36 months
13 years

32. What is Cystic Fibrosis?
signs-URI - fever - malaise - pruritic rash appears first on trunk - lesion appear at different stages
Contact isolation - gown - gloves and handwashing
An inherited autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands - most common genetic disorder in the US
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders

33. Diagnose Reye's Syndrome
IV Factor Replacements - PT for joint damage related to repeated hemarthrosis
from trunk to extremities
6 months
Liver Biopsy

34. Teaching for Mononucleosis
Mild analgesic - throat remedies - activity restrictions due to the risk of splenic rupture
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia

35. treatment of hemolytic disease of the newborn
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
Length Chart
Swelling at bleeding site - joint immobility @ site of hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)
Phototherapy - exchange transfusion

36. S/sx of GERD
Bulb Suction - Chest PT - Small frequent feedings - signs of dehydration
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
Appears 1-5 yrs after starting solid foods - failure to thrive - chronic diarrhea - abdominal distention - anorexia and muscle wasting
Frequent emesis - irritability - poor wt. gain - apnea - recurrent pneumonia

37. What is the rate of growth each year from 3 yrs until puberty?
12 years
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
high protien and calorie - multivitamins - extra enzymes for high fat food
2.5 inches

38. Diet for a child with glumerlonephritis
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting
Strict I&O - watch for increase ICP - Monitor LFT (liver function) educate about avoidance for aspirin for kids < 18 yrs old
Regular diet with low sodium an no added salt
Length board standiometer

39. What is enuresis?
Dust - mold - animal dander - viral infections
Between 6-12 months
Successful management is based on early diagnosis and aggressive therapy
Repeated involuntary urination in a child who should already by toilet trained at night

40. Signs and Symptoms of Hemolytic Disease of the newborn
Growth spurt
Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life - a rise in unconjugated bilirubin - anemia lasting 7-21 days
acute and serious inflammation and obstruction of the supraglottis----LIFE threatening
Dental procedures - gum disease and urinary tract infections

41. Females reproductive issues for CF patients
Delayed puberty - viscous cervical secretions - difficulty getting pregnant
Occurs in the first few weeks of life - increase occurence in males - dehydration and olive-like mass in the abdomen
the incidence of epiglottis - a life-threatening resp condition involving swelling of the supraglottis
drooling

42. Average rate of growth for the 1st year
Length board standiometer
inflammation located in the middle ear
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice
10 inches

43. What are the side effects of depakote?
Hepatoxicity - pancreatitis
12 years
gum hypertrophy
fever - profound impairment of consciousness caused by cerebral edema - impaired hepatic function caused by fatty changes of the liver

44. What is the treatment for epiglottitis?
# of stools per day - goal=2-3 stools per day
Give freedom and choices - save battles for the important things
Milk - Ice cream - Malts - Grains
decrease anxiety - IV antibiotics and corticosteroids - intubation/tracheotomy - After IV antibiotics then oral antibiotics for 7-10 days

45. Normal presentation of cystic fibrosis
Steatorrhea - frequent respiratory infections during infancy - failure to thrive
Hallmark--Currant Jelly stools - sudden onset of abdominal pain - inconsolable crying - drawing knees to chest - bilious vominting
An abnormally rapid rate of RBC destruction due to RH or ABO incompatibility
A narrowing within the Aorta resulting in collateral circulation

46. Treatment and nursing care for pertussis
Barium enema
Cardiac monitoring - relief of skin discomfort - mouth care - medicaiton administration - support family because childs irritablity - offer breaks
13 years
Erythromycin - droplet precaution - hydration - antipyretics - humidified o2

47. Diagnose Intussusception by
Severe brain damage caused by the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain
Pallor - malaise - irritability - fatigue - throbbing bilateral or unilateral headache
complete physical and psychosocial assessment to rule out underlying disorders
Barium enema

48. Age range that is appropriate to use a length chart
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
Chronic disease of the pulmonary system in infancy -is common in infants who require supplemental o2 for more than 28 days after birth
Triple
birth-36 months

49. Leading cause of head injury
MVA - bike accidents and falls
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
Foreskin is used during the surgical repair
Lack of energy (hallmark) - sore throat - fever - increase in atypical lymphocytes - lymphodenopathy - splenomegaly - hepato megaly - Jaundice

50. Pathophysiology of celiac disease
genetic disorder of hemoglobin production characterized by the abnormal hemoglobin
O2 status of blood - acid-base balance
Protein/glutten causes villious atrophy in the small intestines resulting in malabsorption caused by decreased surface area for absorption
Sterile-caused by blockage of thick mucous at the vas deferens

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