Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Add yellow
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree

2. What does the term "stop" mean?
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
flat - low contrast light
3:1 or 4:1
A change in illumination

3. What color is opposite Green on the color wheel?
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Metamerism
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Magenta

4. Perspective is affected by what?
Butterfly lighting
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
3:1 or 4:1
lens-to-subject distance

5. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
3:1 or 4:1
Because you can move in close to the subject
A raster image
Reciprocal relationship

6. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Parallax
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

7. An image made of pixels is sometimes called what?
Bit
A raster image
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Lasso tool

8. What kind of lighting pattern places the key light directly in front of and higher than the face?
High Dynamic Range
Butterfly lighting
Levels adjustment
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.

9. What do TTL systems react to?
Aperture
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.

10. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
One stop less
Magenta
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Flat lighting

11. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
Shutter speed & aperture
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Infrared
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

12. The smallest unit of digital information is called a what?
Bit
Depth of field
The difference between light and dark.
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.

13. What color is between Magenta and Cyan on the color wheel?
High Dynamic Range
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Blue
Contrast

14. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture - what mode are you working in?
Cyan
Shutter-priority
sensor
High Dynamic Range

15. What is the effect of front lighting?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Short lighting.
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Selecting portions of the image based on color

16. Resolution refers to what?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
sRGB
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

17. The relative aperture is equal to the lens focal length divided by what?
aperture diameter
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
lens-to-subject distance

18. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Reflected light meter
9
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.

19. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add yellow
Zoom lens
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Variations command

20. The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper?
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Glossy paper

21. When buying a lens hood - you should get it in what size relative to the lens?

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22. What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject?
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
flat - low contrast light
Aperture
A change in illumination

23. A filter with a factor of 2 requires how many stops of compensation?

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24. What is an element and where is it found?
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Add cyan
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
3200 Kelvin

25. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
No
Black (0)
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.

26. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very dark scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
No
Yellow
Add cyan

27. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Snoot
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment

28. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
8 bits
Add red
3200 Kelvin

29. Printers use what set of colors?
Butterfly lighting
Bit
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Blown highlights

30. An 8x10 at 240 dpi will have a resolution of what?
Depth of field
Add blue
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

31. In short lighting - where is the main light placed?
Actual Pixel view
Zoom lens
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

32. Sharpness from near to far is controlled by what?
Aperture
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Infrared
5000K

33. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
It increases
Lower
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Butterfly lighting

34. Cyan is composed of equal parts of what two colors?
Metadata
sRGB
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Blue & Green

35. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
Zoom lens
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Depth of field
Blown highlights

36. What is the name of the technique used to make a monitor look like what you will see on your print?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Soft proofing
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment

37. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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38. What are IPTC fields used for?
Dynamic range
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
International Organization for Standardization
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.

39. Doubling the aperture setting creates how many stops difference in the amount of light reaching the sensor?
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
One stop

40. In a curves adjustment layer - what does the shape of the curve indicate?
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Blue & Green
Shutter-priority
Contrast

41. As the aperture is stopped down - what happens to sharpness?
Aperture-Priority
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Selecting portions of the image based on color

42. A histogram with peaks on either end of the histogram and a deep valley in between represents what?
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Contrast
A high contrast image
Aperture-Priority

43. What is the term used to describe a sensor's sensitivity to light?
Metadata
Metamerism
ISO
Shutter-Priority

44. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
Half as much light
Infrared
Levels adjustment
Soft proofing

45. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
A high contrast image
All colors

46. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
1 or 2
Shutter speed & aperture
Add cyan

47. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Soft proofing
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.

48. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
In the middle

49. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
Fisheye
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Aperture and shutter
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment

50. What are the effects of top lighting?
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast