Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What angle of view does a reflected light meter read?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject

2. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Infinity
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color

3. What is a derivative file?
Metadata
Follow focus
A RAW file that has been altered
Broad lighting

4. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Black (0)
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Add blue

5. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
White (255)
Front lighting
A mirror and pentaprism
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

6. What is gamut?
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Aperture-Priority
Incident light meter

7. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
Butterfly lighting
Fair Use
Levels adjustment
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.

8. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
Snoot
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
A RAW file that has been altered
Yellow

9. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Metamerism
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Front lighting

10. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
Lower
The amount of information contained in each pixel
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.

11. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed - what mode are you working in?
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Aperture-priority
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

12. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Actual Pixel view
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
aperture diameter

13. If an image is too green - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Add magenta

14. Panning does what?
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
aperture diameter

15. Resolution refers to what?
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Metadata
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

16. Doubling the aperture setting creates how many stops difference in the amount of light reaching the sensor?
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
One stop
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Depth of field

17. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
256
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Magenta
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

18. What does side lighting emphasize?
Butterfly lighting
Lasso tool
emphasizes textures
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

19. A magic wand tool is used for what?
Metamerism
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Zoom lens

20. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

21. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Add yellow
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Reciprocal relationship

22. What are luminance and illuminance?
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Incident light meter
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Shutter-Priority

23. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
Magenta
Variations command
Infinity
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.

24. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Shutter speed & aperture

25. What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject?
emphasizes textures
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
1 or 2
flat - low contrast light

26. If an image is too yellow - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
5000K
Add blue
Dynamic range
Shutter speed & aperture

27. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
Bit
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
5000K
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment

28. As the aperture is stopped down - what happens to sharpness?
Snoot
Yellow
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
8 stops

29. What is focal length - technically?
Bit
sensor
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.

30. What does "photomacrograph" or "macrophotograph" mean?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.

31. What is the suggested shutter speed to stop action of a child running parallel to the film plan - about 25 feet from the camera?
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
1/250th
stopped down
A change in illumination

32. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
four times more
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Actual Pixel view

33. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

34. In short lighting - where is the main light placed?
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.

35. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Parallax
Because you can move in close to the subject
Butterfly lighting

36. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Additive (R - G - B)

37. What is a BYTE?
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
Fair Use
Flat lighting

38. What is an element and where is it found?
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
5000K
White (255)

39. What image adjustment tool uses a histogram display to alter an image?
Levels adjustment
Follow focus
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
sRGB

40. In the 20th century - black & white photographers used the Zone system to tame excessive contrast. Now - digital photographers use what?
256
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
9
High Dynamic Range

41. What is the effect of front lighting?
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Lower
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

42. Focal length controls what?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
hue/saturation adjustment layer
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Small light source at an angle to the subject

43. How would you define exposure in mathematical terms?
Convex
1/250th
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
9

44. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
No
sRGB
A new layer
Aperture

45. What is a color profile?
5000K
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

46. What is burning?
Cyan
aperture diameter
Blue & Green
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

47. A 1:1 lighting ratio produces what lighting result?
Flat lighting
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Dynamic range
Add magenta

48. In a curves adjustment layer - what does the shape of the curve indicate?
Incident light meter
Contrast
Yellow
1/250th

49. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
Follow focus
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Snoot
5000K

50. A technique used to maintain sharp focus on a subject that is moving toward you is called what?
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Follow focus
A high contrast image