Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
flat - low contrast light
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
5 -000 Kelvin
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color

2. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
Fair Use
Infrared
Because you can move in close to the subject
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

3. Photoshop's command for a simple way to start using color balance is what?
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
All colors
Variations command
Broad lighting

4. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
Small light source at an angle to the subject
JPEG
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

5. Sharpness from near to far is controlled by what?
Aperture
sRGB
Shutter speed & aperture
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.

6. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
sensor
Levels adjustment

7. When the size of the aperture is decreased - it is said to be what?
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
stopped down
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
The amount of information contained in each pixel

8. What angle of view does a reflected light meter read?
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
8 stops
1 or 2

9. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Lower
sRGB
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)

10. What does "photomacrograph" or "macrophotograph" mean?
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Snoot
Infrared

11. What kind of meter is built in to most cameras?
High Dynamic Range
Butterfly lighting
Reflected light meter
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.

12. The smallest unit of digital information is called a what?
Bit
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Short lighting.
Flat lighting

13. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed.
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Aperture-Priority
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Metadata

14. A lens with a very wide angle of view and produces barrel distortion is what kind of lens?
Depth of field
No
Blue & Green
Fisheye

15. When the subtractive primaries are added together equally - what is created?
A RAW file that has been altered
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Use and adjustment layer
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

16. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
Butterfly lighting
Yellow
JPEG
In the middle

17. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
No
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Zoom lens

18. What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
White (255)
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

19. What is gamut?
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Add red
lens-to-subject distance

20. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
sensor
Broad lighting
Levels adjustment
Variations command

21. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
Glossy paper
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Fair Use
A mirror and pentaprism

22. The amount of motion blur in an image will increase if you do what?
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Dynamic range
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

23. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
stopped down
Shutter-Priority
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Broad lighting

24. A tonal correction cannot be accomplished by using a...
Yellow
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Dynamic range

25. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Actual Pixel view
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
JPEG

26. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
The impression human vision gives
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

27. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
Convex
A new layer
Aperture
Shutter speed & aperture

28. What is the term used to describe a sensor's sensitivity to light?
ISO
Short lighting
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view

29. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
hue/saturation adjustment layer
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Dynamic range

30. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Additive (R - G - B)
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
stopped down

31. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
In the middle
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Glossy paper

32. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

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33. Cyan is composed of equal parts of what two colors?
Aperture-Priority
Blue & Green
Short lighting
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)

34. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
Metadata
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
A mirror and pentaprism

35. What is the inverse square law?
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.

36. As the aperture is stopped down - what happens to sharpness?
Lower
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Reflected light meter
Reciprocal relationship

37. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
Additive (R - G - B)
Magenta
Parallax
Because you can move in close to the subject

38. Generally - traditional portraits use what lighting ratio?
3:1 or 4:1
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

39. What is a thyristor?
Metadata
The amount of information contained in each pixel
A raster image
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.

40. A general purpose lens will provide an f-stop range of up to how many?
Infinity
5000K
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
8 stops

41. Tungsten is approximately what color temperature?
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
3200 Kelvin
Short lighting

42. A histogram with peaks on either end of the histogram and a deep valley in between represents what?
hue/saturation adjustment layer
256
A high contrast image
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

43. The image transmitted by the lens is recorded by the what?
sensor
Depth of field
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.

44. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
lens-to-subject distance
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

45. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed - what mode are you working in?
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Aperture-priority
Metadata

46. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
1 1/3 stops
Follow focus
No

47. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
Dynamic range
Yellow
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Lower

48. The useable exposure range of a sensor - or the range of subject brightness is called what?
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Blue
Aperture
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)

49. Generally - how much exposure compensation (in stops) should be used when using a polarizing filter?
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
1 1/3 stops
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

50. In a curves adjustment layer - what does the shape of the curve indicate?
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Yellow
Contrast