Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What determines what will be a 'normal' focal length lens on a particular camera?
Metadata
four times more
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Variations command

2. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Parallax
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.

3. As the aperture is stopped down - what happens to sharpness?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Broad lighting
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Small light source at an angle to the subject

4. A lens with a very wide angle of view and produces barrel distortion is what kind of lens?
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
5000K
Fisheye

5. An image made of pixels is sometimes called what?
Zoom lens
Short lighting
emphasizes textures
A raster image

6. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
sensor
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Incident light meter

7. What is interpolated resolution?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Black (0)

8. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
All colors
sensor
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Add blue

9. What is the name of the issue that prevents you from seeing exactly what the lens sees when using a rangefinder camera?
Parallax
Fisheye
Fair Use
Soft proofing

10. How is brightness and contrast best controlled in Photoshop?
Bit
Levels adjustment
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Shutter speed & aperture

11. What would you use an ICC profile for?
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Metamerism

12. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
It increases
The impression human vision gives
aperture diameter

13. What does side lighting emphasize?
emphasizes textures
In the middle
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Parallax

14. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

15. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
four times more
Zoom lens
Depth of field

16. What is a derivative file?
sensor
A RAW file that has been altered
Metadata
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

17. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
International Organization for Standardization
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Half as much light

18. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Dynamic range
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Follow focus

19. Sharpness from near to far is controlled by what?
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
emphasizes textures
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Aperture

20. When the size of the aperture is decreased - it is said to be what?
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Infrared
Shutter speed & aperture
stopped down

21. What is TTL?
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
stopped down
Magenta

22. Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements?
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Add yellow
hue/saturation adjustment layer
A new layer

23. A histogram with peaks on either end of the histogram and a deep valley in between represents what?
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Fair Use
Selecting portions of the image based on color
A high contrast image

24. What are the effects of top lighting?
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Black (0)

25. To emphasize texture in a portrait - what kind of light source is recommended?
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Fair Use
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

26. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
Shutter speed & aperture
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Dynamic range
A change in illumination

27. A 1:1 lighting ratio produces what lighting result?
Flat lighting
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.

28. When the subtractive primaries are added together equally - what is created?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
256
stopped down
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

29. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Because you can move in close to the subject
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Blue

30. What is the usable exposure range - or range of subject brightness called?
Dynamic range
Add magenta
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.

31. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
Lower
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Broad lighting
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

32. What Photoshop tool allows you to select an area of any size or shape by drawing freehand?
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
four times more
Lasso tool
Shutter-Priority

33. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
Lower
Short lighting
One stop
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

34. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
Contrast
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
1 or 2
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

35. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
ISO
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Metamerism

36. This kind of meter is preferred by photographers working in a studio situation where lighting conditions can be altered.
Infinity
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
8 bits
Incident light meter

37. What image adjustment tool uses a histogram display to alter an image?
The impression human vision gives
Levels adjustment
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

38. What is the suggested shutter speed to stop action of a child running parallel to the film plan - about 25 feet from the camera?
1/250th
Total number of pixels
Follow focus
Blown highlights

39. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
In the middle
Short lighting
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.

40. What is the best color profile for web images?
sRGB
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
The difference between light and dark.

41. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
8 bits
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
sensor
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).

42. What angle of view does a reflected light meter read?
Add yellow
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Shutter speed & aperture
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees

43. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
Yellow
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Contrast

44. The area of acceptable sharpness in an image is called what?
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
sensor
Depth of field

45. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed.
Aperture-Priority
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
sensor
RAID system

46. What is gamut?
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
No
stopped down
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.

47. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Aperture-Priority
Metadata
A mirror and pentaprism

48. A filter with a factor of 2 requires how many stops of compensation?

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49. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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50. Blue is opposite what color on the color wheel?
Snoot
One stop less
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Yellow