Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the best color profile for web images?
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Magenta
sRGB
Yellow

2. What is focal length - technically?
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Incident light meter
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
8 stops

3. Printers use what set of colors?
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Add magenta
Contrast

4. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Short lighting
Butterfly lighting
Half as much light

5. What is the name of the technique used to make a monitor look like what you will see on your print?
One stop
Short lighting.
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Soft proofing

6. What do TTL systems react to?
Use and adjustment layer
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Shutter-Priority
Contrast

7. What is interpolated resolution?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

8. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Metamerism
Front lighting
Infinity

9. In a digital image - the images file sizes corresponds to the total number of what in the image?
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Reflected light meter
Total number of pixels
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor

10. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
Black (0)
Infrared
JPEG
Short lighting.

11. A tall vertical line on the right hand edge of a histogram indicates what?
Cyan
Blown highlights
3:1 or 4:1
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

12. Digital cameras use what set of primary colors?
Add green
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Additive (R - G - B)

13. What color is between Magenta and Cyan on the color wheel?
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Blue
Bit
Lower

14. What is the term used to describe human's change in perception of a color under different light sources?
256
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Aperture-priority
Metamerism

15. Can you save layers in a JPEG file format?
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
No
Add cyan
aperture diameter

16. What light source has the highest color temperature?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
sRGB
Fair Use

17. If an image is too green - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add magenta
One stop less
Butterfly lighting
1 1/3 stops

18. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Follow focus
A high contrast image

19. What is the effect of front lighting?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

20. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
It increases
flat - low contrast light

21. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture - what mode are you working in?
Shutter-priority
Additive (R - G - B)
Glossy paper
Half as much light

22. When the additive primaries are mixed together equally - what is created?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)

23. Doubling the aperture setting creates how many stops difference in the amount of light reaching the sensor?
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
3:1 or 4:1
One stop

24. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
8 bits
All colors
hue/saturation adjustment layer

25. What is a Bit?
Black (0)
Blue & Green
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Follow focus

26. As the aperture is stopped down - what happens to sharpness?
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
A RAW file that has been altered
Add cyan

27. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed.
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
1 1/3 stops
Aperture-Priority
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light

28. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add yellow
Broad lighting
Dynamic range
Levels adjustment

29. The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper?
Shutter-priority
Glossy paper
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)

30. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
sensor
Yellow
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Lower

31. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Convex
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view

32. Bit depth refers to what?
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
The amount of information contained in each pixel
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
A raster image

33. A 1:1 lighting ratio produces what lighting result?
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Flat lighting
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

34. What is the term used to describe a sensor's sensitivity to light?
Add blue
A new layer
ISO
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta

35. Going clockwise around the color wheel - starting with RED - what is the progression of colors?
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
One stop
Levels adjustment
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta

36. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
3200 Kelvin

37. What are IPTC fields used for?
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view

38. What color is opposite Green on the color wheel?
Magenta
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

39. What is a flag?
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Reflected light meter
Add blue
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

40. The useable exposure range of a sensor - or the range of subject brightness is called what?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
A raster image
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Additive (R - G - B)

41. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
3:1 or 4:1
Levels adjustment
Aperture-Priority
Black (0)

42. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
A raster image
The impression human vision gives
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

43. What is a derivative file?
A RAW file that has been altered
Bit
Add cyan
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)

44. When the subtractive primaries are added together equally - what is created?
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Infinity

45. A histogram shows what in an image?
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
High Dynamic Range
International Organization for Standardization
Yellow

46. What is an element and where is it found?
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
aperture diameter
Levels adjustment
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast

47. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Additive (R - G - B)

48. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
A high contrast image
International Organization for Standardization
flat - low contrast light
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree

49. Name two ways you can increase depth of field (other than changing aperture).
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
JPEG
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject

50. Generally - traditional portraits use what lighting ratio?
Lasso tool
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
aperture diameter
3:1 or 4:1