Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
Add yellow
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
lens-to-subject distance

2. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Fisheye
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)

3. What is a derivative file?
Shutter-priority
A RAW file that has been altered
Infrared
Bit

4. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
8 bits
1 1/3 stops
sRGB

5. When buying a lens hood - you should get it in what size relative to the lens?

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6. Panning does what?
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
A high contrast image
sRGB

7. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
Use and adjustment layer
Add cyan
Follow focus
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

8. Aperture controls what?
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Blue

9. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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10. A lens with a very wide angle of view and produces barrel distortion is what kind of lens?
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Fisheye
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Half as much light

11. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
One stop less
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

12. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
Zoom lens
sensor
aperture diameter
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)

13. What does ISO stand for?
Selecting portions of the image based on color
International Organization for Standardization
Metamerism
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).

14. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
sRGB

15. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
ISO
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

16. Generally - traditional portraits use what lighting ratio?
256
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
3:1 or 4:1
8 bits

17. The area of acceptable sharpness in an image is called what?
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Depth of field
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
A new layer

18. The relative aperture is equal to the lens focal length divided by what?
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
stopped down
aperture diameter
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.

19. In the 20th century - black & white photographers used the Zone system to tame excessive contrast. Now - digital photographers use what?
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
High Dynamic Range
Actual Pixel view
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

20. What is a Bit?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
9
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.

21. What do TTL systems react to?
One stop less
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Shutter speed & aperture
One stop

22. Doubling the aperture setting creates how many stops difference in the amount of light reaching the sensor?
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
3:1 or 4:1
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
One stop

23. What does a neutral density filter do?
JPEG
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
A raster image
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.

24. What is the term used to describe human's change in perception of a color under different light sources?
Magenta
emphasizes textures
One stop less
Metamerism

25. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
Snoot
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
5000K
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

26. What kind of film can help reduce haze in a landscape?
Blue & Green
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Infrared

27. A 1:1 lighting ratio produces what lighting result?
Flat lighting
Glossy paper
Variations command
Use and adjustment layer

28. This light modifier can be used to highlight a specific area of the subject.
sensor
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Snoot
Blue

29. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
It increases
Follow focus
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

30. An image made of pixels is sometimes called what?
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
A raster image
Butterfly lighting
Shutter speed & aperture

31. If an image is too cyan - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Aperture-Priority
All colors
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Add red

32. What are the effects of top lighting?
Follow focus
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

33. What color is opposite Red on the color wheel?
Convex
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Lower
Cyan

34. What is the inverse square law?
Lower
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Infrared
Shutter speed & aperture

35. A tall vertical line on the right hand edge of a histogram indicates what?
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Blown highlights
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

36. What is a BYTE?
Fair Use
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
9
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.

37. What is the usable exposure range - or range of subject brightness called?
Dynamic range
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
A mirror and pentaprism
Yellow

38. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
Depth of field
Blue & Green
Fisheye
256

39. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Aperture-priority
emphasizes textures
Add cyan

40. The term to describe the combination of aperture and shutter speed that can be changed by moving them in opposite directions.
Parallax
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Convex
Reciprocal relationship

41. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

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42. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
Yellow
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
In the middle
Fisheye

43. To emphasize texture in a portrait - what kind of light source is recommended?
International Organization for Standardization
Zoom lens
3200 Kelvin
Small light source at an angle to the subject

44. What is burning?
Short lighting.
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Follow focus
Add red

45. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Shutter speed & aperture

46. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
8 stops
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Add yellow
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.

47. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Reflected light meter
Butterfly lighting
JPEG

48. Bit depth refers to what?
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Follow focus
four times more
The amount of information contained in each pixel

49. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
Fair Use
3:1 or 4:1
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color

50. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
Lasso tool
Short lighting.
Follow focus
One stop