Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Aperture and shutter
JPEG
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment

2. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
Zoom lens
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Metamerism
Snoot

3. How is brightness and contrast best controlled in Photoshop?
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Levels adjustment
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Shutter-Priority

4. The smallest unit of digital information is called a what?
Bit
Add cyan
Total number of pixels
Variations command

5. What is a BYTE?
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
3200 Kelvin
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Because you can move in close to the subject

6. What is a color profile?
Use and adjustment layer
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
No

7. To emphasize texture in a portrait - what kind of light source is recommended?
Small light source at an angle to the subject
ISO
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

8. This viewing option gives you the most accurate version of your image in Photoshop.
Actual Pixel view
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

9. What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent?
Add red
Convex
Half as much light
White (255)

10. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
Metadata
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
A mirror and pentaprism
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.

11. If an image is too red - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
A mirror and pentaprism
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Blue
Add cyan

12. When the subtractive primaries are added together equally - what is created?
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Shutter-Priority
Shutter-priority
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

13. Aperture controls what?
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Very wide at about 180 degrees

14. What is the term used to describe human's change in perception of a color under different light sources?
Metamerism
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Levels adjustment
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.

15. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Broad lighting
All colors
Incident light meter

16. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
Follow focus
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Incident light meter
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.

17. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
Half as much light
Add red
Flat lighting
A mirror and pentaprism

18. What is the suggested shutter speed to stop action of a child running parallel to the film plan - about 25 feet from the camera?
Yellow
1 1/3 stops
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
1/250th

19. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

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20. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
Contrast
Short lighting
The amount of information contained in each pixel
In the middle

21. If an image is too yellow - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Yellow
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Add blue

22. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
Black (0)
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
aperture diameter
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

23. In a digital image - the images file sizes corresponds to the total number of what in the image?
Aperture-priority
Depth of field
One stop less
Total number of pixels

24. Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements?
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
JPEG
1 or 2

25. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
3:1 or 4:1
emphasizes textures
Dynamic range
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.

26. What is the usable exposure range - or range of subject brightness called?
Aperture-priority
Blue
Dynamic range
Add cyan

27. What is the best color profile for web images?
sRGB
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
One stop less
Broad lighting

28. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
Shutter speed & aperture
sRGB
The sensor's sensitivity to light
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

29. Doubling the aperture setting creates how many stops difference in the amount of light reaching the sensor?
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Very wide at about 180 degrees
One stop
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

30. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Magenta
5000K

31. What is an element and where is it found?
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Front lighting
The impression human vision gives
The difference between light and dark.

32. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Yellow
It increases
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.

33. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
Yellow
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
A mirror and pentaprism
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.

34. Panning does what?
Yellow
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
A high contrast image

35. All objects beyond the closest distance in focus will be sharp when this appears within the DOF scale.
A RAW file that has been altered
Magenta
Infinity
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

36. Printers use what set of colors?
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Flat lighting
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree

37. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
Lower
Variations command
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Use and adjustment layer

38. What is a flag?
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Dynamic range
3:1 or 4:1

39. Contrast measures what in a print?
The difference between light and dark.
In the middle
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

40. Generally - traditional portraits use what lighting ratio?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Add blue
3:1 or 4:1
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

41. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
3200 Kelvin
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Short lighting
Fisheye

42. What angle should a polarizing filter be to the sun for best results?
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Butterfly lighting
Add magenta

43. The relative aperture is equal to the lens focal length divided by what?
Broad lighting
aperture diameter
Snoot
Aperture and shutter

44. The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper?
Cyan
Glossy paper
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

45. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
8 bits

46. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Infinity

47. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Add red
Dynamic range

48. What is a thyristor?
Infrared
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
In the middle

49. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Bit
256

50. What is dodging?
In the middle
Infrared
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
sensor