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Certified Professional Photographer

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Convex
Blown highlights
Zoom lens

2. What two controls adjust the amount of light that reaches the sensor?
A RAW file that has been altered
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Aperture and shutter
Broad lighting

3. What is gamut?
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Aperture-priority
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

4. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Short lighting.
Butterfly lighting

5. When buying a lens hood - you should get it in what size relative to the lens?

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6. Digital cameras use what set of primary colors?
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Snoot
Actual Pixel view
Additive (R - G - B)

7. If an image is too green - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add magenta
Bit
Aperture
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

8. What is a color profile?
Actual Pixel view
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
ISO
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).

9. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
Follow focus
5000K
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Aperture and shutter

10. What does ISO stand for?
5000K
International Organization for Standardization
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
8 stops

11. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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12. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
Parallax
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree

13. In a digital image - the images file sizes corresponds to the total number of what in the image?
Total number of pixels
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject

14. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
Infrared
1 or 2
Reciprocal relationship
1 1/3 stops

15. What color is opposite Green on the color wheel?
Yellow
Blue & Green
5000K
Magenta

16. Instead of permanently altering your image when adjusting for color and value - what should you do?
Use and adjustment layer
International Organization for Standardization
Actual Pixel view
Selecting portions of the image based on color

17. An image made of pixels is sometimes called what?
Aperture
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
A raster image
Metamerism

18. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Shutter speed & aperture
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.

19. What color is opposite Red on the color wheel?
Cyan
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Aperture-Priority
One stop less

20. Tungsten is approximately what color temperature?
3200 Kelvin
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
A raster image

21. In short lighting - where is the main light placed?
Lasso tool
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.

22. A normal (or standard) focal length lens approximates what?
Blown highlights
Short lighting
The impression human vision gives
A change in illumination

23. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
5000K
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Small light source at an angle to the subject

24. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
White (255)
Metadata
Contrast
5 -000 Kelvin

25. What color is between Magenta and Cyan on the color wheel?
One stop
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Convex
Blue

26. The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper?
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
One stop less
Glossy paper
four times more

27. Daylight is approximately what color temperature?
Add blue
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
5 -000 Kelvin
Incident light meter

28. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

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29. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
Shutter-priority
Bit
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
No

30. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

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31. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Short lighting.
JPEG

32. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
A mirror and pentaprism
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
A high contrast image

33. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
Levels adjustment
One stop less
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
A RAW file that has been altered

34. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Convex
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.

35. A tonal correction cannot be accomplished by using a...
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
hue/saturation adjustment layer
stopped down
Glossy paper

36. The image transmitted by the lens is recorded by the what?
sensor
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Use and adjustment layer
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject

37. What Photoshop tool allows you to select an area of any size or shape by drawing freehand?
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Lasso tool
Blue
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

38. What is a BYTE?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Because you can move in close to the subject
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color

39. What light source has the highest color temperature?
A high contrast image
Add magenta
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

40. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Aperture-priority
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Hue - Luminance - Saturation

41. What is the usable exposure range - or range of subject brightness called?
Follow focus
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Dynamic range
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

42. What kind of lighting pattern places the key light directly in front of and higher than the face?
Butterfly lighting
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
9
Hue - Luminance - Saturation

43. What would you use an ICC profile for?
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
emphasizes textures
A mirror and pentaprism

44. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
8 bits
Reciprocal relationship
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.

45. How would you define exposure in mathematical terms?
9
Use and adjustment layer
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

46. What angle should a polarizing filter be to the sun for best results?
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
1/250th
Half as much light
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.

47. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Front lighting
Shutter-priority
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

48. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Convex
Use and adjustment layer
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color

49. This light modifier can be used to highlight a specific area of the subject.
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Snoot

50. If an image is too red - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add cyan
Soft proofing
Aperture
A RAW file that has been altered

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