Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
8 bits

2. Going clockwise around the color wheel - starting with RED - what is the progression of colors?
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
A RAW file that has been altered
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta

3. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
256
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
3200 Kelvin

4. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Yellow
Fair Use

5. What is a thyristor?
Blue
Flat lighting
Infrared
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.

6. In a curves adjustment layer - what does the shape of the curve indicate?
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Contrast

7. The image transmitted by the lens is recorded by the what?
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Use and adjustment layer
sensor

8. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
Short lighting.
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Add yellow
Follow focus

9. What is a BYTE?
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Blue & Green
The difference between light and dark.

10. What is interpolated resolution?
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Magenta
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
In the middle

11. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
ISO
Add cyan
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

12. A 1:1 lighting ratio produces what lighting result?
Flat lighting
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
One stop
Fisheye

13. Tungsten is approximately what color temperature?
3200 Kelvin
ISO
Add yellow
Use and adjustment layer

14. The term to describe the combination of aperture and shutter speed that can be changed by moving them in opposite directions.
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Reciprocal relationship
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Front lighting

15. A magic wand tool is used for what?
Selecting portions of the image based on color
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
9

16. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Levels adjustment

17. What is the term used to describe a sensor's sensitivity to light?
Aperture
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
ISO
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.

18. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Flat lighting
A change in illumination
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

19. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Aperture-priority
Lower
Very wide at about 180 degrees

20. As the aperture is stopped down - what happens to sharpness?
A raster image
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast

21. The useable exposure range of a sensor - or the range of subject brightness is called what?
JPEG
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
1 1/3 stops
One stop

22. Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements?
Fisheye
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.

23. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
Broad lighting
Metadata
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
In the middle

24. What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject?
aperture diameter
flat - low contrast light
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
sensor

25. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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26. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
Add red
The amount of information contained in each pixel
JPEG
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

27. All objects beyond the closest distance in focus will be sharp when this appears within the DOF scale.
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Infinity

28. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
Butterfly lighting
four times more
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

29. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
The difference between light and dark.
Half as much light
Broad lighting

30. This viewing option gives you the most accurate version of your image in Photoshop.
No
A high contrast image
Use and adjustment layer
Actual Pixel view

31. What kind of film can help reduce haze in a landscape?
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Infrared

32. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
Yellow
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Aperture and shutter
Actual Pixel view

33. Generally - how much exposure compensation (in stops) should be used when using a polarizing filter?
Shutter-priority
emphasizes textures
5 -000 Kelvin
1 1/3 stops

34. A filter with a factor of 2 requires how many stops of compensation?

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35. What does ISO stand for?
Shutter speed & aperture
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Zoom lens
International Organization for Standardization

36. A color image with smooth gradiations requires at least what bit depth?
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

37. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
ISO
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

38. A technique used to maintain sharp focus on a subject that is moving toward you is called what?
Infinity
Follow focus
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
1/250th

39. Bit depth refers to what?
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Additive (R - G - B)
The amount of information contained in each pixel

40. Aperture controls what?
Aperture
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Selecting portions of the image based on color
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

41. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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42. Contrast measures what in a print?
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
lens-to-subject distance
Glossy paper
The difference between light and dark.

43. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
All colors
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

44. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
One stop less
Broad lighting
Blue

45. What is the name of the technique used to make a monitor look like what you will see on your print?
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
lens-to-subject distance
Blown highlights
Soft proofing

46. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
Incident light meter
It increases
Because you can move in close to the subject
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.

47. This stores electronic images captured in a digital camera until they can be transferred to a computer.
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Aperture-priority
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.

48. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

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49. Blue is opposite what color on the color wheel?
Yellow
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
emphasizes textures

50. What is focal length - technically?
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Actual Pixel view
emphasizes textures