Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Zoom lens
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Because you can move in close to the subject

2. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
All colors
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.

3. A magic wand tool is used for what?
Selecting portions of the image based on color
A high contrast image
stopped down
5000K

4. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
stopped down
8 bits

5. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Incident light meter
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

6. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
lens-to-subject distance
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Fair Use
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)

7. What kind of film can help reduce haze in a landscape?
Infrared
Lasso tool
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

8. A technique used to maintain sharp focus on a subject that is moving toward you is called what?
Aperture-Priority
flat - low contrast light
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Follow focus

9. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
9
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

10. A tonal correction cannot be accomplished by using a...
A RAW file that has been altered
The difference between light and dark.
hue/saturation adjustment layer
four times more

11. The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper?
A RAW file that has been altered
lens-to-subject distance
sRGB
Glossy paper

12. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
Aperture
Fair Use
1/250th
A new layer

13. What are IPTC fields used for?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

14. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
Shutter-priority
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
5000K
Total number of pixels

15. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

16. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Because you can move in close to the subject
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

17. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
A RAW file that has been altered
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)

18. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
Fisheye
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
A mirror and pentaprism
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)

19. The term to describe the combination of aperture and shutter speed that can be changed by moving them in opposite directions.
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Reciprocal relationship
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Short lighting

20. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
Add green
Half as much light
Shutter-Priority
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.

21. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed.
Additive (R - G - B)
Blue & Green
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Aperture-Priority

22. What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent?
White (255)
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.

23. Cyan is composed of equal parts of what two colors?
Blue & Green
The sensor's sensitivity to light
5000K
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.

24. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
8 bits
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image

25. What do TTL systems react to?
Use and adjustment layer
5 -000 Kelvin
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view

26. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
Follow focus
Bit
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Reflected light meter

27. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Total number of pixels
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

28. What is the best color profile for web images?
Shutter-Priority
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
sRGB

29. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

30. When the subtractive primaries are added together equally - what is created?
Aperture-priority
Short lighting.
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
The impression human vision gives

31. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
ISO
Add magenta
Metadata

32. Generally - traditional portraits use what lighting ratio?
aperture diameter
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
3:1 or 4:1
9

33. Tungsten is approximately what color temperature?
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Flat lighting
3200 Kelvin
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.

34. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Reciprocal relationship
8 bits

35. When buying a lens hood - you should get it in what size relative to the lens?

36. What is TTL?
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Blue & Green
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

37. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
Actual Pixel view
hue/saturation adjustment layer
1 1/3 stops
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.

38. What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject?
flat - low contrast light
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Incident light meter
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."

39. A histogram shows what in an image?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Convex
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
A change in illumination

40. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
It increases
Fair Use
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

41. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
Add green
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
aperture diameter
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

42. What is the name of the issue that prevents you from seeing exactly what the lens sees when using a rangefinder camera?
All colors
Total number of pixels
Parallax
Incident light meter

43. If an image is too cyan - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Fair Use
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Add red

44. How would you define exposure in mathematical terms?
Blue & Green
Magenta
Short lighting
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

45. What are the effects of top lighting?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.

46. Going clockwise around the color wheel - starting with RED - what is the progression of colors?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Total number of pixels
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Selecting portions of the image based on color

47. What angle should a polarizing filter be to the sun for best results?
Incident light meter
A RAW file that has been altered
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

48. What is burning?
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
It increases
In the middle
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

49. This light modifier can be used to highlight a specific area of the subject.
Follow focus
Snoot
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Levels adjustment

50. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
JPEG
Aperture
Zoom lens