Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What does a neutral density filter do?
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.

2. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Add green
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Lower

3. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
One stop less
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
9

4. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
The brightness of all the pixels in an image

5. The useable exposure range of a sensor - or the range of subject brightness is called what?
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
All colors

6. What is interpolated resolution?
Reflected light meter
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Short lighting
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image

7. Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements?
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
four times more
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
9

8. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
256
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

9. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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10. Focal length controls what?
Metadata
A raster image
White (255)
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view

11. What kind of lighting pattern places the key light directly in front of and higher than the face?
Butterfly lighting
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Yellow

12. What light source has the highest color temperature?
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Soft proofing
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color

13. When buying a lens hood - you should get it in what size relative to the lens?

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14. What are luminance and illuminance?
One stop
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Bit

15. If an image is too red - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Add cyan
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)

16. Aperture controls what?
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
5000K
Flat lighting

17. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
A high contrast image
Add red
Lower
One stop less

18. What kind of meter is built in to most cameras?
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Reflected light meter
Shutter-Priority
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors

19. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
Cyan
Aperture-Priority
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors

20. What color is opposite Green on the color wheel?
Parallax
Contrast
Magenta
No

21. What determines what will be a 'normal' focal length lens on a particular camera?
Zoom lens
Aperture and shutter
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)

22. What is an element and where is it found?
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
RAID system
One stop

23. This type of backup system is fault-tolerant because it creates redundant data.
In the middle
A new layer
RAID system
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

24. Resolution refers to what?
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Variations command

25. When the additive primaries are mixed together equally - what is created?
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Add red
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
A new layer

26. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
Total number of pixels
Metadata
A mirror and pentaprism
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)

27. The image transmitted by the lens is recorded by the what?
Short lighting.
ISO
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
sensor

28. What is the usable exposure range - or range of subject brightness called?
Dynamic range
8 bits
Half as much light
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

29. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
3200 Kelvin
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

30. What are the effects of high side lighting?
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Metamerism
Short lighting.

31. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
Fair Use
A change in illumination
sensor
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

32. What is focal length - technically?
Yellow
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
8 stops

33. What would you use an ICC profile for?
5 -000 Kelvin
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Yellow

34. What is the suggested shutter speed to stop action of a child running parallel to the film plan - about 25 feet from the camera?
No
1/250th
A change in illumination
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

35. Generally - how much exposure compensation (in stops) should be used when using a polarizing filter?
1 1/3 stops
8 bits
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
The brightness of all the pixels in an image

36. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
Reciprocal relationship
Add yellow
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

37. A technique used to maintain sharp focus on a subject that is moving toward you is called what?
Follow focus
Infinity
Add blue
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

38. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
1/250th
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)

39. What does "photomacrograph" or "macrophotograph" mean?
Lower
A change in illumination
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Add blue

40. What do TTL systems react to?
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
ISO
Use and adjustment layer
Hue - Luminance - Saturation

41. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
Shutter-priority
White (255)
Add red
Short lighting.

42. What is TTL?
1 or 2
Add blue
3:1 or 4:1
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

43. How is brightness and contrast best controlled in Photoshop?
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Levels adjustment
Add magenta
RAID system

44. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
A new layer

45. The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper?
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Flat lighting
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Glossy paper

46. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Metamerism
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
5000K

47. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
hue/saturation adjustment layer
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
8 bits

48. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Convex
Glossy paper
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.

49. What is the best color profile for web images?
The impression human vision gives
Very wide at about 180 degrees
3:1 or 4:1
sRGB

50. What two controls adjust the amount of light that reaches the sensor?
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Total number of pixels
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Aperture and shutter