Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. A technique used to maintain sharp focus on a subject that is moving toward you is called what?
Blue & Green
Follow focus
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Fisheye

2. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture - what mode are you working in?
High Dynamic Range
Shutter-priority
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
In the middle

3. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
8 stops
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
1/250th

4. What is a flag?
ISO
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Aperture-priority
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

5. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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6. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.

7. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Shutter-Priority
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
A mirror and pentaprism

8. An 8x10 at 240 dpi will have a resolution of what?
Metadata
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Fisheye
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

9. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
All colors
RAID system
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree

10. What is a derivative file?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Add magenta
Contrast
A RAW file that has been altered

11. What color is between Magenta and Cyan on the color wheel?
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Blue
Butterfly lighting
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees

12. When the additive primaries are mixed together equally - what is created?
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Parallax
Infinity
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.

13. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
lens-to-subject distance
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Follow focus
Metadata

14. What image adjustment tool uses a histogram display to alter an image?
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Levels adjustment
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.

15. What does a neutral density filter do?
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
International Organization for Standardization
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

16. What are IPTC fields used for?
A raster image
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Yellow

17. A histogram shows what in an image?
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
JPEG
1 1/3 stops
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image

18. What would you use an ICC profile for?
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
3200 Kelvin
Aperture and shutter
Fisheye

19. What does ISO stand for?
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Magenta
International Organization for Standardization

20. A general purpose lens will provide an f-stop range of up to how many?
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
aperture diameter
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
8 stops

21. What is a thyristor?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
sensor
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.

22. What is the usable exposure range - or range of subject brightness called?
Dynamic range
1 or 2
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Bit

23. A color image with smooth gradiations requires at least what bit depth?
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Short lighting.
Add blue
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors

24. Contrast measures what in a print?
Levels adjustment
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
The difference between light and dark.
Variations command

25. What kind of meter is built in to most cameras?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Reflected light meter
Additive (R - G - B)
aperture diameter

26. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Yellow
Aperture-Priority
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

27. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
Aperture and shutter
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

28. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
1 or 2

29. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Additive (R - G - B)
The difference between light and dark.

30. The term to describe the combination of aperture and shutter speed that can be changed by moving them in opposite directions.
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
emphasizes textures
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Reciprocal relationship

31. What is the term used to describe human's change in perception of a color under different light sources?
Lasso tool
All colors
Metamerism
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

32. In the 20th century - black & white photographers used the Zone system to tame excessive contrast. Now - digital photographers use what?
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
High Dynamic Range
Blue & Green
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors

33. A magic wand tool is used for what?
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
It increases
Follow focus
Selecting portions of the image based on color

34. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
Add magenta
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.

35. A histogram with peaks on either end of the histogram and a deep valley in between represents what?
hue/saturation adjustment layer
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
8 bits
A high contrast image

36. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
Add cyan
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Convex
A new layer

37. When the subtractive primaries are added together equally - what is created?
Bit
In the middle
Reflected light meter
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

38. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Metadata

39. What Photoshop tool allows you to select an area of any size or shape by drawing freehand?
5000K
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
8 bits
Lasso tool

40. A tall vertical line on the right hand edge of a histogram indicates what?
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Blown highlights
Short lighting.

41. What is gamut?
Levels adjustment
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

42. What light source has the highest color temperature?
5000K
JPEG
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.

43. What are the effects of top lighting?
1 or 2
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
5000K
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.

44. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed - what mode are you working in?
Contrast
Aperture-priority
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Butterfly lighting

45. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Short lighting
Because you can move in close to the subject
Fair Use

46. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
Variations command
5000K
Flat lighting
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

47. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
8 stops
Parallax
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Very wide at about 180 degrees

48. What does "photomacrograph" or "macrophotograph" mean?
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
The amount of information contained in each pixel

49. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
9
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.

50. If an image is too cyan - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
1 1/3 stops
Add red
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Black (0)