Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Incident light meter
Actual Pixel view
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.

2. Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements?
Flat lighting
Metadata
Add green
Hue - Luminance - Saturation

3. What is gamut?
Blue
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Zoom lens

4. What two controls adjust the amount of light that reaches the sensor?
Aperture and shutter
The amount of information contained in each pixel
sensor
The impression human vision gives

5. In short lighting - where is the main light placed?
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Blue & Green
Small light source at an angle to the subject
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.

6. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
9
four times more
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Use and adjustment layer

7. What is a flag?
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
lens-to-subject distance
White (255)

8. What is the suggested shutter speed to stop action of a child running parallel to the film plan - about 25 feet from the camera?
Magenta
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
1/250th

9. A magic wand tool is used for what?
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Selecting portions of the image based on color
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

10. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Black (0)
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.

11. What is a derivative file?
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
5000K
Very wide at about 180 degrees
A RAW file that has been altered

12. An image made of pixels is sometimes called what?
Blown highlights
A raster image
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.

13. Tungsten is approximately what color temperature?
Depth of field
Lasso tool
Add magenta
3200 Kelvin

14. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very dark scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Total number of pixels
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.

15. What angle should a polarizing filter be to the sun for best results?
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Use and adjustment layer
lens-to-subject distance

16. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
JPEG
5 -000 Kelvin
Variations command

17. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
Shutter-Priority
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
hue/saturation adjustment layer
The difference between light and dark.

18. If an image is too red - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
RAID system
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Add cyan
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.

19. A tonal correction cannot be accomplished by using a...
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

20. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

21. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Yellow
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Reflected light meter

22. Aperture controls what?
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Soft proofing
High Dynamic Range
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

23. In a digital image - the images file sizes corresponds to the total number of what in the image?
3:1 or 4:1
Variations command
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Total number of pixels

24. What is the best color profile for web images?
A high contrast image
sRGB
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Follow focus

25. What light source has the highest color temperature?
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Shutter speed & aperture
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor

26. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
Metadata
Shutter speed & aperture
Soft proofing
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject

27. What is the inverse square law?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
One stop
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

28. The term to describe the combination of aperture and shutter speed that can be changed by moving them in opposite directions.
Convex
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Reciprocal relationship
8 bits

29. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
Incident light meter
Fair Use
Soft proofing
Levels adjustment

30. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

31. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
1 or 2
Yellow
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
emphasizes textures

32. A filter with a factor of 2 requires how many stops of compensation?

33. All objects beyond the closest distance in focus will be sharp when this appears within the DOF scale.
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Infinity

34. What kind of film can help reduce haze in a landscape?
Infrared
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Yellow

35. Printers use what set of colors?
Butterfly lighting
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Shutter speed & aperture

36. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
A change in illumination
Follow focus
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.

37. Instead of permanently altering your image when adjusting for color and value - what should you do?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Metadata
Use and adjustment layer

38. What is dodging?
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Cyan
Total number of pixels
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

39. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Small light source at an angle to the subject
5000K
A mirror and pentaprism

40. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
Reflected light meter
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
5 -000 Kelvin
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

41. What is an element and where is it found?
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
flat - low contrast light
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

42. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
5 -000 Kelvin
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Add yellow
Selecting portions of the image based on color

43. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Aperture
Parallax
1 or 2

44. Generally - traditional portraits use what lighting ratio?
3:1 or 4:1
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Very wide at about 180 degrees
One stop less

45. A tall vertical line on the right hand edge of a histogram indicates what?
Glossy paper
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Blown highlights

46. The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Glossy paper
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

47. If an image is too green - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Add magenta
Front lighting
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

48. When the subtractive primaries are added together equally - what is created?
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Short lighting.
1 1/3 stops

49. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
Broad lighting
Shutter-Priority
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.

50. This viewing option gives you the most accurate version of your image in Photoshop.
Actual Pixel view
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
3:1 or 4:1