Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
The sensor's sensitivity to light
8 stops
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

2. What is burning?
Depth of field
Add red
Snoot
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

3. The amount of motion blur in an image will increase if you do what?
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Aperture-priority

4. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
Contrast
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
A change in illumination

5. What is an element and where is it found?
A mirror and pentaprism
Aperture
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.

6. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
A high contrast image
Short lighting

7. What is the name of the technique used to make a monitor look like what you will see on your print?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Soft proofing
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
The impression human vision gives

8. An image made of pixels is sometimes called what?
A raster image
5000K
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
JPEG

9. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees

10. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Lower
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
Follow focus

11. Digital cameras use what set of primary colors?
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Additive (R - G - B)
International Organization for Standardization
Yellow

12. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
stopped down
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Add green
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta

13. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
Add red
lens-to-subject distance
JPEG
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.

14. The image transmitted by the lens is recorded by the what?
sensor
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Follow focus

15. What is a color profile?
Actual Pixel view
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Yellow

16. What color is opposite Red on the color wheel?
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Cyan
Total number of pixels
A mirror and pentaprism

17. The area of acceptable sharpness in an image is called what?
Short lighting
Actual Pixel view
Depth of field
Additive (R - G - B)

18. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
Add blue
Front lighting
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.

19. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
sRGB

20. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
Aperture-Priority
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.

21. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
Zoom lens
One stop
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.

22. If an image is too green - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add magenta
Reflected light meter
One stop
Aperture

23. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
The difference between light and dark.
Black (0)
Butterfly lighting
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

24. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Use and adjustment layer
Aperture
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

25. An 8x10 at 240 dpi will have a resolution of what?
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
A raster image
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Very wide at about 180 degrees

26. Blue is opposite what color on the color wheel?
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Add yellow
Fair Use
Yellow

27. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
Shutter speed & aperture
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
1 1/3 stops
Parallax

28. Daylight is approximately what color temperature?
5 -000 Kelvin
9
It increases
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

29. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
1/250th
Metadata

30. What is the effect of front lighting?
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
lens-to-subject distance

31. What angle should a polarizing filter be to the sun for best results?
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.

32. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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33. The relative aperture is equal to the lens focal length divided by what?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
aperture diameter
9
A raster image

34. What do TTL systems react to?
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
The difference between light and dark.
Butterfly lighting

35. What image adjustment tool uses a histogram display to alter an image?
Cyan
Levels adjustment
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.

36. Perspective is affected by what?
Glossy paper
Use and adjustment layer
lens-to-subject distance
The impression human vision gives

37. What is the inverse square law?
Follow focus
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Aperture

38. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
Bit
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
1/250th
Additive (R - G - B)

39. What is focal length - technically?
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Aperture-priority
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

40. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
High Dynamic Range
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
A change in illumination
The amount of information contained in each pixel

41. What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject?
RAID system
Add red
Infinity
flat - low contrast light

42. Cyan is composed of equal parts of what two colors?
Blue & Green
four times more
A RAW file that has been altered
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

43. A normal (or standard) focal length lens approximates what?
Fisheye
The impression human vision gives
RAID system
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.

44. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
Dynamic range
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Add blue
A raster image

45. A tall vertical line on the right hand edge of a histogram indicates what?
One stop
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Blown highlights
A raster image

46. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
Infinity
Yellow
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Short lighting.

47. What color is between Magenta and Cyan on the color wheel?
The impression human vision gives
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Blue
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)

48. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
9
Cyan
In the middle
Add yellow

49. Resolution refers to what?
Metamerism
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)

50. What two controls adjust the amount of light that reaches the sensor?
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Aperture and shutter
A change in illumination
Add blue