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Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
Aperture
256
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

2. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
Short lighting.
Add blue
Cyan
JPEG

3. A tonal correction cannot be accomplished by using a...
hue/saturation adjustment layer
sensor
Contrast
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

4. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

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5. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Shutter-Priority

6. A tall vertical line on the right hand edge of a histogram indicates what?
hue/saturation adjustment layer
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Blown highlights

7. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject

8. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Additive (R - G - B)
Glossy paper

9. What angle should a polarizing filter be to the sun for best results?
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Snoot
3200 Kelvin

10. If an image is too green - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Blue
Aperture-priority
Add magenta
9

11. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
Metamerism
Short lighting
A mirror and pentaprism
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.

12. What does side lighting emphasize?
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
emphasizes textures
Broad lighting
Small light source at an angle to the subject

13. What is a flag?
lens-to-subject distance
Blue & Green
Magenta
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

14. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

15. Digital cameras use what set of primary colors?
Additive (R - G - B)
Follow focus
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Add yellow

16. The term to describe the combination of aperture and shutter speed that can be changed by moving them in opposite directions.
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Levels adjustment
Reciprocal relationship
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

17. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
Yellow
5 -000 Kelvin
Convex
International Organization for Standardization

18. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
Black (0)
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Blue
Depth of field

19. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very dark scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.

20. The relative aperture is equal to the lens focal length divided by what?
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
5000K
The amount of information contained in each pixel
aperture diameter

21. This viewing option gives you the most accurate version of your image in Photoshop.
Actual Pixel view
A RAW file that has been altered
3:1 or 4:1
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta

22. Resolution refers to what?
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
8 stops
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

23. What light source has the highest color temperature?
One stop
Because you can move in close to the subject
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

24. What kind of meter is built in to most cameras?
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Levels adjustment
Reflected light meter
A high contrast image

25. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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26. What does "photomacrograph" or "macrophotograph" mean?
Add magenta
The amount of information contained in each pixel
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."

27. A lens with a very wide angle of view and produces barrel distortion is what kind of lens?
Short lighting.
Contrast
aperture diameter
Fisheye

28. Doubling the aperture setting creates how many stops difference in the amount of light reaching the sensor?
One stop
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
It increases

29. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
stopped down
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Incident light meter
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.

30. In the 20th century - black & white photographers used the Zone system to tame excessive contrast. Now - digital photographers use what?
High Dynamic Range
Snoot
1 1/3 stops
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject

31. What kind of film can help reduce haze in a landscape?
flat - low contrast light
Shutter-Priority
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Infrared

32. When the size of the aperture is decreased - it is said to be what?
Short lighting.
stopped down
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Parallax

33. What does a neutral density filter do?
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

34. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
High Dynamic Range
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
A change in illumination
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

35. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

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36. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
No
Follow focus
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
A high contrast image

37. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
hue/saturation adjustment layer
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Butterfly lighting

38. What is the suggested shutter speed to stop action of a child running parallel to the film plan - about 25 feet from the camera?
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
1/250th
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.

39. The image transmitted by the lens is recorded by the what?
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
sensor
A mirror and pentaprism
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

40. In short lighting - where is the main light placed?
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Metamerism
8 stops
No

41. The smallest unit of digital information is called a what?
Bit
Fair Use
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

42. Aperture controls what?
Follow focus
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Very wide at about 180 degrees
The sensor's sensitivity to light

43. Panning does what?
Add blue
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

44. What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent?
White (255)
Reciprocal relationship
Aperture-priority
The impression human vision gives

45. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
A high contrast image
1/250th
Hue - Luminance - Saturation

46. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
sRGB
It increases
Aperture-priority
9

47. An image made of pixels is sometimes called what?
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
A raster image

48. This stores electronic images captured in a digital camera until they can be transferred to a computer.
Flat lighting
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Parallax
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

49. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
Infinity
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Zoom lens

50. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
A new layer
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
Broad lighting

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