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Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What does ISO stand for?
Blown highlights
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Zoom lens
International Organization for Standardization

2. When the subtractive primaries are added together equally - what is created?
3:1 or 4:1
Aperture-Priority
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.

3. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Shutter-Priority
aperture diameter
Zoom lens

4. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
Broad lighting
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
A change in illumination
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)

5. In a curves adjustment layer - what does the shape of the curve indicate?
8 stops
Cyan
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Contrast

6. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
The impression human vision gives
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
A mirror and pentaprism
hue/saturation adjustment layer

7. Instead of permanently altering your image when adjusting for color and value - what should you do?
3200 Kelvin
Actual Pixel view
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Use and adjustment layer

8. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Soft proofing
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Yellow

9. Aperture controls what?
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Incident light meter
sRGB
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).

10. A histogram with peaks on either end of the histogram and a deep valley in between represents what?
Add yellow
A new layer
A high contrast image
8 stops

11. What color is opposite Green on the color wheel?
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Aperture
Magenta
Reflected light meter

12. Perspective is affected by what?
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
lens-to-subject distance
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree

13. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture.
Shutter-Priority
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Add red

14. An image made of pixels is sometimes called what?
Selecting portions of the image based on color
A raster image
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Depth of field

15. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

16. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
Aperture
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Convex

17. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
Contrast
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
1/250th
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.

18. Cyan is composed of equal parts of what two colors?
Add blue
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Blue & Green
Hue - Luminance - Saturation

19. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
A new layer
Add magenta

20. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Aperture-priority
Follow focus
sRGB

21. Digital cameras use what set of primary colors?
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
A raster image
Additive (R - G - B)

22. What are IPTC fields used for?
3:1 or 4:1
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
5000K
Dynamic range

23. What color is opposite Red on the color wheel?
256
Because you can move in close to the subject
Cyan
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree

24. What is a flag?
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
256
Follow focus
Variations command

25. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
5000K
four times more

26. What image adjustment tool uses a histogram display to alter an image?
A mirror and pentaprism
Levels adjustment
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta

27. Doubling the aperture setting creates how many stops difference in the amount of light reaching the sensor?
5 -000 Kelvin
One stop
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
A change in illumination

28. When buying a lens hood - you should get it in what size relative to the lens?

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29. An 8x10 at 240 dpi will have a resolution of what?
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Because you can move in close to the subject
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

30. What is a derivative file?
Blue & Green
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
A RAW file that has been altered
Blown highlights

31. The useable exposure range of a sensor - or the range of subject brightness is called what?
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Incident light meter
Levels adjustment
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)

32. The area of acceptable sharpness in an image is called what?
Convex
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Depth of field
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.

33. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Metadata
Short lighting.
Add yellow
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.

34. Name two ways you can increase depth of field (other than changing aperture).
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
A raster image
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Aperture and shutter

35. What light source has the highest color temperature?
Bit
emphasizes textures
four times more
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

36. What is a Bit?
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
lens-to-subject distance
Aperture-Priority

37. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
Because you can move in close to the subject
Depth of field
All colors
In the middle

38. All objects beyond the closest distance in focus will be sharp when this appears within the DOF scale.
Because you can move in close to the subject
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Flat lighting
Infinity

39. What is TTL?
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Aperture
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

40. The term to describe the combination of aperture and shutter speed that can be changed by moving them in opposite directions.
Yellow
Reciprocal relationship
White (255)
Fair Use

41. What is focal length - technically?
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Broad lighting
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
High Dynamic Range

42. To emphasize texture in a portrait - what kind of light source is recommended?
Small light source at an angle to the subject
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

43. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
The impression human vision gives
Shutter-Priority
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Front lighting

44. The relative aperture is equal to the lens focal length divided by what?
Cyan
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
aperture diameter
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor

45. This stores electronic images captured in a digital camera until they can be transferred to a computer.
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Blown highlights
Convex

46. What are the effects of high side lighting?
JPEG
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Levels adjustment
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.

47. How is brightness and contrast best controlled in Photoshop?
High Dynamic Range
Levels adjustment
Glossy paper
One stop less

48. What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent?
White (255)
Front lighting
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Glossy paper

49. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Parallax
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Depth of field

50. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
JPEG
Infinity
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
256

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