Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Perspective is affected by what?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Follow focus
A new layer
lens-to-subject distance

2. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
Follow focus
Add cyan
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.

3. Aperture controls what?
3200 Kelvin
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Additive (R - G - B)
Add yellow

4. What angle of view does a reflected light meter read?
Metadata
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
The impression human vision gives

5. What is the usable exposure range - or range of subject brightness called?
Follow focus
aperture diameter
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Dynamic range

6. When buying a lens hood - you should get it in what size relative to the lens?

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7. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Reflected light meter
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Soft proofing
Add yellow

8. The image transmitted by the lens is recorded by the what?
sensor
Actual Pixel view
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

9. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Convex
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
lens-to-subject distance

10. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
A mirror and pentaprism
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Very wide at about 180 degrees

11. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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12. What is a derivative file?
A RAW file that has been altered
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Shutter-priority
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

13. What is dodging?
A raster image
aperture diameter
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

14. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
1 or 2
stopped down

15. What is the best color profile for web images?
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
It increases
sRGB
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

16. What kind of lighting pattern places the key light directly in front of and higher than the face?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Bit
flat - low contrast light
Butterfly lighting

17. What Photoshop tool allows you to select an area of any size or shape by drawing freehand?
Actual Pixel view
Convex
Lasso tool
3:1 or 4:1

18. A histogram with peaks on either end of the histogram and a deep valley in between represents what?
Cyan
flat - low contrast light
A high contrast image
A mirror and pentaprism

19. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
Short lighting.
Black (0)
Snoot
four times more

20. What does ISO stand for?
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Butterfly lighting
International Organization for Standardization
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)

21. What does "photomacrograph" or "macrophotograph" mean?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
The impression human vision gives
Aperture
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

22. To emphasize texture in a portrait - what kind of light source is recommended?
flat - low contrast light
Because you can move in close to the subject
Small light source at an angle to the subject
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)

23. What is gamut?
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
The brightness of all the pixels in an image

24. This light modifier can be used to highlight a specific area of the subject.
Butterfly lighting
Snoot
Follow focus
Add yellow

25. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
Short lighting.
Follow focus
One stop less
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color

26. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Black (0)
Aperture
A change in illumination

27. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed - what mode are you working in?
1/250th
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Butterfly lighting
Aperture-priority

28. What kind of meter is built in to most cameras?
Reflected light meter
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

29. A lens with a very wide angle of view and produces barrel distortion is what kind of lens?
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Fair Use
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Fisheye

30. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
four times more
Because you can move in close to the subject

31. A magic wand tool is used for what?
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Selecting portions of the image based on color
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.

32. What is the term used to describe a sensor's sensitivity to light?
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
ISO
A RAW file that has been altered

33. Generally - traditional portraits use what lighting ratio?
3:1 or 4:1
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Blue & Green

34. What is the effect of front lighting?
Add red
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Follow focus
Zoom lens

35. What kind of film can help reduce haze in a landscape?
A new layer
Infrared
sensor
Magenta

36. Photoshop's command for a simple way to start using color balance is what?
Variations command
Aperture and shutter
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
High Dynamic Range

37. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Shutter-Priority
Lower
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

38. What is the inverse square law?
Short lighting
The difference between light and dark.
RAID system
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.

39. Panning does what?
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Blue & Green

40. Contrast measures what in a print?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
The difference between light and dark.
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Glossy paper

41. What light source has the highest color temperature?
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Soft proofing
Cyan
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

42. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
Fisheye
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
In the middle

43. What are the effects of top lighting?
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
JPEG
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
3:1 or 4:1

44. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
Metadata
256
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast

45. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Blue & Green
Total number of pixels
In the middle

46. Generally - how much exposure compensation (in stops) should be used when using a polarizing filter?
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
1 1/3 stops
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Add green

47. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed.
aperture diameter
Aperture-Priority
Reciprocal relationship
Small light source at an angle to the subject

48. A tall vertical line on the right hand edge of a histogram indicates what?
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Blown highlights
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."

49. The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper?
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Glossy paper

50. What color is opposite Green on the color wheel?
Magenta
Yellow
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Infrared