Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the term used to describe a sensor's sensitivity to light?
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Parallax
ISO
Infinity

2. Sharpness from near to far is controlled by what?
The sensor's sensitivity to light
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Aperture
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)

3. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
5000K
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Magenta
Follow focus

4. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
Butterfly lighting
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
256

5. A histogram shows what in an image?
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
9

6. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
1 or 2
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

7. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
Add cyan
Dynamic range
lens-to-subject distance
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)

8. A filter with a factor of 2 requires how many stops of compensation?

9. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
3200 Kelvin
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
One stop less
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

10. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Aperture-priority
Add yellow
stopped down
1 1/3 stops

11. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
Fair Use
Incident light meter
Zoom lens
5 -000 Kelvin

12. An 8x10 at 240 dpi will have a resolution of what?
Reflected light meter
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Add green

13. Can you save layers in a JPEG file format?
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Aperture and shutter
No
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.

14. Resolution refers to what?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Zoom lens
Shutter speed & aperture

15. What does "photomacrograph" or "macrophotograph" mean?
Reflected light meter
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.

16. What would you use an ICC profile for?
Contrast
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
One stop
flat - low contrast light

17. How would you define exposure in mathematical terms?
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
The amount of information contained in each pixel
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

18. The term to describe the combination of aperture and shutter speed that can be changed by moving them in opposite directions.
Reciprocal relationship
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Short lighting.
Actual Pixel view

19. The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Half as much light
Glossy paper

20. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Parallax
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

21. What is gamut?
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
3200 Kelvin

22. Going clockwise around the color wheel - starting with RED - what is the progression of colors?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Depth of field
Fisheye
A new layer

23. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
Cyan
Front lighting
8 bits
5000K

24. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
Half as much light
Lasso tool
Very wide at about 180 degrees
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light

25. What does a neutral density filter do?
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Infinity
Short lighting.
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

26. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

27. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Aperture and shutter
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)

28. As the aperture is stopped down - what happens to sharpness?
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Reflected light meter

29. The image transmitted by the lens is recorded by the what?
The impression human vision gives
Reflected light meter
Aperture and shutter
sensor

30. What color is opposite Green on the color wheel?
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Magenta
Add green
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

31. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Black (0)
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast

32. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
3200 Kelvin

33. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Blown highlights
A mirror and pentaprism
Fair Use

34. What color is opposite Red on the color wheel?
Metadata
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Cyan

35. What determines what will be a 'normal' focal length lens on a particular camera?
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
3200 Kelvin
Metamerism

36. What are the effects of high side lighting?
The difference between light and dark.
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
A high contrast image

37. What does side lighting emphasize?
Convex
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
emphasizes textures
Incident light meter

38. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
Convex
Add yellow
Lower
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

39. Focal length controls what?
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Actual Pixel view

40. What is the effect of front lighting?
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Bit
A new layer

41. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
1 or 2
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Blue
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light

42. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
1 or 2
Follow focus
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)

43. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
High Dynamic Range

44. Instead of permanently altering your image when adjusting for color and value - what should you do?
Additive (R - G - B)
Use and adjustment layer
Aperture-Priority
Short lighting.

45. What color is between Magenta and Cyan on the color wheel?
Blue
5000K
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

46. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
Levels adjustment
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Metadata

47. Contrast measures what in a print?
The difference between light and dark.
Black (0)
A RAW file that has been altered
One stop less

48. The relative aperture is equal to the lens focal length divided by what?
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Actual Pixel view
aperture diameter

49. A histogram with peaks on either end of the histogram and a deep valley in between represents what?
Aperture
A high contrast image
1 1/3 stops
Front lighting

50. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Aperture-Priority
four times more
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi