Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
Snoot
9
Levels adjustment
aperture diameter

2. What is interpolated resolution?
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

3. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture - what mode are you working in?
Shutter-priority
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Follow focus
Cyan

4. What color is opposite Red on the color wheel?
Shutter speed & aperture
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Cyan
Front lighting

5. What is a derivative file?
A RAW file that has been altered
One stop less
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
5000K

6. What is burning?
1 1/3 stops
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Metadata
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

7. What color is between Magenta and Cyan on the color wheel?
Blue
Blown highlights
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta

8. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Short lighting
5000K
Depth of field

9. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
Lasso tool
Incident light meter
Very wide at about 180 degrees
One stop

10. What are the effects of top lighting?
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
A RAW file that has been altered
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Snoot

11. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
Parallax
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
A new layer
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

12. Focal length controls what?
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
A new layer
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

13. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

14. Tungsten is approximately what color temperature?
Add blue
One stop less
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
3200 Kelvin

15. What kind of film can help reduce haze in a landscape?
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
5000K
Infrared
Snoot

16. When the additive primaries are mixed together equally - what is created?
stopped down
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
sensor
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

17. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Short lighting
Metamerism
Front lighting

18. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add green
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
lens-to-subject distance
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

19. What angle should a polarizing filter be to the sun for best results?
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
A high contrast image
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."

20. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
Cyan
Short lighting.
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.

21. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
Black (0)
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Soft proofing

22. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
8 stops
Aperture-Priority
One stop less
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)

23. If an image is too green - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add magenta
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Add yellow
Lasso tool

24. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
It increases
Metadata

25. A 1:1 lighting ratio produces what lighting result?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Flat lighting
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."

26. What does a neutral density filter do?
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Front lighting
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.

27. What are the effects of high side lighting?
Metamerism
Incident light meter
Small light source at an angle to the subject
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.

28. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Because you can move in close to the subject
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
A change in illumination

29. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Infrared
8 stops

30. What are IPTC fields used for?
Butterfly lighting
The difference between light and dark.
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

31. Generally - traditional portraits use what lighting ratio?
International Organization for Standardization
Incident light meter
3:1 or 4:1
One stop less

32. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed - what mode are you working in?
A mirror and pentaprism
aperture diameter
Aperture-priority
Use and adjustment layer

33. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Levels adjustment
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Add magenta
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.

34. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Zoom lens
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
JPEG

35. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
8 stops
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

36. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
four times more
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.

37. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
Follow focus
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
A high contrast image
5 -000 Kelvin

38. What is a BYTE?
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
One stop

39. What kind of meter is built in to most cameras?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Reflected light meter
Black (0)

40. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
A mirror and pentaprism
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)

41. If an image is too red - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Dynamic range
Add cyan
Shutter-priority

42. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
1 or 2
8 bits
JPEG
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image

43. A magic wand tool is used for what?
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.

44. The term to describe the combination of aperture and shutter speed that can be changed by moving them in opposite directions.
Reciprocal relationship
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Front lighting
A mirror and pentaprism

45. What is the term used to describe a sensor's sensitivity to light?
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
ISO
Soft proofing
Shutter-priority

46. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Follow focus
Variations command

47. What Photoshop tool allows you to select an area of any size or shape by drawing freehand?
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Lasso tool
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

48. How is brightness and contrast best controlled in Photoshop?
Yellow
Levels adjustment
Add magenta
Subtractive primaries (plus black)

49. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
High Dynamic Range
8 stops
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.

50. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
RAID system
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject