Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Metadata

2. What light source has the highest color temperature?
Use and adjustment layer
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
No

3. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.

4. Focal length controls what?
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.

5. Digital cameras use what set of primary colors?
Add blue
Fair Use
Additive (R - G - B)
RAID system

6. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very dark scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
four times more

7. If an image is too red - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add cyan
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.

8. What is dodging?
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
1 1/3 stops
JPEG

9. A general purpose lens will provide an f-stop range of up to how many?
Reciprocal relationship
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Bit
8 stops

10. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
256
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Yellow
Butterfly lighting

11. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture.
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Blown highlights
Shutter-Priority
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

12. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Broad lighting

13. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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14. What is a thyristor?
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Aperture
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.

15. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
emphasizes textures
Dynamic range
Zoom lens

16. What is a color profile?
Infrared
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Reflected light meter
Shutter-priority

17. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
RAID system
Variations command
Shutter speed & aperture
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor

18. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
four times more
Reflected light meter
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)

19. Bit depth refers to what?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Hue - Luminance - Saturation

20. What are luminance and illuminance?
Variations command
The impression human vision gives
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

21. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
A new layer
stopped down
Broad lighting
Add cyan

22. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

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23. Perspective is affected by what?
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
lens-to-subject distance
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast

24. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Lower
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Total number of pixels

25. What does a neutral density filter do?
Add yellow
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.

26. This type of backup system is fault-tolerant because it creates redundant data.
A RAW file that has been altered
Parallax
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
RAID system

27. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
sensor
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.

28. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
Convex
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Follow focus
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.

29. Panning does what?
Glossy paper
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
ISO
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

30. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
Follow focus
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Black (0)
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

31. In the 20th century - black & white photographers used the Zone system to tame excessive contrast. Now - digital photographers use what?
Depth of field
Zoom lens
High Dynamic Range
Selecting portions of the image based on color

32. What two controls adjust the amount of light that reaches the sensor?
Aperture-priority
Aperture and shutter
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Contrast

33. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Incident light meter
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Add yellow
Use and adjustment layer

34. What angle of view does a reflected light meter read?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Broad lighting
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
1 1/3 stops

35. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
8 bits
Bit
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.

36. Blue is opposite what color on the color wheel?
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Yellow
Black (0)
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.

37. In short lighting - where is the main light placed?
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."

38. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Black (0)
Contrast
A new layer

39. Doubling the aperture setting creates how many stops difference in the amount of light reaching the sensor?
One stop
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)

40. In a digital image - the images file sizes corresponds to the total number of what in the image?
Very wide at about 180 degrees
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Total number of pixels
256

41. What is gamut?
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Fair Use
Add magenta
Subtractive primaries (plus black)

42. What determines what will be a 'normal' focal length lens on a particular camera?
Aperture and shutter
A new layer
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)

43. What Photoshop tool allows you to select an area of any size or shape by drawing freehand?
ISO
lens-to-subject distance
Lasso tool
Aperture

44. Cyan is composed of equal parts of what two colors?
In the middle
Blue & Green
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)

45. A normal (or standard) focal length lens approximates what?
Depth of field
The impression human vision gives
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Short lighting

46. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

47. How is brightness and contrast best controlled in Photoshop?
One stop
Half as much light
Levels adjustment
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

48. The relative aperture is equal to the lens focal length divided by what?
aperture diameter
emphasizes textures
Short lighting.
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

49. Can you save layers in a JPEG file format?
No
A mirror and pentaprism
sensor
Fair Use

50. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
8 bits
A mirror and pentaprism