Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What kind of meter is built in to most cameras?
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Incident light meter
Reflected light meter

2. A histogram shows what in an image?
Blue & Green
One stop less
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Selecting portions of the image based on color

3. If an image is too red - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add magenta
5000K
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Add cyan

4. What do TTL systems react to?
Blue
hue/saturation adjustment layer
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject

5. This kind of meter is preferred by photographers working in a studio situation where lighting conditions can be altered.
Additive (R - G - B)
sRGB
Incident light meter
A mirror and pentaprism

6. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
It increases
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Convex
Because you can move in close to the subject

7. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

8. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
1/250th
Broad lighting
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)

9. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed - what mode are you working in?
lens-to-subject distance
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Aperture-priority
Aperture and shutter

10. Digital cameras use what set of primary colors?
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Additive (R - G - B)
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

11. The term to describe the combination of aperture and shutter speed that can be changed by moving them in opposite directions.
It increases
Reciprocal relationship
International Organization for Standardization
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

12. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

13. What is dodging?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Aperture-Priority
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light

14. A filter with a factor of 2 requires how many stops of compensation?

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15. What is the name of the technique used to make a monitor look like what you will see on your print?
Soft proofing
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
aperture diameter
stopped down

16. What are the effects of top lighting?
Selecting portions of the image based on color
stopped down
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

17. What is a thyristor?
Shutter-priority
Lower
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Use and adjustment layer

18. What image adjustment tool uses a histogram display to alter an image?
A high contrast image
Levels adjustment
A RAW file that has been altered
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).

19. In a curves adjustment layer - what does the shape of the curve indicate?
5 -000 Kelvin
Contrast
8 stops
A new layer

20. What is a derivative file?
A RAW file that has been altered
Shutter-priority
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

21. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

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22. What kind of film can help reduce haze in a landscape?
Infrared
Use and adjustment layer
Because you can move in close to the subject
Blue

23. In the 20th century - black & white photographers used the Zone system to tame excessive contrast. Now - digital photographers use what?
Total number of pixels
Very wide at about 180 degrees
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
High Dynamic Range

24. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Black (0)
No

25. To emphasize texture in a portrait - what kind of light source is recommended?
1/250th
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Small light source at an angle to the subject

26. Daylight is approximately what color temperature?
5 -000 Kelvin
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Use and adjustment layer
Zoom lens

27. Photoshop's command for a simple way to start using color balance is what?
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
A raster image
Front lighting
Variations command

28. What Photoshop tool allows you to select an area of any size or shape by drawing freehand?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Lasso tool
5000K
Variations command

29. Printers use what set of colors?
5 -000 Kelvin
A RAW file that has been altered
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Subtractive primaries (plus black)

30. What is the suggested shutter speed to stop action of a child running parallel to the film plan - about 25 feet from the camera?
ISO
Cyan
1/250th
Small light source at an angle to the subject

31. What is TTL?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Snoot
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

32. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
A high contrast image
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Metamerism

33. What would you use an ICC profile for?
Shutter-priority
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Snoot

34. Perspective is affected by what?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
In the middle
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
lens-to-subject distance

35. What is gamut?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Flat lighting
Shutter-Priority

36. A lens with a very wide angle of view and produces barrel distortion is what kind of lens?
Front lighting
Fisheye
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
All colors

37. Going clockwise around the color wheel - starting with RED - what is the progression of colors?
Aperture-Priority
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Additive (R - G - B)
All colors

38. Sharpness from near to far is controlled by what?
Aperture-Priority
9
Aperture
5 -000 Kelvin

39. Doubling the aperture setting creates how many stops difference in the amount of light reaching the sensor?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Infrared
One stop
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

40. When buying a lens hood - you should get it in what size relative to the lens?

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41. Focal length controls what?
3:1 or 4:1
Fair Use
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Yellow

42. What is a Bit?
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Shutter-Priority

43. What kind of lighting pattern places the key light directly in front of and higher than the face?
Butterfly lighting
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

44. Name two ways you can increase depth of field (other than changing aperture).
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
sensor
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject

45. How is brightness and contrast best controlled in Photoshop?
Levels adjustment
3:1 or 4:1
Broad lighting
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

46. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Shutter speed & aperture
Follow focus
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.

47. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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48. In short lighting - where is the main light placed?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Add yellow
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)

49. What is burning?
5 -000 Kelvin
Glossy paper
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

50. This stores electronic images captured in a digital camera until they can be transferred to a computer.
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Butterfly lighting
Total number of pixels
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card