Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. To emphasize texture in a portrait - what kind of light source is recommended?
Aperture-priority
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
8 stops

2. A tonal correction cannot be accomplished by using a...
Contrast
flat - low contrast light
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
hue/saturation adjustment layer

3. What is dodging?
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Blue & Green
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

4. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
All colors
A RAW file that has been altered
Shutter-Priority
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).

5. A color image with smooth gradiations requires at least what bit depth?
Reflected light meter
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Broad lighting

6. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
1 1/3 stops
A high contrast image
Magenta
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

7. What is focal length - technically?
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Lower
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.

8. The smallest unit of digital information is called a what?
Bit
1/250th
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

9. As the aperture is stopped down - what happens to sharpness?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
emphasizes textures
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

10. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
A new layer
White (255)
Add blue
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

11. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
Metadata
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
four times more
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.

12. What does side lighting emphasize?
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
emphasizes textures
Total number of pixels
Reciprocal relationship

13. A normal (or standard) focal length lens approximates what?
Butterfly lighting
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
JPEG
The impression human vision gives

14. Sharpness from near to far is controlled by what?
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Aperture

15. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Infrared
High Dynamic Range
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
The amount of information contained in each pixel

16. What color is opposite Green on the color wheel?
Magenta
One stop less
Variations command
Soft proofing

17. In short lighting - where is the main light placed?
1 1/3 stops
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.

18. Resolution refers to what?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
3200 Kelvin
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

19. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed.
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Soft proofing
Aperture-Priority

20. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
All colors
Glossy paper
Zoom lens

21. If an image is too cyan - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
No
1/250th
Add red
Incident light meter

22. What angle of view does a reflected light meter read?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Add blue
Add yellow
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image

23. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Additive (R - G - B)
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

24. Can you save layers in a JPEG file format?
Half as much light
Zoom lens
Metamerism
No

25. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
Convex
Very wide at about 180 degrees
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
Cyan

26. When the size of the aperture is decreased - it is said to be what?
stopped down
One stop less
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

27. What are luminance and illuminance?
stopped down
Add yellow
All colors
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)

28. The area of acceptable sharpness in an image is called what?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Depth of field

29. An 8x10 at 240 dpi will have a resolution of what?
International Organization for Standardization
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
hue/saturation adjustment layer

30. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
It increases
Infinity
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Because you can move in close to the subject

31. What are the effects of top lighting?
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

32. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed - what mode are you working in?
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
All colors
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Aperture-priority

33. Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements?
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Metadata
Add red

34. Blue is opposite what color on the color wheel?
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Parallax
Soft proofing
Yellow

35. What light source has the highest color temperature?
Metadata
Snoot
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

36. What does ISO stand for?
A high contrast image
International Organization for Standardization
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)

37. What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject?
One stop
Blown highlights
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
flat - low contrast light

38. What are the effects of high side lighting?
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Add cyan
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
JPEG

39. What is a BYTE?
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
High Dynamic Range
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

40. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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41. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Reciprocal relationship
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.

42. What is the term used to describe a sensor's sensitivity to light?
ISO
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
8 bits

43. What is gamut?
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Levels adjustment
Depth of field
A new layer

44. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
Shutter-Priority
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
8 bits
Yellow

45. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
Infrared
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Total number of pixels
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment

46. What color is opposite Red on the color wheel?
Add blue
Additive (R - G - B)
Cyan
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

47. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Fair Use
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)

48. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
It increases
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
sRGB

49. A 1:1 lighting ratio produces what lighting result?
Fisheye
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Flat lighting

50. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
3200 Kelvin
emphasizes textures
Metadata
5000K