Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. A histogram shows what in an image?
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Yellow

2. A 1:1 lighting ratio produces what lighting result?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
1/250th
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Flat lighting

3. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
JPEG
International Organization for Standardization
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Short lighting

4. A color image with smooth gradiations requires at least what bit depth?
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
sRGB
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Additive (R - G - B)

5. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
Selecting portions of the image based on color
The amount of information contained in each pixel
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

6. Bit depth refers to what?
8 bits
flat - low contrast light
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
The amount of information contained in each pixel

7. What is a derivative file?
Shutter-priority
stopped down
A RAW file that has been altered
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

8. What are the effects of high side lighting?
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
lens-to-subject distance
Selecting portions of the image based on color
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.

9. When the subtractive primaries are added together equally - what is created?
Actual Pixel view
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
A mirror and pentaprism

10. The smallest unit of digital information is called a what?
Bit
International Organization for Standardization
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.

11. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture.
Shutter-Priority
Lasso tool
lens-to-subject distance
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light

12. What does ISO stand for?
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
International Organization for Standardization
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject

13. What is the term used to describe human's change in perception of a color under different light sources?
Metamerism
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
RAID system
Blue & Green

14. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Shutter speed & aperture
A new layer
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.

15. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
One stop
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
A new layer

16. Blue is opposite what color on the color wheel?
Yellow
Soft proofing
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
One stop

17. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
Very wide at about 180 degrees
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Depth of field
Fair Use

18. What angle of view does a reflected light meter read?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
9
1 or 2
Reciprocal relationship

19. The useable exposure range of a sensor - or the range of subject brightness is called what?
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Bit

20. What is the name of the issue that prevents you from seeing exactly what the lens sees when using a rangefinder camera?
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
High Dynamic Range
Parallax

21. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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22. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
hue/saturation adjustment layer
In the middle
8 stops

23. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
Blue
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
A mirror and pentaprism
Total number of pixels

24. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Aperture-priority
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.

25. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
8 stops
JPEG
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Shutter speed & aperture

26. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
Half as much light
The sensor's sensitivity to light
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
One stop less

27. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed - what mode are you working in?
Aperture-priority
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Actual Pixel view
Levels adjustment

28. What is interpolated resolution?
A new layer
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Incident light meter

29. Generally - how much exposure compensation (in stops) should be used when using a polarizing filter?
1 1/3 stops
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

30. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
Black (0)
Metamerism
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree

31. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Lower
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Snoot

32. What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject?
8 stops
flat - low contrast light
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color

33. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Flat lighting
Short lighting.

34. Instead of permanently altering your image when adjusting for color and value - what should you do?
Use and adjustment layer
Depth of field
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
8 bits

35. What are luminance and illuminance?
A raster image
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Metadata
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.

36. What is the name of the technique used to make a monitor look like what you will see on your print?
Front lighting
Soft proofing
International Organization for Standardization
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.

37. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
Use and adjustment layer
Broad lighting
flat - low contrast light
sensor

38. If an image is too red - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Short lighting
Add cyan
Cyan

39. The term to describe the combination of aperture and shutter speed that can be changed by moving them in opposite directions.
Reciprocal relationship
Levels adjustment
RAID system
Shutter-priority

40. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
Add yellow
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.

41. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
Reciprocal relationship
All colors
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Hue - Luminance - Saturation

42. This light modifier can be used to highlight a specific area of the subject.
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Zoom lens
Snoot
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

43. If an image is too yellow - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Shutter-Priority
Add blue
Add magenta

44. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)

45. What is a thyristor?
Glossy paper
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Lower
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.

46. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
Front lighting
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
A new layer
Additive (R - G - B)

47. When buying a lens hood - you should get it in what size relative to the lens?

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48. What is burning?
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Add yellow
Shutter speed & aperture

49. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
flat - low contrast light
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

50. What are IPTC fields used for?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Reflected light meter
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Blown highlights