Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Infinity
sensor
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.

2. A 1:1 lighting ratio produces what lighting result?
aperture diameter
Flat lighting
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
All colors

3. The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper?
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Glossy paper
Aperture and shutter

4. The area of acceptable sharpness in an image is called what?
Depth of field
Yellow
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
The brightness of all the pixels in an image

5. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
Add magenta
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
In the middle
Convex

6. What is the best color profile for web images?
sRGB
Cyan
5000K
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.

7. A technique used to maintain sharp focus on a subject that is moving toward you is called what?
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Follow focus
Bit
Short lighting.

8. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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9. When the additive primaries are mixed together equally - what is created?
A RAW file that has been altered
Snoot
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
One stop

10. What are luminance and illuminance?
Snoot
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)

11. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
Butterfly lighting
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

12. Sharpness from near to far is controlled by what?
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Aperture
lens-to-subject distance
Magenta

13. What kind of lighting pattern places the key light directly in front of and higher than the face?
White (255)
Butterfly lighting
Yellow
Hue - Luminance - Saturation

14. How would you define exposure in mathematical terms?
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
JPEG
lens-to-subject distance
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

15. Can you save layers in a JPEG file format?
No
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
A high contrast image
Shutter-priority

16. What is a flag?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
A high contrast image
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

17. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
Cyan
Flat lighting
Shutter-priority
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

18. An 8x10 at 240 dpi will have a resolution of what?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Infrared
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.

19. Aperture controls what?
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Add red
Reciprocal relationship
Butterfly lighting

20. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
hue/saturation adjustment layer
5000K
3:1 or 4:1

21. This viewing option gives you the most accurate version of your image in Photoshop.
Actual Pixel view
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Levels adjustment
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

22. Doubling the aperture setting creates how many stops difference in the amount of light reaching the sensor?
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
One stop
A new layer

23. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
four times more
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Shutter speed & aperture

24. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
flat - low contrast light
Fisheye

25. The relative aperture is equal to the lens focal length divided by what?
Depth of field
Lower
aperture diameter
Convex

26. What angle of view does a reflected light meter read?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Zoom lens
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)

27. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

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28. Generally - traditional portraits use what lighting ratio?
Zoom lens
Selecting portions of the image based on color
3:1 or 4:1
The amount of information contained in each pixel

29. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
Aperture and shutter
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Fair Use
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

30. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Convex

31. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Shutter-Priority
Infrared
8 bits

32. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

33. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
sRGB
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Flat lighting

34. Resolution refers to what?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Add cyan
Broad lighting

35. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Parallax

36. In a curves adjustment layer - what does the shape of the curve indicate?
Contrast
stopped down
ISO
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

37. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
A RAW file that has been altered
All colors
Infinity
Half as much light

38. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add yellow
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
The difference between light and dark.
Infinity

39. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
Shutter speed & aperture
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

40. What is a color profile?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Black (0)
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
four times more

41. When the size of the aperture is decreased - it is said to be what?
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Yellow
four times more
stopped down

42. A tonal correction cannot be accomplished by using a...
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
5000K
hue/saturation adjustment layer
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

43. All objects beyond the closest distance in focus will be sharp when this appears within the DOF scale.
lens-to-subject distance
Infinity
Use and adjustment layer
Black (0)

44. What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject?
A change in illumination
Soft proofing
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
flat - low contrast light

45. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Small light source at an angle to the subject
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.

46. What is the name of the technique used to make a monitor look like what you will see on your print?
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Glossy paper
Soft proofing
Levels adjustment

47. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
Small light source at an angle to the subject
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Yellow
It increases

48. Printers use what set of colors?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
8 stops
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Subtractive primaries (plus black)

49. What determines what will be a 'normal' focal length lens on a particular camera?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
1 or 2
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Aperture-Priority

50. If an image is too red - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
four times more
Butterfly lighting
Add cyan
Fisheye