Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What angle should a polarizing filter be to the sun for best results?
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
The sensor's sensitivity to light

2. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

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3. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
lens-to-subject distance
Very wide at about 180 degrees

4. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.

5. What angle of view does a reflected light meter read?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Yellow
Blown highlights
Aperture-priority

6. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture.
In the middle
A new layer
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Shutter-Priority

7. When the size of the aperture is decreased - it is said to be what?
8 stops
stopped down
Glossy paper
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

8. What is burning?
Incident light meter
four times more
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
The brightness of all the pixels in an image

9. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
1 or 2
Levels adjustment
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
8 bits

10. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
Broad lighting
Magenta
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color

11. What is a derivative file?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Lasso tool
stopped down
A RAW file that has been altered

12. Daylight is approximately what color temperature?
5 -000 Kelvin
Follow focus
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees

13. An image made of pixels is sometimes called what?
A raster image
Aperture and shutter
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Actual Pixel view

14. What is a Bit?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Add red
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.

15. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.

16. In short lighting - where is the main light placed?
Yellow
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
The difference between light and dark.
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.

17. Can you save layers in a JPEG file format?
Dynamic range
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
No
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.

18. An 8x10 at 240 dpi will have a resolution of what?
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Lasso tool
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
The sensor's sensitivity to light

19. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed.
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Aperture-Priority
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
3200 Kelvin

20. This kind of meter is preferred by photographers working in a studio situation where lighting conditions can be altered.
Snoot
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Incident light meter
Front lighting

21. If an image is too cyan - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add red
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Magenta
Soft proofing

22. What image adjustment tool uses a histogram display to alter an image?
ISO
Levels adjustment
Half as much light
Shutter speed & aperture

23. The relative aperture is equal to the lens focal length divided by what?
aperture diameter
sRGB
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)

24. Digital cameras use what set of primary colors?
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Additive (R - G - B)
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.

25. Going clockwise around the color wheel - starting with RED - what is the progression of colors?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Zoom lens
Infrared

26. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Bit
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

27. Cyan is composed of equal parts of what two colors?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
1/250th
Blue & Green
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

28. Resolution refers to what?
Yellow
Reflected light meter
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)

29. What is the effect of front lighting?
Blue & Green
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Infrared
Add blue

30. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
JPEG
Convex

31. What is dodging?
Magenta
Shutter-Priority
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

32. A histogram shows what in an image?
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Blue & Green
sensor
The brightness of all the pixels in an image

33. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Shutter speed & aperture

34. In a digital image - the images file sizes corresponds to the total number of what in the image?
Yellow
Incident light meter
Total number of pixels
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

35. Contrast measures what in a print?
The difference between light and dark.
Magenta
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

36. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
Fair Use
Zoom lens
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.

37. What does a neutral density filter do?
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
One stop less
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
3200 Kelvin

38. As the aperture is stopped down - what happens to sharpness?
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
flat - low contrast light
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
3200 Kelvin

39. The useable exposure range of a sensor - or the range of subject brightness is called what?
Small light source at an angle to the subject
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
A change in illumination
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree

40. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
A new layer
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.

41. When buying a lens hood - you should get it in what size relative to the lens?

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42. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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43. What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent?
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
White (255)
Yellow
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

44. What color is between Magenta and Cyan on the color wheel?
Flat lighting
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Blue

45. The smallest unit of digital information is called a what?
Lasso tool
Convex
Bit
Infrared

46. Focal length controls what?
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.

47. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
sRGB
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
International Organization for Standardization

48. How would you define exposure in mathematical terms?
Blue
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Add magenta
High Dynamic Range

49. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
Blown highlights
White (255)
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
JPEG

50. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
Front lighting
Soft proofing
Small light source at an angle to the subject
All colors