Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Front lighting
hue/saturation adjustment layer
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)

2. What is the suggested shutter speed to stop action of a child running parallel to the film plan - about 25 feet from the camera?
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
1/250th
A change in illumination
A high contrast image

3. This viewing option gives you the most accurate version of your image in Photoshop.
Use and adjustment layer
Actual Pixel view
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Reciprocal relationship

4. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Shutter speed & aperture
Add yellow

5. A 1:1 lighting ratio produces what lighting result?
Magenta
High Dynamic Range
Flat lighting
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

6. Instead of permanently altering your image when adjusting for color and value - what should you do?
Use and adjustment layer
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Parallax
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light

7. What image adjustment tool uses a histogram display to alter an image?
Yellow
White (255)
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Levels adjustment

8. A lens with a very wide angle of view and produces barrel distortion is what kind of lens?
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Infinity
Fisheye
Snoot

9. What kind of lighting pattern places the key light directly in front of and higher than the face?
Butterfly lighting
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Short lighting.

10. What light source has the highest color temperature?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Yellow
Blue

11. What is an element and where is it found?
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
3:1 or 4:1
Blue

12. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Flat lighting
Yellow
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.

13. A general purpose lens will provide an f-stop range of up to how many?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
stopped down
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
8 stops

14. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture - what mode are you working in?
Aperture-Priority
Shutter-priority
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Infrared

15. What is gamut?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Short lighting

16. The area of acceptable sharpness in an image is called what?
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Use and adjustment layer
Depth of field

17. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
Bit
Very wide at about 180 degrees
flat - low contrast light
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.

18. This light modifier can be used to highlight a specific area of the subject.
Snoot
stopped down
A mirror and pentaprism
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.

19. What determines what will be a 'normal' focal length lens on a particular camera?
Snoot
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject

20. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
Actual Pixel view
5000K
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
A high contrast image

21. Aperture controls what?
Soft proofing
5000K
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Levels adjustment

22. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
sRGB
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.

23. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
9
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.

24. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
Add cyan
One stop less
3:1 or 4:1
emphasizes textures

25. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
Shutter-Priority
Half as much light
Infrared
It increases

26. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
Fisheye
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Yellow
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

27. Going clockwise around the color wheel - starting with RED - what is the progression of colors?
Actual Pixel view
JPEG
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).

28. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
lens-to-subject distance
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors

29. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
Aperture
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
1 1/3 stops
Because you can move in close to the subject

30. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
The impression human vision gives
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
RAID system
Add green

31. Tungsten is approximately what color temperature?
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Broad lighting
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
3200 Kelvin

32. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
Glossy paper
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Aperture and shutter
A mirror and pentaprism

33. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
Reciprocal relationship
256
A raster image
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.

34. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
Broad lighting
Add yellow
Short lighting.
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

35. What is the inverse square law?
Shutter-Priority
Infinity
four times more
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.

36. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed.
emphasizes textures
The difference between light and dark.
Aperture-Priority
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

37. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
aperture diameter
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Reciprocal relationship

38. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
1 or 2
Parallax
Metadata
Metamerism

39. What is a derivative file?
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
3:1 or 4:1
A RAW file that has been altered

40. Digital cameras use what set of primary colors?
Parallax
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
aperture diameter
Additive (R - G - B)

41. An image made of pixels is sometimes called what?
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Add cyan
A raster image
A RAW file that has been altered

42. Panning does what?
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Dynamic range
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

43. A color image with smooth gradiations requires at least what bit depth?
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
In the middle
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Fisheye

44. The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper?
Add cyan
Glossy paper
Total number of pixels
RAID system

45. What is the best color profile for web images?
sRGB
Additive (R - G - B)
Metamerism
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.

46. Can you save layers in a JPEG file format?
No
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Fair Use
White (255)

47. What are the effects of high side lighting?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
The sensor's sensitivity to light
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.

48. In the 20th century - black & white photographers used the Zone system to tame excessive contrast. Now - digital photographers use what?
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
High Dynamic Range
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
5000K

49. Name two ways you can increase depth of field (other than changing aperture).
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Short lighting.
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.

50. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Shutter speed & aperture
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Metamerism