Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
One stop less
A mirror and pentaprism
Glossy paper
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.

2. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Fair Use
The difference between light and dark.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

3. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Variations command
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors

4. What is the suggested shutter speed to stop action of a child running parallel to the film plan - about 25 feet from the camera?
Broad lighting
1/250th
Butterfly lighting
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

5. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
Front lighting
Add red
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

6. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
A RAW file that has been altered
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
sensor
It increases

7. What does side lighting emphasize?
One stop
emphasizes textures
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.

8. What are the effects of top lighting?
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Add yellow
Use and adjustment layer
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

9. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
8 bits
emphasizes textures
Infrared
In the middle

10. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Short lighting.
Blue
One stop

11. What does ISO stand for?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
International Organization for Standardization
1 or 2
White (255)

12. Resolution refers to what?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Lower
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image

13. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Follow focus
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Add blue

14. Sharpness from near to far is controlled by what?
Aperture
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

15. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
Yellow
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Add red

16. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Glossy paper
A new layer
5000K

17. What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent?
White (255)
A change in illumination
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Zoom lens

18. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
3:1 or 4:1
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)

19. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
Fisheye
Small light source at an angle to the subject
The difference between light and dark.
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

20. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Very wide at about 180 degrees
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Shutter-priority

21. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Short lighting
Contrast
Metamerism

22. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Broad lighting
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
All colors

23. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture.
Shutter-Priority
Yellow
1/250th
Actual Pixel view

24. A tonal correction cannot be accomplished by using a...
hue/saturation adjustment layer
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Follow focus

25. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
Glossy paper
One stop less
9
Levels adjustment

26. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Short lighting.
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."

27. If an image is too cyan - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Aperture-priority
Add red
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

28. What color is opposite Red on the color wheel?
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Cyan
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Levels adjustment

29. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
Shutter speed & aperture
Add red
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.

30. A filter with a factor of 2 requires how many stops of compensation?

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31. The smallest unit of digital information is called a what?
Bit
5 -000 Kelvin
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
The impression human vision gives

32. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
Lasso tool
In the middle
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Glossy paper

33. What two controls adjust the amount of light that reaches the sensor?
Aperture and shutter
Reflected light meter
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
In the middle

34. What does the term "stop" mean?
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
One stop
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
A change in illumination

35. A technique used to maintain sharp focus on a subject that is moving toward you is called what?
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Follow focus
Lower
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)

36. What angle of view does a reflected light meter read?
Cyan
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
1 1/3 stops

37. This kind of meter is preferred by photographers working in a studio situation where lighting conditions can be altered.
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Incident light meter
aperture diameter
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

38. What does a neutral density filter do?
All colors
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Add magenta

39. What is the term used to describe a sensor's sensitivity to light?
ISO
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Black (0)

40. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
5000K
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

41. How would you define exposure in mathematical terms?
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
four times more
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

42. What kind of lighting pattern places the key light directly in front of and higher than the face?
Add yellow
Convex
Butterfly lighting
No

43. What are IPTC fields used for?
Add yellow
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.

44. What is a flag?
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Yellow
Half as much light
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.

45. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
JPEG
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Aperture-Priority

46. The image transmitted by the lens is recorded by the what?
Butterfly lighting
sensor
RAID system
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

47. Generally - traditional portraits use what lighting ratio?
Front lighting
3:1 or 4:1
Variations command
Because you can move in close to the subject

48. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
1 or 2
Metadata
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.

49. What does "photomacrograph" or "macrophotograph" mean?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
flat - low contrast light

50. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
Shutter speed & aperture
Very wide at about 180 degrees
1 1/3 stops
256