Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
9

2. Printers use what set of colors?
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
International Organization for Standardization

3. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
8 stops
Lower
Zoom lens
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

4. Doubling the aperture setting creates how many stops difference in the amount of light reaching the sensor?
Infrared
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
One stop
Fisheye

5. What angle of view does a reflected light meter read?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Yellow

6. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed.
Reciprocal relationship
A change in illumination
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Aperture-Priority

7. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
A mirror and pentaprism
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Yellow

8. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image

9. What does a neutral density filter do?
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Bit
Levels adjustment
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.

10. What is the suggested shutter speed to stop action of a child running parallel to the film plan - about 25 feet from the camera?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
1/250th
1 1/3 stops

11. What is a color profile?
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Front lighting

12. When the size of the aperture is decreased - it is said to be what?
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
One stop
Lasso tool
stopped down

13. What light source has the highest color temperature?
Cyan
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.

14. Contrast measures what in a print?
The difference between light and dark.
Flat lighting
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Reflected light meter

15. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
Lower
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
JPEG
3:1 or 4:1

16. This light modifier can be used to highlight a specific area of the subject.
The impression human vision gives
Snoot
Black (0)
The amount of information contained in each pixel

17. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
A change in illumination
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Total number of pixels

18. What does the term "stop" mean?
Aperture
A change in illumination
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.

19. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Lower
Metamerism
Aperture-priority

20. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
ISO
Short lighting.
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Broad lighting

21. What are luminance and illuminance?
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)

22. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

23. Daylight is approximately what color temperature?
5 -000 Kelvin
stopped down
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees

24. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
8 stops
Depth of field
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Add green

25. What are the effects of top lighting?
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
256
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Infrared

26. As the aperture is stopped down - what happens to sharpness?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Follow focus
Flat lighting

27. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

28. What does ISO stand for?
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
International Organization for Standardization
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
8 bits

29. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
Follow focus
emphasizes textures
5 -000 Kelvin
Because you can move in close to the subject

30. What angle should a polarizing filter be to the sun for best results?
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
The amount of information contained in each pixel
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
It increases

31. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
JPEG
Fair Use
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Metamerism

32. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture.
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
One stop
Shutter-Priority
RAID system

33. What is the term used to describe human's change in perception of a color under different light sources?
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Metamerism
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.

34. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Parallax
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject

35. Name two ways you can increase depth of field (other than changing aperture).
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Infinity
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject

36. In a curves adjustment layer - what does the shape of the curve indicate?
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Lower
Contrast

37. Panning does what?
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
One stop less
Fisheye
White (255)

38. What is the term used to describe a sensor's sensitivity to light?
ISO
Half as much light
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Add yellow

39. A color image with smooth gradiations requires at least what bit depth?
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Add magenta
International Organization for Standardization
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors

40. What would you use an ICC profile for?
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Butterfly lighting
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.

41. What is burning?
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Bit
A change in illumination

42. Aperture controls what?
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

43. A normal (or standard) focal length lens approximates what?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Incident light meter
Fair Use
The impression human vision gives

44. An image made of pixels is sometimes called what?
Levels adjustment
A mirror and pentaprism
Total number of pixels
A raster image

45. This stores electronic images captured in a digital camera until they can be transferred to a computer.
sRGB
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
A RAW file that has been altered
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

46. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Bit
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
All colors

47. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
Butterfly lighting
5000K
Front lighting
four times more

48. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
Bit
Contrast
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree

49. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very dark scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Blue
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

50. What is gamut?
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Metamerism
5000K
Parallax