Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Short lighting
White (255)

2. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Selecting portions of the image based on color
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Add yellow
Small light source at an angle to the subject

3. What image adjustment tool uses a histogram display to alter an image?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Levels adjustment
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
lens-to-subject distance

4. What color is opposite Red on the color wheel?
Cyan
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Metamerism

5. When buying a lens hood - you should get it in what size relative to the lens?

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6. A technique used to maintain sharp focus on a subject that is moving toward you is called what?
Aperture-Priority
four times more
Follow focus
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

7. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
four times more
Yellow
Additive (R - G - B)

8. In short lighting - where is the main light placed?
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Add magenta
Follow focus
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.

9. All objects beyond the closest distance in focus will be sharp when this appears within the DOF scale.
Yellow
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Follow focus
Infinity

10. Instead of permanently altering your image when adjusting for color and value - what should you do?
emphasizes textures
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Use and adjustment layer
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.

11. What kind of film can help reduce haze in a landscape?
Metamerism
A change in illumination
Infrared
The amount of information contained in each pixel

12. The useable exposure range of a sensor - or the range of subject brightness is called what?
Short lighting.
5000K
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment

13. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Infinity
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Hue - Luminance - Saturation

14. What color is between Magenta and Cyan on the color wheel?
Add yellow
White (255)
Infinity
Blue

15. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed.
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Aperture-Priority
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject

16. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
In the middle
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

17. What is the usable exposure range - or range of subject brightness called?
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Blue & Green
Dynamic range

18. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

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19. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Levels adjustment
A mirror and pentaprism

20. What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
flat - low contrast light
Depth of field

21. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
emphasizes textures
Lower
High Dynamic Range
Incident light meter

22. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
Broad lighting
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Short lighting.
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

23. A normal (or standard) focal length lens approximates what?
aperture diameter
flat - low contrast light
The impression human vision gives
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.

24. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
Aperture-priority
Because you can move in close to the subject
3:1 or 4:1
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment

25. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Half as much light
8 stops
Blue

26. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Zoom lens
9
Use and adjustment layer

27. Daylight is approximately what color temperature?
5 -000 Kelvin
256
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Add blue

28. The term to describe the combination of aperture and shutter speed that can be changed by moving them in opposite directions.
Reciprocal relationship
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
3:1 or 4:1

29. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Contrast
Very wide at about 180 degrees

30. What is TTL?
Incident light meter
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Bit

31. What are the effects of top lighting?
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

32. What is a Bit?
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.

33. How would you define exposure in mathematical terms?
flat - low contrast light
emphasizes textures
Levels adjustment
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

34. What are luminance and illuminance?
Actual Pixel view
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Parallax

35. How is brightness and contrast best controlled in Photoshop?
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
A mirror and pentaprism
lens-to-subject distance
Levels adjustment

36. What color is opposite Green on the color wheel?
Magenta
Blue
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.

37. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
Metadata
All colors
Short lighting
Reflected light meter

38. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

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39. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed - what mode are you working in?
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Aperture-priority
Reflected light meter
Snoot

40. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
Add green
stopped down
sRGB
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject

41. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
Aperture-priority
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color

42. Generally - how much exposure compensation (in stops) should be used when using a polarizing filter?
1 1/3 stops
1 or 2
Yellow
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.

43. Contrast measures what in a print?
Convex
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
The difference between light and dark.
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)

44. What is interpolated resolution?
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.

45. What does side lighting emphasize?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Add cyan
emphasizes textures
Butterfly lighting

46. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

47. In the 20th century - black & white photographers used the Zone system to tame excessive contrast. Now - digital photographers use what?
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
High Dynamic Range
Dynamic range

48. What does "photomacrograph" or "macrophotograph" mean?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Convex
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color

49. What angle of view does a reflected light meter read?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Add yellow
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

50. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
Front lighting
8 bits
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Metadata