Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Add yellow
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
emphasizes textures

2. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
8 bits
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)

3. The useable exposure range of a sensor - or the range of subject brightness is called what?
Aperture
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
RAID system
sRGB

4. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
sensor
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
In the middle

5. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
Front lighting
5000K
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.

6. A tonal correction cannot be accomplished by using a...
hue/saturation adjustment layer
The amount of information contained in each pixel
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Levels adjustment

7. What is burning?
8 bits
A change in illumination
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

8. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Fair Use
Follow focus
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree

9. When the subtractive primaries are added together equally - what is created?
Metamerism
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Half as much light

10. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
Reflected light meter
Blue
Half as much light
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.

11. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
Yellow
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Actual Pixel view
5000K

12. In the 20th century - black & white photographers used the Zone system to tame excessive contrast. Now - digital photographers use what?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
High Dynamic Range
Yellow
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)

13. The amount of motion blur in an image will increase if you do what?
Yellow
It increases
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment

14. In short lighting - where is the main light placed?
Blue
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.

15. What is interpolated resolution?
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

16. What image adjustment tool uses a histogram display to alter an image?
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
International Organization for Standardization
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Levels adjustment

17. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
1 1/3 stops
Short lighting.
Infrared
Black (0)

18. A lens with a very wide angle of view and produces barrel distortion is what kind of lens?
Levels adjustment
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Fisheye

19. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Add magenta
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

20. What are the effects of top lighting?
Snoot
Aperture-Priority
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

21. A filter with a factor of 2 requires how many stops of compensation?

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22. What is the term used to describe human's change in perception of a color under different light sources?
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Blue & Green
stopped down
Metamerism

23. As the aperture is stopped down - what happens to sharpness?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

24. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Add cyan
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

25. Doubling the aperture setting creates how many stops difference in the amount of light reaching the sensor?
Aperture and shutter
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
A high contrast image
One stop

26. What would you use an ICC profile for?
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Aperture-priority
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Fisheye

27. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
lens-to-subject distance
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Bit
Zoom lens

28. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
One stop less
Broad lighting
Aperture-priority
Add yellow

29. What color is between Magenta and Cyan on the color wheel?
Blue
One stop
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

30. All objects beyond the closest distance in focus will be sharp when this appears within the DOF scale.
The sensor's sensitivity to light
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Infinity
four times more

31. A magic wand tool is used for what?
Selecting portions of the image based on color
A mirror and pentaprism
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.

32. What color is opposite Red on the color wheel?
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
International Organization for Standardization
Levels adjustment
Cyan

33. Sharpness from near to far is controlled by what?
Aperture
Use and adjustment layer
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Aperture-priority

34. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
four times more
Half as much light
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
The sensor's sensitivity to light

35. What do TTL systems react to?
Shutter-priority
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
aperture diameter
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image

36. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
The difference between light and dark.
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
It increases
Shutter-priority

37. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
Fisheye
Reflected light meter
Metadata
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view

38. This type of backup system is fault-tolerant because it creates redundant data.
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Fisheye
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
RAID system

39. Generally - how much exposure compensation (in stops) should be used when using a polarizing filter?
1 1/3 stops
9
5 -000 Kelvin
hue/saturation adjustment layer

40. Photoshop's command for a simple way to start using color balance is what?
Parallax
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Variations command
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

41. What determines what will be a 'normal' focal length lens on a particular camera?
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Aperture
The sensor's sensitivity to light
1 or 2

42. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
One stop less
ISO
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.

43. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Because you can move in close to the subject
Lower
hue/saturation adjustment layer

44. What are the effects of high side lighting?
Bit
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.

45. What is the suggested shutter speed to stop action of a child running parallel to the film plan - about 25 feet from the camera?
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
1/250th
High Dynamic Range
Dynamic range

46. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
Short lighting
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Reflected light meter
Bit

47. What is the usable exposure range - or range of subject brightness called?
flat - low contrast light
White (255)
Dynamic range
Incident light meter

48. A tall vertical line on the right hand edge of a histogram indicates what?
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Add cyan
Blown highlights
Flat lighting

49. What is a thyristor?
Half as much light
Yellow
Convex
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.

50. What are luminance and illuminance?
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor