Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment

2. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Snoot
Shutter speed & aperture
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

3. Sharpness from near to far is controlled by what?
High Dynamic Range
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Aperture
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

4. If an image is too yellow - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Add blue

5. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
256
Add yellow
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Total number of pixels

6. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
White (255)
Additive (R - G - B)
Black (0)
Follow focus

7. What is an element and where is it found?
Actual Pixel view
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Follow focus

8. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Blue
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment

9. What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent?
White (255)
Add magenta
flat - low contrast light
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.

10. The term to describe the combination of aperture and shutter speed that can be changed by moving them in opposite directions.
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Reciprocal relationship

11. What is TTL?
Short lighting
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

12. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
8 bits
Total number of pixels
Reciprocal relationship
Fair Use

13. A lens with a very wide angle of view and produces barrel distortion is what kind of lens?
Fisheye
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Infinity
four times more

14. The smallest unit of digital information is called a what?
One stop
Bit
four times more
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."

15. Photoshop's command for a simple way to start using color balance is what?
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Dynamic range
Variations command

16. How is brightness and contrast best controlled in Photoshop?
Add yellow
Add magenta
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Levels adjustment

17. A histogram with peaks on either end of the histogram and a deep valley in between represents what?
A high contrast image
Because you can move in close to the subject
Use and adjustment layer
1/250th

18. A filter with a factor of 2 requires how many stops of compensation?

19. A 1:1 lighting ratio produces what lighting result?
Flat lighting
Lasso tool
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

20. If an image is too red - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Glossy paper
Shutter-priority
Add cyan
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.

21. What angle should a polarizing filter be to the sun for best results?
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
emphasizes textures

22. Bit depth refers to what?
8 stops
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Depth of field
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

23. A color image with smooth gradiations requires at least what bit depth?
Variations command
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors

24. Contrast measures what in a print?
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
The difference between light and dark.
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

25. What is the inverse square law?
The amount of information contained in each pixel
1/250th
Follow focus
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.

26. What do TTL systems react to?
Infinity
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
lens-to-subject distance

27. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
A raster image
Front lighting

28. When the size of the aperture is decreased - it is said to be what?
stopped down
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
White (255)

29. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Metadata
Half as much light
Incident light meter

30. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
No
four times more
emphasizes textures

31. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
Fisheye
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
A new layer
5 -000 Kelvin

32. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
Add cyan
Blue & Green
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

33. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
Yellow
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Fair Use

34. What color is opposite Red on the color wheel?
Lower
Shutter-priority
Half as much light
Cyan

35. What does a neutral density filter do?
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Levels adjustment
Bit

36. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
A mirror and pentaprism
Shutter speed & aperture
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Broad lighting

37. This type of backup system is fault-tolerant because it creates redundant data.
Glossy paper
RAID system
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.

38. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Shutter-priority
Add green
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
1 or 2

39. What determines what will be a 'normal' focal length lens on a particular camera?
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
White (255)
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Dynamic range

40. What light source has the highest color temperature?
Bit
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Contrast
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

41. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
Use and adjustment layer
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
RAID system
Because you can move in close to the subject

42. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
5000K
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast

43. Aperture controls what?
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Front lighting
Glossy paper
All colors

44. What kind of lighting pattern places the key light directly in front of and higher than the face?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Aperture and shutter
Magenta
Butterfly lighting

45. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
aperture diameter
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
A RAW file that has been altered
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

46. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
Add yellow
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
flat - low contrast light
lens-to-subject distance

47. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture.
The difference between light and dark.
Shutter-Priority
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Metamerism

48. Blue is opposite what color on the color wheel?
Incident light meter
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Yellow
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.

49. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Lower

50. The amount of motion blur in an image will increase if you do what?
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
The amount of information contained in each pixel