Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
Infrared
Butterfly lighting
Zoom lens
256

2. What Photoshop tool allows you to select an area of any size or shape by drawing freehand?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
8 stops
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Lasso tool

3. What is the suggested shutter speed to stop action of a child running parallel to the film plan - about 25 feet from the camera?
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
1/250th
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Reflected light meter

4. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
Depth of field
Parallax
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Soft proofing

5. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
Add yellow
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Broad lighting

6. What determines what will be a 'normal' focal length lens on a particular camera?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)

7. If an image is too yellow - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Glossy paper
Add blue
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

8. What angle of view does a reflected light meter read?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Blown highlights
A raster image
Front lighting

9. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
1 or 2
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

10. What is the inverse square law?
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
3200 Kelvin

11. This light modifier can be used to highlight a specific area of the subject.
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
1 1/3 stops
Snoot
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.

12. What is a flag?
Soft proofing
aperture diameter
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.

13. What is an element and where is it found?
Glossy paper
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

14. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
A RAW file that has been altered
Blue & Green
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

15. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

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16. This type of backup system is fault-tolerant because it creates redundant data.
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Short lighting
A change in illumination
RAID system

17. What image adjustment tool uses a histogram display to alter an image?
Levels adjustment
stopped down
aperture diameter
Use and adjustment layer

18. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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19. If an image is too green - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Add magenta
Aperture-priority
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

20. What is the best color profile for web images?
Magenta
sRGB
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Aperture-Priority

21. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
Short lighting.
Levels adjustment
RAID system
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.

22. What does side lighting emphasize?
Variations command
emphasizes textures
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Add green

23. In the 20th century - black & white photographers used the Zone system to tame excessive contrast. Now - digital photographers use what?
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
High Dynamic Range
A RAW file that has been altered

24. As the aperture is stopped down - what happens to sharpness?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Zoom lens

25. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
1 or 2
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.

26. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta

27. What is a color profile?
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
The impression human vision gives
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)

28. Focal length controls what?
Magenta
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Short lighting
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

29. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Glossy paper
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

30. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
Lasso tool
Depth of field
Black (0)
aperture diameter

31. What is TTL?
Zoom lens
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Flat lighting
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.

32. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
One stop
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Small light source at an angle to the subject

33. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Glossy paper
Parallax
Add green
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.

34. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
Contrast
It increases
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
The brightness of all the pixels in an image

35. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
Parallax
Short lighting
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Fisheye

36. Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Snoot
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Front lighting

37. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
256
The amount of information contained in each pixel
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.

38. Aperture controls what?
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

39. What does the term "stop" mean?
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Magenta
5 -000 Kelvin
A change in illumination

40. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
aperture diameter
Broad lighting
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
hue/saturation adjustment layer

41. In short lighting - where is the main light placed?
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
sRGB
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.

42. What is the usable exposure range - or range of subject brightness called?
Flat lighting
Dynamic range
Use and adjustment layer
Snoot

43. What does "photomacrograph" or "macrophotograph" mean?
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Metadata
Magenta
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."

44. The amount of motion blur in an image will increase if you do what?
Aperture-Priority
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Dynamic range

45. The relative aperture is equal to the lens focal length divided by what?
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
aperture diameter
Blown highlights

46. What is a derivative file?
Fair Use
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Yellow
A RAW file that has been altered

47. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
A high contrast image
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
5000K

48. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
Lower
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
aperture diameter
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image

49. What is the name of the technique used to make a monitor look like what you will see on your print?
Soft proofing
Blue & Green
Cyan
Aperture and shutter

50. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
The amount of information contained in each pixel
It increases
A mirror and pentaprism
flat - low contrast light