Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the suggested shutter speed to stop action of a child running parallel to the film plan - about 25 feet from the camera?
Lasso tool
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
1/250th

2. What is focal length - technically?
1 1/3 stops
Infinity
Shutter speed & aperture
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.

3. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
A RAW file that has been altered
One stop
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
One stop less

4. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
Broad lighting
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Yellow
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.

5. Perspective is affected by what?
lens-to-subject distance
RAID system
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
White (255)

6. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

7. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
Half as much light
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
5 -000 Kelvin

8. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
RAID system
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Black (0)

9. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
Half as much light
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

10. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
Shutter-priority
8 bits
9
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.

11. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
A mirror and pentaprism
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
The impression human vision gives
A new layer

12. What is dodging?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Levels adjustment

13. A filter with a factor of 2 requires how many stops of compensation?

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14. What two controls adjust the amount of light that reaches the sensor?
ISO
Add cyan
Aperture and shutter
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

15. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Reflected light meter
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Shutter speed & aperture

16. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
sRGB
Dynamic range
It increases

17. An image made of pixels is sometimes called what?
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
aperture diameter
A raster image
1/250th

18. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
Lower
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Add blue
Snoot

19. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Convex
Butterfly lighting

20. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
A RAW file that has been altered
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Follow focus
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees

21. What Photoshop tool allows you to select an area of any size or shape by drawing freehand?
Follow focus
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Lasso tool
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.

22. If an image is too green - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Levels adjustment
Add magenta
White (255)

23. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
Snoot
Shutter speed & aperture
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Levels adjustment

24. If an image is too yellow - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
1 or 2
Add magenta
Add blue
Aperture and shutter

25. What image adjustment tool uses a histogram display to alter an image?
5000K
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Levels adjustment
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

26. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
Selecting portions of the image based on color
All colors
3:1 or 4:1
Half as much light

27. The image transmitted by the lens is recorded by the what?
aperture diameter
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
sensor

28. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.

29. The useable exposure range of a sensor - or the range of subject brightness is called what?
Depth of field
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
3:1 or 4:1

30. What are the effects of high side lighting?
One stop
Variations command
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.

31. This stores electronic images captured in a digital camera until they can be transferred to a computer.
sRGB
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

32. What is interpolated resolution?
RAID system
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

33. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
sensor
The difference between light and dark.
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
In the middle

34. If an image is too red - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add cyan
White (255)
It increases
One stop less

35. What does ISO stand for?
Convex
International Organization for Standardization
Additive (R - G - B)
Add yellow

36. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
8 stops
Aperture and shutter
Follow focus
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast

37. What is a Bit?
1 1/3 stops
3:1 or 4:1
four times more
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.

38. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
8 bits
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Front lighting

39. How would you define exposure in mathematical terms?
A raster image
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Aperture-priority
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

40. An 8x10 at 240 dpi will have a resolution of what?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
One stop less
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

41. What is a BYTE?
Glossy paper
Dynamic range
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
A mirror and pentaprism

42. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
flat - low contrast light
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

43. What is a derivative file?
A RAW file that has been altered
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Yellow

44. What color is opposite Green on the color wheel?
sensor
A RAW file that has been altered
Magenta
A raster image

45. How is brightness and contrast best controlled in Photoshop?
Levels adjustment
Contrast
A raster image
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

46. What is the inverse square law?
JPEG
In the middle
Glossy paper
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.

47. If an image is too cyan - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
Add red
In the middle

48. What is a flag?
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Additive (R - G - B)
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Butterfly lighting

49. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Zoom lens
Short lighting.
A change in illumination
Add green

50. What is a color profile?
Fisheye
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Blown highlights