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Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. A lens with a very wide angle of view and produces barrel distortion is what kind of lens?
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Fisheye

2. What does a neutral density filter do?
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Black (0)
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

3. This type of backup system is fault-tolerant because it creates redundant data.
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Broad lighting
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
RAID system

4. What is the suggested shutter speed to stop action of a child running parallel to the film plan - about 25 feet from the camera?
1/250th
Shutter-priority
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Aperture and shutter

5. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Variations command
Metadata
Blue & Green

6. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Shutter speed & aperture
Short lighting

7. Sharpness from near to far is controlled by what?
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Contrast
Aperture

8. Daylight is approximately what color temperature?
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
5 -000 Kelvin
Broad lighting
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta

9. What is the term used to describe human's change in perception of a color under different light sources?
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Metamerism
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

10. What Photoshop tool allows you to select an area of any size or shape by drawing freehand?
Shutter-Priority
Lasso tool
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Lower

11. A histogram shows what in an image?
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Aperture and shutter
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.

12. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
Blue
One stop
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
A mirror and pentaprism

13. The smallest unit of digital information is called a what?
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Bit
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.

14. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Flat lighting

15. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
All colors
Blue & Green
One stop less
One stop

16. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
aperture diameter
8 bits
flat - low contrast light
Add cyan

17. This kind of meter is preferred by photographers working in a studio situation where lighting conditions can be altered.
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Contrast
Incident light meter

18. What is dodging?
Aperture-priority
Aperture
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

19. What does side lighting emphasize?
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
A RAW file that has been altered
emphasizes textures
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.

20. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Fair Use

21. What is a color profile?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
8 stops
One stop less

22. What are luminance and illuminance?
Levels adjustment
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
8 bits

23. In a curves adjustment layer - what does the shape of the curve indicate?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
9
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Contrast

24. What is the usable exposure range - or range of subject brightness called?
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Dynamic range

25. What do TTL systems react to?
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Blue
The impression human vision gives
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.

26. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Soft proofing
5000K
Half as much light

27. What light source has the highest color temperature?
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
The sensor's sensitivity to light
No

28. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Short lighting.
Yellow
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.

29. What is a BYTE?
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
8 bits
Add yellow
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.

30. What two controls adjust the amount of light that reaches the sensor?
1 or 2
A high contrast image
Aperture and shutter
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

31. When buying a lens hood - you should get it in what size relative to the lens?

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32. Resolution refers to what?
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Dynamic range

33. When the subtractive primaries are added together equally - what is created?
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Add cyan
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

34. The term to describe the combination of aperture and shutter speed that can be changed by moving them in opposite directions.
5000K
1 or 2
Aperture and shutter
Reciprocal relationship

35. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
White (255)
Shutter speed & aperture
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

36. What color is opposite Green on the color wheel?
sensor
Short lighting
Soft proofing
Magenta

37. A tonal correction cannot be accomplished by using a...
A mirror and pentaprism
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
hue/saturation adjustment layer
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.

38. A tall vertical line on the right hand edge of a histogram indicates what?
Add green
Black (0)
A change in illumination
Blown highlights

39. Panning does what?
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Convex
Aperture-priority

40. What kind of film can help reduce haze in a landscape?
Yellow
Infrared
Snoot
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."

41. Photoshop's command for a simple way to start using color balance is what?
Add yellow
Variations command
Snoot
Very wide at about 180 degrees

42. A filter with a factor of 2 requires how many stops of compensation?

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43. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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44. What is the name of the technique used to make a monitor look like what you will see on your print?
Add cyan
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
stopped down
Soft proofing

45. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
1/250th
Add yellow
Blue

46. Printers use what set of colors?
Use and adjustment layer
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Half as much light

47. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
5 -000 Kelvin
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Black (0)
5000K

48. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Half as much light
lens-to-subject distance
Reciprocal relationship

49. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Lower
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

50. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
3:1 or 4:1
Blue
Reciprocal relationship

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