Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
Parallax
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
256
Zoom lens

2. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Shutter-Priority

3. What determines what will be a 'normal' focal length lens on a particular camera?
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
lens-to-subject distance
Soft proofing
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

4. Name two ways you can increase depth of field (other than changing aperture).
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Broad lighting
Aperture and shutter
RAID system

5. When the additive primaries are mixed together equally - what is created?
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
1/250th
sRGB
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject

6. What is a flag?
Lower
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

7. A color image with smooth gradiations requires at least what bit depth?
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

8. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
ISO
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)

9. A tonal correction cannot be accomplished by using a...
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Variations command
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)

10. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

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11. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
The difference between light and dark.
JPEG
lens-to-subject distance
Add yellow

12. The area of acceptable sharpness in an image is called what?
Depth of field
One stop
Short lighting.
Aperture

13. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
flat - low contrast light
International Organization for Standardization
sRGB
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

14. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
One stop
Levels adjustment
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
A mirror and pentaprism

15. A magic wand tool is used for what?
Selecting portions of the image based on color
A raster image
Variations command
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

16. What is a BYTE?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
flat - low contrast light
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Metadata

17. This type of backup system is fault-tolerant because it creates redundant data.
All colors
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Shutter-Priority
RAID system

18. This light modifier can be used to highlight a specific area of the subject.
Fair Use
Blown highlights
Add cyan
Snoot

19. A histogram with peaks on either end of the histogram and a deep valley in between represents what?
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Very wide at about 180 degrees
A high contrast image
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.

20. What is the suggested shutter speed to stop action of a child running parallel to the film plan - about 25 feet from the camera?
1 or 2
3:1 or 4:1
Levels adjustment
1/250th

21. What is the best color profile for web images?
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Add red
sRGB
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)

22. Contrast measures what in a print?
No
Follow focus
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
The difference between light and dark.

23. What are IPTC fields used for?
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
The amount of information contained in each pixel

24. What does the term "stop" mean?
four times more
flat - low contrast light
A change in illumination
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors

25. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

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26. Instead of permanently altering your image when adjusting for color and value - what should you do?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Depth of field
Use and adjustment layer
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.

27. What does side lighting emphasize?
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
The sensor's sensitivity to light
emphasizes textures

28. What is the inverse square law?
flat - low contrast light
Infinity
stopped down
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.

29. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
A RAW file that has been altered
Convex
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

30. What two controls adjust the amount of light that reaches the sensor?
Infinity
four times more
Zoom lens
Aperture and shutter

31. What is a color profile?
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
sRGB
3200 Kelvin
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).

32. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
A RAW file that has been altered
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment

33. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Black (0)
Yellow
four times more

34. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Very wide at about 180 degrees

35. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
A raster image
Infrared

36. The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper?
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Add magenta
Glossy paper
ISO

37. Cyan is composed of equal parts of what two colors?
3200 Kelvin
Blue & Green
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Soft proofing

38. What is gamut?
5000K
Blue & Green
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
A high contrast image

39. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
A new layer
Yellow

40. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture.
Shutter-Priority
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
A new layer

41. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Metadata
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

42. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Cyan
A change in illumination
Follow focus

43. As the aperture is stopped down - what happens to sharpness?
Infrared
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Half as much light

44. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Front lighting
lens-to-subject distance
Metadata

45. To emphasize texture in a portrait - what kind of light source is recommended?
Cyan
Infinity
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.

46. Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements?
Butterfly lighting
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
It increases

47. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
Blue
Yellow
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
Snoot

48. What are the effects of top lighting?
Flat lighting
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Parallax
Broad lighting

49. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
Black (0)
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."

50. Printers use what set of colors?
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
1 1/3 stops
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Subtractive primaries (plus black)