Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
A high contrast image
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Zoom lens

2. The area of acceptable sharpness in an image is called what?
A raster image
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Depth of field
A change in illumination

3. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
8 bits
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Flat lighting
lens-to-subject distance

4. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add yellow
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)

5. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Shutter speed & aperture
Fair Use
sensor

6. What is TTL?
Snoot
A high contrast image
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Incident light meter

7. What is focal length - technically?
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
International Organization for Standardization
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.

8. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Follow focus
The difference between light and dark.
Shutter speed & aperture
Add green

9. How is brightness and contrast best controlled in Photoshop?
Levels adjustment
Flat lighting
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Add blue

10. What is the suggested shutter speed to stop action of a child running parallel to the film plan - about 25 feet from the camera?
1/250th
Black (0)
Fair Use
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image

11. The term to describe the combination of aperture and shutter speed that can be changed by moving them in opposite directions.
Bit
Reciprocal relationship
Black (0)
Shutter-priority

12. A tonal correction cannot be accomplished by using a...
Levels adjustment
hue/saturation adjustment layer
The difference between light and dark.
Total number of pixels

13. The smallest unit of digital information is called a what?
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
RAID system
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Bit

14. An image made of pixels is sometimes called what?
A raster image
One stop
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Contrast

15. If an image is too yellow - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
aperture diameter
Additive (R - G - B)
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Add blue

16. What two controls adjust the amount of light that reaches the sensor?
Aperture and shutter
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Parallax
emphasizes textures

17. What is dodging?
Aperture
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Broad lighting

18. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
A RAW file that has been altered
Glossy paper
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Use and adjustment layer

19. What would you use an ICC profile for?
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Fisheye
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Small light source at an angle to the subject

20. All objects beyond the closest distance in focus will be sharp when this appears within the DOF scale.
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Infinity
The difference between light and dark.

21. Bit depth refers to what?
The sensor's sensitivity to light
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
The amount of information contained in each pixel

22. If an image is too cyan - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Lasso tool
Add red
8 bits
1 or 2

23. What angle should a polarizing filter be to the sun for best results?
Black (0)
emphasizes textures
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view

24. The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper?
Metadata
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Total number of pixels
Glossy paper

25. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Fair Use

26. The useable exposure range of a sensor - or the range of subject brightness is called what?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Add red
Additive (R - G - B)
Incident light meter

27. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
5000K
Lasso tool
Use and adjustment layer
four times more

28. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

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29. A general purpose lens will provide an f-stop range of up to how many?
8 stops
Short lighting.
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
RAID system

30. This type of backup system is fault-tolerant because it creates redundant data.
RAID system
Blue & Green
Total number of pixels
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

31. This viewing option gives you the most accurate version of your image in Photoshop.
Actual Pixel view
stopped down
9
Shutter speed & aperture

32. What is a color profile?
The sensor's sensitivity to light
No
5 -000 Kelvin
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).

33. Digital cameras use what set of primary colors?
Additive (R - G - B)
Parallax
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

34. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed.
Levels adjustment
stopped down
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Aperture-Priority

35. What is a BYTE?
Bit
Fair Use
Reciprocal relationship
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.

36. Instead of permanently altering your image when adjusting for color and value - what should you do?
Use and adjustment layer
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
RAID system
Lower

37. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
256
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Soft proofing
Add green

38. What kind of lighting pattern places the key light directly in front of and higher than the face?
Black (0)
One stop
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Butterfly lighting

39. What are luminance and illuminance?
Add cyan
A RAW file that has been altered
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.

40. What is the term used to describe human's change in perception of a color under different light sources?
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Metamerism

41. Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements?
Because you can move in close to the subject
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
1/250th

42. If an image is too red - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add cyan
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
1 1/3 stops
Selecting portions of the image based on color

43. Photoshop's command for a simple way to start using color balance is what?
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Variations command

44. What is gamut?
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
ISO

45. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
All colors
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

46. Generally - traditional portraits use what lighting ratio?
3:1 or 4:1
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
The impression human vision gives

47. What is the best color profile for web images?
Zoom lens
Add green
sRGB
One stop

48. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

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49. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
Shutter-Priority
The sensor's sensitivity to light
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

50. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
1 or 2
Fisheye
Cyan
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)