Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
256
International Organization for Standardization
Yellow
Short lighting

2. If an image is too red - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add cyan
sensor
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

3. Instead of permanently altering your image when adjusting for color and value - what should you do?
9
Short lighting.
Use and adjustment layer
The amount of information contained in each pixel

4. What are the effects of high side lighting?
Lower
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Actual Pixel view
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.

5. When the size of the aperture is decreased - it is said to be what?
flat - low contrast light
stopped down
5000K
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.

6. What is burning?
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Add green

7. What is focal length - technically?
Actual Pixel view
The impression human vision gives
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.

8. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Metadata

9. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
One stop less
JPEG
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

10. What do TTL systems react to?
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Flat lighting
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.

11. Generally - how much exposure compensation (in stops) should be used when using a polarizing filter?
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Broad lighting
1 1/3 stops
256

12. What is the effect of front lighting?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Fair Use
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

13. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

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14. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

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15. Printers use what set of colors?
Add magenta
Infinity
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment

16. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
Lower
5000K
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Selecting portions of the image based on color

17. What is an element and where is it found?
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Aperture and shutter

18. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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19. Resolution refers to what?
sensor
four times more
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

20. What is the inverse square law?
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
A raster image
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.

21. This light modifier can be used to highlight a specific area of the subject.
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Levels adjustment
Snoot

22. What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject?
3:1 or 4:1
In the middle
flat - low contrast light
Depth of field

23. This viewing option gives you the most accurate version of your image in Photoshop.
Actual Pixel view
Flat lighting
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.

24. What is a thyristor?
Contrast
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Butterfly lighting

25. What light source has the highest color temperature?
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
8 bits
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color

26. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Infrared
Follow focus
Add yellow

27. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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28. A magic wand tool is used for what?
Soft proofing
Selecting portions of the image based on color
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.

29. What does "photomacrograph" or "macrophotograph" mean?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Short lighting.
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view

30. In short lighting - where is the main light placed?
High Dynamic Range
Depth of field
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

31. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Follow focus

32. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
Snoot
Short lighting.
One stop less
Infinity

33. Aperture controls what?
A high contrast image
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Blue & Green
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image

34. In a digital image - the images file sizes corresponds to the total number of what in the image?
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Metamerism
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Total number of pixels

35. What is gamut?
256
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.

36. The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper?
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Glossy paper

37. In the 20th century - black & white photographers used the Zone system to tame excessive contrast. Now - digital photographers use what?
High Dynamic Range
Infrared
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
1/250th

38. Focal length controls what?
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.

39. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture - what mode are you working in?
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Front lighting
It increases
Shutter-priority

40. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
lens-to-subject distance
Zoom lens
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject

41. What Photoshop tool allows you to select an area of any size or shape by drawing freehand?
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Lasso tool
sRGB

42. What two controls adjust the amount of light that reaches the sensor?
Aperture and shutter
1/250th
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)

43. What would you use an ICC profile for?
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
ISO
Shutter speed & aperture
8 stops

44. What color is between Magenta and Cyan on the color wheel?
Because you can move in close to the subject
Blue
Reciprocal relationship
Bit

45. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Levels adjustment
Blown highlights
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree

46. What is the usable exposure range - or range of subject brightness called?
Add blue
Contrast
Blown highlights
Dynamic range

47. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
Convex
Lower
Flat lighting
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

48. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed.
aperture diameter
No
Aperture-Priority
lens-to-subject distance

49. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
One stop
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Total number of pixels

50. A color image with smooth gradiations requires at least what bit depth?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Shutter-Priority
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
stopped down