Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. An 8x10 at 240 dpi will have a resolution of what?
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Add cyan
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

2. When the subtractive primaries are added together equally - what is created?
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Metamerism
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

3. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very dark scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
No
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)

4. What are the effects of high side lighting?
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Incident light meter
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

5. A magic wand tool is used for what?
Shutter-priority
White (255)
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Blue & Green

6. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
A change in illumination
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Additive (R - G - B)

7. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Add green
Bit
3200 Kelvin

8. The amount of motion blur in an image will increase if you do what?
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

9. Doubling the aperture setting creates how many stops difference in the amount of light reaching the sensor?
Soft proofing
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
One stop

10. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
All colors
Fair Use
Black (0)
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.

11. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
Soft proofing
lens-to-subject distance
Shutter-Priority
5000K

12. Printers use what set of colors?
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Short lighting

13. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

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14. What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent?
White (255)
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.

15. What light source has the highest color temperature?
ISO
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
A high contrast image

16. What is the effect of front lighting?
3200 Kelvin
Cyan
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.

17. The useable exposure range of a sensor - or the range of subject brightness is called what?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Butterfly lighting

18. If an image is too green - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Add magenta
Blue & Green

19. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
Blown highlights
Lower
A new layer
Aperture-priority

20. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
aperture diameter
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color

21. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
In the middle
Add blue
1/250th

22. What does "photomacrograph" or "macrophotograph" mean?
JPEG
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Variations command
Parallax

23. What is burning?
flat - low contrast light
Shutter speed & aperture
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
RAID system

24. Name two ways you can increase depth of field (other than changing aperture).
Incident light meter
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Soft proofing

25. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
Front lighting
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Bit

26. Generally - traditional portraits use what lighting ratio?
9
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
3:1 or 4:1

27. What are luminance and illuminance?
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
3:1 or 4:1
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.

28. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
Shutter speed & aperture
1 or 2
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
9

29. What is gamut?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.

30. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

31. What is a flag?
Reciprocal relationship
One stop
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color

32. How is brightness and contrast best controlled in Photoshop?
Levels adjustment
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Blown highlights

33. A histogram shows what in an image?
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Additive (R - G - B)
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.

34. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
8 bits
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Shutter speed & aperture

35. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
A new layer
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Metadata
3:1 or 4:1

36. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
256
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.

37. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
A change in illumination
Because you can move in close to the subject
Convex
No

38. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
9

39. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
Actual Pixel view
3:1 or 4:1
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
flat - low contrast light

40. If an image is too yellow - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Infrared
Blown highlights
Add blue

41. What is focal length - technically?
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view

42. What is the name of the issue that prevents you from seeing exactly what the lens sees when using a rangefinder camera?
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Parallax

43. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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44. In short lighting - where is the main light placed?
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Front lighting
Follow focus

45. Bit depth refers to what?
Black (0)
5 -000 Kelvin
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
The amount of information contained in each pixel

46. Blue is opposite what color on the color wheel?
Yellow
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Flat lighting
Reflected light meter

47. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Incident light meter
Use and adjustment layer

48. A tall vertical line on the right hand edge of a histogram indicates what?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Blown highlights
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject

49. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Follow focus

50. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
Aperture and shutter
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Convex