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Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. The image transmitted by the lens is recorded by the what?
Yellow
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Shutter-priority
sensor

2. This kind of meter is preferred by photographers working in a studio situation where lighting conditions can be altered.
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
White (255)
Incident light meter
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.

3. What are luminance and illuminance?
Follow focus
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Aperture-Priority
Add cyan

4. Panning does what?
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
1/250th
lens-to-subject distance

5. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Aperture-priority
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
lens-to-subject distance

6. What is the effect of front lighting?
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.

7. A 1:1 lighting ratio produces what lighting result?
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Flat lighting

8. What does side lighting emphasize?
emphasizes textures
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Blue

9. To emphasize texture in a portrait - what kind of light source is recommended?
Small light source at an angle to the subject
White (255)
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.

10. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
Levels adjustment
8 bits
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Hue - Luminance - Saturation

11. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Shutter speed & aperture
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
One stop

12. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
Soft proofing
stopped down
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
JPEG

13. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
A mirror and pentaprism
Fisheye
A RAW file that has been altered

14. Generally - how much exposure compensation (in stops) should be used when using a polarizing filter?
Convex
It increases
1 1/3 stops
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

15. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
Yellow
Add yellow
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Subtractive primaries (plus black)

16. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
A high contrast image
Shutter speed & aperture
3200 Kelvin

17. If an image is too red - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
RAID system
Add cyan
All colors
Variations command

18. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
Follow focus
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
In the middle
Very wide at about 180 degrees

19. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
aperture diameter
Add yellow
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Actual Pixel view

20. What are the effects of high side lighting?
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
A mirror and pentaprism
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
White (255)

21. What color is opposite Green on the color wheel?
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Flat lighting
Magenta
sRGB

22. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
Convex
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
9
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

23. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
Levels adjustment
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
256
Broad lighting

24. A tall vertical line on the right hand edge of a histogram indicates what?
lens-to-subject distance
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Blown highlights
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.

25. The smallest unit of digital information is called a what?
sensor
Zoom lens
Blue & Green
Bit

26. Resolution refers to what?
Actual Pixel view
Incident light meter
Convex
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image

27. What is a flag?
International Organization for Standardization
aperture diameter
Fair Use
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

28. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

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29. A normal (or standard) focal length lens approximates what?
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
The impression human vision gives
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
four times more

30. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
Lower
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
A raster image
Actual Pixel view

31. What light source has the highest color temperature?
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
High Dynamic Range

32. What is a Bit?
Contrast
Actual Pixel view
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
3200 Kelvin

33. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
Front lighting
Add blue
Aperture-Priority
A raster image

34. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Short lighting.
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.

35. A histogram with peaks on either end of the histogram and a deep valley in between represents what?
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
A high contrast image
Additive (R - G - B)

36. What does ISO stand for?
International Organization for Standardization
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Reflected light meter
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.

37. What is an element and where is it found?
Magenta
Very wide at about 180 degrees
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
9

38. What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject?
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Add magenta
flat - low contrast light
A change in illumination

39. What is a color profile?
A RAW file that has been altered
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.

40. What is TTL?
Contrast
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Very wide at about 180 degrees
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.

41. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very dark scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
sensor
Depth of field

42. Can you save layers in a JPEG file format?
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
All colors
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
No

43. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Aperture-Priority
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Because you can move in close to the subject
Add green

44. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
A RAW file that has been altered
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
lens-to-subject distance
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.

45. What is the inverse square law?
Short lighting.
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Add cyan
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.

46. Perspective is affected by what?
1 1/3 stops
Broad lighting
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
lens-to-subject distance

47. The area of acceptable sharpness in an image is called what?
Depth of field
Shutter-Priority
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

48. The relative aperture is equal to the lens focal length divided by what?
aperture diameter
International Organization for Standardization
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
1 1/3 stops

49. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Actual Pixel view
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.

50. How would you define exposure in mathematical terms?
Add green
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

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