Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
8 bits
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Front lighting
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor

2. The relative aperture is equal to the lens focal length divided by what?
Butterfly lighting
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
aperture diameter
Snoot

3. To emphasize texture in a portrait - what kind of light source is recommended?
Metamerism
Add blue
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Small light source at an angle to the subject

4. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed - what mode are you working in?
Aperture-priority
sensor
Levels adjustment
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast

5. Generally - traditional portraits use what lighting ratio?
flat - low contrast light
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Front lighting
3:1 or 4:1

6. Cyan is composed of equal parts of what two colors?
Bit
1 or 2
Blue & Green
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

7. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
All colors
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

8. What does a neutral density filter do?
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Infrared
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

9. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
Add magenta
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Yellow
One stop less

10. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
8 stops
Butterfly lighting
Shutter speed & aperture
9

11. Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements?
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Reciprocal relationship
Soft proofing
Short lighting

12. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture - what mode are you working in?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Shutter-priority
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Contrast

13. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
It increases
aperture diameter
In the middle

14. What does "photomacrograph" or "macrophotograph" mean?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
One stop
Bit
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

15. A normal (or standard) focal length lens approximates what?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Reflected light meter
The impression human vision gives
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

16. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Lasso tool
flat - low contrast light

17. What is a thyristor?
RAID system
lens-to-subject distance
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
All colors

18. What angle of view does a reflected light meter read?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Levels adjustment
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors

19. What does the term "stop" mean?
A change in illumination
Small light source at an angle to the subject
3:1 or 4:1
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta

20. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
Total number of pixels
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
A mirror and pentaprism
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

21. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
Convex
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Fair Use

22. A lens with a very wide angle of view and produces barrel distortion is what kind of lens?
It increases
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
A change in illumination
Fisheye

23. A color image with smooth gradiations requires at least what bit depth?
Short lighting
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
8 bits

24. The image transmitted by the lens is recorded by the what?
sensor
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Aperture and shutter
Variations command

25. Generally - how much exposure compensation (in stops) should be used when using a polarizing filter?
Glossy paper
The sensor's sensitivity to light
1 1/3 stops
Aperture

26. If an image is too cyan - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
1 1/3 stops
emphasizes textures
Add red

27. In a digital image - the images file sizes corresponds to the total number of what in the image?
Infrared
The impression human vision gives
Total number of pixels
Aperture-priority

28. The term to describe the combination of aperture and shutter speed that can be changed by moving them in opposite directions.
Reciprocal relationship
3200 Kelvin
5000K
Small light source at an angle to the subject

29. How is brightness and contrast best controlled in Photoshop?
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Levels adjustment
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
9

30. What color is between Magenta and Cyan on the color wheel?
Blue
JPEG
Reciprocal relationship
emphasizes textures

31. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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32. What is a Bit?
A change in illumination
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

33. When the additive primaries are mixed together equally - what is created?
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Broad lighting
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

34. What are the effects of high side lighting?
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
One stop

35. What image adjustment tool uses a histogram display to alter an image?
Add cyan
Levels adjustment
Incident light meter
A new layer

36. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
sRGB
Total number of pixels
Yellow

37. What is burning?
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

38. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very dark scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Follow focus
hue/saturation adjustment layer

39. What angle should a polarizing filter be to the sun for best results?
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Lower
Follow focus

40. Focal length controls what?
Actual Pixel view
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
A new layer
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta

41. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
One stop
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Half as much light

42. What kind of film can help reduce haze in a landscape?
Infrared
Add red
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
1/250th

43. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
Reflected light meter
Metadata
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Metamerism

44. What is a derivative file?
A RAW file that has been altered
Shutter speed & aperture
ISO
Cyan

45. Panning does what?
Black (0)
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

46. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Convex

47. Instead of permanently altering your image when adjusting for color and value - what should you do?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
emphasizes textures
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Use and adjustment layer

48. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
It increases
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Shutter-priority

49. Blue is opposite what color on the color wheel?
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Yellow

50. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
A new layer
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Add green
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)