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Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
Metamerism
256
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Short lighting

2. The relative aperture is equal to the lens focal length divided by what?
sensor
aperture diameter
9
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image

3. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Shutter speed & aperture
1 1/3 stops
aperture diameter

4. Printers use what set of colors?
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Bit
Infrared
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.

5. What does side lighting emphasize?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Add green
Depth of field
emphasizes textures

6. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture - what mode are you working in?
Shutter-priority
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
sensor

7. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
High Dynamic Range
A mirror and pentaprism
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor

8. Generally - traditional portraits use what lighting ratio?
3:1 or 4:1
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
International Organization for Standardization

9. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
Fair Use
A raster image
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

10. What image adjustment tool uses a histogram display to alter an image?
stopped down
Levels adjustment
Fisheye
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.

11. What kind of film can help reduce haze in a landscape?
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Infrared
5 -000 Kelvin
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)

12. What is TTL?
1 or 2
Selecting portions of the image based on color
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

13. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
9
Follow focus
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject

14. Blue is opposite what color on the color wheel?
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Yellow
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast

15. What would you use an ICC profile for?
Additive (R - G - B)
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Shutter speed & aperture
The impression human vision gives

16. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Metadata
Reciprocal relationship
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

17. What is burning?
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Incident light meter

18. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
Add cyan
Yellow
Half as much light
sensor

19. What does "photomacrograph" or "macrophotograph" mean?
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Add blue

20. What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject?
Follow focus
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
flat - low contrast light
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

21. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
Depth of field
Because you can move in close to the subject
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Hue - Luminance - Saturation

22. Tungsten is approximately what color temperature?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
One stop
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
3200 Kelvin

23. Cyan is composed of equal parts of what two colors?
Blue & Green
Blue
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
8 stops

24. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Bit
Dynamic range

25. An 8x10 at 240 dpi will have a resolution of what?
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
A new layer
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

26. What is a BYTE?
Yellow
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Cyan

27. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
Broad lighting
Metamerism
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.

28. A technique used to maintain sharp focus on a subject that is moving toward you is called what?
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Follow focus

29. What is a Bit?
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
aperture diameter
Subtractive primaries (plus black)

30. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
Bit
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Yellow
Levels adjustment

31. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Blue & Green

32. To emphasize texture in a portrait - what kind of light source is recommended?
Yellow
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

33. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
1 or 2
Convex
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
The sensor's sensitivity to light

34. In a curves adjustment layer - what does the shape of the curve indicate?
A mirror and pentaprism
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
A high contrast image
Contrast

35. The amount of motion blur in an image will increase if you do what?
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
A RAW file that has been altered
1 or 2
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.

36. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
Add magenta
Add yellow
3200 Kelvin
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.

37. Instead of permanently altering your image when adjusting for color and value - what should you do?
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Magenta
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Use and adjustment layer

38. What kind of lighting pattern places the key light directly in front of and higher than the face?
Dynamic range
Cyan
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Butterfly lighting

39. Perspective is affected by what?
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
lens-to-subject distance
RAID system
Fair Use

40. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
In the middle
White (255)
Add red
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)

41. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
Reciprocal relationship
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Blown highlights

42. When the subtractive primaries are added together equally - what is created?
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
256
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
JPEG

43. This kind of meter is preferred by photographers working in a studio situation where lighting conditions can be altered.
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Parallax
Incident light meter
The difference between light and dark.

44. What does ISO stand for?
International Organization for Standardization
Dynamic range
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Soft proofing

45. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
A new layer
aperture diameter
Black (0)
ISO

46. What is an element and where is it found?
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Aperture and shutter
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Yellow

47. If an image is too yellow - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
aperture diameter
Add blue
No
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.

48. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Blue
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.

49. A general purpose lens will provide an f-stop range of up to how many?
Blue
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
8 stops
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

50. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add green
Snoot
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Half as much light

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Certified Professional Photographer

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