Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Panning does what?
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Lower
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

2. Generally - how much exposure compensation (in stops) should be used when using a polarizing filter?
1 1/3 stops
The impression human vision gives
Selecting portions of the image based on color
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

3. A color image with smooth gradiations requires at least what bit depth?
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
High Dynamic Range
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors

4. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
aperture diameter
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

5. The amount of motion blur in an image will increase if you do what?
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Glossy paper
The amount of information contained in each pixel
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

6. Doubling the aperture setting creates how many stops difference in the amount of light reaching the sensor?
8 stops
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Cyan
One stop

7. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
One stop
Blue
Add yellow

8. Generally - traditional portraits use what lighting ratio?
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
3:1 or 4:1
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
White (255)

9. What is a thyristor?
lens-to-subject distance
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Blue & Green
Contrast

10. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
Glossy paper
The impression human vision gives
Because you can move in close to the subject
Follow focus

11. A tonal correction cannot be accomplished by using a...
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.

12. A filter with a factor of 2 requires how many stops of compensation?

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13. What does ISO stand for?
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Butterfly lighting
International Organization for Standardization

14. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

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15. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Yellow
9
Contrast

16. What is an element and where is it found?
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Convex
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.

17. What Photoshop tool allows you to select an area of any size or shape by drawing freehand?
Lasso tool
Bit
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Short lighting

18. In short lighting - where is the main light placed?
Yellow
5 -000 Kelvin
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."

19. This stores electronic images captured in a digital camera until they can be transferred to a computer.
flat - low contrast light
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
aperture diameter
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

20. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
Follow focus
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Small light source at an angle to the subject

21. What is gamut?
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
sRGB
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.

22. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
Add magenta
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Total number of pixels

23. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
The impression human vision gives
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
3200 Kelvin
Total number of pixels

24. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
One stop
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Black (0)
Add red

25. Contrast measures what in a print?
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Convex
The difference between light and dark.
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.

26. All objects beyond the closest distance in focus will be sharp when this appears within the DOF scale.
Infinity
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)

27. Sharpness from near to far is controlled by what?
Aperture
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Cyan
A mirror and pentaprism

28. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Lasso tool

29. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
stopped down
Reflected light meter
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

30. Aperture controls what?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Black (0)
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

31. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
JPEG
Aperture
All colors
Follow focus

32. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
A mirror and pentaprism
Variations command
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)

33. The relative aperture is equal to the lens focal length divided by what?
aperture diameter
Aperture
stopped down
Aperture and shutter

34. What is the name of the issue that prevents you from seeing exactly what the lens sees when using a rangefinder camera?
Broad lighting
Parallax
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.

35. A histogram with peaks on either end of the histogram and a deep valley in between represents what?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Yellow
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
A high contrast image

36. What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent?
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Depth of field
5 -000 Kelvin
White (255)

37. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
One stop less
Add red
Shutter speed & aperture
Shutter-priority

38. What color is opposite Red on the color wheel?
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
8 stops
Cyan

39. What are the effects of top lighting?
Dynamic range
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Shutter-Priority

40. A tall vertical line on the right hand edge of a histogram indicates what?
Blown highlights
Aperture and shutter
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Hue - Luminance - Saturation

41. What is the name of the technique used to make a monitor look like what you will see on your print?
Soft proofing
High Dynamic Range
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.

42. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
No
Shutter speed & aperture
1 or 2
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

43. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
1 1/3 stops
All colors
Add yellow
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

44. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
Fisheye
Glossy paper
8 stops
Short lighting

45. What color is opposite Green on the color wheel?
Add green
emphasizes textures
Magenta
Metadata

46. A technique used to maintain sharp focus on a subject that is moving toward you is called what?
Follow focus
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Shutter-priority
Subtractive primaries (plus black)

47. As the aperture is stopped down - what happens to sharpness?
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
Bit
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
3:1 or 4:1

48. The useable exposure range of a sensor - or the range of subject brightness is called what?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Very wide at about 180 degrees
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.

49. A magic wand tool is used for what?
hue/saturation adjustment layer
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Selecting portions of the image based on color
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.

50. Resolution refers to what?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
All colors
Short lighting
Glossy paper