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Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
In the middle
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
9
Lasso tool

2. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
256
Yellow
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
9

3. What determines what will be a 'normal' focal length lens on a particular camera?
A new layer
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

4. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Short lighting.
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.

5. Panning does what?
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Actual Pixel view
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Zoom lens

6. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

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7. A magic wand tool is used for what?
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Selecting portions of the image based on color
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

8. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
One stop
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Lower
8 bits

9. When the subtractive primaries are added together equally - what is created?
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
A change in illumination

10. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Blue & Green
International Organization for Standardization

11. Focal length controls what?
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.

12. What color is opposite Green on the color wheel?
Follow focus
Bit
Magenta
The amount of information contained in each pixel

13. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
A new layer
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
256
A change in illumination

14. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture.
Shutter-Priority
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Blue
Flat lighting

15. In a digital image - the images file sizes corresponds to the total number of what in the image?
Zoom lens
Total number of pixels
Add magenta
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.

16. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
four times more

17. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
A RAW file that has been altered
Reflected light meter
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
1 or 2

18. A general purpose lens will provide an f-stop range of up to how many?
Add green
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
8 stops

19. A 1:1 lighting ratio produces what lighting result?
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Aperture-Priority
lens-to-subject distance
Flat lighting

20. This light modifier can be used to highlight a specific area of the subject.
Reflected light meter
Bit
Snoot
Follow focus

21. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Shutter speed & aperture
Add green
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.

22. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
5000K
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
The brightness of all the pixels in an image

23. What is a thyristor?
Metamerism
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Follow focus

24. When the size of the aperture is decreased - it is said to be what?
stopped down
Aperture-Priority
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Levels adjustment

25. What kind of film can help reduce haze in a landscape?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Blue & Green
RAID system
Infrared

26. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
All colors
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Use and adjustment layer
Add blue

27. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
In the middle
Reflected light meter
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image

28. The smallest unit of digital information is called a what?
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Bit
Reflected light meter
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.

29. As the aperture is stopped down - what happens to sharpness?
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
256
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
One stop

30. What are luminance and illuminance?
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Shutter-Priority
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

31. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very dark scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
1 1/3 stops
5000K
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Subtractive primaries (plus black)

32. If an image is too yellow - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Add blue

33. What is burning?
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
One stop less
Selecting portions of the image based on color

34. What is dodging?
Zoom lens
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Dynamic range
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

35. If an image is too green - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
A RAW file that has been altered
sensor
Add magenta

36. To emphasize texture in a portrait - what kind of light source is recommended?
Small light source at an angle to the subject
International Organization for Standardization
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

37. A histogram shows what in an image?
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
The brightness of all the pixels in an image

38. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Reflected light meter
Aperture-priority
All colors

39. The term to describe the combination of aperture and shutter speed that can be changed by moving them in opposite directions.
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Use and adjustment layer
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Reciprocal relationship

40. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
Fisheye
Short lighting.
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
It increases

41. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
Half as much light
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Black (0)
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

42. How is brightness and contrast best controlled in Photoshop?
No
Levels adjustment
Add blue
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)

43. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
Zoom lens
flat - low contrast light
A change in illumination
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

44. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Blue
RAID system
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

45. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Add yellow
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

46. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
The difference between light and dark.
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.

47. A tall vertical line on the right hand edge of a histogram indicates what?
Additive (R - G - B)
Add green
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Blown highlights

48. What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject?
5000K
Magenta
Contrast
flat - low contrast light

49. The relative aperture is equal to the lens focal length divided by what?
1 1/3 stops
Additive (R - G - B)
8 stops
aperture diameter

50. What is TTL?
Total number of pixels
One stop less
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

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Certified Professional Photographer

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