Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
One stop less
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
1 or 2
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

2. What is an element and where is it found?
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.

3. Aperture controls what?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Blue & Green
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

4. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed.
Aperture-Priority
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

5. The useable exposure range of a sensor - or the range of subject brightness is called what?
5 -000 Kelvin
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)

6. Perspective is affected by what?
JPEG
Levels adjustment
lens-to-subject distance
Infinity

7. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
A high contrast image
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Snoot

8. What is interpolated resolution?
sRGB
Convex
All colors
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

9. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
Fair Use
Selecting portions of the image based on color
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

10. What kind of film can help reduce haze in a landscape?
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Short lighting.
Follow focus
Infrared

11. What kind of lighting pattern places the key light directly in front of and higher than the face?
White (255)
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Aperture-Priority
Butterfly lighting

12. What are the effects of high side lighting?
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Add blue

13. What do TTL systems react to?
Add blue
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Add cyan
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.

14. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
Additive (R - G - B)
8 bits
Bit
It increases

15. Instead of permanently altering your image when adjusting for color and value - what should you do?
Add yellow
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Aperture-priority
Use and adjustment layer

16. This viewing option gives you the most accurate version of your image in Photoshop.
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Actual Pixel view
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.

17. As the aperture is stopped down - what happens to sharpness?
Selecting portions of the image based on color
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
1 or 2
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

18. The relative aperture is equal to the lens focal length divided by what?
Follow focus
Lower
Selecting portions of the image based on color
aperture diameter

19. What is the term used to describe human's change in perception of a color under different light sources?
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Metamerism
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.

20. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
International Organization for Standardization
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Flat lighting

21. What light source has the highest color temperature?
Shutter speed & aperture
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
A new layer
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

22. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
Additive (R - G - B)
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Parallax
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

23. What does ISO stand for?
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
International Organization for Standardization
Cyan
The difference between light and dark.

24. What are IPTC fields used for?
Lasso tool
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Very wide at about 180 degrees
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)

25. An 8x10 at 240 dpi will have a resolution of what?
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Convex
Shutter-Priority
Yellow

26. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
256
Glossy paper
Lower
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

27. The image transmitted by the lens is recorded by the what?
Reciprocal relationship
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
sensor
All colors

28. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Add magenta
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

29. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

30. What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent?
White (255)
3200 Kelvin
Magenta
Total number of pixels

31. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
Zoom lens
Front lighting
Reciprocal relationship
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

32. Panning does what?
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Follow focus

33. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very dark scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
A change in illumination
Variations command
A mirror and pentaprism

34. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
ISO
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

35. What color is opposite Green on the color wheel?
Magenta
Broad lighting
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
High Dynamic Range

36. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
Add magenta
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Short lighting
Add cyan

37. Sharpness from near to far is controlled by what?
Aperture
Levels adjustment
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.

38. What is a thyristor?
5 -000 Kelvin
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Metadata
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.

39. What color is between Magenta and Cyan on the color wheel?
Add green
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Blue
Aperture and shutter

40. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
Additive (R - G - B)
Fisheye
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
9

41. This stores electronic images captured in a digital camera until they can be transferred to a computer.
A raster image
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Cyan
Lasso tool

42. This type of backup system is fault-tolerant because it creates redundant data.
Blown highlights
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
RAID system

43. When the subtractive primaries are added together equally - what is created?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Aperture

44. The area of acceptable sharpness in an image is called what?
Depth of field
The difference between light and dark.
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.

45. When the additive primaries are mixed together equally - what is created?
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Aperture-priority

46. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
Levels adjustment
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
3200 Kelvin
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.

47. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
In the middle
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Selecting portions of the image based on color

48. What color is opposite Red on the color wheel?
No
sensor
Aperture-priority
Cyan

49. What is gamut?
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Add red
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

50. Resolution refers to what?
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject