Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is a derivative file?
four times more
A RAW file that has been altered
Add magenta
Aperture-priority

2. Blue is opposite what color on the color wheel?
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
RAID system
Aperture-priority
Yellow

3. Tungsten is approximately what color temperature?
1 1/3 stops
Cyan
Use and adjustment layer
3200 Kelvin

4. How is brightness and contrast best controlled in Photoshop?
Contrast
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Dynamic range
Levels adjustment

5. Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements?
Glossy paper
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
four times more
5 -000 Kelvin

6. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
emphasizes textures
Add red
Blue

7. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Add green

8. Perspective is affected by what?
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Short lighting.
lens-to-subject distance
In the middle

9. What does "photomacrograph" or "macrophotograph" mean?
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."

10. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
Fair Use
High Dynamic Range
A high contrast image
A change in illumination

11. If an image is too red - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
5000K
Depth of field
All colors
Add cyan

12. What kind of film can help reduce haze in a landscape?
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Infrared
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light

13. What is a flag?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Reciprocal relationship
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Blue

14. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
Lasso tool

15. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
hue/saturation adjustment layer
All colors
Levels adjustment
Snoot

16. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
Depth of field
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast

17. What are IPTC fields used for?
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Snoot
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.

18. The smallest unit of digital information is called a what?
Bit
Glossy paper
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Infinity

19. As the aperture is stopped down - what happens to sharpness?
Because you can move in close to the subject
Short lighting.
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.

20. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
Zoom lens
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Follow focus
Reciprocal relationship

21. What is a Bit?
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Shutter speed & aperture
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.

22. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
3200 Kelvin
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

23. What does ISO stand for?
four times more
High Dynamic Range
International Organization for Standardization
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

24. What is burning?
Add magenta
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
stopped down
Cyan

25. A tonal correction cannot be accomplished by using a...
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Variations command
All colors

26. A color image with smooth gradiations requires at least what bit depth?
8 bits
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
All colors

27. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
Convex
9
Actual Pixel view
Metadata

28. Bit depth refers to what?
Aperture-Priority
The amount of information contained in each pixel
No
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.

29. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
Soft proofing
One stop less
Variations command
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.

30. The useable exposure range of a sensor - or the range of subject brightness is called what?
Depth of field
Additive (R - G - B)
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Fair Use

31. What kind of meter is built in to most cameras?
RAID system
Reflected light meter
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Glossy paper

32. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
256
Very wide at about 180 degrees
The amount of information contained in each pixel
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image

33. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture - what mode are you working in?
flat - low contrast light
Shutter-priority
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

34. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Blue
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
One stop less

35. A histogram shows what in an image?
Metadata
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
A mirror and pentaprism

36. What does the term "stop" mean?
Flat lighting
High Dynamic Range
Reflected light meter
A change in illumination

37. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
8 bits
Add cyan
Blown highlights
Short lighting.

38. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
emphasizes textures
Short lighting
Fisheye
5000K

39. How would you define exposure in mathematical terms?
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Contrast
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

40. Sharpness from near to far is controlled by what?
Aperture
It increases
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
A high contrast image

41. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
sensor
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Shutter speed & aperture

42. Focal length controls what?
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
A change in illumination

43. Generally - traditional portraits use what lighting ratio?
Blue & Green
3:1 or 4:1
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Aperture

44. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
3:1 or 4:1
Aperture and shutter
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
9

45. Contrast measures what in a print?
The difference between light and dark.
Glossy paper
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

46. What are the effects of high side lighting?
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Add cyan
Depth of field
Total number of pixels

47. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
5000K
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Follow focus
Aperture-Priority

48. If an image is too yellow - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
High Dynamic Range
Add blue
Additive (R - G - B)

49. What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent?
White (255)
Aperture-priority
Infrared
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)

50. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add yellow
One stop less
JPEG
8 bits