Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. The area of acceptable sharpness in an image is called what?
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
8 bits
Depth of field

2. What is the name of the technique used to make a monitor look like what you will see on your print?
5 -000 Kelvin
Soft proofing
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

3. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
3200 Kelvin
5 -000 Kelvin
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Half as much light

4. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Aperture-priority
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Reflected light meter

5. When buying a lens hood - you should get it in what size relative to the lens?

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6. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
Front lighting
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
A high contrast image

7. What is a flag?
Because you can move in close to the subject
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
5 -000 Kelvin

8. The image transmitted by the lens is recorded by the what?
hue/saturation adjustment layer
sensor
Dynamic range
Cyan

9. If an image is too cyan - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Follow focus
Add red
Short lighting.
Blown highlights

10. What is burning?
Infinity
A raster image
Follow focus
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

11. Doubling the aperture setting creates how many stops difference in the amount of light reaching the sensor?
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Levels adjustment
One stop
In the middle

12. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Because you can move in close to the subject
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.

13. When the size of the aperture is decreased - it is said to be what?
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
It increases
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
stopped down

14. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
The amount of information contained in each pixel

15. A tall vertical line on the right hand edge of a histogram indicates what?
Blown highlights
Shutter-Priority
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.

16. Cyan is composed of equal parts of what two colors?
Variations command
Bit
Blue & Green
Add red

17. This kind of meter is preferred by photographers working in a studio situation where lighting conditions can be altered.
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Incident light meter
A high contrast image
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.

18. What are the effects of high side lighting?
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
Soft proofing

19. The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper?
Glossy paper
Butterfly lighting
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Flat lighting

20. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Black (0)
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Add yellow

21. In a digital image - the images file sizes corresponds to the total number of what in the image?
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Total number of pixels
Convex
Depth of field

22. How would you define exposure in mathematical terms?
Levels adjustment
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Metamerism
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).

23. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
Half as much light
sRGB
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Blown highlights

24. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
Selecting portions of the image based on color
JPEG
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

25. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
sensor
A new layer
A change in illumination
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.

26. If an image is too red - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add cyan
Short lighting.
8 bits
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

27. Can you save layers in a JPEG file format?
Add blue
No
Short lighting
Small light source at an angle to the subject

28. What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent?
lens-to-subject distance
White (255)
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.

29. What are IPTC fields used for?
8 bits
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Half as much light
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.

30. A lens with a very wide angle of view and produces barrel distortion is what kind of lens?
Add blue
International Organization for Standardization
Fisheye
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.

31. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
Variations command
Short lighting
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
lens-to-subject distance

32. What does ISO stand for?
Add yellow
Add blue
International Organization for Standardization
Aperture and shutter

33. What do TTL systems react to?
Glossy paper
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Fisheye

34. Resolution refers to what?
Lower
Follow focus
8 stops
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image

35. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Parallax
Use and adjustment layer

36. What is the suggested shutter speed to stop action of a child running parallel to the film plan - about 25 feet from the camera?
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
RAID system
emphasizes textures
1/250th

37. This type of backup system is fault-tolerant because it creates redundant data.
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
RAID system
Black (0)
Short lighting.

38. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

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39. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
Fisheye
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

40. A histogram with peaks on either end of the histogram and a deep valley in between represents what?
A mirror and pentaprism
Black (0)
Aperture and shutter
A high contrast image

41. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
Magenta
Fisheye
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Lower

42. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
Butterfly lighting
Fair Use
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
A mirror and pentaprism

43. What color is opposite Red on the color wheel?
Cyan
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

44. What is the name of the issue that prevents you from seeing exactly what the lens sees when using a rangefinder camera?
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Flat lighting
Parallax
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)

45. Bit depth refers to what?
The amount of information contained in each pixel
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

46. Generally - how much exposure compensation (in stops) should be used when using a polarizing filter?
1 1/3 stops
Add blue
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Blue & Green

47. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
All colors
A raster image
1 or 2

48. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Metadata
Fair Use
stopped down

49. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
1 or 2
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Bit
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject

50. Perspective is affected by what?
Fisheye
ISO
lens-to-subject distance
Very wide at about 180 degrees