Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is an element and where is it found?
hue/saturation adjustment layer
aperture diameter
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Soft proofing

2. What kind of film can help reduce haze in a landscape?
Levels adjustment
8 stops
Infrared
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

3. A general purpose lens will provide an f-stop range of up to how many?
Metamerism
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
8 stops
A new layer

4. What is a derivative file?
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
A RAW file that has been altered
Butterfly lighting

5. What is the term used to describe human's change in perception of a color under different light sources?
Metadata
four times more
Metamerism
Reflected light meter

6. What kind of lighting pattern places the key light directly in front of and higher than the face?
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Butterfly lighting
Shutter speed & aperture
Depth of field

7. What do TTL systems react to?
Depth of field
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
8 stops
International Organization for Standardization

8. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
flat - low contrast light
Lower
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
It increases

9. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
Follow focus
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Glossy paper
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

10. What is dodging?
A high contrast image
Add yellow
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Infrared

11. Contrast measures what in a print?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Use and adjustment layer
The difference between light and dark.

12. A 1:1 lighting ratio produces what lighting result?
Short lighting
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Flat lighting
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject

13. Resolution refers to what?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Aperture
Fair Use
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

14. A tall vertical line on the right hand edge of a histogram indicates what?
1 or 2
Incident light meter
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Blown highlights

15. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Zoom lens
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image

16. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
Blue & Green
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
four times more
Lower

17. What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent?
White (255)
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Magenta
The impression human vision gives

18. Focal length controls what?
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

19. What is a Bit?
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

20. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
All colors
Follow focus
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Black (0)

21. In the 20th century - black & white photographers used the Zone system to tame excessive contrast. Now - digital photographers use what?
Short lighting
High Dynamic Range
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Short lighting.

22. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
Add yellow
four times more
sensor
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject

23. What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject?
High Dynamic Range
Cyan
flat - low contrast light
Soft proofing

24. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
RAID system
Short lighting.
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
8 bits

25. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Additive (R - G - B)
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
In the middle

26. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
1 or 2
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
One stop less
Front lighting

27. What color is opposite Red on the color wheel?
Cyan
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.

28. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
Convex
stopped down
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Aperture

29. A histogram with peaks on either end of the histogram and a deep valley in between represents what?
A high contrast image
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
256
Snoot

30. What is a color profile?
No
Levels adjustment
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Lower

31. A lens with a very wide angle of view and produces barrel distortion is what kind of lens?
Fisheye
Follow focus
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
lens-to-subject distance

32. What color is opposite Green on the color wheel?
8 stops
3:1 or 4:1
International Organization for Standardization
Magenta

33. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
No
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
It increases
1 or 2

34. The useable exposure range of a sensor - or the range of subject brightness is called what?
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Infinity
Add blue

35. A magic wand tool is used for what?
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
A high contrast image

36. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
A new layer
1 or 2
A mirror and pentaprism
8 bits

37. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
sRGB
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light

38. What Photoshop tool allows you to select an area of any size or shape by drawing freehand?
Lasso tool
A RAW file that has been altered
Bit
Hue - Luminance - Saturation

39. The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper?
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Follow focus
Glossy paper
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.

40. What angle should a polarizing filter be to the sun for best results?
Blue & Green
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.

41. Perspective is affected by what?
Shutter-priority
lens-to-subject distance
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Soft proofing

42. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Yellow
Metadata
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.

43. What is gamut?
Additive (R - G - B)
High Dynamic Range
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

44. What is a flag?
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Aperture-Priority
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.

45. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
JPEG
Soft proofing
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
ISO

46. When the subtractive primaries are added together equally - what is created?
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
1 or 2

47. What does a neutral density filter do?
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.

48. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
Total number of pixels
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
four times more

49. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture - what mode are you working in?
3200 Kelvin
Short lighting.
Shutter-priority
Total number of pixels

50. What is the inverse square law?
Short lighting.
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Blown highlights