Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
High Dynamic Range
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject

2. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
8 bits
All colors
Broad lighting

3. Perspective is affected by what?
Blue
lens-to-subject distance
Add blue
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

4. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
In the middle
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Incident light meter

5. What light source has the highest color temperature?
Use and adjustment layer
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
The amount of information contained in each pixel

6. What is interpolated resolution?
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Lower
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.

7. What determines what will be a 'normal' focal length lens on a particular camera?
hue/saturation adjustment layer
sensor
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)

8. A general purpose lens will provide an f-stop range of up to how many?
8 stops
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
sensor

9. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
JPEG
A high contrast image
aperture diameter

10. Instead of permanently altering your image when adjusting for color and value - what should you do?
Use and adjustment layer
Short lighting.
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

11. Generally - how much exposure compensation (in stops) should be used when using a polarizing filter?
1 1/3 stops
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

12. What kind of lighting pattern places the key light directly in front of and higher than the face?
Butterfly lighting
Parallax
sensor
No

13. If an image is too red - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
1 or 2
Add cyan
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.

14. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Infrared

15. To emphasize texture in a portrait - what kind of light source is recommended?
JPEG
The difference between light and dark.
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Small light source at an angle to the subject

16. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
5 -000 Kelvin
Black (0)
Reflected light meter
White (255)

17. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed.
Aperture-Priority
Glossy paper
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Half as much light

18. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
5000K
8 bits
It increases
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.

19. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
8 bits
Bit
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Parallax

20. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

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21. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Convex
Black (0)

22. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Because you can move in close to the subject
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.

23. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
5 -000 Kelvin
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
256
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.

24. What is burning?
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Blue & Green
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.

25. A lens with a very wide angle of view and produces barrel distortion is what kind of lens?
1/250th
Fisheye
Dynamic range
hue/saturation adjustment layer

26. What do TTL systems react to?
Aperture and shutter
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Cyan
Subtractive primaries (plus black)

27. In the 20th century - black & white photographers used the Zone system to tame excessive contrast. Now - digital photographers use what?
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
High Dynamic Range
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Infinity

28. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Levels adjustment
Short lighting

29. This type of backup system is fault-tolerant because it creates redundant data.
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
RAID system

30. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

31. What is the name of the issue that prevents you from seeing exactly what the lens sees when using a rangefinder camera?
3200 Kelvin
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Parallax
Depth of field

32. Panning does what?
High Dynamic Range
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Add cyan
Because you can move in close to the subject

33. What is a Bit?
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Aperture-priority
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
All colors

34. Cyan is composed of equal parts of what two colors?
Follow focus
Blue & Green
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.

35. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Flat lighting
9

36. If an image is too cyan - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Short lighting
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Add red
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

37. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
5000K
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
A raster image

38. Digital cameras use what set of primary colors?
Additive (R - G - B)
Short lighting
3:1 or 4:1
Shutter speed & aperture

39. The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper?
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Glossy paper
Lasso tool
Because you can move in close to the subject

40. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

41. What angle should a polarizing filter be to the sun for best results?
One stop less
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

42. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
Short lighting.
No
JPEG
Selecting portions of the image based on color

43. The smallest unit of digital information is called a what?
A RAW file that has been altered
Bit
emphasizes textures
5000K

44. An image made of pixels is sometimes called what?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
3:1 or 4:1
A raster image

45. A 1:1 lighting ratio produces what lighting result?
Metamerism
Flat lighting
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

46. Focal length controls what?
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Add blue
One stop
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

47. The term to describe the combination of aperture and shutter speed that can be changed by moving them in opposite directions.
Lower
Use and adjustment layer
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Reciprocal relationship

48. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Front lighting
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Add green

49. Photoshop's command for a simple way to start using color balance is what?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Variations command
A high contrast image
The brightness of all the pixels in an image

50. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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