Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. This stores electronic images captured in a digital camera until they can be transferred to a computer.
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Bit
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.

2. Can you save layers in a JPEG file format?
Metamerism
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
No
Glossy paper

3. What kind of lighting pattern places the key light directly in front of and higher than the face?
Broad lighting
256
Butterfly lighting
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

4. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
5000K
Metadata
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Follow focus

5. What Photoshop tool allows you to select an area of any size or shape by drawing freehand?
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Lasso tool
A RAW file that has been altered
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

6. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
Cyan
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Short lighting.
Depth of field

7. If an image is too yellow - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Aperture-Priority
Add blue
Because you can move in close to the subject
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta

8. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
Infinity
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Front lighting
No

9. What does the term "stop" mean?
Actual Pixel view
A change in illumination
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

10. The amount of motion blur in an image will increase if you do what?
8 stops
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Variations command
Levels adjustment

11. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Fair Use
Aperture and shutter
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject

12. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
A RAW file that has been altered
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).

13. Going clockwise around the color wheel - starting with RED - what is the progression of colors?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Shutter-Priority
1 1/3 stops

14. What angle of view does a reflected light meter read?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
A mirror and pentaprism
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment

15. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
Front lighting
Levels adjustment
8 bits
Incident light meter

16. A normal (or standard) focal length lens approximates what?
The difference between light and dark.
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
The impression human vision gives
Fair Use

17. What are the effects of top lighting?
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

18. Blue is opposite what color on the color wheel?
Yellow
Fisheye
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree

19. What would you use an ICC profile for?
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
8 bits
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
emphasizes textures

20. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Total number of pixels
9
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)

21. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Broad lighting
Depth of field
Add green
A RAW file that has been altered

22. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Convex
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

23. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
Fair Use
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Parallax
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)

24. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Aperture
Zoom lens
1 or 2

25. What is an element and where is it found?
No
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Infrared

26. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Soft proofing

27. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
Half as much light
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Blue & Green
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image

28. Doubling the aperture setting creates how many stops difference in the amount of light reaching the sensor?
One stop
Soft proofing
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

29. When the additive primaries are mixed together equally - what is created?
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
International Organization for Standardization
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)

30. What is a BYTE?
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Selecting portions of the image based on color
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
stopped down

31. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
Yellow
All colors
RAID system
Fisheye

32. How would you define exposure in mathematical terms?
Total number of pixels
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Blown highlights

33. Sharpness from near to far is controlled by what?
Aperture
Blue
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Convex

34. What are luminance and illuminance?
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
The amount of information contained in each pixel
JPEG
Infrared

35. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
A new layer
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.

36. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture - what mode are you working in?
Shutter-priority
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Dynamic range

37. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
Shutter speed & aperture
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

38. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
All colors
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Infinity

39. What is the name of the technique used to make a monitor look like what you will see on your print?
Soft proofing
Reciprocal relationship
Infrared
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

40. What is focal length - technically?
RAID system
Reflected light meter
aperture diameter
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.

41. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Butterfly lighting
Shutter-priority
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.

42. A 1:1 lighting ratio produces what lighting result?
Flat lighting
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Dynamic range
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.

43. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
8 bits
Lower
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.

44. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Broad lighting
Soft proofing
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

45. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
8 bits
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)

46. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
Metadata
The impression human vision gives
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color

47. What does "photomacrograph" or "macrophotograph" mean?
The difference between light and dark.
ISO
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.

48. This type of backup system is fault-tolerant because it creates redundant data.
RAID system
sRGB
1/250th
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

49. How is brightness and contrast best controlled in Photoshop?
Small light source at an angle to the subject
A change in illumination
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Levels adjustment

50. What is dodging?
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Snoot
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Variations command