Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. A 1:1 lighting ratio produces what lighting result?
A high contrast image
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
One stop less
Flat lighting

2. What is a thyristor?
Aperture and shutter
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
A mirror and pentaprism

3. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
Add magenta
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
The amount of information contained in each pixel
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

4. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Fair Use
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
aperture diameter

5. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
Metadata
Lower
Shutter-Priority
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

6. Can you save layers in a JPEG file format?
No
Actual Pixel view
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.

7. When the subtractive primaries are added together equally - what is created?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."

8. Bit depth refers to what?
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Fair Use
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Black (0)

9. Aperture controls what?
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Metamerism

10. What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject?
Zoom lens
lens-to-subject distance
Convex
flat - low contrast light

11. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
9
Black (0)

12. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
Shutter-Priority
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Dynamic range
256

13. What is a color profile?
Half as much light
Total number of pixels
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Black (0)

14. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
1 1/3 stops
The amount of information contained in each pixel
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Aperture and shutter

15. The amount of motion blur in an image will increase if you do what?
flat - low contrast light
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Fisheye
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

16. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)

17. Generally - how much exposure compensation (in stops) should be used when using a polarizing filter?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
1 1/3 stops
Metadata
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)

18. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Aperture-Priority
A mirror and pentaprism
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.

19. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

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20. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
It increases
A high contrast image
In the middle
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast

21. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
3200 Kelvin
Cyan
Depth of field

22. What kind of lighting pattern places the key light directly in front of and higher than the face?
Aperture
Butterfly lighting
Contrast
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

23. What is burning?
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Glossy paper
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

24. Tungsten is approximately what color temperature?
emphasizes textures
Black (0)
3200 Kelvin
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.

25. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
Add yellow
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.

26. In the 20th century - black & white photographers used the Zone system to tame excessive contrast. Now - digital photographers use what?
High Dynamic Range
Contrast
Snoot
Additive (R - G - B)

27. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
3200 Kelvin
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Lasso tool

28. Printers use what set of colors?
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Aperture-priority
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color

29. All objects beyond the closest distance in focus will be sharp when this appears within the DOF scale.
Actual Pixel view
Infinity
Depth of field
flat - low contrast light

30. The smallest unit of digital information is called a what?
Add green
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Bit
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject

31. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Half as much light
Metamerism
8 stops

32. What is a flag?
1/250th
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Lower
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

33. What is the usable exposure range - or range of subject brightness called?
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Dynamic range
Convex
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.

34. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

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35. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
JPEG
Shutter speed & aperture
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.

36. Instead of permanently altering your image when adjusting for color and value - what should you do?
Shutter speed & aperture
Use and adjustment layer
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

37. Perspective is affected by what?
Broad lighting
Infrared
lens-to-subject distance
A raster image

38. What color is opposite Green on the color wheel?
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Magenta
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.

39. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
lens-to-subject distance
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Very wide at about 180 degrees
JPEG

40. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Very wide at about 180 degrees
8 bits

41. If an image is too cyan - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Add red
Incident light meter
Depth of field

42. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed - what mode are you working in?
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Aperture-priority
Lasso tool
Snoot

43. What color is between Magenta and Cyan on the color wheel?
Blue
Fair Use
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
A raster image

44. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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45. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Add yellow
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.

46. In a curves adjustment layer - what does the shape of the curve indicate?
Contrast
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Infinity
Aperture

47. What is a Bit?
8 bits
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Broad lighting

48. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Dynamic range
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Because you can move in close to the subject

49. In short lighting - where is the main light placed?
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)

50. What is dodging?
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Blown highlights