Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. This stores electronic images captured in a digital camera until they can be transferred to a computer.
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Additive (R - G - B)
flat - low contrast light
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

2. Blue is opposite what color on the color wheel?
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Shutter-priority
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Yellow

3. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture.
Aperture-Priority
Magenta
Shutter-Priority
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors

4. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Half as much light
stopped down
All colors

5. The useable exposure range of a sensor - or the range of subject brightness is called what?
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Add magenta
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

6. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Bit
Convex
9
Add yellow

7. What are the effects of top lighting?
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Very wide at about 180 degrees
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
aperture diameter

8. What color is opposite Red on the color wheel?
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Cyan
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject

9. If an image is too cyan - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Butterfly lighting
Add red
Add green

10. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
Short lighting
8 bits
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Add green

11. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
One stop less
Additive (R - G - B)
four times more
Add green

12. What are luminance and illuminance?
International Organization for Standardization
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

13. Printers use what set of colors?
Because you can move in close to the subject
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Subtractive primaries (plus black)

14. The amount of motion blur in an image will increase if you do what?
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
High Dynamic Range
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.

15. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
256

16. What does side lighting emphasize?
Blue & Green
sRGB
Add cyan
emphasizes textures

17. What is focal length - technically?
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Magenta
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Variations command

18. What is a thyristor?
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
A change in illumination
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Magenta

19. What two controls adjust the amount of light that reaches the sensor?
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Aperture and shutter
9
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

20. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
In the middle
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Yellow

21. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
emphasizes textures
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

22. A histogram with peaks on either end of the histogram and a deep valley in between represents what?
Infinity
A high contrast image
A change in illumination
One stop

23. What is the effect of front lighting?
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
A new layer
The amount of information contained in each pixel
The difference between light and dark.

24. Cyan is composed of equal parts of what two colors?
Shutter-Priority
3:1 or 4:1
Blue & Green
Fisheye

25. Focal length controls what?
1/250th
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
A change in illumination
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view

26. Daylight is approximately what color temperature?
5 -000 Kelvin
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Soft proofing
All colors

27. The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper?
stopped down
Short lighting.
four times more
Glossy paper

28. When the subtractive primaries are added together equally - what is created?
Aperture-priority
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

29. The image transmitted by the lens is recorded by the what?
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
sensor
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta

30. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
One stop less
Add green
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
The sensor's sensitivity to light

31. What is a flag?
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
RAID system

32. What is dodging?
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
One stop less
Add red
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

33. What light source has the highest color temperature?
Levels adjustment
Magenta
Aperture and shutter
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

34. An 8x10 at 240 dpi will have a resolution of what?
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
The sensor's sensitivity to light
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.

35. What kind of film can help reduce haze in a landscape?
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Infrared
Additive (R - G - B)
Shutter-priority

36. A 1:1 lighting ratio produces what lighting result?
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Flat lighting
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."

37. What is TTL?
Front lighting
Add red
It increases
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

38. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
Levels adjustment
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Shutter speed & aperture
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

39. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
Blue
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

40. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Lower
Infrared

41. This type of backup system is fault-tolerant because it creates redundant data.
Magenta
Shutter-Priority
A raster image
RAID system

42. Tungsten is approximately what color temperature?
3200 Kelvin
3:1 or 4:1
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

43. A tonal correction cannot be accomplished by using a...
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Follow focus
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.

44. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
8 bits
Levels adjustment
A new layer
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

45. Generally - how much exposure compensation (in stops) should be used when using a polarizing filter?
emphasizes textures
Selecting portions of the image based on color
1 1/3 stops
256

46. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
1 or 2
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
aperture diameter
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

47. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
All colors
5 -000 Kelvin
Yellow
Aperture and shutter

48. What are IPTC fields used for?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Selecting portions of the image based on color

49. How is brightness and contrast best controlled in Photoshop?
Depth of field
Levels adjustment
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Soft proofing

50. Contrast measures what in a print?
The difference between light and dark.
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
All colors