Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What color is opposite Red on the color wheel?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
1 1/3 stops
Cyan
High Dynamic Range

2. Perspective is affected by what?
lens-to-subject distance
Infrared
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Small light source at an angle to the subject

3. An image made of pixels is sometimes called what?
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
A raster image
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

4. Tungsten is approximately what color temperature?
Depth of field
3200 Kelvin
Follow focus
A raster image

5. What angle should a polarizing filter be to the sun for best results?
1 or 2
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.

6. This viewing option gives you the most accurate version of your image in Photoshop.
Shutter speed & aperture
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Actual Pixel view

7. What is a derivative file?
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
A RAW file that has been altered

8. Panning does what?
3:1 or 4:1
Shutter-Priority
Actual Pixel view
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

9. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
A high contrast image
One stop less

10. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed - what mode are you working in?
flat - low contrast light
Aperture-priority
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Use and adjustment layer

11. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Bit

12. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
5000K
It increases
Very wide at about 180 degrees

13. Contrast measures what in a print?
256
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
The difference between light and dark.
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

14. When buying a lens hood - you should get it in what size relative to the lens?

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15. What is focal length - technically?
Add green
Zoom lens
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Selecting portions of the image based on color

16. The useable exposure range of a sensor - or the range of subject brightness is called what?
Black (0)
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
One stop
5000K

17. What do TTL systems react to?
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
RAID system
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image

18. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Contrast
Depth of field
JPEG

19. Name two ways you can increase depth of field (other than changing aperture).
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Butterfly lighting
1 1/3 stops
Aperture

20. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Black (0)
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.

21. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
Metadata
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Broad lighting
stopped down

22. What is a color profile?
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Blue & Green
High Dynamic Range
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).

23. What color is between Magenta and Cyan on the color wheel?
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Incident light meter
1/250th
Blue

24. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
ISO
Convex
Front lighting
Subtractive primaries (plus black)

25. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
Butterfly lighting
Shutter speed & aperture
Lower
Aperture

26. What are the effects of top lighting?
256
flat - low contrast light
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.

27. What are IPTC fields used for?
Bit
Aperture
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

28. Going clockwise around the color wheel - starting with RED - what is the progression of colors?
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
A raster image
sRGB
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta

29. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
White (255)
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Shutter speed & aperture

30. What Photoshop tool allows you to select an area of any size or shape by drawing freehand?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Lasso tool
hue/saturation adjustment layer

31. The image transmitted by the lens is recorded by the what?
Total number of pixels
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
sensor
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

32. What is burning?
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
lens-to-subject distance
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

33. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
aperture diameter
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

34. What is dodging?
Shutter-priority
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Actual Pixel view

35. What does a neutral density filter do?
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Blue
White (255)
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.

36. What two controls adjust the amount of light that reaches the sensor?
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Levels adjustment
Aperture and shutter

37. To emphasize texture in a portrait - what kind of light source is recommended?
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Levels adjustment
Small light source at an angle to the subject

38. A tonal correction cannot be accomplished by using a...
Fisheye
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Parallax

39. A magic wand tool is used for what?
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Selecting portions of the image based on color

40. What is the best color profile for web images?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
sRGB
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
The amount of information contained in each pixel

41. What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject?
flat - low contrast light
Blown highlights
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Cyan

42. Generally - how much exposure compensation (in stops) should be used when using a polarizing filter?
1 1/3 stops
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
A mirror and pentaprism
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

43. Printers use what set of colors?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
sRGB
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Subtractive primaries (plus black)

44. What is a flag?
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Blue
flat - low contrast light
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

45. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
8 bits
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

46. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Follow focus
Lower
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

47. A lens with a very wide angle of view and produces barrel distortion is what kind of lens?
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Fisheye
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor

48. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
256
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light

49. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
A mirror and pentaprism
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Selecting portions of the image based on color
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.

50. Digital cameras use what set of primary colors?
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Additive (R - G - B)
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Add magenta