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Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. A tall vertical line on the right hand edge of a histogram indicates what?
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
ISO
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Blown highlights

2. As the aperture is stopped down - what happens to sharpness?
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
It increases
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

3. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Bit
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Short lighting

4. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
A mirror and pentaprism
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
No

5. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
Blown highlights
Broad lighting
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Add green

6. What is a thyristor?
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Short lighting.
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta

7. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
Infrared
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Follow focus
Aperture-Priority

8. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
1/250th
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Zoom lens

9. A technique used to maintain sharp focus on a subject that is moving toward you is called what?
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Follow focus
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Soft proofing

10. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
The brightness of all the pixels in an image

11. A tonal correction cannot be accomplished by using a...
1 1/3 stops
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
hue/saturation adjustment layer

12. A color image with smooth gradiations requires at least what bit depth?
Soft proofing
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

13. What is the term used to describe human's change in perception of a color under different light sources?
Metamerism
Blue
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Reciprocal relationship

14. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
8 bits
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
1/250th
Cyan

15. Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements?
Blue
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
A raster image

16. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Shutter-priority
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Half as much light

17. A 1:1 lighting ratio produces what lighting result?
5000K
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
aperture diameter
Flat lighting

18. What does "photomacrograph" or "macrophotograph" mean?
A change in illumination
Actual Pixel view
Lower
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."

19. If an image is too red - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Bit
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
Add cyan

20. What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent?
Follow focus
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
White (255)

21. What does ISO stand for?
Aperture-Priority
International Organization for Standardization
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

22. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
Blue & Green
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
hue/saturation adjustment layer
All colors

23. If an image is too yellow - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
White (255)
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Add blue

24. What would you use an ICC profile for?
3200 Kelvin
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
One stop less
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.

25. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Blue

26. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Broad lighting
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.

27. What color is opposite Green on the color wheel?
lens-to-subject distance
Levels adjustment
Additive (R - G - B)
Magenta

28. What is TTL?
256
ISO
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
No

29. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Half as much light
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Flat lighting

30. What kind of meter is built in to most cameras?
In the middle
Magenta
Reflected light meter
One stop

31. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
No
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject

32. What light source has the highest color temperature?
Convex
Aperture
International Organization for Standardization
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

33. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
Black (0)
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Parallax
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment

34. All objects beyond the closest distance in focus will be sharp when this appears within the DOF scale.
Infinity
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Add green

35. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
256

36. What determines what will be a 'normal' focal length lens on a particular camera?
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Lower

37. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
3:1 or 4:1
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Magenta

38. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
Contrast
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Front lighting
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)

39. What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject?
flat - low contrast light
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.

40. What is the term used to describe a sensor's sensitivity to light?
Aperture-Priority
ISO
Short lighting.
JPEG

41. What is a flag?
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Incident light meter
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Metamerism

42. A filter with a factor of 2 requires how many stops of compensation?

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43. What is an element and where is it found?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Because you can move in close to the subject
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)

44. What image adjustment tool uses a histogram display to alter an image?
RAID system
Levels adjustment
sRGB
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

45. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture - what mode are you working in?
Shutter-priority
Very wide at about 180 degrees
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors

46. What is the suggested shutter speed to stop action of a child running parallel to the film plan - about 25 feet from the camera?
Yellow
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
A new layer
1/250th

47. Photoshop's command for a simple way to start using color balance is what?
Variations command
Flat lighting
Use and adjustment layer
The difference between light and dark.

48. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
Because you can move in close to the subject
Convex
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.

49. Printers use what set of colors?
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Front lighting
Add cyan

50. What is interpolated resolution?
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
The amount of information contained in each pixel
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

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