Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
Broad lighting
The difference between light and dark.
JPEG
International Organization for Standardization

2. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
JPEG
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Yellow
Parallax

3. What is a color profile?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Short lighting
lens-to-subject distance
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.

4. What is the name of the issue that prevents you from seeing exactly what the lens sees when using a rangefinder camera?
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Parallax
Lasso tool
Blown highlights

5. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
Add blue
Because you can move in close to the subject
emphasizes textures
Shutter-Priority

6. What is a BYTE?
Add green
All colors
Reflected light meter
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.

7. A histogram with peaks on either end of the histogram and a deep valley in between represents what?
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
A high contrast image
Zoom lens
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)

8. What is the name of the technique used to make a monitor look like what you will see on your print?
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Soft proofing
Metadata

9. What does ISO stand for?
International Organization for Standardization
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Flat lighting

10. A magic wand tool is used for what?
Yellow
Add yellow
Lower
Selecting portions of the image based on color

11. This kind of meter is preferred by photographers working in a studio situation where lighting conditions can be altered.
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Shutter speed & aperture
Incident light meter

12. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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13. What is the best color profile for web images?
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
sRGB

14. How is brightness and contrast best controlled in Photoshop?
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
A new layer
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Levels adjustment

15. This light modifier can be used to highlight a specific area of the subject.
Snoot
Flat lighting
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
256

16. What do TTL systems react to?
Magenta
Half as much light
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Depth of field

17. In the 20th century - black & white photographers used the Zone system to tame excessive contrast. Now - digital photographers use what?
High Dynamic Range
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Total number of pixels
Blue

18. What is the usable exposure range - or range of subject brightness called?
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Dynamic range
Bit

19. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
3:1 or 4:1
Metamerism
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

20. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
A mirror and pentaprism
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Fair Use
sRGB

21. The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper?
Glossy paper
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
Reflected light meter
Butterfly lighting

22. What angle should a polarizing filter be to the sun for best results?
Zoom lens
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
flat - low contrast light

23. A tonal correction cannot be accomplished by using a...
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
JPEG
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Butterfly lighting

24. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
It increases
Bit

25. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Follow focus
Snoot
The impression human vision gives

26. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
Add blue
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
9
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

27. Blue is opposite what color on the color wheel?
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Yellow
Shutter-Priority

28. What Photoshop tool allows you to select an area of any size or shape by drawing freehand?
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Lasso tool
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Fair Use

29. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Flat lighting

30. What light source has the highest color temperature?
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Snoot
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

31. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
Very wide at about 180 degrees
256
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
RAID system

32. Aperture controls what?
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
All colors
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Add cyan

33. A filter with a factor of 2 requires how many stops of compensation?

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34. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Reflected light meter
Metadata
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
One stop less

35. What kind of meter is built in to most cameras?
emphasizes textures
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Reflected light meter
Snoot

36. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).

37. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

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38. What is focal length - technically?
5000K
Reflected light meter
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Soft proofing

39. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
In the middle
A mirror and pentaprism
A change in illumination

40. What is TTL?
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Levels adjustment
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.

41. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
High Dynamic Range
Soft proofing
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Infrared

42. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
1 or 2
Variations command
Parallax
Metadata

43. What is the term used to describe human's change in perception of a color under different light sources?
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Metamerism
1 1/3 stops
Fair Use

44. Instead of permanently altering your image when adjusting for color and value - what should you do?
Use and adjustment layer
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Shutter-Priority
A mirror and pentaprism

45. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
The impression human vision gives
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Front lighting

46. If an image is too green - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Aperture and shutter
Add magenta
White (255)
sRGB

47. Generally - how much exposure compensation (in stops) should be used when using a polarizing filter?
8 stops
5000K
1 1/3 stops
Short lighting

48. Perspective is affected by what?
9
lens-to-subject distance
Add cyan
Follow focus

49. What is the effect of front lighting?
Black (0)
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
5 -000 Kelvin

50. What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent?
Half as much light
Metamerism
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
White (255)