Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture - what mode are you working in?
Infinity
Shutter-priority
Lower
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor

2. What are IPTC fields used for?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Yellow
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.

3. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Snoot
Fisheye
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

4. What is focal length - technically?
ISO
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
It increases

5. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
Add green
9
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.

6. This stores electronic images captured in a digital camera until they can be transferred to a computer.
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Total number of pixels
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

7. What are luminance and illuminance?
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Half as much light
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Add yellow

8. What is the usable exposure range - or range of subject brightness called?
Cyan
A new layer
The difference between light and dark.
Dynamic range

9. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
A RAW file that has been altered
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

10. When the additive primaries are mixed together equally - what is created?
Yellow
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)

11. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Blown highlights
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
One stop less

12. Digital cameras use what set of primary colors?
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Additive (R - G - B)
Parallax
8 stops

13. What color is opposite Red on the color wheel?
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Cyan
Convex

14. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture.
Shutter-Priority
Shutter-priority
Snoot
Lower

15. A histogram shows what in an image?
High Dynamic Range
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
A new layer

16. How would you define exposure in mathematical terms?
Contrast
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.

17. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
Because you can move in close to the subject
1 1/3 stops
Shutter-Priority
The impression human vision gives

18. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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19. If an image is too cyan - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Bit
Add red
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Because you can move in close to the subject

20. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
Short lighting
JPEG
Black (0)
Reflected light meter

21. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
Blue
8 bits
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Contrast

22. Sharpness from near to far is controlled by what?
Shutter-priority
hue/saturation adjustment layer
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Aperture

23. A tall vertical line on the right hand edge of a histogram indicates what?
It increases
Yellow
stopped down
Blown highlights

24. What is a BYTE?
Magenta
A new layer
Snoot
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.

25. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add yellow
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Aperture-Priority
Bit

26. When buying a lens hood - you should get it in what size relative to the lens?

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27. If an image is too green - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
A new layer
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Total number of pixels
Add magenta

28. Aperture controls what?
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
8 stops
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

29. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Add red
5000K
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

30. What do TTL systems react to?
Contrast
Flat lighting
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

31. Generally - how much exposure compensation (in stops) should be used when using a polarizing filter?
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
1 1/3 stops
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.

32. What does a neutral density filter do?
Follow focus
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.

33. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
Yellow
Blue
Dynamic range
Snoot

34. What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject?
A change in illumination
flat - low contrast light
Incident light meter
Levels adjustment

35. What is the term used to describe a sensor's sensitivity to light?
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
ISO
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image

36. What kind of film can help reduce haze in a landscape?
Infrared
Add yellow
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Short lighting

37. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very dark scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Aperture
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
1 or 2

38. A lens with a very wide angle of view and produces barrel distortion is what kind of lens?
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Fisheye
256
Levels adjustment

39. What two controls adjust the amount of light that reaches the sensor?
Magenta
Aperture and shutter
It increases
A new layer

40. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Front lighting
RAID system
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.

41. As the aperture is stopped down - what happens to sharpness?
1 or 2
Aperture-priority
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

42. A 1:1 lighting ratio produces what lighting result?
Flat lighting
5 -000 Kelvin
Levels adjustment
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

43. What light source has the highest color temperature?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
It increases

44. The area of acceptable sharpness in an image is called what?
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Depth of field
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject

45. A histogram with peaks on either end of the histogram and a deep valley in between represents what?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
A high contrast image
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

46. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Half as much light
The difference between light and dark.
Cyan

47. What is TTL?
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Blown highlights
1/250th
Lasso tool

48. Name two ways you can increase depth of field (other than changing aperture).
Glossy paper
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Use and adjustment layer
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

49. What is a derivative file?
A RAW file that has been altered
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
High Dynamic Range
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.

50. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed - what mode are you working in?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Add cyan
Aperture-priority