Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. The amount of motion blur in an image will increase if you do what?
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

2. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed.
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Contrast
Aperture-Priority
lens-to-subject distance

3. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
Short lighting.
5000K
Metamerism
A new layer

4. What image adjustment tool uses a histogram display to alter an image?
Parallax
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Black (0)
Levels adjustment

5. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
Butterfly lighting
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
In the middle
Add green

6. Sharpness from near to far is controlled by what?
Fair Use
Shutter-Priority
Aperture
Infinity

7. What does "photomacrograph" or "macrophotograph" mean?
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
stopped down
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."

8. What is an element and where is it found?
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
hue/saturation adjustment layer
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)

9. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture - what mode are you working in?
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Shutter-priority
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Additive (R - G - B)

10. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
256
Lower
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
A raster image

11. Daylight is approximately what color temperature?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
5 -000 Kelvin
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

12. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
Aperture-Priority
1 1/3 stops
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
In the middle

13. What is TTL?
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.

14. The useable exposure range of a sensor - or the range of subject brightness is called what?
One stop less
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.

15. Contrast measures what in a print?
Shutter-priority
The difference between light and dark.
8 stops
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

16. What angle of view does a reflected light meter read?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Because you can move in close to the subject
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view

17. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
Actual Pixel view
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Soft proofing
Convex

18. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

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19. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
9
Shutter-Priority
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.

20. In short lighting - where is the main light placed?
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Cyan
Dynamic range
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

21. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
lens-to-subject distance
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Small light source at an angle to the subject

22. What is the inverse square law?
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.

23. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
Half as much light
Bit
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Parallax

24. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
5 -000 Kelvin
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
The difference between light and dark.

25. What is dodging?
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Glossy paper

26. Name two ways you can increase depth of field (other than changing aperture).
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Levels adjustment
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.

27. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
ISO
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
A new layer

28. What does a neutral density filter do?
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Metadata
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

29. The relative aperture is equal to the lens focal length divided by what?
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
aperture diameter
Actual Pixel view
Convex

30. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Selecting portions of the image based on color
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

31. This stores electronic images captured in a digital camera until they can be transferred to a computer.
It increases
9
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
8 bits

32. This viewing option gives you the most accurate version of your image in Photoshop.
Black (0)
Actual Pixel view
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)

33. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
Broad lighting
The sensor's sensitivity to light
The impression human vision gives
8 stops

34. All objects beyond the closest distance in focus will be sharp when this appears within the DOF scale.
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Infinity
Snoot
All colors

35. Aperture controls what?
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Incident light meter
Shutter speed & aperture

36. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Because you can move in close to the subject
9
Broad lighting

37. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
1 or 2
Add magenta
Black (0)

38. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Flat lighting
All colors
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor

39. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
Front lighting
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
The brightness of all the pixels in an image

40. What is a derivative file?
Blown highlights
A RAW file that has been altered
Yellow
Variations command

41. A general purpose lens will provide an f-stop range of up to how many?
8 stops
256
ISO
Metadata

42. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
The sensor's sensitivity to light
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
It increases
Half as much light

43. Generally - how much exposure compensation (in stops) should be used when using a polarizing filter?
1 1/3 stops
All colors
Variations command
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.

44. A normal (or standard) focal length lens approximates what?
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
The impression human vision gives

45. What kind of meter is built in to most cameras?
Blue & Green
Reflected light meter
sensor
aperture diameter

46. What do TTL systems react to?
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Incident light meter
5 -000 Kelvin
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

47. The term to describe the combination of aperture and shutter speed that can be changed by moving them in opposite directions.
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Reciprocal relationship
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.

48. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

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49. Instead of permanently altering your image when adjusting for color and value - what should you do?
Lasso tool
Use and adjustment layer
Butterfly lighting
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

50. Generally - traditional portraits use what lighting ratio?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Add blue
3:1 or 4:1
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi