Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. The amount of motion blur in an image will increase if you do what?
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
aperture diameter
Yellow
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

2. The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper?
Half as much light
Follow focus
Glossy paper
A change in illumination

3. What is interpolated resolution?
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Blue
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

4. What is focal length - technically?
One stop
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Add red
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.

5. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
Depth of field
256
JPEG
Metamerism

6. What two controls adjust the amount of light that reaches the sensor?
Because you can move in close to the subject
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
256
Aperture and shutter

7. Bit depth refers to what?
RAID system
Blue & Green
1 or 2
The amount of information contained in each pixel

8. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very dark scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Black (0)
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.

9. What color is opposite Green on the color wheel?
Shutter-Priority
Broad lighting
Magenta
Aperture-priority

10. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Metamerism
A change in illumination

11. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
Blue
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Follow focus
Aperture

12. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

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13. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
It increases

14. What determines what will be a 'normal' focal length lens on a particular camera?
The impression human vision gives
Blue & Green
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
3200 Kelvin

15. In a digital image - the images file sizes corresponds to the total number of what in the image?
Aperture-Priority
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Total number of pixels
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."

16. What is the usable exposure range - or range of subject brightness called?
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
A high contrast image
Dynamic range
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.

17. What is TTL?
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
sensor
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
The amount of information contained in each pixel

18. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Actual Pixel view
Front lighting

19. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
Half as much light
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
In the middle

20. What do TTL systems react to?
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
8 stops
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.

21. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
One stop less
Additive (R - G - B)
1 1/3 stops
Convex

22. In the 20th century - black & white photographers used the Zone system to tame excessive contrast. Now - digital photographers use what?
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Soft proofing
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
High Dynamic Range

23. What light source has the highest color temperature?
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
3200 Kelvin
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

24. What does a neutral density filter do?
Levels adjustment
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
The impression human vision gives
The difference between light and dark.

25. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
1 or 2
256
Use and adjustment layer
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.

26. When the additive primaries are mixed together equally - what is created?
Add magenta
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Reflected light meter
The sensor's sensitivity to light

27. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
ISO
Lower
Zoom lens
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.

28. In short lighting - where is the main light placed?
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Contrast
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Glossy paper

29. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
1 or 2
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Black (0)
four times more

30. What is the name of the technique used to make a monitor look like what you will see on your print?
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Soft proofing
sensor

31. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)

32. A 1:1 lighting ratio produces what lighting result?
Contrast
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Flat lighting
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)

33. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Add red
ISO
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image

34. How is brightness and contrast best controlled in Photoshop?
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Blown highlights
Levels adjustment

35. Focal length controls what?
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
A new layer

36. How would you define exposure in mathematical terms?
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Snoot
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)

37. Tungsten is approximately what color temperature?
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
A raster image
3200 Kelvin
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.

38. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Half as much light
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree

39. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
Incident light meter
stopped down
Short lighting
Shutter-Priority

40. This light modifier can be used to highlight a specific area of the subject.
Infinity
Snoot
Selecting portions of the image based on color
High Dynamic Range

41. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Short lighting
5 -000 Kelvin
Add green

42. Aperture controls what?
Broad lighting
White (255)
A high contrast image
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

43. What does ISO stand for?
No
International Organization for Standardization
The impression human vision gives
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.

44. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
Convex
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
White (255)

45. A lens with a very wide angle of view and produces barrel distortion is what kind of lens?
Lower
Fisheye
1/250th
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

46. The area of acceptable sharpness in an image is called what?
Add cyan
Butterfly lighting
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Depth of field

47. What is burning?
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Shutter-priority
Variations command
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

48. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Add green
flat - low contrast light

49. If an image is too green - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add magenta
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Zoom lens
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

50. Panning does what?
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Very wide at about 180 degrees
A raster image
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background