Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
High Dynamic Range
Add cyan
Black (0)

2. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
One stop less
Shutter speed & aperture
Aperture

3. What is the term used to describe human's change in perception of a color under different light sources?
Add blue
Metamerism
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.

4. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
It increases
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
The sensor's sensitivity to light
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.

5. How would you define exposure in mathematical terms?
Because you can move in close to the subject
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

6. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
256
emphasizes textures
A mirror and pentaprism

7. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
Add red
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

8. What is the inverse square law?
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Soft proofing
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

9. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
Selecting portions of the image based on color
No
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
White (255)

10. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Metamerism
Aperture-priority

11. What color is opposite Red on the color wheel?
Cyan
Variations command
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.

12. Resolution refers to what?
Small light source at an angle to the subject
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Aperture-Priority

13. What two controls adjust the amount of light that reaches the sensor?
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Aperture and shutter
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Metamerism

14. A 1:1 lighting ratio produces what lighting result?
One stop
Yellow
Flat lighting
Small light source at an angle to the subject

15. When the size of the aperture is decreased - it is said to be what?
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
stopped down
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Aperture-priority

16. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Black (0)
JPEG
Variations command

17. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
lens-to-subject distance

18. What is the usable exposure range - or range of subject brightness called?
Fair Use
Glossy paper
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Dynamic range

19. What would you use an ICC profile for?
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
It increases
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

20. What is a color profile?
A new layer
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Additive (R - G - B)
Aperture

21. Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements?
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.

22. Printers use what set of colors?
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.

23. What is the effect of front lighting?
1 1/3 stops
Use and adjustment layer
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

24. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
All colors
Metadata
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)

25. Doubling the aperture setting creates how many stops difference in the amount of light reaching the sensor?
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Aperture
Small light source at an angle to the subject
One stop

26. An image made of pixels is sometimes called what?
A raster image
5000K
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
In the middle

27. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
In the middle
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
four times more
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject

28. To emphasize texture in a portrait - what kind of light source is recommended?
sRGB
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
JPEG
Small light source at an angle to the subject

29. What is the name of the issue that prevents you from seeing exactly what the lens sees when using a rangefinder camera?
Parallax
5000K
Add yellow
Levels adjustment

30. What is an element and where is it found?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Follow focus
In the middle

31. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
All colors
Short lighting
3:1 or 4:1
256

32. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
3200 Kelvin

33. Instead of permanently altering your image when adjusting for color and value - what should you do?
Use and adjustment layer
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.

34. A color image with smooth gradiations requires at least what bit depth?
RAID system
Aperture and shutter
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

35. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture.
The amount of information contained in each pixel
flat - low contrast light
Shutter-Priority
The difference between light and dark.

36. What does the term "stop" mean?
JPEG
A change in illumination
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors

37. This viewing option gives you the most accurate version of your image in Photoshop.
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Actual Pixel view
A new layer
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light

38. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
One stop
Shutter speed & aperture
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
A RAW file that has been altered

39. What kind of film can help reduce haze in a landscape?
The difference between light and dark.
Flat lighting
Infrared
Fisheye

40. In a digital image - the images file sizes corresponds to the total number of what in the image?
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Total number of pixels

41. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
four times more
Aperture and shutter
A high contrast image
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."

42. What angle should a polarizing filter be to the sun for best results?
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

43. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed - what mode are you working in?
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
It increases
Aperture-priority
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.

44. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
Reflected light meter
A RAW file that has been altered
In the middle
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

45. What is burning?
Flat lighting
Parallax
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.

46. When the subtractive primaries are added together equally - what is created?
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

47. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
sensor
Add green
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

48. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
A mirror and pentaprism
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
8 bits
Add green

49. What are luminance and illuminance?
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Because you can move in close to the subject
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)

50. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed.
3:1 or 4:1
Blown highlights
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Aperture-Priority