Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
3200 Kelvin
Reciprocal relationship

2. Resolution refers to what?
Aperture
Shutter speed & aperture
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Follow focus

3. Daylight is approximately what color temperature?
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Add red
5 -000 Kelvin
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

4. What kind of lighting pattern places the key light directly in front of and higher than the face?
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Butterfly lighting
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.

5. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Parallax
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Add green

6. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
Blown highlights
8 bits
Add cyan
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree

7. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
8 stops
Lasso tool
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.

8. When the subtractive primaries are added together equally - what is created?
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Yellow
8 stops
Lower

9. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
5000K
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Use and adjustment layer
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.

10. What is a flag?
Yellow
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Butterfly lighting
Lasso tool

11. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
JPEG
aperture diameter
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.

12. This light modifier can be used to highlight a specific area of the subject.
3200 Kelvin
The difference between light and dark.
Snoot
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

13. What angle of view does a reflected light meter read?
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
1 or 2
Total number of pixels
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees

14. What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject?
International Organization for Standardization
flat - low contrast light
White (255)
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

15. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Fair Use
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Additive (R - G - B)

16. What is the suggested shutter speed to stop action of a child running parallel to the film plan - about 25 feet from the camera?
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
1/250th
Follow focus
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

17. What does a neutral density filter do?
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Use and adjustment layer
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

18. What Photoshop tool allows you to select an area of any size or shape by drawing freehand?
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Lasso tool
Lower

19. What are luminance and illuminance?
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
four times more
A RAW file that has been altered
Blown highlights

20. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Half as much light
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Black (0)

21. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Aperture and shutter
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

22. In a digital image - the images file sizes corresponds to the total number of what in the image?
Reflected light meter
Total number of pixels
Lasso tool
Shutter-Priority

23. What is a thyristor?
Infinity
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
It increases
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

24. What is the inverse square law?
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
It increases
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.

25. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

26. If an image is too green - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
5 -000 Kelvin
Add magenta
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.

27. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
Use and adjustment layer
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

28. This type of backup system is fault-tolerant because it creates redundant data.
RAID system
Blue & Green
256
Blown highlights

29. In short lighting - where is the main light placed?
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Selecting portions of the image based on color
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.

30. What two controls adjust the amount of light that reaches the sensor?
Aperture and shutter
Depth of field
Reflected light meter
Lower

31. The amount of motion blur in an image will increase if you do what?
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Reflected light meter
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

32. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
Add cyan
Follow focus
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Front lighting

33. What is the term used to describe human's change in perception of a color under different light sources?
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Dynamic range
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Metamerism

34. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Dynamic range
International Organization for Standardization
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.

35. When buying a lens hood - you should get it in what size relative to the lens?

36. When the additive primaries are mixed together equally - what is created?
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
aperture diameter
Shutter-priority
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

37. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
Yellow
All colors
The difference between light and dark.
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

38. What image adjustment tool uses a histogram display to alter an image?
Bit
Levels adjustment
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
emphasizes textures

39. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Blue
1/250th
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Add red

40. What is gamut?
1/250th
Blue
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.

41. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
Aperture and shutter
256
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Glossy paper

42. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
Follow focus
1/250th
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Convex

43. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Add yellow

44. What light source has the highest color temperature?
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
lens-to-subject distance
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Soft proofing

45. What does ISO stand for?
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Parallax
Reciprocal relationship
International Organization for Standardization

46. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
emphasizes textures
8 bits
Add yellow

47. Digital cameras use what set of primary colors?
Additive (R - G - B)
stopped down
5 -000 Kelvin
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

48. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Broad lighting
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.

49. What are the effects of high side lighting?
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Aperture-priority
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
The impression human vision gives

50. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
The amount of information contained in each pixel
It increases
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."