Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is gamut?
Dynamic range
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
ISO

2. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
Add blue
Butterfly lighting
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Reflected light meter

3. What angle should a polarizing filter be to the sun for best results?
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
four times more
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Short lighting.

4. What are IPTC fields used for?
emphasizes textures
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Levels adjustment
A RAW file that has been altered

5. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
The impression human vision gives
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.

6. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
Short lighting.
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
No
One stop less

7. This type of backup system is fault-tolerant because it creates redundant data.
Fair Use
One stop
RAID system
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

8. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
Aperture and shutter
JPEG
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment

9. What is a Bit?
A high contrast image
Reflected light meter
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.

10. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

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11. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Black (0)
Use and adjustment layer

12. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed - what mode are you working in?
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Aperture-priority
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.

13. Generally - traditional portraits use what lighting ratio?
High Dynamic Range
3:1 or 4:1
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Magenta

14. Resolution refers to what?
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Add cyan
Zoom lens
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image

15. What are the effects of top lighting?
The impression human vision gives
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Soft proofing

16. A filter with a factor of 2 requires how many stops of compensation?

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17. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
The impression human vision gives
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Broad lighting

18. An image made of pixels is sometimes called what?
In the middle
Levels adjustment
Because you can move in close to the subject
A raster image

19. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
Convex
The impression human vision gives
In the middle
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree

20. When the subtractive primaries are added together equally - what is created?
One stop less
Aperture-priority
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

21. What is dodging?
Metamerism
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Very wide at about 180 degrees

22. What are luminance and illuminance?
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Add magenta
Follow focus
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)

23. What is the best color profile for web images?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Shutter-priority
sRGB
1/250th

24. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
It increases
Butterfly lighting
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
A new layer

25. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Follow focus
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

26. This light modifier can be used to highlight a specific area of the subject.
Additive (R - G - B)
Broad lighting
Add magenta
Snoot

27. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
It increases
lens-to-subject distance
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

28. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Add green
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

29. What is the suggested shutter speed to stop action of a child running parallel to the film plan - about 25 feet from the camera?
Reflected light meter
1/250th
Infinity
hue/saturation adjustment layer

30. Cyan is composed of equal parts of what two colors?
Yellow
Blue & Green
A RAW file that has been altered
Metamerism

31. What is the term used to describe human's change in perception of a color under different light sources?
Follow focus
Metamerism
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
3:1 or 4:1

32. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture.
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Shutter-Priority
A mirror and pentaprism
Levels adjustment

33. Perspective is affected by what?
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
8 stops
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
lens-to-subject distance

34. When buying a lens hood - you should get it in what size relative to the lens?

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35. What light source has the highest color temperature?
A raster image
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Metadata
Blue & Green

36. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
Fair Use
Metadata
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

37. What color is opposite Red on the color wheel?
Cyan
Dynamic range
Blown highlights
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.

38. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Cyan
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Add green

39. Aperture controls what?
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
8 bits

40. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
1 1/3 stops
Bit
Add green
Cyan

41. Focal length controls what?
Levels adjustment
Add blue
1 or 2
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view

42. What is burning?
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
four times more
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

43. What color is between Magenta and Cyan on the color wheel?
Aperture-Priority
Blue
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
A high contrast image

44. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
Parallax
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

45. What would you use an ICC profile for?
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Bit
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.

46. Daylight is approximately what color temperature?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
5 -000 Kelvin
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.

47. The amount of motion blur in an image will increase if you do what?
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Metadata
Add magenta

48. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Magenta
lens-to-subject distance
9

49. Blue is opposite what color on the color wheel?
Soft proofing
Yellow
Follow focus
Depth of field

50. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
5000K
Black (0)
Butterfly lighting
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.