Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
Total number of pixels
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Broad lighting
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)

2. What determines what will be a 'normal' focal length lens on a particular camera?
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Shutter-priority

3. What do TTL systems react to?
A high contrast image
Infinity
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

4. What does ISO stand for?
Shutter-Priority
Because you can move in close to the subject
Small light source at an angle to the subject
International Organization for Standardization

5. This light modifier can be used to highlight a specific area of the subject.
Parallax
In the middle
Snoot
Add green

6. Panning does what?
Aperture-Priority
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
8 stops

7. In a curves adjustment layer - what does the shape of the curve indicate?
Contrast
Add red
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Add cyan

8. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
1 or 2
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Half as much light

9. What is interpolated resolution?
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Shutter speed & aperture
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

10. The amount of motion blur in an image will increase if you do what?
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Bit
White (255)

11. A histogram with peaks on either end of the histogram and a deep valley in between represents what?
Follow focus
flat - low contrast light
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
A high contrast image

12. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Convex

13. What is the name of the technique used to make a monitor look like what you will see on your print?
In the middle
Snoot
Short lighting
Soft proofing

14. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
9
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Lower

15. To emphasize texture in a portrait - what kind of light source is recommended?
One stop less
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Small light source at an angle to the subject

16. A normal (or standard) focal length lens approximates what?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Aperture and shutter
The impression human vision gives
1/250th

17. What is TTL?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Lower
Aperture-priority
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

18. What are the effects of top lighting?
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Blue
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Flat lighting

19. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add green
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
No
Shutter speed & aperture

20. The smallest unit of digital information is called a what?
Aperture
Bit
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
The sensor's sensitivity to light

21. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
A mirror and pentaprism
Parallax
aperture diameter
Metadata

22. What does the term "stop" mean?
5 -000 Kelvin
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
A change in illumination
One stop

23. Can you save layers in a JPEG file format?
No
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Aperture and shutter
Follow focus

24. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Add yellow
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

25. A magic wand tool is used for what?
High Dynamic Range
Levels adjustment
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

26. A histogram shows what in an image?
3200 Kelvin
JPEG
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.

27. If an image is too cyan - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Total number of pixels
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Add red
four times more

28. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
8 bits
Zoom lens
White (255)

29. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
3200 Kelvin
Fair Use
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

30. A tonal correction cannot be accomplished by using a...
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Magenta
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
hue/saturation adjustment layer

31. Photoshop's command for a simple way to start using color balance is what?
four times more
Incident light meter
Variations command
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)

32. What are IPTC fields used for?
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
9

33. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
White (255)
Because you can move in close to the subject
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor

34. What color is between Magenta and Cyan on the color wheel?
Blue
1 1/3 stops
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
High Dynamic Range

35. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Yellow
ISO
The amount of information contained in each pixel

36. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
Follow focus
One stop less
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.

37. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
sensor

38. Perspective is affected by what?
A high contrast image
8 bits
lens-to-subject distance
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

39. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
Lasso tool
9
5 -000 Kelvin
Shutter-Priority

40. What angle should a polarizing filter be to the sun for best results?
Broad lighting
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
sensor
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.

41. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
Snoot
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
sRGB
A RAW file that has been altered

42. How would you define exposure in mathematical terms?
Aperture and shutter
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Black (0)

43. Daylight is approximately what color temperature?
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
5 -000 Kelvin
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
The brightness of all the pixels in an image

44. What is gamut?
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Add green
Yellow

45. What is the effect of front lighting?
Yellow
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

46. What is the suggested shutter speed to stop action of a child running parallel to the film plan - about 25 feet from the camera?
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
1/250th
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.

47. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture - what mode are you working in?
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Shutter-priority

48. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
A new layer
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Yellow

49. What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject?
The difference between light and dark.
flat - low contrast light
Dynamic range
Shutter speed & aperture

50. What would you use an ICC profile for?
Butterfly lighting
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Add yellow
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.