Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What kind of meter is built in to most cameras?
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Shutter-Priority
Reflected light meter
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

2. What is the suggested shutter speed to stop action of a child running parallel to the film plan - about 25 feet from the camera?
1/250th
A high contrast image
Aperture-priority
Lower

3. What color is opposite Green on the color wheel?
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
One stop
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Magenta

4. If an image is too green - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
1 1/3 stops
Add magenta
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject

5. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Shutter speed & aperture
The impression human vision gives
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

6. Photoshop's command for a simple way to start using color balance is what?
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
aperture diameter
Variations command

7. What two controls adjust the amount of light that reaches the sensor?
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Aperture and shutter
In the middle
Add yellow

8. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Flat lighting
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor

9. If an image is too red - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
JPEG
Lasso tool
Blue
Add cyan

10. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
Half as much light
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Blown highlights
four times more

11. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
Fair Use
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
ISO

12. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
The impression human vision gives
Reflected light meter
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
The amount of information contained in each pixel

13. What is TTL?
aperture diameter
Infrared
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
The brightness of all the pixels in an image

14. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
Front lighting
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Additive (R - G - B)

15. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Short lighting
A raster image
Because you can move in close to the subject

16. Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements?
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Cyan
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees

17. What is focal length - technically?
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
A mirror and pentaprism
Because you can move in close to the subject
JPEG

18. What are the effects of high side lighting?
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
5000K
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.

19. What does a neutral density filter do?
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.

20. Generally - how much exposure compensation (in stops) should be used when using a polarizing filter?
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
A mirror and pentaprism
1 1/3 stops

21. What is dodging?
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Bit
Infrared

22. When the additive primaries are mixed together equally - what is created?
9
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Cyan

23. A filter with a factor of 2 requires how many stops of compensation?

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24. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

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25. What kind of lighting pattern places the key light directly in front of and higher than the face?
8 bits
Butterfly lighting
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
High Dynamic Range

26. What is the effect of front lighting?
Convex
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Cyan
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

27. What is the inverse square law?
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Additive (R - G - B)
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Add yellow

28. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
No
9
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.

29. What is the name of the technique used to make a monitor look like what you will see on your print?
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Soft proofing
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
A high contrast image

30. What does side lighting emphasize?
A change in illumination
White (255)
emphasizes textures
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

31. What color is opposite Red on the color wheel?
Cyan
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

32. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
Blue
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
1/250th
Fair Use

33. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
Depth of field
A new layer
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Add green

34. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
Blown highlights
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Contrast
Selecting portions of the image based on color

35. What is the name of the issue that prevents you from seeing exactly what the lens sees when using a rangefinder camera?
Lower
Parallax
5000K
Aperture-Priority

36. Printers use what set of colors?
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
A high contrast image
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Subtractive primaries (plus black)

37. What is interpolated resolution?
sensor
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
3:1 or 4:1
Shutter speed & aperture

38. Aperture controls what?
9
Add red
Aperture-priority
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

39. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
Add blue
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
Add green
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

40. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
Short lighting.
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.

41. Perspective is affected by what?
lens-to-subject distance
A high contrast image
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Magenta

42. The relative aperture is equal to the lens focal length divided by what?
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Additive (R - G - B)
aperture diameter
hue/saturation adjustment layer

43. This light modifier can be used to highlight a specific area of the subject.
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Levels adjustment
Snoot
It increases

44. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed - what mode are you working in?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Broad lighting
Aperture-priority
A high contrast image

45. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
1 or 2
Lasso tool
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

46. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
A change in illumination
Shutter speed & aperture
Black (0)
A mirror and pentaprism

47. A magic wand tool is used for what?
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Follow focus
A high contrast image
Magenta

48. What is a flag?
Magenta
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

49. Can you save layers in a JPEG file format?
Fisheye
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
No

50. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
1 1/3 stops
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.