Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are luminance and illuminance?
Use and adjustment layer
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Parallax
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.

2. What determines what will be a 'normal' focal length lens on a particular camera?
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Metamerism
Black (0)

3. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Add red
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
In the middle

4. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Short lighting
Add yellow

5. What is a flag?
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Bit
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

6. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Parallax
Blue
Add yellow

7. What does side lighting emphasize?
JPEG
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
emphasizes textures

8. The useable exposure range of a sensor - or the range of subject brightness is called what?
Lower
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Parallax
four times more

9. What do TTL systems react to?
All colors
Lower
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.

10. What is the effect of front lighting?
Shutter-Priority
It increases
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

11. When the size of the aperture is decreased - it is said to be what?
Selecting portions of the image based on color
The impression human vision gives
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
stopped down

12. Can you save layers in a JPEG file format?
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Reflected light meter
No
9

13. The term to describe the combination of aperture and shutter speed that can be changed by moving them in opposite directions.
Blue
Reciprocal relationship
It increases
flat - low contrast light

14. What is a BYTE?
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
3200 Kelvin
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.

15. This stores electronic images captured in a digital camera until they can be transferred to a computer.
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
It increases
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.

16. Name two ways you can increase depth of field (other than changing aperture).
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Add green

17. The area of acceptable sharpness in an image is called what?
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Reflected light meter
Depth of field
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

18. Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements?
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Because you can move in close to the subject
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
It increases

19. What are the effects of high side lighting?
Short lighting.
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Reciprocal relationship
four times more

20. What is a derivative file?
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
A RAW file that has been altered
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Add cyan

21. What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent?
Shutter-Priority
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
A new layer
White (255)

22. What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject?
256
flat - low contrast light
International Organization for Standardization
emphasizes textures

23. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

24. Instead of permanently altering your image when adjusting for color and value - what should you do?
Glossy paper
Use and adjustment layer
The sensor's sensitivity to light
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).

25. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
Zoom lens
Snoot
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Butterfly lighting

26. When buying a lens hood - you should get it in what size relative to the lens?

27. This kind of meter is preferred by photographers working in a studio situation where lighting conditions can be altered.
Small light source at an angle to the subject
flat - low contrast light
Incident light meter
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

28. What color is between Magenta and Cyan on the color wheel?
Use and adjustment layer
Yellow
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Blue

29. Blue is opposite what color on the color wheel?
9
1 1/3 stops
Yellow
Fisheye

30. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
Shutter speed & aperture
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Follow focus

31. To emphasize texture in a portrait - what kind of light source is recommended?
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Glossy paper
8 bits

32. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Aperture-Priority
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Black (0)

33. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
High Dynamic Range
A RAW file that has been altered

34. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
A mirror and pentaprism
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Total number of pixels

35. If an image is too green - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Shutter-priority
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Add magenta
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."

36. The amount of motion blur in an image will increase if you do what?
Yellow
5000K
International Organization for Standardization
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

37. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
256

38. Bit depth refers to what?
sensor
Cyan
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Flat lighting

39. The image transmitted by the lens is recorded by the what?
sensor
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Aperture-priority
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

40. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Follow focus
Add green
A mirror and pentaprism
5 -000 Kelvin

41. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Front lighting
Blue & Green
A high contrast image

42. If an image is too yellow - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
5 -000 Kelvin
Actual Pixel view
Add blue
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."

43. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Convex
5000K
Shutter-priority

44. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
JPEG

45. If an image is too cyan - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
8 bits
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Add red
The amount of information contained in each pixel

46. A tonal correction cannot be accomplished by using a...
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Variations command
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
hue/saturation adjustment layer

47. What is TTL?
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Convex
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).

48. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
3:1 or 4:1
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Short lighting
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.

49. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Yellow
Variations command

50. As the aperture is stopped down - what happens to sharpness?
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Magenta
More of the background and foreground are sharp.