Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How would you define exposure in mathematical terms?
Black (0)
Shutter-Priority
ISO
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

2. What is TTL?
Soft proofing
Fair Use
Add red
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

3. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Blue & Green
The impression human vision gives
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment

4. The useable exposure range of a sensor - or the range of subject brightness is called what?
Lasso tool
Fair Use
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Magenta

5. What is an element and where is it found?
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Cyan
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.

6. What two controls adjust the amount of light that reaches the sensor?
Aperture and shutter
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
ISO

7. What is the term used to describe human's change in perception of a color under different light sources?
Snoot
Zoom lens
Metamerism
Parallax

8. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
Soft proofing
Add red
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
A new layer

9. What is a BYTE?
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Subtractive primaries (plus black)

10. What Photoshop tool allows you to select an area of any size or shape by drawing freehand?
Lasso tool
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Butterfly lighting
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

11. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Contrast
All colors

12. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Fair Use
Actual Pixel view
Shutter-Priority

13. Aperture controls what?
One stop less
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
sensor
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

14. What is interpolated resolution?
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Glossy paper

15. What determines what will be a 'normal' focal length lens on a particular camera?
emphasizes textures
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Black (0)

16. The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper?
Aperture and shutter
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Glossy paper

17. An image made of pixels is sometimes called what?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
A raster image
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.

18. What are the effects of high side lighting?
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Short lighting.
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Magenta

19. What do TTL systems react to?
Levels adjustment
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Lower

20. In short lighting - where is the main light placed?
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
hue/saturation adjustment layer
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
aperture diameter

21. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
lens-to-subject distance
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree

22. What angle of view does a reflected light meter read?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Zoom lens
Infrared
flat - low contrast light

23. Blue is opposite what color on the color wheel?
sRGB
Yellow
Actual Pixel view
Aperture and shutter

24. Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements?
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Follow focus
Cyan
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color

25. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
Very wide at about 180 degrees
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
four times more
White (255)

26. A histogram with peaks on either end of the histogram and a deep valley in between represents what?
Black (0)
A high contrast image
In the middle
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees

27. A histogram shows what in an image?
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
8 stops
1 1/3 stops
Follow focus

28. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
Infinity
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

29. In a curves adjustment layer - what does the shape of the curve indicate?
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Shutter-priority
Contrast
A change in illumination

30. Sharpness from near to far is controlled by what?
Aperture
lens-to-subject distance
Add green
Incident light meter

31. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
aperture diameter
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."

32. What is the name of the technique used to make a monitor look like what you will see on your print?
RAID system
Soft proofing
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Parallax

33. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed.
Magenta
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
A new layer
Aperture-Priority

34. Instead of permanently altering your image when adjusting for color and value - what should you do?
256
Glossy paper
Use and adjustment layer
It increases

35. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Short lighting
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
256

36. Generally - how much exposure compensation (in stops) should be used when using a polarizing filter?
1 1/3 stops
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color

37. What color is opposite Green on the color wheel?
Yellow
Blue & Green
Magenta
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.

38. What kind of film can help reduce haze in a landscape?
Variations command
Infrared
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Zoom lens

39. Doubling the aperture setting creates how many stops difference in the amount of light reaching the sensor?
One stop
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Follow focus
sRGB

40. Printers use what set of colors?
Aperture
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Black (0)

41. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
1 or 2
5000K

42. What angle should a polarizing filter be to the sun for best results?
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
four times more

43. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Lasso tool
Shutter-Priority
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

44. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
9
Shutter-Priority
Soft proofing
sRGB

45. What is focal length - technically?
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
A new layer

46. What color is opposite Red on the color wheel?
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Cyan

47. What is the name of the issue that prevents you from seeing exactly what the lens sees when using a rangefinder camera?
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
stopped down
Parallax
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject

48. Focal length controls what?
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
It increases

49. What does the term "stop" mean?
flat - low contrast light
lens-to-subject distance
A change in illumination
ISO

50. What is the usable exposure range - or range of subject brightness called?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Aperture and shutter
Dynamic range