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Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Butterfly lighting

2. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
Short lighting.
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
International Organization for Standardization
Blue

3. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
A change in illumination
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Add blue
White (255)

4. In a curves adjustment layer - what does the shape of the curve indicate?
1 1/3 stops
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Contrast
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light

5. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed.
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Aperture-Priority

6. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture.
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Shutter-Priority
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

7. Perspective is affected by what?
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
lens-to-subject distance
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Lower

8. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
8 stops
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
All colors
Short lighting.

9. When the additive primaries are mixed together equally - what is created?
The amount of information contained in each pixel
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

10. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Blue
aperture diameter
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)

11. Tungsten is approximately what color temperature?
3200 Kelvin
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Cyan
Metadata

12. What is the term used to describe a sensor's sensitivity to light?
Levels adjustment
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Convex
ISO

13. Doubling the aperture setting creates how many stops difference in the amount of light reaching the sensor?
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
One stop
Incident light meter
sRGB

14. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

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15. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
8 bits
aperture diameter
Magenta

16. The smallest unit of digital information is called a what?
Bit
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
A high contrast image
Hue - Luminance - Saturation

17. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
Reciprocal relationship
Levels adjustment
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
One stop less

18. The amount of motion blur in an image will increase if you do what?
Snoot
JPEG
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Small light source at an angle to the subject

19. Printers use what set of colors?
8 bits
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
four times more
Broad lighting

20. A histogram shows what in an image?
Blue
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
5 -000 Kelvin
Add yellow

21. What does side lighting emphasize?
emphasizes textures
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
four times more
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

22. A 1:1 lighting ratio produces what lighting result?
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Levels adjustment
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Flat lighting

23. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very dark scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Aperture-priority
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

24. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
It increases
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Lower
Use and adjustment layer

25. To emphasize texture in a portrait - what kind of light source is recommended?
Small light source at an angle to the subject
No
Short lighting.
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view

26. This viewing option gives you the most accurate version of your image in Photoshop.
Actual Pixel view
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
High Dynamic Range
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

27. What is a derivative file?
Aperture-Priority
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
A RAW file that has been altered
Hue - Luminance - Saturation

28. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture - what mode are you working in?
Bit
Shutter-priority
Add cyan
Aperture-priority

29. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
Incident light meter
flat - low contrast light
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

30. What is a BYTE?
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.

31. What is the term used to describe human's change in perception of a color under different light sources?
Cyan
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Variations command
Metamerism

32. What image adjustment tool uses a histogram display to alter an image?
Butterfly lighting
1 or 2
Levels adjustment
Fisheye

33. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
Flat lighting
It increases
Add green
Follow focus

34. What would you use an ICC profile for?
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Half as much light
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Levels adjustment

35. How would you define exposure in mathematical terms?
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
The impression human vision gives
8 bits
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

36. What light source has the highest color temperature?
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Levels adjustment
stopped down
Very wide at about 180 degrees

37. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
Half as much light
256
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor

38. What kind of meter is built in to most cameras?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Reflected light meter
aperture diameter
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor

39. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Short lighting
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

40. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
1 or 2
Yellow
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment

41. What is focal length - technically?
Very wide at about 180 degrees
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light

42. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
One stop
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

43. What is an element and where is it found?
Selecting portions of the image based on color
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Fisheye

44. A tonal correction cannot be accomplished by using a...
5000K
Shutter-priority
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Front lighting

45. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
JPEG
sRGB
Aperture-Priority
256

46. This type of backup system is fault-tolerant because it creates redundant data.
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
RAID system
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta

47. What are luminance and illuminance?
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Soft proofing

48. Generally - how much exposure compensation (in stops) should be used when using a polarizing filter?
Because you can move in close to the subject
Levels adjustment
High Dynamic Range
1 1/3 stops

49. What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent?
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
White (255)
Blown highlights
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.

50. What is interpolated resolution?
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
emphasizes textures
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Zoom lens

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Certified Professional Photographer

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