Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
9
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Shutter speed & aperture
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

2. What determines what will be a 'normal' focal length lens on a particular camera?
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)

3. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
256
Black (0)
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
One stop less

4. This stores electronic images captured in a digital camera until they can be transferred to a computer.
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
3200 Kelvin
Bit
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

5. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Shutter-Priority
A mirror and pentaprism
Yellow

6. This kind of meter is preferred by photographers working in a studio situation where lighting conditions can be altered.
Incident light meter
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
emphasizes textures

7. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
Half as much light
Follow focus
1 or 2
Magenta

8. This viewing option gives you the most accurate version of your image in Photoshop.
Shutter speed & aperture
Actual Pixel view
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Because you can move in close to the subject

9. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
Add magenta
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Front lighting
It increases

10. In a curves adjustment layer - what does the shape of the curve indicate?
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Aperture
Contrast
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

11. What is burning?
Magenta
Add cyan
Cyan
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

12. When the subtractive primaries are added together equally - what is created?
Depth of field
Follow focus
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
A change in illumination

13. What angle of view does a reflected light meter read?
Aperture-Priority
All colors
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees

14. Printers use what set of colors?
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Levels adjustment
Add green

15. Cyan is composed of equal parts of what two colors?
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Cyan
Blue & Green

16. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
A mirror and pentaprism
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
The brightness of all the pixels in an image

17. What is the name of the technique used to make a monitor look like what you will see on your print?
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Soft proofing
No
Blue

18. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
Total number of pixels
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Half as much light
Front lighting

19. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
Zoom lens
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Glossy paper

20. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
9
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Cyan
The brightness of all the pixels in an image

21. Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements?
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Short lighting
Hue - Luminance - Saturation

22. Resolution refers to what?
sRGB
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Yellow

23. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

24. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
four times more
Dynamic range
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.

25. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
9
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
8 bits
A high contrast image

26. This type of backup system is fault-tolerant because it creates redundant data.
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
RAID system

27. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

28. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Short lighting.
Additive (R - G - B)

29. A lens with a very wide angle of view and produces barrel distortion is what kind of lens?
Short lighting
Fisheye
Lasso tool
A raster image

30. What does the term "stop" mean?
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
A change in illumination
8 bits
Small light source at an angle to the subject

31. What do TTL systems react to?
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Snoot
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Aperture and shutter

32. What does side lighting emphasize?
ISO
A change in illumination
emphasizes textures
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

33. What is a flag?
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast

34. What are the effects of top lighting?
Aperture-priority
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
A mirror and pentaprism
Incident light meter

35. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Very wide at about 180 degrees
International Organization for Standardization
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.

36. If an image is too green - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Aperture-priority
Add magenta
Snoot
Levels adjustment

37. What are the effects of high side lighting?
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.

38. What color is opposite Green on the color wheel?
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
sRGB
Magenta

39. What is gamut?
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Snoot

40. What is the usable exposure range - or range of subject brightness called?
The difference between light and dark.
Dynamic range
Aperture and shutter
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

41. A tonal correction cannot be accomplished by using a...
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Depth of field
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
hue/saturation adjustment layer

42. How is brightness and contrast best controlled in Photoshop?
Broad lighting
Levels adjustment
Follow focus
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment

43. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
Contrast
3:1 or 4:1
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
It increases

44. What is interpolated resolution?
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Zoom lens
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.

45. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Variations command
5 -000 Kelvin
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

46. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture.
Shutter-Priority
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
A RAW file that has been altered
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment

47. This light modifier can be used to highlight a specific area of the subject.
Bit
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Incident light meter
Snoot

48. A 1:1 lighting ratio produces what lighting result?
Flat lighting
Levels adjustment
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
A change in illumination

49. What is the effect of front lighting?
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
sensor
RAID system

50. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
Zoom lens
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
JPEG