Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the term used to describe human's change in perception of a color under different light sources?
Metamerism
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.

2. What would you use an ICC profile for?
1 1/3 stops
aperture diameter
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
High Dynamic Range

3. What is a BYTE?
5000K
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
5 -000 Kelvin

4. A color image with smooth gradiations requires at least what bit depth?
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Blown highlights

5. A lens with a very wide angle of view and produces barrel distortion is what kind of lens?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
ISO
Half as much light
Fisheye

6. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
1 or 2
four times more
Lasso tool
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.

7. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.

8. In a curves adjustment layer - what does the shape of the curve indicate?
Cyan
four times more
Add green
Contrast

9. What does the term "stop" mean?
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
A change in illumination
Black (0)
The sensor's sensitivity to light

10. Contrast measures what in a print?
The difference between light and dark.
lens-to-subject distance
Half as much light
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor

11. Printers use what set of colors?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
1/250th
Subtractive primaries (plus black)

12. What color is opposite Red on the color wheel?
Cyan
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Parallax

13. Can you save layers in a JPEG file format?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
No

14. A filter with a factor of 2 requires how many stops of compensation?

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15. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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16. What is a flag?
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

17. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
It increases
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
A change in illumination
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment

18. What two controls adjust the amount of light that reaches the sensor?
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
One stop
Aperture and shutter
flat - low contrast light

19. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
Front lighting
Blue & Green
The sensor's sensitivity to light
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.

20. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
Lower
1 1/3 stops
lens-to-subject distance
All colors

21. What does a neutral density filter do?
5000K
RAID system
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.

22. The area of acceptable sharpness in an image is called what?
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Depth of field

23. What angle of view does a reflected light meter read?
Add red
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
One stop
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees

24. What is interpolated resolution?
Aperture-Priority
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
All colors
Magenta

25. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed.
3:1 or 4:1
Aperture-Priority
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Hue - Luminance - Saturation

26. Panning does what?
Soft proofing
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

27. What is the effect of front lighting?
One stop
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Selecting portions of the image based on color
hue/saturation adjustment layer

28. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

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29. Name two ways you can increase depth of field (other than changing aperture).
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Dynamic range
Use and adjustment layer
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

30. An 8x10 at 240 dpi will have a resolution of what?
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Black (0)

31. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
High Dynamic Range
Because you can move in close to the subject
Short lighting

32. Instead of permanently altering your image when adjusting for color and value - what should you do?
Use and adjustment layer
Bit
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
It increases

33. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
Broad lighting
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Magenta
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

34. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
256
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Add yellow
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)

35. How would you define exposure in mathematical terms?
No
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
All colors
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

36. Bit depth refers to what?
Add cyan
Glossy paper
No
The amount of information contained in each pixel

37. What is gamut?
It increases
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Aperture-Priority
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.

38. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

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39. What kind of lighting pattern places the key light directly in front of and higher than the face?
No
Butterfly lighting
Soft proofing
Hue - Luminance - Saturation

40. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
Aperture
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Lasso tool
One stop less

41. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
International Organization for Standardization
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Follow focus

42. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
A mirror and pentaprism
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Dynamic range
5000K

43. Doubling the aperture setting creates how many stops difference in the amount of light reaching the sensor?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Front lighting
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
One stop

44. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
JPEG
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Incident light meter

45. The smallest unit of digital information is called a what?
lens-to-subject distance
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Fisheye
Bit

46. What kind of meter is built in to most cameras?
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Reflected light meter
Dynamic range
four times more

47. What determines what will be a 'normal' focal length lens on a particular camera?
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)

48. The image transmitted by the lens is recorded by the what?
sensor
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Depth of field
1 or 2

49. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
Add green
Because you can move in close to the subject
Shutter speed & aperture
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor

50. What is an element and where is it found?
Cyan
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Depth of field