Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Printers use what set of colors?
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Add green
Subtractive primaries (plus black)

2. What are the effects of top lighting?
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Contrast
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

3. A histogram with peaks on either end of the histogram and a deep valley in between represents what?
International Organization for Standardization
A RAW file that has been altered
A high contrast image
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment

4. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
1/250th
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.

5. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed - what mode are you working in?
Infrared
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Aperture-priority

6. If an image is too red - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Magenta
Add cyan
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Follow focus

7. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
Broad lighting
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
8 stops
Levels adjustment

8. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
A high contrast image
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
four times more
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees

9. What is a thyristor?
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
stopped down
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.

10. What are the effects of high side lighting?
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Contrast
256

11. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
Add green
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

12. Bit depth refers to what?
sensor
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)

13. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
sRGB
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Blue
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)

14. When the subtractive primaries are added together equally - what is created?
Soft proofing
White (255)
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

15. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
In the middle
Fair Use
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Half as much light

16. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
1/250th
Shutter-priority
8 bits
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors

17. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
It increases
Reciprocal relationship
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.

18. This viewing option gives you the most accurate version of your image in Photoshop.
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
A RAW file that has been altered
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Actual Pixel view

19. How is brightness and contrast best controlled in Photoshop?
Levels adjustment
Contrast
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

20. Can you save layers in a JPEG file format?
No
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Add cyan
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject

21. What is interpolated resolution?
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Reflected light meter

22. Panning does what?
Parallax
White (255)
1 or 2
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

23. A 1:1 lighting ratio produces what lighting result?
Flat lighting
It increases
1/250th
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.

24. What are IPTC fields used for?
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
ISO

25. This type of backup system is fault-tolerant because it creates redundant data.
RAID system
Add green
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

26. Tungsten is approximately what color temperature?
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
All colors
3200 Kelvin

27. If an image is too green - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add magenta
Metadata
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.

28. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Levels adjustment
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
9
Add yellow

29. Generally - traditional portraits use what lighting ratio?
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
3:1 or 4:1
The difference between light and dark.
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

30. An 8x10 at 240 dpi will have a resolution of what?
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Short lighting.
lens-to-subject distance
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

31. The smallest unit of digital information is called a what?
Metadata
8 stops
5000K
Bit

32. What is the best color profile for web images?
Half as much light
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
sRGB
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor

33. What two controls adjust the amount of light that reaches the sensor?
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Magenta
Aperture and shutter
One stop

34. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
3:1 or 4:1
Shutter speed & aperture
Add blue
Short lighting.

35. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Follow focus
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Infinity

36. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
Half as much light
One stop less
Metadata
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

37. What is burning?
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Add magenta
The amount of information contained in each pixel

38. Cyan is composed of equal parts of what two colors?
Blue & Green
Short lighting.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
All colors

39. What is the term used to describe human's change in perception of a color under different light sources?
Metamerism
In the middle
Because you can move in close to the subject
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.

40. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
Front lighting
Contrast
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
The difference between light and dark.

41. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Shutter-Priority

42. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

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43. Aperture controls what?
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Infinity
One stop

44. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
Fair Use
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Fisheye
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

45. In short lighting - where is the main light placed?
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Small light source at an angle to the subject
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).

46. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
A RAW file that has been altered
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.

47. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
1 or 2
Levels adjustment
Black (0)
9

48. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
A RAW file that has been altered
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree

49. What light source has the highest color temperature?
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
The impression human vision gives
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

50. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
A raster image
Snoot
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.