Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. The relative aperture is equal to the lens focal length divided by what?
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Add blue
aperture diameter


2. In short lighting - where is the main light placed?
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Reflected light meter
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Lower


3. What does "photomacrograph" or "macrophotograph" mean?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
8 bits
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
ISO


4. An 8x10 at 240 dpi will have a resolution of what?
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin


5. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
Short lighting.
Total number of pixels
Half as much light
Butterfly lighting


6. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed


7. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
Follow focus
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
four times more
Add magenta


8. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
sensor
Half as much light
Levels adjustment
Yellow


9. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Levels adjustment
Blue
Small light source at an angle to the subject


10. What color is between Magenta and Cyan on the color wheel?
Blue
256
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.


11. This kind of meter is preferred by photographers working in a studio situation where lighting conditions can be altered.
Blue
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Incident light meter
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees


12. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
Short lighting
256
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.


13. The image transmitted by the lens is recorded by the what?
sensor
Snoot
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image


14. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
Fair Use
9
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
A RAW file that has been altered


15. The area of acceptable sharpness in an image is called what?
Parallax
Incident light meter
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Depth of field


16. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
One stop less
Shutter speed & aperture
5000K
Lasso tool


17. What is the name of the technique used to make a monitor look like what you will see on your print?
Soft proofing
Black (0)
Variations command
3:1 or 4:1


18. What do TTL systems react to?
sRGB
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.


19. What is a BYTE?
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Blue
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.


20. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
Parallax
A new layer
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Because you can move in close to the subject


21. Printers use what set of colors?
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Lasso tool
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
Subtractive primaries (plus black)


22. In the 20th century - black & white photographers used the Zone system to tame excessive contrast. Now - digital photographers use what?
High Dynamic Range
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
1/250th
Infinity


23. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
5 -000 Kelvin
stopped down
3:1 or 4:1


24. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
Convex
Shutter speed & aperture
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
aperture diameter


25. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Add magenta
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Short lighting.


26. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Shutter-priority
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.


27. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
ISO
Zoom lens
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Subtractive primaries (plus black)


28. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
Add magenta
Fair Use
No
A high contrast image


29. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
Contrast
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
High Dynamic Range


30. Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements?
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
The impression human vision gives
Hue - Luminance - Saturation


31. The term to describe the combination of aperture and shutter speed that can be changed by moving them in opposite directions.
Reciprocal relationship
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
four times more
9


32. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
256


33. Cyan is composed of equal parts of what two colors?
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Blue & Green
Zoom lens


34. What is an element and where is it found?
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
flat - low contrast light
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree


35. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
Follow focus
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Levels adjustment


36. What image adjustment tool uses a histogram display to alter an image?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Levels adjustment
Hue - Luminance - Saturation


37. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
No


38. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?


39. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
Aperture
Infinity
Broad lighting
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed


40. What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent?
Blown highlights
Reciprocal relationship
White (255)
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.


41. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture.
Variations command
Aperture-priority
Shutter-Priority
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.


42. A histogram with peaks on either end of the histogram and a deep valley in between represents what?
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
A high contrast image
3200 Kelvin


43. What is the term used to describe a sensor's sensitivity to light?
ISO
The amount of information contained in each pixel
four times more
Aperture


44. All objects beyond the closest distance in focus will be sharp when this appears within the DOF scale.
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Infinity
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Short lighting


45. What angle should a polarizing filter be to the sun for best results?
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Contrast
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."


46. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Infinity
Zoom lens


47. How is brightness and contrast best controlled in Photoshop?
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Levels adjustment
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
More of the background and foreground are sharp.


48. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
JPEG
No
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Shutter speed & aperture


49. What does the term "stop" mean?
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
A change in illumination


50. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
5000K
5 -000 Kelvin
Variations command