Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

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2. What is the term used to describe human's change in perception of a color under different light sources?
Metamerism
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
256
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)

3. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
One stop
sRGB

4. Panning does what?
Soft proofing
Add yellow
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

5. Digital cameras use what set of primary colors?
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Additive (R - G - B)

6. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Incident light meter
Depth of field

7. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
Depth of field
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
A new layer

8. What is a derivative file?
In the middle
A RAW file that has been altered
Fair Use
Flat lighting

9. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
Metamerism
Butterfly lighting
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree

10. What is a color profile?
Black (0)
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).

11. Bit depth refers to what?
Yellow
ISO
The amount of information contained in each pixel
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

12. What kind of meter is built in to most cameras?
Add blue
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Reflected light meter
High Dynamic Range

13. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Reflected light meter
Aperture-Priority

14. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
9
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

15. If an image is too cyan - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
3:1 or 4:1
aperture diameter
Add red
3200 Kelvin

16. In a curves adjustment layer - what does the shape of the curve indicate?
Contrast
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
aperture diameter

17. What is interpolated resolution?
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Yellow
Additive (R - G - B)

18. What do TTL systems react to?
Butterfly lighting
Because you can move in close to the subject
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.

19. Contrast measures what in a print?
Add blue
The difference between light and dark.
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

20. What is burning?
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Shutter-priority
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

21. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
Fair Use
Actual Pixel view
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Levels adjustment

22. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
Short lighting
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Lower

23. Going clockwise around the color wheel - starting with RED - what is the progression of colors?
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Magenta
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

24. What light source has the highest color temperature?
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
5000K
Snoot
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast

25. What are the effects of top lighting?
Infrared
Levels adjustment
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Shutter-Priority

26. A lens with a very wide angle of view and produces barrel distortion is what kind of lens?
It increases
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Fisheye
Very wide at about 180 degrees

27. The term to describe the combination of aperture and shutter speed that can be changed by moving them in opposite directions.
Reciprocal relationship
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Variations command
Blue & Green

28. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
Very wide at about 180 degrees
All colors
One stop less
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.

29. As the aperture is stopped down - what happens to sharpness?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
aperture diameter
Short lighting

30. What is the effect of front lighting?
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Contrast
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Reciprocal relationship

31. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
Aperture-priority
Short lighting.
A mirror and pentaprism
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.

32. What are luminance and illuminance?
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
One stop less
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.

33. What is a thyristor?
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Variations command
All colors

34. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
Yellow
All colors
Total number of pixels
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).

35. What are the effects of high side lighting?
Butterfly lighting
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Very wide at about 180 degrees

36. What kind of lighting pattern places the key light directly in front of and higher than the face?
Butterfly lighting
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
3200 Kelvin
Flat lighting

37. What is the name of the technique used to make a monitor look like what you will see on your print?
One stop
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Glossy paper
Soft proofing

38. What Photoshop tool allows you to select an area of any size or shape by drawing freehand?
1 1/3 stops
Lasso tool
Lower
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.

39. What is the term used to describe a sensor's sensitivity to light?
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
ISO
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.

40. Photoshop's command for a simple way to start using color balance is what?
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Variations command
Reciprocal relationship
No

41. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
Fisheye
Additive (R - G - B)
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
8 bits

42. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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43. What is the usable exposure range - or range of subject brightness called?
Dynamic range
Soft proofing
Add magenta
Because you can move in close to the subject

44. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed.
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Magenta
Aperture-Priority

45. A 1:1 lighting ratio produces what lighting result?
9
Flat lighting
A RAW file that has been altered
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

46. This stores electronic images captured in a digital camera until they can be transferred to a computer.
Infrared
hue/saturation adjustment layer
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

47. What is a Bit?
Metadata
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
flat - low contrast light

48. Aperture controls what?
Shutter speed & aperture
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
5 -000 Kelvin
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

49. A technique used to maintain sharp focus on a subject that is moving toward you is called what?
No
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Follow focus

50. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Zoom lens
Front lighting