Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. A filter with a factor of 2 requires how many stops of compensation?

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2. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
Snoot
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
four times more
The impression human vision gives


3. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
A mirror and pentaprism


4. What is the name of the technique used to make a monitor look like what you will see on your print?
Soft proofing
Black (0)
Variations command
lens-to-subject distance


5. When the additive primaries are mixed together equally - what is created?
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.


6. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
Short lighting.
Variations command
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Front lighting


7. A tall vertical line on the right hand edge of a histogram indicates what?
Blown highlights
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
four times more


8. Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements?
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Reciprocal relationship
Aperture-priority
lens-to-subject distance


9. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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10. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
Lower
Fair Use
Follow focus
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures


11. What angle should a polarizing filter be to the sun for best results?
Flat lighting
Yellow
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Blue


12. When buying a lens hood - you should get it in what size relative to the lens?

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13. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
A raster image
Add magenta
Contrast


14. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture.
Short lighting
Shutter-Priority
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Cyan


15. What image adjustment tool uses a histogram display to alter an image?
Depth of field
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Levels adjustment
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).


16. What is the usable exposure range - or range of subject brightness called?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Dynamic range


17. What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject?
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
flat - low contrast light
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area


18. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Shutter speed & aperture
flat - low contrast light


19. What is dodging?
1/250th
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Add blue


20. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
Half as much light
Aperture-priority
Aperture
A high contrast image


21. Tungsten is approximately what color temperature?
Blue
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
3200 Kelvin


22. A histogram with peaks on either end of the histogram and a deep valley in between represents what?
Depth of field
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
A high contrast image


23. What is TTL?
Infinity
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Reflected light meter


24. A normal (or standard) focal length lens approximates what?
Half as much light
Metadata
The impression human vision gives
Glossy paper


25. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
Lasso tool
All colors
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
The brightness of all the pixels in an image


26. This stores electronic images captured in a digital camera until they can be transferred to a computer.
5 -000 Kelvin
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card


27. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
JPEG
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Because you can move in close to the subject


28. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
Magenta
9
sensor
Total number of pixels


29. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Blown highlights
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.


30. A histogram shows what in an image?
The impression human vision gives
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
3:1 or 4:1


31. What is a flag?
Fisheye
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Zoom lens
sRGB


32. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Metadata
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Total number of pixels


33. What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent?
White (255)
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Add red
hue/saturation adjustment layer


34. What does "photomacrograph" or "macrophotograph" mean?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
four times more
Flat lighting


35. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

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36. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.


37. Instead of permanently altering your image when adjusting for color and value - what should you do?
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Use and adjustment layer
Infinity


38. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
Actual Pixel view
Because you can move in close to the subject
256
A mirror and pentaprism


39. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

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40. Sharpness from near to far is controlled by what?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Aperture
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light


41. What Photoshop tool allows you to select an area of any size or shape by drawing freehand?
Lasso tool
Front lighting
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
The impression human vision gives


42. What is burning?
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
3:1 or 4:1
8 stops


43. Focal length controls what?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
lens-to-subject distance


44. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
5000K
Add green
Variations command
All colors


45. Daylight is approximately what color temperature?
Short lighting.
5 -000 Kelvin
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Contrast


46. Blue is opposite what color on the color wheel?
One stop less
Yellow
Depth of field
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.


47. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
One stop
A change in illumination
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Bit


48. An image made of pixels is sometimes called what?
A change in illumination
Shutter-Priority
A raster image
1/250th


49. An 8x10 at 240 dpi will have a resolution of what?
Short lighting.
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
lens-to-subject distance
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background


50. Generally - traditional portraits use what lighting ratio?
One stop
3:1 or 4:1
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Half as much light