Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What kind of meter is built in to most cameras?
Add blue
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Reflected light meter
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

2. Cyan is composed of equal parts of what two colors?
Blue & Green
In the middle
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
8 stops

3. A general purpose lens will provide an f-stop range of up to how many?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
8 stops
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Aperture-Priority

4. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
Metadata
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Use and adjustment layer
A mirror and pentaprism

5. The term to describe the combination of aperture and shutter speed that can be changed by moving them in opposite directions.
Snoot
Reciprocal relationship
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Follow focus

6. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
Parallax
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

7. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed.
A change in illumination
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
A RAW file that has been altered
Aperture-Priority

8. When buying a lens hood - you should get it in what size relative to the lens?

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9. What would you use an ICC profile for?
stopped down
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
flat - low contrast light
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.

10. What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent?
Metamerism
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
International Organization for Standardization
White (255)

11. In a curves adjustment layer - what does the shape of the curve indicate?
aperture diameter
Contrast
Incident light meter
High Dynamic Range

12. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
Yellow
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Shutter-priority
A change in illumination

13. If an image is too green - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Reciprocal relationship
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Add magenta

14. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add green
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
A change in illumination
High Dynamic Range

15. What is the inverse square law?
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Reflected light meter
256

16. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
Add red
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
It increases

17. A color image with smooth gradiations requires at least what bit depth?
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
RAID system
Shutter speed & aperture
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.

18. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

19. What color is opposite Green on the color wheel?
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Convex
Magenta

20. What is a Bit?
Aperture-Priority
A mirror and pentaprism
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.

21. Sharpness from near to far is controlled by what?
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Aperture
Flat lighting

22. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Zoom lens
Glossy paper

23. What is the best color profile for web images?
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Aperture-priority
sRGB
Follow focus

24. What is the effect of front lighting?
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Magenta
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Glossy paper

25. What does side lighting emphasize?
Butterfly lighting
Parallax
Small light source at an angle to the subject
emphasizes textures

26. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Parallax
Broad lighting

27. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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28. This type of backup system is fault-tolerant because it creates redundant data.
International Organization for Standardization
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
RAID system
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.

29. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Short lighting
9
hue/saturation adjustment layer

30. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Incident light meter
It increases
Follow focus

31. What is interpolated resolution?
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Aperture and shutter
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

32. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Fair Use

33. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
In the middle
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Actual Pixel view
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

34. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
One stop less
sRGB
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.

35. A technique used to maintain sharp focus on a subject that is moving toward you is called what?
Follow focus
Shutter-Priority
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.

36. What kind of lighting pattern places the key light directly in front of and higher than the face?
Metadata
Butterfly lighting
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
A high contrast image

37. An image made of pixels is sometimes called what?
A raster image
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

38. Instead of permanently altering your image when adjusting for color and value - what should you do?
Small light source at an angle to the subject
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Blown highlights
Use and adjustment layer

39. The relative aperture is equal to the lens focal length divided by what?
aperture diameter
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Blue & Green
1/250th

40. This viewing option gives you the most accurate version of your image in Photoshop.
Add green
Depth of field
Variations command
Actual Pixel view

41. All objects beyond the closest distance in focus will be sharp when this appears within the DOF scale.
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Infinity
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Blue & Green

42. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Magenta
Follow focus
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.

43. To emphasize texture in a portrait - what kind of light source is recommended?
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Snoot
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Short lighting

44. Daylight is approximately what color temperature?
5 -000 Kelvin
A change in illumination
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Shutter-priority

45. Bit depth refers to what?
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Broad lighting
Contrast
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.

46. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
Very wide at about 180 degrees
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
In the middle

47. What does the term "stop" mean?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Actual Pixel view
A change in illumination
Parallax

48. What is the name of the issue that prevents you from seeing exactly what the lens sees when using a rangefinder camera?
Parallax
Actual Pixel view
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Levels adjustment

49. When the size of the aperture is decreased - it is said to be what?
Contrast
stopped down
Because you can move in close to the subject
The impression human vision gives

50. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
Additive (R - G - B)
Black (0)
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)