Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What image adjustment tool uses a histogram display to alter an image?
International Organization for Standardization
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Levels adjustment
Because you can move in close to the subject

2. A lens with a very wide angle of view and produces barrel distortion is what kind of lens?
Fisheye
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Parallax

3. If an image is too yellow - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
stopped down
Add blue
In the middle
Aperture-Priority

4. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
Front lighting
Yellow
In the middle
four times more

5. When buying a lens hood - you should get it in what size relative to the lens?

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6. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

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7. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
Shutter speed & aperture
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Half as much light
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)

8. What is TTL?
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Small light source at an angle to the subject
In the middle

9. Can you save layers in a JPEG file format?
No
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
1 or 2
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

10. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Add yellow
No

11. Perspective is affected by what?
Short lighting.
lens-to-subject distance
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

12. What light source has the highest color temperature?
Blown highlights
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Aperture and shutter
Broad lighting

13. Generally - how much exposure compensation (in stops) should be used when using a polarizing filter?
1 1/3 stops
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Contrast

14. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Use and adjustment layer
Metamerism
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

15. A tonal correction cannot be accomplished by using a...
Follow focus
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Soft proofing
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image

16. What kind of lighting pattern places the key light directly in front of and higher than the face?
Variations command
Shutter-priority
1 or 2
Butterfly lighting

17. Instead of permanently altering your image when adjusting for color and value - what should you do?
Use and adjustment layer
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Follow focus
Add red

18. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
four times more
stopped down
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Depth of field

19. A normal (or standard) focal length lens approximates what?
A RAW file that has been altered
The impression human vision gives
Add cyan
Add green

20. What two controls adjust the amount of light that reaches the sensor?
Aperture and shutter
Depth of field
3:1 or 4:1
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.

21. If an image is too red - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add cyan
Shutter-Priority
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."

22. What kind of meter is built in to most cameras?
A raster image
Shutter-priority
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Reflected light meter

23. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
8 bits
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Half as much light
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)

24. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
ISO
Fair Use
Add yellow
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.

25. A general purpose lens will provide an f-stop range of up to how many?
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
stopped down
8 stops
Small light source at an angle to the subject

26. What does a neutral density filter do?
JPEG
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
The impression human vision gives
One stop less

27. What is the inverse square law?
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Blown highlights
Metadata

28. What do TTL systems react to?
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

29. What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent?
White (255)
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Black (0)
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.

30. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
All colors
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Yellow

31. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
Yellow
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

32. What are the effects of high side lighting?
Depth of field
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
8 bits
stopped down

33. What color is opposite Green on the color wheel?
Butterfly lighting
Magenta
Additive (R - G - B)
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

34. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
3200 Kelvin
Blue & Green
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.

35. Going clockwise around the color wheel - starting with RED - what is the progression of colors?
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Actual Pixel view
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta

36. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
Use and adjustment layer
Yellow
3:1 or 4:1
Metamerism

37. What is the best color profile for web images?
Add cyan
sRGB
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

38. The relative aperture is equal to the lens focal length divided by what?
aperture diameter
Front lighting
Contrast
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)

39. Tungsten is approximately what color temperature?
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
3200 Kelvin
Add cyan
Levels adjustment

40. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
Zoom lens
Aperture-Priority
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
The sensor's sensitivity to light

41. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
Soft proofing
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Half as much light
Aperture

42. Panning does what?
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
hue/saturation adjustment layer
The impression human vision gives

43. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture.
Shutter-Priority
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view

44. Generally - traditional portraits use what lighting ratio?
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Lasso tool
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
3:1 or 4:1

45. What is focal length - technically?
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Half as much light
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast

46. What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject?
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Add green
flat - low contrast light
Selecting portions of the image based on color

47. Contrast measures what in a print?
The difference between light and dark.
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Add green
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.

48. What is interpolated resolution?
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
1/250th
Soft proofing
A RAW file that has been altered

49. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Shutter speed & aperture
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

50. What is the term used to describe human's change in perception of a color under different light sources?
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Metamerism
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.