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Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. A general purpose lens will provide an f-stop range of up to how many?
A RAW file that has been altered
Actual Pixel view
Levels adjustment
8 stops

2. In the 20th century - black & white photographers used the Zone system to tame excessive contrast. Now - digital photographers use what?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
High Dynamic Range
Aperture

3. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
In the middle
Lower
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Zoom lens

4. If an image is too red - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add cyan
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.

5. What is a color profile?
Convex
Add yellow
International Organization for Standardization
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).

6. Sharpness from near to far is controlled by what?
Add red
Parallax
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Aperture

7. Printers use what set of colors?
Blue
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Aperture and shutter
Shutter-priority

8. The area of acceptable sharpness in an image is called what?
Depth of field
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
sensor
5 -000 Kelvin

9. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
One stop
Yellow
Follow focus
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view

10. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
Magenta
Soft proofing
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
5000K

11. An 8x10 at 240 dpi will have a resolution of what?
Black (0)
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Flat lighting

12. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
Total number of pixels
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
5 -000 Kelvin

13. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
Parallax
Levels adjustment
Zoom lens
A mirror and pentaprism

14. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
JPEG
One stop

15. Bit depth refers to what?
The amount of information contained in each pixel
5 -000 Kelvin
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Shutter-priority

16. How is brightness and contrast best controlled in Photoshop?
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Levels adjustment
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

17. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
Add yellow
Short lighting
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Small light source at an angle to the subject

18. A technique used to maintain sharp focus on a subject that is moving toward you is called what?
The sensor's sensitivity to light
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Depth of field
Follow focus

19. Perspective is affected by what?
lens-to-subject distance
Yellow
Dynamic range
Contrast

20. What is a BYTE?
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Zoom lens

21. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Blue
Add yellow

22. If an image is too yellow - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add blue
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Aperture-priority
Reflected light meter

23. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
1 or 2
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Lower

24. Digital cameras use what set of primary colors?
Blue & Green
ISO
Additive (R - G - B)
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

25. What image adjustment tool uses a histogram display to alter an image?
Levels adjustment
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

26. What is focal length - technically?
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Convex
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.

27. What is the suggested shutter speed to stop action of a child running parallel to the film plan - about 25 feet from the camera?
256
1/250th
Incident light meter
The amount of information contained in each pixel

28. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
The impression human vision gives
Soft proofing
Add cyan
Metadata

29. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
Broad lighting
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Magenta
All colors

30. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Parallax
ISO
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

31. What are IPTC fields used for?
Levels adjustment
256
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

32. What is the name of the technique used to make a monitor look like what you will see on your print?
Metadata
Soft proofing
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject

33. What does ISO stand for?
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
International Organization for Standardization
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Add magenta

34. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
A new layer
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject

35. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
stopped down
Lasso tool
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

36. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
four times more
Front lighting

37. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Short lighting.
Yellow
aperture diameter

38. When buying a lens hood - you should get it in what size relative to the lens?

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39. Tungsten is approximately what color temperature?
High Dynamic Range
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
3200 Kelvin
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)

40. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Add yellow
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.

41. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
lens-to-subject distance
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Shutter-Priority
Short lighting

42. What does a neutral density filter do?
No
1 or 2
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

43. How would you define exposure in mathematical terms?
Infinity
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
A raster image
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."

44. What does the term "stop" mean?
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
A change in illumination
High Dynamic Range
Short lighting

45. What is burning?
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Total number of pixels
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

46. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
JPEG
Add green
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Very wide at about 180 degrees

47. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Zoom lens
Convex
stopped down

48. The useable exposure range of a sensor - or the range of subject brightness is called what?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Magenta
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.

49. In short lighting - where is the main light placed?
Levels adjustment
Infinity
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Because you can move in close to the subject

50. If an image is too cyan - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
sRGB
Shutter-priority
Levels adjustment
Add red

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