Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Aperture-Priority
Shutter speed & aperture
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view

2. What are the effects of top lighting?
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Add cyan
A high contrast image
sRGB

3. The useable exposure range of a sensor - or the range of subject brightness is called what?
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

4. In a curves adjustment layer - what does the shape of the curve indicate?
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
1/250th
Contrast
256

5. Contrast measures what in a print?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
The difference between light and dark.

6. What does the term "stop" mean?
A change in illumination
Cyan
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
four times more

7. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
In the middle

8. What angle should a polarizing filter be to the sun for best results?
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

9. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
Shutter speed & aperture
It increases
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.

10. Can you save layers in a JPEG file format?
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
A raster image
Selecting portions of the image based on color
No

11. What color is opposite Green on the color wheel?
Levels adjustment
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Magenta

12. What is dodging?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

13. The amount of motion blur in an image will increase if you do what?
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Bit
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

14. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
The amount of information contained in each pixel
9
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Levels adjustment

15. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Zoom lens

16. If an image is too green - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Add magenta
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)

17. What is the effect of front lighting?
Infinity
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

18. Photoshop's command for a simple way to start using color balance is what?
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Variations command
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
It increases

19. A tonal correction cannot be accomplished by using a...
hue/saturation adjustment layer
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
sensor

20. Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements?
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view

21. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
1 or 2
Add yellow
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)

22. A normal (or standard) focal length lens approximates what?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
3:1 or 4:1
Parallax
The impression human vision gives

23. What determines what will be a 'normal' focal length lens on a particular camera?
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)

24. What is a derivative file?
1/250th
A RAW file that has been altered
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment

25. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture.
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
Shutter-Priority
Blue & Green
Broad lighting

26. The smallest unit of digital information is called a what?
3200 Kelvin
Bit
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

27. What two controls adjust the amount of light that reaches the sensor?
Depth of field
Aperture and shutter
Parallax
The impression human vision gives

28. Focal length controls what?
8 bits
3200 Kelvin
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Soft proofing

29. What do TTL systems react to?
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Contrast
Lasso tool
The brightness of all the pixels in an image

30. All objects beyond the closest distance in focus will be sharp when this appears within the DOF scale.
Infinity
Lower
1 or 2
Black (0)

31. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject

32. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
Add magenta
Bit
Fisheye
1 or 2

33. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Levels adjustment

34. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

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35. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.

36. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Metadata
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Short lighting

37. What angle of view does a reflected light meter read?
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Convex
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Depth of field

38. What does side lighting emphasize?
Add green
emphasizes textures
Selecting portions of the image based on color
lens-to-subject distance

39. Blue is opposite what color on the color wheel?
High Dynamic Range
Yellow
International Organization for Standardization
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees

40. This light modifier can be used to highlight a specific area of the subject.
Snoot
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
JPEG

41. If an image is too yellow - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Selecting portions of the image based on color
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Add blue

42. Generally - how much exposure compensation (in stops) should be used when using a polarizing filter?
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Total number of pixels
1 1/3 stops
Fair Use

43. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Flat lighting
Add green
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
A high contrast image

44. What kind of lighting pattern places the key light directly in front of and higher than the face?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Front lighting
Butterfly lighting
Fair Use

45. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
All colors
Shutter-priority
A mirror and pentaprism
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

46. What light source has the highest color temperature?
The sensor's sensitivity to light
emphasizes textures
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Depth of field

47. The relative aperture is equal to the lens focal length divided by what?
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Aperture-priority
aperture diameter
High Dynamic Range

48. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
Fair Use
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.

49. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
A mirror and pentaprism
Aperture
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject

50. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
Variations command
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
In the middle
Very wide at about 180 degrees