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Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
four times more
Lasso tool
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Shutter-priority

2. In a digital image - the images file sizes corresponds to the total number of what in the image?
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
stopped down
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Total number of pixels

3. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed - what mode are you working in?
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Bit
Aperture-priority

4. What is the effect of front lighting?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
The amount of information contained in each pixel

5. Perspective is affected by what?
Levels adjustment
lens-to-subject distance
Short lighting
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

6. A technique used to maintain sharp focus on a subject that is moving toward you is called what?
Small light source at an angle to the subject
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Convex
Follow focus

7. A tonal correction cannot be accomplished by using a...
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Lasso tool
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

8. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
Magenta
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
1 1/3 stops
Short lighting

9. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
Parallax
Lower
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.

10. What two controls adjust the amount of light that reaches the sensor?
1/250th
Aperture and shutter
Blue
Add magenta

11. This kind of meter is preferred by photographers working in a studio situation where lighting conditions can be altered.
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Incident light meter
four times more

12. How is brightness and contrast best controlled in Photoshop?
Actual Pixel view
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Levels adjustment
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

13. What is the term used to describe human's change in perception of a color under different light sources?
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Total number of pixels
3:1 or 4:1
Metamerism

14. How would you define exposure in mathematical terms?
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Butterfly lighting
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
256

15. All objects beyond the closest distance in focus will be sharp when this appears within the DOF scale.
Infinity
Bit
Flat lighting
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

16. Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements?
four times more
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Hue - Luminance - Saturation

17. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
The difference between light and dark.

18. What is the best color profile for web images?
Lasso tool
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
sRGB
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.

19. What is a derivative file?
A RAW file that has been altered
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Yellow
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.

20. What are the effects of top lighting?
The amount of information contained in each pixel
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

21. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
A high contrast image
Yellow
Infrared
Metadata

22. What is the name of the technique used to make a monitor look like what you will see on your print?
Soft proofing
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

23. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
Parallax
1/250th
The amount of information contained in each pixel
In the middle

24. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
A RAW file that has been altered
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
9

25. A general purpose lens will provide an f-stop range of up to how many?
It increases
8 stops
Aperture-Priority
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment

26. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
lens-to-subject distance
Variations command
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

27. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
Front lighting
Aperture
5 -000 Kelvin
Lasso tool

28. What does "photomacrograph" or "macrophotograph" mean?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Bit

29. What is the inverse square law?
Yellow
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
A RAW file that has been altered
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

30. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Because you can move in close to the subject
Add green
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

31. Can you save layers in a JPEG file format?
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
flat - low contrast light
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
No

32. What determines what will be a 'normal' focal length lens on a particular camera?
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

33. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
A RAW file that has been altered
Infinity

34. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
Half as much light
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Fair Use
Yellow

35. What color is opposite Green on the color wheel?
The impression human vision gives
One stop
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Magenta

36. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
sRGB
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Add yellow

37. What is interpolated resolution?
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Lower

38. What would you use an ICC profile for?
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Variations command
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.

39. This light modifier can be used to highlight a specific area of the subject.
Fisheye
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
RAID system
Snoot

40. Cyan is composed of equal parts of what two colors?
1 or 2
Blue & Green
Cyan
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor

41. The smallest unit of digital information is called a what?
Bit
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
All colors

42. A tall vertical line on the right hand edge of a histogram indicates what?
Blown highlights
Black (0)
A RAW file that has been altered
Use and adjustment layer

43. What does the term "stop" mean?
A change in illumination
JPEG
Because you can move in close to the subject
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.

44. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Lasso tool
All colors
Black (0)

45. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
A mirror and pentaprism
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Fair Use
Half as much light

46. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
A new layer
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
sensor
Parallax

47. Panning does what?
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Levels adjustment
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

48. If an image is too red - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
256
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Shutter speed & aperture
Add cyan

49. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
1 1/3 stops
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Lower
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color

50. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
JPEG
Black (0)
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.

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