Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed - what mode are you working in?
5000K
Aperture-priority
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Blown highlights

2. The relative aperture is equal to the lens focal length divided by what?
Shutter-Priority
White (255)
aperture diameter
Short lighting

3. The term to describe the combination of aperture and shutter speed that can be changed by moving them in opposite directions.
Infrared
Reciprocal relationship
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

4. What is the term used to describe human's change in perception of a color under different light sources?
Snoot
Glossy paper
Follow focus
Metamerism

5. What is focal length - technically?
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Small light source at an angle to the subject
ISO
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.

6. Resolution refers to what?
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Black (0)
Fair Use

7. What does side lighting emphasize?
Because you can move in close to the subject
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
emphasizes textures
Bit

8. What two controls adjust the amount of light that reaches the sensor?
Very wide at about 180 degrees
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Aperture and shutter

9. The area of acceptable sharpness in an image is called what?
Shutter speed & aperture
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Depth of field
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.

10. What does ISO stand for?
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Half as much light
International Organization for Standardization
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.

11. The amount of motion blur in an image will increase if you do what?
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Use and adjustment layer
JPEG
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

12. Sharpness from near to far is controlled by what?
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Aperture
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Selecting portions of the image based on color

13. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
The sensor's sensitivity to light
1/250th

14. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed.
Aperture-Priority
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
It increases
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

15. All objects beyond the closest distance in focus will be sharp when this appears within the DOF scale.
Levels adjustment
Infinity
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

16. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
High Dynamic Range
Short lighting
Blue & Green
256

17. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
Metadata
A raster image
All colors
Add blue

18. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
Shutter-priority
White (255)
Aperture and shutter
Because you can move in close to the subject

19. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
Half as much light
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Fair Use
Short lighting.

20. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
JPEG
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.

21. What is the best color profile for web images?
sRGB
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Additive (R - G - B)

22. What is a color profile?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Convex
Butterfly lighting
The amount of information contained in each pixel

23. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
four times more
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Total number of pixels
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

24. The image transmitted by the lens is recorded by the what?
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
sensor
JPEG
256

25. What is interpolated resolution?
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
ISO
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

26. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture.
One stop
Yellow
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Shutter-Priority

27. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
Yellow
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Very wide at about 180 degrees

28. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Add magenta
Yellow
Zoom lens

29. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

30. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Fair Use
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Blown highlights

31. A technique used to maintain sharp focus on a subject that is moving toward you is called what?
Because you can move in close to the subject
Follow focus
Reflected light meter
Flat lighting

32. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
A mirror and pentaprism
Add cyan
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Aperture and shutter

33. What color is opposite Red on the color wheel?
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Cyan
White (255)

34. Going clockwise around the color wheel - starting with RED - what is the progression of colors?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.

35. What Photoshop tool allows you to select an area of any size or shape by drawing freehand?
Lasso tool
Yellow
One stop less
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).

36. What does the term "stop" mean?
9
A new layer
A change in illumination
1 1/3 stops

37. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light

38. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
A mirror and pentaprism
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
One stop less

39. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
9
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
A raster image
Aperture and shutter

40. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
hue/saturation adjustment layer
5000K
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)

41. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
No
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
The difference between light and dark.
Aperture-Priority

42. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very dark scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Front lighting
Blue
flat - low contrast light

43. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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44. What does a neutral density filter do?
8 stops
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
hue/saturation adjustment layer

45. What is a BYTE?
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)

46. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Add green
It increases

47. Photoshop's command for a simple way to start using color balance is what?
Variations command
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Bit
Short lighting.

48. A general purpose lens will provide an f-stop range of up to how many?
Add cyan
8 stops
Levels adjustment
International Organization for Standardization

49. What is TTL?
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

50. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
Total number of pixels
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Yellow