Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Can you save layers in a JPEG file format?
Metamerism
No
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
The brightness of all the pixels in an image

2. What do TTL systems react to?
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
In the middle
One stop
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.

3. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
White (255)
Snoot
8 bits
Add yellow

4. What does the term "stop" mean?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
A change in illumination
Aperture-priority

5. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
Yellow
Shutter speed & aperture
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Aperture

6. Cyan is composed of equal parts of what two colors?
RAID system
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Blue & Green

7. What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent?
White (255)
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
ISO

8. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
sRGB
Zoom lens
hue/saturation adjustment layer
8 bits

9. What is the usable exposure range - or range of subject brightness called?
Dynamic range
Parallax
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

10. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
JPEG
flat - low contrast light
Hue - Luminance - Saturation

11. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
Front lighting
3200 Kelvin
The sensor's sensitivity to light
1 1/3 stops

12. The image transmitted by the lens is recorded by the what?
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
sensor
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

13. What is the term used to describe human's change in perception of a color under different light sources?
Short lighting.
Soft proofing
Metamerism
Fair Use

14. Perspective is affected by what?
Aperture-Priority
Aperture and shutter
Bit
lens-to-subject distance

15. Panning does what?
Follow focus
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
3200 Kelvin
Parallax

16. What is a flag?
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Butterfly lighting
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

17. What is the inverse square law?
Because you can move in close to the subject
Add green
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.

18. What is a BYTE?
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Shutter-priority

19. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
Follow focus
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
One stop less

20. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject

21. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
Butterfly lighting
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
ISO
Use and adjustment layer

22. Generally - traditional portraits use what lighting ratio?
JPEG
A RAW file that has been altered
aperture diameter
3:1 or 4:1

23. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
1 1/3 stops
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
It increases

24. Blue is opposite what color on the color wheel?
lens-to-subject distance
Blue
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Yellow

25. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Front lighting
Add green
International Organization for Standardization

26. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
flat - low contrast light
9
5000K

27. Daylight is approximately what color temperature?
Small light source at an angle to the subject
5 -000 Kelvin
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.

28. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Reciprocal relationship
Front lighting
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.

29. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
A mirror and pentaprism
Add red
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.

30. What does a neutral density filter do?
Fisheye
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

31. This type of backup system is fault-tolerant because it creates redundant data.
Aperture and shutter
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
A raster image
RAID system

32. What is gamut?
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
A new layer
Lasso tool
Aperture and shutter

33. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
Fair Use
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Add green
Contrast

34. What does side lighting emphasize?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
emphasizes textures
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

35. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
JPEG
Fair Use
ISO
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

36. What angle of view does a reflected light meter read?
Zoom lens
Add magenta
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Cyan

37. Printers use what set of colors?
5000K
International Organization for Standardization
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Flat lighting

38. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Shutter-Priority

39. Instead of permanently altering your image when adjusting for color and value - what should you do?
Use and adjustment layer
The difference between light and dark.
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta

40. Resolution refers to what?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
JPEG
The impression human vision gives

41. If an image is too yellow - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Blue & Green
Short lighting
International Organization for Standardization
Add blue

42. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
Levels adjustment
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Magenta
Broad lighting

43. What kind of meter is built in to most cameras?
Use and adjustment layer
Reflected light meter
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Add cyan

44. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
JPEG
1 or 2
Blue & Green
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.

45. What does ISO stand for?
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
International Organization for Standardization
Snoot
Add green

46. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Add red
Convex
Infinity

47. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
In the middle
Add green
Soft proofing
Metadata

48. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
8 bits
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Black (0)
Because you can move in close to the subject

49. When the additive primaries are mixed together equally - what is created?
lens-to-subject distance
Shutter speed & aperture
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
The sensor's sensitivity to light

50. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
Blown highlights
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
All colors
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.