Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
flat - low contrast light
aperture diameter
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Fair Use

2. When the subtractive primaries are added together equally - what is created?
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
All colors

3. Generally - how much exposure compensation (in stops) should be used when using a polarizing filter?
1 or 2
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Aperture-priority
1 1/3 stops

4. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Infinity
Yellow
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

5. Cyan is composed of equal parts of what two colors?
Additive (R - G - B)
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Add blue
Blue & Green

6. As the aperture is stopped down - what happens to sharpness?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Incident light meter
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment

7. What does side lighting emphasize?
Soft proofing
Front lighting
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
emphasizes textures

8. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
Follow focus
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Add yellow
A new layer

9. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Aperture and shutter
RAID system

10. What is the usable exposure range - or range of subject brightness called?
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Dynamic range
8 bits
One stop less

11. What angle should a polarizing filter be to the sun for best results?
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Metamerism
Aperture
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

12. What are the effects of high side lighting?
JPEG
A high contrast image
Contrast
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.

13. This stores electronic images captured in a digital camera until they can be transferred to a computer.
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
One stop
Use and adjustment layer
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

14. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
Blue
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.

15. What does a neutral density filter do?
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Levels adjustment

16. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
Convex
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
1 or 2

17. When buying a lens hood - you should get it in what size relative to the lens?

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18. What light source has the highest color temperature?
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Shutter-Priority
Snoot

19. In a digital image - the images file sizes corresponds to the total number of what in the image?
Total number of pixels
High Dynamic Range
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
A mirror and pentaprism

20. Instead of permanently altering your image when adjusting for color and value - what should you do?
Additive (R - G - B)
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Use and adjustment layer

21. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very dark scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
aperture diameter
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)

22. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
four times more
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Aperture-priority
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

23. What are luminance and illuminance?
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Flat lighting
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

24. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
Metadata
Bit
International Organization for Standardization
Shutter speed & aperture

25. If an image is too red - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Blue & Green
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Add cyan
Depth of field

26. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture.
Add cyan
Shutter-Priority
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Broad lighting

27. Bit depth refers to what?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
One stop less
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Variations command

28. Can you save layers in a JPEG file format?
The difference between light and dark.
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
No
Variations command

29. What is the suggested shutter speed to stop action of a child running parallel to the film plan - about 25 feet from the camera?
Glossy paper
JPEG
Additive (R - G - B)
1/250th

30. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
JPEG
Add yellow
Yellow
Infrared

31. What determines what will be a 'normal' focal length lens on a particular camera?
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Follow focus
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

32. What is interpolated resolution?
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

33. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
The amount of information contained in each pixel
sRGB
Metadata
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.

34. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
8 bits
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Add red

35. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
Shutter-priority
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Metadata
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

36. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
8 bits
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)

37. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

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38. What kind of film can help reduce haze in a landscape?
sRGB
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Infrared
ISO

39. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
A mirror and pentaprism
Zoom lens
Infrared
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.

40. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Aperture-Priority
Broad lighting
Add magenta

41. If an image is too green - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
stopped down
Add magenta
JPEG
A new layer

42. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
Add blue
Fair Use
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Variations command

43. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
1 or 2
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

44. A tonal correction cannot be accomplished by using a...
Zoom lens
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Use and adjustment layer
hue/saturation adjustment layer

45. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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46. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
Levels adjustment
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.

47. A normal (or standard) focal length lens approximates what?
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Variations command
Butterfly lighting
The impression human vision gives

48. Going clockwise around the color wheel - starting with RED - what is the progression of colors?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Infrared
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment

49. What is dodging?
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Incident light meter
four times more

50. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
Parallax
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color