Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the suggested shutter speed to stop action of a child running parallel to the film plan - about 25 feet from the camera?
Aperture
Depth of field
1/250th
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

2. What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent?
White (255)
Aperture
Magenta
Cyan

3. To emphasize texture in a portrait - what kind of light source is recommended?
Very wide at about 180 degrees
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Aperture

4. A color image with smooth gradiations requires at least what bit depth?
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Reflected light meter
stopped down
Flat lighting

5. What are the effects of high side lighting?
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Very wide at about 180 degrees
The sensor's sensitivity to light

6. What is focal length - technically?
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
8 stops
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast

7. In the 20th century - black & white photographers used the Zone system to tame excessive contrast. Now - digital photographers use what?
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
High Dynamic Range
Short lighting.

8. What is the term used to describe a sensor's sensitivity to light?
The impression human vision gives
Cyan
ISO
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

9. What is the name of the issue that prevents you from seeing exactly what the lens sees when using a rangefinder camera?
Bit
Aperture-Priority
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Parallax

10. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
Yellow
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Shutter-priority
flat - low contrast light

11. Name two ways you can increase depth of field (other than changing aperture).
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
JPEG
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
A new layer

12. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
White (255)
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Front lighting
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

13. What does ISO stand for?
International Organization for Standardization
sensor
A high contrast image
Add red

14. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
A high contrast image
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)

15. What color is between Magenta and Cyan on the color wheel?
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Half as much light
Blue

16. What color is opposite Red on the color wheel?
Because you can move in close to the subject
Cyan
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
256

17. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
Add blue
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Reflected light meter
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

18. What angle should a polarizing filter be to the sun for best results?
Metamerism
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.

19. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
A new layer
Yellow

20. This stores electronic images captured in a digital camera until they can be transferred to a computer.
Levels adjustment
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Add blue
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

21. Cyan is composed of equal parts of what two colors?
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Blue & Green
Broad lighting
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors

22. What is a derivative file?
sensor
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
A RAW file that has been altered
aperture diameter

23. In short lighting - where is the main light placed?
In the middle
Levels adjustment
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
3200 Kelvin

24. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add yellow
Fair Use
Dynamic range
The amount of information contained in each pixel

25. What would you use an ICC profile for?
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Lower
A mirror and pentaprism
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.

26. Resolution refers to what?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Use and adjustment layer

27. What is interpolated resolution?
Infrared
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

28. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
Add blue
Blown highlights
Convex
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)

29. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
Metadata
Add blue
JPEG
Metamerism

30. Tungsten is approximately what color temperature?
Soft proofing
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
3200 Kelvin

31. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
Metadata
Magenta
Aperture-priority
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.

32. Panning does what?
Infinity
Bit
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

33. What does the term "stop" mean?
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
No
3200 Kelvin
A change in illumination

34. What kind of meter is built in to most cameras?
Reflected light meter
5000K
A new layer
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

35. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
5 -000 Kelvin
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Black (0)

36. What is TTL?
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Metamerism

37. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed.
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Aperture-Priority

38. A histogram with peaks on either end of the histogram and a deep valley in between represents what?
Fair Use
Add cyan
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
A high contrast image

39. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
Yellow
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

40. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture - what mode are you working in?
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Shutter-priority
Parallax

41. In a digital image - the images file sizes corresponds to the total number of what in the image?
Total number of pixels
Front lighting
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

42. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

43. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

44. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Actual Pixel view
All colors
Convex

45. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
The impression human vision gives
Depth of field
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.

46. Instead of permanently altering your image when adjusting for color and value - what should you do?
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Blue
Use and adjustment layer
Cyan

47. The image transmitted by the lens is recorded by the what?
Add cyan
sensor
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor

48. What is an element and where is it found?
Half as much light
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Butterfly lighting
Add yellow

49. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
Because you can move in close to the subject
The impression human vision gives
Follow focus
Broad lighting

50. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
The difference between light and dark.
256
Infrared
High Dynamic Range