Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What kind of lighting pattern places the key light directly in front of and higher than the face?
Infinity
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Butterfly lighting

2. What is the usable exposure range - or range of subject brightness called?
A change in illumination
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Dynamic range
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

3. Digital cameras use what set of primary colors?
Additive (R - G - B)
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta

4. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
Shutter-Priority
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

5. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
Short lighting
High Dynamic Range
Lower
Levels adjustment

6. What is the name of the technique used to make a monitor look like what you will see on your print?
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
A mirror and pentaprism
Soft proofing
Infrared

7. What are the effects of top lighting?
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
In the middle
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
The amount of information contained in each pixel

8. What is gamut?
A RAW file that has been altered
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Levels adjustment
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.

9. What does the term "stop" mean?
Infrared
A change in illumination
Fisheye
Half as much light

10. What kind of meter is built in to most cameras?
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Because you can move in close to the subject
One stop less
Reflected light meter

11. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
Add green
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
In the middle
Metadata

12. A magic wand tool is used for what?
High Dynamic Range
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Cyan
Levels adjustment

13. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Broad lighting
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image

14. All objects beyond the closest distance in focus will be sharp when this appears within the DOF scale.
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
9
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Infinity

15. What are the effects of high side lighting?
Follow focus
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.

16. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
It increases
3200 Kelvin
Shutter-priority
One stop less

17. When buying a lens hood - you should get it in what size relative to the lens?

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18. What Photoshop tool allows you to select an area of any size or shape by drawing freehand?
Incident light meter
Use and adjustment layer
Lasso tool
Glossy paper

19. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
Blue
1 or 2
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
stopped down

20. Daylight is approximately what color temperature?
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
The amount of information contained in each pixel
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
5 -000 Kelvin

21. In a curves adjustment layer - what does the shape of the curve indicate?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Contrast
flat - low contrast light
Small light source at an angle to the subject

22. A tall vertical line on the right hand edge of a histogram indicates what?
Snoot
Blown highlights
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Aperture-Priority

23. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
5 -000 Kelvin
Aperture-priority

24. As the aperture is stopped down - what happens to sharpness?
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Front lighting
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Variations command

25. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
lens-to-subject distance
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Half as much light
ISO

26. This viewing option gives you the most accurate version of your image in Photoshop.
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Shutter speed & aperture
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Actual Pixel view

27. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
3:1 or 4:1
3200 Kelvin

28. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
Zoom lens
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Add red
Total number of pixels

29. What light source has the highest color temperature?
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
1 1/3 stops

30. Printers use what set of colors?
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Contrast
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
High Dynamic Range

31. What are luminance and illuminance?
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Metadata
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view

32. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
One stop
Add green
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
The sensor's sensitivity to light

33. A general purpose lens will provide an f-stop range of up to how many?
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
A mirror and pentaprism
8 stops
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

34. Panning does what?
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Variations command
It increases
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

35. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
Butterfly lighting
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Add green
Use and adjustment layer

36. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
Fisheye
A RAW file that has been altered
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.

37. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
Follow focus
Short lighting.
Dynamic range
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view

38. Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements?
A high contrast image
Reciprocal relationship
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.

39. This stores electronic images captured in a digital camera until they can be transferred to a computer.
The difference between light and dark.
Add magenta
A high contrast image
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

40. What is the effect of front lighting?
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Add blue
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Broad lighting

41. In the 20th century - black & white photographers used the Zone system to tame excessive contrast. Now - digital photographers use what?
Aperture-Priority
High Dynamic Range
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.

42. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Yellow
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

43. Aperture controls what?
hue/saturation adjustment layer
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
sRGB
Aperture and shutter

44. Sharpness from near to far is controlled by what?
Aperture
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
In the middle

45. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
Short lighting
In the middle
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
1 1/3 stops

46. A lens with a very wide angle of view and produces barrel distortion is what kind of lens?
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Magenta
Fair Use
Fisheye

47. Resolution refers to what?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Fisheye
Contrast
8 bits

48. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Aperture-priority
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Add yellow

49. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
Yellow
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
One stop less
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

50. Name two ways you can increase depth of field (other than changing aperture).
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Infrared
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
sRGB