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Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. A tall vertical line on the right hand edge of a histogram indicates what?
3200 Kelvin
The impression human vision gives
Blown highlights
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.

2. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
Broad lighting
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Butterfly lighting
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)

3. How would you define exposure in mathematical terms?
Shutter speed & aperture
Blue & Green
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

4. If an image is too yellow - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add blue
A RAW file that has been altered
Yellow
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

5. Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements?
Incident light meter
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Add red
One stop less

6. What are luminance and illuminance?
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Fair Use
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
A raster image

7. If an image is too red - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
1 1/3 stops
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Magenta
Add cyan

8. A color image with smooth gradiations requires at least what bit depth?
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

9. What are IPTC fields used for?
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Parallax
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

10. What is interpolated resolution?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Actual Pixel view
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

11. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
Because you can move in close to the subject
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
JPEG
The impression human vision gives

12. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
8 bits
A high contrast image
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Add green

13. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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14. The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper?
Metadata
Glossy paper
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
The difference between light and dark.

15. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Soft proofing
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Additive (R - G - B)
stopped down

16. What are the effects of top lighting?
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
The sensor's sensitivity to light
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

17. The amount of motion blur in an image will increase if you do what?
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Blown highlights

18. When buying a lens hood - you should get it in what size relative to the lens?

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19. The useable exposure range of a sensor - or the range of subject brightness is called what?
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Actual Pixel view
5000K
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)

20. Aperture controls what?
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Metadata
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

21. What does the term "stop" mean?
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
International Organization for Standardization
A change in illumination
Dynamic range

22. What is the best color profile for web images?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
sRGB
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Metadata

23. What do TTL systems react to?
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

24. What is the usable exposure range - or range of subject brightness called?
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
High Dynamic Range
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Dynamic range

25. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
JPEG
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Use and adjustment layer
Short lighting

26. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
1 or 2
Shutter speed & aperture
The sensor's sensitivity to light

27. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
9
Magenta
8 stops
Half as much light

28. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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29. A normal (or standard) focal length lens approximates what?
The impression human vision gives
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Cyan
8 bits

30. What is a flag?
Parallax
High Dynamic Range
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
A change in illumination

31. Bit depth refers to what?
Shutter-Priority
Blue
Variations command
The amount of information contained in each pixel

32. A magic wand tool is used for what?
Fisheye
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.

33. What is the suggested shutter speed to stop action of a child running parallel to the film plan - about 25 feet from the camera?
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Glossy paper
1/250th
Depth of field

34. What is the term used to describe a sensor's sensitivity to light?
Actual Pixel view
ISO
Aperture
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

35. What kind of film can help reduce haze in a landscape?
Infrared
A RAW file that has been altered
Blue
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image

36. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Aperture and shutter
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Bit

37. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
Metadata
A high contrast image
Butterfly lighting
hue/saturation adjustment layer

38. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Blue & Green
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

39. What does "photomacrograph" or "macrophotograph" mean?
A new layer
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
ISO
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.

40. Panning does what?
Shutter speed & aperture
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
5000K
Selecting portions of the image based on color

41. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
stopped down
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Half as much light
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree

42. What color is opposite Red on the color wheel?
Cyan
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Lasso tool
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)

43. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
The sensor's sensitivity to light
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

44. Blue is opposite what color on the color wheel?
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Yellow
A change in illumination
Dynamic range

45. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Short lighting
Add blue
5000K

46. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
A mirror and pentaprism
All colors

47. What is dodging?
JPEG
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Incident light meter
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

48. Photoshop's command for a simple way to start using color balance is what?
Variations command
flat - low contrast light
Additive (R - G - B)
Reflected light meter

49. In a digital image - the images file sizes corresponds to the total number of what in the image?
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Total number of pixels
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

50. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
Blue & Green
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

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