Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. An image made of pixels is sometimes called what?
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
A raster image
The sensor's sensitivity to light
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)

2. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
Contrast
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Very wide at about 180 degrees
aperture diameter

3. What color is opposite Red on the color wheel?
Cyan
A high contrast image
Snoot
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light

4. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Blue
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
5000K

5. This light modifier can be used to highlight a specific area of the subject.
Snoot
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta

6. What kind of lighting pattern places the key light directly in front of and higher than the face?
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
A raster image
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Butterfly lighting

7. How is brightness and contrast best controlled in Photoshop?
Lower
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Levels adjustment
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.

8. The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper?
Front lighting
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Glossy paper
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

9. What is the best color profile for web images?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
5000K
sRGB
Aperture-priority

10. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

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11. If an image is too yellow - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add blue
Follow focus
One stop
9

12. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

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13. A general purpose lens will provide an f-stop range of up to how many?
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
8 stops
The sensor's sensitivity to light

14. All objects beyond the closest distance in focus will be sharp when this appears within the DOF scale.
Infinity
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
lens-to-subject distance
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

15. A color image with smooth gradiations requires at least what bit depth?
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
One stop
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)

16. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
Convex
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Add magenta

17. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
Follow focus
Blue
Zoom lens
Aperture-priority

18. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
four times more
International Organization for Standardization
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)

19. If an image is too green - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Add magenta
Subtractive primaries (plus black)

20. Bit depth refers to what?
High Dynamic Range
lens-to-subject distance
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
The amount of information contained in each pixel

21. Aperture controls what?
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Black (0)
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
A mirror and pentaprism

22. The amount of motion blur in an image will increase if you do what?
1 or 2
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Because you can move in close to the subject
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

23. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
Broad lighting
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Contrast
Levels adjustment

24. What does "photomacrograph" or "macrophotograph" mean?
Total number of pixels
Convex
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Subtractive primaries (plus black)

25. Generally - traditional portraits use what lighting ratio?
3:1 or 4:1
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Fair Use
Actual Pixel view

26. What is the name of the technique used to make a monitor look like what you will see on your print?
Cyan
A new layer
Soft proofing
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees

27. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
Broad lighting
hue/saturation adjustment layer
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Short lighting.

28. What determines what will be a 'normal' focal length lens on a particular camera?
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Levels adjustment
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
The sensor's sensitivity to light

29. The image transmitted by the lens is recorded by the what?
Add blue
Levels adjustment
sensor
Small light source at an angle to the subject

30. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
Aperture-priority
Glossy paper
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

31. What is gamut?
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

32. Tungsten is approximately what color temperature?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
3200 Kelvin

33. What is the suggested shutter speed to stop action of a child running parallel to the film plan - about 25 feet from the camera?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
1/250th

34. What is the term used to describe a sensor's sensitivity to light?
ISO
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Reflected light meter

35. What light source has the highest color temperature?
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.

36. What are luminance and illuminance?
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
sRGB
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Total number of pixels

37. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
Zoom lens
Half as much light
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image

38. What is the term used to describe human's change in perception of a color under different light sources?
Shutter-priority
Metamerism
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Blown highlights

39. What is the name of the issue that prevents you from seeing exactly what the lens sees when using a rangefinder camera?
sensor
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Parallax

40. An 8x10 at 240 dpi will have a resolution of what?
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
8 stops
Add green
8 bits

41. What is a flag?
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Infrared

42. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
Add blue
Additive (R - G - B)
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

43. What is the effect of front lighting?
Reciprocal relationship
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

44. What is interpolated resolution?
A change in illumination
The impression human vision gives
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.

45. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Infinity
Hue - Luminance - Saturation

46. When the size of the aperture is decreased - it is said to be what?
One stop
stopped down
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject

47. Going clockwise around the color wheel - starting with RED - what is the progression of colors?
Yellow
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

48. What kind of meter is built in to most cameras?
Reflected light meter
lens-to-subject distance
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.

49. What does side lighting emphasize?
emphasizes textures
1 1/3 stops
Black (0)
Because you can move in close to the subject

50. What does a neutral density filter do?
Front lighting
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Add yellow
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.