Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. A normal (or standard) focal length lens approximates what?
In the middle
The impression human vision gives
Follow focus
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

2. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
Flat lighting
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Yellow
Follow focus

3. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
A mirror and pentaprism
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Parallax

4. What is interpolated resolution?
Flat lighting
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Butterfly lighting
Aperture and shutter

5. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
four times more
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

6. If an image is too green - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Short lighting.
Half as much light
Add magenta
Aperture-Priority

7. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
A mirror and pentaprism
Lower
White (255)
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.

8. What is a color profile?
Parallax
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
stopped down

9. An image made of pixels is sometimes called what?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
A raster image
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.

10. Daylight is approximately what color temperature?
Metadata
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
5 -000 Kelvin
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.

11. As the aperture is stopped down - what happens to sharpness?
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
A new layer
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

12. In the 20th century - black & white photographers used the Zone system to tame excessive contrast. Now - digital photographers use what?
High Dynamic Range
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Blown highlights
Additive (R - G - B)

13. If an image is too red - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Parallax
Add cyan

14. A color image with smooth gradiations requires at least what bit depth?
A mirror and pentaprism
3:1 or 4:1
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors

15. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
Short lighting
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Metamerism
The sensor's sensitivity to light

16. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
Fair Use
sensor
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.

17. Generally - how much exposure compensation (in stops) should be used when using a polarizing filter?
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
1 1/3 stops
Aperture-Priority

18. What is a Bit?
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
RAID system
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
ISO

19. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
9
flat - low contrast light
Dynamic range
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light

20. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Add magenta
256

21. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
The impression human vision gives
Broad lighting
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Levels adjustment

22. The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper?
A change in illumination
Snoot
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Glossy paper

23. In a curves adjustment layer - what does the shape of the curve indicate?
Cyan
Contrast
Because you can move in close to the subject
White (255)

24. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
Convex
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
A high contrast image

25. What do TTL systems react to?
A change in illumination
JPEG
5000K
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.

26. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
Flat lighting
sRGB
No
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

27. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
A new layer
Reciprocal relationship
Add yellow

28. What color is between Magenta and Cyan on the color wheel?
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Blue
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

29. Going clockwise around the color wheel - starting with RED - what is the progression of colors?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view

30. Bit depth refers to what?
A new layer
The amount of information contained in each pixel
In the middle
Blue & Green

31. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very dark scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
3:1 or 4:1
Parallax
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Infrared

32. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
Dynamic range
The impression human vision gives
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Shutter-priority

33. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
emphasizes textures
aperture diameter
Follow focus

34. What is the name of the technique used to make a monitor look like what you will see on your print?
Soft proofing
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Reciprocal relationship
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)

35. What angle of view does a reflected light meter read?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Broad lighting
Levels adjustment
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast

36. Doubling the aperture setting creates how many stops difference in the amount of light reaching the sensor?
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
One stop
256
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

37. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

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38. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
8 stops
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
High Dynamic Range
One stop less

39. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Half as much light
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

40. A tonal correction cannot be accomplished by using a...
Variations command
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Follow focus
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

41. What is the effect of front lighting?
Parallax
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
In the middle
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

42. What is a thyristor?
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Reciprocal relationship
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
5000K

43. What determines what will be a 'normal' focal length lens on a particular camera?
Because you can move in close to the subject
Bit
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Follow focus

44. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
All colors
Half as much light
Infrared
Reflected light meter

45. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
JPEG
5000K
Zoom lens
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

46. The smallest unit of digital information is called a what?
Follow focus
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Bit

47. To emphasize texture in a portrait - what kind of light source is recommended?
sensor
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors

48. What is the best color profile for web images?
sRGB
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Short lighting

49. What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject?
A high contrast image
flat - low contrast light
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
A raster image

50. What is focal length - technically?
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Add yellow
A high contrast image