Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. A lens with a very wide angle of view and produces barrel distortion is what kind of lens?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Butterfly lighting
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Fisheye

2. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
Soft proofing
256
Aperture-Priority
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

3. Contrast measures what in a print?
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Aperture
The difference between light and dark.
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor

4. What is the term used to describe a sensor's sensitivity to light?
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
ISO
The difference between light and dark.

5. A technique used to maintain sharp focus on a subject that is moving toward you is called what?
Follow focus
Shutter-Priority
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.

6. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
JPEG
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Yellow
Add blue

7. What is a color profile?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
9
Yellow
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).

8. What Photoshop tool allows you to select an area of any size or shape by drawing freehand?
Levels adjustment
Lasso tool
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
emphasizes textures

9. The amount of motion blur in an image will increase if you do what?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Selecting portions of the image based on color
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Lasso tool

10. A tonal correction cannot be accomplished by using a...
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
aperture diameter
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Add yellow

11. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture - what mode are you working in?
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Reciprocal relationship
Shutter-priority
Total number of pixels

12. When the additive primaries are mixed together equally - what is created?
RAID system
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
3:1 or 4:1
Small light source at an angle to the subject

13. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
emphasizes textures
flat - low contrast light
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Aperture

14. When buying a lens hood - you should get it in what size relative to the lens?

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15. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
A new layer
256
Yellow

16. What is the best color profile for web images?
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
International Organization for Standardization
sRGB
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)

17. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
1 1/3 stops
It increases
Broad lighting
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.

18. When the size of the aperture is decreased - it is said to be what?
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
stopped down
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Additive (R - G - B)

19. What is a flag?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
International Organization for Standardization
Add blue

20. What does a neutral density filter do?
Butterfly lighting
Levels adjustment
Reflected light meter
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.

21. Photoshop's command for a simple way to start using color balance is what?
1 1/3 stops
Variations command
Bit
One stop

22. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

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23. As the aperture is stopped down - what happens to sharpness?
Use and adjustment layer
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

24. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
International Organization for Standardization
8 bits
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject

25. A general purpose lens will provide an f-stop range of up to how many?
Shutter-priority
In the middle
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
8 stops

26. When the subtractive primaries are added together equally - what is created?
RAID system
A new layer
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

27. What are the effects of top lighting?
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Shutter speed & aperture
Selecting portions of the image based on color

28. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
Depth of field
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

29. An image made of pixels is sometimes called what?
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Levels adjustment
A raster image
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.

30. What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Shutter-priority
White (255)

31. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Fisheye
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

32. What is the effect of front lighting?
Yellow
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
A mirror and pentaprism
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

33. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
Shutter speed & aperture
In the middle
A raster image
The sensor's sensitivity to light

34. What is TTL?
emphasizes textures
Because you can move in close to the subject
Bit
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

35. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Follow focus
The difference between light and dark.
Short lighting.

36. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Reciprocal relationship
Front lighting

37. What is the suggested shutter speed to stop action of a child running parallel to the film plan - about 25 feet from the camera?
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Zoom lens
1/250th
3:1 or 4:1

38. What would you use an ICC profile for?
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
sRGB
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.

39. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
Add yellow
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Add cyan
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.

40. Blue is opposite what color on the color wheel?
Shutter speed & aperture
Blue & Green
Yellow
Total number of pixels

41. Daylight is approximately what color temperature?
5 -000 Kelvin
Cyan
3:1 or 4:1
flat - low contrast light

42. What is the name of the technique used to make a monitor look like what you will see on your print?
Add green
Depth of field
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Soft proofing

43. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Broad lighting
9
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.

44. Bit depth refers to what?
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject

45. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Magenta
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)

46. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed.
Add red
Aperture-Priority
A new layer
Reciprocal relationship

47. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Magenta
Broad lighting
Black (0)

48. This viewing option gives you the most accurate version of your image in Photoshop.
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Actual Pixel view
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

49. The term to describe the combination of aperture and shutter speed that can be changed by moving them in opposite directions.
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Add blue
Reciprocal relationship
One stop less

50. To emphasize texture in a portrait - what kind of light source is recommended?
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
In the middle