Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Going clockwise around the color wheel - starting with RED - what is the progression of colors?
High Dynamic Range
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

2. The image transmitted by the lens is recorded by the what?
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
sensor
Lasso tool

3. The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper?
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Glossy paper
Snoot
Additive (R - G - B)

4. Resolution refers to what?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
5000K
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

5. What is an element and where is it found?
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Front lighting
Contrast
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.

6. Name two ways you can increase depth of field (other than changing aperture).
Total number of pixels
256
Parallax
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject

7. What Photoshop tool allows you to select an area of any size or shape by drawing freehand?
Lasso tool
Total number of pixels
Add blue
flat - low contrast light

8. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
The difference between light and dark.
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.

9. What light source has the highest color temperature?
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Shutter-priority
8 bits
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

10. A histogram shows what in an image?
Dynamic range
Yellow
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
The brightness of all the pixels in an image

11. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
A change in illumination
Fair Use
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.

12. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
JPEG
Zoom lens
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

13. When buying a lens hood - you should get it in what size relative to the lens?

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14. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
A raster image
Add cyan
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Half as much light

15. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
1 or 2

16. What would you use an ICC profile for?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Because you can move in close to the subject
Lower

17. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
256
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

18. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
emphasizes textures
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Short lighting

19. The smallest unit of digital information is called a what?
Bit
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.

20. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
Follow focus
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color

21. A 1:1 lighting ratio produces what lighting result?
3:1 or 4:1
1 or 2
Flat lighting
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.

22. This type of backup system is fault-tolerant because it creates redundant data.
Glossy paper
RAID system
stopped down
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.

23. If an image is too green - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Aperture and shutter
Add magenta
The amount of information contained in each pixel
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

24. A normal (or standard) focal length lens approximates what?
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Flat lighting
The impression human vision gives
Metamerism

25. What are the effects of high side lighting?
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
A change in illumination
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.

26. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
3:1 or 4:1
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

27. A color image with smooth gradiations requires at least what bit depth?
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
sRGB
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors

28. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Lower
Soft proofing

29. Printers use what set of colors?
emphasizes textures
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Actual Pixel view

30. Photoshop's command for a simple way to start using color balance is what?
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
One stop less
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Variations command

31. Sharpness from near to far is controlled by what?
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Aperture
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

32. Perspective is affected by what?
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
lens-to-subject distance
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.

33. What are luminance and illuminance?
Selecting portions of the image based on color
A new layer
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)

34. A filter with a factor of 2 requires how many stops of compensation?

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35. An image made of pixels is sometimes called what?
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Shutter-Priority
A raster image
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

36. When the subtractive primaries are added together equally - what is created?
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Add magenta
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

37. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
JPEG
Incident light meter
Short lighting.
Zoom lens

38. All objects beyond the closest distance in focus will be sharp when this appears within the DOF scale.
Infinity
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Convex
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

39. What does "photomacrograph" or "macrophotograph" mean?
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Yellow
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
International Organization for Standardization

40. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture - what mode are you working in?
Yellow
Shutter-priority
1 1/3 stops
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)

41. When the additive primaries are mixed together equally - what is created?
A mirror and pentaprism
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
One stop
Front lighting

42. What color is between Magenta and Cyan on the color wheel?
Metadata
A raster image
Infinity
Blue

43. Cyan is composed of equal parts of what two colors?
Blue & Green
It increases
Add cyan
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

44. What color is opposite Green on the color wheel?
Lower
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Magenta

45. What image adjustment tool uses a histogram display to alter an image?
In the middle
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
stopped down
Levels adjustment

46. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
ISO
Because you can move in close to the subject
Convex

47. If an image is too cyan - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Aperture-Priority
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Add red

48. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
No
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)

49. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Add red
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

50. What is the best color profile for web images?
sRGB
Use and adjustment layer
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image