Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the inverse square law?
The difference between light and dark.
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
JPEG

2. What two controls adjust the amount of light that reaches the sensor?
1/250th
Broad lighting
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Aperture and shutter

3. What would you use an ICC profile for?
256
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

4. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
3:1 or 4:1
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
A mirror and pentaprism

5. What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent?
Flat lighting
White (255)
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

6. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Depth of field
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Half as much light

7. Doubling the aperture setting creates how many stops difference in the amount of light reaching the sensor?
One stop
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
1/250th

8. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
lens-to-subject distance
Convex
sensor
JPEG

9. This viewing option gives you the most accurate version of your image in Photoshop.
Levels adjustment
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Actual Pixel view
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree

10. What is an element and where is it found?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Follow focus
JPEG
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.

11. How would you define exposure in mathematical terms?
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Lasso tool
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

12. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
hue/saturation adjustment layer
1 or 2
All colors
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast

13. Aperture controls what?
Bit
Variations command
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Glossy paper

14. The amount of motion blur in an image will increase if you do what?
Butterfly lighting
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)

15. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
sRGB
Black (0)
In the middle

16. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture - what mode are you working in?
Shutter-priority
Short lighting.
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
A mirror and pentaprism

17. Name two ways you can increase depth of field (other than changing aperture).
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Flat lighting
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject

18. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
256
A RAW file that has been altered
8 bits

19. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
Additive (R - G - B)
Convex
Actual Pixel view
Yellow

20. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
Fair Use
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Shutter-priority
International Organization for Standardization

21. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
JPEG
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)

22. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Follow focus
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)

23. What is the usable exposure range - or range of subject brightness called?
Dynamic range
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
High Dynamic Range
1 or 2

24. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
Soft proofing
Add green
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Convex

25. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Glossy paper
aperture diameter
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

26. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
In the middle
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Selecting portions of the image based on color
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.

27. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
sensor
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

28. A histogram with peaks on either end of the histogram and a deep valley in between represents what?
emphasizes textures
Blue
A high contrast image
Small light source at an angle to the subject

29. This light modifier can be used to highlight a specific area of the subject.
Lasso tool
ISO
Cyan
Snoot

30. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
Infrared
Bit
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
In the middle

31. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
High Dynamic Range
Dynamic range
Additive (R - G - B)
Because you can move in close to the subject

32. What determines what will be a 'normal' focal length lens on a particular camera?
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
A high contrast image
The brightness of all the pixels in an image

33. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Short lighting.

34. What is dodging?
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Bit
No

35. Perspective is affected by what?
lens-to-subject distance
Soft proofing
aperture diameter
ISO

36. In a digital image - the images file sizes corresponds to the total number of what in the image?
Total number of pixels
1/250th
Reflected light meter
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color

37. Generally - traditional portraits use what lighting ratio?
3:1 or 4:1
Front lighting
emphasizes textures
Aperture-Priority

38. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
The difference between light and dark.
Yellow
5000K
Add green

39. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Variations command
Add yellow
A raster image
Subtractive primaries (plus black)

40. Resolution refers to what?
sensor
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Snoot
Add magenta

41. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
Magenta
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Zoom lens
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

42. Going clockwise around the color wheel - starting with RED - what is the progression of colors?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Fair Use
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.

43. What are IPTC fields used for?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Add magenta
International Organization for Standardization
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).

44. What is a color profile?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Incident light meter
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.

45. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
Shutter speed & aperture
Metadata
It increases
Selecting portions of the image based on color

46. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Broad lighting
Aperture and shutter
Snoot

47. The useable exposure range of a sensor - or the range of subject brightness is called what?
aperture diameter
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
No
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)

48. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
Additive (R - G - B)
5000K
Front lighting
Hue - Luminance - Saturation

49. A filter with a factor of 2 requires how many stops of compensation?

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50. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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