Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Perspective is affected by what?
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
1 or 2
lens-to-subject distance

2. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Short lighting

3. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
8 bits
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
It increases

4. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed.
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Aperture-Priority
Magenta
aperture diameter

5. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture.
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Shutter-Priority
256
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.

6. Printers use what set of colors?
stopped down
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Reflected light meter
8 bits

7. In the 20th century - black & white photographers used the Zone system to tame excessive contrast. Now - digital photographers use what?
Levels adjustment
High Dynamic Range
It increases
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image

8. What is the effect of front lighting?
8 bits
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

9. What does a neutral density filter do?
5 -000 Kelvin
Reciprocal relationship
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

10. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
Total number of pixels
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Fair Use

11. To emphasize texture in a portrait - what kind of light source is recommended?
1 1/3 stops
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.

12. This type of backup system is fault-tolerant because it creates redundant data.
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Add magenta
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
RAID system

13. Doubling the aperture setting creates how many stops difference in the amount of light reaching the sensor?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
sRGB
One stop

14. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
3200 Kelvin
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
1 1/3 stops
Add red

15. If an image is too cyan - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Blue
International Organization for Standardization
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Add red

16. What does side lighting emphasize?
emphasizes textures
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
In the middle
Hue - Luminance - Saturation

17. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
Yellow
256
A change in illumination
All colors

18. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

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19. What is a derivative file?
All colors
Front lighting
Dynamic range
A RAW file that has been altered

20. What color is between Magenta and Cyan on the color wheel?
Aperture
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Blue
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.

21. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
Aperture-priority
Shutter speed & aperture
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
four times more

22. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
Half as much light
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
sRGB
Additive (R - G - B)

23. When the additive primaries are mixed together equally - what is created?
Fisheye
RAID system
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)

24. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
ISO
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Front lighting

25. If an image is too yellow - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Front lighting
1 1/3 stops
Add blue

26. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
Because you can move in close to the subject
5000K
hue/saturation adjustment layer
The brightness of all the pixels in an image

27. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
A new layer
Variations command
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image

28. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Broad lighting
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast

29. A magic wand tool is used for what?
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Bit
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Half as much light

30. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
In the middle
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

31. What Photoshop tool allows you to select an area of any size or shape by drawing freehand?
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Lasso tool
Aperture and shutter

32. What is a thyristor?
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Infinity
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.

33. The useable exposure range of a sensor - or the range of subject brightness is called what?
Follow focus
Infinity
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

34. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

35. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
It increases
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
One stop less

36. What is gamut?
Magenta
Depth of field
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.

37. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

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38. What are the effects of high side lighting?
In the middle
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.

39. This light modifier can be used to highlight a specific area of the subject.
Snoot
Aperture-Priority
Front lighting
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view

40. What kind of lighting pattern places the key light directly in front of and higher than the face?
Soft proofing
Shutter-priority
Butterfly lighting
The impression human vision gives

41. What light source has the highest color temperature?
Blue
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
In the middle

42. What do TTL systems react to?
In the middle
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
3:1 or 4:1
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.

43. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
Black (0)
Shutter speed & aperture
Because you can move in close to the subject
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

44. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Fair Use
1/250th
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

45. If an image is too red - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Add cyan
four times more

46. What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent?
White (255)
Contrast
In the middle
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.

47. What would you use an ICC profile for?
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Shutter speed & aperture
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.

48. How is brightness and contrast best controlled in Photoshop?
Short lighting.
Infrared
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Levels adjustment

49. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
flat - low contrast light
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Use and adjustment layer
Fisheye

50. Resolution refers to what?
9
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Snoot