Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
A RAW file that has been altered
Convex
Shutter speed & aperture
Add red

2. Daylight is approximately what color temperature?
sensor
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
5 -000 Kelvin
Short lighting

3. What kind of lighting pattern places the key light directly in front of and higher than the face?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Yellow
Butterfly lighting
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.

4. What kind of film can help reduce haze in a landscape?
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Infrared
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

5. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Because you can move in close to the subject
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.

6. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Short lighting.

7. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
5 -000 Kelvin
Half as much light
It increases
Magenta

8. What is the usable exposure range - or range of subject brightness called?
Dynamic range
Aperture-Priority
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Levels adjustment

9. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
Follow focus
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Infinity
Selecting portions of the image based on color

10. Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements?
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Flat lighting
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject

11. What is burning?
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
emphasizes textures
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

12. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Shutter speed & aperture
One stop less
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color

13. As the aperture is stopped down - what happens to sharpness?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
3:1 or 4:1
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

14. What are the effects of top lighting?
No
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
1 or 2
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.

15. Digital cameras use what set of primary colors?
Additive (R - G - B)
hue/saturation adjustment layer
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

16. What is a flag?
Blown highlights
ISO
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Half as much light

17. The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper?
Short lighting
5 -000 Kelvin
1 1/3 stops
Glossy paper

18. If an image is too red - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Add cyan
The brightness of all the pixels in an image

19. What is dodging?
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Add red
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
Glossy paper

20. Blue is opposite what color on the color wheel?
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Yellow
White (255)

21. A general purpose lens will provide an f-stop range of up to how many?
Small light source at an angle to the subject
8 stops
Half as much light
5000K

22. Generally - traditional portraits use what lighting ratio?
Incident light meter
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
3:1 or 4:1

23. A normal (or standard) focal length lens approximates what?
A new layer
Broad lighting
The impression human vision gives
Snoot

24. The relative aperture is equal to the lens focal length divided by what?
Reflected light meter
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Levels adjustment
aperture diameter

25. This type of backup system is fault-tolerant because it creates redundant data.
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
RAID system
Aperture-Priority
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

26. What is a color profile?
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Butterfly lighting
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).

27. Contrast measures what in a print?
Parallax
Follow focus
The difference between light and dark.
Variations command

28. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

29. What is a derivative file?
Convex
3:1 or 4:1
A RAW file that has been altered
A new layer

30. A lens with a very wide angle of view and produces barrel distortion is what kind of lens?
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Because you can move in close to the subject
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Fisheye

31. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Contrast
Broad lighting
Metamerism

32. Photoshop's command for a simple way to start using color balance is what?
Zoom lens
One stop less
Variations command
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.

33. What does the term "stop" mean?
Infrared
Use and adjustment layer
A change in illumination
1 or 2

34. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Front lighting
Add cyan

35. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
8 bits
8 stops
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

36. A histogram shows what in an image?
Add red
1/250th
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Because you can move in close to the subject

37. What determines what will be a 'normal' focal length lens on a particular camera?
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
sRGB
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

38. What is the term used to describe a sensor's sensitivity to light?
sRGB
ISO
Black (0)
9

39. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Small light source at an angle to the subject
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

40. What is the term used to describe human's change in perception of a color under different light sources?
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Snoot
Metamerism
1 or 2

41. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Flat lighting
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

42. This kind of meter is preferred by photographers working in a studio situation where lighting conditions can be altered.
Shutter-priority
Incident light meter
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

43. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
Add yellow
Blue & Green
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
5000K

44. A tall vertical line on the right hand edge of a histogram indicates what?
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Blown highlights
Butterfly lighting

45. What color is between Magenta and Cyan on the color wheel?
Blue
1 1/3 stops
Infinity
Variations command

46. What is the inverse square law?
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
3200 Kelvin
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

47. If an image is too green - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Variations command
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Add magenta

48. Generally - how much exposure compensation (in stops) should be used when using a polarizing filter?
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Short lighting.
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
1 1/3 stops

49. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Zoom lens
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Lower

50. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Shutter-Priority
Contrast
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.