Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Instead of permanently altering your image when adjusting for color and value - what should you do?
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Use and adjustment layer
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

2. How would you define exposure in mathematical terms?
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Bit

3. The image transmitted by the lens is recorded by the what?
sensor
It increases
Snoot
International Organization for Standardization

4. A technique used to maintain sharp focus on a subject that is moving toward you is called what?
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Follow focus
Cyan
Incident light meter

5. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
Incident light meter
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
four times more

6. When the size of the aperture is decreased - it is said to be what?
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Magenta
stopped down

7. A 1:1 lighting ratio produces what lighting result?
Flat lighting
Magenta
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Lasso tool

8. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture - what mode are you working in?
Broad lighting
emphasizes textures
Shutter-priority
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

9. This stores electronic images captured in a digital camera until they can be transferred to a computer.
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Fisheye
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view

10. What is the inverse square law?
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Total number of pixels
flat - low contrast light

11. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very dark scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Shutter speed & aperture
Infrared
A new layer
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.

12. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Follow focus
Short lighting
Broad lighting

13. A general purpose lens will provide an f-stop range of up to how many?
No
sensor
8 stops
Total number of pixels

14. What is a BYTE?
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
sensor
High Dynamic Range
1/250th

15. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
In the middle
Very wide at about 180 degrees

16. In short lighting - where is the main light placed?
A new layer
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
aperture diameter
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.

17. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
Bit
1 or 2
Short lighting.
ISO

18. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Metadata
One stop less
The impression human vision gives

19. The smallest unit of digital information is called a what?
Depth of field
1 1/3 stops
The impression human vision gives
Bit

20. An 8x10 at 240 dpi will have a resolution of what?
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Metamerism
Shutter-Priority
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

21. A tall vertical line on the right hand edge of a histogram indicates what?
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Blown highlights

22. Printers use what set of colors?
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
lens-to-subject distance
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Subtractive primaries (plus black)

23. If an image is too green - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add magenta
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

24. Bit depth refers to what?
Broad lighting
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
The amount of information contained in each pixel

25. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
Yellow
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
JPEG
Blue & Green

26. In a curves adjustment layer - what does the shape of the curve indicate?
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Butterfly lighting
Contrast

27. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

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28. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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29. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Magenta
Levels adjustment
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color

30. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Front lighting
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
One stop

31. What is a derivative file?
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Dynamic range
High Dynamic Range
A RAW file that has been altered

32. Panning does what?
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
1 1/3 stops
Broad lighting

33. What would you use an ICC profile for?
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Aperture and shutter
Additive (R - G - B)
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.

34. Can you save layers in a JPEG file format?
Infinity
No
Bit
Add blue

35. What is burning?
1/250th
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Blown highlights
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

36. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
Small light source at an angle to the subject
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Incident light meter
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

37. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

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38. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Follow focus
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Very wide at about 180 degrees

39. A normal (or standard) focal length lens approximates what?
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
The impression human vision gives
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
One stop

40. What is focal length - technically?
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Follow focus
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Zoom lens

41. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Blue & Green
The amount of information contained in each pixel
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.

42. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
Shutter-Priority
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.

43. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
Black (0)
Butterfly lighting
All colors
5000K

44. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
Bit
Flat lighting
Half as much light
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

45. What angle should a polarizing filter be to the sun for best results?
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Blown highlights

46. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
A mirror and pentaprism
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
flat - low contrast light

47. What is the name of the technique used to make a monitor look like what you will see on your print?
Actual Pixel view
Soft proofing
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Aperture-Priority

48. What is the best color profile for web images?
sRGB
Metamerism
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)

49. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
A mirror and pentaprism
Parallax
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.

50. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
256
Convex