Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Shutter speed & aperture
lens-to-subject distance
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

2. Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements?
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image

3. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
9
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

4. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Broad lighting
Small light source at an angle to the subject

5. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Metamerism

6. What does side lighting emphasize?
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
emphasizes textures
Aperture-Priority
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

7. How would you define exposure in mathematical terms?
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Dynamic range
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Shutter speed & aperture

8. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Cyan
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
A mirror and pentaprism

9. What is the effect of front lighting?
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Infinity
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Butterfly lighting

10. What is the name of the issue that prevents you from seeing exactly what the lens sees when using a rangefinder camera?
Variations command
Because you can move in close to the subject
Cyan
Parallax

11. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
Yellow
Short lighting
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
JPEG

12. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Metadata

13. What is the inverse square law?
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
5000K
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Butterfly lighting

14. What color is opposite Red on the color wheel?
9
Aperture-Priority
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
Cyan

15. A histogram with peaks on either end of the histogram and a deep valley in between represents what?
Broad lighting
Add yellow
A high contrast image
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.

16. What kind of meter is built in to most cameras?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Short lighting
Reflected light meter
Snoot

17. Digital cameras use what set of primary colors?
White (255)
Metadata
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Additive (R - G - B)

18. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
Soft proofing
In the middle
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)

19. What is the term used to describe a sensor's sensitivity to light?
Depth of field
ISO
The difference between light and dark.
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.

20. The area of acceptable sharpness in an image is called what?
Depth of field
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
A change in illumination
A raster image

21. What image adjustment tool uses a histogram display to alter an image?
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
9
Levels adjustment

22. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
One stop
Zoom lens
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Black (0)

23. What kind of film can help reduce haze in a landscape?
A high contrast image
Infrared
Half as much light
1 1/3 stops

24. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
One stop
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Yellow
JPEG

25. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
One stop less
Because you can move in close to the subject

26. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Front lighting
5 -000 Kelvin

27. The relative aperture is equal to the lens focal length divided by what?
A RAW file that has been altered
Half as much light
aperture diameter
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment

28. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

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29. This kind of meter is preferred by photographers working in a studio situation where lighting conditions can be altered.
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
aperture diameter
Incident light meter
One stop

30. Photoshop's command for a simple way to start using color balance is what?
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Variations command
256
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

31. What is focal length - technically?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment

32. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
The impression human vision gives
Fair Use
Levels adjustment
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

33. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Broad lighting

34. This light modifier can be used to highlight a specific area of the subject.
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Snoot
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees

35. What color is between Magenta and Cyan on the color wheel?
Blue
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
flat - low contrast light

36. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
The brightness of all the pixels in an image

37. A lens with a very wide angle of view and produces barrel distortion is what kind of lens?
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Glossy paper
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Fisheye

38. Focal length controls what?
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Short lighting

39. The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
One stop
Glossy paper

40. A color image with smooth gradiations requires at least what bit depth?
Front lighting
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
RAID system
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors

41. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture - what mode are you working in?
Infinity
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
The impression human vision gives
Shutter-priority

42. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
four times more
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Subtractive primaries (plus black)

43. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
The sensor's sensitivity to light
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
256
In the middle

44. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
Zoom lens
RAID system
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast

45. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
1 or 2
lens-to-subject distance
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).

46. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
Convex
Dynamic range
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)

47. This type of backup system is fault-tolerant because it creates redundant data.
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
1 or 2
RAID system

48. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
four times more
JPEG
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
ISO

49. A magic wand tool is used for what?
flat - low contrast light
Total number of pixels
A high contrast image
Selecting portions of the image based on color

50. What is an element and where is it found?
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
Black (0)
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Blue & Green