Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What kind of meter is built in to most cameras?
Reflected light meter
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
It increases

2. What kind of lighting pattern places the key light directly in front of and higher than the face?
four times more
Butterfly lighting
hue/saturation adjustment layer
A change in illumination

3. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Butterfly lighting
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Add green

4. What light source has the highest color temperature?
Fair Use
sensor
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

5. In a digital image - the images file sizes corresponds to the total number of what in the image?
Follow focus
four times more
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Total number of pixels

6. Bit depth refers to what?
Short lighting
A new layer
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
The amount of information contained in each pixel

7. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
Add red
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Front lighting

8. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
One stop less
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)

9. What is the effect of front lighting?
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Flat lighting
lens-to-subject distance
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

10. Resolution refers to what?
Add green
emphasizes textures
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image

11. A histogram shows what in an image?
Fisheye
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
One stop
Add green

12. What is the usable exposure range - or range of subject brightness called?
256
Short lighting
Dynamic range
White (255)

13. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
Add blue
Fisheye
Short lighting.
A high contrast image

14. The term to describe the combination of aperture and shutter speed that can be changed by moving them in opposite directions.
Reciprocal relationship
Dynamic range
9
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view

15. What is the name of the technique used to make a monitor look like what you will see on your print?
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Soft proofing
Aperture

16. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Contrast
Add yellow
emphasizes textures
Blue

17. All objects beyond the closest distance in focus will be sharp when this appears within the DOF scale.
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Infinity
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
A change in illumination

18. When the additive primaries are mixed together equally - what is created?
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Shutter-priority
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
8 bits

19. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Front lighting
1 or 2

20. The useable exposure range of a sensor - or the range of subject brightness is called what?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

21. This type of backup system is fault-tolerant because it creates redundant data.
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
RAID system
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Infrared

22. A general purpose lens will provide an f-stop range of up to how many?
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Aperture-Priority
8 stops
High Dynamic Range

23. What color is between Magenta and Cyan on the color wheel?
5 -000 Kelvin
Follow focus
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Blue

24. What is a flag?
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Aperture and shutter
Cyan

25. As the aperture is stopped down - what happens to sharpness?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Infrared
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Levels adjustment

26. Panning does what?
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

27. What does a neutral density filter do?
Levels adjustment
Short lighting
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.

28. A 1:1 lighting ratio produces what lighting result?
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Follow focus
Flat lighting

29. The image transmitted by the lens is recorded by the what?
It increases
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
sensor
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

30. What is the name of the issue that prevents you from seeing exactly what the lens sees when using a rangefinder camera?
Lasso tool
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Parallax
Front lighting

31. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Lower
Shutter-Priority
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

32. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
A mirror and pentaprism
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
No

33. What are the effects of high side lighting?
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Parallax
5 -000 Kelvin
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.

34. When the subtractive primaries are added together equally - what is created?
Soft proofing
Fisheye
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

35. What is a Bit?
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Glossy paper
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
One stop

36. Perspective is affected by what?
5 -000 Kelvin
Snoot
lens-to-subject distance
A high contrast image

37. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
5000K
One stop less
Dynamic range
Yellow

38. A histogram with peaks on either end of the histogram and a deep valley in between represents what?
A high contrast image
Shutter-priority
Infinity
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.

39. What is the inverse square law?
Follow focus
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Levels adjustment

40. A filter with a factor of 2 requires how many stops of compensation?

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41. What is focal length - technically?
Incident light meter
Zoom lens
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
International Organization for Standardization

42. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Add yellow
Zoom lens

43. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
In the middle
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.

44. How is brightness and contrast best controlled in Photoshop?
A mirror and pentaprism
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
All colors
Levels adjustment

45. In short lighting - where is the main light placed?
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
1/250th
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
White (255)

46. Focal length controls what?
Small light source at an angle to the subject
9
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view

47. Generally - how much exposure compensation (in stops) should be used when using a polarizing filter?
1 1/3 stops
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Shutter speed & aperture

48. What is gamut?
Half as much light
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
A mirror and pentaprism
Metadata

49. What does ISO stand for?
The difference between light and dark.
Levels adjustment
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
International Organization for Standardization

50. Tungsten is approximately what color temperature?
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
3200 Kelvin
A high contrast image