Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Printers use how many bits per channel of information when printing?
Variations command
Cyan
8 bits
One stop

2. What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject?
flat - low contrast light
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

3. What would you use an ICC profile for?
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Parallax
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.

4. A histogram with peaks on either end of the histogram and a deep valley in between represents what?
A new layer
Use and adjustment layer
Lower
A high contrast image

5. When the size of the aperture is decreased - it is said to be what?
stopped down
lens-to-subject distance
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Follow focus

6. Cyan is composed of equal parts of what two colors?
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Total number of pixels
Blue & Green
Glossy paper

7. Printers use what set of colors?
No
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
A change in illumination

8. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
5000K
Contrast
Add cyan
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.

9. When the additive primaries are mixed together equally - what is created?
Infinity
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)

10. What is the inverse square law?
In the middle
8 bits
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Very wide at about 180 degrees

11. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
ISO
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

12. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Front lighting
Shutter-priority

13. A 1:1 lighting ratio produces what lighting result?
Soft proofing
Add yellow
Flat lighting
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).

14. Whenever another image is copied or moved into a file - Photoshop automatically creates what?
A new layer
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Infinity
3:1 or 4:1

15. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
Because you can move in close to the subject
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Infinity
Broad lighting

16. What are IPTC fields used for?
Fisheye
Variations command
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

17. Generally - traditional portraits use what lighting ratio?
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
3:1 or 4:1
Shutter-priority
sensor

18. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Metadata
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Variations command

19. What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent?
White (255)
Add magenta
Follow focus
High Dynamic Range

20. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
9
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

21. This kind of meter is preferred by photographers working in a studio situation where lighting conditions can be altered.
Metadata
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Incident light meter

22. What does a neutral density filter do?
Total number of pixels
Levels adjustment
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).

23. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
Fisheye
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
A raster image

24. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
A change in illumination
Blue
All colors
Small light source at an angle to the subject

25. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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26. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
3:1 or 4:1
Convex
Additive (R - G - B)
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color

27. If an image is too yellow - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add blue
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Half as much light
All colors

28. The image transmitted by the lens is recorded by the what?
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
sensor
Small light source at an angle to the subject

29. In a curves adjustment layer - what does the shape of the curve indicate?
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Lower
Contrast

30. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
lens-to-subject distance
Dynamic range
Contrast
A mirror and pentaprism

31. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
9
Glossy paper

32. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
1 1/3 stops
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
Very wide at about 180 degrees
One stop

33. When the subtractive primaries are added together equally - what is created?
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Aperture
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

34. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Convex
Very wide at about 180 degrees
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

35. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Add cyan
Follow focus
Lower

36. What is the term used to describe a sensor's sensitivity to light?
3:1 or 4:1
ISO
Front lighting
International Organization for Standardization

37. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Shutter-Priority
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Short lighting

38. The useable exposure range of a sensor - or the range of subject brightness is called what?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Because you can move in close to the subject
Dynamic range

39. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
A change in illumination
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Cyan

40. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
Shutter speed & aperture
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
International Organization for Standardization
White (255)

41. What is an element and where is it found?
Snoot
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Fisheye
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

42. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Blue & Green
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.

43. What are the effects of high side lighting?
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
1/250th
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.

44. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
flat - low contrast light
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast

45. The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper?
One stop
Glossy paper
A RAW file that has been altered
Incident light meter

46. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture - what mode are you working in?
Shutter-priority
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Follow focus
Shutter speed & aperture

47. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
Magenta
aperture diameter
Additive (R - G - B)
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

48. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
256
Small light source at an angle to the subject
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject

49. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
Broad lighting
Because you can move in close to the subject
Actual Pixel view
The sensor's sensitivity to light

50. A filter with a factor of 2 requires how many stops of compensation?

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