Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Sharpness from near to far is controlled by what?
Shutter-Priority
Aperture
Aperture-priority
Soft proofing

2. A lens with a very wide angle of view and produces barrel distortion is what kind of lens?
Soft proofing
Fisheye
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Add blue

3. How would you define exposure in mathematical terms?
sensor
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Short lighting.

4. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Add green
Add yellow
Reciprocal relationship

5. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
1 1/3 stops
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Add yellow

6. In a curves adjustment layer - what does the shape of the curve indicate?
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Contrast
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

7. Can you save layers in a JPEG file format?
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
No
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject

8. What image adjustment tool uses a histogram display to alter an image?
Levels adjustment
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Parallax

9. This viewing option gives you the most accurate version of your image in Photoshop.
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Add blue
Actual Pixel view
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."

10. Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

11. The useable exposure range of a sensor - or the range of subject brightness is called what?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

12. What is the term used to describe human's change in perception of a color under different light sources?
Metamerism
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view

13. What are luminance and illuminance?
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Levels adjustment
Short lighting
Fair Use

14. What is dodging?
Add blue
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
3200 Kelvin
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

15. What does ISO stand for?
International Organization for Standardization
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.

16. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Lower
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."

17. This type of backup system is fault-tolerant because it creates redundant data.
Add blue
sRGB
RAID system
One stop

18. What is burning?
International Organization for Standardization
Infinity
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

19. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed - what mode are you working in?
Aperture-priority
5000K
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

20. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
Aperture-Priority
9
Add red
Add blue

21. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Convex
Blown highlights
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.

22. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very dark scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Add green

23. As the aperture is stopped down - what happens to sharpness?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Butterfly lighting
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
8 bits

24. All objects beyond the closest distance in focus will be sharp when this appears within the DOF scale.
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Infinity
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Levels adjustment

25. Name two ways you can increase depth of field (other than changing aperture).
Bit
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
9
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject

26. What are the effects of top lighting?
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Front lighting
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

27. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed.
Aperture-Priority
Butterfly lighting
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

28. The smallest unit of digital information is called a what?
Bit
Blue
Yellow
Infinity

29. An 8x10 at 240 dpi will have a resolution of what?
JPEG
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Add cyan
Short lighting

30. When the size of the aperture is decreased - it is said to be what?
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
stopped down
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

31. The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper?
Add red
Bit
Glossy paper
A change in illumination

32. Digital cameras use what set of primary colors?
5 -000 Kelvin
Additive (R - G - B)
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees

33. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
A RAW file that has been altered
A new layer
Use and adjustment layer
1 or 2

34. Bit depth refers to what?
Aperture-Priority
JPEG
Soft proofing
The amount of information contained in each pixel

35. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
It increases
Broad lighting
Short lighting
RAID system

36. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
Short lighting.
Metadata
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Actual Pixel view

37. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
Lower
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Zoom lens
High Dynamic Range

38. In short lighting - where is the main light placed?
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
hue/saturation adjustment layer

39. What kind of meter is built in to most cameras?
Depth of field
A RAW file that has been altered
Reflected light meter
Aperture and shutter

40. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.

41. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
It increases

42. The image transmitted by the lens is recorded by the what?
sensor
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
1 or 2

43. What light source has the highest color temperature?
Bit
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Aperture-Priority
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

44. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
Levels adjustment
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
256
Depth of field

45. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
1 or 2
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor

46. A technique used to maintain sharp focus on a subject that is moving toward you is called what?
Yellow
5000K
Add cyan
Follow focus

47. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add magenta
Add yellow
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Convex

48. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
Broad lighting
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

49. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
3200 Kelvin
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
The impression human vision gives
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)

50. A normal (or standard) focal length lens approximates what?
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
The impression human vision gives
International Organization for Standardization
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)