Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
Broad lighting
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
A mirror and pentaprism
Metadata

2. What is a derivative file?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Add cyan
Add green
A RAW file that has been altered

3. What is the inverse square law?
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
stopped down
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.

4. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
Flat lighting
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Black (0)

5. Printers use what set of colors?
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Broad lighting

6. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
Incident light meter
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

7. What are the effects of high side lighting?
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
It increases
ISO
White (255)

8. Tungsten is approximately what color temperature?
3200 Kelvin
Blue & Green
Because you can move in close to the subject
Snoot

9. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very dark scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Actual Pixel view
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Blue & Green

10. The relative aperture is equal to the lens focal length divided by what?
aperture diameter
Aperture
It increases
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment

11. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Add blue
JPEG

12. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
Contrast
Shutter-Priority
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.

13. When the size of the aperture is decreased - it is said to be what?
stopped down
Short lighting.
Metadata
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.

14. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

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15. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
No
Butterfly lighting
One stop less
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment

16. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
5000K
The brightness of all the pixels in an image

17. A normal (or standard) focal length lens approximates what?
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Reflected light meter
The impression human vision gives
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

18. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
JPEG
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.

19. What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject?
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
One stop
flat - low contrast light
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.

20. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
A mirror and pentaprism
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

21. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Very wide at about 180 degrees
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)

22. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Follow focus
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.

23. A histogram shows what in an image?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
No
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures

24. Digital cameras use what set of primary colors?
RAID system
Reflected light meter
Actual Pixel view
Additive (R - G - B)

25. When the additive primaries are mixed together equally - what is created?
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject

26. Resolution refers to what?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Add cyan

27. A technique used to maintain sharp focus on a subject that is moving toward you is called what?
Blown highlights
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Follow focus
sRGB

28. Blue is opposite what color on the color wheel?
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
Yellow
Broad lighting
Add yellow

29. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
ISO
In the middle
1 or 2

30. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
Follow focus
ISO
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor

31. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
Yellow
It increases
Butterfly lighting
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees

32. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
International Organization for Standardization
Follow focus
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

33. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add green
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)

34. How is brightness and contrast best controlled in Photoshop?
Short lighting
Contrast
Zoom lens
Levels adjustment

35. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
Lower
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Add magenta
8 bits

36. If an image is too red - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Infinity
Add cyan

37. What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent?
A new layer
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
1 1/3 stops
White (255)

38. In a curves adjustment layer - what does the shape of the curve indicate?
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Contrast
Yellow
Butterfly lighting

39. If an image is too green - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Front lighting
Add magenta
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject

40. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
A high contrast image
emphasizes textures
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

41. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
256
Depth of field
Short lighting
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

42. What is the suggested shutter speed to stop action of a child running parallel to the film plan - about 25 feet from the camera?
Small light source at an angle to the subject
In the middle
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
1/250th

43. What is interpolated resolution?
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Fisheye
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

44. What does the term "stop" mean?
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
A change in illumination

45. A lens with a very wide angle of view and produces barrel distortion is what kind of lens?
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Fisheye
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)

46. What is the effect of front lighting?
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Add blue
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view

47. Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements?
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
It increases

48. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Fair Use
Add blue
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.

49. What light source has the highest color temperature?
A RAW file that has been altered
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

50. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
Yellow
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
In the middle
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)