Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

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2. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
8 bits
Fisheye
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.

3. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
1/250th
In the middle
Glossy paper
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.

4. What would you use an ICC profile for?
A RAW file that has been altered
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Because you can move in close to the subject
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.

5. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
Shutter-Priority
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
Butterfly lighting
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject

6. What is TTL?
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
3:1 or 4:1
Levels adjustment
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.

7. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed.
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Dynamic range
Aperture-Priority
Levels adjustment

8. What is burning?
A high contrast image
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light

9. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
Snoot
stopped down
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.

10. A technique used to maintain sharp focus on a subject that is moving toward you is called what?
Infinity
Follow focus
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Add magenta

11. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
Add red
1 or 2
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree

12. What light source has the highest color temperature?
Levels adjustment
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
a sensor (or film's) sensitivity to light
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

13. Contrast measures what in a print?
Shutter speed & aperture
Blown highlights
8 stops
The difference between light and dark.

14. A lens with a very wide angle of view and produces barrel distortion is what kind of lens?
Fisheye
Add blue
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)

15. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
Front lighting
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).

16. What are luminance and illuminance?
sRGB
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Lasso tool

17. What is interpolated resolution?
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
One stop less

18. What are the effects of top lighting?
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Short lighting.
ISO
A raster image

19. Daylight is approximately what color temperature?
Blown highlights
5 -000 Kelvin
Aperture and shutter
5000K

20. When the additive primaries are mixed together equally - what is created?
Parallax
aperture diameter
9
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)

21. In a curves adjustment layer - what does the shape of the curve indicate?
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Depth of field
Variations command
Contrast

22. A magic wand tool is used for what?
3200 Kelvin
lens-to-subject distance
Add magenta
Selecting portions of the image based on color

23. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
Follow focus
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Variations command

24. What are IPTC fields used for?
Infinity
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Shutter-priority
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

25. The relative aperture is equal to the lens focal length divided by what?
aperture diameter
It increases
Blue
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree

26. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Total number of pixels
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.

27. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed - what mode are you working in?
Aperture-priority
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Depth of field
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.

28. When buying a lens hood - you should get it in what size relative to the lens?

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29. What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject?
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
flat - low contrast light
Blown highlights

30. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
four times more
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Follow focus
Lower

31. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
Flat lighting
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
In the middle

32. Generally - traditional portraits use what lighting ratio?
3:1 or 4:1
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
A raster image
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta

33. All objects beyond the closest distance in focus will be sharp when this appears within the DOF scale.
Infinity
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Magenta
Actual Pixel view

34. This stores electronic images captured in a digital camera until they can be transferred to a computer.
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Short lighting

35. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
A mirror and pentaprism
All colors
Add red

36. How would you define exposure in mathematical terms?
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Aperture
Small light source at an angle to the subject

37. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
Follow focus
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
3200 Kelvin
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color

38. What does a neutral density filter do?
Add red
Zoom lens
Lasso tool
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.

39. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
White (255)
Shutter speed & aperture
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

40. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
Add magenta
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Add green
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

41. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very dark scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
aperture diameter
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.

42. Blue is opposite what color on the color wheel?
Soft proofing
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Yellow
A RAW file that has been altered

43. What color is between Magenta and Cyan on the color wheel?
A RAW file that has been altered
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Add yellow
Blue

44. What is the best color profile for web images?
A change in illumination
Additive (R - G - B)
sRGB
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.

45. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
Follow focus
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

46. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
Zoom lens
Half as much light
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Levels adjustment

47. What is a Bit?
Actual Pixel view
Reflected light meter
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.

48. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
The amount of information contained in each pixel
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
JPEG

49. In a digital image - the images file sizes corresponds to the total number of what in the image?
Total number of pixels
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
sRGB
Infinity

50. A color image with smooth gradiations requires at least what bit depth?
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)
Fisheye