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Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Copyright law has certain built-in exceptions that allow for special situations in using copyrighted material. They are called what?
Parallax
Follow focus
Metamerism
Fair Use

2. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
Flat lighting
Soft proofing
Metadata
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

3. What angle of view does an incident meter read?
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
256
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Very wide at about 180 degrees

4. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
stopped down
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color

5. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture.
Shutter-Priority
Add blue
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
5000K

6. If an image is too cyan - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Add red
Yellow
Zoom lens

7. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Add green
Contrast

8. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Fisheye
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

9. Convex lenses cause light rays to do what?
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
In the middle
Blue
Flat lighting

10. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Actual Pixel view
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.

11. Perspective is affected by what?
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Short lighting.
lens-to-subject distance
Add green

12. Printers use what set of colors?
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
A raster image
Aperture and shutter
Subtractive primaries (plus black)

13. Generally - traditional portraits use what lighting ratio?
3:1 or 4:1
Add magenta
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Fisheye

14. A histogram shows what in an image?
Magenta
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
Blown highlights

15. Daylight is approximately what color temperature?
5 -000 Kelvin
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Add yellow

16. What is the best color profile for web images?
Blue & Green
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
lens-to-subject distance
sRGB

17. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
A high contrast image
Selecting portions of the image based on color

18. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

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19. What would you use an ICC profile for?
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
8 stops
Add red
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

20. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
Soft proofing
Half as much light
Because you can move in close to the subject
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

21. A histogram with peaks on either end of the histogram and a deep valley in between represents what?
In the middle
A high contrast image
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Aperture

22. What light source has the highest color temperature?
ISO
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

23. What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face?
sensor
A RAW file that has been altered
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
Short lighting

24. If your print will be viewed mostly under window light - what is the suggested Kelvin temperature of the lights you should use to evaluate your print?
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Convex
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
5000K

25. In a digital image - the images file sizes corresponds to the total number of what in the image?
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Total number of pixels
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
lens-to-subject distance

26. When the additive primaries are mixed together equally - what is created?
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
The impression human vision gives
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Add green

27. Panning does what?
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Because you can move in close to the subject
3200 Kelvin
Small light source at an angle to the subject

28. The area of acceptable sharpness in an image is called what?
5000K
256
ISO
Depth of field

29. What color is opposite Green on the color wheel?
Cyan
Snoot
Magenta
Variations command

30. Cyan is composed of equal parts of what two colors?
Cyan
Metamerism
Blue & Green
3200 Kelvin

31. Doubling the aperture setting creates how many stops difference in the amount of light reaching the sensor?
One stop
Metamerism
Blue
9

32. This viewing option gives you the most accurate version of your image in Photoshop.
Glossy paper
Fair Use
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Actual Pixel view

33. If an image is too yellow - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
The difference between light and dark.
Convex
Add blue

34. What kind of lighting pattern places the key light directly in front of and higher than the face?
A mirror and pentaprism
Convex
Zoom lens
Butterfly lighting

35. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
Shutter speed & aperture
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Contrast
Cyan

36. What is an element and where is it found?
One stop
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Add yellow
Follow focus

37. If an image is too blue - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Yellow
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
8 bits
Add yellow

38. This type of backup system is fault-tolerant because it creates redundant data.
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
RAID system
One stop less

39. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Follow focus
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
All colors

40. The term to describe the combination of aperture and shutter speed that can be changed by moving them in opposite directions.
Reciprocal relationship
5 -000 Kelvin
Aperture-priority
Shutter-Priority

41. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Aperture-priority
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
The impression human vision gives

42. The amount of motion blur in an image will increase if you do what?
Zoom lens
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Contrast
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed

43. What is the term used to describe a sensor's sensitivity to light?
9
High Dynamic Range
ISO
A RAW file that has been altered

44. What does the term "stop" mean?
A change in illumination
Fisheye
1 or 2
1920 pixels by 2400 pixels (4.6 million pixels)

45. Digital cameras use what set of primary colors?
Flat lighting
Add blue
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Additive (R - G - B)

46. Sharpness from near to far is controlled by what?
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Shutter-Priority
Aperture
Small light source at an angle to the subject

47. A color image with smooth gradiations requires at least what bit depth?
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Blown highlights
lens-to-subject distance
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker

48. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
Convex
Fisheye
Short lighting.
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

49. When mixed in varying proportion - the subtractive primary colors produce what?
5000K
White (255)
Blue & Green
All colors

50. In short lighting - where is the main light placed?
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
3:1 or 4:1
Blue
sensor

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