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Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Zoom lens
256

2. A ring of thin - overlapping leaves located inside the lens is called what?
A RAW file that has been altered
Contrast
sensor
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.

3. What are the effects of high side lighting?
sensor
Blue
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
emphasizes textures

4. A magic wand tool is used for what?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Selecting portions of the image based on color
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.

5. What does a neutral density filter do?
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Shutter-priority
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.

6. Digital cameras use what set of primary colors?
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Snoot
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Additive (R - G - B)

7. Name 2 ways you can decrease depth of field.
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
9
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

8. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Convex
Front lighting
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor

9. If an image is too green - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add magenta
Yellow
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

10. A normal (or standard) focal length lens approximates what?
The impression human vision gives
Total number of pixels
Broad lighting
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

11. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
Metadata
Dynamic range
Levels adjustment
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject

12. What is a color profile?
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
emphasizes textures
Cyan
High Dynamic Range

13. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
Flat lighting
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
1/250th
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically

14. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Add green
ISO
Total number of pixels

15. A tonal correction cannot be accomplished by using a...
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
hue/saturation adjustment layer
Yellow
Blown highlights

16. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture.
Half as much light
Shutter-Priority
Metamerism
Shutter speed & aperture

17. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
Aperture-Priority
Add yellow
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Metadata

18. This type of file format compresses images by discarding pixels; therefore - each time an images is compressed - it loses pixels.
Lasso tool
JPEG
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
International Organization for Standardization

19. When the subtractive primaries are added together equally - what is created?
Shutter speed & aperture
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
Add green

20. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
The amount of information contained in each pixel
All colors
Depth of field
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

21. What kind of meter is built in to most cameras?
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
A new layer
Reflected light meter

22. Generally - how much exposure compensation (in stops) should be used when using a polarizing filter?
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Lower
1 1/3 stops
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree

23. In a digital image - the images file sizes corresponds to the total number of what in the image?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Total number of pixels
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

24. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
Add magenta
Blown highlights
1 or 2
8 stops

25. What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens?
Metamerism
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.

26. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
One stop
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Because you can move in close to the subject

27. Contrast measures what in a print?
Short lighting
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
The difference between light and dark.

28. Going clockwise around the color wheel - starting with RED - what is the progression of colors?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Actual Pixel view
The amount of information contained in each pixel

29. When the size of the aperture is decreased - it is said to be what?
stopped down
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
Flat lighting

30. A lens with a very wide angle of view and produces barrel distortion is what kind of lens?
Blue & Green
Short lighting.
Fisheye
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.

31. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
Zoom lens
Aperture and shutter
Blue
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

32. How would you define exposure in mathematical terms?
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Cyan
One stop less

33. What would you use an ICC profile for?
Actual Pixel view
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

34. What is the usable exposure range - or range of subject brightness called?
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Dynamic range
Glossy paper
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.

35. Photoshop's command for a simple way to start using color balance is what?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Variations command
High Dynamic Range
stopped down

36. Focal length controls what?
Blue
Depth of field
Selecting portions of the image based on color
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view

37. How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash?
One stop
Change the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed - the lighter the background will be. The faster the shutter speed - the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Add cyan

38. As the aperture becomes smaller - what happens to the depth of field?
Magenta
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Parallax
It increases

39. In a curves adjustment layer - what does the shape of the curve indicate?
Blue & Green
No
Contrast
Half as much light

40. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
One stop less
Additive (R - G - B)
1 or 2
Metadata

41. What angle should a polarizing filter be to the sun for best results?
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Aperture and shutter
RAID system

42. The term "ISO speed" is used to describe what?

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43. What is the best color profile for web images?
sRGB
5000K
lens-to-subject distance
Blue

44. What is the optical resolution on a scanner defined as?
lens-to-subject distance
Reflected light meter
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.

45. What is TTL?
Butterfly lighting
Because you can move in close to the subject
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Magenta

46. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well. Move the lights to adjust.
256
Aperture-Priority

47. What is a derivative file?
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
Lasso tool
Cyan
A RAW file that has been altered

48. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
Infinity
Cyan
A mirror and pentaprism
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color

49. What does side lighting emphasize?
emphasizes textures
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Shutter-priority
JPEG

50. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Front lighting

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