Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. A filter with a factor of 2 requires how many stops of compensation?

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2. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Use and adjustment layer
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Add green
Snoot

3. The smallest unit of digital information is called a what?
A RAW file that has been altered
Levels adjustment
Bit
Follow focus

4. The amount of motion blur in an image will increase if you do what?
Lasso tool
International Organization for Standardization
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Glossy paper

5. If you must move to reduce the amount of flash reaching your subject - how far do you move?
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Because you can move in close to the subject
emphasizes textures

6. Generally - traditional portraits use what lighting ratio?
3:1 or 4:1
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors

7. As the aperture is stopped down - what happens to sharpness?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Additive (R - G - B)
four times more

8. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
9
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Lasso tool

9. What do TTL systems react to?
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
A RAW file that has been altered
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
A new layer

10. An SLR camera uses what to allow you to see exactly what you'll photograph?
A mirror and pentaprism
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Convex
Black (0)

11. What determines what will be a 'normal' focal length lens on a particular camera?
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Reflected light meter
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Follow focus

12. Printers use what set of colors?
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
In the middle
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
One stop

13. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
Use and adjustment layer
Shutter speed & aperture
Front lighting
sRGB

14. What are quad- and hex- tone printing?
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
Contrast
Soft proofing
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject

15. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

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16. Daylight is approximately what color temperature?
5 -000 Kelvin
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
One stop

17. Panning does what?
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Add blue
Levels adjustment
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background

18. What is a thyristor?
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.

19. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
High Dynamic Range
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

20. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
A mirror and pentaprism
Front lighting
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Broad lighting

21. A general purpose lens will provide an f-stop range of up to how many?
four times more
8 stops
Add green
A raster image

22. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
The sensor that converts the image from analog to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
The amount of light reflected back from the subject during exposure.
Yellow
More of the background and foreground are sharp.

23. This light modifier can be used to highlight a specific area of the subject.
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
Snoot
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)

24. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
Because you can move in close to the subject
Very wide at about 180 degrees
Aperture-Priority
Levels adjustment

25. A color image with smooth gradiations requires at least what bit depth?
Aperture
Aperture and shutter
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors

26. What is an element and where is it found?
Glossy paper
stopped down
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

27. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color

28. What Photoshop tool allows you to select an area of any size or shape by drawing freehand?
Lasso tool
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
stopped down
Levels adjustment

29. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Depth of field

30. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed - what mode are you working in?
Incident light meter
ISO
Aperture-priority
3:1 or 4:1

31. What kind of meter is built in to most cameras?
5000K
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
Reflected light meter

32. What is a flag?
Shutter-priority
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
It increases

33. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
8 bits
No
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
Short lighting.

34. What is the inverse square law?
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.
It increases
Aperture-Priority
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.

35. What is focal length - technically?
aperture diameter
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Metamerism

36. What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent?
White (255)
9
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).

37. The greatest tonal range from black to white is achievable on what kind of paper?
Glossy paper
Add red
Follow focus
sRGB

38. This stores electronic images captured in a digital camera until they can be transferred to a computer.
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
emphasizes textures
256
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card

39. Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens?
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
The difference between light and dark.
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
1/250th

40. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
Zoom lens
four times more
3200 Kelvin
Parallax

41. This viewing option gives you the most accurate version of your image in Photoshop.
Add yellow
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
Actual Pixel view
In the middle

42. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very dark scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
stopped down
Convex
Shutter-priority
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.

43. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
Add red
A high contrast image
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
four times more

44. To emphasize texture in a portrait - what kind of light source is recommended?
It increases
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Black (0)

45. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Lasso tool
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."

46. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
Metadata
Contrast
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Because you can move in close to the subject

47. Using this kind of automatic exposure setting on the camera - you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed.
Infrared
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Aperture-Priority

48. What angle of view does a reflected light meter read?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
White (255)
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Aperture-priority

49. According to the rule of thirds - where should the important parts of an image fall?
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Variations command
Short lighting.
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.

50. What are luminance and illuminance?
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
White (255)
Dynamic range
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor