Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How is brightness and contrast best controlled in Photoshop?
The sensor's sensitivity to light
All colors
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Levels adjustment

2. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
Convex
Depth of field
90 degrees. If using to eliminate reflections - it should be used at 35 degrees.

3. What image adjustment tool uses a histogram display to alter an image?
One stop
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
All colors
Levels adjustment

4. What color is between Magenta and Cyan on the color wheel?
Blue
Blown highlights
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

5. How does 'unsharp mask' work?
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
hue/saturation adjustment layer
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare

6. What are IPTC fields used for?
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
flat - low contrast light

7. Bit depth refers to what?
Aperture-Priority
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
The amount of information contained in each pixel
White (255)

8. Most inkjet printers intended for photographic printing include light and dark inks of all of the colors except for one. Which color ink is usually available only in one density?
1 or 2
Yellow
lens-to-subject distance
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.

9. What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject?
Broad lighting
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area
Blue
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors

10. If an image is too green - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
5000K
four times more
Add magenta
Yellow

11. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
The brightness of all the pixels in an image
The sensor's sensitivity to light
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Selecting portions of the image based on color

12. What kind of film can help reduce haze in a landscape?
Infrared
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Metamerism
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)

13. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
Blue
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
four times more
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

14. What is TTL?
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
No
International Organization for Standardization
Metadata fields that hold info on photographer - subject - and use.

15. Color systems divide all colors into which three measurements?
Yellow
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject
Hue - Luminance - Saturation

16. What is a BYTE?
A light-sensitive cell or sensor inside a flash unit that measures the amount of light reflecting off a subject when a flash is used.
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
1 or 2
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.

17. Blue is opposite what color on the color wheel?
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Yellow
1 or 2

18. What is focal length - technically?
Metamerism
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Add cyan

19. Maximum depth of field at a given aperture is achieved by focusing at what?
High Dynamic Range
Hyperfocal distance. A lens focused at the hyperfocal distance has depth of field extending from approximately half the hyperfocal distance to infinity - whereas a lens focused at infinity has a depth of field only at infinity.
1 1/3 stops
sensor

20. A lens with a very wide angle of view and produces barrel distortion is what kind of lens?
Variations command
Fisheye
Infrared
White (255)

21. Why does a short lens create wide-angle distortion?
Because you can move in close to the subject
Add green
Small light source at an angle to the subject
No

22. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Flat lighting
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.

23. 8 bits per pixel gives you how many colors?
ISO
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
A new layer
256

24. Daylight is approximately what color temperature?
A mirror and pentaprism
Levels adjustment
Infrared
5 -000 Kelvin

25. Going clockwise around the color wheel - starting with RED - what is the progression of colors?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
9
Magenta
1) Use a longer lens; 2) Move closer to the subject

26. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Total number of pixels
An 8-BIT sequence that represents 256 possibilities - black & white & 254 shades of grey. The size of a file is the number of bytes it contains.

27. What are luminance and illuminance?
Use and adjustment layer
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
8 bits
In the middle

28. Printers use what set of colors?
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Parallax
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
A high contrast image

29. What is the CCD or CMOS sensor?

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30. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the shutter speed and the camera sets the aperture - what mode are you working in?
1 1/3 stops
Shutter-priority
Add blue
One stop

31. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
emphasizes textures
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
Shutter speed & aperture
The entire range of colors that can be seen - reproduced - or captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.

32. In the 20th century - black & white photographers used the Zone system to tame excessive contrast. Now - digital photographers use what?
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
High Dynamic Range
Additive (R - G - B)

33. What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject?
The impression human vision gives
It increases
flat - low contrast light
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

34. When the additive primaries are mixed together equally - what is created?
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
flat - low contrast light
Half as much light
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)

35. A lens set at f/4 admits how much more/less light than one set at f/2.8?
Short lighting
Infrared
Half as much light
ISO

36. What is the name of the issue that prevents you from seeing exactly what the lens sees when using a rangefinder camera?
Parallax
A change in illumination
Magenta
A RAW file that has been altered

37. The rule of thirds necessitates that the composition be divided into a grid of now many equal rectangles or squares?
The distance between the lens rear nodal point and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Levels adjustment
Short lighting
9

38. This kind of lens has a variable focal length.
To strike the side of the face away from the camera.
Zoom lens
One stop less
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject

39. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
stopped down
Metadata
Because you can move in close to the subject
Contrast

40. To emphasize texture in a portrait - what kind of light source is recommended?
8 bits
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Follow focus
Small light source at an angle to the subject

41. How much resolution do you need for: Internet? Newspaper? Photographic print? Glossy magazine?
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Cyan
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
The intensity of the illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from light to subject. At twice the distance from the subject - the light illuminates only 1/4 of the original.

42. What is interpolated resolution?
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Total number of pixels
Fisheye
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.

43. What color is opposite Red on the color wheel?
Cyan
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
A raster image
8 stops

44. When the subtractive primaries are added together equally - what is created?
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Aperture and shutter
It increases
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan

45. What does "photomacrograph" or "macrophotograph" mean?
Shutter speed & aperture
Small light source at an angle to the subject
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
Dynamic range

46. In a digital image - the images file sizes corresponds to the total number of what in the image?
Red - Yellow - Green - Cyan - Blue - Magenta
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Total number of pixels
Selectively blocking light during print exposure to lighten the area

47. What kind of lighting pattern is best for average oval faces and round faces you want to slim?
Short lighting.
Add cyan
It should match the focal length. Too wide and it's inefficient; too narrow and it will vignette; most likely to occur with wide angle of 28mm and below.
Parallax

48. All objects beyond the closest distance in focus will be sharp when this appears within the DOF scale.
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
Lasso tool
Glossy paper
Infinity

49. A normal (or standard) focal length lens approximates what?
sensor
The impression human vision gives
Metamerism
Flat lighting

50. An image made of pixels is sometimes called what?
A raster image
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Use and adjustment layer