Test your basic knowledge |

Certified Professional Photographer

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent?
Because you can move in close to the subject
Selecting portions of the image based on color
Black (0)
Snoot

2. Stopping a lens down from f/8 to f/16 represents a X stop difference.
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
5000K
1 1/3 stops

3. The useable exposure range of a sensor - or the range of subject brightness is called what?
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
four times more
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.

4. What is the term used to describe data contained in a digital image?
Metamerism
Metadata
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Direct sun at 11 -000 Kelvin

5. What is the effect of front lighting?
Subtractive primaries (plus black)
The number of pixels per unit of length in a image
Flattens out the volume of the subject and minimizes textures
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.

6. What is the best color profile for web images?
The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no - black or white.
sRGB
Bit
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

7. This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused.
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
International Organization for Standardization
emphasizes textures
Follow focus

8. Most lenses are sharpest closed down to how many stops from the widest?
On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
emphasizes textures
With the Main at 45 degrees to one side and 45 degrees above subject - it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and models the face into 3D form.
1 or 2

9. What are the three main factors that affect depth of field?
Aperture - focal length - and distance to the subject
Add cyan
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
International Organization for Standardization

10. Contrast measures what in a print?
emphasizes textures
The difference between light and dark.
A high contrast image
A raster image

11. If an image is too magenta - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Add green
Inkjet black & white printing where color cartridges are replaced with shades of gray - resulting in smooth tones and slight color cast
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
Blue

12. What is burning?
Selectively increasing print exposure - which will make select parts of the image darker
The sensor's sensitivity to light
The pixels per inch a scanner is capable of capturing often described as two numbers (i.e. 1200x2400)
Contrast

13. A histogram with peaks on either end of the histogram and a deep valley in between represents what?
Also called a gobo; it is a small panel usually mounted on a stand that shades some part of the subject or shields the lens from light that could cause flare
Metamerism
3:1 or 4:1
A high contrast image

14. What color is opposite Green on the color wheel?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
Magenta
JPEG

15. The term to describe the combination of aperture and shutter speed that can be changed by moving them in opposite directions.
The impression human vision gives
More of the background and foreground are sharp.
Reciprocal relationship
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject

16. An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8 - 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject?

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17. What kind of film can help reduce haze in a landscape?
A new layer
Lasso tool
9
Infrared

18. What is TTL?
Along the lines of an imaginary grid at intersecting points that divide the image into thirds horizontally and vertically
Through the Lens. A camera that can automatically control flash exposure using sensors inside the camera.
Aperture and shutter
Shutter-Priority

19. A color image with smooth gradiations requires at least what bit depth?
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
24 bits per pixel (8 per color) - which gives 16 -777 -216 colors
The amount of information contained in each pixel
Bit

20. To minimize facial wrinkles - this type of lighting is best.
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Front lighting
Blown highlights

21. when adjusting an image with levels - if you want to make any color neutral quickly - what would you do?
1 1/3 stops
1 or 2
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color

22. When doing close-up work - what happens to the depth of field when the subject is closer to the lens?
four times more
Infinity
Aperture-priority
It decreases. A 50mm lens at 12 inches and f/4 has a DOF of 1/16th of an inch. At f/11 - it increases to only 1/2 an inch.

23. If you're working with an automatic camera and you set the aperture and the camera sets the shutter speed - what mode are you working in?
Aperture-priority
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Use negative exposure compensation (underexpose). The meter will attempt to make the dark scene 18% grey - underexpose to bring it back to dark.
Magenta

24. What angle of view does a spot meter read?
Short lighting
Relative aperture. The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce the same f-stops.
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
No

25. What is a color profile?
Aperture-Priority
High Dynamic Range
A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
Incident light meter

26. What does ISO stand for?
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color
Soft proofing
Black (0)
International Organization for Standardization

27. What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject?
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
flat - low contrast light
Magenta
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi

28. The histogram of a properly exposed grey card will show a vertical bar where on the histogram?
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
In the middle
Maybe as little as 0.5 degrees or 1 degree
A high contrast image

29. The quantity of light that reaches your sensor is controlled by what?
Shutter speed & aperture
Half as much light
Two (f/8 > f/11 > f/16)
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

30. In a 2:1 ratio - the shadow side of the subject would meter at X stop(s) less than the highlight side.
Shutter-priority
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)
One stop less

31. When the additive primaries are mixed together equally - what is created?
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
sensor
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)

32. Aperture controls what?
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
factor of 2 = 1 stop compensation. (Each time a factor doubles - it's one additional stop)
emphasizes textures
Blue & Green

33. Can you save layers in a JPEG file format?
Shutter-priority
No
Glossy paper
dynamic range (not to be confused with gamut)

34. Panning does what?
Keeps a moving subject sharp while blurring the background
Glossy paper
A mirror and pentaprism
White (additive primaries are Red - Green Blue)

35. Most modern lenses are based on this kind of lens.
Hue - Luminance - Saturation
Convex
A simple lens with two curved sides or one curved and one flat side; found in a compound lens.
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.

36. What color is opposite Red on the color wheel?
Glossy paper
Cyan
Black. Subtractive primaries are Magenta - Yellow - Cyan
sensor

37. Digital cameras use what set of primary colors?
It increases
Additive (R - G - B)
1) Use a shorter focal length; 2) Move farther away from the subject
1/250th

38. If an image is too red - what color adjustment should be made in Photoshop to correct it?
Similar to a normal lens at about 30 degrees
Add cyan
The brightness of the light that reaches the sensor
sensor

39. An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at f/8. For a correct exposure - what should you do?
Add cyan
1 or 2
Use positive exposure compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray - employ overexposure to adjust.
Shutter speed & aperture

40. The area of acceptable sharpness in an image is called what?
To create a 1-stop difference - multiply the original distance by 1.4. Example - if you were originally 5 feet away - a 1-stop difference would have you step back to 7 feet.
Luminance is light reflected from the subject (measured by a reflected-light meter) - while Illuminance is light falling on a subject (as measured with an incident light meter)
Depth of field
Click with the neutral-point dropper on the selected color

41. What would you use an ICC profile for?
A mirror and pentaprism
emphasizes textures
To send accurate color requirements to a printer.
sRGB

42. According to the Inverse Square Law - at a distance of 10 feet from a flash - the area illuminated receives how much more/less light than the area illuminated at 20 feet from the flash?
Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color balance.
No
four times more
1/250th

43. What determines what will be a 'normal' focal length lens on a particular camera?
Because you can move in close to the subject
Sensor size - the larger the sensor size - the longer the focal length of a normal lens. (Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
The sensor's sensitivity to light
The impression human vision gives

44. What are the effects of top lighting?
(X times Y = exposure) Intensity (aperture) x Time (shutter)
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
Internet = 72 dpi; Newspaper = 150 dpi; Photographic print = 240-300 dpi; Gloss magazine = 400 dpi
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.

45. To produce optimal sharpness - detail - and resolution - is a higher or lower ISO setting better?
Lower
Add yellow
Creates deep shadows in eye pockets - under nose - and chin.
Shutter-Priority

46. The amount of motion blur in an image will increase if you do what?
It emphasizes the edges between tones. A threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal difference and minimizes noise.
lengthen (or slow) the shutter speed
Add blue
Close-ups that are life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."

47. Focal length controls what?
The sensor's sensitivity to light
1) Magnification - or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of view
hue/saturation adjustment layer
RAID system

48. Generally - how much exposure compensation (in stops) should be used when using a polarizing filter?
Lasso tool
Bit
Total number of pixels
1 1/3 stops

49. Name 3 ways to make a tonal adjustment in Photoshop.
bend toward each other and converge at the focal point.
Curves adjustment; Levels adjustment; Brighteness/Contrast adjustment
Butterfly lighting
Lasso tool

50. This stores electronic images captured in a digital camera until they can be transferred to a computer.
The diaphragm - the mechanism that controls aperture.
aperture diameter
Memory card / flash card / compact flash card
The diagonal measurement of the sensor.