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Civil Engineering Vocab

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The property of a material or soil that permits considerable movement of water through it when it is saturated.






2. OE The pressure at a specific elevation exerted by a body of water at rest - or _ In the case of groundwater - the pressure at a specific elevation due to the weight of water at higher levels in the same zone of saturation.






3. The excess water running off from the surface of a drainage area during and immediately after a period of rain. See STORM RUNOFF.






4. A preliminary plan showing proposed ultimate site development. Master plans often comprise site work that must be executed in phases over a long time and are thus subject to drastic modification.






5. Masonry composed of irregularly shaped stones laid without regularity of coursing - but well bonded.






6. A railing composed of balusters capped by a handrail.






7. Sand - silt - gravel and rocks carried or washed into a collection system by infiltration water flows.






8. A receptacle designed to collect and retain grease and fatty substances usually found in kitchens or from similar wastes. It is installed in the drainage system between the kitchen or other point of production of the waste and the building wastewater






9. A sewer that receives wastewater from many tributary branches or sewers and serves a large territory and contributing population.






10. Acronym for 'Computer Aided (i.e. - Assisted) Design and Drafting -' a digital design process in which landscape architects use computers to help produce precise drawings and details for the construction of a project.






11. A pipe or conduit that carries wastewater or drainage water. The term 'collection line' is often used also.






12. A wastewater treatment process used to convert dissolved or suspended materials into a form more readily separated from the water being treated. Usually the process follows primary treatment by sedimentation. The process commonly is a type of biologi






13. Masonry composed of roughly shaped stones - well bonded and brought at irregular intervals vertically to discontinuous but approximately level beds or courses.






14. A plan for conserving or protecting various natural or manufactured resources. Such a plan is used as a management tool in making decisions regarding soil - water - vegetation - manufactured objects and other resources at a particular site.






15. The running off of water from a land surface or subsurface - such as through sewers or natural means.






16. A manhole in which the rate of the water entering is greater than the capacity of the outlet under gravity flow conditions. When the water in the manhole rises above the top of the outlet pipe - the manhole is said to be 'surcharged.'






17. A small tank (usually covered) or a storage facility used to store water for a home or farm. Often used to store rainwater.






18. A sewer pipe to which building laterals are connected. Also called a COLLECTION MAIN.






19. The conversion of large solid particles of sludge into very fine particles which either dissolve or remain suspended in wastewater.






20. A network of pipes - manholes - cleanouts - traps - siphons - lift stations and other structures used to collect all wastewater and wastewatercarried wastes of an area and transport them to a treatment plant or disposal system. The collection system






21. Material used to fill in a trench or excavation






22. Broken stones - boulders - or other materials placed compactly or irregularly on levees or dikes for the protection of earth surfaces against the erosive action of waves.






23. In landscape architecture - the organization of areas of land for specific aesthetic or functional purposes. This can range from creating small backyard patios to huge urban plazas.






24. A conservation group that maintains a revolving fund for quickly buying land that is in danger of being developed inappropriately or without regard to proper environmental considerations.






25. The lay of the land - particularly its slope and drainage patterns; the science of drawing maps and charts or otherwise representing the surface features of a region or site - including its natural and man-made features.






26. A reservoir for the storage of filtered water of sufficient capacity to prevent the need to vary the filtration rate with variations in demand. Also used to provide chlorine contact time for disinfection.






27. Regulations specifying the type of construction methods and materials that are allowable on a project.






28. A rough guess of the amount of flow in a collection system. When greater accuracy is needed - flow could be computed using average or typical flow quantities. Even greater accuracy would result from metering or otherwise measuring the actual flow.






29. An agency of the U.S. Department of Agriculture - primarily responsible for planning and overseeing the use of national forest lands by private - commercial and government users.






30. A branch of biology dealing with the relationship between living things and their environment.






31. The gathering of a gas - liquid - or dissolved substance on the surface or interface zone of another material. Advanced Waste Treatment (water) n Any process of water renovation that upgrades treated wastewater to meet specific reuse requirements. Ma






32. A manhole located at the upstream end of a sewer and having no inlet pipe. Also called a TERMINAL MANHOLE.






33. An arrangement of pipes - equipment - devices - tanks and structures for treating wastewater and industrial wastes. A water pollution control plant.






34. A relatively clear or forested area left untouched in or near a city. It may be active open space - such as a baseball field - or passive open space - such as an area of natural woodland.






35. The man-made creation of or alterations to a specific area - including its natural resources. This is in contrast to the 'natural environment.'






36. Load applied along or parallel to and concentric with the primary axis






37. A groundwater table that is changed by artificial means. Examples of activities that artificially raise the level of a groundwater table include agricultural irrigation - dams and excessive sewer line exfiltration. A groundwater table can be artifici






38. A 19th- and 20th-century planned community traditionally featuring careful mixes of housing - open space - commercial activity and recreation. Examples include Reston - Va. - and Columbia - Md. - in the United States - and Harlow and Stevenage in Gre






39. A legal means of protecting beautiful views and associated aesthetic quality along a site by restricting change in existing features without government approval.






40. The force that resists the separation of two bodies in contact.






41. Downward movement of the soil or of a structure which it supports






42. The condition of water or soil which contains a sufficient amount of acid substances to lower the pH below 7.0.






43. A road laid through a garden or park-like landscape - usually with median and roadside plantings.






44. The slope of a plot of land. Grading is the mechanical process of moving earth changing the degree of rise or descent of the land in order to establish good drainage and otherwise suit the intent of a landscape design.






45. Any attempt to restore to beneficial use land that has lost its fertility and stability; most often applies to mining reclamation - such as the restoration of strip mines and quarries.






46. A pipe or conduit (sewer) intended to carry wastewater or waterborne wastes from homes - businesses - and industries to the POTW (Publicly Owned Treatment Works). Storm water runoff or unpolluted water should be collected and transported in a separat






47. The natural elements with which landscape architects work - such as plant materials and the soil itself.






48. Water that does not contain objectionable pollution - contamination - minerals - or infective agents and is considered satisfactory for drinking.






49. Post at which the railing terminates at each floor level.






50. Installation of pumps to lift wastewater to a higher elevation in places where flat land would require excessively deep sewer trenches. Also used to raise wastewater from areas too low to drain into available collection lines. These stations may be e







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