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Civil Engineering Vocab

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A sewer designed to carry both sanitary wastewaters and storm or surface water runoff.






2. The precipitation that cannot be absorbed by the soil and flows across the surface by gravity. The water that reaches a stream by traveling over the soil surface or falls directly into the stream channels - including not only the large permanent stre






3. The science and art of design - planning - management and stewardship of the land. Landscape architecture involves natural and built elements - cultural and scientific knowledge - and concern for resource conservation to the end that the resulting en






4. Opening in a sewer provided for the purpose of permitting operators or equipment to enter or leave a sewer. Sometimes called an 'access hole' or a 'maintenance hole.'






5. The gathering of a gas - liquid - or dissolved substance on the surface or interface zone of another material. Advanced Waste Treatment (water) n Any process of water renovation that upgrades treated wastewater to meet specific reuse requirements. Ma






6. The protection - improvement and use of natural resources according to principles that will assure the highest economic or social benefits for people and the environment now and in the future.






7. Regulations specifying the type of construction methods and materials that are allowable on a project.






8. The elements of supply inherent to an area that can be used to satisfy human needs - including air - soil - water - native vegetation - minerals and wildlife.






9. Soil that cannot absorb any more liquid. The interstices or void spaces in the soil are filled with water to the point at which runoff occurs.






10. The angle between a horizontal line andthe slope or surface of unsupported material such as gravel - sand -or loose soil. Also called the 'natural slope.'






11. Any designated use or activity on a piece of land.






12. Sewers are surcharged when the supply of water to be carried is greater than the capacity of the pipes to carry the flow. The surface of the wastewater in manholes rises above the top of the sewer pipe - and the sewer is under pressure or a head - ra






13. The condition of water or soil which contains a sufficient amount of acid substances to lower the pH below 7.0.






14. A mixture of storm or surface runoff and other wastewater such as domestic or industrial wastewater.






15. The oxidation ditch is a modified form of the activated sludge process. The ditch consists of two channels placed side by side and connected at the ends to produce one continuous loop of wastewater flow and a brush rotator assembly placed across the






16. Material used to provide a bedding or foundation for pipes or other underground structures. This material is of specified quality for desirable bedding or other characteristics and is often imported from a different location.






17. British thermal units; the quantity of thermal energy required to raise one pound of water at its maximum density - 1 degree F. One BTU is equivalent to .293 watt hours - or 252 calories. One kilowatt hour is equivalent to 3412 BTU Back Pressure (wat






18. A pipe or conduit that carries wastewater or drainage water. The term 'collection line' is often used also.






19. A preliminary plan showing proposed ultimate site development. Master plans often comprise site work that must be executed in phases over a long time and are thus subject to drastic modification.






20. The pipeline extending from the water main to the building served or to the consumer's system.






21. A dimensioned drawing indicating the form of an existing area and the physical objects existing in it and those to be built or installed upon it.






22. A special valve with a hinged disc or flap that opens in the direction of normal flow and is forced shut when flows attempt to go in the reverse or opposite direction of normal flows.






23. An authorization issued by a government agency allowing construction of a project according to approved plans and specifications.






24. A structure made of concrete or other durable material to protect bare soil from erosion by splashing or falling water.






25. Rain and snow water accumulated in the earth's porous rock.






26. Material used to fill in a trench or excavation






27. A sewer installed to connect two separate sewers. If one sewer becomes blocked - wastewater can back up and flow through the interconnector to the other sewer.






28. A water treatment process in which solid particles settle out of the water being treated in a large clarifier or sedimentation basin.






29. Movement of soil from one place to another. Generally accompanies SILTING of a sewer system. Where infiltration is taking place and silt is carried into a sewer system - such silt or soil is removed from the ground around the sewer pipe and the resul






30. A multinational organization of landscape architects whose purpose is the promotion of landscape design and planning.






31. Landscape architecture - (civil) engineering - urban planning and architecture. Agronomy is also often included in this group.






32. A reactor or basin in which baffles or other devices create a series of compartments. The environment and the resulting microbial population within each compartment can be controlled to some extent by the operator. The environmental conditions (food






33. Precipitation which has been rendered (made) acidic by airborne pollutants.






34. A legal form of land-use control and building regulations usually exercised by a municipal authority; usually involves setting aside of distinct land areas for specific purposes - such as commercial - educational or residential development.






35. Federal agency responsible for producing and managing many federally-funded public service programs - especially those affecting housing and public spaces.






36. Harmonious use of the land for more than one purpose; not necessarily the combination of uses that will yield the highest economic return - e.g. - a mix of residential and commercial developments in the same area.






37. A large pipe to which a series of smaller pipes are connected. Also called a HEADER.






38. A layer - usually of concrete or mortar - for providing continuous support to such items as bricks - slabs - pipes.






39. The process of adding air to water. Air can be added to water by either passing air through water or passing water through air. In wastewater treatment - air is added to freshen wastewater and to keep solids in suspension. With mixtures of wastewater






40. The form of the land. Contour lines are map lines connecting points of the same ground elevation and are used to depict and measure slope and drainage. Spot elevations are points of a specific elevation.






41. Installation of pumps to lift wastewater to a higher elevation in places where flat land would require excessively deep sewer trenches. Also used to raise wastewater from areas too low to drain into available collection lines. These stations may be e






42. A device that admits surface waters to the storm water drainage system. Also see CURB INLET and CATCH BASIN.






43. Broken stones - boulders - or other materials placed compactly or irregularly on levees or dikes for the protection of earth surfaces against the erosive action of waves.






44. Downstream opening or discharge end of a pipe - culvert - or canal.






45. The lay of the land - particularly its slope and drainage patterns; the science of drawing maps and charts or otherwise representing the surface features of a region or site - including its natural and man-made features.






46. The science and management of land - especially rural - agricultural land.






47. The slope of a plot of land. Grading is the mechanical process of moving earth changing the degree of rise or descent of the land in order to establish good drainage and otherwise suit the intent of a landscape design.






48. The running off of water from a land surface or subsurface - such as through sewers or natural means.






49. A trained builder or installer of landscapes - retained to implement the plans of landscape architects.






50. The amount of runoff that reaches the point of measurement within a relatively short period of time after the occurrence of a storm or other form of precipitation. Also called 'direct runoff.'







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