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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Biology: Principles Of Evolution
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Subjects
:
clep
,
science
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. ___________ speciation happens when members of a population develop some genetic difference that prevents them from reproducing with the parent type.
Fossils. A study of the fossil record helps to build a historical sequence of biological evolution of complex organisms from simple ancestors.
DNA
Bipedal
Sympatric
2. Heritable variations are called _____________ variations. Such variations arising from changes in DNA are passed on within families and to the offspring from the parents.
Genetic
Dinosaurs
Allele
Africa
3. __________ are the remains of organisms that lived in the past.
Fossils. A study of the fossil record helps to build a historical sequence of biological evolution of complex organisms from simple ancestors.
Natural selection
Evolution
Genetic drift
4. An allele may increase - or decrease - in frequency simply through ___________. Not every member of the population will become a parent and not every set of parents will produce the same number of offspring.
Chance
Connecting links
Sexually
Homologous
5. Primates evolved about approximately 30 million years ago in ___________. One branch of primates evolved into the Old and New World Monkeys - the other into the hominoids (the line of descent common to both apes and man).
Fossil
Africa
Elongation
Increase
6. ___________ is a specific explanation of similarity of form seen in the biological world. In genetics - it is used in reference to protein or DNA sequences - meaning that the given sequences share ancestry.
Protoplasm
Macroscopic.
Homology
Punctuated
7. _______________ is that branch of biology dealing with the identification and naming of organisms.
Adaptive radiation
Oxygen
Taxonomy
Fossils. A study of the fossil record helps to build a historical sequence of biological evolution of complex organisms from simple ancestors.
8. In the 1680s Ariaantje and Gerrit Jansz emigrated from Holland to South Africa - one of them bringing along an allele for the mild metabolic disease porphyria. Today more than 30000 South Africans carry this allele and - in every case examined - can
Founder.
Connecting links
Homo erectus
Intraspecific
9. As the finch population began to flourish in these advantageous conditions - ______________ competition became a factor - and resources on the islands were squeezed and could not sustain the population of the finches for long.
Baseline
Hardy-Weinberg
Triassic
Intraspecific
10. The __________ kingdom consists of one-celled organisms as well - but differs from the Monera kingdom in that it consists of eukaryotes.
Protista
Out-of-Africa
Creationism
Evolution
11. Biodiversity crashes during ________ extinctions. This has been a powerful force in evolution - wiping the slate clean of up to 96% of all species - and providing the survivors with a world full of opportunities into which they can diversify.
Africa
Mass
Homology
Comparative anatomy.
12. In general if two genes have an almost identical DNA sequence - it is likely that they are ____________.
Hunter-gatherer
Homologous
Change
DNA
13. Homo erectus was the first hominid to use ___________ - and have social structures for food gathering.
Struggle
Chance
Fire
Species
14. The Neolithic transition - about 10 -000 years ago - involved the change from __________-__________ societies to agricultural ones based on cultivation of plants and domesticated animals.
Evolved
Sexually
Hunter-gatherer
Embryos
15. Speciation by ____________ Equilibrium involves a group of creatures which gets isolated from the rest of their species.
Sickle Cell
Comparative anatomy.
Punctuated
Convergent
16. The Linnaean system uses two Latin name categories - ________ and species - to designate each type of organism.
Intraspecific
Genus
Kingdom
Change
17. Almost all _________ organisms are either plants or animals.
Mammals.
Macroscopic.
Homology
Mass
18. At some time in their life cycle - chordates have a pair of lateral gill slits or pouches used to obtain __________ in a liquid environment.
Mass
Creationism
Neanderthals
Oxygen
19. _________ evidence shows that the horse has undergone considerable evolutionary change over a period of 60 million years.
Africa
Convergent
Fossil
Intraspecific
20. For humans - the complete classification is: Kingdom (Animalia); Phylum (__________); Class (Mammalia); Order (Primates); Family (Hominidae); Genus (Homo); Species (Sapiens).
Phylum
Founder.
Code
Chordata
21. Because organisms are continually tested by their changing ______________ - their forms change to suit new conditions.
Struggle
Environment
Intraspecific
New World
22. Except for the tail fins - whales greatly resemble fish in outline - but are instead descended from four-legged land ___________.
Cold
Mammals.
Convergent
33 phyla
23. Some important structural changes during the evolution of horse are: Increase in size from 11' (Eohippus) to about 60' (Equus) - and ___________ of the head and neck so as that it can reach the ground.
Mutations
Evolution
Elongation
Adaptive radiation
24. Despite their image as brutish simpletons - _____________were the first humans to bury their dead with artifacts - indicating abstract thought - perhaps a belief in an after-life.
Neanderthals
Primates
Monera
Code
25. About 1.8 million years ago - early Homo gave rise to _______ ________ - the species thought to have been ancestral to our own.
Homo erectus
Fire
Allele
Protoplasm
26. _____________ struggle takes place between the individuals of different species.
Interspecific
Punctuated
Beneficial
Primates
27. Prior to the scientific discoveries of the past 200 years - _____________ from the Book Of Genesis described how living things came into being.
Creationism
Chordata
Sickle Cell
Taxonomy
28. ___________ evolution is an evolutionary process in which organisms not closely related independently acquire some characteristic or characteristics in common.
Biodiversity
Homo erectus
Primates
Convergent
29. A ____________ tree is a graphical means to depict the evolutionary relationships of a group of organisms.
Microevolution
Oxygen
Phylogenetic
Hunter-gatherer
30. _____________ can occur randomly - from radiation damage (impact with high energy g-rays or cosmic rays) - from exposure to chemical agents called mutagens - or simply by error in the DNA replication process.
Binomial
Mutations
Mollusca
Function
31. _________ ______ disease causes anemia - joint pain - a swollen spleen - and frequent - severe infections. It illustrates balanced polymorphism because carriers are resistant to malaria - an infection by the parasite that causes cycles of chills and
Bipedal
Sickle Cell
DNA
Binomial
32. _____________ is the end of a particular evolutionary line - the end of a species - a family - or a larger group of organisms.
Function
New World
Extinction
Homology
33. Jean Baptiste de Lamarck (1744-1829) developed one of the first theories on how species changed. Lamarck - in 1809 - concluded that organisms of higher complexity had __________ from preexisting - less complex organisms.
Mammals.
Analogy
Phylum
Evolved
34. Insect ____________ is also an example of convergent evolution - as for example when an edible (palatable) butterfly develops a color pattern similar to a relatively unrelated inedible (unpalatable) butterfly - and by so doing escapes being eaten.
Homo erectus
Sympatric
Taxonomy
Mimicry
35. Scientific classification sorts living organisms by _________ levels of classification - kingdom; phylum; class; order; family; genus; and species.
Homologous
New World
Seven
Elongation
36. Humans are ____________ - meaning we walk on two of our limbs. The amount of melanin in our skin is representative of the environment we live in - i.e. dark skinned people occupy hotter climates.
Change
Sympatric
Code
Bipedal
37. An important step toward the modern theory of evolution came in the 1760's - when Count George-Louis Leclerc de Buffon (1707-1788) published his Natural History of Animals with the idea that species __________ over time.
Biodiversity
Intraspecific
Change
Dinosaurs
38. Homology was defined by Darwin as similarity of structure and position - and distinguished from 'analogy -' which was defined as similarity of _____________ but not necessarily of structure and position.
Function
Interspecific
Binomial
Mollusca
39. The ____________ mammals occupy Australia - and differ from placental mammals because they bear their young inside a pouch (instead of a placenta).
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
Fungi
Evolved
DNA
40. Any change of _________ frequencies in a gene pool indicates that evolution has occurred. The Hardy-Weinberg law proposes that those factors that violate the conditions listed - cause evolution.
Triassic
Out-of-Africa
Allele
Embryos
41. There are certain animals with intermediate characters between two major groups of animals. They are called ___________ _____.
Interspecific
Continuity
Connecting links
Intraspecific
42. A ___________ can be defined as one or more populations of interbreeding organisms that are reproductively isolated in nature from all other organisms.
Genus
Chordata
Change
Species
43. Almost all living organisms use the same basic biochemical molecules - including DNA - ATP - and many identical or nearly identical enzymes. Organisms utilize the same DNA triplet base _________ and the same 20 amino acids in their proteins
Extinction
33 phyla
Cold
Code
44. When Charles Darwin was in the Galapagos islands - one of the first things he noticed is the variety of ___________ that existed on each of the islands.
Finches
Balanced
Natural selection
Homologous
45. All organisms are placed into one of five kingdoms: Monera - Protista - ________ - Plantae - Animalia.
Hardy-Weinberg
Fungi
Protoplasm
Genetic
46. Homology is also seen in the structure of eye - brain - joint appendages of arthropods - etc. It is thus evidence for ____________.
Fossils. A study of the fossil record helps to build a historical sequence of biological evolution of complex organisms from simple ancestors.
Creationism
Evolution
Africa
47. The mutation may be harmful (resulting in a reduced probability of survival for the organism involved) - ____________ (it might also do its intended job better) or merely neutral (no effect at all).
Beneficial
Fungi
Connecting links
Species
48. The most recent mass extinction - the K-T extinction at the end of the Cretaceous period - is best known for having wiped out the __________ .
Dinosaurs
Fossil
Phylum
New World
49. As populations diverge - they form similar but related species. When are two populations new species? When populations no longer _____________ they are thought to be separate species.
Change
Interbreed
Polymorphism
Founder.
50. _____________ struggle takes place between the individuals of the same species.
Monera
Intraspecific
Oxygen
Sickle Cell
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