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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Biology: Principles Of Evolution
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Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
science
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A ____________ tree is a graphical means to depict the evolutionary relationships of a group of organisms.
Environment
Connecting links
Seven
Phylogenetic
2. The _______-_________ Law states that an equilibrium of allele frequencies in a gene pool remains in effect in each succeeding generation of a sexually reproducing population if five conditions are met.
Seven
Homo erectus
Hunter-gatherer
Hardy-Weinberg
3. Members of the phylum _____________ have soft - unsegmented bodies that are usually - but not always - enclosed in hard shells.
Function
Mollusca
DNA
Kingdom
4. The __________ kingdom consists of one-celled organisms as well - but differs from the Monera kingdom in that it consists of eukaryotes.
Protista
Sickle Cell
Extinction
Allele
5. Extinctions - mostly at the level of species - have been occurring constantly at a low 'background rate' - usually matched by the rate at which new species appear - with the result that ____________ is constantly increasing.
Hunter-gatherer
Biodiversity
Homo erectus
Genus
6. Heritable variations are called _____________ variations. Such variations arising from changes in DNA are passed on within families and to the offspring from the parents.
Beneficial
Genetic
Interspecific
Finches
7. _____________ is the end of a particular evolutionary line - the end of a species - a family - or a larger group of organisms.
Homo erectus
Triassic
Continuity
Extinction
8. Darwin reported that all organisms tend to _____________ in a geometric ratio provided there are no environmental checks. Even slow breeding animals like the elephant may theoretically give rise to 19 million descendants in a period of 750 years.
Convergent
Increase
Microevolution
Creationism
9. Homology was defined by Darwin as similarity of structure and position - and distinguished from 'analogy -' which was defined as similarity of _____________ but not necessarily of structure and position.
Allele
Function
Biodiversity
Neanderthals
10. Organisms struggle for existence. Organisms with advantageous characters survive - while those which lack such variations perish. The advantageous characters are passed on to the offsprings generation after generation and the organisms become better
Mutations
Macroscopic.
Natural selection
Differential
11. The study of ____________ ____________ supports the claim of a common origin of organisms.
Comparative anatomy.
Taxonomy
New World
Dinosaurs
12. All organisms are placed into one of five kingdoms: Monera - Protista - ________ - Plantae - Animalia.
Fungi
Analogy
Sickle Cell
Somatic
13. Prior to the scientific discoveries of the past 200 years - _____________ from the Book Of Genesis described how living things came into being.
Change
Intraspecific
Creationism
Phylogenetic
14. _____________ struggle takes place between the individuals of the same species.
Finches
Environmental
Phylum
Intraspecific
15. About 2 million years ago - two groups developed: the australopithecines - generally smaller brained and not users of tools; and the line that led to genus _________ - larger brained and makers and users of tools.
Homo
Genetic
Sexually
Interbreed
16. There are certain animals with intermediate characters between two major groups of animals. They are called ___________ _____.
Neanderthals
Evolved
Connecting links
Code
17. The ______-____-______ Hypothesis proposes that some Homo erectus remained in Africa and continued to evolve into Homo sapiens - and left Africa about 100 -000-200 -000 years ago. From a single source - Homo sapiens replaced all populations of Homo e
Taxonomy
Struggle
Out-of-Africa
33 phyla
18. Homology is also seen in the structure of eye - brain - joint appendages of arthropods - etc. It is thus evidence for ____________.
Founder.
Interspecific
Finches
Evolution
19. Jean Baptiste de Lamarck (1744-1829) developed one of the first theories on how species changed. Lamarck - in 1809 - concluded that organisms of higher complexity had __________ from preexisting - less complex organisms.
Evolved
Intraspecific
Code
Natural selection
20. _________ evidence shows that the horse has undergone considerable evolutionary change over a period of 60 million years.
Convergent
Fossil
Monera
Neanderthals
21. ___________ is a specific explanation of similarity of form seen in the biological world. In genetics - it is used in reference to protein or DNA sequences - meaning that the given sequences share ancestry.
Fossil
Adaptive radiation
Mutations
Homology
22. Speciation by ____________ Equilibrium involves a group of creatures which gets isolated from the rest of their species.
Cold
Comparative anatomy.
Punctuated
Balanced
23. _____________ struggle takes place between the individuals of different species.
Change
Hardy-Weinberg
33 phyla
Interspecific
24. _______________ is that branch of biology dealing with the identification and naming of organisms.
Natural selection
Elongation
Taxonomy
Founder.
25. _____________ is the accumulation of small changes in a gene pool over a relatively short period.
Microevolution
DNA
Change
Evolution
26. When carriers have advantages that allow a detrimental allele to persist in a population - ______________ polymorphism is at work.
Bipedal
Balanced
Monera
Homo
27. The early stages of development of the ___________ of fish - salamander - tortoise - hen and man show remarkable similarity.
Taxonomy
Homology
Binomial
Embryos
28. Differential reproduction allows one species to gradually evolve into a new species. This is the process of ____________.
Evolution
DNA
Beneficial
Fungi
29. In a genetic drift the entire population may become homozygous for the allele or - equally likely - the allele may disappear. Before either of these fates occurs - the allele represents a Polymorphism. This is a case of polymorphism through...
Allopatric
Sympatric
Mollusca
Genetic drift
30. The Neolithic transition - about 10 -000 years ago - involved the change from __________-__________ societies to agricultural ones based on cultivation of plants and domesticated animals.
Allopatric
Somatic
Punctuated
Hunter-gatherer
31. Any change of _________ frequencies in a gene pool indicates that evolution has occurred. The Hardy-Weinberg law proposes that those factors that violate the conditions listed - cause evolution.
Phylogenetic
Allele
Environment
New World
32. Charles Darwin published a book The Origin of Species in the year 1859. He proposed that the new species came about by a process called ___________ __________.
Natural selection
Environmental
Sexually
Function
33. Because organisms are continually tested by their changing ______________ - their forms change to suit new conditions.
Environment
Genetic drift
Connecting links
Fossils. A study of the fossil record helps to build a historical sequence of biological evolution of complex organisms from simple ancestors.
34. The only kingdom which consists of prokaryotes is the __________ kingdom.
Evolution
Monera
Phylogenetic
Africa
35. Animals and plants show variations in physical structure. Some of these variations are simply caused by external conditions (environmental) - such as accidents - temperature - food abundance - etc.. ___________ variations have no effect on evolution
Connecting links
Somatic
Homo
Oxygen
36. Homo erectus was the first hominid to use ___________ - and have social structures for food gathering.
Hunter-gatherer
Finches
Fire
Mimicry
37. At some time in their life cycle - chordates have a pair of lateral gill slits or pouches used to obtain __________ in a liquid environment.
Genetic
Cold
Oxygen
Chance
38. _________ ______ disease causes anemia - joint pain - a swollen spleen - and frequent - severe infections. It illustrates balanced polymorphism because carriers are resistant to malaria - an infection by the parasite that causes cycles of chills and
Natural selection
Evolution
Sickle Cell
Allopatric
39. When Charles Darwin was in the Galapagos islands - one of the first things he noticed is the variety of ___________ that existed on each of the islands.
Hunter-gatherer
Evolution
Finches
Environment
40. The ____________ mammals occupy Australia - and differ from placental mammals because they bear their young inside a pouch (instead of a placenta).
Genus
Baseline
Polymorphism
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
41. A Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium provides a ___________ by which to judge whether evolution has occurred.
Increase
Function
Baseline
Cold
42. Almost all living organisms use the same basic biochemical molecules - including DNA - ATP - and many identical or nearly identical enzymes. Organisms utilize the same DNA triplet base _________ and the same 20 amino acids in their proteins
Elongation
Code
Chordata
Beneficial
43. At the molecular level - life's ability to reproduce begins with the replication of ____________ - during which two new spirals are created that are exact replicas of the original molecule.
Out-of-Africa
DNA
Convergent
Natural selection
44. As the finch population began to flourish in these advantageous conditions - ______________ competition became a factor - and resources on the islands were squeezed and could not sustain the population of the finches for long.
Chance
Intraspecific
Balanced
Mass
45. Immediately below kingdom is the _________ level of classification. At this level - animals are grouped together based on similarities in basic body plan or organization.
Increase
Out-of-Africa
Environmental
Phylum
46. According to Darwin - in spite of the high reproductive potential - the number of individuals in a species remains relatively constant - suggesting _____________ for existence.
Mollusca
Increase
Struggle
Genetic
47. Some important structural changes during the evolution of horse are: Increase in size from 11' (Eohippus) to about 60' (Equus) - and ___________ of the head and neck so as that it can reach the ground.
Elongation
Taxonomy
Mimicry
Polymorphism
48. An important step toward the modern theory of evolution came in the 1760's - when Count George-Louis Leclerc de Buffon (1707-1788) published his Natural History of Animals with the idea that species __________ over time.
Seven
Biodiversity
Increase
Change
49. In species which reproduce _____________ - extinction of a species is generally inevitable when there is only one individual of that species left - or only individuals of a single sex.
Sexually
Polymorphism
Protista
Oxygen
50. Almost all _________ organisms are either plants or animals.
Macroscopic.
Taxonomy
Adaptive radiation
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos