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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Biology: Principles Of Evolution
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Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
science
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Darwin's Finches illustrated ___________ ____________. This is where species all deriving from a common ancestor have over time successfully adapted to their environment via natural selection.
Continuity
Hunter-gatherer
Comparative anatomy.
Adaptive radiation
2. Almost all _________ organisms are either plants or animals.
Struggle
Macroscopic.
Genetic
Out-of-Africa
3. Members of the phylum _____________ have soft - unsegmented bodies that are usually - but not always - enclosed in hard shells.
Mollusca
Evolution
Species
Sexually
4. ___________ evolution is an evolutionary process in which organisms not closely related independently acquire some characteristic or characteristics in common.
Microevolution
Macroscopic.
Convergent
Continuity
5. Homology was defined by Darwin as similarity of structure and position - and distinguished from 'analogy -' which was defined as similarity of _____________ but not necessarily of structure and position.
Evolved
Environment
Sickle Cell
Function
6. Except for the tail fins - whales greatly resemble fish in outline - but are instead descended from four-legged land ___________.
Mammals.
Allele
Struggle
Function
7. Animals and plants show variations in physical structure. Some of these variations are simply caused by external conditions (environmental) - such as accidents - temperature - food abundance - etc.. ___________ variations have no effect on evolution
Somatic
Finches
Macroscopic.
Sexually
8. In general if two genes have an almost identical DNA sequence - it is likely that they are ____________.
Out-of-Africa
Natural selection
Homologous
Fire
9. Homology has to be distinguished from ___________; for instance - the wings of insects and the wings of birds are analogous but not homologous.
Analogy
Fire
33 phyla
Adaptive radiation
10. _____________ is the accumulation of small changes in a gene pool over a relatively short period.
Homologous
Evolved
Finches
Microevolution
11. Insect ____________ is also an example of convergent evolution - as for example when an edible (palatable) butterfly develops a color pattern similar to a relatively unrelated inedible (unpalatable) butterfly - and by so doing escapes being eaten.
Code
Hardy-Weinberg
Genetic drift
Mimicry
12. In species which reproduce _____________ - extinction of a species is generally inevitable when there is only one individual of that species left - or only individuals of a single sex.
Sexually
Hunter-gatherer
Cold
Phylum
13. The Neolithic transition - about 10 -000 years ago - involved the change from __________-__________ societies to agricultural ones based on cultivation of plants and domesticated animals.
Sympatric
Fungi
Increase
Hunter-gatherer
14. When Charles Darwin was in the Galapagos islands - one of the first things he noticed is the variety of ___________ that existed on each of the islands.
Fungi
Protoplasm
Kingdom
Finches
15. Mammals developed from primitive mammal-like reptiles during the __________ Period - some 200-245 million years ago.
Triassic
Environmental
Differential
Environment
16. The highest category in the Linnaean system of classification is the __________. At this level - organisms are distinguished on the basis of cellular organization and methods of nutrition.
Kingdom
Protista
Evolution
Neanderthals
17. ___________ speciation happens when members of a population develop some genetic difference that prevents them from reproducing with the parent type.
Fire
Sympatric
Natural selection
DNA
18. As populations diverge - they form similar but related species. When are two populations new species? When populations no longer _____________ they are thought to be separate species.
Interbreed
Balanced
Extinction
Change
19. Charles Darwin published a book The Origin of Species in the year 1859. He proposed that the new species came about by a process called ___________ __________.
Fire
Species
Natural selection
Bipedal
20. _________ evidence shows that the horse has undergone considerable evolutionary change over a period of 60 million years.
Fossil
Comparative anatomy.
Dinosaurs
Homologous
21. A ____________ tree is a graphical means to depict the evolutionary relationships of a group of organisms.
Phylogenetic
Bipedal
Connecting links
Species
22. Because organisms are continually tested by their changing ______________ - their forms change to suit new conditions.
Environment
Hunter-gatherer
Hardy-Weinberg
Extinction
23. The study of ____________ ____________ supports the claim of a common origin of organisms.
Comparative anatomy.
Mass
Homology
Mollusca
24. ____________ organs are formed on the same basic plan though they may be modified variously to perform different functions. They must have a common ancestral structure which gave rise to different modifications.
Mollusca
Protista
Homologous
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
25. According to Darwin - in spite of the high reproductive potential - the number of individuals in a species remains relatively constant - suggesting _____________ for existence.
Species
Interbreed
Struggle
Genus
26. _____________ struggle takes place between the individuals of the same species.
Bipedal
Sexually
Intraspecific
Finches
27. Scientific classification sorts living organisms by _________ levels of classification - kingdom; phylum; class; order; family; genus; and species.
Allele
Homo
Function
Seven
28. The __________ kingdom consists of one-celled organisms as well - but differs from the Monera kingdom in that it consists of eukaryotes.
Protista
Fire
Analogy
Mimicry
29. _________ ______ disease causes anemia - joint pain - a swollen spleen - and frequent - severe infections. It illustrates balanced polymorphism because carriers are resistant to malaria - an infection by the parasite that causes cycles of chills and
Protista
Sickle Cell
Homo erectus
Elongation
30. In the 1680s Ariaantje and Gerrit Jansz emigrated from Holland to South Africa - one of them bringing along an allele for the mild metabolic disease porphyria. Today more than 30000 South Africans carry this allele and - in every case examined - can
Founder.
Binomial
Sexually
Analogy
31. Prior to the scientific discoveries of the past 200 years - _____________ from the Book Of Genesis described how living things came into being.
Binomial
Creationism
DNA
Macroscopic.
32. Biodiversity crashes during ________ extinctions. This has been a powerful force in evolution - wiping the slate clean of up to 96% of all species - and providing the survivors with a world full of opportunities into which they can diversify.
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
Genus
Homologous
Mass
33. An important step toward the modern theory of evolution came in the 1760's - when Count George-Louis Leclerc de Buffon (1707-1788) published his Natural History of Animals with the idea that species __________ over time.
Change
Mutations
Homo erectus
Triassic
34. In a genetic drift the entire population may become homozygous for the allele or - equally likely - the allele may disappear. Before either of these fates occurs - the allele represents a Polymorphism. This is a case of polymorphism through...
Protista
Genetic drift
Out-of-Africa
Species
35. All organisms are placed into one of five kingdoms: Monera - Protista - ________ - Plantae - Animalia.
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
Fungi
Intraspecific
Kingdom
36. For humans - the complete classification is: Kingdom (Animalia); Phylum (__________); Class (Mammalia); Order (Primates); Family (Hominidae); Genus (Homo); Species (Sapiens).
Monera
Extinction
Fire
Chordata
37. Such a dual level designation is referred to as a _________ nomenclature.
Somatic
Genetic drift
Binomial
Protoplasm
38. The Linnaean system uses two Latin name categories - ________ and species - to designate each type of organism.
Genus
Hardy-Weinberg
New World
Evolved
39. Despite their image as brutish simpletons - _____________were the first humans to bury their dead with artifacts - indicating abstract thought - perhaps a belief in an after-life.
Interspecific
Evolution
Neanderthals
Primates
40. _____________ is the end of a particular evolutionary line - the end of a species - a family - or a larger group of organisms.
Extinction
Chance
Finches
Primates
41. At the molecular level - life's ability to reproduce begins with the replication of ____________ - during which two new spirals are created that are exact replicas of the original molecule.
Fossil
Neanderthals
Genus
DNA
42. Differential reproduction allows one species to gradually evolve into a new species. This is the process of ____________.
Biodiversity
Evolution
Africa
Genetic
43. A Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium provides a ___________ by which to judge whether evolution has occurred.
Baseline
Homo
Fossils. A study of the fossil record helps to build a historical sequence of biological evolution of complex organisms from simple ancestors.
Allopatric
44. _____________ struggle takes place between the individuals of different species.
Embryos
Balanced
Interspecific
Genetic
45. _______________ is that branch of biology dealing with the identification and naming of organisms.
Homologous
Taxonomy
Neanderthals
Genus
46. Homology is also seen in the structure of eye - brain - joint appendages of arthropods - etc. It is thus evidence for ____________.
Fire
Microevolution
Sickle Cell
Evolution
47. Homo erectus was the first hominid to use ___________ - and have social structures for food gathering.
Increase
Cold
Struggle
Fire
48. Humans who have produced offspring that successfully live in a ________ environment tend to be broader and smaller in stature while hotter environments are occupied by thinner taller humans.
Change
Fungi
Cold
Elongation
49. ______________ struggle is the struggle of organisms against the physical environment.
Genetic drift
Environmental
Oxygen
Primates
50. A ___________ can be defined as one or more populations of interbreeding organisms that are reproductively isolated in nature from all other organisms.
New World
Convergent
Species
Code