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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Biology: Principles Of Evolution
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Subjects
:
clep
,
science
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An allele may increase - or decrease - in frequency simply through ___________. Not every member of the population will become a parent and not every set of parents will produce the same number of offspring.
Balanced
Mammals.
Chance
Cold
2. Such a dual level designation is referred to as a _________ nomenclature.
Natural selection
Genetic drift
Chance
Binomial
3. Immediately below kingdom is the _________ level of classification. At this level - animals are grouped together based on similarities in basic body plan or organization.
Mollusca
Sickle Cell
Phylum
Genetic
4. Differential reproduction allows one species to gradually evolve into a new species. This is the process of ____________.
Environment
Dinosaurs
Evolution
Triassic
5. The __________ kingdom consists of one-celled organisms as well - but differs from the Monera kingdom in that it consists of eukaryotes.
Convergent
Genetic drift
Fossils. A study of the fossil record helps to build a historical sequence of biological evolution of complex organisms from simple ancestors.
Protista
6. __________ are the remains of organisms that lived in the past.
Monera
Fossils. A study of the fossil record helps to build a historical sequence of biological evolution of complex organisms from simple ancestors.
Evolution
Protista
7. Most anthropologists agree that the ______ _______ was populated by a series of three migrations over the temporary land connection between Asia and North America.
New World
Mollusca
Interbreed
Balanced
8. Homology was defined by Darwin as similarity of structure and position - and distinguished from 'analogy -' which was defined as similarity of _____________ but not necessarily of structure and position.
Allele
Function
Macroscopic.
33 phyla
9. At some time in their life cycle - chordates have a pair of lateral gill slits or pouches used to obtain __________ in a liquid environment.
Code
Oxygen
Fungi
Africa
10. At the molecular level - life's ability to reproduce begins with the replication of ____________ - during which two new spirals are created that are exact replicas of the original molecule.
DNA
Evolution
Neanderthals
Code
11. _________ ______ disease causes anemia - joint pain - a swollen spleen - and frequent - severe infections. It illustrates balanced polymorphism because carriers are resistant to malaria - an infection by the parasite that causes cycles of chills and
Chordata
Interspecific
Function
Sickle Cell
12. _____________ can occur randomly - from radiation damage (impact with high energy g-rays or cosmic rays) - from exposure to chemical agents called mutagens - or simply by error in the DNA replication process.
Connecting links
Evolved
Change
Mutations
13. In the 1680s Ariaantje and Gerrit Jansz emigrated from Holland to South Africa - one of them bringing along an allele for the mild metabolic disease porphyria. Today more than 30000 South Africans carry this allele and - in every case examined - can
Founder.
Mutations
Fire
Genetic drift
14. ___________ evolution is an evolutionary process in which organisms not closely related independently acquire some characteristic or characteristics in common.
Creationism
Convergent
Differential
Interbreed
15. The Regional ___________ Hypothesis suggests that regional populations of H. erectus evolved into H. sapiens through interbreeding between the various populations.
Continuity
Neanderthals
Homologous
Homo
16. The most recent mass extinction - the K-T extinction at the end of the Cretaceous period - is best known for having wiped out the __________ .
Dinosaurs
Founder.
Environmental
Homo erectus
17. A ___________ can be defined as one or more populations of interbreeding organisms that are reproductively isolated in nature from all other organisms.
Punctuated
Fossil
Species
Phylum
18. _______________ is that branch of biology dealing with the identification and naming of organisms.
Taxonomy
Allopatric
Homo erectus
Fossil
19. Speciation by ____________ Equilibrium involves a group of creatures which gets isolated from the rest of their species.
DNA
Mimicry
Punctuated
Environmental
20. The _______-_________ Law states that an equilibrium of allele frequencies in a gene pool remains in effect in each succeeding generation of a sexually reproducing population if five conditions are met.
Fungi
Homo erectus
Hardy-Weinberg
Embryos
21. ____________ organs are formed on the same basic plan though they may be modified variously to perform different functions. They must have a common ancestral structure which gave rise to different modifications.
Interbreed
Baseline
Homologous
Analogy
22. The early stages of development of the ___________ of fish - salamander - tortoise - hen and man show remarkable similarity.
Analogy
Cold
New World
Embryos
23. The Neolithic transition - about 10 -000 years ago - involved the change from __________-__________ societies to agricultural ones based on cultivation of plants and domesticated animals.
Oxygen
Hunter-gatherer
Protoplasm
Sickle Cell
24. A Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium provides a ___________ by which to judge whether evolution has occurred.
Code
Increase
Interspecific
Baseline
25. Mammals developed from primitive mammal-like reptiles during the __________ Period - some 200-245 million years ago.
Environment
Triassic
Elongation
Natural selection
26. Almost all _________ organisms are either plants or animals.
Macroscopic.
DNA
Mollusca
Connecting links
27. Animals and plants show variations in physical structure. Some of these variations are simply caused by external conditions (environmental) - such as accidents - temperature - food abundance - etc.. ___________ variations have no effect on evolution
Homo
Oxygen
DNA
Somatic
28. The highest category in the Linnaean system of classification is the __________. At this level - organisms are distinguished on the basis of cellular organization and methods of nutrition.
Protista
Embryos
Balanced
Kingdom
29. There are at least ___________ of animals. Humans are members of the phylum Chordata.
Interspecific
Mass
Homo
33 phyla
30. ___________ is a specific explanation of similarity of form seen in the biological world. In genetics - it is used in reference to protein or DNA sequences - meaning that the given sequences share ancestry.
Bipedal
Out-of-Africa
Environment
Homology
31. An important step toward the modern theory of evolution came in the 1760's - when Count George-Louis Leclerc de Buffon (1707-1788) published his Natural History of Animals with the idea that species __________ over time.
Dinosaurs
Kingdom
Change
Baseline
32. _____________ is the end of a particular evolutionary line - the end of a species - a family - or a larger group of organisms.
Mass
Species
Extinction
Monera
33. Populations begin to diverge when gene flow between them is restricted. Geographic isolation is often the first step in ____________ speciation.
Primates
Homologous
Allopatric
Kingdom
34. The mutation may be harmful (resulting in a reduced probability of survival for the organism involved) - ____________ (it might also do its intended job better) or merely neutral (no effect at all).
Dinosaurs
New World
Cold
Beneficial
35. Almost all living organisms use the same basic biochemical molecules - including DNA - ATP - and many identical or nearly identical enzymes. Organisms utilize the same DNA triplet base _________ and the same 20 amino acids in their proteins
Cold
Analogy
Embryos
Code
36. All organisms are placed into one of five kingdoms: Monera - Protista - ________ - Plantae - Animalia.
Mollusca
Natural selection
Fungi
Evolution
37. Darwin's Finches illustrated ___________ ____________. This is where species all deriving from a common ancestor have over time successfully adapted to their environment via natural selection.
Comparative anatomy.
Adaptive radiation
Triassic
DNA
38. _____________ is the accumulation of small changes in a gene pool over a relatively short period.
Elongation
Allele
Kingdom
Microevolution
39. Darwin reported that all organisms tend to _____________ in a geometric ratio provided there are no environmental checks. Even slow breeding animals like the elephant may theoretically give rise to 19 million descendants in a period of 750 years.
Beneficial
Finches
Increase
Continuity
40. ___________ speciation happens when members of a population develop some genetic difference that prevents them from reproducing with the parent type.
Chordata
Sickle Cell
Creationism
Sympatric
41. Homology is also seen in the structure of eye - brain - joint appendages of arthropods - etc. It is thus evidence for ____________.
Dinosaurs
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
Evolved
Evolution
42. In a genetic drift the entire population may become homozygous for the allele or - equally likely - the allele may disappear. Before either of these fates occurs - the allele represents a Polymorphism. This is a case of polymorphism through...
Elongation
Genetic drift
Extinction
Biodiversity
43. As populations diverge - they form similar but related species. When are two populations new species? When populations no longer _____________ they are thought to be separate species.
Binomial
Africa
Interbreed
Phylogenetic
44. The Linnaean system uses two Latin name categories - ________ and species - to designate each type of organism.
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
Extinction
Baseline
Genus
45. For humans - the complete classification is: Kingdom (Animalia); Phylum (__________); Class (Mammalia); Order (Primates); Family (Hominidae); Genus (Homo); Species (Sapiens).
Africa
Chordata
Kingdom
Fossils. A study of the fossil record helps to build a historical sequence of biological evolution of complex organisms from simple ancestors.
46. When carriers have advantages that allow a detrimental allele to persist in a population - ______________ polymorphism is at work.
Fossils. A study of the fossil record helps to build a historical sequence of biological evolution of complex organisms from simple ancestors.
Balanced
Homologous
Interspecific
47. Charles Darwin published a book The Origin of Species in the year 1859. He proposed that the new species came about by a process called ___________ __________.
Analogy
Protoplasm
Natural selection
Mass
48. The study of ____________ ____________ supports the claim of a common origin of organisms.
Comparative anatomy.
Africa
Fossils. A study of the fossil record helps to build a historical sequence of biological evolution of complex organisms from simple ancestors.
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
49. A ____________ tree is a graphical means to depict the evolutionary relationships of a group of organisms.
Protoplasm
Phylogenetic
Chordata
Polymorphism
50. Because organisms are continually tested by their changing ______________ - their forms change to suit new conditions.
Bipedal
Sexually
Natural selection
Environment