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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Biology: Principles Of Evolution
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Subjects
:
clep
,
science
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. There are certain animals with intermediate characters between two major groups of animals. They are called ___________ _____.
Evolved
Fossil
Connecting links
Intraspecific
2. In species which reproduce _____________ - extinction of a species is generally inevitable when there is only one individual of that species left - or only individuals of a single sex.
Creationism
Comparative anatomy.
Sexually
Genetic
3. The early stages of development of the ___________ of fish - salamander - tortoise - hen and man show remarkable similarity.
33 phyla
Embryos
Balanced
Phylum
4. The mutation may be harmful (resulting in a reduced probability of survival for the organism involved) - ____________ (it might also do its intended job better) or merely neutral (no effect at all).
Primates
Beneficial
Differential
Phylum
5. Mammals developed from primitive mammal-like reptiles during the __________ Period - some 200-245 million years ago.
Somatic
Evolved
Hunter-gatherer
Triassic
6. When carriers have advantages that allow a detrimental allele to persist in a population - ______________ polymorphism is at work.
New World
Genetic
Balanced
Function
7. About 2 million years ago - two groups developed: the australopithecines - generally smaller brained and not users of tools; and the line that led to genus _________ - larger brained and makers and users of tools.
Intraspecific
Allopatric
Homo
Microevolution
8. _____________ is the accumulation of small changes in a gene pool over a relatively short period.
New World
Phylum
Microevolution
Creationism
9. _____________ is the end of a particular evolutionary line - the end of a species - a family - or a larger group of organisms.
Extinction
Struggle
Intraspecific
Elongation
10. __________ are the remains of organisms that lived in the past.
Continuity
33 phyla
Triassic
Fossils. A study of the fossil record helps to build a historical sequence of biological evolution of complex organisms from simple ancestors.
11. An allele may increase - or decrease - in frequency simply through ___________. Not every member of the population will become a parent and not every set of parents will produce the same number of offspring.
Chance
Struggle
Biodiversity
Sickle Cell
12. Members of the phylum _____________ have soft - unsegmented bodies that are usually - but not always - enclosed in hard shells.
Mollusca
Out-of-Africa
Oxygen
Founder.
13. All organisms are placed into one of five kingdoms: Monera - Protista - ________ - Plantae - Animalia.
Fungi
Convergent
Mimicry
Dinosaurs
14. According to Darwin - in spite of the high reproductive potential - the number of individuals in a species remains relatively constant - suggesting _____________ for existence.
Primates
Embryos
Struggle
Founder.
15. _____________ struggle takes place between the individuals of the same species.
Fossils. A study of the fossil record helps to build a historical sequence of biological evolution of complex organisms from simple ancestors.
Chordata
Homo
Intraspecific
16. A Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium provides a ___________ by which to judge whether evolution has occurred.
Balanced
Environmental
Baseline
Homology
17. Homology has to be distinguished from ___________; for instance - the wings of insects and the wings of birds are analogous but not homologous.
Cold
Connecting links
Evolution
Analogy
18. Darwin reported that all organisms tend to _____________ in a geometric ratio provided there are no environmental checks. Even slow breeding animals like the elephant may theoretically give rise to 19 million descendants in a period of 750 years.
Evolution
Seven
Increase
Mollusca
19. In the 1680s Ariaantje and Gerrit Jansz emigrated from Holland to South Africa - one of them bringing along an allele for the mild metabolic disease porphyria. Today more than 30000 South Africans carry this allele and - in every case examined - can
Extinction
Protoplasm
Founder.
DNA
20. In general if two genes have an almost identical DNA sequence - it is likely that they are ____________.
Struggle
33 phyla
Homologous
Environmental
21. Humans are ____________ - meaning we walk on two of our limbs. The amount of melanin in our skin is representative of the environment we live in - i.e. dark skinned people occupy hotter climates.
Bipedal
Environment
Fungi
New World
22. Heritable variations are called _____________ variations. Such variations arising from changes in DNA are passed on within families and to the offspring from the parents.
Genetic
Interbreed
Neanderthals
Mollusca
23. Animals and plants show variations in physical structure. Some of these variations are simply caused by external conditions (environmental) - such as accidents - temperature - food abundance - etc.. ___________ variations have no effect on evolution
Fungi
Somatic
Change
Allele
24. Charles Darwin published a book The Origin of Species in the year 1859. He proposed that the new species came about by a process called ___________ __________.
Polymorphism
Intraspecific
Homo erectus
Natural selection
25. Immediately below kingdom is the _________ level of classification. At this level - animals are grouped together based on similarities in basic body plan or organization.
Phylum
Triassic
Fire
Natural selection
26. At the molecular level - life's ability to reproduce begins with the replication of ____________ - during which two new spirals are created that are exact replicas of the original molecule.
Natural selection
Triassic
DNA
Sickle Cell
27. About 1.8 million years ago - early Homo gave rise to _______ ________ - the species thought to have been ancestral to our own.
Oxygen
Taxonomy
33 phyla
Homo erectus
28. A comparative study of physiology and biochemistry also supports the common origin for different organisms. The _____________ of all organisms cells is more or less same in composition.
Protoplasm
Extinction
Mutations
Sympatric
29. The Regional ___________ Hypothesis suggests that regional populations of H. erectus evolved into H. sapiens through interbreeding between the various populations.
Continuity
Homology
Intraspecific
Homologous
30. Darwin's Finches illustrated ___________ ____________. This is where species all deriving from a common ancestor have over time successfully adapted to their environment via natural selection.
Adaptive radiation
Allele
Elongation
Hunter-gatherer
31. Despite their image as brutish simpletons - _____________were the first humans to bury their dead with artifacts - indicating abstract thought - perhaps a belief in an after-life.
Neanderthals
Kingdom
Phylum
Connecting links
32. As the finch population began to flourish in these advantageous conditions - ______________ competition became a factor - and resources on the islands were squeezed and could not sustain the population of the finches for long.
Intraspecific
New World
Code
Elongation
33. The study of ____________ ____________ supports the claim of a common origin of organisms.
Microevolution
Comparative anatomy.
New World
Elongation
34. The only kingdom which consists of prokaryotes is the __________ kingdom.
Struggle
Monera
Macroscopic.
Convergent
35. Jean Baptiste de Lamarck (1744-1829) developed one of the first theories on how species changed. Lamarck - in 1809 - concluded that organisms of higher complexity had __________ from preexisting - less complex organisms.
Species
Evolved
Balanced
Evolution
36. At some time in their life cycle - chordates have a pair of lateral gill slits or pouches used to obtain __________ in a liquid environment.
Oxygen
Genetic
Increase
Hunter-gatherer
37. Biodiversity crashes during ________ extinctions. This has been a powerful force in evolution - wiping the slate clean of up to 96% of all species - and providing the survivors with a world full of opportunities into which they can diversify.
Fungi
Mass
Balanced
Primates
38. _________ evidence shows that the horse has undergone considerable evolutionary change over a period of 60 million years.
Fossil
Protoplasm
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
Neanderthals
39. The highest category in the Linnaean system of classification is the __________. At this level - organisms are distinguished on the basis of cellular organization and methods of nutrition.
Kingdom
Polymorphism
Cold
Change
40. _____________ struggle takes place between the individuals of different species.
Genetic drift
Chordata
Interspecific
New World
41. Except for the tail fins - whales greatly resemble fish in outline - but are instead descended from four-legged land ___________.
Extinction
Mammals.
33 phyla
Cold
42. Such a dual level designation is referred to as a _________ nomenclature.
Finches
Extinction
Environmental
Binomial
43. ___________ evolution is an evolutionary process in which organisms not closely related independently acquire some characteristic or characteristics in common.
Homo erectus
Convergent
Founder.
Analogy
44. The __________ kingdom consists of one-celled organisms as well - but differs from the Monera kingdom in that it consists of eukaryotes.
Taxonomy
Genetic
Protista
DNA
45. A ____________ tree is a graphical means to depict the evolutionary relationships of a group of organisms.
Hardy-Weinberg
Baseline
Phylogenetic
Natural selection
46. Organisms struggle for existence. Organisms with advantageous characters survive - while those which lack such variations perish. The advantageous characters are passed on to the offsprings generation after generation and the organisms become better
Dinosaurs
Intraspecific
Sexually
Natural selection
47. Almost all _________ organisms are either plants or animals.
Analogy
Mimicry
Sickle Cell
Macroscopic.
48. Scientific classification sorts living organisms by _________ levels of classification - kingdom; phylum; class; order; family; genus; and species.
Allopatric
33 phyla
Seven
Neanderthals
49. Homo erectus was the first hominid to use ___________ - and have social structures for food gathering.
Cold
Comparative anatomy.
Fire
Beneficial
50. Differential reproduction allows one species to gradually evolve into a new species. This is the process of ____________.
Allele
Comparative anatomy.
Evolution
Homo