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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Biology: Principles Of Evolution
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Subjects
:
clep
,
science
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Mammals developed from primitive mammal-like reptiles during the __________ Period - some 200-245 million years ago.
Fire
Triassic
Sexually
Cold
2. The study of ____________ ____________ supports the claim of a common origin of organisms.
Comparative anatomy.
Intraspecific
Intraspecific
Fossil
3. About 1.8 million years ago - early Homo gave rise to _______ ________ - the species thought to have been ancestral to our own.
Interbreed
Protoplasm
Homo erectus
Convergent
4. Differential reproduction allows one species to gradually evolve into a new species. This is the process of ____________.
Extinction
Chordata
Evolution
Species
5. _____________ is the end of a particular evolutionary line - the end of a species - a family - or a larger group of organisms.
Extinction
Natural selection
Creationism
Mass
6. The ____________ mammals occupy Australia - and differ from placental mammals because they bear their young inside a pouch (instead of a placenta).
Hunter-gatherer
Monera
Natural selection
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
7. In the 1680s Ariaantje and Gerrit Jansz emigrated from Holland to South Africa - one of them bringing along an allele for the mild metabolic disease porphyria. Today more than 30000 South Africans carry this allele and - in every case examined - can
Protoplasm
Founder.
Continuity
Environmental
8. If a population began with a few individuals - one or more of whom carried a particular allele - that allele may come to be represented in many of the descendants. This is known as ____________.
Sympatric
Extinction
Homo erectus
Polymorphism
9. Any change of _________ frequencies in a gene pool indicates that evolution has occurred. The Hardy-Weinberg law proposes that those factors that violate the conditions listed - cause evolution.
Evolution
Differential
Allele
Protoplasm
10. Humans are ____________ - meaning we walk on two of our limbs. The amount of melanin in our skin is representative of the environment we live in - i.e. dark skinned people occupy hotter climates.
Struggle
Homologous
Mass
Bipedal
11. An allele may increase - or decrease - in frequency simply through ___________. Not every member of the population will become a parent and not every set of parents will produce the same number of offspring.
Code
Sexually
DNA
Chance
12. Extinctions - mostly at the level of species - have been occurring constantly at a low 'background rate' - usually matched by the rate at which new species appear - with the result that ____________ is constantly increasing.
Homology
Biodiversity
Out-of-Africa
Evolution
13. ___________ speciation happens when members of a population develop some genetic difference that prevents them from reproducing with the parent type.
Elongation
Hardy-Weinberg
Sympatric
Macroscopic.
14. Homology was defined by Darwin as similarity of structure and position - and distinguished from 'analogy -' which was defined as similarity of _____________ but not necessarily of structure and position.
Kingdom
Genus
Function
Natural selection
15. Organisms struggle for existence. Organisms with advantageous characters survive - while those which lack such variations perish. The advantageous characters are passed on to the offsprings generation after generation and the organisms become better
Natural selection
Balanced
Sickle Cell
Polymorphism
16. Heritable variations are called _____________ variations. Such variations arising from changes in DNA are passed on within families and to the offspring from the parents.
Genetic
Dinosaurs
Sickle Cell
Founder.
17. As populations diverge - they form similar but related species. When are two populations new species? When populations no longer _____________ they are thought to be separate species.
Fire
Sexually
Interbreed
Chance
18. Homology has to be distinguished from ___________; for instance - the wings of insects and the wings of birds are analogous but not homologous.
Analogy
Genus
Phylogenetic
Convergent
19. The mutation may be harmful (resulting in a reduced probability of survival for the organism involved) - ____________ (it might also do its intended job better) or merely neutral (no effect at all).
Beneficial
Fossil
Environmental
Polymorphism
20. Darwin's Finches illustrated ___________ ____________. This is where species all deriving from a common ancestor have over time successfully adapted to their environment via natural selection.
Adaptive radiation
Code
Fungi
Intraspecific
21. Homology is also seen in the structure of eye - brain - joint appendages of arthropods - etc. It is thus evidence for ____________.
DNA
Interbreed
Environment
Evolution
22. The _______-_________ Law states that an equilibrium of allele frequencies in a gene pool remains in effect in each succeeding generation of a sexually reproducing population if five conditions are met.
Homology
DNA
Hardy-Weinberg
Evolved
23. A ____________ tree is a graphical means to depict the evolutionary relationships of a group of organisms.
Phylogenetic
Protoplasm
Genus
Sexually
24. There are certain animals with intermediate characters between two major groups of animals. They are called ___________ _____.
Evolved
Somatic
Connecting links
Environment
25. A ___________ can be defined as one or more populations of interbreeding organisms that are reproductively isolated in nature from all other organisms.
Biodiversity
Bipedal
Homologous
Species
26. Homo erectus was the first hominid to use ___________ - and have social structures for food gathering.
Natural selection
Mutations
Taxonomy
Fire
27. __________ are the remains of organisms that lived in the past.
Macroscopic.
Allopatric
Fossils. A study of the fossil record helps to build a historical sequence of biological evolution of complex organisms from simple ancestors.
Struggle
28. About 2 million years ago - two groups developed: the australopithecines - generally smaller brained and not users of tools; and the line that led to genus _________ - larger brained and makers and users of tools.
Homo
Evolution
Protista
Phylogenetic
29. Prior to the scientific discoveries of the past 200 years - _____________ from the Book Of Genesis described how living things came into being.
Primates
Monera
Creationism
Sexually
30. ____________ reproduction - whether reproduction proceeds with lesser or greater success - is central to the process of natural selection; it determines whether a given mutation becomes established in the general population.
Mammals.
Code
Differential
Chance
31. The ______-____-______ Hypothesis proposes that some Homo erectus remained in Africa and continued to evolve into Homo sapiens - and left Africa about 100 -000-200 -000 years ago. From a single source - Homo sapiens replaced all populations of Homo e
Out-of-Africa
Binomial
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
Dinosaurs
32. Almost all _________ organisms are either plants or animals.
Macroscopic.
Analogy
Natural selection
Connecting links
33. The highest category in the Linnaean system of classification is the __________. At this level - organisms are distinguished on the basis of cellular organization and methods of nutrition.
Founder.
Homo erectus
Kingdom
Binomial
34. Insect ____________ is also an example of convergent evolution - as for example when an edible (palatable) butterfly develops a color pattern similar to a relatively unrelated inedible (unpalatable) butterfly - and by so doing escapes being eaten.
Finches
Sickle Cell
Evolved
Mimicry
35. Most anthropologists agree that the ______ _______ was populated by a series of three migrations over the temporary land connection between Asia and North America.
Homology
Genus
New World
Environmental
36. All organisms are placed into one of five kingdoms: Monera - Protista - ________ - Plantae - Animalia.
Microevolution
Environmental
Phylum
Fungi
37. Because organisms are continually tested by their changing ______________ - their forms change to suit new conditions.
Extinction
Convergent
Baseline
Environment
38. _____________ struggle takes place between the individuals of the same species.
Intraspecific
Mammals.
Environmental
Comparative anatomy.
39. Humans who have produced offspring that successfully live in a ________ environment tend to be broader and smaller in stature while hotter environments are occupied by thinner taller humans.
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
Cold
Bipedal
Kingdom
40. Linnaeus placed all monkeys and apes along with humans into the order _________
Fossils. A study of the fossil record helps to build a historical sequence of biological evolution of complex organisms from simple ancestors.
Primates
Evolution
Connecting links
41. When carriers have advantages that allow a detrimental allele to persist in a population - ______________ polymorphism is at work.
Balanced
Environment
Phylogenetic
Mutations
42. Members of the phylum _____________ have soft - unsegmented bodies that are usually - but not always - enclosed in hard shells.
Baseline
Seven
Mollusca
Homologous
43. When Charles Darwin was in the Galapagos islands - one of the first things he noticed is the variety of ___________ that existed on each of the islands.
Fungi
Connecting links
Mollusca
Finches
44. Speciation by ____________ Equilibrium involves a group of creatures which gets isolated from the rest of their species.
Allele
Mutations
Punctuated
Finches
45. The Linnaean system uses two Latin name categories - ________ and species - to designate each type of organism.
Homo erectus
Convergent
Phylogenetic
Genus
46. The __________ kingdom consists of one-celled organisms as well - but differs from the Monera kingdom in that it consists of eukaryotes.
33 phyla
Protista
Natural selection
Kingdom
47. Immediately below kingdom is the _________ level of classification. At this level - animals are grouped together based on similarities in basic body plan or organization.
Homo erectus
Genetic drift
Sexually
Phylum
48. Scientific classification sorts living organisms by _________ levels of classification - kingdom; phylum; class; order; family; genus; and species.
33 phyla
Seven
Sickle Cell
Environment
49. In a genetic drift the entire population may become homozygous for the allele or - equally likely - the allele may disappear. Before either of these fates occurs - the allele represents a Polymorphism. This is a case of polymorphism through...
Cold
Genetic drift
Binomial
Bipedal
50. _____________ struggle takes place between the individuals of different species.
Elongation
Interspecific
Struggle
Increase
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