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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Biology: Principles Of Evolution
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Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
science
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The early stages of development of the ___________ of fish - salamander - tortoise - hen and man show remarkable similarity.
Allopatric
Intraspecific
Evolution
Embryos
2. About 1.8 million years ago - early Homo gave rise to _______ ________ - the species thought to have been ancestral to our own.
Sickle Cell
Species
Mass
Homo erectus
3. _____________ struggle takes place between the individuals of the same species.
Intraspecific
Interbreed
Fossil
Function
4. Differential reproduction allows one species to gradually evolve into a new species. This is the process of ____________.
Evolution
Hunter-gatherer
Monera
Fire
5. For humans - the complete classification is: Kingdom (Animalia); Phylum (__________); Class (Mammalia); Order (Primates); Family (Hominidae); Genus (Homo); Species (Sapiens).
Neanderthals
Chordata
Evolution
Sympatric
6. Some important structural changes during the evolution of horse are: Increase in size from 11' (Eohippus) to about 60' (Equus) - and ___________ of the head and neck so as that it can reach the ground.
Punctuated
Founder.
Mammals.
Elongation
7. The Neolithic transition - about 10 -000 years ago - involved the change from __________-__________ societies to agricultural ones based on cultivation of plants and domesticated animals.
Hunter-gatherer
Continuity
Phylum
Kingdom
8. The Regional ___________ Hypothesis suggests that regional populations of H. erectus evolved into H. sapiens through interbreeding between the various populations.
Binomial
Genus
Continuity
Creationism
9. Almost all living organisms use the same basic biochemical molecules - including DNA - ATP - and many identical or nearly identical enzymes. Organisms utilize the same DNA triplet base _________ and the same 20 amino acids in their proteins
Mutations
33 phyla
Environmental
Code
10. Darwin's Finches illustrated ___________ ____________. This is where species all deriving from a common ancestor have over time successfully adapted to their environment via natural selection.
33 phyla
Punctuated
Primates
Adaptive radiation
11. When carriers have advantages that allow a detrimental allele to persist in a population - ______________ polymorphism is at work.
Balanced
Code
Change
Phylum
12. Scientific classification sorts living organisms by _________ levels of classification - kingdom; phylum; class; order; family; genus; and species.
Triassic
Seven
Fossil
Continuity
13. The study of ____________ ____________ supports the claim of a common origin of organisms.
Comparative anatomy.
Punctuated
Embryos
33 phyla
14. All organisms are placed into one of five kingdoms: Monera - Protista - ________ - Plantae - Animalia.
Phylum
Sickle Cell
Fungi
Comparative anatomy.
15. ___________ is a specific explanation of similarity of form seen in the biological world. In genetics - it is used in reference to protein or DNA sequences - meaning that the given sequences share ancestry.
Mammals.
Creationism
Homology
Primates
16. _____________ is the accumulation of small changes in a gene pool over a relatively short period.
New World
Microevolution
Binomial
Baseline
17. Populations begin to diverge when gene flow between them is restricted. Geographic isolation is often the first step in ____________ speciation.
Mass
Homo
Embryos
Allopatric
18. As the finch population began to flourish in these advantageous conditions - ______________ competition became a factor - and resources on the islands were squeezed and could not sustain the population of the finches for long.
New World
Intraspecific
Extinction
Bipedal
19. Such a dual level designation is referred to as a _________ nomenclature.
Natural selection
Binomial
Oxygen
Hardy-Weinberg
20. Biodiversity crashes during ________ extinctions. This has been a powerful force in evolution - wiping the slate clean of up to 96% of all species - and providing the survivors with a world full of opportunities into which they can diversify.
Sickle Cell
Allopatric
Mass
Somatic
21. Homology is also seen in the structure of eye - brain - joint appendages of arthropods - etc. It is thus evidence for ____________.
Seven
Evolution
Sickle Cell
Allopatric
22. Heritable variations are called _____________ variations. Such variations arising from changes in DNA are passed on within families and to the offspring from the parents.
Monera
Genetic
Change
Increase
23. The _______-_________ Law states that an equilibrium of allele frequencies in a gene pool remains in effect in each succeeding generation of a sexually reproducing population if five conditions are met.
Hardy-Weinberg
Cold
Polymorphism
Mutations
24. In general if two genes have an almost identical DNA sequence - it is likely that they are ____________.
Analogy
Homologous
Genetic
Founder.
25. ____________ reproduction - whether reproduction proceeds with lesser or greater success - is central to the process of natural selection; it determines whether a given mutation becomes established in the general population.
Differential
Monera
Chordata
Triassic
26. Any change of _________ frequencies in a gene pool indicates that evolution has occurred. The Hardy-Weinberg law proposes that those factors that violate the conditions listed - cause evolution.
Allele
Bipedal
Mollusca
Genetic drift
27. Homo erectus was the first hominid to use ___________ - and have social structures for food gathering.
Fire
Dinosaurs
Evolved
Baseline
28. The __________ kingdom consists of one-celled organisms as well - but differs from the Monera kingdom in that it consists of eukaryotes.
Intraspecific
Homologous
Protista
Continuity
29. _____________ is the end of a particular evolutionary line - the end of a species - a family - or a larger group of organisms.
Struggle
Extinction
Hunter-gatherer
Oxygen
30. _____________ can occur randomly - from radiation damage (impact with high energy g-rays or cosmic rays) - from exposure to chemical agents called mutagens - or simply by error in the DNA replication process.
Mammals.
Homo
Mutations
Macroscopic.
31. Charles Darwin published a book The Origin of Species in the year 1859. He proposed that the new species came about by a process called ___________ __________.
Homologous
Evolution
Natural selection
Intraspecific
32. Linnaeus placed all monkeys and apes along with humans into the order _________
Bipedal
Mimicry
Homo erectus
Primates
33. Most anthropologists agree that the ______ _______ was populated by a series of three migrations over the temporary land connection between Asia and North America.
Balanced
Phylogenetic
New World
Differential
34. Jean Baptiste de Lamarck (1744-1829) developed one of the first theories on how species changed. Lamarck - in 1809 - concluded that organisms of higher complexity had __________ from preexisting - less complex organisms.
Triassic
Evolved
Fossils. A study of the fossil record helps to build a historical sequence of biological evolution of complex organisms from simple ancestors.
Founder.
35. Almost all _________ organisms are either plants or animals.
Phylogenetic
Hardy-Weinberg
DNA
Macroscopic.
36. _________ ______ disease causes anemia - joint pain - a swollen spleen - and frequent - severe infections. It illustrates balanced polymorphism because carriers are resistant to malaria - an infection by the parasite that causes cycles of chills and
Homology
Phylum
Sickle Cell
Genetic
37. Insect ____________ is also an example of convergent evolution - as for example when an edible (palatable) butterfly develops a color pattern similar to a relatively unrelated inedible (unpalatable) butterfly - and by so doing escapes being eaten.
Interspecific
DNA
Mimicry
Homology
38. When Charles Darwin was in the Galapagos islands - one of the first things he noticed is the variety of ___________ that existed on each of the islands.
Finches
Natural selection
Biodiversity
Mammals.
39. As populations diverge - they form similar but related species. When are two populations new species? When populations no longer _____________ they are thought to be separate species.
Interbreed
DNA
Evolution
33 phyla
40. Extinctions - mostly at the level of species - have been occurring constantly at a low 'background rate' - usually matched by the rate at which new species appear - with the result that ____________ is constantly increasing.
Hardy-Weinberg
Biodiversity
Differential
Genus
41. A comparative study of physiology and biochemistry also supports the common origin for different organisms. The _____________ of all organisms cells is more or less same in composition.
Environment
Protoplasm
Homo erectus
Elongation
42. Darwin reported that all organisms tend to _____________ in a geometric ratio provided there are no environmental checks. Even slow breeding animals like the elephant may theoretically give rise to 19 million descendants in a period of 750 years.
Increase
Evolution
Protista
Baseline
43. According to Darwin - in spite of the high reproductive potential - the number of individuals in a species remains relatively constant - suggesting _____________ for existence.
Environment
Mammals.
Struggle
Triassic
44. In the 1680s Ariaantje and Gerrit Jansz emigrated from Holland to South Africa - one of them bringing along an allele for the mild metabolic disease porphyria. Today more than 30000 South Africans carry this allele and - in every case examined - can
Allele
Sexually
Homology
Founder.
45. The only kingdom which consists of prokaryotes is the __________ kingdom.
New World
Evolution
Interspecific
Monera
46. ____________ organs are formed on the same basic plan though they may be modified variously to perform different functions. They must have a common ancestral structure which gave rise to different modifications.
Sickle Cell
Interbreed
Natural selection
Homologous
47. Prior to the scientific discoveries of the past 200 years - _____________ from the Book Of Genesis described how living things came into being.
Cold
Elongation
Creationism
Code
48. ______________ struggle is the struggle of organisms against the physical environment.
Environmental
Fungi
Intraspecific
Dinosaurs
49. The highest category in the Linnaean system of classification is the __________. At this level - organisms are distinguished on the basis of cellular organization and methods of nutrition.
Extinction
Kingdom
Mutations
Convergent
50. Homology has to be distinguished from ___________; for instance - the wings of insects and the wings of birds are analogous but not homologous.
Analogy
Mammals.
Hunter-gatherer
Homo erectus