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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Biology: Principles Of Evolution
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Subjects
:
clep
,
science
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. There are certain animals with intermediate characters between two major groups of animals. They are called ___________ _____.
Connecting links
Embryos
Binomial
Species
2. An important step toward the modern theory of evolution came in the 1760's - when Count George-Louis Leclerc de Buffon (1707-1788) published his Natural History of Animals with the idea that species __________ over time.
Protoplasm
Change
Founder.
Natural selection
3. An allele may increase - or decrease - in frequency simply through ___________. Not every member of the population will become a parent and not every set of parents will produce the same number of offspring.
Balanced
Genetic
Chance
Mollusca
4. All organisms are placed into one of five kingdoms: Monera - Protista - ________ - Plantae - Animalia.
Elongation
Chordata
Phylum
Fungi
5. The Regional ___________ Hypothesis suggests that regional populations of H. erectus evolved into H. sapiens through interbreeding between the various populations.
Species
Bipedal
Continuity
Sympatric
6. _____________ struggle takes place between the individuals of the same species.
Embryos
Punctuated
Intraspecific
Neanderthals
7. For humans - the complete classification is: Kingdom (Animalia); Phylum (__________); Class (Mammalia); Order (Primates); Family (Hominidae); Genus (Homo); Species (Sapiens).
Increase
Mass
Fossils. A study of the fossil record helps to build a historical sequence of biological evolution of complex organisms from simple ancestors.
Chordata
8. Speciation by ____________ Equilibrium involves a group of creatures which gets isolated from the rest of their species.
New World
Homologous
Differential
Punctuated
9. Almost all _________ organisms are either plants or animals.
Phylogenetic
Beneficial
Mollusca
Macroscopic.
10. About 1.8 million years ago - early Homo gave rise to _______ ________ - the species thought to have been ancestral to our own.
33 phyla
Homo erectus
Connecting links
Mimicry
11. Biodiversity crashes during ________ extinctions. This has been a powerful force in evolution - wiping the slate clean of up to 96% of all species - and providing the survivors with a world full of opportunities into which they can diversify.
Neanderthals
Mass
Binomial
Founder.
12. The Neolithic transition - about 10 -000 years ago - involved the change from __________-__________ societies to agricultural ones based on cultivation of plants and domesticated animals.
Bipedal
Homologous
Hunter-gatherer
Mammals.
13. Linnaeus placed all monkeys and apes along with humans into the order _________
Triassic
Environment
Primates
Homologous
14. Scientific classification sorts living organisms by _________ levels of classification - kingdom; phylum; class; order; family; genus; and species.
Seven
Founder.
Fossil
Binomial
15. According to Darwin - in spite of the high reproductive potential - the number of individuals in a species remains relatively constant - suggesting _____________ for existence.
Struggle
Increase
Homologous
Fossils. A study of the fossil record helps to build a historical sequence of biological evolution of complex organisms from simple ancestors.
16. Members of the phylum _____________ have soft - unsegmented bodies that are usually - but not always - enclosed in hard shells.
Struggle
Homo
Mollusca
Evolution
17. Populations begin to diverge when gene flow between them is restricted. Geographic isolation is often the first step in ____________ speciation.
Binomial
Evolution
Allopatric
Protista
18. ____________ reproduction - whether reproduction proceeds with lesser or greater success - is central to the process of natural selection; it determines whether a given mutation becomes established in the general population.
Mollusca
Function
Increase
Differential
19. The early stages of development of the ___________ of fish - salamander - tortoise - hen and man show remarkable similarity.
Adaptive radiation
Increase
Function
Embryos
20. At some time in their life cycle - chordates have a pair of lateral gill slits or pouches used to obtain __________ in a liquid environment.
Oxygen
Phylum
Protista
Beneficial
21. As populations diverge - they form similar but related species. When are two populations new species? When populations no longer _____________ they are thought to be separate species.
Interspecific
Interbreed
Allele
Out-of-Africa
22. In a genetic drift the entire population may become homozygous for the allele or - equally likely - the allele may disappear. Before either of these fates occurs - the allele represents a Polymorphism. This is a case of polymorphism through...
Intraspecific
Environment
Genetic drift
Species
23. Most anthropologists agree that the ______ _______ was populated by a series of three migrations over the temporary land connection between Asia and North America.
Baseline
Genus
Mass
New World
24. _____________ is the end of a particular evolutionary line - the end of a species - a family - or a larger group of organisms.
Evolved
Evolution
Extinction
Genetic
25. At the molecular level - life's ability to reproduce begins with the replication of ____________ - during which two new spirals are created that are exact replicas of the original molecule.
Fossil
DNA
Continuity
New World
26. When Charles Darwin was in the Galapagos islands - one of the first things he noticed is the variety of ___________ that existed on each of the islands.
Homologous
Mollusca
Finches
Bipedal
27. The study of ____________ ____________ supports the claim of a common origin of organisms.
Biodiversity
Allele
Comparative anatomy.
Sympatric
28. Some important structural changes during the evolution of horse are: Increase in size from 11' (Eohippus) to about 60' (Equus) - and ___________ of the head and neck so as that it can reach the ground.
Elongation
Fungi
Environment
Monera
29. A comparative study of physiology and biochemistry also supports the common origin for different organisms. The _____________ of all organisms cells is more or less same in composition.
Protoplasm
Baseline
Beneficial
Evolved
30. Immediately below kingdom is the _________ level of classification. At this level - animals are grouped together based on similarities in basic body plan or organization.
Phylum
Species
Primates
Genetic drift
31. ______________ struggle is the struggle of organisms against the physical environment.
Environmental
Fossil
Genetic
Triassic
32. The ____________ mammals occupy Australia - and differ from placental mammals because they bear their young inside a pouch (instead of a placenta).
Creationism
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
Code
Fungi
33. _____________ can occur randomly - from radiation damage (impact with high energy g-rays or cosmic rays) - from exposure to chemical agents called mutagens - or simply by error in the DNA replication process.
Mutations
Code
Sympatric
Comparative anatomy.
34. Darwin's Finches illustrated ___________ ____________. This is where species all deriving from a common ancestor have over time successfully adapted to their environment via natural selection.
Genetic
Mollusca
Adaptive radiation
Binomial
35. The highest category in the Linnaean system of classification is the __________. At this level - organisms are distinguished on the basis of cellular organization and methods of nutrition.
Continuity
Kingdom
Interbreed
Allele
36. ___________ evolution is an evolutionary process in which organisms not closely related independently acquire some characteristic or characteristics in common.
Convergent
Mammals.
Creationism
Hardy-Weinberg
37. If a population began with a few individuals - one or more of whom carried a particular allele - that allele may come to be represented in many of the descendants. This is known as ____________.
33 phyla
Seven
Polymorphism
Genus
38. _________ evidence shows that the horse has undergone considerable evolutionary change over a period of 60 million years.
Comparative anatomy.
Mutations
Fire
Fossil
39. The __________ kingdom consists of one-celled organisms as well - but differs from the Monera kingdom in that it consists of eukaryotes.
Natural selection
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
Evolution
Protista
40. Jean Baptiste de Lamarck (1744-1829) developed one of the first theories on how species changed. Lamarck - in 1809 - concluded that organisms of higher complexity had __________ from preexisting - less complex organisms.
Bipedal
Homo erectus
Evolved
Species
41. A ___________ can be defined as one or more populations of interbreeding organisms that are reproductively isolated in nature from all other organisms.
Species
Environment
Embryos
Natural selection
42. Heritable variations are called _____________ variations. Such variations arising from changes in DNA are passed on within families and to the offspring from the parents.
Change
Genetic
Genetic drift
Interbreed
43. Insect ____________ is also an example of convergent evolution - as for example when an edible (palatable) butterfly develops a color pattern similar to a relatively unrelated inedible (unpalatable) butterfly - and by so doing escapes being eaten.
Mimicry
Biodiversity
Baseline
Connecting links
44. In general if two genes have an almost identical DNA sequence - it is likely that they are ____________.
Founder.
Evolved
Homologous
Microevolution
45. Differential reproduction allows one species to gradually evolve into a new species. This is the process of ____________.
Phylogenetic
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
Triassic
Evolution
46. The _______-_________ Law states that an equilibrium of allele frequencies in a gene pool remains in effect in each succeeding generation of a sexually reproducing population if five conditions are met.
Hardy-Weinberg
Increase
DNA
Balanced
47. _________ ______ disease causes anemia - joint pain - a swollen spleen - and frequent - severe infections. It illustrates balanced polymorphism because carriers are resistant to malaria - an infection by the parasite that causes cycles of chills and
Sickle Cell
Mass
Founder.
Allele
48. Despite their image as brutish simpletons - _____________were the first humans to bury their dead with artifacts - indicating abstract thought - perhaps a belief in an after-life.
Chance
Neanderthals
Africa
Microevolution
49. Almost all living organisms use the same basic biochemical molecules - including DNA - ATP - and many identical or nearly identical enzymes. Organisms utilize the same DNA triplet base _________ and the same 20 amino acids in their proteins
Oxygen
Mass
Code
Function
50. About 2 million years ago - two groups developed: the australopithecines - generally smaller brained and not users of tools; and the line that led to genus _________ - larger brained and makers and users of tools.
Oxygen
Natural selection
Homo
Evolution