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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Biology: Principles Of Evolution
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Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
science
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Organisms struggle for existence. Organisms with advantageous characters survive - while those which lack such variations perish. The advantageous characters are passed on to the offsprings generation after generation and the organisms become better
Natural selection
Interspecific
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
Convergent
2. Darwin's Finches illustrated ___________ ____________. This is where species all deriving from a common ancestor have over time successfully adapted to their environment via natural selection.
Bipedal
Macroscopic.
Adaptive radiation
Embryos
3. Almost all living organisms use the same basic biochemical molecules - including DNA - ATP - and many identical or nearly identical enzymes. Organisms utilize the same DNA triplet base _________ and the same 20 amino acids in their proteins
Primates
Homologous
Natural selection
Code
4. Homology has to be distinguished from ___________; for instance - the wings of insects and the wings of birds are analogous but not homologous.
Mutations
Punctuated
Analogy
Natural selection
5. The Regional ___________ Hypothesis suggests that regional populations of H. erectus evolved into H. sapiens through interbreeding between the various populations.
Continuity
Polymorphism
Hardy-Weinberg
Microevolution
6. A Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium provides a ___________ by which to judge whether evolution has occurred.
Homo
Baseline
Embryos
Homologous
7. When carriers have advantages that allow a detrimental allele to persist in a population - ______________ polymorphism is at work.
Balanced
Natural selection
Founder.
Comparative anatomy.
8. Populations begin to diverge when gene flow between them is restricted. Geographic isolation is often the first step in ____________ speciation.
Elongation
Allopatric
Cold
Intraspecific
9. Most anthropologists agree that the ______ _______ was populated by a series of three migrations over the temporary land connection between Asia and North America.
Seven
New World
Struggle
Fire
10. The study of ____________ ____________ supports the claim of a common origin of organisms.
Genetic drift
Comparative anatomy.
Out-of-Africa
Finches
11. Heritable variations are called _____________ variations. Such variations arising from changes in DNA are passed on within families and to the offspring from the parents.
Environmental
New World
Macroscopic.
Genetic
12. _____________ is the accumulation of small changes in a gene pool over a relatively short period.
Function
Embryos
Mollusca
Microevolution
13. A ____________ tree is a graphical means to depict the evolutionary relationships of a group of organisms.
Intraspecific
Mimicry
Phylogenetic
Chordata
14. Linnaeus placed all monkeys and apes along with humans into the order _________
Embryos
Phylum
Primates
Microevolution
15. Jean Baptiste de Lamarck (1744-1829) developed one of the first theories on how species changed. Lamarck - in 1809 - concluded that organisms of higher complexity had __________ from preexisting - less complex organisms.
Bipedal
Creationism
Evolved
DNA
16. The highest category in the Linnaean system of classification is the __________. At this level - organisms are distinguished on the basis of cellular organization and methods of nutrition.
Kingdom
Homologous
Homologous
Genus
17. Almost all _________ organisms are either plants or animals.
Macroscopic.
Interbreed
Baseline
Mimicry
18. Members of the phylum _____________ have soft - unsegmented bodies that are usually - but not always - enclosed in hard shells.
Mammals.
Differential
Mollusca
Intraspecific
19. The early stages of development of the ___________ of fish - salamander - tortoise - hen and man show remarkable similarity.
New World
Embryos
Homo
Change
20. Charles Darwin published a book The Origin of Species in the year 1859. He proposed that the new species came about by a process called ___________ __________.
Natural selection
Extinction
Cold
Triassic
21. According to Darwin - in spite of the high reproductive potential - the number of individuals in a species remains relatively constant - suggesting _____________ for existence.
Chance
Adaptive radiation
Struggle
Natural selection
22. _________ evidence shows that the horse has undergone considerable evolutionary change over a period of 60 million years.
Fossil
Microevolution
Chance
Genus
23. Insect ____________ is also an example of convergent evolution - as for example when an edible (palatable) butterfly develops a color pattern similar to a relatively unrelated inedible (unpalatable) butterfly - and by so doing escapes being eaten.
Mimicry
Finches
Sickle Cell
Founder.
24. Animals and plants show variations in physical structure. Some of these variations are simply caused by external conditions (environmental) - such as accidents - temperature - food abundance - etc.. ___________ variations have no effect on evolution
Elongation
Somatic
Punctuated
Interspecific
25. Except for the tail fins - whales greatly resemble fish in outline - but are instead descended from four-legged land ___________.
Environmental
Mammals.
Comparative anatomy.
Mass
26. _______________ is that branch of biology dealing with the identification and naming of organisms.
Environment
Taxonomy
Protista
Creationism
27. About 1.8 million years ago - early Homo gave rise to _______ ________ - the species thought to have been ancestral to our own.
Evolved
Sympatric
Homo erectus
Embryos
28. If a population began with a few individuals - one or more of whom carried a particular allele - that allele may come to be represented in many of the descendants. This is known as ____________.
Polymorphism
Bipedal
Phylogenetic
Change
29. Some important structural changes during the evolution of horse are: Increase in size from 11' (Eohippus) to about 60' (Equus) - and ___________ of the head and neck so as that it can reach the ground.
Elongation
Sympatric
Microevolution
Seven
30. In the 1680s Ariaantje and Gerrit Jansz emigrated from Holland to South Africa - one of them bringing along an allele for the mild metabolic disease porphyria. Today more than 30000 South Africans carry this allele and - in every case examined - can
Microevolution
Environment
Founder.
Evolved
31. Such a dual level designation is referred to as a _________ nomenclature.
Binomial
Protista
New World
Environmental
32. Humans are ____________ - meaning we walk on two of our limbs. The amount of melanin in our skin is representative of the environment we live in - i.e. dark skinned people occupy hotter climates.
Protoplasm
Bipedal
Sympatric
Genus
33. ___________ evolution is an evolutionary process in which organisms not closely related independently acquire some characteristic or characteristics in common.
Interspecific
Baseline
Convergent
33 phyla
34. A ___________ can be defined as one or more populations of interbreeding organisms that are reproductively isolated in nature from all other organisms.
Biodiversity
Out-of-Africa
Genus
Species
35. At the molecular level - life's ability to reproduce begins with the replication of ____________ - during which two new spirals are created that are exact replicas of the original molecule.
Founder.
Code
Convergent
DNA
36. The most recent mass extinction - the K-T extinction at the end of the Cretaceous period - is best known for having wiped out the __________ .
Out-of-Africa
Dinosaurs
Homology
Founder.
37. There are certain animals with intermediate characters between two major groups of animals. They are called ___________ _____.
DNA
Connecting links
Chordata
Function
38. ______________ struggle is the struggle of organisms against the physical environment.
Cold
Sickle Cell
Elongation
Environmental
39. ___________ speciation happens when members of a population develop some genetic difference that prevents them from reproducing with the parent type.
Struggle
Sympatric
Biodiversity
Seven
40. Despite their image as brutish simpletons - _____________were the first humans to bury their dead with artifacts - indicating abstract thought - perhaps a belief in an after-life.
Hunter-gatherer
Somatic
Creationism
Neanderthals
41. The ____________ mammals occupy Australia - and differ from placental mammals because they bear their young inside a pouch (instead of a placenta).
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
Interspecific
Allele
Homo erectus
42. _____________ can occur randomly - from radiation damage (impact with high energy g-rays or cosmic rays) - from exposure to chemical agents called mutagens - or simply by error in the DNA replication process.
Interspecific
Mutations
Chordata
Species
43. When Charles Darwin was in the Galapagos islands - one of the first things he noticed is the variety of ___________ that existed on each of the islands.
Binomial
Phylogenetic
Sexually
Finches
44. The only kingdom which consists of prokaryotes is the __________ kingdom.
Chance
Monera
Neanderthals
DNA
45. _____________ struggle takes place between the individuals of the same species.
Natural selection
Homo erectus
Change
Intraspecific
46. Prior to the scientific discoveries of the past 200 years - _____________ from the Book Of Genesis described how living things came into being.
Environment
Kingdom
Creationism
Convergent
47. Humans who have produced offspring that successfully live in a ________ environment tend to be broader and smaller in stature while hotter environments are occupied by thinner taller humans.
Dinosaurs
Interbreed
Cold
Evolution
48. All organisms are placed into one of five kingdoms: Monera - Protista - ________ - Plantae - Animalia.
Microevolution
Bipedal
Elongation
Fungi
49. _____________ is the end of a particular evolutionary line - the end of a species - a family - or a larger group of organisms.
Natural selection
Extinction
Struggle
Hunter-gatherer
50. _________ ______ disease causes anemia - joint pain - a swollen spleen - and frequent - severe infections. It illustrates balanced polymorphism because carriers are resistant to malaria - an infection by the parasite that causes cycles of chills and
Chance
Sickle Cell
Fossil
Intraspecific