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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Biology: Principles Of Evolution
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Subjects
:
clep
,
science
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Insect ____________ is also an example of convergent evolution - as for example when an edible (palatable) butterfly develops a color pattern similar to a relatively unrelated inedible (unpalatable) butterfly - and by so doing escapes being eaten.
Elongation
Mimicry
Connecting links
Homology
2. A Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium provides a ___________ by which to judge whether evolution has occurred.
Allopatric
Sexually
Baseline
Creationism
3. The only kingdom which consists of prokaryotes is the __________ kingdom.
Oxygen
Monera
33 phyla
Binomial
4. Mammals developed from primitive mammal-like reptiles during the __________ Period - some 200-245 million years ago.
Sickle Cell
Fungi
Triassic
Homo erectus
5. The most recent mass extinction - the K-T extinction at the end of the Cretaceous period - is best known for having wiped out the __________ .
Oxygen
Triassic
Dinosaurs
Intraspecific
6. As the finch population began to flourish in these advantageous conditions - ______________ competition became a factor - and resources on the islands were squeezed and could not sustain the population of the finches for long.
Code
Hardy-Weinberg
Mass
Intraspecific
7. Such a dual level designation is referred to as a _________ nomenclature.
Binomial
Mammals.
Microevolution
Environmental
8. Any change of _________ frequencies in a gene pool indicates that evolution has occurred. The Hardy-Weinberg law proposes that those factors that violate the conditions listed - cause evolution.
Fossil
Allele
Natural selection
Primates
9. Homology is also seen in the structure of eye - brain - joint appendages of arthropods - etc. It is thus evidence for ____________.
Finches
Allopatric
Evolution
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
10. ______________ struggle is the struggle of organisms against the physical environment.
Intraspecific
Environmental
Chance
Seven
11. The ______-____-______ Hypothesis proposes that some Homo erectus remained in Africa and continued to evolve into Homo sapiens - and left Africa about 100 -000-200 -000 years ago. From a single source - Homo sapiens replaced all populations of Homo e
Genus
Sexually
Environmental
Out-of-Africa
12. The early stages of development of the ___________ of fish - salamander - tortoise - hen and man show remarkable similarity.
Embryos
Homology
Binomial
Kingdom
13. As populations diverge - they form similar but related species. When are two populations new species? When populations no longer _____________ they are thought to be separate species.
Connecting links
Continuity
Environment
Interbreed
14. The _______-_________ Law states that an equilibrium of allele frequencies in a gene pool remains in effect in each succeeding generation of a sexually reproducing population if five conditions are met.
Hardy-Weinberg
Allele
Triassic
Fossils. A study of the fossil record helps to build a historical sequence of biological evolution of complex organisms from simple ancestors.
15. Linnaeus placed all monkeys and apes along with humans into the order _________
Primates
Polymorphism
Punctuated
Monera
16. Darwin reported that all organisms tend to _____________ in a geometric ratio provided there are no environmental checks. Even slow breeding animals like the elephant may theoretically give rise to 19 million descendants in a period of 750 years.
Environmental
Genetic drift
Increase
Homo
17. A ___________ can be defined as one or more populations of interbreeding organisms that are reproductively isolated in nature from all other organisms.
Mass
Species
Primates
Genetic drift
18. Members of the phylum _____________ have soft - unsegmented bodies that are usually - but not always - enclosed in hard shells.
Microevolution
DNA
Macroscopic.
Mollusca
19. Humans who have produced offspring that successfully live in a ________ environment tend to be broader and smaller in stature while hotter environments are occupied by thinner taller humans.
Cold
Biodiversity
Homo erectus
Comparative anatomy.
20. Except for the tail fins - whales greatly resemble fish in outline - but are instead descended from four-legged land ___________.
Environmental
Seven
Mammals.
33 phyla
21. Homo erectus was the first hominid to use ___________ - and have social structures for food gathering.
Allopatric
Analogy
Oxygen
Fire
22. Homology was defined by Darwin as similarity of structure and position - and distinguished from 'analogy -' which was defined as similarity of _____________ but not necessarily of structure and position.
Environmental
Neanderthals
Function
Binomial
23. _____________ struggle takes place between the individuals of the same species.
Homologous
Embryos
Intraspecific
Change
24. ___________ speciation happens when members of a population develop some genetic difference that prevents them from reproducing with the parent type.
Hunter-gatherer
Sympatric
Struggle
Dinosaurs
25. _____________ is the end of a particular evolutionary line - the end of a species - a family - or a larger group of organisms.
Out-of-Africa
Extinction
Struggle
Hunter-gatherer
26. In general if two genes have an almost identical DNA sequence - it is likely that they are ____________.
Homologous
Genetic drift
Homology
Balanced
27. There are certain animals with intermediate characters between two major groups of animals. They are called ___________ _____.
Evolution
Connecting links
Hardy-Weinberg
Environment
28. When Charles Darwin was in the Galapagos islands - one of the first things he noticed is the variety of ___________ that existed on each of the islands.
Triassic
Interbreed
Fungi
Finches
29. If a population began with a few individuals - one or more of whom carried a particular allele - that allele may come to be represented in many of the descendants. This is known as ____________.
Primates
Polymorphism
Homo
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
30. _________ ______ disease causes anemia - joint pain - a swollen spleen - and frequent - severe infections. It illustrates balanced polymorphism because carriers are resistant to malaria - an infection by the parasite that causes cycles of chills and
Chance
Founder.
Beneficial
Sickle Cell
31. The __________ kingdom consists of one-celled organisms as well - but differs from the Monera kingdom in that it consists of eukaryotes.
Continuity
Phylogenetic
Protista
Evolution
32. _____________ can occur randomly - from radiation damage (impact with high energy g-rays or cosmic rays) - from exposure to chemical agents called mutagens - or simply by error in the DNA replication process.
Triassic
Comparative anatomy.
Mutations
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
33. Primates evolved about approximately 30 million years ago in ___________. One branch of primates evolved into the Old and New World Monkeys - the other into the hominoids (the line of descent common to both apes and man).
Africa
Sympatric
Analogy
Extinction
34. ___________ evolution is an evolutionary process in which organisms not closely related independently acquire some characteristic or characteristics in common.
Increase
Convergent
Evolved
Triassic
35. Biodiversity crashes during ________ extinctions. This has been a powerful force in evolution - wiping the slate clean of up to 96% of all species - and providing the survivors with a world full of opportunities into which they can diversify.
Genetic drift
Continuity
Homo erectus
Mass
36. At the molecular level - life's ability to reproduce begins with the replication of ____________ - during which two new spirals are created that are exact replicas of the original molecule.
Macroscopic.
Elongation
DNA
Natural selection
37. _________ evidence shows that the horse has undergone considerable evolutionary change over a period of 60 million years.
Phylogenetic
Fossil
Environmental
Connecting links
38. Almost all living organisms use the same basic biochemical molecules - including DNA - ATP - and many identical or nearly identical enzymes. Organisms utilize the same DNA triplet base _________ and the same 20 amino acids in their proteins
Founder.
Comparative anatomy.
Code
Struggle
39. In a genetic drift the entire population may become homozygous for the allele or - equally likely - the allele may disappear. Before either of these fates occurs - the allele represents a Polymorphism. This is a case of polymorphism through...
Species
Mimicry
Evolution
Genetic drift
40. Extinctions - mostly at the level of species - have been occurring constantly at a low 'background rate' - usually matched by the rate at which new species appear - with the result that ____________ is constantly increasing.
Balanced
Biodiversity
Natural selection
Species
41. Immediately below kingdom is the _________ level of classification. At this level - animals are grouped together based on similarities in basic body plan or organization.
Phylum
Fire
Chordata
Beneficial
42. An important step toward the modern theory of evolution came in the 1760's - when Count George-Louis Leclerc de Buffon (1707-1788) published his Natural History of Animals with the idea that species __________ over time.
Adaptive radiation
Dinosaurs
Allele
Change
43. Differential reproduction allows one species to gradually evolve into a new species. This is the process of ____________.
Bipedal
Allele
Macroscopic.
Evolution
44. The highest category in the Linnaean system of classification is the __________. At this level - organisms are distinguished on the basis of cellular organization and methods of nutrition.
Chance
Chordata
Change
Kingdom
45. The study of ____________ ____________ supports the claim of a common origin of organisms.
Extinction
Comparative anatomy.
Fungi
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
46. _______________ is that branch of biology dealing with the identification and naming of organisms.
Sickle Cell
Interbreed
Taxonomy
Environment
47. The ____________ mammals occupy Australia - and differ from placental mammals because they bear their young inside a pouch (instead of a placenta).
Out-of-Africa
Protista
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
Dinosaurs
48. At some time in their life cycle - chordates have a pair of lateral gill slits or pouches used to obtain __________ in a liquid environment.
Oxygen
Baseline
Cold
Primates
49. Populations begin to diverge when gene flow between them is restricted. Geographic isolation is often the first step in ____________ speciation.
Allopatric
Differential
Genetic
Change
50. In the 1680s Ariaantje and Gerrit Jansz emigrated from Holland to South Africa - one of them bringing along an allele for the mild metabolic disease porphyria. Today more than 30000 South Africans carry this allele and - in every case examined - can
Founder.
Phylum
Dinosaurs
Kingdom