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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Biology: Principles Of Evolution
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Subjects
:
clep
,
science
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Extinctions - mostly at the level of species - have been occurring constantly at a low 'background rate' - usually matched by the rate at which new species appear - with the result that ____________ is constantly increasing.
Neanderthals
Natural selection
Dinosaurs
Biodiversity
2. Homo erectus was the first hominid to use ___________ - and have social structures for food gathering.
Protoplasm
Evolved
Fire
Macroscopic.
3. ______________ struggle is the struggle of organisms against the physical environment.
DNA
Balanced
Phylum
Environmental
4. An allele may increase - or decrease - in frequency simply through ___________. Not every member of the population will become a parent and not every set of parents will produce the same number of offspring.
Chance
Homo erectus
Connecting links
New World
5. An important step toward the modern theory of evolution came in the 1760's - when Count George-Louis Leclerc de Buffon (1707-1788) published his Natural History of Animals with the idea that species __________ over time.
Mass
Allopatric
Change
Out-of-Africa
6. The Neolithic transition - about 10 -000 years ago - involved the change from __________-__________ societies to agricultural ones based on cultivation of plants and domesticated animals.
Increase
Embryos
Extinction
Hunter-gatherer
7. The __________ kingdom consists of one-celled organisms as well - but differs from the Monera kingdom in that it consists of eukaryotes.
Protista
Oxygen
Genus
Embryos
8. A Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium provides a ___________ by which to judge whether evolution has occurred.
Baseline
Chordata
Dinosaurs
Analogy
9. _____________ can occur randomly - from radiation damage (impact with high energy g-rays or cosmic rays) - from exposure to chemical agents called mutagens - or simply by error in the DNA replication process.
Environmental
Fungi
Mutations
Taxonomy
10. Populations begin to diverge when gene flow between them is restricted. Geographic isolation is often the first step in ____________ speciation.
Mutations
Allopatric
Dinosaurs
Sympatric
11. At the molecular level - life's ability to reproduce begins with the replication of ____________ - during which two new spirals are created that are exact replicas of the original molecule.
Punctuated
Change
DNA
Mass
12. Heritable variations are called _____________ variations. Such variations arising from changes in DNA are passed on within families and to the offspring from the parents.
Genetic
Continuity
Mutations
Allopatric
13. The mutation may be harmful (resulting in a reduced probability of survival for the organism involved) - ____________ (it might also do its intended job better) or merely neutral (no effect at all).
Beneficial
Interspecific
Allopatric
Environment
14. The only kingdom which consists of prokaryotes is the __________ kingdom.
Species
Monera
Oxygen
Increase
15. Prior to the scientific discoveries of the past 200 years - _____________ from the Book Of Genesis described how living things came into being.
33 phyla
Seven
Creationism
Protista
16. Differential reproduction allows one species to gradually evolve into a new species. This is the process of ____________.
Interbreed
Sympatric
Continuity
Evolution
17. About 1.8 million years ago - early Homo gave rise to _______ ________ - the species thought to have been ancestral to our own.
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
Homo erectus
Fire
Macroscopic.
18. Despite their image as brutish simpletons - _____________were the first humans to bury their dead with artifacts - indicating abstract thought - perhaps a belief in an after-life.
Seven
Evolution
Neanderthals
Triassic
19. _____________ struggle takes place between the individuals of different species.
Convergent
Evolution
Fungi
Interspecific
20. The most recent mass extinction - the K-T extinction at the end of the Cretaceous period - is best known for having wiped out the __________ .
Dinosaurs
Finches
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
Sympatric
21. ___________ is a specific explanation of similarity of form seen in the biological world. In genetics - it is used in reference to protein or DNA sequences - meaning that the given sequences share ancestry.
Balanced
Homology
Seven
Creationism
22. Speciation by ____________ Equilibrium involves a group of creatures which gets isolated from the rest of their species.
Punctuated
Primates
Creationism
Genetic
23. Almost all _________ organisms are either plants or animals.
Somatic
Macroscopic.
Chance
Fire
24. _________ ______ disease causes anemia - joint pain - a swollen spleen - and frequent - severe infections. It illustrates balanced polymorphism because carriers are resistant to malaria - an infection by the parasite that causes cycles of chills and
Africa
Intraspecific
Sickle Cell
Mollusca
25. About 2 million years ago - two groups developed: the australopithecines - generally smaller brained and not users of tools; and the line that led to genus _________ - larger brained and makers and users of tools.
Creationism
Natural selection
Homo
Increase
26. The Regional ___________ Hypothesis suggests that regional populations of H. erectus evolved into H. sapiens through interbreeding between the various populations.
Continuity
Protista
Code
Interbreed
27. _____________ struggle takes place between the individuals of the same species.
Environment
Intraspecific
Hardy-Weinberg
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
28. _________ evidence shows that the horse has undergone considerable evolutionary change over a period of 60 million years.
Mollusca
Fire
Genetic
Fossil
29. Immediately below kingdom is the _________ level of classification. At this level - animals are grouped together based on similarities in basic body plan or organization.
Phylum
Taxonomy
Allopatric
Genetic drift
30. Homology is also seen in the structure of eye - brain - joint appendages of arthropods - etc. It is thus evidence for ____________.
Evolved
Comparative anatomy.
Evolution
Chance
31. Because organisms are continually tested by their changing ______________ - their forms change to suit new conditions.
Sexually
Environment
Increase
Genus
32. ____________ reproduction - whether reproduction proceeds with lesser or greater success - is central to the process of natural selection; it determines whether a given mutation becomes established in the general population.
Sexually
Differential
Code
Out-of-Africa
33. The Linnaean system uses two Latin name categories - ________ and species - to designate each type of organism.
Punctuated
Primates
Interspecific
Genus
34. In species which reproduce _____________ - extinction of a species is generally inevitable when there is only one individual of that species left - or only individuals of a single sex.
Biodiversity
Sexually
Comparative anatomy.
Finches
35. Darwin reported that all organisms tend to _____________ in a geometric ratio provided there are no environmental checks. Even slow breeding animals like the elephant may theoretically give rise to 19 million descendants in a period of 750 years.
Evolved
Differential
Genetic drift
Increase
36. The study of ____________ ____________ supports the claim of a common origin of organisms.
Comparative anatomy.
Evolution
Embryos
Cold
37. The early stages of development of the ___________ of fish - salamander - tortoise - hen and man show remarkable similarity.
Seven
Oxygen
Embryos
Differential
38. Humans who have produced offspring that successfully live in a ________ environment tend to be broader and smaller in stature while hotter environments are occupied by thinner taller humans.
Cold
Fire
Beneficial
Macroscopic.
39. When carriers have advantages that allow a detrimental allele to persist in a population - ______________ polymorphism is at work.
Balanced
Change
Fire
Chance
40. ___________ speciation happens when members of a population develop some genetic difference that prevents them from reproducing with the parent type.
New World
Fungi
Cold
Sympatric
41. Any change of _________ frequencies in a gene pool indicates that evolution has occurred. The Hardy-Weinberg law proposes that those factors that violate the conditions listed - cause evolution.
Sympatric
Allele
Macroscopic.
Somatic
42. Darwin's Finches illustrated ___________ ____________. This is where species all deriving from a common ancestor have over time successfully adapted to their environment via natural selection.
Environment
Struggle
Adaptive radiation
Species
43. __________ are the remains of organisms that lived in the past.
Polymorphism
Fossils. A study of the fossil record helps to build a historical sequence of biological evolution of complex organisms from simple ancestors.
Species
Microevolution
44. ____________ organs are formed on the same basic plan though they may be modified variously to perform different functions. They must have a common ancestral structure which gave rise to different modifications.
Seven
Protista
Genetic
Homologous
45. Organisms struggle for existence. Organisms with advantageous characters survive - while those which lack such variations perish. The advantageous characters are passed on to the offsprings generation after generation and the organisms become better
Natural selection
Mimicry
Baseline
Adaptive radiation
46. Except for the tail fins - whales greatly resemble fish in outline - but are instead descended from four-legged land ___________.
Embryos
Allopatric
Mammals.
Homology
47. In general if two genes have an almost identical DNA sequence - it is likely that they are ____________.
Differential
Connecting links
Fossil
Homologous
48. There are at least ___________ of animals. Humans are members of the phylum Chordata.
Interbreed
Differential
Struggle
33 phyla
49. Mammals developed from primitive mammal-like reptiles during the __________ Period - some 200-245 million years ago.
Chordata
Species
Triassic
Evolution
50. Scientific classification sorts living organisms by _________ levels of classification - kingdom; phylum; class; order; family; genus; and species.
Polymorphism
Binomial
Founder.
Seven