SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Biology: Principles Of Evolution
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
science
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Scientific classification sorts living organisms by _________ levels of classification - kingdom; phylum; class; order; family; genus; and species.
Phylum
Protista
Connecting links
Seven
2. As populations diverge - they form similar but related species. When are two populations new species? When populations no longer _____________ they are thought to be separate species.
Analogy
Interbreed
Struggle
Function
3. ___________ evolution is an evolutionary process in which organisms not closely related independently acquire some characteristic or characteristics in common.
Homologous
Founder.
Convergent
Macroscopic.
4. The mutation may be harmful (resulting in a reduced probability of survival for the organism involved) - ____________ (it might also do its intended job better) or merely neutral (no effect at all).
Protista
Homo erectus
Beneficial
Fossils. A study of the fossil record helps to build a historical sequence of biological evolution of complex organisms from simple ancestors.
5. ___________ speciation happens when members of a population develop some genetic difference that prevents them from reproducing with the parent type.
Neanderthals
Mollusca
Somatic
Sympatric
6. Darwin's Finches illustrated ___________ ____________. This is where species all deriving from a common ancestor have over time successfully adapted to their environment via natural selection.
Cold
Protista
Adaptive radiation
Increase
7. Extinctions - mostly at the level of species - have been occurring constantly at a low 'background rate' - usually matched by the rate at which new species appear - with the result that ____________ is constantly increasing.
Biodiversity
Evolved
Analogy
Chance
8. In a genetic drift the entire population may become homozygous for the allele or - equally likely - the allele may disappear. Before either of these fates occurs - the allele represents a Polymorphism. This is a case of polymorphism through...
Genetic drift
Finches
Creationism
Natural selection
9. As the finch population began to flourish in these advantageous conditions - ______________ competition became a factor - and resources on the islands were squeezed and could not sustain the population of the finches for long.
Intraspecific
Out-of-Africa
Kingdom
Evolution
10. When carriers have advantages that allow a detrimental allele to persist in a population - ______________ polymorphism is at work.
Environment
Balanced
Natural selection
Sexually
11. A ___________ can be defined as one or more populations of interbreeding organisms that are reproductively isolated in nature from all other organisms.
Africa
Natural selection
Species
Fungi
12. An allele may increase - or decrease - in frequency simply through ___________. Not every member of the population will become a parent and not every set of parents will produce the same number of offspring.
Natural selection
Punctuated
Kingdom
Chance
13. Homology has to be distinguished from ___________; for instance - the wings of insects and the wings of birds are analogous but not homologous.
Mammals.
Extinction
Analogy
Sexually
14. Differential reproduction allows one species to gradually evolve into a new species. This is the process of ____________.
Beneficial
Hardy-Weinberg
Out-of-Africa
Evolution
15. ____________ reproduction - whether reproduction proceeds with lesser or greater success - is central to the process of natural selection; it determines whether a given mutation becomes established in the general population.
Convergent
Differential
Out-of-Africa
Connecting links
16. _____________ is the accumulation of small changes in a gene pool over a relatively short period.
Microevolution
Hunter-gatherer
33 phyla
Triassic
17. Most anthropologists agree that the ______ _______ was populated by a series of three migrations over the temporary land connection between Asia and North America.
Mimicry
Somatic
New World
Baseline
18. Charles Darwin published a book The Origin of Species in the year 1859. He proposed that the new species came about by a process called ___________ __________.
Convergent
Increase
Taxonomy
Natural selection
19. The highest category in the Linnaean system of classification is the __________. At this level - organisms are distinguished on the basis of cellular organization and methods of nutrition.
Connecting links
Beneficial
Kingdom
Allopatric
20. The Neolithic transition - about 10 -000 years ago - involved the change from __________-__________ societies to agricultural ones based on cultivation of plants and domesticated animals.
Hunter-gatherer
Natural selection
Species
Elongation
21. _____________ struggle takes place between the individuals of different species.
Intraspecific
Interspecific
Hunter-gatherer
Fire
22. Organisms struggle for existence. Organisms with advantageous characters survive - while those which lack such variations perish. The advantageous characters are passed on to the offsprings generation after generation and the organisms become better
DNA
Chance
Natural selection
Protista
23. _____________ can occur randomly - from radiation damage (impact with high energy g-rays or cosmic rays) - from exposure to chemical agents called mutagens - or simply by error in the DNA replication process.
Baseline
Species
Mutations
Evolved
24. Animals and plants show variations in physical structure. Some of these variations are simply caused by external conditions (environmental) - such as accidents - temperature - food abundance - etc.. ___________ variations have no effect on evolution
Monera
Somatic
Chance
Polymorphism
25. Because organisms are continually tested by their changing ______________ - their forms change to suit new conditions.
Baseline
Environment
Biodiversity
Sickle Cell
26. For humans - the complete classification is: Kingdom (Animalia); Phylum (__________); Class (Mammalia); Order (Primates); Family (Hominidae); Genus (Homo); Species (Sapiens).
Chordata
Primates
Homo erectus
DNA
27. _________ ______ disease causes anemia - joint pain - a swollen spleen - and frequent - severe infections. It illustrates balanced polymorphism because carriers are resistant to malaria - an infection by the parasite that causes cycles of chills and
Polymorphism
Macroscopic.
Elongation
Sickle Cell
28. Biodiversity crashes during ________ extinctions. This has been a powerful force in evolution - wiping the slate clean of up to 96% of all species - and providing the survivors with a world full of opportunities into which they can diversify.
Change
Mass
Embryos
Evolved
29. __________ are the remains of organisms that lived in the past.
Connecting links
Fossils. A study of the fossil record helps to build a historical sequence of biological evolution of complex organisms from simple ancestors.
Natural selection
Environment
30. _____________ struggle takes place between the individuals of the same species.
Beneficial
Analogy
Macroscopic.
Intraspecific
31. The ____________ mammals occupy Australia - and differ from placental mammals because they bear their young inside a pouch (instead of a placenta).
Fossil
Phylogenetic
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
Bipedal
32. There are certain animals with intermediate characters between two major groups of animals. They are called ___________ _____.
Connecting links
Balanced
Evolution
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
33. ______________ struggle is the struggle of organisms against the physical environment.
Somatic
Balanced
Genetic drift
Environmental
34. The _______-_________ Law states that an equilibrium of allele frequencies in a gene pool remains in effect in each succeeding generation of a sexually reproducing population if five conditions are met.
Sympatric
Embryos
Baseline
Hardy-Weinberg
35. Some important structural changes during the evolution of horse are: Increase in size from 11' (Eohippus) to about 60' (Equus) - and ___________ of the head and neck so as that it can reach the ground.
Elongation
Genetic
Creationism
Allele
36. Heritable variations are called _____________ variations. Such variations arising from changes in DNA are passed on within families and to the offspring from the parents.
Oxygen
Genetic
Balanced
Comparative anatomy.
37. About 2 million years ago - two groups developed: the australopithecines - generally smaller brained and not users of tools; and the line that led to genus _________ - larger brained and makers and users of tools.
Extinction
Mammals.
Analogy
Homo
38. A ____________ tree is a graphical means to depict the evolutionary relationships of a group of organisms.
Fungi
Genus
Phylogenetic
Continuity
39. In general if two genes have an almost identical DNA sequence - it is likely that they are ____________.
Binomial
Adaptive radiation
Homologous
Comparative anatomy.
40. Linnaeus placed all monkeys and apes along with humans into the order _________
Struggle
Punctuated
Primates
Fungi
41. Mammals developed from primitive mammal-like reptiles during the __________ Period - some 200-245 million years ago.
Connecting links
Chordata
Hardy-Weinberg
Triassic
42. Humans who have produced offspring that successfully live in a ________ environment tend to be broader and smaller in stature while hotter environments are occupied by thinner taller humans.
Cold
Seven
Mutations
Evolution
43. _______________ is that branch of biology dealing with the identification and naming of organisms.
Taxonomy
Microevolution
Punctuated
Mammals.
44. The most recent mass extinction - the K-T extinction at the end of the Cretaceous period - is best known for having wiped out the __________ .
Change
Fire
Taxonomy
Dinosaurs
45. Jean Baptiste de Lamarck (1744-1829) developed one of the first theories on how species changed. Lamarck - in 1809 - concluded that organisms of higher complexity had __________ from preexisting - less complex organisms.
Somatic
Natural selection
Continuity
Evolved
46. There are at least ___________ of animals. Humans are members of the phylum Chordata.
Triassic
33 phyla
Natural selection
Chordata
47. The Regional ___________ Hypothesis suggests that regional populations of H. erectus evolved into H. sapiens through interbreeding between the various populations.
Evolution
Cold
Continuity
Analogy
48. Except for the tail fins - whales greatly resemble fish in outline - but are instead descended from four-legged land ___________.
Protoplasm
Polymorphism
Mammals.
Taxonomy
49. All organisms are placed into one of five kingdoms: Monera - Protista - ________ - Plantae - Animalia.
Allele
Mass
Comparative anatomy.
Fungi
50. At the molecular level - life's ability to reproduce begins with the replication of ____________ - during which two new spirals are created that are exact replicas of the original molecule.
Chordata
Elongation
Interbreed
DNA