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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Biology: Principles Of Evolution
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Subjects
:
clep
,
science
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Homo erectus was the first hominid to use ___________ - and have social structures for food gathering.
Fire
Triassic
Environmental
Bipedal
2. According to Darwin - in spite of the high reproductive potential - the number of individuals in a species remains relatively constant - suggesting _____________ for existence.
Neanderthals
Founder.
Evolved
Struggle
3. _____________ struggle takes place between the individuals of the same species.
Analogy
Phylogenetic
Intraspecific
Taxonomy
4. Immediately below kingdom is the _________ level of classification. At this level - animals are grouped together based on similarities in basic body plan or organization.
Africa
Macroscopic.
Mimicry
Phylum
5. All organisms are placed into one of five kingdoms: Monera - Protista - ________ - Plantae - Animalia.
Genetic
Evolved
Fungi
Mammals.
6. At some time in their life cycle - chordates have a pair of lateral gill slits or pouches used to obtain __________ in a liquid environment.
Allele
Protista
Oxygen
Homo
7. ___________ evolution is an evolutionary process in which organisms not closely related independently acquire some characteristic or characteristics in common.
Hunter-gatherer
Natural selection
Homology
Convergent
8. Members of the phylum _____________ have soft - unsegmented bodies that are usually - but not always - enclosed in hard shells.
Mollusca
Evolution
Function
Out-of-Africa
9. In general if two genes have an almost identical DNA sequence - it is likely that they are ____________.
Homologous
Allopatric
Punctuated
Sympatric
10. The _______-_________ Law states that an equilibrium of allele frequencies in a gene pool remains in effect in each succeeding generation of a sexually reproducing population if five conditions are met.
Cold
Mollusca
Hardy-Weinberg
Function
11. When carriers have advantages that allow a detrimental allele to persist in a population - ______________ polymorphism is at work.
Dinosaurs
Sexually
Balanced
Beneficial
12. Differential reproduction allows one species to gradually evolve into a new species. This is the process of ____________.
Dinosaurs
Kingdom
Evolution
33 phyla
13. _____________ struggle takes place between the individuals of different species.
Intraspecific
Neanderthals
Interspecific
Homology
14. ____________ reproduction - whether reproduction proceeds with lesser or greater success - is central to the process of natural selection; it determines whether a given mutation becomes established in the general population.
Hardy-Weinberg
Differential
Creationism
Punctuated
15. Some important structural changes during the evolution of horse are: Increase in size from 11' (Eohippus) to about 60' (Equus) - and ___________ of the head and neck so as that it can reach the ground.
Evolved
Elongation
Genus
Punctuated
16. As the finch population began to flourish in these advantageous conditions - ______________ competition became a factor - and resources on the islands were squeezed and could not sustain the population of the finches for long.
Polymorphism
Baseline
Environmental
Intraspecific
17. Homology is also seen in the structure of eye - brain - joint appendages of arthropods - etc. It is thus evidence for ____________.
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
Evolution
Code
Phylum
18. Any change of _________ frequencies in a gene pool indicates that evolution has occurred. The Hardy-Weinberg law proposes that those factors that violate the conditions listed - cause evolution.
Bipedal
Allele
Change
Mammals.
19. The mutation may be harmful (resulting in a reduced probability of survival for the organism involved) - ____________ (it might also do its intended job better) or merely neutral (no effect at all).
Triassic
Polymorphism
Beneficial
Mammals.
20. The only kingdom which consists of prokaryotes is the __________ kingdom.
Seven
Monera
Finches
Evolution
21. The highest category in the Linnaean system of classification is the __________. At this level - organisms are distinguished on the basis of cellular organization and methods of nutrition.
Genus
Comparative anatomy.
Kingdom
Balanced
22. Charles Darwin published a book The Origin of Species in the year 1859. He proposed that the new species came about by a process called ___________ __________.
Genetic
Natural selection
Convergent
Mammals.
23. There are at least ___________ of animals. Humans are members of the phylum Chordata.
33 phyla
Binomial
Hardy-Weinberg
Founder.
24. The most recent mass extinction - the K-T extinction at the end of the Cretaceous period - is best known for having wiped out the __________ .
Evolution
Finches
Continuity
Dinosaurs
25. A comparative study of physiology and biochemistry also supports the common origin for different organisms. The _____________ of all organisms cells is more or less same in composition.
DNA
Intraspecific
Protoplasm
Struggle
26. Insect ____________ is also an example of convergent evolution - as for example when an edible (palatable) butterfly develops a color pattern similar to a relatively unrelated inedible (unpalatable) butterfly - and by so doing escapes being eaten.
Mimicry
Neanderthals
Change
Oxygen
27. Despite their image as brutish simpletons - _____________were the first humans to bury their dead with artifacts - indicating abstract thought - perhaps a belief in an after-life.
Primates
Change
Continuity
Neanderthals
28. Jean Baptiste de Lamarck (1744-1829) developed one of the first theories on how species changed. Lamarck - in 1809 - concluded that organisms of higher complexity had __________ from preexisting - less complex organisms.
Sexually
Evolved
Fossil
DNA
29. Animals and plants show variations in physical structure. Some of these variations are simply caused by external conditions (environmental) - such as accidents - temperature - food abundance - etc.. ___________ variations have no effect on evolution
Change
Natural selection
Allele
Somatic
30. Humans are ____________ - meaning we walk on two of our limbs. The amount of melanin in our skin is representative of the environment we live in - i.e. dark skinned people occupy hotter climates.
Bipedal
Oxygen
Protoplasm
Extinction
31. Except for the tail fins - whales greatly resemble fish in outline - but are instead descended from four-legged land ___________.
Struggle
Phylum
Natural selection
Mammals.
32. A ___________ can be defined as one or more populations of interbreeding organisms that are reproductively isolated in nature from all other organisms.
Species
Protista
Bipedal
Mutations
33. A ____________ tree is a graphical means to depict the evolutionary relationships of a group of organisms.
Phylogenetic
Triassic
Environment
Creationism
34. Because organisms are continually tested by their changing ______________ - their forms change to suit new conditions.
Environment
Homologous
Fire
Embryos
35. Darwin reported that all organisms tend to _____________ in a geometric ratio provided there are no environmental checks. Even slow breeding animals like the elephant may theoretically give rise to 19 million descendants in a period of 750 years.
Phylogenetic
Evolved
Protoplasm
Increase
36. If a population began with a few individuals - one or more of whom carried a particular allele - that allele may come to be represented in many of the descendants. This is known as ____________.
Polymorphism
Oxygen
Sickle Cell
Punctuated
37. Organisms struggle for existence. Organisms with advantageous characters survive - while those which lack such variations perish. The advantageous characters are passed on to the offsprings generation after generation and the organisms become better
Africa
Triassic
Neanderthals
Natural selection
38. The ______-____-______ Hypothesis proposes that some Homo erectus remained in Africa and continued to evolve into Homo sapiens - and left Africa about 100 -000-200 -000 years ago. From a single source - Homo sapiens replaced all populations of Homo e
Out-of-Africa
Evolved
Oxygen
Polymorphism
39. Mammals developed from primitive mammal-like reptiles during the __________ Period - some 200-245 million years ago.
Finches
Evolved
Fire
Triassic
40. Primates evolved about approximately 30 million years ago in ___________. One branch of primates evolved into the Old and New World Monkeys - the other into the hominoids (the line of descent common to both apes and man).
Macroscopic.
Africa
Interspecific
Dinosaurs
41. An important step toward the modern theory of evolution came in the 1760's - when Count George-Louis Leclerc de Buffon (1707-1788) published his Natural History of Animals with the idea that species __________ over time.
Convergent
Polymorphism
Sickle Cell
Change
42. ____________ organs are formed on the same basic plan though they may be modified variously to perform different functions. They must have a common ancestral structure which gave rise to different modifications.
Homologous
Change
Chance
Monera
43. Scientific classification sorts living organisms by _________ levels of classification - kingdom; phylum; class; order; family; genus; and species.
Homology
Africa
Chance
Seven
44. _____________ is the end of a particular evolutionary line - the end of a species - a family - or a larger group of organisms.
Sympatric
Phylogenetic
Extinction
Homology
45. The early stages of development of the ___________ of fish - salamander - tortoise - hen and man show remarkable similarity.
Sympatric
Punctuated
Embryos
Mutations
46. Speciation by ____________ Equilibrium involves a group of creatures which gets isolated from the rest of their species.
Homo
Comparative anatomy.
Homologous
Punctuated
47. ___________ speciation happens when members of a population develop some genetic difference that prevents them from reproducing with the parent type.
Monera
Homology
Balanced
Sympatric
48. For humans - the complete classification is: Kingdom (Animalia); Phylum (__________); Class (Mammalia); Order (Primates); Family (Hominidae); Genus (Homo); Species (Sapiens).
Natural selection
Interbreed
Chordata
Fossils. A study of the fossil record helps to build a historical sequence of biological evolution of complex organisms from simple ancestors.
49. ______________ struggle is the struggle of organisms against the physical environment.
Polymorphism
Mollusca
Environmental
Sexually
50. When Charles Darwin was in the Galapagos islands - one of the first things he noticed is the variety of ___________ that existed on each of the islands.
Finches
New World
Hunter-gatherer
Differential
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