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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Biology: Principles Of Evolution
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Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
science
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When Charles Darwin was in the Galapagos islands - one of the first things he noticed is the variety of ___________ that existed on each of the islands.
Genus
Finches
Evolved
Monera
2. At some time in their life cycle - chordates have a pair of lateral gill slits or pouches used to obtain __________ in a liquid environment.
Intraspecific
Connecting links
Oxygen
Macroscopic.
3. Populations begin to diverge when gene flow between them is restricted. Geographic isolation is often the first step in ____________ speciation.
Monera
Allopatric
Out-of-Africa
Genetic
4. There are certain animals with intermediate characters between two major groups of animals. They are called ___________ _____.
Connecting links
Homology
Analogy
Mammals.
5. Homo erectus was the first hominid to use ___________ - and have social structures for food gathering.
Monera
Mutations
Elongation
Fire
6. The Regional ___________ Hypothesis suggests that regional populations of H. erectus evolved into H. sapiens through interbreeding between the various populations.
Continuity
Sympatric
Intraspecific
Primates
7. An important step toward the modern theory of evolution came in the 1760's - when Count George-Louis Leclerc de Buffon (1707-1788) published his Natural History of Animals with the idea that species __________ over time.
Baseline
Monera
Change
Bipedal
8. Mammals developed from primitive mammal-like reptiles during the __________ Period - some 200-245 million years ago.
Triassic
Homo
Code
Fossil
9. There are at least ___________ of animals. Humans are members of the phylum Chordata.
33 phyla
Extinction
Environment
Genus
10. When carriers have advantages that allow a detrimental allele to persist in a population - ______________ polymorphism is at work.
Intraspecific
Convergent
Balanced
Polymorphism
11. The __________ kingdom consists of one-celled organisms as well - but differs from the Monera kingdom in that it consists of eukaryotes.
Seven
Hunter-gatherer
Protista
Evolved
12. The highest category in the Linnaean system of classification is the __________. At this level - organisms are distinguished on the basis of cellular organization and methods of nutrition.
Baseline
Kingdom
Mutations
Comparative anatomy.
13. The study of ____________ ____________ supports the claim of a common origin of organisms.
Comparative anatomy.
Dinosaurs
Baseline
Interbreed
14. Homology has to be distinguished from ___________; for instance - the wings of insects and the wings of birds are analogous but not homologous.
Oxygen
Chordata
Analogy
Microevolution
15. Almost all _________ organisms are either plants or animals.
Monera
Macroscopic.
Protista
Sickle Cell
16. Organisms struggle for existence. Organisms with advantageous characters survive - while those which lack such variations perish. The advantageous characters are passed on to the offsprings generation after generation and the organisms become better
Biodiversity
Founder.
Natural selection
Homologous
17. Scientific classification sorts living organisms by _________ levels of classification - kingdom; phylum; class; order; family; genus; and species.
Chordata
Seven
Dinosaurs
Connecting links
18. Differential reproduction allows one species to gradually evolve into a new species. This is the process of ____________.
Cold
Punctuated
Evolution
Natural selection
19. A comparative study of physiology and biochemistry also supports the common origin for different organisms. The _____________ of all organisms cells is more or less same in composition.
Protoplasm
Interspecific
Environment
Elongation
20. Almost all living organisms use the same basic biochemical molecules - including DNA - ATP - and many identical or nearly identical enzymes. Organisms utilize the same DNA triplet base _________ and the same 20 amino acids in their proteins
Africa
Chance
Code
Hardy-Weinberg
21. The _______-_________ Law states that an equilibrium of allele frequencies in a gene pool remains in effect in each succeeding generation of a sexually reproducing population if five conditions are met.
Seven
Hardy-Weinberg
Genetic
Finches
22. ____________ organs are formed on the same basic plan though they may be modified variously to perform different functions. They must have a common ancestral structure which gave rise to different modifications.
Mutations
Polymorphism
Hunter-gatherer
Homologous
23. __________ are the remains of organisms that lived in the past.
Homo erectus
Phylogenetic
Allopatric
Fossils. A study of the fossil record helps to build a historical sequence of biological evolution of complex organisms from simple ancestors.
24. Some important structural changes during the evolution of horse are: Increase in size from 11' (Eohippus) to about 60' (Equus) - and ___________ of the head and neck so as that it can reach the ground.
Analogy
Elongation
Chance
Hardy-Weinberg
25. Humans who have produced offspring that successfully live in a ________ environment tend to be broader and smaller in stature while hotter environments are occupied by thinner taller humans.
Continuity
Cold
Struggle
Triassic
26. _____________ is the accumulation of small changes in a gene pool over a relatively short period.
Homology
Microevolution
Phylogenetic
Species
27. A Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium provides a ___________ by which to judge whether evolution has occurred.
Out-of-Africa
Baseline
Protoplasm
Natural selection
28. Insect ____________ is also an example of convergent evolution - as for example when an edible (palatable) butterfly develops a color pattern similar to a relatively unrelated inedible (unpalatable) butterfly - and by so doing escapes being eaten.
Homology
Mimicry
Beneficial
Balanced
29. The only kingdom which consists of prokaryotes is the __________ kingdom.
Natural selection
Hunter-gatherer
Monera
Fossil
30. About 2 million years ago - two groups developed: the australopithecines - generally smaller brained and not users of tools; and the line that led to genus _________ - larger brained and makers and users of tools.
Homo
Macroscopic.
Polymorphism
Mammals.
31. ___________ is a specific explanation of similarity of form seen in the biological world. In genetics - it is used in reference to protein or DNA sequences - meaning that the given sequences share ancestry.
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
Kingdom
Taxonomy
Homology
32. Extinctions - mostly at the level of species - have been occurring constantly at a low 'background rate' - usually matched by the rate at which new species appear - with the result that ____________ is constantly increasing.
New World
Punctuated
Mimicry
Biodiversity
33. Any change of _________ frequencies in a gene pool indicates that evolution has occurred. The Hardy-Weinberg law proposes that those factors that violate the conditions listed - cause evolution.
Mollusca
Extinction
Allele
Protoplasm
34. Jean Baptiste de Lamarck (1744-1829) developed one of the first theories on how species changed. Lamarck - in 1809 - concluded that organisms of higher complexity had __________ from preexisting - less complex organisms.
Monera
Extinction
Evolved
Convergent
35. Because organisms are continually tested by their changing ______________ - their forms change to suit new conditions.
Evolution
Evolved
Out-of-Africa
Environment
36. As populations diverge - they form similar but related species. When are two populations new species? When populations no longer _____________ they are thought to be separate species.
Dinosaurs
33 phyla
Interbreed
Homologous
37. ______________ struggle is the struggle of organisms against the physical environment.
Allopatric
Convergent
Microevolution
Environmental
38. At the molecular level - life's ability to reproduce begins with the replication of ____________ - during which two new spirals are created that are exact replicas of the original molecule.
Founder.
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
DNA
Primates
39. Homology is also seen in the structure of eye - brain - joint appendages of arthropods - etc. It is thus evidence for ____________.
Evolution
Fire
Genetic
Founder.
40. ____________ reproduction - whether reproduction proceeds with lesser or greater success - is central to the process of natural selection; it determines whether a given mutation becomes established in the general population.
Differential
Convergent
Evolution
Embryos
41. Linnaeus placed all monkeys and apes along with humans into the order _________
Punctuated
Evolved
Primates
Binomial
42. The most recent mass extinction - the K-T extinction at the end of the Cretaceous period - is best known for having wiped out the __________ .
Mollusca
Homo erectus
Elongation
Dinosaurs
43. A ____________ tree is a graphical means to depict the evolutionary relationships of a group of organisms.
Africa
Interbreed
Phylogenetic
Sexually
44. Darwin's Finches illustrated ___________ ____________. This is where species all deriving from a common ancestor have over time successfully adapted to their environment via natural selection.
Kingdom
Convergent
Adaptive radiation
Oxygen
45. _____________ is the end of a particular evolutionary line - the end of a species - a family - or a larger group of organisms.
Homo erectus
Comparative anatomy.
Function
Extinction
46. All organisms are placed into one of five kingdoms: Monera - Protista - ________ - Plantae - Animalia.
Homo
Fungi
Natural selection
33 phyla
47. Darwin reported that all organisms tend to _____________ in a geometric ratio provided there are no environmental checks. Even slow breeding animals like the elephant may theoretically give rise to 19 million descendants in a period of 750 years.
Homo
Increase
Hardy-Weinberg
Sickle Cell
48. The early stages of development of the ___________ of fish - salamander - tortoise - hen and man show remarkable similarity.
Embryos
Biodiversity
Finches
Extinction
49. In general if two genes have an almost identical DNA sequence - it is likely that they are ____________.
Homologous
Hardy-Weinberg
Environmental
Phylum
50. A ___________ can be defined as one or more populations of interbreeding organisms that are reproductively isolated in nature from all other organisms.
Species
Polymorphism
Triassic
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos