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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Biology: Principles Of Evolution
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Subjects
:
clep
,
science
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. If a population began with a few individuals - one or more of whom carried a particular allele - that allele may come to be represented in many of the descendants. This is known as ____________.
Differential
Macroscopic.
Polymorphism
Allopatric
2. Any change of _________ frequencies in a gene pool indicates that evolution has occurred. The Hardy-Weinberg law proposes that those factors that violate the conditions listed - cause evolution.
Allele
Primates
Beneficial
Phylogenetic
3. Linnaeus placed all monkeys and apes along with humans into the order _________
Sickle Cell
Evolved
Monera
Primates
4. Homology was defined by Darwin as similarity of structure and position - and distinguished from 'analogy -' which was defined as similarity of _____________ but not necessarily of structure and position.
Function
Finches
Genetic
Evolution
5. According to Darwin - in spite of the high reproductive potential - the number of individuals in a species remains relatively constant - suggesting _____________ for existence.
Struggle
Homo
Beneficial
Comparative anatomy.
6. Jean Baptiste de Lamarck (1744-1829) developed one of the first theories on how species changed. Lamarck - in 1809 - concluded that organisms of higher complexity had __________ from preexisting - less complex organisms.
Homo erectus
Sexually
Evolved
Africa
7. ____________ reproduction - whether reproduction proceeds with lesser or greater success - is central to the process of natural selection; it determines whether a given mutation becomes established in the general population.
Connecting links
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
Differential
Analogy
8. As the finch population began to flourish in these advantageous conditions - ______________ competition became a factor - and resources on the islands were squeezed and could not sustain the population of the finches for long.
Taxonomy
Intraspecific
Cold
Fire
9. Prior to the scientific discoveries of the past 200 years - _____________ from the Book Of Genesis described how living things came into being.
Natural selection
Baseline
Creationism
Finches
10. _____________ is the accumulation of small changes in a gene pool over a relatively short period.
Chordata
Mass
Homology
Microevolution
11. The Linnaean system uses two Latin name categories - ________ and species - to designate each type of organism.
Somatic
Monera
Mammals.
Genus
12. Animals and plants show variations in physical structure. Some of these variations are simply caused by external conditions (environmental) - such as accidents - temperature - food abundance - etc.. ___________ variations have no effect on evolution
Continuity
Fossil
Genetic
Somatic
13. ___________ is a specific explanation of similarity of form seen in the biological world. In genetics - it is used in reference to protein or DNA sequences - meaning that the given sequences share ancestry.
Triassic
Homology
Genetic
Baseline
14. Humans who have produced offspring that successfully live in a ________ environment tend to be broader and smaller in stature while hotter environments are occupied by thinner taller humans.
Extinction
Cold
Struggle
Macroscopic.
15. Because organisms are continually tested by their changing ______________ - their forms change to suit new conditions.
Punctuated
Comparative anatomy.
Chordata
Environment
16. Almost all _________ organisms are either plants or animals.
Evolved
Increase
Macroscopic.
Somatic
17. The ____________ mammals occupy Australia - and differ from placental mammals because they bear their young inside a pouch (instead of a placenta).
Environment
Mutations
Sympatric
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
18. There are at least ___________ of animals. Humans are members of the phylum Chordata.
Genetic
Creationism
33 phyla
Genetic drift
19. In general if two genes have an almost identical DNA sequence - it is likely that they are ____________.
Homologous
Code
Natural selection
New World
20. At some time in their life cycle - chordates have a pair of lateral gill slits or pouches used to obtain __________ in a liquid environment.
Biodiversity
Sympatric
Analogy
Oxygen
21. A ____________ tree is a graphical means to depict the evolutionary relationships of a group of organisms.
Phylogenetic
Chance
Intraspecific
Intraspecific
22. Homo erectus was the first hominid to use ___________ - and have social structures for food gathering.
Creationism
Fire
Sexually
Continuity
23. Darwin reported that all organisms tend to _____________ in a geometric ratio provided there are no environmental checks. Even slow breeding animals like the elephant may theoretically give rise to 19 million descendants in a period of 750 years.
Triassic
Natural selection
Increase
New World
24. Insect ____________ is also an example of convergent evolution - as for example when an edible (palatable) butterfly develops a color pattern similar to a relatively unrelated inedible (unpalatable) butterfly - and by so doing escapes being eaten.
33 phyla
Mimicry
Taxonomy
Monera
25. A Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium provides a ___________ by which to judge whether evolution has occurred.
Differential
Elongation
Baseline
Taxonomy
26. An allele may increase - or decrease - in frequency simply through ___________. Not every member of the population will become a parent and not every set of parents will produce the same number of offspring.
Chance
New World
Mass
Interbreed
27. Members of the phylum _____________ have soft - unsegmented bodies that are usually - but not always - enclosed in hard shells.
Macroscopic.
Struggle
Mollusca
Binomial
28. The mutation may be harmful (resulting in a reduced probability of survival for the organism involved) - ____________ (it might also do its intended job better) or merely neutral (no effect at all).
Beneficial
Differential
Macroscopic.
Elongation
29. Homology has to be distinguished from ___________; for instance - the wings of insects and the wings of birds are analogous but not homologous.
Evolved
DNA
Homologous
Analogy
30. Differential reproduction allows one species to gradually evolve into a new species. This is the process of ____________.
Evolution
Mammals.
Founder.
Code
31. At the molecular level - life's ability to reproduce begins with the replication of ____________ - during which two new spirals are created that are exact replicas of the original molecule.
Fossils. A study of the fossil record helps to build a historical sequence of biological evolution of complex organisms from simple ancestors.
DNA
Function
Protoplasm
32. All organisms are placed into one of five kingdoms: Monera - Protista - ________ - Plantae - Animalia.
Fungi
Baseline
Genetic drift
Somatic
33. For humans - the complete classification is: Kingdom (Animalia); Phylum (__________); Class (Mammalia); Order (Primates); Family (Hominidae); Genus (Homo); Species (Sapiens).
Chordata
Fire
Hunter-gatherer
Punctuated
34. Mammals developed from primitive mammal-like reptiles during the __________ Period - some 200-245 million years ago.
Triassic
Genetic drift
Intraspecific
Protista
35. The most recent mass extinction - the K-T extinction at the end of the Cretaceous period - is best known for having wiped out the __________ .
Mimicry
Dinosaurs
Oxygen
Species
36. _________ ______ disease causes anemia - joint pain - a swollen spleen - and frequent - severe infections. It illustrates balanced polymorphism because carriers are resistant to malaria - an infection by the parasite that causes cycles of chills and
Sickle Cell
Mollusca
Comparative anatomy.
Somatic
37. _____________ is the end of a particular evolutionary line - the end of a species - a family - or a larger group of organisms.
Out-of-Africa
Neanderthals
Homo erectus
Extinction
38. Extinctions - mostly at the level of species - have been occurring constantly at a low 'background rate' - usually matched by the rate at which new species appear - with the result that ____________ is constantly increasing.
Biodiversity
Homologous
Microevolution
New World
39. ____________ organs are formed on the same basic plan though they may be modified variously to perform different functions. They must have a common ancestral structure which gave rise to different modifications.
Differential
Homologous
Chordata
DNA
40. Populations begin to diverge when gene flow between them is restricted. Geographic isolation is often the first step in ____________ speciation.
Cold
Evolution
Allopatric
Mimicry
41. The only kingdom which consists of prokaryotes is the __________ kingdom.
Mimicry
Finches
Monera
New World
42. The highest category in the Linnaean system of classification is the __________. At this level - organisms are distinguished on the basis of cellular organization and methods of nutrition.
Continuity
Mass
Kingdom
Intraspecific
43. Such a dual level designation is referred to as a _________ nomenclature.
Balanced
Binomial
Kingdom
Bipedal
44. When carriers have advantages that allow a detrimental allele to persist in a population - ______________ polymorphism is at work.
Sickle Cell
Dinosaurs
Homo
Balanced
45. _____________ can occur randomly - from radiation damage (impact with high energy g-rays or cosmic rays) - from exposure to chemical agents called mutagens - or simply by error in the DNA replication process.
Mutations
Homologous
Fungi
Genetic
46. Speciation by ____________ Equilibrium involves a group of creatures which gets isolated from the rest of their species.
Punctuated
Interbreed
Homo
Primates
47. The ______-____-______ Hypothesis proposes that some Homo erectus remained in Africa and continued to evolve into Homo sapiens - and left Africa about 100 -000-200 -000 years ago. From a single source - Homo sapiens replaced all populations of Homo e
Mass
Evolved
Neanderthals
Out-of-Africa
48. About 1.8 million years ago - early Homo gave rise to _______ ________ - the species thought to have been ancestral to our own.
Differential
Cold
Homo erectus
Microevolution
49. ___________ evolution is an evolutionary process in which organisms not closely related independently acquire some characteristic or characteristics in common.
Genetic
Code
Convergent
Homologous
50. A comparative study of physiology and biochemistry also supports the common origin for different organisms. The _____________ of all organisms cells is more or less same in composition.
Convergent
Protoplasm
Cold
Biodiversity