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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Biology: Principles Of Evolution
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Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
science
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Mammals developed from primitive mammal-like reptiles during the __________ Period - some 200-245 million years ago.
Fossil
Somatic
Triassic
Evolution
2. The ____________ mammals occupy Australia - and differ from placental mammals because they bear their young inside a pouch (instead of a placenta).
Interspecific
Mammals.
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
Punctuated
3. Insect ____________ is also an example of convergent evolution - as for example when an edible (palatable) butterfly develops a color pattern similar to a relatively unrelated inedible (unpalatable) butterfly - and by so doing escapes being eaten.
Homologous
Mimicry
Fire
Balanced
4. Darwin reported that all organisms tend to _____________ in a geometric ratio provided there are no environmental checks. Even slow breeding animals like the elephant may theoretically give rise to 19 million descendants in a period of 750 years.
Adaptive radiation
Change
Punctuated
Increase
5. For humans - the complete classification is: Kingdom (Animalia); Phylum (__________); Class (Mammalia); Order (Primates); Family (Hominidae); Genus (Homo); Species (Sapiens).
Hunter-gatherer
Fossils. A study of the fossil record helps to build a historical sequence of biological evolution of complex organisms from simple ancestors.
Chordata
Sympatric
6. The most recent mass extinction - the K-T extinction at the end of the Cretaceous period - is best known for having wiped out the __________ .
Extinction
Binomial
Dinosaurs
New World
7. Immediately below kingdom is the _________ level of classification. At this level - animals are grouped together based on similarities in basic body plan or organization.
Phylum
Macroscopic.
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
Genus
8. The study of ____________ ____________ supports the claim of a common origin of organisms.
Evolution
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
Sickle Cell
Comparative anatomy.
9. An important step toward the modern theory of evolution came in the 1760's - when Count George-Louis Leclerc de Buffon (1707-1788) published his Natural History of Animals with the idea that species __________ over time.
Interspecific
Genetic drift
Change
Seven
10. ____________ organs are formed on the same basic plan though they may be modified variously to perform different functions. They must have a common ancestral structure which gave rise to different modifications.
Homologous
Function
Change
Balanced
11. Charles Darwin published a book The Origin of Species in the year 1859. He proposed that the new species came about by a process called ___________ __________.
Taxonomy
Change
Natural selection
Extinction
12. __________ are the remains of organisms that lived in the past.
Allopatric
Seven
Extinction
Fossils. A study of the fossil record helps to build a historical sequence of biological evolution of complex organisms from simple ancestors.
13. ______________ struggle is the struggle of organisms against the physical environment.
Environmental
Somatic
Mass
New World
14. _____________ is the end of a particular evolutionary line - the end of a species - a family - or a larger group of organisms.
Natural selection
Seven
Elongation
Extinction
15. ____________ reproduction - whether reproduction proceeds with lesser or greater success - is central to the process of natural selection; it determines whether a given mutation becomes established in the general population.
Intraspecific
Analogy
Differential
Homologous
16. _________ evidence shows that the horse has undergone considerable evolutionary change over a period of 60 million years.
Embryos
Biodiversity
Function
Fossil
17. The _______-_________ Law states that an equilibrium of allele frequencies in a gene pool remains in effect in each succeeding generation of a sexually reproducing population if five conditions are met.
Neanderthals
Homo erectus
Punctuated
Hardy-Weinberg
18. Linnaeus placed all monkeys and apes along with humans into the order _________
Chordata
Comparative anatomy.
Taxonomy
Primates
19. Darwin's Finches illustrated ___________ ____________. This is where species all deriving from a common ancestor have over time successfully adapted to their environment via natural selection.
Adaptive radiation
Bipedal
Intraspecific
Balanced
20. Prior to the scientific discoveries of the past 200 years - _____________ from the Book Of Genesis described how living things came into being.
Bipedal
Creationism
Embryos
Homology
21. A Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium provides a ___________ by which to judge whether evolution has occurred.
Increase
Mutations
Baseline
Balanced
22. The Neolithic transition - about 10 -000 years ago - involved the change from __________-__________ societies to agricultural ones based on cultivation of plants and domesticated animals.
Macroscopic.
Function
Hunter-gatherer
Triassic
23. Most anthropologists agree that the ______ _______ was populated by a series of three migrations over the temporary land connection between Asia and North America.
Mass
Fire
New World
Baseline
24. The highest category in the Linnaean system of classification is the __________. At this level - organisms are distinguished on the basis of cellular organization and methods of nutrition.
Genetic
Kingdom
Phylum
Allopatric
25. There are at least ___________ of animals. Humans are members of the phylum Chordata.
Hardy-Weinberg
33 phyla
Somatic
Continuity
26. Heritable variations are called _____________ variations. Such variations arising from changes in DNA are passed on within families and to the offspring from the parents.
Genetic
Neanderthals
Homo
Chordata
27. The ______-____-______ Hypothesis proposes that some Homo erectus remained in Africa and continued to evolve into Homo sapiens - and left Africa about 100 -000-200 -000 years ago. From a single source - Homo sapiens replaced all populations of Homo e
Intraspecific
Analogy
Homologous
Out-of-Africa
28. Animals and plants show variations in physical structure. Some of these variations are simply caused by external conditions (environmental) - such as accidents - temperature - food abundance - etc.. ___________ variations have no effect on evolution
Baseline
Interspecific
Phylum
Somatic
29. Such a dual level designation is referred to as a _________ nomenclature.
Extinction
Fungi
Mammals.
Binomial
30. Humans are ____________ - meaning we walk on two of our limbs. The amount of melanin in our skin is representative of the environment we live in - i.e. dark skinned people occupy hotter climates.
Bipedal
Environment
Change
Connecting links
31. Despite their image as brutish simpletons - _____________were the first humans to bury their dead with artifacts - indicating abstract thought - perhaps a belief in an after-life.
Embryos
Neanderthals
Protoplasm
Continuity
32. When Charles Darwin was in the Galapagos islands - one of the first things he noticed is the variety of ___________ that existed on each of the islands.
Protoplasm
Hardy-Weinberg
Finches
Change
33. Homology is also seen in the structure of eye - brain - joint appendages of arthropods - etc. It is thus evidence for ____________.
Neanderthals
Struggle
Hunter-gatherer
Evolution
34. An allele may increase - or decrease - in frequency simply through ___________. Not every member of the population will become a parent and not every set of parents will produce the same number of offspring.
Natural selection
Chance
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
Genetic
35. ___________ speciation happens when members of a population develop some genetic difference that prevents them from reproducing with the parent type.
Biodiversity
Dinosaurs
Mollusca
Sympatric
36. Biodiversity crashes during ________ extinctions. This has been a powerful force in evolution - wiping the slate clean of up to 96% of all species - and providing the survivors with a world full of opportunities into which they can diversify.
Creationism
Mass
Primates
Kingdom
37. ___________ evolution is an evolutionary process in which organisms not closely related independently acquire some characteristic or characteristics in common.
Mass
Fungi
Evolved
Convergent
38. _____________ struggle takes place between the individuals of the same species.
Allopatric
Environmental
Macroscopic.
Intraspecific
39. About 2 million years ago - two groups developed: the australopithecines - generally smaller brained and not users of tools; and the line that led to genus _________ - larger brained and makers and users of tools.
Interspecific
Chordata
Taxonomy
Homo
40. Speciation by ____________ Equilibrium involves a group of creatures which gets isolated from the rest of their species.
Mimicry
Punctuated
Sympatric
Interbreed
41. Some important structural changes during the evolution of horse are: Increase in size from 11' (Eohippus) to about 60' (Equus) - and ___________ of the head and neck so as that it can reach the ground.
Elongation
Sickle Cell
Mimicry
DNA
42. Almost all _________ organisms are either plants or animals.
Creationism
Taxonomy
Macroscopic.
Intraspecific
43. Organisms struggle for existence. Organisms with advantageous characters survive - while those which lack such variations perish. The advantageous characters are passed on to the offsprings generation after generation and the organisms become better
Natural selection
33 phyla
Cold
Hardy-Weinberg
44. _____________ struggle takes place between the individuals of different species.
Chordata
Interspecific
Macroscopic.
Fungi
45. Homology was defined by Darwin as similarity of structure and position - and distinguished from 'analogy -' which was defined as similarity of _____________ but not necessarily of structure and position.
Function
Founder.
Punctuated
Kingdom
46. There are certain animals with intermediate characters between two major groups of animals. They are called ___________ _____.
Chordata
Connecting links
Finches
Marsupial. All the marsupials in present day Australia would have evolved from one common ancestor. Kangaroos
47. The early stages of development of the ___________ of fish - salamander - tortoise - hen and man show remarkable similarity.
Sympatric
Hardy-Weinberg
Out-of-Africa
Embryos
48. Because organisms are continually tested by their changing ______________ - their forms change to suit new conditions.
Taxonomy
Neanderthals
Environment
Chordata
49. A ____________ tree is a graphical means to depict the evolutionary relationships of a group of organisms.
Code
Fire
Mimicry
Phylogenetic
50. About 1.8 million years ago - early Homo gave rise to _______ ________ - the species thought to have been ancestral to our own.
Evolution
Homo erectus
Struggle
Creationism