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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Educational Psychology Theorists And Theories
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clep
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teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Knowledge is Constructed; the Learner is an Active Creator
Constructivism
Inert knowledge
Neo-behaviorism
Kurt Lewin
2. Coined the term 'Behaviorism'
John B. Watson
Attachment Theory
Psychosexual Theory
Kurt Lewin
3. Gestalt Learning Theory
Jean Piaget
Max Wertheimer 1880
Proactive inhibition
Self-Actualization
4. Contiguity Theory; 'One-Trial Learning' (Behaviorism)
Jean Piaget
Edwin Guthrie
Edward L.Thorndike
Expectancy Theory
5. Emotions and Affect Play a Role in Learning
Humanistic Perspective
Wolfgang Kohler
Cognitive Perspective
Inert knowledge
6. (Behaviorism)- One explanation for learning in behaviorism; an association is built between two events simply because they occured simultaneously or overlapping in time.For example - if food is presented while some auditory signal is given - a dog wi
Gilligan
Behavioralism
B. F. Skinner
Contiguity
7. (Tolman)- the theory that animals (and humans) develop expectancy or anticipation of rewards for completing behaviors they have learned - and this expectancy functions as an internal incentive or motivation.
Attachment Theory
Expectancy Theory
IQ - in the Stanford-Binet formulation - is found by
Lev Vygotsky
8. (Estes) - A theory developed by Estes that attempts to show how stimuli are sampled and attached to responses. A statistical learning theory.
Proactive inhibition
Constructivism
Expectancy Theory
Stimulus Sampling Theory (SST)
9. Operant Conditioning
Keneth W. Spence
B. F. Skinner
William Kaye Estes
Edward C. Tolman
10. Constructivist; published The Process of Education; theories emphasize the significance of categorization in learning
Jerome Bruner
Social Learning Perspective
Operant Conditioning
Brunner
11. A transitional group - bridging the gap between behaviorism and cognitive theories of learning. timulus-Response; Intervening Internal Variables; Purposive Behavior; E.C.Tolman - Clark Hull - Kenneth W. Spence
Cognitive Theories
Dependent variables
Keneth W. Spence
Neo-behaviorism
12. Theory of Classical Conditioning
Max Wertheimer 1880
Constructivism
Ivan Pavlov
Drive Reduction Theory
13. Freud's theory which emphasized that how parents manage their child's sexual and aggressive drives in he first few years is crucial for healthy personality development
Jerome Bruner
Humanist Theories
Clark Hull
Psychosexual Theory
14. Humanistic; Transformational Learning
Erik Erikson
Albert Bandura
Carl Rogers
Jack Mezirow
15. Structure of intellect stipulated that intelligence depends on our mental operations (or process of thinking) - our thoughts (i.e. - content) - and the products or end results of these operations.
Gestalt Learning Theory
Edward C. Tolman
J.P. Guilford
Wolfgang Kohler
16. Discrimination Learning
Jack Mezirow
Proactive inhibition
Social Learning Theory
Keneth W. Spence
17. In the study of motivation - an explanation of behavior that asserts that people actively and regularly determine their own goals and the means of achieving them through thought.
Cognitive Theories
Social Learning Theory
Sigmund Freud
Carl Rogers
18. (G. A. Miller)- (Test - Operate - Test - Exit). These are operational feedback units that function within a self-regulated system.
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19. Insight Learning
Jean Piaget
Wolfgang Kohler
Self-Efficacy
Expectancy Theory
20. Psychoanalytic Theory of Learning; The role of the Unconscious Mind in Learning
Dependent variables
Connectionism
Contiguity
Sigmund Freud
21. The theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded or punished
Law of Effect
Social Learning Theory
Discrimination Learning Theory
Proactive inhibition
22. Learning as a group process; Lev Vygotsky 1896 - 1935 Social Constructivism
Jean Piaget
Social Learning Perspective
Bandura
Cognitive Theories
23. According to Maslow - the ultimate psychological need that arises after basic physical and psychological needs are met and self-esteem is achieved; the motivation to fulfill one's potential
John B. Watson
Contiguity
Drive Reduction Theory
Self-Actualization
24. Cognitive Dissonance
Gestalt Learning Theory
Leon Festinger
Statistical Learning Theory
Contiguity
25. Dividing mental age by chronological age and multiplying by 100.
Social Learning Perspective
Drive Reduction Theory
IQ - in the Stanford-Binet formulation - is found by
Edward L.Thorndike
26. (Brown - Cognitive apprenticeship)- knowledge which lacks application or cross contextual understanding.
Lev Vygotsky
Inert knowledge
Gilligan
Kurt Lewin
27. Sign Theory & Latent Learning
Jean Piaget
Edward C. Tolman
Stimulus Sampling Theory (SST)
Inert knowledge
28. Albert Bandura - 1. Attention - the learner must have his/her senses directed at the model 2. Retention - coding - and storing the patterns so they can be retrieved. This may include vivid imagery an verbal descriptions. 3. Motor reproduction - kines
Jean Piaget
Observational Learning
Cognitive Perspective
Ivan Pavlov
29. Refers to one's belief about one's ability to perform behaviors that should lead to expected outcomes. Those with high levels for a particular task are more likely to succeed than those with low levels
Kurt Koffka
Expectancy Theory
Self-Efficacy
Jean Piaget
30. (Spence)- reinforcement combined with frustration or inhibitors facilitated finding a correct stimulus among a cluster which included incorrect ones. This was a 'carrot and stick' model.
Gilligan
John Seely Brown
Lev Vygotsky
Discrimination Learning Theory
31. Presented a theory of self-efficacy - or the importance of one's personal belief regarding self-ability and chances of success - as key to motivation.
Cognitive Perspective
Jack Mezirow
Keneth W. Spence
Bandura
32. Drive Reduction Theory
Clark Hull
Contiguity
Bandura
Law of Effect
33. Field Theoretical Approach
Albert Bandura
Kurt Lewin
Brunner
Self-Actualization
34. Development; Concepts: gender in moral development; Study Basics: Did moral development studies to follow up Kohlberg. She studied girls and women and found that they did not score as high on his six stage scale because they focused more on relations
Edward L.Thorndike
Gilligan
David Ausubel
Self-Actualization
35. (Piaget) - an element of a cognitive structure. Schema refers to a general potential to perform a class of behaviors - and content describes the conditions that prevail during any particular example of that potential being activated. (Schemata = plul
Drive Reduction Theory
Gilligan
Schema
Contiguity
36. Vygotsky - ZPD refers to the observation that children - when learning a particular task or body of information - are unable initiallly to do the task. Later they can do it with the assistance of an adult or older child mentor - and finally they can
Zone of Proximal development (ZPD)
Stimulus Sampling Theory (SST)
Psychosexual Theory
IQ - in the Stanford-Binet formulation - is found by
37. Stimulus Sampling Theory (SST)
Edwin Guthrie
Constructivism
John Seely Brown
William Kaye Estes
38. Development; Concepts: stages of moral development; Study Basics: Studied boys responses to and processes of reasoning in making moral decisions. Most famous moral dilemma is 'Heinz' who has an ill wife and cannot afford the medication. Should he ste
Humanist Theories
Contiguity
David Ausubel
Kohlberg
39. Variables being observed and measured in response to the independent variables - such as amount of time taken to learn a task or respond after a stimulus is given - number of responses - etc.
Clark Hull
Gestalt Learning Theory
Dependent variables
Albert Bandura
40. A learning theory in which the probablity of a response is the dependent variable. Independent variables are usually stimuli controlled by the researcher. These are attempts to quantify and objectify learning research.
Jean Piaget
IQ - in the Stanford-Binet formulation - is found by
Albert Bandura
Statistical Learning Theory
41. Humanistic Theory of Learning
Dependent variables
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Abraham Maslow
Constructivism
42. Connectionism; Wrote the thesis - 'Animal Intelligence: An Experimental Study of the Associative Processes in Animals' - in which he concluded that an experimental approach is the only way to understand learning and established his famous 'Law of Eff
Jean Piaget
Clark Hull
Edward L.Thorndike
Edwin Guthrie
43. Humanistic; Experiential Learning
Carl Rogers
Connectionism
Cognitive Perspective
Dependent variables
44. Occurs when the presence of previously learned material interferes with the learning of new material.
Stimulus Sampling Theory (SST)
Sigmund Freud
Proactive inhibition
Cognitive Perspective
45. Perception - Decision making - Attention - Memory - & Problem Solving
J.P. Guilford
Cognitive Perspective
Neo-behaviorism
Gestalt Learning Theory
46. (Tolman) - these are hypothetical constructs rather than physical parameters. They are definable and measurable but not observable. They have functional relationships with both independent and dependent variables. They are internal cognitive processe
Humanist Theories
Intervening variables
Edwin Guthrie
Edward L.Thorndike
47. (Behaviorism - Skinner)- a model which states that when a resonse is followed by a reinforcer - the result will be an increase in the probability that this response will occur again under similar conditions.
Intervening variables
Operant Conditioning
Gardner
IQ - in the Stanford-Binet formulation - is found by
48. Learning as a Mental Process
Gestalt Learning Theory
Dependent variables
John Seely Brown
Cognitive Perspective
49. (Hull)- the notion that behavior occurs in reponse to 'drives' such as hunger - thirst - sexual interest - feeling cold - etc. When the goal of the drive is attained (food - water - mating - warmth) the drive is reduced - and this constitutes reinfor
Drive Reduction Theory
Kurt Lewin
Discrimination Learning Theory
B. F. Skinner
50. Neo-Freudian - humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development: theory shows how people evolve through the life span. Each stage is marked by a psychological crisis that involves confronting 'Who am I?'
Erik Erikson
Contiguity
Expectancy Theory
Cognitive Perspective