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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Educational Psychology Theorists And Theories
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. (Hull)- the notion that behavior occurs in reponse to 'drives' such as hunger - thirst - sexual interest - feeling cold - etc. When the goal of the drive is attained (food - water - mating - warmth) the drive is reduced - and this constitutes reinfor
Drive Reduction Theory
Abraham Maslow
Carl Rogers
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
2. Psychoanalytic Theory of Learning; The role of the Unconscious Mind in Learning
Sigmund Freud
Jerome Bruner
Neo-behaviorism
Statistical Learning Theory
3. Social Constructivism; The Zone of Proximal Development is a concept for which he is well known.
Leon Festinger
Connectionism
Lev Vygotsky
Edward L.Thorndike
4. Constructive Knowledge.Construct with ideas and concepts of what they know.
Brunner
Social Learning Theory
Law of Exercise
Gilligan
5. The theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded or punished
Social Learning Theory
William Kaye Estes
Jack Mezirow
Humanistic Perspective
6. (Spence)- reinforcement combined with frustration or inhibitors facilitated finding a correct stimulus among a cluster which included incorrect ones. This was a 'carrot and stick' model.
Stimulus Sampling Theory (SST)
Gestalt Learning Theory
Discrimination Learning Theory
Connectionism
7. Refers to one's belief about one's ability to perform behaviors that should lead to expected outcomes. Those with high levels for a particular task are more likely to succeed than those with low levels
Self-Efficacy
Kurt Lewin
William Kaye Estes
Observational Learning
8. Variables being observed and measured in response to the independent variables - such as amount of time taken to learn a task or respond after a stimulus is given - number of responses - etc.
Max Wertheimer 1880
Dependent variables
Discrimination Learning Theory
Brunner
9. Field Theoretical Approach
Kurt Lewin
Connectionism
Wolfgang Kohler
Kohlberg
10. Albert Bandura - 1. Attention - the learner must have his/her senses directed at the model 2. Retention - coding - and storing the patterns so they can be retrieved. This may include vivid imagery an verbal descriptions. 3. Motor reproduction - kines
Attachment Theory
Edwin Guthrie
Observational Learning
Leon Festinger
11. Humanistic; Transformational Learning
Zone of Proximal development (ZPD)
Brunner
Drive Reduction Theory
Jack Mezirow
12. In the study of motivation - an explanation of behavior that asserts that people actively and regularly determine their own goals and the means of achieving them through thought.
Leon Festinger
Expectancy Theory
Cognitive Theories
Carl Rogers
13. Physiological- water - sleep food. Safety- security - shelter - protection Belongingness- love - friendship - acceptance. Ego Needs- prestige - status. Self Actualization- self fulfillment - enriching experiances
14. Sign Theory & Latent Learning
Edward C. Tolman
Ivan Pavlov
Self-Actualization
Drive Reduction Theory
15. (Behaviorism - Skinner)- a model which states that when a resonse is followed by a reinforcer - the result will be an increase in the probability that this response will occur again under similar conditions.
Operant Conditioning
Edward L.Thorndike
Kurt Koffka
B. F. Skinner
16. Emphasizes how culture and social interaction guide cognitive development - Developed the idea of the 'Zone of Proximal Development -' mainly focused on cognitive development of children.
Statistical Learning Theory
John B. Watson
Observational Learning
Lev Vygotsky
17. Coined the term 'Behaviorism'
Jerome Bruner
IQ - in the Stanford-Binet formulation - is found by
John B. Watson
Jack Mezirow
18. Presented a theory of self-efficacy - or the importance of one's personal belief regarding self-ability and chances of success - as key to motivation.
Ivan Pavlov
Operant Conditioning
Bandura
William Kaye Estes
19. While earlier theories often focused on abnormal behavior and psychological problems - humanist theories instead emphasized the basic goodness of human beings. Some of these theorists include Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow.
Gilligan
Drive Reduction Theory
Humanist Theories
Max Wertheimer 1880
20. Development; Concepts: gender in moral development; Study Basics: Did moral development studies to follow up Kohlberg. She studied girls and women and found that they did not score as high on his six stage scale because they focused more on relations
Ivan Pavlov
Attachment Theory
Cognitive Perspective
Gilligan
21. Dividing mental age by chronological age and multiplying by 100.
Jean Piaget
IQ - in the Stanford-Binet formulation - is found by
Kurt Lewin
Neo-behaviorism
22. Connectionism; Wrote the thesis - 'Animal Intelligence: An Experimental Study of the Associative Processes in Animals' - in which he concluded that an experimental approach is the only way to understand learning and established his famous 'Law of Eff
Self-Efficacy
Contiguity
Erik Erikson
Edward L.Thorndike
23. Theory of Classical Conditioning
Gardner
IQ - in the Stanford-Binet formulation - is found by
Social Learning Perspective
Ivan Pavlov
24. Constructivist; Genetic Epistemology; Stages of Cognitive Development
Bandura
Jack Mezirow
Jean Piaget
Gardner
25. Learning as a group process; Lev Vygotsky 1896 - 1935 Social Constructivism
Law of Exercise
Social Learning Perspective
Intervening variables
Ivan Pavlov
26. Gestalt Learning Theory
Jean Piaget
Carl Rogers
Drive Reduction Theory
Max Wertheimer 1880
27. Emotions and Affect Play a Role in Learning
Jerome Bruner
John B. Watson
Humanistic Perspective
John Seely Brown
28. Stimulus Sampling Theory (SST)
Self-Actualization
William Kaye Estes
Connectionism
Inert knowledge
29. Discrimination Learning
Keneth W. Spence
Gardner
Expectancy Theory
Carl Rogers
30. (Thorndike) - Responses which occur just prior to a satisfying state of affairs are more likely to be repeated - and responses just prior to an annoying state of affairs are more likely NOT to be repeated.
Social Learning Theory
Intervening variables
Zone of Proximal development (ZPD)
Law of Effect
31. (Estes) - A theory developed by Estes that attempts to show how stimuli are sampled and attached to responses. A statistical learning theory.
Erik Erikson
Stimulus Sampling Theory (SST)
Brunner
Cognitive Theories
32. Drive Reduction Theory
B. F. Skinner
Connectionism
Clark Hull
Jean Piaget
33. Operant Conditioning
Edward L.Thorndike
Self-Actualization
Psychosexual Theory
B. F. Skinner
34. Constructivist; published The Process of Education; theories emphasize the significance of categorization in learning
Contiguity
Jack Mezirow
Self-Efficacy
Jerome Bruner
35. Gestalt Theory
Sigmund Freud
Kurt Koffka
Zone of Proximal development (ZPD)
Contiguity
36. (Thorndike)- the idea that bonds between stimulus and response are strengthened by recency - frequency - and contiguity.
Law of Exercise
Sigmund Freud
Social Learning Theory
Stimulus Sampling Theory (SST)
37. A theory that psychology is essentially a study of external human behavior rather than internal consciousness and desires.
Zone of Proximal development (ZPD)
Stimulus Sampling Theory (SST)
Kohlberg
Behavioralism
38. Follower of Jean Piaget. Developed and researched advanced organizers. Developed subsumation theorty - that the primary process in learning is subsumation where new material is relation to relevant ideas in the existing cognitive structure in a subst
Dependent variables
TOTE's
David Ausubel
Jean Piaget
39. Neo-Freudian - humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development: theory shows how people evolve through the life span. Each stage is marked by a psychological crisis that involves confronting 'Who am I?'
Erik Erikson
Ivan Pavlov
Zone of Proximal development (ZPD)
Observational Learning
40. Multiple intelligence theory specifies seven different intelligences that presume a broadened definition of intelligence.
Lev Vygotsky
Discrimination Learning Theory
Edwin Guthrie
Gardner
41. Humanistic Theory of Learning
Social Learning Perspective
Abraham Maslow
Stimulus Sampling Theory (SST)
Contiguity
42. A learning theory in which the probablity of a response is the dependent variable. Independent variables are usually stimuli controlled by the researcher. These are attempts to quantify and objectify learning research.
Statistical Learning Theory
Connectionism
TOTE's
Gardner
43. (Brown - Cognitive apprenticeship)- knowledge which lacks application or cross contextual understanding.
Inert knowledge
Keneth W. Spence
B. F. Skinner
Zone of Proximal development (ZPD)
44. Contiguity Theory; 'One-Trial Learning' (Behaviorism)
Kurt Koffka
Inert knowledge
Edwin Guthrie
Jerome Bruner
45. Freud's theory which emphasized that how parents manage their child's sexual and aggressive drives in he first few years is crucial for healthy personality development
TOTE's
Psychosexual Theory
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Max Wertheimer 1880
46. Four stage theory of cognitive development: 1. sensorimotor - 2. preoperational - 3. concrete operational - and 4. formal operational. He said that the two basic processes work in tandem to achieve cognitive growth-assimilation and accomodation
TOTE's
Wolfgang Kohler
Jean Piaget
Law of Exercise
47. Humanistic; Experiential Learning
Erik Erikson
IQ - in the Stanford-Binet formulation - is found by
Jerome Bruner
Carl Rogers
48. Insight Learning
J.P. Guilford
Bandura
Wolfgang Kohler
Albert Bandura
49. Learning as a Mental Process
Gardner
Drive Reduction Theory
Albert Bandura
Cognitive Perspective
50. (Behaviorism)- One explanation for learning in behaviorism; an association is built between two events simply because they occured simultaneously or overlapping in time.For example - if food is presented while some auditory signal is given - a dog wi
Contiguity
B. F. Skinner
Observational Learning
Gilligan