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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Educational Psychology Theorists And Theories
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clep
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Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Follower of Jean Piaget. Developed and researched advanced organizers. Developed subsumation theorty - that the primary process in learning is subsumation where new material is relation to relevant ideas in the existing cognitive structure in a subst
Statistical Learning Theory
David Ausubel
Intervening variables
Bandura
2. Explanation of development that focuses on the quality of the early emotional relationships developed between children and their caregivers
Attachment Theory
David Ausubel
Humanist Theories
TOTE's
3. (Tolman)- the theory that animals (and humans) develop expectancy or anticipation of rewards for completing behaviors they have learned - and this expectancy functions as an internal incentive or motivation.
Edward L.Thorndike
Stimulus Sampling Theory (SST)
Expectancy Theory
Jerome Bruner
4. (G. A. Miller)- (Test - Operate - Test - Exit). These are operational feedback units that function within a self-regulated system.
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5. Physiological- water - sleep food. Safety- security - shelter - protection Belongingness- love - friendship - acceptance. Ego Needs- prestige - status. Self Actualization- self fulfillment - enriching experiances
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6. Multiple intelligence theory specifies seven different intelligences that presume a broadened definition of intelligence.
Edwin Guthrie
Gardner
Statistical Learning Theory
Kurt Lewin
7. Emphasizes how culture and social interaction guide cognitive development - Developed the idea of the 'Zone of Proximal Development -' mainly focused on cognitive development of children.
Cognitive Perspective
Gestalt Learning Theory
Max Wertheimer 1880
Lev Vygotsky
8. A learning theory in which the probablity of a response is the dependent variable. Independent variables are usually stimuli controlled by the researcher. These are attempts to quantify and objectify learning research.
Observational Learning
Erik Erikson
Statistical Learning Theory
Jerome Bruner
9. Psychoanalytic Theory of Learning; The role of the Unconscious Mind in Learning
Abraham Maslow
Behavioralism
Cognitive Theories
Sigmund Freud
10. Dividing mental age by chronological age and multiplying by 100.
IQ - in the Stanford-Binet formulation - is found by
Brunner
Kurt Lewin
Keneth W. Spence
11. Insight Learning
Gilligan
Wolfgang Kohler
Jean Piaget
Kurt Koffka
12. Humanistic; Experiential Learning
Inert knowledge
Carl Rogers
Lev Vygotsky
Abraham Maslow
13. A transitional group - bridging the gap between behaviorism and cognitive theories of learning. timulus-Response; Intervening Internal Variables; Purposive Behavior; E.C.Tolman - Clark Hull - Kenneth W. Spence
Neo-behaviorism
Kohlberg
Lev Vygotsky
Wolfgang Kohler
14. Knowledge is Constructed; the Learner is an Active Creator
Drive Reduction Theory
Constructivism
Edwin Guthrie
William Kaye Estes
15. Field Theoretical Approach
Kurt Lewin
Observational Learning
Kohlberg
Humanistic Perspective
16. Connectionism; Wrote the thesis - 'Animal Intelligence: An Experimental Study of the Associative Processes in Animals' - in which he concluded that an experimental approach is the only way to understand learning and established his famous 'Law of Eff
Contiguity
Edward L.Thorndike
Brunner
Social Learning Theory
17. (Tolman) - these are hypothetical constructs rather than physical parameters. They are definable and measurable but not observable. They have functional relationships with both independent and dependent variables. They are internal cognitive processe
Attachment Theory
Connectionism
Leon Festinger
Intervening variables
18. (Behaviorism - Skinner)- a model which states that when a resonse is followed by a reinforcer - the result will be an increase in the probability that this response will occur again under similar conditions.
B. F. Skinner
Operant Conditioning
Schema
Self-Efficacy
19. Stimulus Sampling Theory (SST)
Lev Vygotsky
Proactive inhibition
Social Learning Perspective
William Kaye Estes
20. Gestalt Theory
Kurt Koffka
Kohlberg
Observational Learning
Social Learning Perspective
21. Social Constructivism; The Zone of Proximal Development is a concept for which he is well known.
Social Learning Perspective
Lev Vygotsky
Jean Piaget
Clark Hull
22. While earlier theories often focused on abnormal behavior and psychological problems - humanist theories instead emphasized the basic goodness of human beings. Some of these theorists include Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow.
Proactive inhibition
Social Learning Theory
Lev Vygotsky
Humanist Theories
23. (Spence)- reinforcement combined with frustration or inhibitors facilitated finding a correct stimulus among a cluster which included incorrect ones. This was a 'carrot and stick' model.
TOTE's
Discrimination Learning Theory
Stimulus Sampling Theory (SST)
Albert Bandura
24. Refers to one's belief about one's ability to perform behaviors that should lead to expected outcomes. Those with high levels for a particular task are more likely to succeed than those with low levels
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
David Ausubel
Sigmund Freud
Self-Efficacy
25. Theory of Classical Conditioning
Contiguity
Cognitive Theories
William Kaye Estes
Ivan Pavlov
26. (Thorndike)- the idea that bonds between stimulus and response take the form of neural connections. Learning involves the 'stamping in' of connections - forgetting involves 'stamping out' connections.
Proactive inhibition
Sigmund Freud
Max Wertheimer 1880
Connectionism
27. Drive Reduction Theory
Clark Hull
Drive Reduction Theory
Bandura
Gilligan
28. Development; Concepts: gender in moral development; Study Basics: Did moral development studies to follow up Kohlberg. She studied girls and women and found that they did not score as high on his six stage scale because they focused more on relations
Behavioralism
Drive Reduction Theory
Cognitive Theories
Gilligan
29. Constructivist; Genetic Epistemology; Stages of Cognitive Development
Neo-behaviorism
Jean Piaget
Jerome Bruner
Psychosexual Theory
30. Freud's theory which emphasized that how parents manage their child's sexual and aggressive drives in he first few years is crucial for healthy personality development
Psychosexual Theory
Connectionism
Discrimination Learning Theory
Constructivism
31. (Behaviorism)- One explanation for learning in behaviorism; an association is built between two events simply because they occured simultaneously or overlapping in time.For example - if food is presented while some auditory signal is given - a dog wi
Albert Bandura
Carl Rogers
Wolfgang Kohler
Contiguity
32. Humanistic; Transformational Learning
William Kaye Estes
Erik Erikson
Jack Mezirow
Cognitive Theories
33. In the study of motivation - an explanation of behavior that asserts that people actively and regularly determine their own goals and the means of achieving them through thought.
Dependent variables
Cognitive Theories
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Albert Bandura
34. (Brown - Cognitive apprenticeship)- knowledge which lacks application or cross contextual understanding.
Inert knowledge
Operant Conditioning
Abraham Maslow
Behavioralism
35. Operant Conditioning
Humanistic Perspective
Constructivism
Dependent variables
B. F. Skinner
36. Albert Bandura - 1. Attention - the learner must have his/her senses directed at the model 2. Retention - coding - and storing the patterns so they can be retrieved. This may include vivid imagery an verbal descriptions. 3. Motor reproduction - kines
Observational Learning
Kurt Lewin
Jerome Bruner
Connectionism
37. Perception - Decision making - Attention - Memory - & Problem Solving
David Ausubel
Observational Learning
Gestalt Learning Theory
Kohlberg
38. Constructive Knowledge.Construct with ideas and concepts of what they know.
J.P. Guilford
Brunner
Abraham Maslow
Inert knowledge
39. (Thorndike)- the idea that bonds between stimulus and response are strengthened by recency - frequency - and contiguity.
Law of Exercise
Abraham Maslow
Self-Efficacy
Edwin Guthrie
40. Sign Theory & Latent Learning
Inert knowledge
Edward C. Tolman
Erik Erikson
Jean Piaget
41. (Hull)- the notion that behavior occurs in reponse to 'drives' such as hunger - thirst - sexual interest - feeling cold - etc. When the goal of the drive is attained (food - water - mating - warmth) the drive is reduced - and this constitutes reinfor
Self-Actualization
Cognitive Theories
Drive Reduction Theory
Neo-behaviorism
42. (Piaget) - an element of a cognitive structure. Schema refers to a general potential to perform a class of behaviors - and content describes the conditions that prevail during any particular example of that potential being activated. (Schemata = plul
Neo-behaviorism
Constructivism
Zone of Proximal development (ZPD)
Schema
43. Constructivist; published The Process of Education; theories emphasize the significance of categorization in learning
Stimulus Sampling Theory (SST)
Psychosexual Theory
Drive Reduction Theory
Jerome Bruner
44. A theory that psychology is essentially a study of external human behavior rather than internal consciousness and desires.
Social Learning Theory
Behavioralism
Neo-behaviorism
Ivan Pavlov
45. Coined the term 'Behaviorism'
John B. Watson
Kurt Koffka
Cognitive Theories
Gilligan
46. According to Maslow - the ultimate psychological need that arises after basic physical and psychological needs are met and self-esteem is achieved; the motivation to fulfill one's potential
Self-Actualization
Drive Reduction Theory
Behavioralism
David Ausubel
47. Four stage theory of cognitive development: 1. sensorimotor - 2. preoperational - 3. concrete operational - and 4. formal operational. He said that the two basic processes work in tandem to achieve cognitive growth-assimilation and accomodation
Jerome Bruner
Stimulus Sampling Theory (SST)
Jean Piaget
Self-Efficacy
48. The theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded or punished
Jerome Bruner
Social Learning Theory
Statistical Learning Theory
Bandura
49. Learning as a group process; Lev Vygotsky 1896 - 1935 Social Constructivism
Jean Piaget
TOTE's
Jerome Bruner
Social Learning Perspective
50. Emotions and Affect Play a Role in Learning
Humanistic Perspective
Statistical Learning Theory
Gilligan
Max Wertheimer 1880