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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Educational Psychology Theorists And Theories
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clep
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teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Freud's theory which emphasized that how parents manage their child's sexual and aggressive drives in he first few years is crucial for healthy personality development
Observational Learning
Behavioralism
Social Learning Theory
Psychosexual Theory
2. 1925 - Observational Learning
Zone of Proximal development (ZPD)
Edward C. Tolman
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Albert Bandura
3. (G. A. Miller)- (Test - Operate - Test - Exit). These are operational feedback units that function within a self-regulated system.
4. Drive Reduction Theory
Sigmund Freud
Jean Piaget
Clark Hull
Bandura
5. While earlier theories often focused on abnormal behavior and psychological problems - humanist theories instead emphasized the basic goodness of human beings. Some of these theorists include Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow.
Dependent variables
Kohlberg
Humanist Theories
Gilligan
6. (Behaviorism)- One explanation for learning in behaviorism; an association is built between two events simply because they occured simultaneously or overlapping in time.For example - if food is presented while some auditory signal is given - a dog wi
Contiguity
Humanistic Perspective
Attachment Theory
Zone of Proximal development (ZPD)
7. Refers to one's belief about one's ability to perform behaviors that should lead to expected outcomes. Those with high levels for a particular task are more likely to succeed than those with low levels
Dependent variables
Edwin Guthrie
Self-Efficacy
Zone of Proximal development (ZPD)
8. Explanation of development that focuses on the quality of the early emotional relationships developed between children and their caregivers
Jean Piaget
Carl Rogers
Attachment Theory
Zone of Proximal development (ZPD)
9. A learning theory in which the probablity of a response is the dependent variable. Independent variables are usually stimuli controlled by the researcher. These are attempts to quantify and objectify learning research.
Self-Actualization
Behavioralism
Statistical Learning Theory
David Ausubel
10. Dividing mental age by chronological age and multiplying by 100.
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Kurt Lewin
Self-Actualization
IQ - in the Stanford-Binet formulation - is found by
11. Insight Learning
Jean Piaget
Drive Reduction Theory
Kohlberg
Wolfgang Kohler
12. Multiple intelligence theory specifies seven different intelligences that presume a broadened definition of intelligence.
Gardner
Proactive inhibition
Humanist Theories
Jack Mezirow
13. The theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded or punished
Cognitive Theories
Drive Reduction Theory
Social Learning Theory
Cognitive Perspective
14. In the study of motivation - an explanation of behavior that asserts that people actively and regularly determine their own goals and the means of achieving them through thought.
Cognitive Theories
Neo-behaviorism
Self-Efficacy
John Seely Brown
15. (Brown - Cognitive apprenticeship)- knowledge which lacks application or cross contextual understanding.
Lev Vygotsky
Constructivism
Edward L.Thorndike
Inert knowledge
16. Stimulus Sampling Theory (SST)
William Kaye Estes
TOTE's
Zone of Proximal development (ZPD)
Edward L.Thorndike
17. Emphasizes how culture and social interaction guide cognitive development - Developed the idea of the 'Zone of Proximal Development -' mainly focused on cognitive development of children.
Contiguity
Wolfgang Kohler
Jerome Bruner
Lev Vygotsky
18. Gestalt Learning Theory
Proactive inhibition
Max Wertheimer 1880
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Ivan Pavlov
19. Constructivist; published The Process of Education; theories emphasize the significance of categorization in learning
J.P. Guilford
Lev Vygotsky
Jerome Bruner
Lev Vygotsky
20. (Estes) - A theory developed by Estes that attempts to show how stimuli are sampled and attached to responses. A statistical learning theory.
Dependent variables
Stimulus Sampling Theory (SST)
Brunner
Intervening variables
21. Constructivist; Genetic Epistemology; Stages of Cognitive Development
Wolfgang Kohler
Jean Piaget
Statistical Learning Theory
William Kaye Estes
22. Social Constructivism; The Zone of Proximal Development is a concept for which he is well known.
William Kaye Estes
Sigmund Freud
Lev Vygotsky
J.P. Guilford
23. According to Maslow - the ultimate psychological need that arises after basic physical and psychological needs are met and self-esteem is achieved; the motivation to fulfill one's potential
Stimulus Sampling Theory (SST)
Expectancy Theory
Intervening variables
Self-Actualization
24. (Thorndike)- the idea that bonds between stimulus and response are strengthened by recency - frequency - and contiguity.
Constructivism
Observational Learning
TOTE's
Law of Exercise
25. Humanistic; Experiential Learning
Carl Rogers
B. F. Skinner
Cognitive Theories
Attachment Theory
26. Learning as a group process; Lev Vygotsky 1896 - 1935 Social Constructivism
Proactive inhibition
Social Learning Perspective
Keneth W. Spence
Sigmund Freud
27. Field Theoretical Approach
Kurt Lewin
IQ - in the Stanford-Binet formulation - is found by
Gestalt Learning Theory
Proactive inhibition
28. Humanistic Theory of Learning
Abraham Maslow
John Seely Brown
Social Learning Theory
Wolfgang Kohler
29. Knowledge is Constructed; the Learner is an Active Creator
Self-Efficacy
Constructivism
Jean Piaget
Law of Exercise
30. Constructive Knowledge.Construct with ideas and concepts of what they know.
Brunner
Gilligan
Gestalt Learning Theory
Lev Vygotsky
31. Development; Concepts: stages of moral development; Study Basics: Studied boys responses to and processes of reasoning in making moral decisions. Most famous moral dilemma is 'Heinz' who has an ill wife and cannot afford the medication. Should he ste
Intervening variables
Self-Actualization
Kohlberg
Jean Piaget
32. Occurs when the presence of previously learned material interferes with the learning of new material.
Gilligan
Edward C. Tolman
Social Learning Theory
Proactive inhibition
33. (Tolman)- the theory that animals (and humans) develop expectancy or anticipation of rewards for completing behaviors they have learned - and this expectancy functions as an internal incentive or motivation.
Attachment Theory
Bandura
Leon Festinger
Expectancy Theory
34. Sign Theory & Latent Learning
Kohlberg
Edward C. Tolman
Humanistic Perspective
Jerome Bruner
35. (Thorndike)- the idea that bonds between stimulus and response take the form of neural connections. Learning involves the 'stamping in' of connections - forgetting involves 'stamping out' connections.
Humanistic Perspective
Connectionism
Self-Actualization
Stimulus Sampling Theory (SST)
36. Variables being observed and measured in response to the independent variables - such as amount of time taken to learn a task or respond after a stimulus is given - number of responses - etc.
Wolfgang Kohler
Statistical Learning Theory
Dependent variables
Keneth W. Spence
37. (Piaget) - an element of a cognitive structure. Schema refers to a general potential to perform a class of behaviors - and content describes the conditions that prevail during any particular example of that potential being activated. (Schemata = plul
Schema
Observational Learning
Jean Piaget
Jean Piaget
38. Presented a theory of self-efficacy - or the importance of one's personal belief regarding self-ability and chances of success - as key to motivation.
Bandura
Jack Mezirow
Operant Conditioning
Edwin Guthrie
39. Theory of Classical Conditioning
Zone of Proximal development (ZPD)
Albert Bandura
Ivan Pavlov
Discrimination Learning Theory
40. Development; Concepts: gender in moral development; Study Basics: Did moral development studies to follow up Kohlberg. She studied girls and women and found that they did not score as high on his six stage scale because they focused more on relations
Gilligan
Proactive inhibition
Clark Hull
Drive Reduction Theory
41. Physiological- water - sleep food. Safety- security - shelter - protection Belongingness- love - friendship - acceptance. Ego Needs- prestige - status. Self Actualization- self fulfillment - enriching experiances
42. Follower of Jean Piaget. Developed and researched advanced organizers. Developed subsumation theorty - that the primary process in learning is subsumation where new material is relation to relevant ideas in the existing cognitive structure in a subst
Psychosexual Theory
John B. Watson
John Seely Brown
David Ausubel
43. Four stage theory of cognitive development: 1. sensorimotor - 2. preoperational - 3. concrete operational - and 4. formal operational. He said that the two basic processes work in tandem to achieve cognitive growth-assimilation and accomodation
Behavioralism
Jean Piaget
Jack Mezirow
Law of Effect
44. Gestalt Theory
Kurt Koffka
Brunner
Edward C. Tolman
Observational Learning
45. Connectionism; Wrote the thesis - 'Animal Intelligence: An Experimental Study of the Associative Processes in Animals' - in which he concluded that an experimental approach is the only way to understand learning and established his famous 'Law of Eff
Neo-behaviorism
Expectancy Theory
Kohlberg
Edward L.Thorndike
46. Cognitive Apprenticeship
Gardner
Drive Reduction Theory
Bandura
John Seely Brown
47. Cognitive Dissonance
Schema
Self-Efficacy
Leon Festinger
Max Wertheimer 1880
48. Neo-Freudian - humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development: theory shows how people evolve through the life span. Each stage is marked by a psychological crisis that involves confronting 'Who am I?'
Edward L.Thorndike
Schema
Sigmund Freud
Erik Erikson
49. Albert Bandura - 1. Attention - the learner must have his/her senses directed at the model 2. Retention - coding - and storing the patterns so they can be retrieved. This may include vivid imagery an verbal descriptions. 3. Motor reproduction - kines
Discrimination Learning Theory
Leon Festinger
Observational Learning
John Seely Brown
50. (Thorndike) - Responses which occur just prior to a satisfying state of affairs are more likely to be repeated - and responses just prior to an annoying state of affairs are more likely NOT to be repeated.
Intervening variables
Cognitive Theories
Law of Effect
Kurt Koffka