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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Educational Psychology Theorists And Theories
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Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. (Estes) - A theory developed by Estes that attempts to show how stimuli are sampled and attached to responses. A statistical learning theory.
Stimulus Sampling Theory (SST)
Cognitive Perspective
Wolfgang Kohler
Psychosexual Theory
2. Humanistic; Experiential Learning
Law of Effect
Bandura
Carl Rogers
Kurt Lewin
3. Development; Concepts: stages of moral development; Study Basics: Studied boys responses to and processes of reasoning in making moral decisions. Most famous moral dilemma is 'Heinz' who has an ill wife and cannot afford the medication. Should he ste
Brunner
Psychosexual Theory
Max Wertheimer 1880
Kohlberg
4. Albert Bandura - 1. Attention - the learner must have his/her senses directed at the model 2. Retention - coding - and storing the patterns so they can be retrieved. This may include vivid imagery an verbal descriptions. 3. Motor reproduction - kines
Behavioralism
Inert knowledge
Observational Learning
Kohlberg
5. A learning theory in which the probablity of a response is the dependent variable. Independent variables are usually stimuli controlled by the researcher. These are attempts to quantify and objectify learning research.
Max Wertheimer 1880
Statistical Learning Theory
Connectionism
Social Learning Theory
6. (Behaviorism)- One explanation for learning in behaviorism; an association is built between two events simply because they occured simultaneously or overlapping in time.For example - if food is presented while some auditory signal is given - a dog wi
Operant Conditioning
Contiguity
Attachment Theory
B. F. Skinner
7. Occurs when the presence of previously learned material interferes with the learning of new material.
Jean Piaget
William Kaye Estes
Jean Piaget
Proactive inhibition
8. Knowledge is Constructed; the Learner is an Active Creator
Zone of Proximal development (ZPD)
Humanist Theories
Constructivism
Psychosexual Theory
9. Neo-Freudian - humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development: theory shows how people evolve through the life span. Each stage is marked by a psychological crisis that involves confronting 'Who am I?'
Erik Erikson
J.P. Guilford
Kurt Lewin
Observational Learning
10. Variables being observed and measured in response to the independent variables - such as amount of time taken to learn a task or respond after a stimulus is given - number of responses - etc.
Albert Bandura
Edward L.Thorndike
Jean Piaget
Dependent variables
11. Operant Conditioning
Law of Effect
Proactive inhibition
Expectancy Theory
B. F. Skinner
12. Psychoanalytic Theory of Learning; The role of the Unconscious Mind in Learning
Attachment Theory
Cognitive Perspective
Operant Conditioning
Sigmund Freud
13. In the study of motivation - an explanation of behavior that asserts that people actively and regularly determine their own goals and the means of achieving them through thought.
Connectionism
Bandura
IQ - in the Stanford-Binet formulation - is found by
Cognitive Theories
14. (G. A. Miller)- (Test - Operate - Test - Exit). These are operational feedback units that function within a self-regulated system.
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15. Dividing mental age by chronological age and multiplying by 100.
Dependent variables
Zone of Proximal development (ZPD)
Abraham Maslow
IQ - in the Stanford-Binet formulation - is found by
16. A transitional group - bridging the gap between behaviorism and cognitive theories of learning. timulus-Response; Intervening Internal Variables; Purposive Behavior; E.C.Tolman - Clark Hull - Kenneth W. Spence
Self-Efficacy
J.P. Guilford
Sigmund Freud
Neo-behaviorism
17. Field Theoretical Approach
Kurt Lewin
Brunner
Kohlberg
Carl Rogers
18. Freud's theory which emphasized that how parents manage their child's sexual and aggressive drives in he first few years is crucial for healthy personality development
Jean Piaget
Erik Erikson
Psychosexual Theory
Self-Efficacy
19. Emotions and Affect Play a Role in Learning
David Ausubel
Inert knowledge
Humanistic Perspective
Jean Piaget
20. Insight Learning
Law of Effect
Wolfgang Kohler
Lev Vygotsky
Erik Erikson
21. Emphasizes how culture and social interaction guide cognitive development - Developed the idea of the 'Zone of Proximal Development -' mainly focused on cognitive development of children.
Ivan Pavlov
Kurt Koffka
Lev Vygotsky
Jean Piaget
22. A theory that psychology is essentially a study of external human behavior rather than internal consciousness and desires.
Discrimination Learning Theory
Behavioralism
Social Learning Theory
J.P. Guilford
23. Sign Theory & Latent Learning
Attachment Theory
TOTE's
Edward C. Tolman
Carl Rogers
24. 1925 - Observational Learning
Clark Hull
David Ausubel
Edward C. Tolman
Albert Bandura
25. (Piaget) - an element of a cognitive structure. Schema refers to a general potential to perform a class of behaviors - and content describes the conditions that prevail during any particular example of that potential being activated. (Schemata = plul
J.P. Guilford
TOTE's
Schema
Neo-behaviorism
26. (Thorndike) - Responses which occur just prior to a satisfying state of affairs are more likely to be repeated - and responses just prior to an annoying state of affairs are more likely NOT to be repeated.
Kohlberg
Humanist Theories
Law of Effect
Connectionism
27. Contiguity Theory; 'One-Trial Learning' (Behaviorism)
Albert Bandura
Edwin Guthrie
Drive Reduction Theory
Law of Effect
28. Gestalt Learning Theory
Jean Piaget
Social Learning Perspective
Psychosexual Theory
Max Wertheimer 1880
29. (Thorndike)- the idea that bonds between stimulus and response are strengthened by recency - frequency - and contiguity.
Law of Exercise
Attachment Theory
Ivan Pavlov
Wolfgang Kohler
30. Coined the term 'Behaviorism'
Contiguity
Jean Piaget
Discrimination Learning Theory
John B. Watson
31. Cognitive Dissonance
Bandura
B. F. Skinner
Gardner
Leon Festinger
32. Connectionism; Wrote the thesis - 'Animal Intelligence: An Experimental Study of the Associative Processes in Animals' - in which he concluded that an experimental approach is the only way to understand learning and established his famous 'Law of Eff
Humanistic Perspective
Edward L.Thorndike
Sigmund Freud
Max Wertheimer 1880
33. (Tolman) - these are hypothetical constructs rather than physical parameters. They are definable and measurable but not observable. They have functional relationships with both independent and dependent variables. They are internal cognitive processe
Clark Hull
Humanistic Perspective
Proactive inhibition
Intervening variables
34. Discrimination Learning
Clark Hull
Social Learning Perspective
Keneth W. Spence
Kurt Lewin
35. Four stage theory of cognitive development: 1. sensorimotor - 2. preoperational - 3. concrete operational - and 4. formal operational. He said that the two basic processes work in tandem to achieve cognitive growth-assimilation and accomodation
William Kaye Estes
Law of Effect
Jean Piaget
Jack Mezirow
36. Social Constructivism; The Zone of Proximal Development is a concept for which he is well known.
Contiguity
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Keneth W. Spence
Lev Vygotsky
37. (Tolman)- the theory that animals (and humans) develop expectancy or anticipation of rewards for completing behaviors they have learned - and this expectancy functions as an internal incentive or motivation.
Expectancy Theory
John Seely Brown
Jerome Bruner
Schema
38. Refers to one's belief about one's ability to perform behaviors that should lead to expected outcomes. Those with high levels for a particular task are more likely to succeed than those with low levels
Lev Vygotsky
Cognitive Perspective
Self-Efficacy
Self-Actualization
39. Explanation of development that focuses on the quality of the early emotional relationships developed between children and their caregivers
Attachment Theory
Abraham Maslow
Observational Learning
Behavioralism
40. Physiological- water - sleep food. Safety- security - shelter - protection Belongingness- love - friendship - acceptance. Ego Needs- prestige - status. Self Actualization- self fulfillment - enriching experiances
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41. Development; Concepts: gender in moral development; Study Basics: Did moral development studies to follow up Kohlberg. She studied girls and women and found that they did not score as high on his six stage scale because they focused more on relations
Gilligan
Attachment Theory
Abraham Maslow
Edwin Guthrie
42. While earlier theories often focused on abnormal behavior and psychological problems - humanist theories instead emphasized the basic goodness of human beings. Some of these theorists include Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow.
Brunner
Humanist Theories
Edwin Guthrie
Wolfgang Kohler
43. Constructivist; Genetic Epistemology; Stages of Cognitive Development
Drive Reduction Theory
Inert knowledge
Proactive inhibition
Jean Piaget
44. Constructivist; published The Process of Education; theories emphasize the significance of categorization in learning
Statistical Learning Theory
Leon Festinger
Jerome Bruner
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
45. Learning as a Mental Process
Cognitive Perspective
Sigmund Freud
Gilligan
Bandura
46. Gestalt Theory
Kurt Koffka
Discrimination Learning Theory
Edward L.Thorndike
Social Learning Perspective
47. The theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded or punished
Law of Exercise
Social Learning Theory
Albert Bandura
John B. Watson
48. According to Maslow - the ultimate psychological need that arises after basic physical and psychological needs are met and self-esteem is achieved; the motivation to fulfill one's potential
Self-Actualization
Gilligan
William Kaye Estes
Connectionism
49. Follower of Jean Piaget. Developed and researched advanced organizers. Developed subsumation theorty - that the primary process in learning is subsumation where new material is relation to relevant ideas in the existing cognitive structure in a subst
David Ausubel
Brunner
Ivan Pavlov
Law of Effect
50. Vygotsky - ZPD refers to the observation that children - when learning a particular task or body of information - are unable initiallly to do the task. Later they can do it with the assistance of an adult or older child mentor - and finally they can
Zone of Proximal development (ZPD)
Proactive inhibition
Abraham Maslow
Clark Hull