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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Educational Psychology Theorists And Theories
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clep
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teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Vygotsky - ZPD refers to the observation that children - when learning a particular task or body of information - are unable initiallly to do the task. Later they can do it with the assistance of an adult or older child mentor - and finally they can
Cognitive Perspective
Sigmund Freud
Proactive inhibition
Zone of Proximal development (ZPD)
2. Development; Concepts: gender in moral development; Study Basics: Did moral development studies to follow up Kohlberg. She studied girls and women and found that they did not score as high on his six stage scale because they focused more on relations
Gilligan
Constructivism
John Seely Brown
Self-Actualization
3. Multiple intelligence theory specifies seven different intelligences that presume a broadened definition of intelligence.
Wolfgang Kohler
Zone of Proximal development (ZPD)
Gardner
Jean Piaget
4. Emphasizes how culture and social interaction guide cognitive development - Developed the idea of the 'Zone of Proximal Development -' mainly focused on cognitive development of children.
Kurt Koffka
Lev Vygotsky
Expectancy Theory
John B. Watson
5. Presented a theory of self-efficacy - or the importance of one's personal belief regarding self-ability and chances of success - as key to motivation.
Law of Exercise
J.P. Guilford
Bandura
Max Wertheimer 1880
6. While earlier theories often focused on abnormal behavior and psychological problems - humanist theories instead emphasized the basic goodness of human beings. Some of these theorists include Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow.
Connectionism
Humanist Theories
Drive Reduction Theory
Self-Efficacy
7. Humanistic; Experiential Learning
Jean Piaget
TOTE's
Albert Bandura
Carl Rogers
8. Constructive Knowledge.Construct with ideas and concepts of what they know.
Kohlberg
Cognitive Perspective
Brunner
B. F. Skinner
9. Stimulus Sampling Theory (SST)
Attachment Theory
Bandura
William Kaye Estes
Clark Hull
10. A transitional group - bridging the gap between behaviorism and cognitive theories of learning. timulus-Response; Intervening Internal Variables; Purposive Behavior; E.C.Tolman - Clark Hull - Kenneth W. Spence
Sigmund Freud
Bandura
Albert Bandura
Neo-behaviorism
11. Psychoanalytic Theory of Learning; The role of the Unconscious Mind in Learning
Operant Conditioning
Lev Vygotsky
Contiguity
Sigmund Freud
12. Discrimination Learning
Attachment Theory
Law of Effect
Social Learning Theory
Keneth W. Spence
13. Perception - Decision making - Attention - Memory - & Problem Solving
Gestalt Learning Theory
Humanist Theories
Dependent variables
Neo-behaviorism
14. Cognitive Apprenticeship
Cognitive Perspective
Statistical Learning Theory
Brunner
John Seely Brown
15. A learning theory in which the probablity of a response is the dependent variable. Independent variables are usually stimuli controlled by the researcher. These are attempts to quantify and objectify learning research.
Kohlberg
Edwin Guthrie
Jack Mezirow
Statistical Learning Theory
16. Freud's theory which emphasized that how parents manage their child's sexual and aggressive drives in he first few years is crucial for healthy personality development
Max Wertheimer 1880
Psychosexual Theory
Bandura
Law of Effect
17. (Tolman) - these are hypothetical constructs rather than physical parameters. They are definable and measurable but not observable. They have functional relationships with both independent and dependent variables. They are internal cognitive processe
Intervening variables
Cognitive Perspective
Social Learning Perspective
Ivan Pavlov
18. Cognitive Dissonance
Wolfgang Kohler
Leon Festinger
Statistical Learning Theory
Social Learning Perspective
19. Refers to one's belief about one's ability to perform behaviors that should lead to expected outcomes. Those with high levels for a particular task are more likely to succeed than those with low levels
Expectancy Theory
Brunner
Self-Efficacy
Jack Mezirow
20. Drive Reduction Theory
Clark Hull
Self-Actualization
Cognitive Perspective
Erik Erikson
21. Dividing mental age by chronological age and multiplying by 100.
Proactive inhibition
Gestalt Learning Theory
IQ - in the Stanford-Binet formulation - is found by
Sigmund Freud
22. Follower of Jean Piaget. Developed and researched advanced organizers. Developed subsumation theorty - that the primary process in learning is subsumation where new material is relation to relevant ideas in the existing cognitive structure in a subst
Gardner
Schema
David Ausubel
Dependent variables
23. (Estes) - A theory developed by Estes that attempts to show how stimuli are sampled and attached to responses. A statistical learning theory.
Expectancy Theory
TOTE's
Operant Conditioning
Stimulus Sampling Theory (SST)
24. (Behaviorism)- One explanation for learning in behaviorism; an association is built between two events simply because they occured simultaneously or overlapping in time.For example - if food is presented while some auditory signal is given - a dog wi
Statistical Learning Theory
Jean Piaget
Contiguity
Jerome Bruner
25. (Thorndike) - Responses which occur just prior to a satisfying state of affairs are more likely to be repeated - and responses just prior to an annoying state of affairs are more likely NOT to be repeated.
J.P. Guilford
Jack Mezirow
Dependent variables
Law of Effect
26. Constructivist; published The Process of Education; theories emphasize the significance of categorization in learning
Gestalt Learning Theory
Jerome Bruner
Edwin Guthrie
Cognitive Theories
27. (Piaget) - an element of a cognitive structure. Schema refers to a general potential to perform a class of behaviors - and content describes the conditions that prevail during any particular example of that potential being activated. (Schemata = plul
Keneth W. Spence
Statistical Learning Theory
Schema
Albert Bandura
28. Development; Concepts: stages of moral development; Study Basics: Studied boys responses to and processes of reasoning in making moral decisions. Most famous moral dilemma is 'Heinz' who has an ill wife and cannot afford the medication. Should he ste
Edward C. Tolman
Clark Hull
Psychosexual Theory
Kohlberg
29. Contiguity Theory; 'One-Trial Learning' (Behaviorism)
Edwin Guthrie
Bandura
Law of Exercise
Intervening variables
30. A theory that psychology is essentially a study of external human behavior rather than internal consciousness and desires.
Carl Rogers
Behavioralism
David Ausubel
Inert knowledge
31. Operant Conditioning
Gestalt Learning Theory
Zone of Proximal development (ZPD)
Attachment Theory
B. F. Skinner
32. Insight Learning
Lev Vygotsky
Wolfgang Kohler
Edward L.Thorndike
Humanistic Perspective
33. 1925 - Observational Learning
Edwin Guthrie
Kohlberg
Albert Bandura
Connectionism
34. Field Theoretical Approach
Edward C. Tolman
Discrimination Learning Theory
Kurt Lewin
J.P. Guilford
35. Humanistic Theory of Learning
Intervening variables
Abraham Maslow
Observational Learning
Neo-behaviorism
36. (Tolman)- the theory that animals (and humans) develop expectancy or anticipation of rewards for completing behaviors they have learned - and this expectancy functions as an internal incentive or motivation.
Expectancy Theory
Contiguity
Jerome Bruner
Constructivism
37. Social Constructivism; The Zone of Proximal Development is a concept for which he is well known.
Psychosexual Theory
Cognitive Perspective
Lev Vygotsky
IQ - in the Stanford-Binet formulation - is found by
38. (Brown - Cognitive apprenticeship)- knowledge which lacks application or cross contextual understanding.
Cognitive Perspective
Jean Piaget
IQ - in the Stanford-Binet formulation - is found by
Inert knowledge
39. Albert Bandura - 1. Attention - the learner must have his/her senses directed at the model 2. Retention - coding - and storing the patterns so they can be retrieved. This may include vivid imagery an verbal descriptions. 3. Motor reproduction - kines
Behavioralism
Humanistic Perspective
Psychosexual Theory
Observational Learning
40. Constructivist; Genetic Epistemology; Stages of Cognitive Development
Edward C. Tolman
Jean Piaget
Jack Mezirow
Cognitive Theories
41. In the study of motivation - an explanation of behavior that asserts that people actively and regularly determine their own goals and the means of achieving them through thought.
Leon Festinger
John Seely Brown
Connectionism
Cognitive Theories
42. Occurs when the presence of previously learned material interferes with the learning of new material.
Social Learning Theory
Proactive inhibition
William Kaye Estes
Discrimination Learning Theory
43. Learning as a group process; Lev Vygotsky 1896 - 1935 Social Constructivism
Connectionism
Self-Efficacy
Inert knowledge
Social Learning Perspective
44. Variables being observed and measured in response to the independent variables - such as amount of time taken to learn a task or respond after a stimulus is given - number of responses - etc.
Gardner
IQ - in the Stanford-Binet formulation - is found by
Dependent variables
Cognitive Theories
45. Gestalt Theory
David Ausubel
Kurt Koffka
Sigmund Freud
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
46. Sign Theory & Latent Learning
Inert knowledge
Connectionism
John Seely Brown
Edward C. Tolman
47. Explanation of development that focuses on the quality of the early emotional relationships developed between children and their caregivers
John B. Watson
Attachment Theory
Behavioralism
Self-Efficacy
48. Emotions and Affect Play a Role in Learning
Carl Rogers
Lev Vygotsky
Humanistic Perspective
Erik Erikson
49. Four stage theory of cognitive development: 1. sensorimotor - 2. preoperational - 3. concrete operational - and 4. formal operational. He said that the two basic processes work in tandem to achieve cognitive growth-assimilation and accomodation
John B. Watson
Jean Piaget
Inert knowledge
Behavioralism
50. Physiological- water - sleep food. Safety- security - shelter - protection Belongingness- love - friendship - acceptance. Ego Needs- prestige - status. Self Actualization- self fulfillment - enriching experiances
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