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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Educational Psychology Theorists And Theories
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clep
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teaching
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Cognitive Dissonance
Leon Festinger
Inert knowledge
Behavioralism
Kurt Koffka
2. (Thorndike) - Responses which occur just prior to a satisfying state of affairs are more likely to be repeated - and responses just prior to an annoying state of affairs are more likely NOT to be repeated.
Erik Erikson
Law of Effect
Cognitive Theories
Lev Vygotsky
3. Gestalt Learning Theory
Lev Vygotsky
Kohlberg
Observational Learning
Max Wertheimer 1880
4. A transitional group - bridging the gap between behaviorism and cognitive theories of learning. timulus-Response; Intervening Internal Variables; Purposive Behavior; E.C.Tolman - Clark Hull - Kenneth W. Spence
Neo-behaviorism
Drive Reduction Theory
Intervening variables
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
5. Learning as a group process; Lev Vygotsky 1896 - 1935 Social Constructivism
Social Learning Perspective
Connectionism
Intervening variables
Keneth W. Spence
6. Multiple intelligence theory specifies seven different intelligences that presume a broadened definition of intelligence.
Kurt Lewin
Gardner
Inert knowledge
Neo-behaviorism
7. Four stage theory of cognitive development: 1. sensorimotor - 2. preoperational - 3. concrete operational - and 4. formal operational. He said that the two basic processes work in tandem to achieve cognitive growth-assimilation and accomodation
Social Learning Theory
Self-Actualization
Jack Mezirow
Jean Piaget
8. Theory of Classical Conditioning
Albert Bandura
Jean Piaget
Bandura
Ivan Pavlov
9. (Tolman)- the theory that animals (and humans) develop expectancy or anticipation of rewards for completing behaviors they have learned - and this expectancy functions as an internal incentive or motivation.
Expectancy Theory
Jean Piaget
Psychosexual Theory
Neo-behaviorism
10. Constructivist; Genetic Epistemology; Stages of Cognitive Development
Social Learning Perspective
Jean Piaget
Zone of Proximal development (ZPD)
J.P. Guilford
11. Structure of intellect stipulated that intelligence depends on our mental operations (or process of thinking) - our thoughts (i.e. - content) - and the products or end results of these operations.
Kurt Lewin
J.P. Guilford
Keneth W. Spence
Gardner
12. Gestalt Theory
Neo-behaviorism
Kurt Koffka
Social Learning Theory
Albert Bandura
13. (Behaviorism - Skinner)- a model which states that when a resonse is followed by a reinforcer - the result will be an increase in the probability that this response will occur again under similar conditions.
Operant Conditioning
Humanist Theories
Cognitive Theories
Statistical Learning Theory
14. Presented a theory of self-efficacy - or the importance of one's personal belief regarding self-ability and chances of success - as key to motivation.
Law of Effect
B. F. Skinner
Bandura
Self-Efficacy
15. Social Constructivism; The Zone of Proximal Development is a concept for which he is well known.
Sigmund Freud
Lev Vygotsky
Carl Rogers
William Kaye Estes
16. Humanistic Theory of Learning
Abraham Maslow
Dependent variables
IQ - in the Stanford-Binet formulation - is found by
Behavioralism
17. (Brown - Cognitive apprenticeship)- knowledge which lacks application or cross contextual understanding.
Inert knowledge
John Seely Brown
Constructivism
Observational Learning
18. (Hull)- the notion that behavior occurs in reponse to 'drives' such as hunger - thirst - sexual interest - feeling cold - etc. When the goal of the drive is attained (food - water - mating - warmth) the drive is reduced - and this constitutes reinfor
Kurt Lewin
Drive Reduction Theory
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Jean Piaget
19. Stimulus Sampling Theory (SST)
Erik Erikson
Behavioralism
Constructivism
William Kaye Estes
20. Explanation of development that focuses on the quality of the early emotional relationships developed between children and their caregivers
Drive Reduction Theory
Bandura
Attachment Theory
Max Wertheimer 1880
21. Coined the term 'Behaviorism'
Leon Festinger
John B. Watson
Law of Exercise
Zone of Proximal development (ZPD)
22. Neo-Freudian - humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development: theory shows how people evolve through the life span. Each stage is marked by a psychological crisis that involves confronting 'Who am I?'
Edward L.Thorndike
Erik Erikson
Discrimination Learning Theory
Contiguity
23. Follower of Jean Piaget. Developed and researched advanced organizers. Developed subsumation theorty - that the primary process in learning is subsumation where new material is relation to relevant ideas in the existing cognitive structure in a subst
David Ausubel
Cognitive Theories
Erik Erikson
Edward L.Thorndike
24. Development; Concepts: stages of moral development; Study Basics: Studied boys responses to and processes of reasoning in making moral decisions. Most famous moral dilemma is 'Heinz' who has an ill wife and cannot afford the medication. Should he ste
Wolfgang Kohler
Law of Exercise
Kohlberg
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
25. In the study of motivation - an explanation of behavior that asserts that people actively and regularly determine their own goals and the means of achieving them through thought.
Statistical Learning Theory
Clark Hull
Cognitive Theories
Edwin Guthrie
26. (G. A. Miller)- (Test - Operate - Test - Exit). These are operational feedback units that function within a self-regulated system.
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27. 1925 - Observational Learning
David Ausubel
Albert Bandura
Kurt Koffka
Abraham Maslow
28. Psychoanalytic Theory of Learning; The role of the Unconscious Mind in Learning
Ivan Pavlov
Sigmund Freud
Contiguity
Law of Effect
29. Occurs when the presence of previously learned material interferes with the learning of new material.
Kurt Koffka
Intervening variables
Sigmund Freud
Proactive inhibition
30. Constructivist; published The Process of Education; theories emphasize the significance of categorization in learning
Stimulus Sampling Theory (SST)
Sigmund Freud
Jerome Bruner
Zone of Proximal development (ZPD)
31. Dividing mental age by chronological age and multiplying by 100.
Schema
Psychosexual Theory
IQ - in the Stanford-Binet formulation - is found by
Wolfgang Kohler
32. While earlier theories often focused on abnormal behavior and psychological problems - humanist theories instead emphasized the basic goodness of human beings. Some of these theorists include Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow.
Humanist Theories
Discrimination Learning Theory
Leon Festinger
Abraham Maslow
33. According to Maslow - the ultimate psychological need that arises after basic physical and psychological needs are met and self-esteem is achieved; the motivation to fulfill one's potential
Humanistic Perspective
Sigmund Freud
Self-Actualization
Erik Erikson
34. Contiguity Theory; 'One-Trial Learning' (Behaviorism)
Dependent variables
Self-Actualization
IQ - in the Stanford-Binet formulation - is found by
Edwin Guthrie
35. Freud's theory which emphasized that how parents manage their child's sexual and aggressive drives in he first few years is crucial for healthy personality development
Abraham Maslow
Edwin Guthrie
Psychosexual Theory
Stimulus Sampling Theory (SST)
36. (Tolman) - these are hypothetical constructs rather than physical parameters. They are definable and measurable but not observable. They have functional relationships with both independent and dependent variables. They are internal cognitive processe
TOTE's
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
B. F. Skinner
Intervening variables
37. (Estes) - A theory developed by Estes that attempts to show how stimuli are sampled and attached to responses. A statistical learning theory.
Social Learning Theory
Stimulus Sampling Theory (SST)
Law of Effect
Attachment Theory
38. The theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded or punished
Social Learning Theory
Humanist Theories
John B. Watson
Proactive inhibition
39. (Spence)- reinforcement combined with frustration or inhibitors facilitated finding a correct stimulus among a cluster which included incorrect ones. This was a 'carrot and stick' model.
Dependent variables
Jack Mezirow
Discrimination Learning Theory
Cognitive Perspective
40. Variables being observed and measured in response to the independent variables - such as amount of time taken to learn a task or respond after a stimulus is given - number of responses - etc.
Kurt Koffka
Kurt Lewin
Law of Effect
Dependent variables
41. (Thorndike)- the idea that bonds between stimulus and response take the form of neural connections. Learning involves the 'stamping in' of connections - forgetting involves 'stamping out' connections.
Jean Piaget
Connectionism
Lev Vygotsky
Humanistic Perspective
42. Drive Reduction Theory
Clark Hull
Leon Festinger
Jerome Bruner
Drive Reduction Theory
43. (Thorndike)- the idea that bonds between stimulus and response are strengthened by recency - frequency - and contiguity.
Lev Vygotsky
Edwin Guthrie
Law of Exercise
Jack Mezirow
44. (Behaviorism)- One explanation for learning in behaviorism; an association is built between two events simply because they occured simultaneously or overlapping in time.For example - if food is presented while some auditory signal is given - a dog wi
Contiguity
Carl Rogers
Self-Actualization
Kohlberg
45. Cognitive Apprenticeship
John Seely Brown
Jean Piaget
David Ausubel
Proactive inhibition
46. Emotions and Affect Play a Role in Learning
Stimulus Sampling Theory (SST)
Observational Learning
Humanistic Perspective
Sigmund Freud
47. Knowledge is Constructed; the Learner is an Active Creator
Dependent variables
Constructivism
Proactive inhibition
Operant Conditioning
48. Learning as a Mental Process
Cognitive Perspective
William Kaye Estes
Sigmund Freud
Proactive inhibition
49. Humanistic; Transformational Learning
J.P. Guilford
Abraham Maslow
Jack Mezirow
Kurt Lewin
50. Emphasizes how culture and social interaction guide cognitive development - Developed the idea of the 'Zone of Proximal Development -' mainly focused on cognitive development of children.
Lev Vygotsky
Schema
Edward C. Tolman
Contiguity