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CLEP General Math: Number Sense - Patterns - Algebraic Thinking

Subjects : clep, math, algebra
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A + (-a) = (-a) + a = 0






2. Our standard notions of Pythagorean distance and angle via the inner product extend quite nicely from three-space.






3. This area of mathematics relates symmetry to whether or not an equation has a 'simple' solution.






4. Use parentheses - brackets - or curly braces to delimit the part of an expression you want evaluated first.






5. ____________ theory enables us to use mathematics to characterize and predict the behavior of random events. By 'random' we mean 'unpredictable' in the sense that in a given specific situation - our knowledge of current conditions gives us no way to






6. Uses second derivatives to relate acceleration in space to acceleration in time.






7. A(b + c) = a · b + a · c a(b - c) = a · b - a · c






8. Mathematical statement that equates two mathematical expressions.






9. This method can create a flat map from a curved surface while preserving all angles in any features present.






10. Trigonometric functions - such as sine and cosine - are useful for modeling sound waves - because they oscillate between values






11. Arise from the attempt to measure all quantities with a common unit of measure.






12. Cantor called the cardinality of all the sets that can be put into one-to-one correspondence with the counting numbers - or 'Aleph Null.'






13. Reveals why we tend to find structure in seemingly random sets. Ramsey numbers indicate how big a set must be to guarantee the existence of certain minimal structures.






14. Index p radicand






15. Is a path that visits every node in a graph and ends where it began.






16. If a represents any whole number - then a






17. In some ways - the opposite of a multitude is a magnitude - which is ___________. In other words - there are no well defined partitions.






18. This important result says that every natural number greater than one can be expressed as a product of primes in exactly one way.






19. Three is the common property of the group of sets containing three members. This idea is called '__________ -' which is a synonym for 'size.' The set {a -b -c} is a representative set of the cardinal number 3.






20. Of central importance in Ramsey Theory - and in combinatorics in general - is the 'pigeonhole principle -' also known as Dirichlet's box. This principle simply states that we cannot fit n+1 pigeons into n pigeonholes in such a way that only one pigeo






21. The process of taking a complicated signal and breaking it into sine and cosine components.






22. Every whole number can be uniquely factored as a product of primes. This result guarantees that if the prime factors are ordered from smallest to largest - everyone will get the same result when breaking a number into a product of prime factors.






23. N = {1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - . . .}.






24. If a = b then






25. An important part of problem solving is identifying






26. A way to extrinsically measure the curvature of a surface by looking at a given point and finding the contour line with the greatest curvature and the contour line with the least curvature.






27. A + b = b + a






28. A sphere can be thought of as a stack of circular discs of increasing - then decreasing - radii. The process of slicing is one way to visualize higher-dimensional objects via level curves and surfaces. A hypersphere can be thought of as a 'stack' of






29. Breaks a complicated signal into a combination of simple sine waves. Fourier synthesis does the opposite - constructing a complicated signal from simple sine waves.






30. Says that when a random process - such as dropping marbles through a Galton board - is repeated many times - the frequencies of the observed outcomes get increasingly closer to the theoretical probabilities.






31. When writing mathematical statements - follow the mantra:






32. The state of appearing unchanged.






33. If we start with a number x and subtract a number a - then adding a to the result will return us to the original number x. In symbols - x - a + a = x. So -






34. 1. Any two points can be joined by a straight line. 2. Any straight line segment can be extended indefinitely in a straight line. 3. Given any straight line segment - a circle can be drawn having the segment as radius and one endpoint as center. 4. A

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35. TA model of a sequence of random events. Each marble that passes through the system represents a trial consisting of as many random events as there are rows in the system.






36. If a and b are any whole numbers - then a






37. The surface of a standard 'donut shape'.






38. A way to analyze sequences of events where the outcomes of prior events affect the probability of outcomes of subsequent events.






39. In this type of geometry the angles of a triangle add up to less than 180 degrees. In such a system - one has to replace the parallel postulate with a version that admits many parallel lines.






40. If we start with a number x and add a number a - then subtracting a from the result will return us to the original number x. x + a - a = x. so -






41. W = {0 - 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - . . .} is called






42. Does not change the solution set. That is - if a = b - then multiplying both sides of the equation by c produces the equivalent equation a






43. You must let your readers know what each variable in your problem represents. This can be accomplished in a number of ways: Statements such as 'Let P represent the perimeter of the rectangle.' - Labeling unknown values with variables in a table - Lab






44. An object possessing continuous symmetries can remain invariant while one symmetry is turned into another. A circle is an example of an object with continuous symmetries.






45. The distribution of averages of many trials is always normal - even if the distribution of each trial is not.






46. Non-Euclidean geometries abide by some - but not all of Euclid's five postulates.






47. Let a and b represent two whole numbers. Then - a + b = b + a.






48. If its final digit is a 0 or 5.






49. Determines the likelihood of events that are not independent of one another.






50. If a whole number is not a prime number - then it is called a...