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CLEP Human Growth And Development

Subjects : clep, teaching
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development






2. A technique of prenatal diagnosis in which amniotic fluid - obtained by aspiration from a needle inserted into the uterus - is analyzed to detect certain genetic and congenital defects in the fetus.






3. Proposed the 5 stages of perspective taking: Egocentrism - Assume one perspective is right - Understands intention - Understands perspective of the larger social group






4. The appropriate use of language in different contexts






5. In Bronfenbrenner's bioecological approach - settings not experienced directly by individuals still influence their development (for example - effects of events at a parent's workplace on children's development).






6. Increased exposure to stimuli - enhanced encoding (storing) of information in long-term memory - and increased ease and efficiency in retrieving the stored information will improve this






7. Psychologist who defined 3 styles of parenting: authoritarian - authoritative - permissive.






8. Second of Piaget's (age 2-7). begin to use words as mental symbols and to form mental images. still limited in their ability to use logic to solve problems. do not yet understand conservation.






9. This causes more deaths in children than physical abuse






10. Infant who appears withdrawn - depressed - and is losing all interest in the world is expressing symptoms of this






11. Psychologist who researched the relationship of body contact and nourishment to attachment - using infant monkeys and artificial mothers






12. A technique of detecting fetal abnormalities that involves examination of placental tissue extracted from the chorion






13. Big 5 trait that increases for both sexes over their lifetimes






14. Joy - Anger - Fear - Surprise - Interest - Disgust - Distress - Sadness






15. Introduced the concept of fast mapping. calculated that children between the ages of 1.5 and 6 learn an average of nine new words per day.






16. The generation of adults who simultaneously try to meet the competing needs of their parents and their children






17. The basis for most human learning






18. Psychologist to propose the Ecological Systems Theory - views child as developing within a complex system of relationships from microsystem to macrosystem






19. A period of time in the development of identity in which a person delays making a decision about important issues but actively explores various alternatives






20. This action during pregnancy may be associated with poor academic performance by the child later on






21. Unresponsiveness to others - oc behaviors - anger outburst - social avoidance - regression in behavior/language (4x more prevalent in boys)






22. Proposed that challenging children with complex words helps them to develop their language more rapidly.






23. The principle that development proceeds from the center of the body outward






24. Behavior that benefits someone else or society but that generally offers no obvious benefit to the person performing it; can be taught through positive reinforcement - observational learning - modeling - and assignment of responsibilities designed to






25. A theory of development that takes its cue in many ways from evolutionary theory - concentrating on traits that are inborn or dependent on 'critical periods' for their eventual emergence






26. Vygotsky's idea that learners should be given only just enough help so that they can reach the next level






27. The need to connect with others - which is often intensified if a threat of danger is imminent and people need to come together to support each other






28. We don't inherit a specific IQ; rather we have a range of academic potential






29. An explicit understanding of how learning works and an awareness of yourself as a learner.






30. Play by infants and toddlers. activity that involves simple - repetitive movements and no symbolic thinking required. eg. sand shoveling - splashing water - pushing a toy






31. Suggested children are born into world with empty minds - environment shapes them






32. Piaget's notion of incorporating a novel idea or object into an existing schema or conception






33. Devised the Triarchic Theory of Intelligence (academic problem-solving - practical - and creative); proposed three components of adult love: intimacy - commitment - and passion






34. Sense that is least well-developed at birth






35. Infant startle response to sudden - intense noise or movement. When startled the newborn arches its back - throws back its head - and flings out its arms and legs.






36. Loss of elasticity of the lens and thus loss of ability to see close objects as a result of the aging process






37. When children are most sensitive to the effects of stimuli. different ages for different stimuli.






38. The set of rules by which we derive meaning from morphemes - words - and sentences in a given language; the study of meaning






39. Piaget's notion of adapting one's current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information






40. Inflicting harm in order to obtain something of value






41. Social cognitive theorist who proposed that learning takes place in social context: observing and imitating others. also believed people used self-efficacy to overcome fear/trauma.






42. Occurs when grammatical rules are incorrectly generalized to irregular cases where they do not apply






43. Suggested that children are born good - bad experiences lead to negative changes






44. According to Piaget - we possess these to create abstract - generalized account of repeated events






45. Gifted children grow up to be more well-adjusted - more successful - healthier adults






46. Form of indirect aggression - prevalent in girls - involving spreading rumors - gossiping - and nonverbal putdowns for the purpose of social manipulation






47. When more categories are added to one's self-description






48. First of Piaget's. lasts from birth to acquisition of language. cognitive devmt begins and children learn causality - object permanence towards end






49. Term coined by animal psychologists Marian Breland Bailey and Keller Breland; tendency for animals to return to innate behaviors following repeated reinforcement






50. Child has smaller-than normal brain leading to other disabilities