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CLEP Human Growth And Development

Subjects : clep, teaching
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Term coined by animal psychologists Marian Breland Bailey and Keller Breland; tendency for animals to return to innate behaviors following repeated reinforcement






2. Infant who appears withdrawn - depressed - and is losing all interest in the world is expressing symptoms of this






3. Defined the theory of 3 levels of moral development. there are two stages within each level. to achieve advanced moral development - children must be exposed to both sides of moral dilemmas






4. Psychologist who researched the relationship of body contact and nourishment to attachment - using infant monkeys and artificial mothers






5. Behavior that benefits someone else or society but that generally offers no obvious benefit to the person performing it; can be taught through positive reinforcement - observational learning - modeling - and assignment of responsibilities designed to






6. Piaget's notion of adapting one's current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information






7. A technique of prenatal diagnosis in which amniotic fluid - obtained by aspiration from a needle inserted into the uterus - is analyzed to detect certain genetic and congenital defects in the fetus.






8. Vygotsky's idea that learners should be given only just enough help so that they can reach the next level






9. Term for practical intelligence






10. Gifted children grow up to be more well-adjusted - more successful - healthier adults






11. Those with this disease are often normal weight






12. From Lev Vygotsky's theory. the difference between what a child can do with help and what the child can do without any help or guidance.






13. Harvard researcher that has identified at least eight types of intelligences: linguistic - logical/mathematical - bodily/kinesthetic - musical - spatial (visual) - interpersonal (the ability to understand others) - intrapersonal (the ability to under






14. When infants display a decrease in interest toward an object






15. Psychologist to propose the Ecological Systems Theory - views child as developing within a complex system of relationships from microsystem to macrosystem






16. In Piaget's theory these are flexible and reversible






17. In Bronfenbrenner's bioecological approach - settings not experienced directly by individuals still influence their development (for example - effects of events at a parent's workplace on children's development).






18. Unresponsiveness to others - oc behaviors - anger outburst - social avoidance - regression in behavior/language (4x more prevalent in boys)






19. The fact that children can map a word onto an underlying concept after only a single exposure






20. Introduced the concept of fast mapping. calculated that children between the ages of 1.5 and 6 learn an average of nine new words per day.






21. The appropriate use of language in different contexts






22. Form of indirect aggression - prevalent in girls - involving spreading rumors - gossiping - and nonverbal putdowns for the purpose of social manipulation






23. Big 5 trait that increases for both sexes over their lifetimes






24. This causes more deaths in children than physical abuse






25. Proposed the 5 stages of perspective taking: Egocentrism - Assume one perspective is right - Understands intention - Understands perspective of the larger social group






26. The set of rules by which we derive meaning from morphemes - words - and sentences in a given language; the study of meaning






27. Sternberg's theory that intelligence consists of analytical intelligence - creative intelligence - and practical intelligence.






28. The generation of adults who simultaneously try to meet the competing needs of their parents and their children






29. Child has smaller-than normal brain leading to other disabilities






30. Increased exposure to stimuli - enhanced encoding (storing) of information in long-term memory - and increased ease and efficiency in retrieving the stored information will improve this






31. We don't inherit a specific IQ; rather we have a range of academic potential






32. Joy - Anger - Fear - Surprise - Interest - Disgust - Distress - Sadness






33. Freud's third aspect of our personality to develop - involved an overriding moral guidepost - transmitted to the child in great part through adult authority figures






34. The understanding that a certain object or event can be simultaneously perceived by more than one sensory system






35. This system and organ are most susceptible to teratogens after conception






36. Oral - anal (1-3) - phallic (4-6) - latency (6-puberty) - genital






37. Suggested children are born into world with empty minds - environment shapes them






38. When children are most sensitive to the effects of stimuli. different ages for different stimuli.






39. Fourth of Piaget's. characterized by the ability to perform hypothetical reasoning and think abstractly.






40. Piaget's notion of incorporating a novel idea or object into an existing schema or conception






41. Father of attachment theory






42. The principle that development proceeds from the center of the body outward






43. An explicit understanding of how learning works and an awareness of yourself as a learner.






44. A period of time in the development of identity in which a person delays making a decision about important issues but actively explores various alternatives






45. When more categories are added to one's self-description






46. Characteristic of the thought of a preoperational child. children in this stage tend to project human qualities into inanimate objects






47. Social cognitive theorist who proposed that learning takes place in social context: observing and imitating others. also believed people used self-efficacy to overcome fear/trauma.






48. Loss of elasticity of the lens and thus loss of ability to see close objects as a result of the aging process






49. Infant startle response to sudden - intense noise or movement. When startled the newborn arches its back - throws back its head - and flings out its arms and legs.






50. Sense that is least well-developed at birth