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CLEP Human Growth And Development

Subjects : clep, teaching
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. From Lev Vygotsky's theory. the difference between what a child can do with help and what the child can do without any help or guidance.






2. Gifted children grow up to be more well-adjusted - more successful - healthier adults






3. Big 5 trait that increases for both sexes over their lifetimes






4. Sense that is least well-developed at birth






5. Inflicting harm in order to obtain something of value






6. According to Piaget - we possess these to create abstract - generalized account of repeated events






7. Stage of development when organism is most vulnerable to teratogens.






8. The generation of adults who simultaneously try to meet the competing needs of their parents and their children






9. Occurs when grammatical rules are incorrectly generalized to irregular cases where they do not apply






10. Term coined by animal psychologists Marian Breland Bailey and Keller Breland; tendency for animals to return to innate behaviors following repeated reinforcement






11. Sternberg's theory that intelligence consists of analytical intelligence - creative intelligence - and practical intelligence.






12. Second of Piaget's (age 2-7). begin to use words as mental symbols and to form mental images. still limited in their ability to use logic to solve problems. do not yet understand conservation.






13. Loss of elasticity of the lens and thus loss of ability to see close objects as a result of the aging process






14. First of Piaget's. lasts from birth to acquisition of language. cognitive devmt begins and children learn causality - object permanence towards end






15. Psychologist who defined 3 styles of parenting: authoritarian - authoritative - permissive.






16. Occurs between 11 and 13 months






17. The fact that children can map a word onto an underlying concept after only a single exposure






18. Father of attachment theory






19. Form of indirect aggression - prevalent in girls - involving spreading rumors - gossiping - and nonverbal putdowns for the purpose of social manipulation






20. Infant startle response to sudden - intense noise or movement. When startled the newborn arches its back - throws back its head - and flings out its arms and legs.






21. Piaget's notion of incorporating a novel idea or object into an existing schema or conception






22. Play by infants and toddlers. activity that involves simple - repetitive movements and no symbolic thinking required. eg. sand shoveling - splashing water - pushing a toy






23. Fourth of Piaget's. characterized by the ability to perform hypothetical reasoning and think abstractly.






24. An explicit understanding of how learning works and an awareness of yourself as a learner.






25. In Piaget's theory these are flexible and reversible






26. Oral - anal (1-3) - phallic (4-6) - latency (6-puberty) - genital






27. Third of Piaget's (7-11). children learn conservation and mathematical transformations.






28. The principle that development proceeds from the center of the body outward






29. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development






30. In Bronfenbrenner's bioecological approach - settings not experienced directly by individuals still influence their development (for example - effects of events at a parent's workplace on children's development).






31. A technique of prenatal diagnosis in which amniotic fluid - obtained by aspiration from a needle inserted into the uterus - is analyzed to detect certain genetic and congenital defects in the fetus.






32. Characteristic of the thought of a preoperational child. children in this stage tend to project human qualities into inanimate objects






33. Social cognitive theorist who proposed that learning takes place in social context: observing and imitating others. also believed people used self-efficacy to overcome fear/trauma.






34. Increased exposure to stimuli - enhanced encoding (storing) of information in long-term memory - and increased ease and efficiency in retrieving the stored information will improve this






35. This causes more deaths in children than physical abuse






36. This system and organ are most susceptible to teratogens after conception






37. When children are most sensitive to the effects of stimuli. different ages for different stimuli.






38. A period of time in the development of identity in which a person delays making a decision about important issues but actively explores various alternatives






39. A theory of development that takes its cue in many ways from evolutionary theory - concentrating on traits that are inborn or dependent on 'critical periods' for their eventual emergence






40. Proposed the 5 stages of perspective taking: Egocentrism - Assume one perspective is right - Understands intention - Understands perspective of the larger social group






41. Psychologist who researched the relationship of body contact and nourishment to attachment - using infant monkeys and artificial mothers






42. Psychologist to propose the Ecological Systems Theory - views child as developing within a complex system of relationships from microsystem to macrosystem






43. Freud's third aspect of our personality to develop - involved an overriding moral guidepost - transmitted to the child in great part through adult authority figures






44. The need to connect with others - which is often intensified if a threat of danger is imminent and people need to come together to support each other






45. Unresponsiveness to others - oc behaviors - anger outburst - social avoidance - regression in behavior/language (4x more prevalent in boys)






46. Term for practical intelligence






47. A technique of detecting fetal abnormalities that involves examination of placental tissue extracted from the chorion






48. Hall and Gesel launched this approach in which measures of behavior are taken on large numbers of individuals and age-related averages are computed to represent typical development






49. The understanding that a certain object or event can be simultaneously perceived by more than one sensory system






50. Vygotsky's idea that learners should be given only just enough help so that they can reach the next level