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CLEP Human Growth And Development

Subjects : clep, teaching
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Suggested children are born into world with empty minds - environment shapes them






2. Piaget's notion of incorporating a novel idea or object into an existing schema or conception






3. In Bronfenbrenner's bioecological approach - settings not experienced directly by individuals still influence their development (for example - effects of events at a parent's workplace on children's development).






4. Fourth of Piaget's. characterized by the ability to perform hypothetical reasoning and think abstractly.






5. Term coined by animal psychologists Marian Breland Bailey and Keller Breland; tendency for animals to return to innate behaviors following repeated reinforcement






6. Behavior that benefits someone else or society but that generally offers no obvious benefit to the person performing it; can be taught through positive reinforcement - observational learning - modeling - and assignment of responsibilities designed to






7. Suggested that children are born good - bad experiences lead to negative changes






8. Infant startle response to sudden - intense noise or movement. When startled the newborn arches its back - throws back its head - and flings out its arms and legs.






9. Form of indirect aggression - prevalent in girls - involving spreading rumors - gossiping - and nonverbal putdowns for the purpose of social manipulation






10. Term for practical intelligence






11. First of Piaget's. lasts from birth to acquisition of language. cognitive devmt begins and children learn causality - object permanence towards end






12. A technique of prenatal diagnosis in which amniotic fluid - obtained by aspiration from a needle inserted into the uterus - is analyzed to detect certain genetic and congenital defects in the fetus.






13. Introduced the concept of fast mapping. calculated that children between the ages of 1.5 and 6 learn an average of nine new words per day.






14. Vygotsky's idea that learners should be given only just enough help so that they can reach the next level






15. Father of attachment theory






16. The average number of MORPHEMES






17. Piaget's notion of adapting one's current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information






18. A technique of detecting fetal abnormalities that involves examination of placental tissue extracted from the chorion






19. Occurs between 11 and 13 months






20. Social cognitive theorist who proposed that learning takes place in social context: observing and imitating others. also believed people used self-efficacy to overcome fear/trauma.






21. The principle that development proceeds from the center of the body outward






22. When infants display a decrease in interest toward an object






23. Unresponsiveness to others - oc behaviors - anger outburst - social avoidance - regression in behavior/language (4x more prevalent in boys)






24. The understanding that a certain object or event can be simultaneously perceived by more than one sensory system






25. Characteristic of the thought of a preoperational child. children in this stage tend to project human qualities into inanimate objects






26. This action during pregnancy may be associated with poor academic performance by the child later on






27. Psychologist to propose the Ecological Systems Theory - views child as developing within a complex system of relationships from microsystem to macrosystem






28. Increased exposure to stimuli - enhanced encoding (storing) of information in long-term memory - and increased ease and efficiency in retrieving the stored information will improve this






29. A theory of development that takes its cue in many ways from evolutionary theory - concentrating on traits that are inborn or dependent on 'critical periods' for their eventual emergence






30. According to Piaget - we possess these to create abstract - generalized account of repeated events






31. This system and organ are most susceptible to teratogens after conception






32. When children are most sensitive to the effects of stimuli. different ages for different stimuli.






33. Occurs when grammatical rules are incorrectly generalized to irregular cases where they do not apply






34. Ability to become increasingly more effective in solving problems as more problems are solved. term coined by Harry Harlow.






35. Psychologist who researched the relationship of body contact and nourishment to attachment - using infant monkeys and artificial mothers






36. The generation of adults who simultaneously try to meet the competing needs of their parents and their children






37. Those with this disease are often normal weight






38. Third of Piaget's (7-11). children learn conservation and mathematical transformations.






39. Proposed the 5 stages of perspective taking: Egocentrism - Assume one perspective is right - Understands intention - Understands perspective of the larger social group






40. Second of Piaget's (age 2-7). begin to use words as mental symbols and to form mental images. still limited in their ability to use logic to solve problems. do not yet understand conservation.






41. Child has smaller-than normal brain leading to other disabilities






42. Oral - anal (1-3) - phallic (4-6) - latency (6-puberty) - genital






43. Stage of development when organism is most vulnerable to teratogens.






44. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development






45. Autism usually becomes evident between ___ and ___ months






46. Play by infants and toddlers. activity that involves simple - repetitive movements and no symbolic thinking required. eg. sand shoveling - splashing water - pushing a toy






47. Infant who appears withdrawn - depressed - and is losing all interest in the world is expressing symptoms of this






48. The appropriate use of language in different contexts






49. The basis for most human learning






50. The set of rules by which we derive meaning from morphemes - words - and sentences in a given language; the study of meaning