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CLEP Human Growth And Development

Subjects : clep, teaching
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In Piaget's theory these are flexible and reversible






2. This system and organ are most susceptible to teratogens after conception






3. Defined the theory of 3 levels of moral development. there are two stages within each level. to achieve advanced moral development - children must be exposed to both sides of moral dilemmas






4. Gifted children grow up to be more well-adjusted - more successful - healthier adults






5. Fourth of Piaget's. characterized by the ability to perform hypothetical reasoning and think abstractly.






6. Occurs between 11 and 13 months






7. The fact that children can map a word onto an underlying concept after only a single exposure






8. Infant who appears withdrawn - depressed - and is losing all interest in the world is expressing symptoms of this






9. Characteristic of the thought of a preoperational child. children in this stage tend to project human qualities into inanimate objects






10. When infants display a decrease in interest toward an object






11. The set of rules by which we derive meaning from morphemes - words - and sentences in a given language; the study of meaning






12. Piaget's notion of adapting one's current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information






13. Joy - Anger - Fear - Surprise - Interest - Disgust - Distress - Sadness






14. Proposed the 5 stages of perspective taking: Egocentrism - Assume one perspective is right - Understands intention - Understands perspective of the larger social group






15. Social cognitive theorist who proposed that learning takes place in social context: observing and imitating others. also believed people used self-efficacy to overcome fear/trauma.






16. Ability to become increasingly more effective in solving problems as more problems are solved. term coined by Harry Harlow.






17. According to Piaget - we possess these to create abstract - generalized account of repeated events






18. Suggested children are born into world with empty minds - environment shapes them






19. First of Piaget's. lasts from birth to acquisition of language. cognitive devmt begins and children learn causality - object permanence towards end






20. Introduced the concept of fast mapping. calculated that children between the ages of 1.5 and 6 learn an average of nine new words per day.






21. Piaget's notion of incorporating a novel idea or object into an existing schema or conception






22. Behavior that benefits someone else or society but that generally offers no obvious benefit to the person performing it; can be taught through positive reinforcement - observational learning - modeling - and assignment of responsibilities designed to






23. Child has smaller-than normal brain leading to other disabilities






24. Psychologist who defined 3 styles of parenting: authoritarian - authoritative - permissive.






25. This action during pregnancy may be associated with poor academic performance by the child later on






26. The need to connect with others - which is often intensified if a threat of danger is imminent and people need to come together to support each other






27. Vygotsky's idea that learners should be given only just enough help so that they can reach the next level






28. Harvard researcher that has identified at least eight types of intelligences: linguistic - logical/mathematical - bodily/kinesthetic - musical - spatial (visual) - interpersonal (the ability to understand others) - intrapersonal (the ability to under






29. Increased exposure to stimuli - enhanced encoding (storing) of information in long-term memory - and increased ease and efficiency in retrieving the stored information will improve this






30. Second of Piaget's (age 2-7). begin to use words as mental symbols and to form mental images. still limited in their ability to use logic to solve problems. do not yet understand conservation.






31. Form of indirect aggression - prevalent in girls - involving spreading rumors - gossiping - and nonverbal putdowns for the purpose of social manipulation






32. Those with this disease are often normal weight






33. Third of Piaget's (7-11). children learn conservation and mathematical transformations.






34. Oral - anal (1-3) - phallic (4-6) - latency (6-puberty) - genital






35. Stage of development when organism is most vulnerable to teratogens.






36. Loss of elasticity of the lens and thus loss of ability to see close objects as a result of the aging process






37. Unresponsiveness to others - oc behaviors - anger outburst - social avoidance - regression in behavior/language (4x more prevalent in boys)






38. Term coined by animal psychologists Marian Breland Bailey and Keller Breland; tendency for animals to return to innate behaviors following repeated reinforcement






39. Inflicting harm in order to obtain something of value






40. The appropriate use of language in different contexts






41. Freud's third aspect of our personality to develop - involved an overriding moral guidepost - transmitted to the child in great part through adult authority figures






42. Play by infants and toddlers. activity that involves simple - repetitive movements and no symbolic thinking required. eg. sand shoveling - splashing water - pushing a toy






43. Proposed that challenging children with complex words helps them to develop their language more rapidly.






44. A technique of prenatal diagnosis in which amniotic fluid - obtained by aspiration from a needle inserted into the uterus - is analyzed to detect certain genetic and congenital defects in the fetus.






45. In Bronfenbrenner's bioecological approach - settings not experienced directly by individuals still influence their development (for example - effects of events at a parent's workplace on children's development).






46. When more categories are added to one's self-description






47. A theory of development that takes its cue in many ways from evolutionary theory - concentrating on traits that are inborn or dependent on 'critical periods' for their eventual emergence






48. Autism usually becomes evident between ___ and ___ months






49. Infant startle response to sudden - intense noise or movement. When startled the newborn arches its back - throws back its head - and flings out its arms and legs.






50. This causes more deaths in children than physical abuse