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CLEP Human Growth And Development

Subjects : clep, teaching
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Social cognitive theorist who proposed that learning takes place in social context: observing and imitating others. also believed people used self-efficacy to overcome fear/trauma.






2. Vygotsky's idea that learners should be given only just enough help so that they can reach the next level






3. The principle that development proceeds from the center of the body outward






4. The generation of adults who simultaneously try to meet the competing needs of their parents and their children






5. A period of time in the development of identity in which a person delays making a decision about important issues but actively explores various alternatives






6. Psychologist to propose the Ecological Systems Theory - views child as developing within a complex system of relationships from microsystem to macrosystem






7. A technique of prenatal diagnosis in which amniotic fluid - obtained by aspiration from a needle inserted into the uterus - is analyzed to detect certain genetic and congenital defects in the fetus.






8. Infant startle response to sudden - intense noise or movement. When startled the newborn arches its back - throws back its head - and flings out its arms and legs.






9. Stage of development when organism is most vulnerable to teratogens.






10. Piaget's notion of adapting one's current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information






11. A technique of detecting fetal abnormalities that involves examination of placental tissue extracted from the chorion






12. Those with this disease are often normal weight






13. Harvard researcher that has identified at least eight types of intelligences: linguistic - logical/mathematical - bodily/kinesthetic - musical - spatial (visual) - interpersonal (the ability to understand others) - intrapersonal (the ability to under






14. Psychologist who defined 3 styles of parenting: authoritarian - authoritative - permissive.






15. In Piaget's theory these are flexible and reversible






16. Autism usually becomes evident between ___ and ___ months






17. Suggested that children are born good - bad experiences lead to negative changes






18. Occurs between 11 and 13 months






19. Big 5 trait that increases for both sexes over their lifetimes






20. First of Piaget's. lasts from birth to acquisition of language. cognitive devmt begins and children learn causality - object permanence towards end






21. Piaget's notion of incorporating a novel idea or object into an existing schema or conception






22. Term for practical intelligence






23. Inflicting harm in order to obtain something of value






24. Psychologist who researched the relationship of body contact and nourishment to attachment - using infant monkeys and artificial mothers






25. The set of rules by which we derive meaning from morphemes - words - and sentences in a given language; the study of meaning






26. Oral - anal (1-3) - phallic (4-6) - latency (6-puberty) - genital






27. Child has smaller-than normal brain leading to other disabilities






28. Hall and Gesel launched this approach in which measures of behavior are taken on large numbers of individuals and age-related averages are computed to represent typical development






29. The average number of MORPHEMES






30. This causes more deaths in children than physical abuse






31. A theory of development that takes its cue in many ways from evolutionary theory - concentrating on traits that are inborn or dependent on 'critical periods' for their eventual emergence






32. Term coined by animal psychologists Marian Breland Bailey and Keller Breland; tendency for animals to return to innate behaviors following repeated reinforcement






33. Loss of elasticity of the lens and thus loss of ability to see close objects as a result of the aging process






34. Suggested children are born into world with empty minds - environment shapes them






35. Unresponsiveness to others - oc behaviors - anger outburst - social avoidance - regression in behavior/language (4x more prevalent in boys)






36. In Bronfenbrenner's bioecological approach - settings not experienced directly by individuals still influence their development (for example - effects of events at a parent's workplace on children's development).






37. Father of attachment theory






38. From Lev Vygotsky's theory. the difference between what a child can do with help and what the child can do without any help or guidance.






39. An explicit understanding of how learning works and an awareness of yourself as a learner.






40. The appropriate use of language in different contexts






41. Increased exposure to stimuli - enhanced encoding (storing) of information in long-term memory - and increased ease and efficiency in retrieving the stored information will improve this






42. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development






43. Introduced the concept of fast mapping. calculated that children between the ages of 1.5 and 6 learn an average of nine new words per day.






44. The fact that children can map a word onto an underlying concept after only a single exposure






45. According to Piaget - we possess these to create abstract - generalized account of repeated events






46. When more categories are added to one's self-description






47. Proposed the 5 stages of perspective taking: Egocentrism - Assume one perspective is right - Understands intention - Understands perspective of the larger social group






48. Play by infants and toddlers. activity that involves simple - repetitive movements and no symbolic thinking required. eg. sand shoveling - splashing water - pushing a toy






49. Second of Piaget's (age 2-7). begin to use words as mental symbols and to form mental images. still limited in their ability to use logic to solve problems. do not yet understand conservation.






50. When infants display a decrease in interest toward an object