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CLEP Human Growth And Development

Subjects : clep, teaching
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Gifted children grow up to be more well-adjusted - more successful - healthier adults






2. Social cognitive theorist who proposed that learning takes place in social context: observing and imitating others. also believed people used self-efficacy to overcome fear/trauma.






3. A theory of development that takes its cue in many ways from evolutionary theory - concentrating on traits that are inborn or dependent on 'critical periods' for their eventual emergence






4. Inflicting harm in order to obtain something of value






5. Increased exposure to stimuli - enhanced encoding (storing) of information in long-term memory - and increased ease and efficiency in retrieving the stored information will improve this






6. Occurs when grammatical rules are incorrectly generalized to irregular cases where they do not apply






7. Ability to become increasingly more effective in solving problems as more problems are solved. term coined by Harry Harlow.






8. This causes more deaths in children than physical abuse






9. Proposed the 5 stages of perspective taking: Egocentrism - Assume one perspective is right - Understands intention - Understands perspective of the larger social group






10. The fact that children can map a word onto an underlying concept after only a single exposure






11. Proposed that challenging children with complex words helps them to develop their language more rapidly.






12. Form of indirect aggression - prevalent in girls - involving spreading rumors - gossiping - and nonverbal putdowns for the purpose of social manipulation






13. Freud's third aspect of our personality to develop - involved an overriding moral guidepost - transmitted to the child in great part through adult authority figures






14. A technique of prenatal diagnosis in which amniotic fluid - obtained by aspiration from a needle inserted into the uterus - is analyzed to detect certain genetic and congenital defects in the fetus.






15. Suggested children are born into world with empty minds - environment shapes them






16. A technique of detecting fetal abnormalities that involves examination of placental tissue extracted from the chorion






17. Psychologist to propose the Ecological Systems Theory - views child as developing within a complex system of relationships from microsystem to macrosystem






18. Fourth of Piaget's. characterized by the ability to perform hypothetical reasoning and think abstractly.






19. Sense that is least well-developed at birth






20. Play by infants and toddlers. activity that involves simple - repetitive movements and no symbolic thinking required. eg. sand shoveling - splashing water - pushing a toy






21. Defined the theory of 3 levels of moral development. there are two stages within each level. to achieve advanced moral development - children must be exposed to both sides of moral dilemmas






22. The generation of adults who simultaneously try to meet the competing needs of their parents and their children






23. Unresponsiveness to others - oc behaviors - anger outburst - social avoidance - regression in behavior/language (4x more prevalent in boys)






24. Vygotsky's idea that learners should be given only just enough help so that they can reach the next level






25. Those with this disease are often normal weight






26. A period of time in the development of identity in which a person delays making a decision about important issues but actively explores various alternatives






27. Third of Piaget's (7-11). children learn conservation and mathematical transformations.






28. Infant startle response to sudden - intense noise or movement. When startled the newborn arches its back - throws back its head - and flings out its arms and legs.






29. Joy - Anger - Fear - Surprise - Interest - Disgust - Distress - Sadness






30. The appropriate use of language in different contexts






31. The need to connect with others - which is often intensified if a threat of danger is imminent and people need to come together to support each other






32. The basis for most human learning






33. First of Piaget's. lasts from birth to acquisition of language. cognitive devmt begins and children learn causality - object permanence towards end






34. Sternberg's theory that intelligence consists of analytical intelligence - creative intelligence - and practical intelligence.






35. This system and organ are most susceptible to teratogens after conception






36. Stage of development when organism is most vulnerable to teratogens.






37. Characteristic of the thought of a preoperational child. children in this stage tend to project human qualities into inanimate objects






38. From Lev Vygotsky's theory. the difference between what a child can do with help and what the child can do without any help or guidance.






39. Infant who appears withdrawn - depressed - and is losing all interest in the world is expressing symptoms of this






40. Second of Piaget's (age 2-7). begin to use words as mental symbols and to form mental images. still limited in their ability to use logic to solve problems. do not yet understand conservation.






41. Psychologist who researched the relationship of body contact and nourishment to attachment - using infant monkeys and artificial mothers






42. This action during pregnancy may be associated with poor academic performance by the child later on






43. Behavior that benefits someone else or society but that generally offers no obvious benefit to the person performing it; can be taught through positive reinforcement - observational learning - modeling - and assignment of responsibilities designed to






44. Loss of elasticity of the lens and thus loss of ability to see close objects as a result of the aging process






45. The understanding that a certain object or event can be simultaneously perceived by more than one sensory system






46. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development






47. The principle that development proceeds from the center of the body outward






48. In Piaget's theory these are flexible and reversible






49. The average number of MORPHEMES






50. Term coined by animal psychologists Marian Breland Bailey and Keller Breland; tendency for animals to return to innate behaviors following repeated reinforcement