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CLEP Human Growth And Development

Subjects : clep, teaching
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Psychologist who defined 3 styles of parenting: authoritarian - authoritative - permissive.






2. The need to connect with others - which is often intensified if a threat of danger is imminent and people need to come together to support each other






3. Infant startle response to sudden - intense noise or movement. When startled the newborn arches its back - throws back its head - and flings out its arms and legs.






4. This system and organ are most susceptible to teratogens after conception






5. Psychologist who researched the relationship of body contact and nourishment to attachment - using infant monkeys and artificial mothers






6. Big 5 trait that increases for both sexes over their lifetimes






7. First of Piaget's. lasts from birth to acquisition of language. cognitive devmt begins and children learn causality - object permanence towards end






8. Inflicting harm in order to obtain something of value






9. A technique of prenatal diagnosis in which amniotic fluid - obtained by aspiration from a needle inserted into the uterus - is analyzed to detect certain genetic and congenital defects in the fetus.






10. Characteristic of the thought of a preoperational child. children in this stage tend to project human qualities into inanimate objects






11. Defined the theory of 3 levels of moral development. there are two stages within each level. to achieve advanced moral development - children must be exposed to both sides of moral dilemmas






12. Sense that is least well-developed at birth






13. Hall and Gesel launched this approach in which measures of behavior are taken on large numbers of individuals and age-related averages are computed to represent typical development






14. Those with this disease are often normal weight






15. Oral - anal (1-3) - phallic (4-6) - latency (6-puberty) - genital






16. Joy - Anger - Fear - Surprise - Interest - Disgust - Distress - Sadness






17. Occurs between 11 and 13 months






18. A period of time in the development of identity in which a person delays making a decision about important issues but actively explores various alternatives






19. From Lev Vygotsky's theory. the difference between what a child can do with help and what the child can do without any help or guidance.






20. Increased exposure to stimuli - enhanced encoding (storing) of information in long-term memory - and increased ease and efficiency in retrieving the stored information will improve this






21. This causes more deaths in children than physical abuse






22. Third of Piaget's (7-11). children learn conservation and mathematical transformations.






23. Unresponsiveness to others - oc behaviors - anger outburst - social avoidance - regression in behavior/language (4x more prevalent in boys)






24. Term coined by animal psychologists Marian Breland Bailey and Keller Breland; tendency for animals to return to innate behaviors following repeated reinforcement






25. Proposed the 5 stages of perspective taking: Egocentrism - Assume one perspective is right - Understands intention - Understands perspective of the larger social group






26. Autism usually becomes evident between ___ and ___ months






27. The principle that development proceeds from the center of the body outward






28. An explicit understanding of how learning works and an awareness of yourself as a learner.






29. A theory of development that takes its cue in many ways from evolutionary theory - concentrating on traits that are inborn or dependent on 'critical periods' for their eventual emergence






30. The basis for most human learning






31. The generation of adults who simultaneously try to meet the competing needs of their parents and their children






32. Loss of elasticity of the lens and thus loss of ability to see close objects as a result of the aging process






33. The fact that children can map a word onto an underlying concept after only a single exposure






34. In Bronfenbrenner's bioecological approach - settings not experienced directly by individuals still influence their development (for example - effects of events at a parent's workplace on children's development).






35. Piaget's notion of incorporating a novel idea or object into an existing schema or conception






36. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development






37. Social cognitive theorist who proposed that learning takes place in social context: observing and imitating others. also believed people used self-efficacy to overcome fear/trauma.






38. Second of Piaget's (age 2-7). begin to use words as mental symbols and to form mental images. still limited in their ability to use logic to solve problems. do not yet understand conservation.






39. Psychologist to propose the Ecological Systems Theory - views child as developing within a complex system of relationships from microsystem to macrosystem






40. According to Piaget - we possess these to create abstract - generalized account of repeated events






41. When infants display a decrease in interest toward an object






42. Ability to become increasingly more effective in solving problems as more problems are solved. term coined by Harry Harlow.






43. Sternberg's theory that intelligence consists of analytical intelligence - creative intelligence - and practical intelligence.






44. The appropriate use of language in different contexts






45. Proposed that challenging children with complex words helps them to develop their language more rapidly.






46. Harvard researcher that has identified at least eight types of intelligences: linguistic - logical/mathematical - bodily/kinesthetic - musical - spatial (visual) - interpersonal (the ability to understand others) - intrapersonal (the ability to under






47. The understanding that a certain object or event can be simultaneously perceived by more than one sensory system






48. Form of indirect aggression - prevalent in girls - involving spreading rumors - gossiping - and nonverbal putdowns for the purpose of social manipulation






49. Play by infants and toddlers. activity that involves simple - repetitive movements and no symbolic thinking required. eg. sand shoveling - splashing water - pushing a toy






50. Gifted children grow up to be more well-adjusted - more successful - healthier adults