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CLEP Human Growth And Development

Subjects : clep, teaching
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Social cognitive theorist who proposed that learning takes place in social context: observing and imitating others. also believed people used self-efficacy to overcome fear/trauma.






2. Play by infants and toddlers. activity that involves simple - repetitive movements and no symbolic thinking required. eg. sand shoveling - splashing water - pushing a toy






3. Freud's third aspect of our personality to develop - involved an overriding moral guidepost - transmitted to the child in great part through adult authority figures






4. Loss of elasticity of the lens and thus loss of ability to see close objects as a result of the aging process






5. According to Piaget - we possess these to create abstract - generalized account of repeated events






6. This causes more deaths in children than physical abuse






7. Psychologist to propose the Ecological Systems Theory - views child as developing within a complex system of relationships from microsystem to macrosystem






8. Big 5 trait that increases for both sexes over their lifetimes






9. A technique of detecting fetal abnormalities that involves examination of placental tissue extracted from the chorion






10. Unresponsiveness to others - oc behaviors - anger outburst - social avoidance - regression in behavior/language (4x more prevalent in boys)






11. A period of time in the development of identity in which a person delays making a decision about important issues but actively explores various alternatives






12. The appropriate use of language in different contexts






13. Term for practical intelligence






14. Behavior that benefits someone else or society but that generally offers no obvious benefit to the person performing it; can be taught through positive reinforcement - observational learning - modeling - and assignment of responsibilities designed to






15. Proposed the 5 stages of perspective taking: Egocentrism - Assume one perspective is right - Understands intention - Understands perspective of the larger social group






16. Suggested children are born into world with empty minds - environment shapes them






17. Gifted children grow up to be more well-adjusted - more successful - healthier adults






18. Psychologist who defined 3 styles of parenting: authoritarian - authoritative - permissive.






19. Ability to become increasingly more effective in solving problems as more problems are solved. term coined by Harry Harlow.






20. A theory of development that takes its cue in many ways from evolutionary theory - concentrating on traits that are inborn or dependent on 'critical periods' for their eventual emergence






21. Occurs between 11 and 13 months






22. Vygotsky's idea that learners should be given only just enough help so that they can reach the next level






23. Child has smaller-than normal brain leading to other disabilities






24. Inflicting harm in order to obtain something of value






25. A technique of prenatal diagnosis in which amniotic fluid - obtained by aspiration from a needle inserted into the uterus - is analyzed to detect certain genetic and congenital defects in the fetus.






26. In Piaget's theory these are flexible and reversible






27. Piaget's notion of incorporating a novel idea or object into an existing schema or conception






28. The basis for most human learning






29. Oral - anal (1-3) - phallic (4-6) - latency (6-puberty) - genital






30. Term coined by animal psychologists Marian Breland Bailey and Keller Breland; tendency for animals to return to innate behaviors following repeated reinforcement






31. An explicit understanding of how learning works and an awareness of yourself as a learner.






32. Stage of development when organism is most vulnerable to teratogens.






33. Hall and Gesel launched this approach in which measures of behavior are taken on large numbers of individuals and age-related averages are computed to represent typical development






34. Father of attachment theory






35. Defined the theory of 3 levels of moral development. there are two stages within each level. to achieve advanced moral development - children must be exposed to both sides of moral dilemmas






36. Occurs when grammatical rules are incorrectly generalized to irregular cases where they do not apply






37. Sternberg's theory that intelligence consists of analytical intelligence - creative intelligence - and practical intelligence.






38. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development






39. Joy - Anger - Fear - Surprise - Interest - Disgust - Distress - Sadness






40. First of Piaget's. lasts from birth to acquisition of language. cognitive devmt begins and children learn causality - object permanence towards end






41. Infant startle response to sudden - intense noise or movement. When startled the newborn arches its back - throws back its head - and flings out its arms and legs.






42. The set of rules by which we derive meaning from morphemes - words - and sentences in a given language; the study of meaning






43. Those with this disease are often normal weight






44. When more categories are added to one's self-description






45. The need to connect with others - which is often intensified if a threat of danger is imminent and people need to come together to support each other






46. Sense that is least well-developed at birth






47. Second of Piaget's (age 2-7). begin to use words as mental symbols and to form mental images. still limited in their ability to use logic to solve problems. do not yet understand conservation.






48. Autism usually becomes evident between ___ and ___ months






49. In Bronfenbrenner's bioecological approach - settings not experienced directly by individuals still influence their development (for example - effects of events at a parent's workplace on children's development).






50. When infants display a decrease in interest toward an object







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