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CLEP Human Growth And Development

Subjects : clep, teaching
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Vygotsky's idea that learners should be given only just enough help so that they can reach the next level






2. Suggested that children are born good - bad experiences lead to negative changes






3. A technique of prenatal diagnosis in which amniotic fluid - obtained by aspiration from a needle inserted into the uterus - is analyzed to detect certain genetic and congenital defects in the fetus.






4. Psychologist who researched the relationship of body contact and nourishment to attachment - using infant monkeys and artificial mothers






5. According to Piaget - we possess these to create abstract - generalized account of repeated events






6. When children are most sensitive to the effects of stimuli. different ages for different stimuli.






7. A period of time in the development of identity in which a person delays making a decision about important issues but actively explores various alternatives






8. Harvard researcher that has identified at least eight types of intelligences: linguistic - logical/mathematical - bodily/kinesthetic - musical - spatial (visual) - interpersonal (the ability to understand others) - intrapersonal (the ability to under






9. Second of Piaget's (age 2-7). begin to use words as mental symbols and to form mental images. still limited in their ability to use logic to solve problems. do not yet understand conservation.






10. Inflicting harm in order to obtain something of value






11. Infant startle response to sudden - intense noise or movement. When startled the newborn arches its back - throws back its head - and flings out its arms and legs.






12. Occurs between 11 and 13 months






13. Piaget's notion of adapting one's current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information






14. The appropriate use of language in different contexts






15. The fact that children can map a word onto an underlying concept after only a single exposure






16. Sternberg's theory that intelligence consists of analytical intelligence - creative intelligence - and practical intelligence.






17. Proposed that challenging children with complex words helps them to develop their language more rapidly.






18. When more categories are added to one's self-description






19. Oral - anal (1-3) - phallic (4-6) - latency (6-puberty) - genital






20. An explicit understanding of how learning works and an awareness of yourself as a learner.






21. This action during pregnancy may be associated with poor academic performance by the child later on






22. Autism usually becomes evident between ___ and ___ months






23. The set of rules by which we derive meaning from morphemes - words - and sentences in a given language; the study of meaning






24. Proposed the 5 stages of perspective taking: Egocentrism - Assume one perspective is right - Understands intention - Understands perspective of the larger social group






25. Behavior that benefits someone else or society but that generally offers no obvious benefit to the person performing it; can be taught through positive reinforcement - observational learning - modeling - and assignment of responsibilities designed to






26. First of Piaget's. lasts from birth to acquisition of language. cognitive devmt begins and children learn causality - object permanence towards end






27. Characteristic of the thought of a preoperational child. children in this stage tend to project human qualities into inanimate objects






28. Introduced the concept of fast mapping. calculated that children between the ages of 1.5 and 6 learn an average of nine new words per day.






29. Term for practical intelligence






30. Play by infants and toddlers. activity that involves simple - repetitive movements and no symbolic thinking required. eg. sand shoveling - splashing water - pushing a toy






31. The principle that development proceeds from the center of the body outward






32. Suggested children are born into world with empty minds - environment shapes them






33. The basis for most human learning






34. Stage of development when organism is most vulnerable to teratogens.






35. Big 5 trait that increases for both sexes over their lifetimes






36. Joy - Anger - Fear - Surprise - Interest - Disgust - Distress - Sadness






37. Loss of elasticity of the lens and thus loss of ability to see close objects as a result of the aging process






38. In Piaget's theory these are flexible and reversible






39. This system and organ are most susceptible to teratogens after conception






40. Unresponsiveness to others - oc behaviors - anger outburst - social avoidance - regression in behavior/language (4x more prevalent in boys)






41. Fourth of Piaget's. characterized by the ability to perform hypothetical reasoning and think abstractly.






42. Sense that is least well-developed at birth






43. Hall and Gesel launched this approach in which measures of behavior are taken on large numbers of individuals and age-related averages are computed to represent typical development






44. Defined the theory of 3 levels of moral development. there are two stages within each level. to achieve advanced moral development - children must be exposed to both sides of moral dilemmas






45. In Bronfenbrenner's bioecological approach - settings not experienced directly by individuals still influence their development (for example - effects of events at a parent's workplace on children's development).






46. Freud's third aspect of our personality to develop - involved an overriding moral guidepost - transmitted to the child in great part through adult authority figures






47. Father of attachment theory






48. Social cognitive theorist who proposed that learning takes place in social context: observing and imitating others. also believed people used self-efficacy to overcome fear/trauma.






49. When infants display a decrease in interest toward an object






50. From Lev Vygotsky's theory. the difference between what a child can do with help and what the child can do without any help or guidance.