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CLEP Human Growth And Development

Subjects : clep, teaching
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An explicit understanding of how learning works and an awareness of yourself as a learner.






2. A theory of development that takes its cue in many ways from evolutionary theory - concentrating on traits that are inborn or dependent on 'critical periods' for their eventual emergence






3. From Lev Vygotsky's theory. the difference between what a child can do with help and what the child can do without any help or guidance.






4. Vygotsky's idea that learners should be given only just enough help so that they can reach the next level






5. The average number of MORPHEMES






6. Piaget's notion of adapting one's current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information






7. The generation of adults who simultaneously try to meet the competing needs of their parents and their children






8. The set of rules by which we derive meaning from morphemes - words - and sentences in a given language; the study of meaning






9. Harvard researcher that has identified at least eight types of intelligences: linguistic - logical/mathematical - bodily/kinesthetic - musical - spatial (visual) - interpersonal (the ability to understand others) - intrapersonal (the ability to under






10. Loss of elasticity of the lens and thus loss of ability to see close objects as a result of the aging process






11. In Bronfenbrenner's bioecological approach - settings not experienced directly by individuals still influence their development (for example - effects of events at a parent's workplace on children's development).






12. Term coined by animal psychologists Marian Breland Bailey and Keller Breland; tendency for animals to return to innate behaviors following repeated reinforcement






13. According to Piaget - we possess these to create abstract - generalized account of repeated events






14. Child has smaller-than normal brain leading to other disabilities






15. Social cognitive theorist who proposed that learning takes place in social context: observing and imitating others. also believed people used self-efficacy to overcome fear/trauma.






16. Father of attachment theory






17. A technique of detecting fetal abnormalities that involves examination of placental tissue extracted from the chorion






18. This causes more deaths in children than physical abuse






19. Suggested that children are born good - bad experiences lead to negative changes






20. Freud's third aspect of our personality to develop - involved an overriding moral guidepost - transmitted to the child in great part through adult authority figures






21. Sense that is least well-developed at birth






22. The principle that development proceeds from the center of the body outward






23. Gifted children grow up to be more well-adjusted - more successful - healthier adults






24. The basis for most human learning






25. Sternberg's theory that intelligence consists of analytical intelligence - creative intelligence - and practical intelligence.






26. Psychologist who defined 3 styles of parenting: authoritarian - authoritative - permissive.






27. A technique of prenatal diagnosis in which amniotic fluid - obtained by aspiration from a needle inserted into the uterus - is analyzed to detect certain genetic and congenital defects in the fetus.






28. Behavior that benefits someone else or society but that generally offers no obvious benefit to the person performing it; can be taught through positive reinforcement - observational learning - modeling - and assignment of responsibilities designed to






29. The appropriate use of language in different contexts






30. This action during pregnancy may be associated with poor academic performance by the child later on






31. Infant who appears withdrawn - depressed - and is losing all interest in the world is expressing symptoms of this






32. When more categories are added to one's self-description






33. Psychologist who researched the relationship of body contact and nourishment to attachment - using infant monkeys and artificial mothers






34. Proposed that challenging children with complex words helps them to develop their language more rapidly.






35. Introduced the concept of fast mapping. calculated that children between the ages of 1.5 and 6 learn an average of nine new words per day.






36. Oral - anal (1-3) - phallic (4-6) - latency (6-puberty) - genital






37. Suggested children are born into world with empty minds - environment shapes them






38. Inflicting harm in order to obtain something of value






39. Proposed the 5 stages of perspective taking: Egocentrism - Assume one perspective is right - Understands intention - Understands perspective of the larger social group






40. Big 5 trait that increases for both sexes over their lifetimes






41. Characteristic of the thought of a preoperational child. children in this stage tend to project human qualities into inanimate objects






42. The understanding that a certain object or event can be simultaneously perceived by more than one sensory system






43. Second of Piaget's (age 2-7). begin to use words as mental symbols and to form mental images. still limited in their ability to use logic to solve problems. do not yet understand conservation.






44. Infant startle response to sudden - intense noise or movement. When startled the newborn arches its back - throws back its head - and flings out its arms and legs.






45. Stage of development when organism is most vulnerable to teratogens.






46. Fourth of Piaget's. characterized by the ability to perform hypothetical reasoning and think abstractly.






47. Occurs between 11 and 13 months






48. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development






49. Play by infants and toddlers. activity that involves simple - repetitive movements and no symbolic thinking required. eg. sand shoveling - splashing water - pushing a toy






50. When children are most sensitive to the effects of stimuli. different ages for different stimuli.