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CLEP Human Growth And Development

Subjects : clep, teaching
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Increased exposure to stimuli - enhanced encoding (storing) of information in long-term memory - and increased ease and efficiency in retrieving the stored information will improve this






2. Defined the theory of 3 levels of moral development. there are two stages within each level. to achieve advanced moral development - children must be exposed to both sides of moral dilemmas






3. Ability to become increasingly more effective in solving problems as more problems are solved. term coined by Harry Harlow.






4. Proposed the 5 stages of perspective taking: Egocentrism - Assume one perspective is right - Understands intention - Understands perspective of the larger social group






5. Psychologist to propose the Ecological Systems Theory - views child as developing within a complex system of relationships from microsystem to macrosystem






6. An explicit understanding of how learning works and an awareness of yourself as a learner.






7. In Piaget's theory these are flexible and reversible






8. Proposed that challenging children with complex words helps them to develop their language more rapidly.






9. Play by infants and toddlers. activity that involves simple - repetitive movements and no symbolic thinking required. eg. sand shoveling - splashing water - pushing a toy






10. Freud's third aspect of our personality to develop - involved an overriding moral guidepost - transmitted to the child in great part through adult authority figures






11. Piaget's notion of adapting one's current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information






12. Fourth of Piaget's. characterized by the ability to perform hypothetical reasoning and think abstractly.






13. This causes more deaths in children than physical abuse






14. Form of indirect aggression - prevalent in girls - involving spreading rumors - gossiping - and nonverbal putdowns for the purpose of social manipulation






15. When more categories are added to one's self-description






16. This action during pregnancy may be associated with poor academic performance by the child later on






17. The understanding that a certain object or event can be simultaneously perceived by more than one sensory system






18. Vygotsky's idea that learners should be given only just enough help so that they can reach the next level






19. From Lev Vygotsky's theory. the difference between what a child can do with help and what the child can do without any help or guidance.






20. Child has smaller-than normal brain leading to other disabilities






21. Suggested that children are born good - bad experiences lead to negative changes






22. First of Piaget's. lasts from birth to acquisition of language. cognitive devmt begins and children learn causality - object permanence towards end






23. Father of attachment theory






24. Term for practical intelligence






25. Harvard researcher that has identified at least eight types of intelligences: linguistic - logical/mathematical - bodily/kinesthetic - musical - spatial (visual) - interpersonal (the ability to understand others) - intrapersonal (the ability to under






26. 1896-1934; russian developmental psychologist who emphasized the role of the social environment on cognitive development and proposed the idea of zones of proximal development






27. Term coined by animal psychologists Marian Breland Bailey and Keller Breland; tendency for animals to return to innate behaviors following repeated reinforcement






28. Sense that is least well-developed at birth






29. A theory of development that takes its cue in many ways from evolutionary theory - concentrating on traits that are inborn or dependent on 'critical periods' for their eventual emergence






30. According to Piaget - we possess these to create abstract - generalized account of repeated events






31. We don't inherit a specific IQ; rather we have a range of academic potential






32. The appropriate use of language in different contexts






33. In Bronfenbrenner's bioecological approach - settings not experienced directly by individuals still influence their development (for example - effects of events at a parent's workplace on children's development).






34. Suggested children are born into world with empty minds - environment shapes them






35. Occurs when grammatical rules are incorrectly generalized to irregular cases where they do not apply






36. Oral - anal (1-3) - phallic (4-6) - latency (6-puberty) - genital






37. Introduced the concept of fast mapping. calculated that children between the ages of 1.5 and 6 learn an average of nine new words per day.






38. Occurs between 11 and 13 months






39. Behavior that benefits someone else or society but that generally offers no obvious benefit to the person performing it; can be taught through positive reinforcement - observational learning - modeling - and assignment of responsibilities designed to






40. The fact that children can map a word onto an underlying concept after only a single exposure






41. The set of rules by which we derive meaning from morphemes - words - and sentences in a given language; the study of meaning






42. Gifted children grow up to be more well-adjusted - more successful - healthier adults






43. Characteristic of the thought of a preoperational child. children in this stage tend to project human qualities into inanimate objects






44. Infant startle response to sudden - intense noise or movement. When startled the newborn arches its back - throws back its head - and flings out its arms and legs.






45. The need to connect with others - which is often intensified if a threat of danger is imminent and people need to come together to support each other






46. The principle that development proceeds from the center of the body outward






47. Psychologist who researched the relationship of body contact and nourishment to attachment - using infant monkeys and artificial mothers






48. A technique of prenatal diagnosis in which amniotic fluid - obtained by aspiration from a needle inserted into the uterus - is analyzed to detect certain genetic and congenital defects in the fetus.






49. Third of Piaget's (7-11). children learn conservation and mathematical transformations.






50. Piaget's notion of incorporating a novel idea or object into an existing schema or conception