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CLEP Intro To Educational Psychology

Subjects : clep, teaching
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Difficulty pronouncing the correct sound or substituting with an incorrect sound.






2. A raw score converted into a form in which it can be compared to other scores from the same test.






3. Information given in advance of a lesson to prepare the students by reminding them of important information learned before and focusing them on key information.






4. The relationship between a student and his or her environment. According to this principle - the student and the environment will influence and affect each other.






5. The natural physical changes that occur due to a person's genetic code.






6. All sources that contribute to a student's learning. This term includes the teacher - the textbook - the principal - and any others who promote education.






7. Tests designed to measure a student's completion or a particular course or subject area.






8. A process that occurs when two stimuli are consistently paired - causing the presence of one to evoke the other.






9. One of the two divisions of human needs according to Maslow. These needs are survival (food - water - warmth) - safety (freedom from danger) - belonging (acceptance from others) - and self-esteem (approval from others).






10. Language disorders characterized by difficulty forming sounds or coherent sentences.






11. The set of social and behavioral norms for each gender held by society.






12. Clear and specific learning objectives that ensure both the teacher and the student stay on track.






13. The process of transferring information from short-term to long-term memory by developing meaningful relationships and patterns in the data that relate to one's previous knowledge.






14. The act of creating one's own standards of behavior based on observations of others. The best performance standards are those which are moderately difficult.






15. A level of moral reasoning guided by adherence to overarching moral principles - developed by Kohlberg. This level is also divided into two stages: stage 5 (realization that one is part of a large society where everyone deserves rights) and stage 6 (






16. A form of negative punishment where something wanted by the student will be taken away if he or she behaves in an undesirable way.






17. Mental retardation needing daily help and support in school.






18. The path one follows to correct his or her behavior based on discrepancies between his or her performance and that of a model.






19. A testing procedure that measures a student's mastery of a particular skill or understanding of a certain concept. The purpose of this kind of test is to measure whether a student has achieved a certain learning objective.






20. A kind of performance-based testing strategy that allows students to apply knowledge learned in one situation to a different one.






21. A method of scaling scores which evaluates students in terms of the grade level at which they are functioning.






22. One of the characteristics in Attribution Theory a student will use to figure out why his or her actions had the outcome they did. This characteristic is unstable and external to the student.






23. A principle proposed by Edward Thorndike stating behaviors with positive outcomes will be repeated while those with negative outcomes will be avoided.






24. An individually administered intelligence test designed for children ages 6-16.






25. An approach to teaching reading which emphasizes the ability to decode words - involving rules for learning phonemes.






26. An approach to teaching reading which attempts to enhance children's phonetic awareness - or ability to discriminate between different phonemes. This method teaches students the relationships between written words and their different phonemes.






27. A measure of how consistent scores are on the same test. Any differences are attributed to errors in the test.






28. A teaching method developed by Feuerstein where the teacher will intervene between the student and the learning task. In this method - the teacher will help the student make inferences about the world based on different experiences. This can be done






29. A prediction which causes itself to become true. In educational psychology - the teacher's expectations about a student's success almost always come true - regardless of whether or not the expectations were backed by truth.






30. A theory that proposes there are both external and internal motivational factors. According to this theory - there are two components behind motivation: the personal value of the endeavor and one's perceived ability to accomplish it.






31. A mnemonic device that creates a sentence based on the first letter of each word in a set to be memorized.






32. Breaking apart a learning task into specific - concrete objectives a student must achieve to master the task.






33. Taxonomies detailing the types of values and attitudes the student should develop by the end of the course.






34. The art of teaching. It encompasses different styles and methods of instructing.






35. A kind of meaning emphasis strategy which integrates reading with other language skills such as speaking - writing - and listening.






36. The degree to which a student desires and actively strives to excel and succeed.






37. Taxonomies dealing with the different cognitive abilities the student should develop.






38. Learning outcomes defined by specific operational steps and skills a student must master. Gronlund believed that general objectives would lead to these kinds of outcomes.






39. The sensory register for visual information.






40. A taxonomy created by Bloom. According to this model - there are six levels of mastery of a concept. The student must reach the levels in specific order; higher level skills cannot be mastered without the lower levels. The levels are knowledge (simpl


41. A group of disorders characterized by inappropriate behaviors that inhibit students from getting along well with others.






42. A form of behavioral modification where the teacher and student create a contract specifying certain academic goals and the rewards or privileges that will be given once the goals are reached.






43. Familiar responses to a problem one uses without thinking the situation through.






44. A model of intelligence by Guilford which consists of 150 types of intelligence. According to Guilford - all types of intelligence can be organized along three dimensions: operations (such as memory - cognition - or evaluation) - products (such as un






45. A type of learning where the teacher encourages the students to find their own meaning in learning. The teacher will show relationships between the new subject matter and past learning and will encourage the students to have confidence in their own a






46. Students who are in danger of failing to complete a basic education needed for operating successfully in society.






47. A teaching style which seeks to instruct students in how to recognize and rise up against oppression. This area of teaching is influenced by the works of Karl Marx.






48. A level of moral reasoning guided by rewards and punishments - developed by Kohlberg. This level is further divided into two stages: stage 1 (adherence to rules to please authority figures) and stage 2 (follow rules that satisfy one's needs).






49. An unlimited cognitive storage system for retaining permanent records of information deemed important. According to the Two-Store Model - this is the third level of processing and the second level of storage.






50. A division of long-term memory for storing rules and methods or performing specific tasks - called procedures.