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CLEP Intro To Educational Psychology
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teaching
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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Taxonomies dealing with the different cognitive abilities the student should develop.
Norm-Referenced Testing
Cognitive Objectives
Instructional Theory
Cerebral Palsy (CP)
2. One of the characteristics of ADHD. This term describes students who seem to be unable to sit still - constantly fidgeting or displaying other disruptive behaviors.
Alternate (or Parallel) Forms Reliability
Hyperactivity
Data-Driven Models
Questioning Techniques
3. One's social and economic standing - including one's class - race - and education. SES is highly influential on students' success in school - with those from low-SES families performing below their high-SES classmates.
Response Set
English as a Second Language (ESL) Programs
Socioeconomic Status
Norm-Referenced Testing
4. An approach to grading where the students are given a numerical score - using either a 10-point or a 7-point grading scale. These scores may be translated into a letter grade or compared to the average score on a test.
Exceptional Learners
Meaning Emphasis Strategy
Encoding
Absolute Grading Standards
5. Teachers with this quality are constantly aware of and in control of everything going on in a classroom.
Symbolic Modeling
Withitness
Semantic Memory
Mental Retardation
6. Difficulty pronouncing the correct sound or substituting with an incorrect sound.
Grade-Level Equivalent Scores
T-Scores
WISC (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children)
Articulation Difficulties
7. The process of interpreting and making sense of the world according to Piaget's model of cognitive development.
Percentile Scores
Organization
Self-Regulation
Identity Diffusion
8. The use of physical punishment.
Deficiency Needs
Corporal Punishment
Chunking
Character Education Programs
9. Academic programs where students are given a deeper education in their areas of interest.
Reliability
Validity
Expressive Disorders
Enrichment Programs
10. Mental retardation needing daily help and support in school.
Whole Language Approach
Extensive Retardation
English as a Second Language (ESL) Programs
Law of Effect
11. Another name for classical conditioning - based on the importance of stimuli on this approach.
Standard Error of Estimate
Type-S Conditioning
Dyslexia
Visual Impairment
12. A theory by Melanie Klein which proposes a child's personality develops from the child's relationship with his or her mother. According to this view - children need a strong mother to develop well.
Reinforcer
Preconventional Morality
Demonstrations
Object-Relations Theory
13. An approach to teaching reading which attempts to enhance children's phonetic awareness - or ability to discriminate between different phonemes. This method teaches students the relationships between written words and their different phonemes.
Phonics Approach
Identity Achievement
Pivotal Response Therapy
Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences
14. The degree to which the content of a test represents the broader subject area the test is supposed to measure.
Babbling
Content Validity
Individualized Education Program (IEP)
Keyword
15. A level of moral reasoning guided by rewards and punishments - developed by Kohlberg. This level is further divided into two stages: stage 1 (adherence to rules to please authority figures) and stage 2 (follow rules that satisfy one's needs).
Constructivism
Extensive Retardation
Preconventional Morality
External Locus of Control
16. According to Vygotsky's sociocultural theory of development - a type of speech used by young children to guide their problem-solving process when working by themselves.
Learning Disabilities
Subschemata
Self-Talk (or Private Speech)
Externalizing Behavior Disorders
17. A kind of performance-based testing strategy that allows students to apply knowledge learned in one situation to a different one.
Demonstrations
Transfer of Information
Type-S Conditioning
Functional Fixedness
18. A model of intelligence by Guilford which consists of 150 types of intelligence. According to Guilford - all types of intelligence can be organized along three dimensions: operations (such as memory - cognition - or evaluation) - products (such as un
Self-Determination Theory
Object-Relations Theory
Structure of Intellect (SOI)
Self-Efficacy
19. A disruptive disorder characterized by the underdevelopment of certain traits such as impulse control - leading to inattention - hyperactivity - and impulsiveness. The three types are predominantly hyperactive-impulsive - predominantly inattentive -
Limited Retardation
Metacognition
ADHD (Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder)
Group Consequences
20. Disabilities that affect children with average or above average intelligence who nevertheless have difficulty with some aspect of learning - such as reading - writing - or solving problems.
Time-Out
Learning Disabilities
Instructional Objectives
Character
21. A type of learning where the teacher encourages the students to find their own meaning in learning. The teacher will show relationships between the new subject matter and past learning and will encourage the students to have confidence in their own a
Generative learning
Extensive Retardation
Observational Learning
Real Self-Efficacy
22. A teaching method developed by Feuerstein where the teacher will intervene between the student and the learning task. In this method - the teacher will help the student make inferences about the world based on different experiences. This can be done
Mediated Learning Experiences (MLE)
General (or High-Road) Transfer
Operant Behavior
Pervasive Retardation
23. A system designed to aid communication. These systems are characteristically organized (have grammar rules for word order) - productive (words can be combined in an almost infinite number of arrangements) - arbitrary (not necessarily a relationship b
Language System
Invincibility Fallacy
Primary Reinforcer
Student Team Achievement Decisions
24. Behaving like someone in a book or movie.
Response-Cost System
Specific (or Low-Road) Transfer
Perceived Self-Efficacy
Symbolic Modeling
25. Bilingual education programs which aim to use English as much as possible.
English as a Second Language (ESL) Programs
Articulation Difficulties
Learning Potential Assessment Device (LPAD)
Law of Effect
26. A method of scaling scores using a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1.
Z-Scores
Diagnostic Achievement Tests
Pragmatics
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
27. A theory that proposes there are both external and internal motivational factors. According to this theory - there are two components behind motivation: the personal value of the endeavor and one's perceived ability to accomplish it.
Luck
Behavioral Theory
Law of Effect
Social Learning and Expectancy
28. A person's self-perception - what one thinks of oneself.
Reversibility
Identity
Percentile Scores
Zone of Proximal (or Potential) Development
29. A condition where a test consistently provides an inaccurate score due to some property of the test taker - such as gender - socioeconomic status - or race.
Working or Short-Term Memory
Test Bias
Corporal Punishment
Social Learning and Expectancy
30. Integrating parts of the behaviors from several models to form a new behavioral set.
Synthesized Modeling
Exceptional Learners
Behavioral Theory
Centration
31. The ability to see useful relationships between different ideas or aspects of a problem. This is thought to be one of the types of intelligence on which creativity is based.
Fluency Disorders
Analytical Intelligence
Conservation
Steiner-Waldorf Education
32. The drive to perform a certain behavior solely to receive an external reward.
Extrinsic Motivation
Premack Principle
Analytical Intelligence
Competency Tests (or End-of-Grade Tests)
33. A form of negative punishment where something wanted by the student will be taken away if he or she behaves in an undesirable way.
Response-Cost System
Performance-Based Test Strategies
Long-Term Memory
T-Scores
34. Theories which argue that the language - culture - and traditions of minority students negatively affects their academic ability.
Portfolio
Cultural Deficit Theories
Social Learning and Expectancy
Generalized Reinforcer
35. A medical condition present after birth that causes the child to reason or to cope with social situations far below average.
Externalizing Behavior Disorders
Individual and Small-Group Activities
Mental Retardation
Ability
36. Taxonomies detailing the types of values and attitudes the student should develop by the end of the course.
Affective Objectives
Respondent Behavior
Group Consequences
Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives
37. An approach to grading where students' individual scores are compared to a predetermined average score.
Long-Term Memory
Relative Grading Scales (Curving)
Social Cognition
Semantic Memory
38. The difference between the skills a child develops alone and those that can be learned with the help of someone knowledgeable. This concept was developed by Vygotsky.
Premack Principle
Social Inferences
Zone of Proximal (or Potential) Development
Type-R Conditioning
39. The set of social and behavioral norms for each gender held by society.
Gender Role
Perception
Transitivity
Psychomotor Objectives
40. A method of assessing how much students know by giving them closed-ended response questions they are to answer by themselves.
Type-R Conditioning
Individual and Small-Group Activities
Generalized Reinforcer
Static Assessment Approach
41. Tests used to determine if students have achieved a minimum amount of learning needed to pass a class.
WISC (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children)
Respondent Behavior
Competency Tests (or End-of-Grade Tests)
Organization
42. Disorders characterized by difficulty communicating - either by having trouble expressing oneself or by being unable to properly receive information.
Instructional Theory
Synthesized Modeling
Contingency Contracting
Speech and Language Communication Disorders
43. A mnemonic device that creates a sentence based on the first letter of each word in a set to be memorized.
Active teaching
Acrostic Mnemonic Device
Holophrastic Speech
Anxiety Disorders
44. A humanistic - interdisciplinary form of teaching which emphasizes the role of creativity and imagination in learning. According to this theory - children pass through three learning stages: imitative learning - artistic learning - and abstract learn
Learning Potential Assessment Device (LPAD)
Steiner-Waldorf Education
Type-S Conditioning
Anxiety Disorders
45. Disorder affecting a child's sight.
Visual Impairment
Jigsaw II
Student Team Achievement Decisions
Receptive Language Disorders
46. A kind of forgetting where new information interferes with the retrieval of previously learned information.
Retroactive Interference
Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives
Social Cognition
Speech and Language Communication Disorders
47. A level of moral reasoning guided by strict adherence to rules - developed by Kohlberg. This level is also divided into two stages: stage 3 (conformity to one's group) and stage 4 (following rules because they promote social order).
Internal Locus of Control
Confidence Interval
Conventional Morality
Dynamic Assessment Approach
48. A method of scaling scores using a nine-point scale with a mean of 5 and standard deviation of 2. This method is intended to minimize insignificant differences between scores.
Stanine (STAndard NINE)
Cultural Deficit Theories
Achievement Motivation
Identity
49. A theory which states that the primary source of motivation is internal needs.
Mastery Grading Scales
Human Needs Theory
Formative Evaluation
Visual Impairment
50. A form of behavioral modification designed for autistic children. This treatment targets key parts of an individual's development - such as motivation or social responsiveness - in the hope that the treatment will spread to other behavioral areas as
Pivotal Response Therapy
Confidence Interval
Method of Loci
Reinforcer
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