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CLEP Intro To Educational Psychology

Subjects : clep, teaching
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A level of moral reasoning guided by strict adherence to rules - developed by Kohlberg. This level is also divided into two stages: stage 3 (conformity to one's group) and stage 4 (following rules because they promote social order).






2. A kind of performance-based testing strategy that allows students to apply knowledge learned in one situation to a different one.






3. Students with these disorders are angry - defiant - and hostile - seemingly unable to follow the teacher's rules.






4. The act of assigning meaning to information by interpreting it based on what one already knows.






5. Language disorders characterized by trouble understanding spoken language.






6. One of the characteristics in Attribution Theory a student will use to figure out why his or her actions had the outcome they did. This characteristic is stable and intrinsic to the student.






7. A type of character education where an instructor discusses moral questions with students. This type of program has limited success.






8. According to researcher Benjamin Bloom - students with individual tutors generally perform two standard deviations (two 'sigmas') above those in average classrooms.






9. One's self-perception of his or her gender.






10. A form of behavioral modification where the teacher and student create a contract specifying certain academic goals and the rewards or privileges that will be given once the goals are reached.






11. A theory which states that the primary source of motivation is extrinsic - or external - rewards.






12. A kind of forgetting where previously learned information interferes with the retrieval of new information.






13. The sensory register for auditory information.






14. One of the two divisions of human needs according to Maslow. These needs are survival (food - water - warmth) - safety (freedom from danger) - belonging (acceptance from others) - and self-esteem (approval from others).






15. According to the Attribution Theory - this concept refers to how responsive a student believes the cause of success or failure to be.






16. One's perceived abilities and competence. According to the Social Learning and Expectancy theory - this depends on four kinds of social experiences: personal experiences of the student; vicarious experiences (observing the rewards or punishments othe






17. Academic programs designed to enable students to learn independently more about their areas of interest.






18. Academic programs where students are taught basic information and then allowed to progress at their own pace. This type of program is used for gifted children.






19. The relationship between a student and his or her environment. According to this principle - the student and the environment will influence and affect each other.






20. A law enacted in 1975 to ensure that every exceptional learner is given instruction appropriate for his or her needs. The child should be placed in the least restrictive environment possible (i.e. spending the most time with ordinary students).






21. The innate ability to use language - as described by Chomsky.






22. The drive to perform a certain behavior solely to receive an external reward.






23. The ability to infer a relationship between two objects and to compare and arrange them. According to Piaget - concrete operational children have this skill.






24. A disorder characterized by an impairment of one's cognitive abilities and problems with adapting to situations. Individuals with this problem often have IQs of under 70.






25. A mnemonic device that aids the memory of a long list of information by linking each item in the list to a specific well-known location.






26. The smallest meaningful units in a language.






27. Educating exceptional learners in a regular classroom while offering them any extra assistance they need.






28. A learning strategy which involves grouping information into categories based on shared patterns - sequences - or characteristics.






29. A model of memory that includes three interacting components (sensory register - working memory - and long-term memory) that together process external information. Although there are three parts - only two of them (working and long-term) are used for






30. An unlimited cognitive storage system for retaining permanent records of information deemed important. According to the Two-Store Model - this is the third level of processing and the second level of storage.






31. An approach to grading using descriptive terms such as 'outstanding' or 'unsatisfactory' to rate the student's performance.






32. The process of interpreting and making sense of the world according to Piaget's model of cognitive development.






33. A learning model that proposes that learning is a function of the ratio between the effort needed to the effort spent learning. learning=f(time spent/time needed)

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34. A testing procedure that measures a student's mastery of a particular skill or understanding of a certain concept. The purpose of this kind of test is to measure whether a student has achieved a certain learning objective.






35. Assumptions about how different social relationships work and how other people feel and think.






36. An approach to problem solving where one reasons how to reach the goal based on the current situation.






37. An approach to classroom management where the teacher will enforce clear rules for student conduct - quickly and impartially punishing any disobedience.






38. A level of identity status where one has created his or her identity based on the opinions of others - not on personal choice.






39. A teaching procedure that allows the teacher to test the student's reasoning ability and cognitive functions. Instead of focusing on quantifiable answers - this method aims at improving the student's problem-solving skills.






40. A kind of testing the teacher uses to determine what aspects of a subject to focus on - depending on how much the students know and comprehend.






41. A kind of forgetting where new information interferes with the retrieval of previously learned information.






42. A bell-shaped curve which can be easily and consistently used to interpret scores.






43. A mnemonic device where one will isolate part of a word - create a mental image of the keyword - and use that image to remember the meaning of the word.






44. A sample group who is to represent the population being tested.






45. The study of how students learn and develop.






46. A type of learning where the teacher encourages the students to find their own meaning in learning. The teacher will show relationships between the new subject matter and past learning and will encourage the students to have confidence in their own a






47. A method of rehearsal where one retains information in short-term memory by relating it to previously learned knowledge.






48. A level of identity status where the adolescent is actively trying out different beliefs - behaviors - and lifestyles to discover his or her identity.






49. A theory which proposes that there are eight different kinds of cognitive intelligences - none of which are necessarily correlated. The intelligences are spacial - linguistic - logical-mathematical - bodily-kinesthetic - musical - interpersonal - int

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50. A reinforcer which is paired with multiple primary reinforcers - such as academic achievement or social standing.